source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 2890212

ADT arm-eh ast-experimental enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation new-ast new-ast-unique-expr pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since 2890212 was 757ffed, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 6 years ago

remove empty arguments in call to mean use default parameter value, use @ instead

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 136.1 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Sun Jul 14 07:54:30 2019
13// Update Count : 4355
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
102 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
103 } // for
104 declList->addType( cl );
105 return declList;
106} // distAttr
107
108void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
109 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
110 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
111 iter->set_extension( true );
112 } // for
113} // distExt
114
115void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
116 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
117 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
118 iter->set_inLine( true );
119 } // for
120} // distInl
121
122void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
123 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
124 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
125 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
126 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
127 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
128 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
129 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
130 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
131 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
132 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
133 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
134 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
135 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
136 DeclarationNode newnode;
137 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
138 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
139 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
140 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
141 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
142 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
143 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
144 } // if
145 } else { // just SC qualifiers
146 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
147 } // if
148 } // for
149 delete qualifiers;
150} // distQual
151
152// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
153// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
154// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
155// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
156// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
157// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
158// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
159
160void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
161 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
162 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
163 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
164 } // if
165} // rebindForall
166
167NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
168 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
169 delete name;
170 return new_name;
171} // build_postfix_name
172
173DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
174 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
175 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
176 stringstream ss;
177 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
178 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
179 return nullptr;
180 } // if
181 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
182 } // if
183 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
184} // fieldDecl
185
186ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
187 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
188 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
189 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
190 } // if
191 return new ForCtrl(
192 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
193 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
194 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
195 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
196 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
197} // forCtrl
198
199ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
200 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
201 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
202 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
203 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
204 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
205 } else {
206 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); return nullptr;
207 } // if
208 } else {
209 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); return nullptr;
210 } // if
211} // forCtrl
212
213
214bool forall = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
215
216// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
217#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
218if ( N ) { \
219 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
220 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
221 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
222 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
223 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
224} else { \
225 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
226 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
227 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
228}
229%}
230
231%define parse.error verbose
232
233// Types declaration for productions
234%union {
235 Token tok;
236 ParseNode * pn;
237 ExpressionNode * en;
238 DeclarationNode * decl;
239 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
240 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
241 StatementNode * sn;
242 WaitForStmt * wfs;
243 Expression * constant;
244 IfCtrl * ifctl;
245 ForCtrl * fctl;
246 enum OperKinds compop;
247 LabelNode * label;
248 InitializerNode * in;
249 OperKinds op;
250 std::string * str;
251 bool flag;
252 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
253 GenericExpr * genexpr;
254}
255
256//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
257
258// keywords
259%token TYPEDEF
260%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
261%token THREADLOCAL // C11
262%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
263%token NORETURN // C11
264%token CONST VOLATILE
265%token RESTRICT // C99
266%token ATOMIC // C11
267%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL COERCE // CFA
268%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
269%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
270%token INT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
271%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
272%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
273%token VALIST // GCC
274%token TYPEOF BASETYPEOF LABEL // GCC
275%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
276%token EXCEPTION // CFA
277%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
278%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
279%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
280// %token SUSPEND RESUME // CFA
281%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
282%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
283%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
284%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
285%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
286
287// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
288%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
289%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
290%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
291%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
292%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
293// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
294// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
295// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
296%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
297
298// multi-character operators
299%token ARROW // ->
300%token ICR DECR // ++ --
301%token LS RS // << >>
302%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
303%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
304%token ELLIPSIS // ...
305
306%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
307%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
308%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
309%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
310
311%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
312%token ATassign // @=
313
314%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
315%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
316%type<tok> quasi_keyword
317%type<constant> string_literal
318%type<str> string_literal_list
319
320// expressions
321%type<en> constant
322%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
323%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
324%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
325%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
326%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
327%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
328%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
329%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
330%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
331%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
332%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
333%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
334%type<compop> inclexcl
335%type<en> subrange
336%type<decl> asm_name_opt
337%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
338%type<label> label_list
339%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
340%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
341%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
342%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
343
344// statements
345%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
346%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
347%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
348%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
349%type<en> case_value
350%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
351%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
352%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
353%type<sn> with_statement
354%type<en> with_clause_opt
355%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
356%type<catch_kind> handler_key
357%type<sn> mutex_statement
358%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
359%type<sn> waitfor_statement
360%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
361
362// declarations
363%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
364%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
365%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
366
367%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
368%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
369
370%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
371
372%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
373
374%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
375
376%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
377
378%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
379%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
380
381%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
382
383%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
384%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
385
386%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
387
388%type<decl> exception_declaration
389
390%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
391%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
392
393%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
394
395%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
396%type<decl> identifier_list
397
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
399%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
400%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
401
402%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
403
404%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
405%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
406
407%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
408%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
409
410%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
411
412%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
413
414%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
415%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
416%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
419
420%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
421
422%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
423
424%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
425
426%type<tclass> type_class
427%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
428
429%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
430%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
431
432%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
433
434%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
435
436%type<decl> type type_no_function
437%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
438
439%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
440
441%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
442%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
443
444%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
445%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
446
447%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
448
449// initializers
450%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
451
452// designators
453%type<en> designator designator_list designation
454
455
456// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
457// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
458// if ( C ) S1 else S2
459// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
460// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
461
462// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
463// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
464%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
465%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
468
469// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
470// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
471// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
472// Foo ( *fp )( int );
473// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
474// must be:
475// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
476// The same problem occurs here:
477// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
478// must be:
479// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
480
481// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
482%precedence TYPEGENname
483%precedence '}'
484%precedence '('
485
486// %precedence RESUME
487// %precedence '{'
488// %precedence ')'
489
490%locations // support location tracking for error messages
491
492%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
493
494%%
495//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
496
497// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
498// which are lexically identical.
499//
500// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
501// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
502//
503// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
504// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
505// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
506// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
507// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
508//
509// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
510// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
511// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
512// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
513// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
514// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
515// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
516//
517// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
518// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
519// around the list separator.
