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source: src/GenPoly/Box.cc @ 1aa4b71

ADTaaron-thesisarm-ehast-experimentalcleanup-dtorsdeferred_resndemanglerenumforall-pointer-decayjacob/cs343-translationjenkins-sandboxnew-astnew-ast-unique-exprnew-envno_listpersistent-indexerpthread-emulationqualifiedEnumresolv-newwith_gc

Last change on this file since 1aa4b71 was cce9429, checked in by Rob Schluntz <rschlunt@…>, 7 years ago
fix function return type in Validate and add single return decl, construct the return decl, fix polymorphic functions to use the return decl
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 99.0 KB

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1	//
2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3	//
4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6	//
7	// Box.cc --
8	//
9	// Author : Richard C. Bilson
10	// Created On : Mon May 18 07:44:20 2015
11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12	// Last Modified On : Wed Jun 29 21:43:03 2016
13	// Update Count : 296
14	//
15
16	#include <algorithm>
17	#include <iterator>
18	#include <list>
19	#include <map>
20	#include <set>
21	#include <stack>
22	#include <string>
23	#include <utility>
24	#include <vector>
25	#include <cassert>
26
27	#include "Box.h"
28	#include "DeclMutator.h"
29	#include "PolyMutator.h"
30	#include "FindFunction.h"
31	#include "ScopedSet.h"
32	#include "ScrubTyVars.h"
33
34	#include "Parser/ParseNode.h"
35
36	#include "SynTree/Constant.h"
37	#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
38	#include "SynTree/Expression.h"
39	#include "SynTree/Initializer.h"
40	#include "SynTree/Mutator.h"
41	#include "SynTree/Statement.h"
42	#include "SynTree/Type.h"
43	#include "SynTree/TypeSubstitution.h"
44
45	#include "ResolvExpr/TypeEnvironment.h"
46	#include "ResolvExpr/TypeMap.h"
47	#include "ResolvExpr/typeops.h"
48
49	#include "SymTab/Indexer.h"
50	#include "SymTab/Mangler.h"
51
52	#include "Common/ScopedMap.h"
53	#include "Common/SemanticError.h"
54	#include "Common/UniqueName.h"
55	#include "Common/utility.h"
56
57	#include <ext/functional> // temporary
58
59	namespace GenPoly {
60	namespace {
61	const std::list<Label> noLabels;
62
63	FunctionType makeAdapterType( FunctionType adaptee, const TyVarMap &tyVars );
64
65	/// Adds layout-generation functions to polymorphic types
66	class LayoutFunctionBuilder final : public DeclMutator {
67	unsigned int functionNesting; // current level of nested functions
68	public:
69	LayoutFunctionBuilder() : functionNesting( 0 ) {}
70
71	using DeclMutator::mutate;
72	virtual DeclarationWithType mutate( FunctionDecl functionDecl ) override;
73	virtual Declaration mutate( StructDecl structDecl ) override;
74	virtual Declaration mutate( UnionDecl unionDecl ) override;
75	};
76
77	/// Replaces polymorphic return types with out-parameters, replaces calls to polymorphic functions with adapter calls as needed, and adds appropriate type variables to the function call
78	class Pass1 final : public PolyMutator {
79	public:
80	Pass1();
81
82	using PolyMutator::mutate;
83	virtual Expression mutate( ApplicationExpr appExpr ) override;
84	virtual Expression mutate( AddressExpr addrExpr ) override;
85	virtual Expression mutate( UntypedExpr expr ) override;
86	virtual DeclarationWithType* mutate( FunctionDecl *functionDecl ) override;
87	virtual TypeDecl mutate( TypeDecl typeDecl ) override;
88	virtual Expression mutate( CommaExpr commaExpr ) override;
89	virtual Expression mutate( ConditionalExpr condExpr ) override;
90	virtual Statement * mutate( ReturnStmt *returnStmt ) override;
91	virtual Type mutate( PointerType pointerType ) override;
92	virtual Type * mutate( FunctionType *functionType ) override;
93
94	virtual void doBeginScope() override;
95	virtual void doEndScope() override;
96	private:
97	/// Pass the extra type parameters from polymorphic generic arguments or return types into a function application
98	void passArgTypeVars( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type parmType, Type argBaseType, std::list< Expression >::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars, std::set< std::string > &seenTypes );
99	/// passes extra type parameters into a polymorphic function application
100	void passTypeVars( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type polyRetType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars );
101	/// wraps a function application with a new temporary for the out-parameter return value
102	Expression addRetParam( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, Type retType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg );
103	/// Replaces all the type parameters of a generic type with their concrete equivalents under the current environment
104	void replaceParametersWithConcrete( ApplicationExpr appExpr, std::list< Expression >& params );
105	/// Replaces a polymorphic type with its concrete equivalant under the current environment (returns itself if concrete).
106	/// If `doClone` is set to false, will not clone interior types
107	Type replaceWithConcrete( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type *type, bool doClone = true );
108	/// wraps a function application returning a polymorphic type with a new temporary for the out-parameter return value
109	Expression addDynRetParam( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, Type polyType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg );
110	Expression applyAdapter( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, std::list< Expression >::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars );
111	void boxParam( Type formal, Expression &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars );
112	void boxParams( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars );
113	void addInferredParams( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType functionType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &tyVars );
114	/// Stores assignment operators from assertion list in local map of assignment operations
115	void findTypeOps( const Type::ForallList &forall );
116	void passAdapters( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType functionType, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars );
117	FunctionDecl makeAdapter( FunctionType adaptee, FunctionType *realType, const std::string &mangleName, const TyVarMap &tyVars );
118	/// Replaces intrinsic operator functions with their arithmetic desugaring
119	Expression handleIntrinsics( ApplicationExpr appExpr );
120	/// Inserts a new temporary variable into the current scope with an auto-generated name
121	ObjectDecl makeTemporary( Type type );
122
123	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType* > assignOps; ///< Currently known type variable assignment operators
124	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType* > ctorOps; ///< Currently known type variable constructors
125	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType* > copyOps; ///< Currently known type variable copy constructors
126	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType* > dtorOps; ///< Currently known type variable destructors
127	ResolvExpr::TypeMap< DeclarationWithType > scopedAssignOps; ///< Currently known assignment operators
128	ResolvExpr::TypeMap< DeclarationWithType > scopedCtorOps; ///< Currently known assignment operators
129	ResolvExpr::TypeMap< DeclarationWithType > scopedCopyOps; ///< Currently known assignment operators
130	ResolvExpr::TypeMap< DeclarationWithType > scopedDtorOps; ///< Currently known assignment operators
131	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType* > adapters; ///< Set of adapter functions in the current scope
132
133	std::map< ApplicationExpr , Expression > retVals;
134
135	DeclarationWithType *retval;
136	UniqueName tempNamer;
137	};
138
139	/// * Moves polymorphic returns in function types to pointer-type parameters
140	/// * adds type size and assertion parameters to parameter lists
141	class Pass2 final : public PolyMutator {
142	public:
143	template< typename DeclClass >
144	DeclClass handleDecl( DeclClass decl, Type *type );
145
146	using PolyMutator::mutate;
147	virtual DeclarationWithType mutate( FunctionDecl functionDecl ) override;
148	virtual ObjectDecl mutate( ObjectDecl objectDecl ) override;
149	virtual TypeDecl mutate( TypeDecl typeDecl ) override;
150	virtual TypedefDecl mutate( TypedefDecl typedefDecl ) override;
151	virtual Type mutate( PointerType pointerType ) override;
152	virtual Type mutate( FunctionType funcType ) override;
153
154	private:
155	void addAdapters( FunctionType *functionType );
156
157	std::map< UniqueId, std::string > adapterName;
158	};
159
160	/// Replaces member and size/align/offsetof expressions on polymorphic generic types with calculated expressions.