520//
521// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
522// push pop push pop
523
524push:
525 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
526 ;
527
528pop:
529 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
530 ;
531
532//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
533
534constant:
535 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
536 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
537 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
538 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
539 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
540 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
541 ;
542
543quasi_keyword: // CFA
544 TIMEOUT
545 | WOR
546 ;
547
548no_attr_identifier:
549 IDENTIFIER
550 | quasi_keyword
551 | '@' // CFA
552 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
553 ;
554
555identifier:
556 no_attr_identifier
557 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
558 ;
559
560string_literal:
561 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
562 ;
563
564string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
565 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
566 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
567 {
568 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
569 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
570 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
571 }
572 ;
573
574//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
575
576primary_expression:
577 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
578 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
579 | quasi_keyword
580 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
581 | tuple
582 | '(' comma_expression ')'
583 { $$ = $2; }
584 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
585 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
586 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
587 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
588 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
589 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
590 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
591 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
592 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
593 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
594 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
595 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
596 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
597 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
598 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
599 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
600 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
601 {
602 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
603 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
604 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
605 }
606 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
607 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
608 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
609 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
610 ;
611
612generic_assoc_list: // C11
613 generic_association
614 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
615 {
616 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
617 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
618 delete $3;
619 $$ = $1;
620 }
621 ;
622
623generic_association: // C11
624 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
625 {
626 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
627 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
628 }
629 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
630 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
631 ;
632
633postfix_expression:
634 primary_expression
635 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
636 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
637 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
638 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
639 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
640 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
641 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
642 {
643 Token fn;
644 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
645 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
646 }
647 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
648 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
649 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
650 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
651 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
652 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
653 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
654 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
655 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
656 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
657 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
658 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
659 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
660 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
661 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
662 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
663 | postfix_expression ICR
664 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
665 | postfix_expression DECR
666 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
667 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
668 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
669 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
670 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
671 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
672 {
673 Token fn;
674 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
675 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
676 }
677 ;
678
679argument_expression_list:
680 // empty
681 { $$ = nullptr; }
682 | argument_expression
683 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
684 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
685 ;
686
687argument_expression:
688 '@' // CFA, default parameter
689 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
690 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
691 | assignment_expression
692 ;
693
694field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
695 field
696 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
697 ;
698
699field: // CFA, tuple field selector
700 field_name
701 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
702 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
703 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
704 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
705 | field_name '.' field
706 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
707 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
708 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
709 | field_name ARROW field
710 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
711 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
712 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
713 ;
714
715field_name:
716 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
717 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
718 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
719 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
720 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
721 {
722 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
723 }
724 ;
725
726fraction_constants_opt:
727 // empty
728 { $$ = nullptr; }
729 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
730 {
731 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
732 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
733 }
734 ;
735
736unary_expression:
737 postfix_expression
738 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
739 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
740 | constant
741 | string_literal
742 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
743 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
744 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
745 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
746 // { * X; } // dereference X
747 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
748 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
749 {
750 switch ( $1 ) {
751 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
752 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
753 break;
754 case OperKinds::PointTo:
755 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
756 break;
757 case OperKinds::And:
758 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
759 break;
760 default:
761 assert( false );
762 }
763 }
764 | unary_operator cast_expression
765 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
766 | ICR unary_expression
767 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
768 | DECR unary_expression
769 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
770 | SIZEOF unary_expression
771 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
772 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
773 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
774 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
775 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
776 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
777 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
778 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
779 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
780 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
781 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
782 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
783 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
784 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
785 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
786 ;
787
788ptrref_operator:
789 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
790 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
791 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
792 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
793 ;
794
795unary_operator:
796 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
797 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
798 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
799 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
800 ;
801
802cast_expression:
803 unary_expression
804 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
805 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
806 // keyword cast cannot be grouped because of reduction in aggregate_key
807 | '(' GENERATOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
808 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
809 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
810 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
811 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
812 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
813 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
814 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
815 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
816 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
817 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
818 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
819 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
820 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
821 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
822 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
823 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
824 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
825 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
826// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
827// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
828 ;
829
830qualifier_cast_list:
831 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
832 | cast_modifier MUTEX
833 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
834 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
835 ;
836
837cast_modifier:
838 '-'
839 | '+'
840 ;
841
842exponential_expression:
843 cast_expression
844 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
845 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
846 ;
847
848multiplicative_expression:
849 exponential_expression
850 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
851 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
852 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
853 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
854 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
855 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
856 ;
857
858additive_expression:
859 multiplicative_expression
860 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
861 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
862 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
863 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
864 ;
865
866shift_expression:
867 additive_expression
868 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
869 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
870 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
871 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
872 ;
873
874relational_expression:
875 shift_expression
876 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
877 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
878 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
879 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
880 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
881 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
882 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
883 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
884 ;
885
886equality_expression:
887 relational_expression
888 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
889 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
890 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
891 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
892 ;
893
894AND_expression:
895 equality_expression
896 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
897 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
898 ;
899
900exclusive_OR_expression:
901 AND_expression
902 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
903 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
904 ;
905
906inclusive_OR_expression:
907 exclusive_OR_expression
908 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
909 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
910 ;
911
912logical_AND_expression:
913 inclusive_OR_expression
914 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
915 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
916 ;
917
918logical_OR_expression:
919 logical_AND_expression
920 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
921 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
922 ;
923
924conditional_expression:
925 logical_OR_expression
926 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
927 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
928 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
929 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
930 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
931 ;
932
933constant_expression:
934 conditional_expression
935 ;
936
937assignment_expression:
938 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
939 conditional_expression
940 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
941 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
942 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
943 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
944 ;
945
946assignment_expression_opt:
947 // empty
948 { $$ = nullptr; }
949 | assignment_expression
950 ;
951
952assignment_operator:
953 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
954 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
955 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
956 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
957 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
958 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
959 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
960 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
961 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
962 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
963 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
964 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
965 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
966 ;
967
968tuple: // CFA, tuple
969 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
970 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
971// '[' ']'
972// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
973// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
974// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
975 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
976 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
977 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
978 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $6 ) ) ); }
979 ;
980
981tuple_expression_list:
982 assignment_expression_opt
983 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
984 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
985 ;
986
987comma_expression:
988 assignment_expression
989 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
990 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
991 ;
992
993comma_expression_opt:
994 // empty
995 { $$ = nullptr; }
996 | comma_expression
997 ;
998
999//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
1000
1001statement:
1002 labeled_statement
1003 | compound_statement
1004 | expression_statement
1005 | selection_statement
1006 | iteration_statement
1007 | jump_statement
1008 | with_statement
1009 | mutex_statement
1010 | waitfor_statement
1011 | exception_statement
1012 | enable_disable_statement
1013 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1014 | asm_statement
1015 | DIRECTIVE
1016 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
1017 ;
1018
1019labeled_statement:
1020 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
1021 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1022 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1023 ;
1024
1025compound_statement:
1026 '{' '}'
1027 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1028 | '{' push
1029 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
1030 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1031 pop '}'
1032 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1033 ;
1034
1035statement_decl_list: // C99
1036 statement_decl
1037 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1038 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1039 ;
1040
1041statement_decl:
1042 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1043 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1044 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1045 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1046 | function_definition
1047 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1048 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1049 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1050 | statement
1051 ;
1052
1053statement_list_nodecl:
1054 statement
1055 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1056 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1057 ;
1058
1059expression_statement:
1060 comma_expression_opt ';'
1061 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1062 ;
1063
1064selection_statement:
1065 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1066 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1067 push if_statement pop
1068 { $$ = $2; }
1069 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1070 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1071 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1072 {
1073 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1074 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1075 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1076 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1077 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1078 // statement.