161	/// * Replaces member expressions for polymorphic types with calculated add-field-offset-and-dereference
162	/// * Calculates polymorphic offsetof expressions from offset array
163	/// * Inserts dynamic calculation of polymorphic type layouts where needed
164	class PolyGenericCalculator final : public PolyMutator {
165	public:
166	typedef PolyMutator Parent;
167	using Parent::mutate;
168
169	template< typename DeclClass >
170	DeclClass handleDecl( DeclClass decl, Type *type );
171	virtual DeclarationWithType mutate( FunctionDecl functionDecl ) override;
172	virtual ObjectDecl mutate( ObjectDecl objectDecl ) override;
173	virtual TypedefDecl mutate( TypedefDecl objectDecl ) override;
174	virtual TypeDecl mutate( TypeDecl objectDecl ) override;
175	virtual Statement mutate( DeclStmt declStmt ) override;
176	virtual Type mutate( PointerType pointerType ) override;
177	virtual Type mutate( FunctionType funcType ) override;
178	virtual Expression mutate( MemberExpr memberExpr ) override;
179	virtual Expression mutate( SizeofExpr sizeofExpr ) override;
180	virtual Expression mutate( AlignofExpr alignofExpr ) override;
181	virtual Expression mutate( OffsetofExpr offsetofExpr ) override;
182	virtual Expression mutate( OffsetPackExpr offsetPackExpr ) override;
183
184	virtual void doBeginScope() override;
185	virtual void doEndScope() override;
186
187	private:
188	/// Makes a new variable in the current scope with the given name, type & optional initializer
189	ObjectDecl makeVar( const std::string &name, Type type, Initializer *init = 0 );
190	/// returns true if the type has a dynamic layout; such a layout will be stored in appropriately-named local variables when the function returns
191	bool findGeneric( Type *ty );
192	/// adds type parameters to the layout call; will generate the appropriate parameters if needed
193	void addOtypeParamsToLayoutCall( UntypedExpr layoutCall, const std::list< Type > &otypeParams );
194
195	/// Enters a new scope for type-variables, adding the type variables from ty
196	void beginTypeScope( Type *ty );
197	/// Exits the type-variable scope
198	void endTypeScope();
199
200	ScopedSet< std::string > knownLayouts; ///< Set of generic type layouts known in the current scope, indexed by sizeofName
201	ScopedSet< std::string > knownOffsets; ///< Set of non-generic types for which the offset array exists in the current scope, indexed by offsetofName
202	};
203
204	/// Replaces initialization of polymorphic values with alloca, declaration of dtype/ftype with appropriate void expression, and sizeof expressions of polymorphic types with the proper variable
205	class Pass3 final : public PolyMutator {
206	public:
207	template< typename DeclClass >
208	DeclClass handleDecl( DeclClass decl, Type *type );
209
210	using PolyMutator::mutate;
211	virtual DeclarationWithType mutate( FunctionDecl functionDecl ) override;
212	virtual ObjectDecl mutate( ObjectDecl objectDecl ) override;
213	virtual TypedefDecl mutate( TypedefDecl objectDecl ) override;
214	virtual TypeDecl mutate( TypeDecl objectDecl ) override;
215	virtual Type mutate( PointerType pointerType ) override;
216	virtual Type mutate( FunctionType funcType ) override;
217	private:
218	};
219
220	} // anonymous namespace
221
222	/// version of mutateAll with special handling for translation unit so you can check the end of the prelude when debugging
223	template< typename MutatorType >
224	inline void mutateTranslationUnit( std::list< Declaration* > &translationUnit, MutatorType &mutator ) {
225	bool seenIntrinsic = false;
226	SemanticError errors;
227	for ( typename std::list< Declaration* >::iterator i = translationUnit.begin(); i != translationUnit.end(); ++i ) {
228	try {
229	if ( *i ) {
230	if ( (*i)->get_linkage() == LinkageSpec::Intrinsic ) {
231	seenIntrinsic = true;
232	} else if ( seenIntrinsic ) {
233	seenIntrinsic = false; // break on this line when debugging for end of prelude
234	}
235
236	i = dynamic_cast< Declaration >( (*i)->acceptMutator( mutator ) );
237	assert( *i );
238	} // if
239	} catch( SemanticError &e ) {
240	errors.append( e );
241	} // try
242	} // for
243	if ( ! errors.isEmpty() ) {
244	throw errors;
245	} // if
246	}
247
248	void box( std::list< Declaration *>& translationUnit ) {
249	LayoutFunctionBuilder layoutBuilder;
250	Pass1 pass1;
251	Pass2 pass2;
252	PolyGenericCalculator polyCalculator;
253	Pass3 pass3;
254
255	layoutBuilder.mutateDeclarationList( translationUnit );
256	mutateTranslationUnit/All/( translationUnit, pass1 );
257	mutateTranslationUnit/All/( translationUnit, pass2 );
258	mutateTranslationUnit/All/( translationUnit, polyCalculator );
259	mutateTranslationUnit/All/( translationUnit, pass3 );
260	}
261
262	////////////////////////////////// LayoutFunctionBuilder ////////////////////////////////////////////
263
264	DeclarationWithType LayoutFunctionBuilder::mutate( FunctionDecl functionDecl ) {
265	functionDecl->set_functionType( maybeMutate( functionDecl->get_functionType(), *this ) );
266	mutateAll( functionDecl->get_oldDecls(), *this );
267	++functionNesting;
268	functionDecl->set_statements( maybeMutate( functionDecl->get_statements(), *this ) );
269	--functionNesting;
270	return functionDecl;
271	}
272
273	/// Get a list of type declarations that will affect a layout function
274	std::list< TypeDecl* > takeOtypeOnly( std::list< TypeDecl* > &decls ) {
275	std::list< TypeDecl * > otypeDecls;
276
277	for ( std::list< TypeDecl* >::const_iterator decl = decls.begin(); decl != decls.end(); ++decl ) {
278	if ( (*decl)->isComplete() ) {
279	otypeDecls.push_back( *decl );
280	}
281	}
282
283	return otypeDecls;
284	}
285
286	/// Adds parameters for otype layout to a function type
287	void addOtypeParams( FunctionType layoutFnType, std::list< TypeDecl > &otypeParams ) {
288	BasicType sizeAlignType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt );
289
290	for ( std::list< TypeDecl* >::const_iterator param = otypeParams.begin(); param != otypeParams.end(); ++param ) {
291	TypeInstType paramType( Type::Qualifiers(), (param)->get_name(), param );
292	std::string paramName = mangleType( &paramType );
293	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( new ObjectDecl( sizeofName( paramName ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignType.clone(), 0 ) );
294	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( new ObjectDecl( alignofName( paramName ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignType.clone(), 0 ) );
295	}
296	}
297
298	/// Builds a layout function declaration
299	FunctionDecl buildLayoutFunctionDecl( AggregateDecl typeDecl, unsigned int functionNesting, FunctionType *layoutFnType ) {
300	// Routines at global scope marked "static" to prevent multiple definitions is separate translation units
301	// because each unit generates copies of the default routines for each aggregate.
302	FunctionDecl *layoutDecl = new FunctionDecl(
303	layoutofName( typeDecl ), functionNesting > 0 ? DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass : DeclarationNode::Static, LinkageSpec::AutoGen, layoutFnType, new CompoundStmt( noLabels ), true, false );
304	layoutDecl->fixUniqueId();
305	return layoutDecl;
306	}
307
308	/// Makes a unary operation
309	Expression makeOp( const std::string &name, Expression arg ) {
310	UntypedExpr *expr = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( name ) );
311	expr->get_args().push_back( arg );
312	return expr;
313	}
314
315	/// Makes a binary operation
316	Expression makeOp( const std::string &name, Expression lhs, Expression *rhs ) {
317	UntypedExpr *expr = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( name ) );
318	expr->get_args().push_back( lhs );
319	expr->get_args().push_back( rhs );
320	return expr;
321	}
322
323	/// Returns the dereference of a local pointer variable
324	Expression derefVar( ObjectDecl var ) {
325	return makeOp( "*?", new VariableExpr( var ) );
326	}
327
328	/// makes an if-statement with a single-expression if-block and no then block
329	Statement makeCond( Expression cond, Expression *ifPart ) {
330	return new IfStmt( noLabels, cond, new ExprStmt( noLabels, ifPart ), 0 );
331	}
332
333	/// makes a statement that assigns rhs to lhs if lhs < rhs
334	Statement makeAssignMax( Expression lhs, Expression *rhs ) {
335	return makeCond( makeOp( "?<?", lhs, rhs ), makeOp( "?=?", lhs->clone(), rhs->clone() ) );
336	}
337
338	/// makes a statement that aligns lhs to rhs (rhs should be an integer power of two)
339	Statement makeAlignTo( Expression lhs, Expression *rhs ) {
340	// check that the lhs is zeroed out to the level of rhs
341	Expression *ifCond = makeOp( "?&?", lhs, makeOp( "?-?", rhs, new ConstantExpr( Constant( new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt ), "1" ) ) ) );
342	// if not aligned, increment to alignment
343	Expression *ifExpr = makeOp( "?+=?", lhs->clone(), makeOp( "?-?", rhs->clone(), ifCond->clone() ) );
344	return makeCond( ifCond, ifExpr );
345	}
346
347	/// adds an expression to a compound statement
348	void addExpr( CompoundStmt stmts, Expression expr ) {
349	stmts->get_kids().push_back( new ExprStmt( noLabels, expr ) );
350	}
351
352	/// adds a statement to a compound statement
353	void addStmt( CompoundStmt stmts, Statement stmt ) {
354	stmts->get_kids().push_back( stmt );
355	}
356
357	Declaration LayoutFunctionBuilder::mutate( StructDecl structDecl ) {
358	// do not generate layout function for "empty" tag structs
359	if ( structDecl->get_members().empty() ) return structDecl;
360
361	// get parameters that can change layout, exiting early if none
362	std::list< TypeDecl* > otypeParams = takeOtypeOnly( structDecl->get_parameters() );
363	if ( otypeParams.empty() ) return structDecl;
364
365	// build layout function signature
366	FunctionType *layoutFnType = new FunctionType( Type::Qualifiers(), false );
367	BasicType *sizeAlignType = new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt );
368	PointerType *sizeAlignOutType = new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), sizeAlignType );
369
370	ObjectDecl *sizeParam = new ObjectDecl( sizeofName( structDecl->get_name() ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignOutType, 0 );
371	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( sizeParam );
372	ObjectDecl *alignParam = new ObjectDecl( alignofName( structDecl->get_name() ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignOutType->clone(), 0 );
373	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( alignParam );
374	ObjectDecl *offsetParam = new ObjectDecl( offsetofName( structDecl->get_name() ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignOutType->clone(), 0 );
375	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( offsetParam );
376	addOtypeParams( layoutFnType, otypeParams );
377
378	// build function decl
379	FunctionDecl *layoutDecl = buildLayoutFunctionDecl( structDecl, functionNesting, layoutFnType );
380
381	// calculate struct layout in function body