1079 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1080 }
1081 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1082 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1083 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1084 {
1085 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1086 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1087 }
1088 ;
1089
1090if_statement:
1091 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1092 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1093 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
1094 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1095 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
1096 ;
1097
1098if_control_expression:
1099 comma_expression
1100 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1101 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1102 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1103 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1104 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1105 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1106 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1107 ;
1108
1109// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1110// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1111
1112case_value: // CFA
1113 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1114 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1115 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1116 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1117 ;
1118
1119case_value_list: // CFA
1120 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1121 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1122 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1123 ;
1124
1125case_label: // CFA
1126 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1127 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1128 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1129 ;
1130
1131//label_list_opt:
1132// // empty
1133// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1134// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1135// ;
1136
1137case_label_list: // CFA
1138 case_label
1139 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1140 ;
1141
1142case_clause: // CFA
1143 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1144 ;
1145
1146switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1147 // empty
1148 { $$ = nullptr; }
1149 | switch_clause_list
1150 ;
1151
1152switch_clause_list: // CFA
1153 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1154 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1155 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1156 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1157 ;
1158
1159iteration_statement:
1160 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1161 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, $6 ) ); }
1162 | WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1163 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), $4 ) ); }
1164 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1165 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
1166 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1167 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), $2 ) ); }
1168 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression_list ')' statement pop
1169 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1170 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1171 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), $4 ) ); }
1172 ;
1173
1174for_control_expression_list:
1175 for_control_expression
1176 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1177 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1178 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1179 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1180 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1181 {
1182 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1183 if ( $1->condition ) {
1184 if ( $3->condition ) {
1185 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1186 } // if
1187 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1188 if ( $1->change ) {
1189 if ( $3->change ) {
1190 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1191 } // if
1192 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1193 $$ = $1;
1194 }
1195 ;
1196
1197for_control_expression:
1198 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1199 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1200 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1201 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1202 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1203 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1204
1205 | comma_expression // CFA
1206 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1207 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1208 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1209 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1210 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1211 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1212 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1213 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1214 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1215 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1216 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1217 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1218 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1219
1220 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1221 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1222 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1223 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1224 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1225 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1226 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1227 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1228 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1229 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1230 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1231 ;
1232
1233inclexcl:
1234 '~'
1235 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1236 | ErangeUpEq
1237 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1238 | ErangeDown
1239 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1240 | ErangeDownEq
1241 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1242 ;
1243
1244jump_statement:
1245 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1246 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1247 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1248 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1249 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1250 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1251 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1252 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1253 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1254 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1255 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1256 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1257 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1258 | CONTINUE ';'
1259 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1260 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1261 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1262 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1263 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1264 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1265 | BREAK ';'
1266 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1267 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1268 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1269 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1270 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1271 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1272 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1273 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1274 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1275 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1276 // | SUSPEND ';'
1277 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Suspend expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1278 // | SUSPEND compound_statement ';'
1279 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Suspend expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1280 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1281 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1282 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1283 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1284 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1285 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1286 ;
1287
1288fall_through_name: // CFA
1289 FALLTHRU
1290 | FALLTHROUGH
1291 ;
1292
1293with_statement:
1294 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1295 {
1296 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1297 }
1298 ;
1299
1300// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1301mutex_statement:
1302 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1303 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1304 ;
1305
1306when_clause:
1307 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1308 ;
1309
1310when_clause_opt:
1311 // empty
1312 { $$ = nullptr; }
1313 | when_clause
1314 ;
1315
1316waitfor:
1317 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1318 { $$ = $3; }
1319 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1320 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1321 ;
1322
1323timeout:
1324 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1325 ;
1326
1327waitfor_clause:
1328 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1329 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1330 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1331 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1332 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1333 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1334 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1335 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1336 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1337 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1338 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1339 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1340 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1341 ;
1342
1343waitfor_statement:
1344 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1345 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1346 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1347 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1348 ;
1349
1350exception_statement:
1351 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1352 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1353 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1354 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1355 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1356 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1357 ;
1358
1359handler_clause:
1360 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1361 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1362 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1363 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1364 ;
1365
1366handler_predicate_opt:
1367 // empty
1368 { $$ = nullptr; }
1369 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1370 ;
1371
1372handler_key:
1373 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1374 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1375 ;
1376
1377finally_clause:
1378 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1379 ;
1380
1381exception_declaration:
1382 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1383 type_specifier_nobody
1384 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1385 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1386 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1387 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1388 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1389 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1390 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1391 ;
1392
1393enable_disable_statement:
1394 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1395 ;
1396
1397enable_disable_key:
1398 ENABLE
1399 | DISABLE
1400 ;
1401
1402asm_statement:
1403 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1404 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1405 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1406 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1407 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1408 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1409 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1410 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1411 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1412 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1413 ;
1414
1415asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1416 // empty
1417 { $$ = false; }
1418 | VOLATILE
1419 { $$ = true; }
1420 ;
1421
1422asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1423 // empty
1424 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1425 | asm_operands_list
1426 ;
1427
1428asm_operands_list: // GCC
1429 asm_operand
1430 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1431 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1432 ;
1433
1434asm_operand: // GCC
1435 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1436 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1437 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1438 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1439 ;
1440
1441asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1442 // empty
1443 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1444 | string_literal
1445 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1446 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1447 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1448 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1449 ;
1450
1451label_list:
1452 no_attr_identifier
1453 {
1454 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1455 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1456 }
1457 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1458 {
1459 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1460 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1461 }
1462 ;
1463
1464//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1465
1466declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1467 // empty
1468 { $$ = nullptr; }
1469 | declaration_list
1470 ;
1471
1472declaration_list:
1473 declaration
1474 | declaration_list declaration
1475 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1476 ;
1477
1478KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1479 // empty
1480 { $$ = nullptr; }
1481 | KR_parameter_list
1482 ;
1483
1484KR_parameter_list:
1485 push c_declaration pop ';'
1486 { $$ = $2; }
1487 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1488 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1489 ;
1490
1491local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1492 // empty
1493 | local_label_declaration_list
1494 ;
1495
1496local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1497 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1498 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1499 ;
1500
1501local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1502 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1503 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1504 ;
1505
1506declaration: // old & new style declarations
1507 c_declaration ';'
1508 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1509 | static_assert // C11
1510 ;
1511
1512static_assert:
1513 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1514 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1515 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1516 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1517
1518// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1519// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1520// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1521// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1522// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1523// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1524//
1525// CFA C
1526// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1527// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1528
1529cfa_declaration: // CFA
1530 cfa_variable_declaration
1531 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1532 | cfa_function_declaration
1533 | type_declaring_list
1534 | trait_specifier
1535 ;
1536
1537cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1538 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1539 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1540 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1541 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1542 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1543 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1544 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1545 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1546 ;
1547
1548cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1549 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1550 // storage-class
1551 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1552 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1553 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1554 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1555 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1556 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1557 ;
1558
1559cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1560 cfa_function_specifier
1561 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1562 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1563 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1564 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1565 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1566 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1567 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1568 {
1569 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1570 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1571 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1572 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1573 }
1574 ;
1575
1576cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1577// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1578// {
1579// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1580// }
1581// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1582// {
1583// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1584// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1585// }
1586// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1587// {
1588// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1589// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1590// }
1591// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1592 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1593 //
1594 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1595 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1596 //
1597 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1598 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1599 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1600 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1601 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1602 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1603 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1604 ;
1605
1606cfa_function_return: // CFA
1607 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1608 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1609 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1610 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1611 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1612 ;
1613
1614cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1615 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1616 {
1617 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1618 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1619 }
1620 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1621 {
1622 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1623 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1624 }
1625 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1626 {
1627 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1628 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1629 }
1630 ;
1631
1632// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1633// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1634
1635typedef_declaration:
1636 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1637 {
1638 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1639 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1640 }
1641 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1642 {
1643 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1644 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1645 }
1646 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1647 {
1648 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1649 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1650 }
1651 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1652 {
1653 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1654 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1655 }
1656 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1657 {
1658 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1659 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1660 }
1661 ;
1662
1663typedef_expression:
1664 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1665 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1666 {
1667 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1668 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1669 }
1670 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1671 {
1672 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1673 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1674 }
1675 ;
1676
1677//c_declaration:
1678// declaring_list pop ';'
1679// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1680// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1681// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1682// ;
1683//
1684//declaring_list:
1685// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1686// // storage-class
1687// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1688// {
1689// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1690// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1691// }
1692// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1693// {
1694// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1695// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1696// }
1697// ;
1698
1699c_declaration:
1700 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1701 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1702 | typedef_declaration
1703 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1704 | sue_declaration_specifier
1705 ;
1706
1707declaring_list:
1708 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1709 // storage-class
1710 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1711 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1712 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1713 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1714 ;
1715
1716declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1717 basic_declaration_specifier
1718 | sue_declaration_specifier
1719 | type_declaration_specifier
1720 ;
1721
1722declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1723 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1724 //
1725 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1726 //
1727 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1728 basic_declaration_specifier
1729 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1730 | type_declaration_specifier
1731 ;
1732
1733type_specifier: // type specifier
1734 basic_type_specifier
1735 | sue_type_specifier
1736 | type_type_specifier
1737 ;
1738
1739type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1740 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1741 //
1742 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1743 //
1744 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1745 basic_type_specifier
1746 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1747 | type_type_specifier
1748 ;
1749
1750type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1751 // empty
1752 { $$ = nullptr; }
1753 | type_qualifier_list
1754 ;
1755
1756type_qualifier_list:
1757 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1758 //
1759 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1760 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1761 // appeared only once.
1762 type_qualifier
1763 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1764 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1765 ;
1766
1767type_qualifier:
1768 type_qualifier_name
1769 | attribute
1770 ;
1771
1772type_qualifier_name:
1773 CONST
1774 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1775 | RESTRICT
1776 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1777 | VOLATILE
1778 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1779 | ATOMIC
1780 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1781 | forall
1782 ;
1783
1784forall:
1785 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1786 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1787 ;
1788
1789declaration_qualifier_list:
1790 storage_class_list
1791 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1792 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1793 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1794 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1795 ;
1796
1797storage_class_list:
1798 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1799 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1800 //
1801 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1802 // specifiers in a declaration.