382
383	// initialize size and alignment to 0 and 1 (will have at least one member to re-edit size
384	addExpr( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeOp( "?=?", derefVar( sizeParam ), new ConstantExpr( Constant( sizeAlignType->clone(), "0" ) ) ) );
385	addExpr( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeOp( "?=?", derefVar( alignParam ), new ConstantExpr( Constant( sizeAlignType->clone(), "1" ) ) ) );
386	unsigned long n_members = 0;
387	bool firstMember = true;
388	for ( std::list< Declaration* >::const_iterator member = structDecl->get_members().begin(); member != structDecl->get_members().end(); ++member ) {
389	DeclarationWithType dwt = dynamic_cast< DeclarationWithType >( *member );
390	assert( dwt );
391	Type *memberType = dwt->get_type();
392
393	if ( firstMember ) {
394	firstMember = false;
395	} else {
396	// make sure all members after the first (automatically aligned at 0) are properly padded for alignment
397	addStmt( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeAlignTo( derefVar( sizeParam ), new AlignofExpr( memberType->clone() ) ) );
398	}
399
400	// place current size in the current offset index
401	addExpr( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeOp( "?=?", makeOp( "?[?]", new VariableExpr( offsetParam ), new ConstantExpr( Constant::from_ulong( n_members ) ) ),
402	derefVar( sizeParam ) ) );
403	++n_members;
404
405	// add member size to current size
406	addExpr( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeOp( "?+=?", derefVar( sizeParam ), new SizeofExpr( memberType->clone() ) ) );
407
408	// take max of member alignment and global alignment
409	addStmt( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeAssignMax( derefVar( alignParam ), new AlignofExpr( memberType->clone() ) ) );
410	}
411	// make sure the type is end-padded to a multiple of its alignment
412	addStmt( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeAlignTo( derefVar( sizeParam ), derefVar( alignParam ) ) );
413
414	addDeclarationAfter( layoutDecl );
415	return structDecl;
416	}
417
418	Declaration LayoutFunctionBuilder::mutate( UnionDecl unionDecl ) {
419	// do not generate layout function for "empty" tag unions
420	if ( unionDecl->get_members().empty() ) return unionDecl;
421
422	// get parameters that can change layout, exiting early if none
423	std::list< TypeDecl* > otypeParams = takeOtypeOnly( unionDecl->get_parameters() );
424	if ( otypeParams.empty() ) return unionDecl;
425
426	// build layout function signature
427	FunctionType *layoutFnType = new FunctionType( Type::Qualifiers(), false );
428	BasicType *sizeAlignType = new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt );
429	PointerType *sizeAlignOutType = new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), sizeAlignType );
430
431	ObjectDecl *sizeParam = new ObjectDecl( sizeofName( unionDecl->get_name() ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignOutType, 0 );
432	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( sizeParam );
433	ObjectDecl *alignParam = new ObjectDecl( alignofName( unionDecl->get_name() ), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, sizeAlignOutType->clone(), 0 );
434	layoutFnType->get_parameters().push_back( alignParam );
435	addOtypeParams( layoutFnType, otypeParams );
436
437	// build function decl
438	FunctionDecl *layoutDecl = buildLayoutFunctionDecl( unionDecl, functionNesting, layoutFnType );
439
440	// calculate union layout in function body
441	addExpr( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeOp( "?=?", derefVar( sizeParam ), new ConstantExpr( Constant( sizeAlignType->clone(), "1" ) ) ) );
442	addExpr( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeOp( "?=?", derefVar( alignParam ), new ConstantExpr( Constant( sizeAlignType->clone(), "1" ) ) ) );
443	for ( std::list< Declaration* >::const_iterator member = unionDecl->get_members().begin(); member != unionDecl->get_members().end(); ++member ) {
444	DeclarationWithType dwt = dynamic_cast< DeclarationWithType >( *member );
445	assert( dwt );
446	Type *memberType = dwt->get_type();
447
448	// take max member size and global size
449	addStmt( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeAssignMax( derefVar( sizeParam ), new SizeofExpr( memberType->clone() ) ) );
450
451	// take max of member alignment and global alignment
452	addStmt( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeAssignMax( derefVar( alignParam ), new AlignofExpr( memberType->clone() ) ) );
453	}
454	// make sure the type is end-padded to a multiple of its alignment
455	addStmt( layoutDecl->get_statements(), makeAlignTo( derefVar( sizeParam ), derefVar( alignParam ) ) );
456
457	addDeclarationAfter( layoutDecl );
458	return unionDecl;
459	}
460
461	////////////////////////////////////////// Pass1 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
462
463	namespace {
464	std::string makePolyMonoSuffix( FunctionType * function, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
465	std::stringstream name;
466
467	// NOTE: this function previously used isPolyObj, which failed to produce
468	// the correct thing in some situations. It's not clear to me why this wasn't working.
469
470	// if the return type or a parameter type involved polymorphic types, then the adapter will need
471	// to take those polymorphic types as pointers. Therefore, there can be two different functions
472	// with the same mangled name, so we need to further mangle the names.