1803 storage_class
1804 | storage_class_list storage_class
1805 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1806 ;
1807
1808storage_class:
1809 EXTERN
1810 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1811 | STATIC
1812 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1813 | AUTO
1814 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1815 | REGISTER
1816 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1817 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1818 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1819 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1820 | INLINE // C99
1821 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1822 | FORTRAN // C99
1823 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1824 | NORETURN // C11
1825 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1826 ;
1827
1828basic_type_name:
1829 VOID
1830 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1831 | BOOL // C99
1832 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1833 | CHAR
1834 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1835 | INT
1836 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1837 | INT128
1838 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1839 | FLOAT
1840 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1841 | DOUBLE
1842 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1843 | uuFLOAT80
1844 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1845 | uuFLOAT128
1846 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1847 | uFLOAT16
1848 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1849 | uFLOAT32
1850 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1851 | uFLOAT32X
1852 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1853 | uFLOAT64
1854 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1855 | uFLOAT64X
1856 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1857 | uFLOAT128
1858 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1859 | COMPLEX // C99
1860 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1861 | IMAGINARY // C99
1862 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1863 | SIGNED
1864 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1865 | UNSIGNED
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1867 | SHORT
1868 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1869 | LONG
1870 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1871 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1872 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1873 ;
1874
1875basic_declaration_specifier:
1876 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1877 basic_type_specifier
1878 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1879 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1880 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1881 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1882 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1883 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1884 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1885 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1886 ;
1887
1888basic_type_specifier:
1889 direct_type
1890 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1891 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1892 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1893 ;
1894
1895direct_type:
1896 basic_type_name
1897 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1898 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1899 | direct_type type_qualifier
1900 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1901 | direct_type basic_type_name
1902 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1903 ;
1904
1905indirect_type:
1906 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1907 { $$ = $3; }
1908 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1909 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1910 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1911 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1912 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1913 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1914 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type( x ) y;
1915 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1916 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type( a+b ) y;
1917 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1918 | ZERO_T // CFA
1919 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1920 | ONE_T // CFA
1921 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1922 ;
1923
1924sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1925 sue_type_specifier
1926 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1927 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1928 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1929 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1930 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1931 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1932 ;
1933
1934sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1935 elaborated_type
1936 | type_qualifier_list
1937 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1938 elaborated_type
1939 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1940 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1941 {
1942 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1943 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1944 }
1945 ;
1946
1947sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1948 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1949 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1950 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1951 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1952 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1953 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1954 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1955 ;
1956
1957sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1958 elaborated_type_nobody
1959 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1960 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1961 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1962 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1963 ;
1964
1965type_declaration_specifier:
1966 type_type_specifier
1967 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1968 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1969 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1970 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1971 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1972 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1973 ;
1974
1975type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1976 type_name
1977 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1978 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1979 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1980 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1981 ;
1982
1983type_name:
1984 TYPEDEFname
1985 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1986 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1987 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
1988 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1989 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
1990 | typegen_name
1991 | '.' typegen_name
1992 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
1993 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1994 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
1995 ;
1996
1997typegen_name: // CFA
1998 TYPEGENname
1999 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2000 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2001 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2002 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2003 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
2004 ;
2005
2006elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2007 aggregate_type
2008 | enum_type
2009 ;
2010
2011elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2012 aggregate_type_nobody
2013 | enum_type_nobody
2014 ;
2015
2016fred:
2017 // empty
2018 { yyy = false; }
2019 ;
2020
2021aggregate_type: // struct, union
2022 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2023 { forall = false; } // reset
2024 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2025 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2026 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
2027 {
2028 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2029 forall = false; // reset
2030 }
2031 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2032 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2033 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2034 {
2035 // for type_name can be a qualified type name S.T, in which case only the last name in the chain needs a typedef (other names in the chain should already have one)
2036 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->leafName(), forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2037 forall = false; // reset
2038 }
2039 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2040 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2041 | aggregate_type_nobody
2042 ;
2043
2044type_parameters_opt:
2045 // empty
2046 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2047 | '(' type_list ')'
2048 { $$ = $2; }
2049 ;
2050
2051aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2052 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
2053 {
2054 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2055 forall = false; // reset
2056 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2057 }
2058 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2059 {
2060 forall = false; // reset
2061 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2062 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2063 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2064 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2065 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2066 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2067 delete $3;
2068 }
2069 ;
2070
2071aggregate_key:
2072 STRUCT
2073 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
2074 | UNION
2075 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
2076 | EXCEPTION
2077 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
2078 | GENERATOR
2079 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
2080 | COROUTINE
2081 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
2082 | MONITOR
2083 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
2084 | THREAD
2085 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
2086 ;
2087
2088field_declaration_list_opt:
2089 // empty
2090 { $$ = nullptr; }
2091 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2092 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2093 ;
2094
2095field_declaration:
2096 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2097 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2098 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2099 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2100 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2101 {
2102 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2103 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2104 } // if
2105 $3->inLine = true;
2106 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2107 distInl( $3 );
2108 }
2109 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2110 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2111 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2112 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2113 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2114 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2115 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2116 | static_assert // C11
2117 ;
2118
2119field_declaring_list_opt:
2120 // empty
2121 { $$ = nullptr; }
2122 | field_declarator
2123 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2124 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2125 ;
2126
2127field_declarator:
2128 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2129 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2130 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2131 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2132 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2133 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2134 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2135 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2136 ;
2137
2138field_abstract_list_opt:
2139 // empty
2140 { $$ = nullptr; }
2141 | field_abstract
2142 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2143 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2144 ;
2145
2146field_abstract:
2147 // no bit fields
2148 variable_abstract_declarator
2149 ;
2150
2151cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2152 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2153 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2154 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2155 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2156 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2157 ;
2158
2159cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2160 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2161 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2162 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2163 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2164 ;
2165
2166bit_subrange_size_opt:
2167 // empty
2168 { $$ = nullptr; }
2169 | bit_subrange_size
2170 ;
2171
2172bit_subrange_size:
2173 ':' assignment_expression
2174 { $$ = $2; }
2175 ;
2176
2177enum_type: // enum
2178 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2179 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2180 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