473	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator retval = function->get_returnVals().begin(); retval != function->get_returnVals().end(); ++retval ) {
474	if ( isPolyType( (*retval)->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
475	name << "P";
476	} else {
477	name << "M";
478	}
479	}
480	name << "_";
481	std::list< DeclarationWithType *> &paramList = function->get_parameters();
482	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator arg = paramList.begin(); arg != paramList.end(); ++arg ) {
483	if ( isPolyType( (*arg)->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
484	name << "P";
485	} else {
486	name << "M";
487	}
488	} // for
489	return name.str();
490	}
491
492	std::string mangleAdapterName( FunctionType * function, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
493	return SymTab::Mangler::mangle( function ) + makePolyMonoSuffix( function, tyVars );
494	}
495
496	std::string makeAdapterName( const std::string &mangleName ) {
497	return "_adapter" + mangleName;
498	}
499
500	Pass1::Pass1() : tempNamer( "_temp" ) {}
501
502	/// Returns T if the given declaration is a function with parameter (T*) for some TypeInstType T, NULL otherwise
503	TypeInstType isTypeInstPtrFn( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
504	if ( FunctionType *funType = getFunctionType( decl->get_type() ) ) {
505	if ( funType->get_parameters().size() == 1 ) {
506	if ( PointerType pointer = dynamic_cast< PointerType >( funType->get_parameters().front()->get_type() ) ) {
507	if ( TypeInstType refType = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( pointer->get_base() ) ) {
508	return refType;
509	} // if
510	} // if
511	} // if
512	} // if
513	return 0;
514	}
515
516	/// Returns T if the given declaration is a function with parameters (T*, T) for some TypeInstType T, NULL otherwise
517	TypeInstType isTypeInstPtrValFn( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
518	if ( FunctionType *funType = getFunctionType( decl->get_type() ) ) {
519	if ( funType->get_parameters().size() == 2 ) {
520	if ( PointerType pointer = dynamic_cast< PointerType >( funType->get_parameters().front()->get_type() ) ) {
521	if ( TypeInstType refType = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( pointer->get_base() ) ) {
522	if ( TypeInstType refType2 = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( funType->get_parameters().back()->get_type() ) ) {
523	if ( refType->get_name() == refType2->get_name() ) {
524	return refType;
525	} // if
526	} // if
527	} // if
528	} // if
529	} // if
530	} // if
531	return 0;
532	}
533
534	/// Returns T if the given declaration is (?=?)(T , T) for some TypeInstType T (return not checked, but maybe should be), NULL otherwise
535	TypeInstType isTypeInstAssignment( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
536	return decl->get_name() == "?=?" ? isTypeInstPtrValFn( decl ) : 0;
537	}
538
539	/// Returns T if the given declaration is (?{})(T ) for some TypeInstType T (return not checked, but maybe should be), NULL otherwise
540	TypeInstType isTypeInstCtor( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
541	return decl->get_name() == "?{}" ? isTypeInstPtrFn( decl ) : 0;
542	}
543
544	/// Returns T if the given declaration is (?{})(T , T) for some TypeInstType T (return not checked, but maybe should be), NULL otherwise
545	TypeInstType isTypeInstCopy( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
546	return decl->get_name() == "?{}" ? isTypeInstPtrValFn( decl ) : 0;
547	}
548
549	/// Returns T if the given declaration is (^?{})(T ) for some TypeInstType T (return not checked, but maybe should be), NULL otherwise
550	TypeInstType isTypeInstDtor( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
551	return decl->get_name() == "^?{}" ? isTypeInstPtrFn( decl ) : 0;
552	}
553
554	/// Returns T if the given declaration is a function with parameters (T*, T) for some type T, where neither parameter is cv-qualified,
555	/// NULL otherwise
556	Type isNoCvPtrFn( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
557	if ( FunctionType *funType = getFunctionType( decl->get_type() ) ) {
558	if ( funType->get_parameters().size() == 1 ) {
559	Type::Qualifiers defaultQualifiers;
560	Type *paramType = funType->get_parameters().front()->get_type();
561	if ( paramType->get_qualifiers() != defaultQualifiers ) return 0;
562
563	if ( PointerType pointerType = dynamic_cast< PointerType >( paramType ) ) {
564	Type *baseType = pointerType->get_base();
565	if ( baseType->get_qualifiers() == defaultQualifiers ) {
566	return baseType;
567	} // if
568	} // if
569	} // if
570	} // if
571	return 0;
572	}
573
574	/// Returns T if the given declaration is a function with parameters (T*, T) for some type T, where neither parameter is cv-qualified,
575	/// NULL otherwise
576	Type isNoCvPtrValFn( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
577	if ( FunctionType *funType = getFunctionType( decl->get_type() ) ) {
578	if ( funType->get_parameters().size() == 2 ) {
579	Type::Qualifiers defaultQualifiers;
580	Type *paramType1 = funType->get_parameters().front()->get_type();
581	if ( paramType1->get_qualifiers() != defaultQualifiers ) return 0;
582	Type *paramType2 = funType->get_parameters().back()->get_type();
583	if ( paramType2->get_qualifiers() != defaultQualifiers ) return 0;
584
585	if ( PointerType pointerType = dynamic_cast< PointerType >( paramType1 ) ) {
586	Type *baseType1 = pointerType->get_base();
587	if ( baseType1->get_qualifiers() != defaultQualifiers ) return 0;
588	SymTab::Indexer dummy;
589	if ( ResolvExpr::typesCompatible( baseType1, paramType2, dummy ) ) {
590	return baseType1;
591	} // if
592	} // if
593	} // if
594	} // if
595	return 0;
596	}
597
598	/// returns T if the given declaration is: (?=?)(T , T) for some type T (return not checked, but maybe should be), NULL otherwise
599	/// Only picks assignments where neither parameter is cv-qualified
600	Type isAssignment( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
601	return decl->get_name() == "?=?" ? isNoCvPtrValFn( decl ) : 0;
602	}
603
604	/// returns T if the given declaration is: (?{})(T ) for some type T, NULL otherwise
605	/// Only picks ctors where the parameter is not cv-qualified
606	Type isCtor( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
607	return decl->get_name() == "?{}" ? isNoCvPtrFn( decl ) : 0;
608	}
609
610	/// returns T if the given declaration is: (?{})(T , T) for some type T (return not checked, but maybe should be), NULL otherwise
611	/// Only picks copy constructors where neither parameter is cv-qualified
612	Type isCopy( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
613	return decl->get_name() == "?{}" ? isNoCvPtrValFn( decl ) : 0;
614	}
615
616	/// returns T if the given declaration is: (?{})(T ) for some type T, NULL otherwise
617	/// Only picks ctors where the parameter is not cv-qualified
618	Type isDtor( DeclarationWithType decl ) {
619	return decl->get_name() == "^?{}" ? isNoCvPtrFn( decl ) : 0;
620	}
621
622	void Pass1::findTypeOps( const Type::ForallList &forall ) {
623	// what if a nested function uses an assignment operator?