2181 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2182 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2183 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2184 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2185 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2186 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2187 | enum_type_nobody
2188 ;
2189
2190enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2191 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
2192 {
2193 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
2194 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2195 }
2196 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2197 {
2198 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
2199 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2200 }
2201 ;
2202
2203enumerator_list:
2204 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2205 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2206 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2207 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2208 ;
2209
2210enumerator_value_opt:
2211 // empty
2212 { $$ = nullptr; }
2213 | '=' constant_expression
2214 { $$ = $2; }
2215 ;
2216
2217cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2218 // empty
2219 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2220 | ELLIPSIS
2221 { $$ = nullptr; }
2222 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2223 | cfa_parameter_list
2224 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2225 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2226 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2227 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2228 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2229 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2230 ;
2231
2232cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2233 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2234 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2235 cfa_parameter_declaration
2236 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2237 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2238 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2239 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2240 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2241 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2242 ;
2243
2244cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2245 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2246 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2247 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2248 ;
2249
2250parameter_type_list_opt:
2251 // empty
2252 { $$ = nullptr; }
2253 | ELLIPSIS
2254 { $$ = nullptr; }
2255 | parameter_list
2256 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2257 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2258 ;
2259
2260parameter_list: // abstract + real
2261 abstract_parameter_declaration
2262 | parameter_declaration
2263 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2264 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2265 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2266 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2267 ;
2268
2269// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2270// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2271
2272cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2273 parameter_declaration
2274 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2275 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2276 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2277 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2278 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2279 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2280 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2281 | cfa_function_specifier
2282 ;
2283
2284cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2285 abstract_parameter_declaration
2286 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2287 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2288 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2289 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2290 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2291 | cfa_abstract_function
2292 ;
2293
2294parameter_declaration:
2295 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2296 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2297 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2298 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2299 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2300 ;
2301
2302abstract_parameter_declaration:
2303 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2304 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2305 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2306 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2307 ;
2308
2309// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2310// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2311// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2312
2313identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2314 no_attr_identifier
2315 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2316 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2317 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2318 ;
2319
2320identifier_or_type_name:
2321 identifier
2322 | TYPEDEFname
2323 | TYPEGENname
2324 ;
2325
2326no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2327 no_attr_identifier
2328 | TYPEDEFname
2329 | TYPEGENname
2330 ;
2331
2332type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2333 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2334 | type_specifier
2335 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2336 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2337 ;
2338
2339type: // typeof, assertion
2340 type_no_function
2341 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2342 ;
2343
2344initializer_opt:
2345 // empty
2346 { $$ = nullptr; }
2347 | '=' initializer
2348 { $$ = $2; }
2349 | '=' VOID
2350 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2351 | ATassign initializer
2352 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2353 ;
2354
2355initializer:
2356 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2357 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2358 ;
2359
2360initializer_list_opt:
2361 // empty
2362 { $$ = nullptr; }
2363 | initializer
2364 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2365 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2366 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2367 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2368 ;
2369
2370// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2371// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2372//
2373// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2374//
2375// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2376// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2377// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2378// shift/reduce conflicts
2379
2380designation:
2381 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2382 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2383 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2384 ;
2385
2386designator_list: // C99
2387 designator
2388 | designator_list designator
2389 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2390 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2391 ;
2392
2393designator:
2394 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2395 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2396 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2397 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2398 { $$ = $3; }
2399 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2400 { $$ = $3; }
2401 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2402 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2403 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2404 { $$ = $4; }
2405 ;
2406
2407// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2408// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2409//
2410// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2411//
2412// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2413// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2414// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2415//
2416// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2417// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2418//
2419// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2420// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2421// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2422// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2423// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2424
2425type_parameter_list: // CFA
2426 type_parameter
2427 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2428 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2429 ;
2430
2431type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2432 // empty
2433 { $$ = nullptr; }
2434 | '=' type
2435 { $$ = $2; }
2436 ;
2437
2438type_parameter: // CFA
2439 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2440 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2441 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2442 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2443 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2444 | assertion_list
2445 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2446 ;
2447
2448type_class: // CFA
2449 OTYPE
2450 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2451 | DTYPE
2452 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2453 | FTYPE
2454 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2455 | TTYPE
2456 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2457 ;
2458
2459assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2460 // empty
2461 { $$ = nullptr; }
2462 | assertion_list
2463 ;
2464
2465assertion_list: // CFA
2466 assertion
2467 | assertion_list assertion
2468 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2469 ;
2470
2471assertion: // CFA
2472 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2473 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2474 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2475 { $$ = $4; }
2476 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2477 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2478 ;
2479
2480type_list: // CFA
2481 type
2482 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2483 | assignment_expression
2484 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $1->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2485 | type_list ',' type
2486 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2487 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2488 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $3->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2489 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2490 ;
2491
2492type_declaring_list: // CFA
2493 OTYPE type_declarator
2494 { $$ = $2; }
2495 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2496 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2497 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2498 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2499 ;
2500
2501type_declarator: // CFA
2502 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2503 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2504 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2505 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2506 ;
2507
2508type_declarator_name: // CFA
2509 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2510 {
2511 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2512 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2513 }
2514 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2515 {
2516 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2517 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2518 }
2519 ;
2520
2521trait_specifier: // CFA
2522 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2523 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2524 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2525 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2526 ;
2527
2528trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2529 trait_declaration
2530 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2531 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2532 ;
2533
2534trait_declaration: // CFA
2535 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2536 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2537 ;
2538
2539cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2540 cfa_variable_specifier
2541 | cfa_function_specifier
2542 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2543 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2544 ;
2545
2546trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2547 type_specifier declarator
2548 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2549 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2550 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2551 ;
2552
2553//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2554
2555translation_unit:
2556 // empty, input file
2557 | external_definition_list
2558 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2559 ;
2560
2561external_definition_list:
2562 push external_definition pop
2563 { $$ = $2; }
2564 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2565 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2566 ;
2567
2568external_definition_list_opt:
2569 // empty
2570 { $$ = nullptr; }
2571 | external_definition_list
2572 ;
2573
2574up:
2575 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2576 ;
2577
2578down:
2579 { typedefTable.down(); }
2580 ;
2581
2582external_definition:
2583 declaration
2584 | external_function_definition
2585 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2586 {
2587 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2588 $$ = $2;
2589 }