624	// assignOps.clear();
625	for ( Type::ForallList::const_iterator i = forall.begin(); i != forall.end(); ++i ) {
626	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType >::const_iterator assert = (i)->get_assertions().begin(); assert != (*i)->get_assertions().end(); ++assert ) {
627	std::string typeName;
628	if ( TypeInstType typeInst = isTypeInstAssignment( assert ) ) {
629	assignOps[ typeInst->get_name() ] = *assert;
630	} else if ( TypeInstType typeInst = isTypeInstCtor( assert ) ) {
631	ctorOps[ typeInst->get_name() ] = *assert;
632	} else if ( TypeInstType typeInst = isTypeInstCopy( assert ) ) {
633	copyOps[ typeInst->get_name() ] = *assert;
634	} else if ( TypeInstType typeInst = isTypeInstDtor( assert ) ) {
635	dtorOps[ typeInst->get_name() ] = *assert;
636	} // if
637	} // for
638	} // for
639	}
640
641	DeclarationWithType Pass1::mutate( FunctionDecl functionDecl ) {
642	// if this is a assignment function, put it in the map for this scope
643	if ( Type *paramType = isAssignment( functionDecl ) ) {
644	if ( ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( paramType ) ) {
645	scopedAssignOps.insert( paramType, functionDecl );
646	}
647	} else if ( Type *paramType = isCtor( functionDecl ) ) {
648	if ( ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( paramType ) ) {
649	scopedCtorOps.insert( paramType, functionDecl );
650	}
651	} else if ( Type *paramType = isCopy( functionDecl ) ) {
652	if ( ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( paramType ) ) {
653	scopedCopyOps.insert( paramType, functionDecl );
654	}
655	} else if ( Type *paramType = isDtor( functionDecl ) ) {
656	if ( ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( paramType ) ) {
657	scopedDtorOps.insert( paramType, functionDecl );
658	}
659	}
660
661	if ( functionDecl->get_statements() ) { // empty routine body ?
662	doBeginScope();
663	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
664	assignOps.beginScope();
665	ctorOps.beginScope();
666	copyOps.beginScope();
667	dtorOps.beginScope();
668
669	DeclarationWithType *oldRetval = retval;
670
671	// process polymorphic return value
672	retval = nullptr;
673	if ( isDynRet( functionDecl->get_functionType() ) && functionDecl->get_linkage() != LinkageSpec::C ) {
674	retval = functionDecl->get_functionType()->get_returnVals().front();
675
676	// give names to unnamed return values
677	if ( retval->get_name() == "" ) {
678	retval->set_name( "_retparm" );
679	retval->set_linkage( LinkageSpec::C );
680	} // if
681	} // if
682
683	FunctionType *functionType = functionDecl->get_functionType();
684	makeTyVarMap( functionDecl->get_functionType(), scopeTyVars );
685	findTypeOps( functionDecl->get_functionType()->get_forall() );
686
687	std::list< DeclarationWithType *> &paramList = functionType->get_parameters();
688	std::list< FunctionType *> functions;
689	for ( Type::ForallList::iterator tyVar = functionType->get_forall().begin(); tyVar != functionType->get_forall().end(); ++tyVar ) {
690	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator assert = (tyVar)->get_assertions().begin(); assert != (*tyVar)->get_assertions().end(); ++assert ) {
691	findFunction( (*assert)->get_type(), functions, scopeTyVars, needsAdapter );
692	} // for
693	} // for
694	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator arg = paramList.begin(); arg != paramList.end(); ++arg ) {
695	findFunction( (*arg)->get_type(), functions, scopeTyVars, needsAdapter );
696	} // for
697
698	for ( std::list< FunctionType *>::iterator funType = functions.begin(); funType != functions.end(); ++funType ) {
699	std::string mangleName = mangleAdapterName( *funType, scopeTyVars );
700	if ( adapters.find( mangleName ) == adapters.end() ) {
701	std::string adapterName = makeAdapterName( mangleName );
702	adapters.insert( std::pair< std::string, DeclarationWithType >( mangleName, new ObjectDecl( adapterName, DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, nullptr, new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), makeAdapterType( funType, scopeTyVars ) ), nullptr ) ) );
703	} // if
704	} // for
705
706	functionDecl->set_statements( functionDecl->get_statements()->acceptMutator( *this ) );
707
708	scopeTyVars.endScope();
709	assignOps.endScope();
710	ctorOps.endScope();
711	copyOps.endScope();
712	dtorOps.endScope();
713	retval = oldRetval;
714	doEndScope();
715	} // if
716	return functionDecl;
717	}
718
719	TypeDecl Pass1::mutate( TypeDecl typeDecl ) {
720	addToTyVarMap( typeDecl, scopeTyVars );
721	return Mutator::mutate( typeDecl );
722	}
723
724	Expression Pass1::mutate( CommaExpr commaExpr ) {
725	// Attempting to find application expressions that were mutated by the copy constructor passes
726	// to use an explicit return variable, so that the variable can be reused as a parameter to the
727	// call rather than creating a new temp variable. Previously this step was an optimization, but
728	// with the introduction of tuples and UniqueExprs, it is necessary to ensure that they use the same variable.
729	// Essentially, looking for pattern: (x=f(...), x)
730	// To compound the issue, the right side can be *x, etc. because of lvalue-returning functions
731	if ( UntypedExpr * assign = dynamic_cast< UntypedExpr * >( commaExpr->get_arg1() ) ) {
732	if ( InitTweak::isAssignment( InitTweak::getFunctionName( assign ) ) ) {
733	assert( assign->get_args().size() == 2 );
734	if ( ApplicationExpr * appExpr = dynamic_cast< ApplicationExpr * > ( assign->get_args().back() ) ) {
735	// first argument is assignable, so it must be an lvalue, so it should be legal to take its address.