2590 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2591 {
2592 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2593 }
2594 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2595 {
2596 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2597 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2598 }
2599 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2600 {
2601 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2602 linkageStack.pop();
2603 $$ = $6;
2604 }
2605 | type_qualifier_list
2606 {
2607 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2608 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2609 }
2610 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2611 {
2612 distQual( $5, $1 );
2613 forall = false;
2614 $$ = $5;
2615 }
2616 | declaration_qualifier_list
2617 {
2618 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2619 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2620 }
2621 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2622 {
2623 distQual( $5, $1 );
2624 forall = false;
2625 $$ = $5;
2626 }
2627 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2628 {
2629 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2630 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2631 }
2632 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2633 {
2634 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2635 forall = false;
2636 $$ = $6;
2637 }
2638 ;
2639
2640external_function_definition:
2641 function_definition
2642 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2643 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2644 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2645 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2646 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2647 | function_declarator compound_statement
2648 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2649 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2650 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2651 ;
2652
2653with_clause_opt:
2654 // empty
2655 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2656 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2657 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2658 ;
2659
2660function_definition:
2661 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2662 {
2663 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2664 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2665 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2666 $$ = $1;
2667 }
2668 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2669 {
2670 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2671 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2672 }
2673 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2674 {
2675 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2676 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2677 }
2678 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2679 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2680 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2681 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2682 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2683 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2684 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2685 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2686 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2687
2688 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2689 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2690 {
2691 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2692 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2693 }
2694 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2695 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2696 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2697 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2698 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2699 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2700 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2701 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2702 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2703 ;
2704
2705declarator:
2706 variable_declarator
2707 | variable_type_redeclarator
2708 | function_declarator
2709 ;
2710
2711subrange:
2712 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2713 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2714 ;
2715
2716asm_name_opt: // GCC
2717 // empty
2718 { $$ = nullptr; }
2719 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2720 {
2721 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2722 name->asmName = $3;
2723 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2724 }
2725 ;
2726
2727attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2728 // empty
2729 { $$ = nullptr; }
2730 | attribute_list
2731 ;
2732
2733attribute_list: // GCC
2734 attribute
2735 | attribute_list attribute
2736 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2737 ;
2738
2739attribute: // GCC
2740 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2741 { $$ = $4; }
2742 ;
2743
2744attribute_name_list: // GCC
2745 attribute_name
2746 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2747 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2748 ;
2749
2750attribute_name: // GCC
2751 // empty
2752 { $$ = nullptr; }
2753 | attr_name
2754 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2755 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2756 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2757 ;
2758
2759attr_name: // GCC
2760 IDENTIFIER
2761 | quasi_keyword
2762 | TYPEDEFname
2763 | TYPEGENname
2764 | FALLTHROUGH
2765 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2766 | CONST
2767 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2768 ;
2769
2770// ============================================================================
2771// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2772// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2773// in:
2774//
2775// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2776// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2777//
2778// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2779// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2780// ============================================================================
2781
2782// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2783// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2784// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2785//
2786// valid declaration invalid definition
2787// ----------------- ------------------
2788// int f; int f {}
2789// int *f; int *f {}
2790// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2791// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2792//
2793// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2794// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2795// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2796
2797// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2798// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2799
2800variable_declarator:
2801 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2802 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2803 | variable_ptr
2804 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2805 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2806 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2807 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2808 ;
2809
2810paren_identifier:
2811 identifier
2812 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2813 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2814 { $$ = $2; }
2815 ;
2816
2817variable_ptr:
2818 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2819 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2820 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2821 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2822 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2823 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2824 ;
2825
2826variable_array:
2827 paren_identifier array_dimension
2828 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2829 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2830 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2831 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2832 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2833 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2834 { $$ = $2; }
2835 ;
2836
2837variable_function:
2838 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2839 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2840 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2841 { $$ = $2; }
2842 ;
2843
2844// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2845// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2846// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2847
2848function_declarator:
2849 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2850 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2851 | function_ptr
2852 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2853 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2854 ;
2855
2856function_no_ptr:
2857 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2858 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2859 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2860 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2861 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2862 { $$ = $2; }
2863 ;
2864
2865function_ptr:
2866 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2867 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2868 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2869 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2870 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2871 { $$ = $2; }
2872 ;
2873
2874function_array:
2875 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2876 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2877 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2878 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2879 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2880 { $$ = $2; }
2881 ;
2882
2883// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2884//
2885// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2886//
2887// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2888// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2889
2890KR_function_declarator:
2891 KR_function_no_ptr
2892 | KR_function_ptr
2893 | KR_function_array
2894 ;
2895
2896KR_function_no_ptr:
2897 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2898 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2899 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2900 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2901 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2902 { $$ = $2; }
2903 ;
2904
2905KR_function_ptr:
2906 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2907 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2908 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2909 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2910 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2911 { $$ = $2; }
2912 ;
2913
2914KR_function_array:
2915 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2916 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2917 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2918 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2919 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2920 { $$ = $2; }
2921 ;
2922
2923// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2924//
2925// typedef int foo;
2926// {
2927// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2928// }
2929//
2930// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2931// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2932
2933variable_type_redeclarator:
2934 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2935 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2936 | type_ptr
2937 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2938 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2939 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2940 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2941 ;
2942
2943paren_type:
2944 typedef
2945 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2946 {
2947 // if ( ! typedefTable.existsCurr( *$1->name ) ) {
2948 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
2949 // } else {
2950 // SemanticError( yylloc, string("'") + *$1->name + "' redeclared as different kind of symbol." ); $$ = nullptr;
2951 // } // if
2952 }
2953 | '(' paren_type ')'
2954 { $$ = $2; }
2955 ;
2956
2957type_ptr:
2958 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2959 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2960 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2961 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2962 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2963 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2964 ;
2965
2966type_array:
2967 paren_type array_dimension
2968 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2969 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2970 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2971 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2972 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2973 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2974 { $$ = $2; }
2975 ;
2976
2977type_function:
2978 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2979 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2980 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2981 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2982 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2983 { $$ = $2; }
2984 ;
2985
2986// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2987// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2988// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2989// pointers to arrays and functions.
2990
2991identifier_parameter_declarator:
2992 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2993 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2994 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2995 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2996 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2997 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2998 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2999 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3000 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3001 ;
3002
3003identifier_parameter_ptr:
3004 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3005 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3006 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3007 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3008 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3009 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3010 ;
3011
3012identifier_parameter_array:
3013 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3014 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3015 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3016 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3017 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3018 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3019 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3020 { $$ = $2; }
3021 ;
3022
3023identifier_parameter_function:
3024 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3025 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3026 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3027 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3028 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3029 { $$ = $2; }
3030 ;
3031
3032// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3033// e.g.:
3034//
3035// typedef int foo;
3036// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3037// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3038//
3039// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3040
3041type_parameter_redeclarator:
3042 typedef attribute_list_opt
3043 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3044 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
3045 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3046 | type_parameter_ptr
3047 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3048 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3049 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3050 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3051 ;
3052
3053typedef:
3054 TYPEDEFname
3055 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3056 | TYPEGENname
3057 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3058 ;
3059
3060type_parameter_ptr:
3061 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3062 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3063 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3064 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3065 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3066 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3067 ;
3068
3069type_parameter_array:
3070 typedef array_parameter_dimension
3071 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3072 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3073 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3074 ;
3075
3076type_parameter_function:
3077 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3078 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3079 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3080 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3081 ;
3082
3083// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3084// which the type applies, e.g.:
3085//
3086// sizeof( int );
3087// sizeof( int * );
3088// sizeof( int [10] );
3089// sizeof( int (*)() );
3090// sizeof( int () );
3091//
3092// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3093// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3094
3095abstract_declarator:
3096 abstract_ptr
3097 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3098 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3099 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3100 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3101 ;
3102
3103abstract_ptr:
3104 ptrref_operator
3105 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3106 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3107 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3108 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3109 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3110 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3111 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3112 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3113 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3114 ;
3115
3116abstract_array:
3117 array_dimension
3118 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3119 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3120 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3121 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3122 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3123 { $$ = $2; }
3124 ;
3125
3126abstract_function:
3127 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3128 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3129 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3130 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3131 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3132 { $$ = $2; }
3133 ;
3134
3135array_dimension:
3136 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3137 '[' ']'
3138 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3139 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3140 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3141 | multi_array_dimension
3142 ;
3143
3144multi_array_dimension:
3145 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3146 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3147 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3148 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3149 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3150 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3151 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3152 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3153 ;
3154
3155// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3156// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3157//
3158// int f( int ); // not handled here
3159// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3160// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3161// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3162//
3163// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3164// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3165// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3166//
3167// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3168// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3169// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3170//
3171// For example:
3172//
3173// typedef float T;
3174// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3175// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3176// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3177// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3178//
3179// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3180// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3181// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3182// functions.
3183
3184abstract_parameter_declarator:
3185 abstract_parameter_ptr
3186 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3187 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3188 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3189 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3190 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3191 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3192 ;
3193
3194abstract_parameter_ptr:
3195 ptrref_operator
3196 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3197 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3198 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3199 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3200 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3201 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3202 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3203 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3204 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3205 ;
3206
3207abstract_parameter_array:
3208 array_parameter_dimension
3209 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3210 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3211 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3212 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3213 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3214 { $$ = $2; }
3215 ;
3216
3217abstract_parameter_function:
3218 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3219 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3220 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3221 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3222 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3223 { $$ = $2; }
3224 ;
3225
3226array_parameter_dimension:
3227 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3228 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3229 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3230 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3231 | multi_array_dimension
3232 ;
3233
3234// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3235//
3236// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3237// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3238
3239array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3240 '[' ']'
3241 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3242 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3243 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3244 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3245 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3246 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3247 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3248 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3249 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3250 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3251 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3252 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3253 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3254 ;
3255
3256// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3257//
3258// struct S {
3259// int;
3260// int *;
3261// int [10];
3262// int (*)();
3263// };
3264
3265variable_abstract_declarator:
3266 variable_abstract_ptr
3267 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3268 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3269 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3270 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3271 ;
3272
3273variable_abstract_ptr:
3274 ptrref_operator
3275 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3276 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3277 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3278 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3279 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3280 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3281 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3282 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3283 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3284 ;
3285
3286variable_abstract_array:
3287 array_dimension
3288 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3289 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3290 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3291 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3292 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3293 { $$ = $2; }
3294 ;
3295
3296variable_abstract_function:
3297 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3298 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3299 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3300 { $$ = $2; }
3301 ;
3302
3303// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3304// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3305
3306cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3307 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3308 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3309 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3310 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3311 ;
3312
3313cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3314 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3315 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3316 ;
3317
3318cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3319 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3320 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3321 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3322 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3323 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3324 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3325 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3326 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3327 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3328 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3329 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3330 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3331 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3332 ;
3333
3334cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3335 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3336 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3337 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3338 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3339 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3340 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3341 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3342 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3343 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3344 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3345 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3346 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3347
3348 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3349 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3350 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3351 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3352 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3353 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3354 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3355 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3356 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3357 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3358 ;
3359
3360cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3361 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3362 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3363 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3364 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3365 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3366 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3367 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3368 // appear in this context.
3369 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3370 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3371 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3372 ;
3373
3374// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3375// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3376//
3377// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3378// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3379//
3380// These rules need LR(3):
3381//
3382// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3383// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3384//
3385// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3386//
3387// [int, int] t;
3388// [int, int] f( int );
3389//
3390// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3391// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3392// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3393// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3394
3395cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3396 cfa_abstract_tuple
3397 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3398 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3399 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3400 ;
3401
3402cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3403 cfa_abstract_ptr
3404 | cfa_abstract_array
3405 ;
3406
3407cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3408 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3409 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3410 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3411 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3412 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3413 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3414 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3415 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3416 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3417 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3418 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3419 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3420 ;
3421
3422cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3423 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3424 // empty (void) function return type.
3425 '[' ']' type_specifier
3426 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3427 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3428 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3429 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3430 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3431 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3432 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3433 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3434 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3435 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3436 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3437 ;
3438
3439cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3440 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3441 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3442 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3443 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3444 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3445 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3446 ;
3447
3448cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3449// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3450// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3451 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3452 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3453 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3454 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3455 ;
3456
3457// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3458// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3459//
3460// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3461// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3462//
3463// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3464// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3465//
3466// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3467// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3468
3469//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3470
3471comma_opt: // redundant comma
3472 // empty
3473 | ','
3474 ;
3475
3476default_initialize_opt:
3477 // empty
3478 { $$ = nullptr; }
3479 | '=' assignment_expression
3480 { $$ = $2; }
3481 ;
3482
3483%%
3484
3485// ----end of grammar----
3486
3487// Local Variables: //
3488// mode: c++ //
3489// tab-width: 4 //
3490// compile-command: "make install" //
3491// End: //
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