736	retVals[appExpr] = assign->get_args().front();
737	}
738	}
739	}
740
741	commaExpr->set_arg1( maybeMutate( commaExpr->get_arg1(), *this ) );
742	commaExpr->set_arg2( maybeMutate( commaExpr->get_arg2(), *this ) );
743	return commaExpr;
744	}
745
746	Expression Pass1::mutate( ConditionalExpr condExpr ) {
747	condExpr->set_arg1( maybeMutate( condExpr->get_arg1(), *this ) );
748	condExpr->set_arg2( maybeMutate( condExpr->get_arg2(), *this ) );
749	condExpr->set_arg3( maybeMutate( condExpr->get_arg3(), *this ) );
750	return condExpr;
751
752	}
753
754	void Pass1::passArgTypeVars( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type parmType, Type argBaseType, std::list< Expression >::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars, std::set< std::string > &seenTypes ) {
755	Type *polyType = isPolyType( parmType, exprTyVars );
756	if ( polyType && ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( polyType ) ) {
757	std::string typeName = mangleType( polyType );
758	if ( seenTypes.count( typeName ) ) return;
759
760	arg = appExpr->get_args().insert( arg, new SizeofExpr( argBaseType->clone() ) );
761	arg++;
762	arg = appExpr->get_args().insert( arg, new AlignofExpr( argBaseType->clone() ) );
763	arg++;
764	if ( dynamic_cast< StructInstType* >( polyType ) ) {
765	if ( StructInstType argBaseStructType = dynamic_cast< StructInstType >( argBaseType ) ) {
766	// zero-length arrays are forbidden by C, so don't pass offset for empty struct
767	if ( ! argBaseStructType->get_baseStruct()->get_members().empty() ) {
768	arg = appExpr->get_args().insert( arg, new OffsetPackExpr( argBaseStructType->clone() ) );
769	arg++;
770	}
771	} else {
772	throw SemanticError( "Cannot pass non-struct type for generic struct" );
773	}
774	}
775
776	seenTypes.insert( typeName );
777	}
778	}
779
780	void Pass1::passTypeVars( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type polyRetType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars ) {
781	// pass size/align for type variables
782	for ( TyVarMap::const_iterator tyParm = exprTyVars.begin(); tyParm != exprTyVars.end(); ++tyParm ) {
783	ResolvExpr::EqvClass eqvClass;
784	assert( env );
785	if ( tyParm->second.isComplete ) {
786	Type *concrete = env->lookup( tyParm->first );
787	if ( concrete ) {
788	arg = appExpr->get_args().insert( arg, new SizeofExpr( concrete->clone() ) );
789	arg++;
790	arg = appExpr->get_args().insert( arg, new AlignofExpr( concrete->clone() ) );
791	arg++;
792	} else {
793	// xxx - should this be an assertion?
794	std::string x = env ? toString( *env ) : "missing env";
795	throw SemanticError( x + "\n" + "unbound type variable: " + tyParm->first + " in application ", appExpr );
796	} // if
797	} // if
798	} // for
799
800	// add size/align for generic types to parameter list
801	if ( ! appExpr->get_function()->has_result() ) return;
802	FunctionType *funcType = getFunctionType( appExpr->get_function()->get_result() );
803	assert( funcType );
804
805	std::list< DeclarationWithType* >::const_iterator fnParm = funcType->get_parameters().begin();
806	std::list< Expression* >::const_iterator fnArg = arg;
807	std::set< std::string > seenTypes; ///< names for generic types we've seen
808
809	// a polymorphic return type may need to be added to the argument list
810	if ( polyRetType ) {
811	Type *concRetType = replaceWithConcrete( appExpr, polyRetType );
812	passArgTypeVars( appExpr, polyRetType, concRetType, arg, exprTyVars, seenTypes );
813	}
814
815	// add type information args for presently unseen types in parameter list
816	for ( ; fnParm != funcType->get_parameters().end() && fnArg != appExpr->get_args().end(); ++fnParm, ++fnArg ) {
817	VariableExpr fnArgBase = getBaseVar( fnArg );
818	if ( ! fnArgBase ) continue; // xxx - previously had check for non-empty fnArgBase results
819	passArgTypeVars( appExpr, (*fnParm)->get_type(), fnArgBase->get_result(), arg, exprTyVars, seenTypes );
820	}
821	}
822
823	ObjectDecl Pass1::makeTemporary( Type type ) {
824	ObjectDecl *newObj = new ObjectDecl( tempNamer.newName(), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0, type, 0 );
825	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new DeclStmt( noLabels, newObj ) );
826	return newObj;
827	}
828
829	Expression Pass1::addRetParam( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, Type retType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg ) {
830	// Create temporary to hold return value of polymorphic function and produce that temporary as a result
831	// using a comma expression.
832	assert( retType );
833
834	Expression * paramExpr = nullptr;
835	// try to use existing return value parameter if it exists, otherwise create a new temporary
836	if ( retVals.count( appExpr ) ) {
837	paramExpr = retVals[appExpr]->clone();
838	} else {
839	ObjectDecl *newObj = makeTemporary( retType->clone() );
840	paramExpr = new VariableExpr( newObj );
841	}
842	Expression * retExpr = paramExpr->clone();
843
844	// If the type of the temporary is not polymorphic, box temporary by taking its address;
845	// otherwise the temporary is already boxed and can be used directly.
846	if ( ! isPolyType( paramExpr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env ) ) {
847	paramExpr = new AddressExpr( paramExpr );
848	} // if
849	arg = appExpr->get_args().insert( arg, paramExpr ); // add argument to function call
850	arg++;
851	// Build a comma expression to call the function and emulate a normal return.
852	CommaExpr *commaExpr = new CommaExpr( appExpr, retExpr );
853	commaExpr->set_env( appExpr->get_env() );
854	appExpr->set_env( 0 );
855	return commaExpr;
856	}
857
858	void Pass1::replaceParametersWithConcrete( ApplicationExpr appExpr, std::list< Expression >& params ) {
859	for ( std::list< Expression* >::iterator param = params.begin(); param != params.end(); ++param ) {
860	TypeExpr paramType = dynamic_cast< TypeExpr >( *param );
861	assert(paramType && "Aggregate parameters should be type expressions");
862	paramType->set_type( replaceWithConcrete( appExpr, paramType->get_type(), false ) );
863	}
864	}
865
866	Type Pass1::replaceWithConcrete( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type *type, bool doClone ) {
867	if ( TypeInstType typeInst = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( type ) ) {
868	Type *concrete = env->lookup( typeInst->get_name() );
869	if ( concrete == 0 ) {
870	// xxx - should this be an assertion?
871	std::string x = env ? toString( *env ) : "missing env";
872	throw SemanticError( x + "\n" + "Unbound type variable " + typeInst->get_name() + " in ", appExpr );
873	} // if
874	return concrete;
875	} else if ( StructInstType structType = dynamic_cast< StructInstType >( type ) ) {
876	if ( doClone ) {
877	structType = structType->clone();
878	}
879	replaceParametersWithConcrete( appExpr, structType->get_parameters() );
880	return structType;
881	} else if ( UnionInstType unionType = dynamic_cast< UnionInstType >( type ) ) {
882	if ( doClone ) {
883	unionType = unionType->clone();
884	}
885	replaceParametersWithConcrete( appExpr, unionType->get_parameters() );
886	return unionType;
887	}
888	return type;
889	}
890
891	Expression Pass1::addDynRetParam( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, Type dynType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg ) {
892	assert( env );
893	Type *concrete = replaceWithConcrete( appExpr, dynType );
894	// add out-parameter for return value
895	return addRetParam( appExpr, function, concrete, arg );
896	}
897
898	Expression Pass1::applyAdapter( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, std::list< Expression >::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
899	Expression *ret = appExpr;
900	// if ( ! function->get_returnVals().empty() && isPolyType( function->get_returnVals().front()->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
901	if ( isDynRet( function, tyVars ) ) {
902	ret = addRetParam( appExpr, function, function->get_returnVals().front()->get_type(), arg );
903	} // if
904	std::string mangleName = mangleAdapterName( function, tyVars );
905	std::string adapterName = makeAdapterName( mangleName );
906
907	// cast adaptee to void (*)(), since it may have any type inside a polymorphic function
908	Type * adapteeType = new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), new FunctionType( Type::Qualifiers(), true ) );
909	appExpr->get_args().push_front( new CastExpr( appExpr->get_function(), adapteeType ) );
910	appExpr->set_function( new NameExpr( adapterName ) ); // xxx - result is never set on NameExpr
911
912	return ret;
913	}
914
915	void Pass1::boxParam( Type param, Expression &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars ) {
916	assert( arg->has_result() );
917	if ( isPolyType( param, exprTyVars ) ) {
918	if ( isPolyType( arg->get_result() ) ) {
919	// if the argument's type is polymorphic, we don't need to box again!
920	return;
921	} else if ( arg->get_result()->get_isLvalue() ) {
922	// VariableExpr and MemberExpr are lvalues; need to check this isn't coming from the second arg of a comma expression though (not an lvalue)
923	// xxx - need to test that this code is still reachable
924	if ( CommaExpr commaArg = dynamic_cast< CommaExpr >( arg ) ) {
925	commaArg->set_arg2( new AddressExpr( commaArg->get_arg2() ) );
926	} else {
927	arg = new AddressExpr( arg );
928	}
929	} else {
930	// use type computed in unification to declare boxed variables
931	Type * newType = param->clone();
932	if ( env ) env->apply( newType );
933	ObjectDecl *newObj = new ObjectDecl( tempNamer.newName(), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0, newType, 0 );
934	newObj->get_type()->get_qualifiers() = Type::Qualifiers(); // TODO: is this right???
935	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new DeclStmt( noLabels, newObj ) );
936	UntypedExpr *assign = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?=?" ) );
937	assign->get_args().push_back( new VariableExpr( newObj ) );
938	assign->get_args().push_back( arg );
939	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new ExprStmt( noLabels, assign ) );
940	arg = new AddressExpr( new VariableExpr( newObj ) );
941	} // if
942	} // if
943	}
944
945	/// cast parameters to polymorphic functions so that types are replaced with
946	/// void * if they are type parameters in the formal type.
947	/// this gets rid of warnings from gcc.
948	void addCast( Expression &actual, Type formal, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
949	if ( getFunctionType( formal ) ) {
950	Type * newType = formal->clone();
951	newType = ScrubTyVars::scrub( newType, tyVars );
952	actual = new CastExpr( actual, newType );
953	} // if
954	}
955
956	void Pass1::boxParams( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType function, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &exprTyVars ) {
957	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::const_iterator param = function->get_parameters().begin(); param != function->get_parameters().end(); ++param, ++arg ) {
958	assert( arg != appExpr->get_args().end() );
959	addCast( arg, (param)->get_type(), exprTyVars );
960	boxParam( (param)->get_type(), arg, exprTyVars );
961	} // for
962	}
963
964	void Pass1::addInferredParams( ApplicationExpr appExpr, FunctionType functionType, std::list< Expression *>::iterator &arg, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
965	std::list< Expression *>::iterator cur = arg;
966	for ( Type::ForallList::iterator tyVar = functionType->get_forall().begin(); tyVar != functionType->get_forall().end(); ++tyVar ) {
967	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator assert = (tyVar)->get_assertions().begin(); assert != (*tyVar)->get_assertions().end(); ++assert ) {
968	InferredParams::const_iterator inferParam = appExpr->get_inferParams().find( (*assert)->get_uniqueId() );
969	assert( inferParam != appExpr->get_inferParams().end() && "NOTE: Explicit casts of polymorphic functions to compatible monomorphic functions are currently unsupported" );
970	Expression *newExpr = inferParam->second.expr->clone();
971	addCast( newExpr, (*assert)->get_type(), tyVars );
972	boxParam( (*assert)->get_type(), newExpr, tyVars );
973	appExpr->get_args().insert( cur, newExpr );
974	} // for
975	} // for
976	}
977
978	void makeRetParm( FunctionType *funcType ) {
979	DeclarationWithType *retParm = funcType->get_returnVals().front();
980
981	// make a new parameter that is a pointer to the type of the old return value
982	retParm->set_type( new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), retParm->get_type() ) );
983	funcType->get_parameters().push_front( retParm );
984
985	// we don't need the return value any more
986	funcType->get_returnVals().clear();
987	}
988
989	FunctionType makeAdapterType( FunctionType adaptee, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
990	// actually make the adapter type
991	FunctionType *adapter = adaptee->clone();
992	// if ( ! adapter->get_returnVals().empty() && isPolyType( adapter->get_returnVals().front()->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
993	if ( isDynRet( adapter, tyVars ) ) {
994	makeRetParm( adapter );
995	} // if
996	adapter->get_parameters().push_front( new ObjectDecl( "", DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0, new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), new FunctionType( Type::Qualifiers(), true ) ), 0 ) );
997	return adapter;
998	}
999
1000	Expression makeAdapterArg( DeclarationWithType param, DeclarationWithType arg, DeclarationWithType realParam, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
1001	assert( param );
1002	assert( arg );
1003	if ( isPolyType( realParam->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
1004	if ( ! isPolyType( arg->get_type() ) ) {
1005	UntypedExpr deref = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?" ) );
1006	deref->get_args().push_back( new CastExpr( new VariableExpr( param ), new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), arg->get_type()->clone() ) ) );
1007	deref->set_result( arg->get_type()->clone() );
1008	return deref;
1009	} // if
1010	} // if
1011	return new VariableExpr( param );
1012	}
1013
1014	void addAdapterParams( ApplicationExpr adapteeApp, std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator arg, std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator param, std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator paramEnd, std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator realParam, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
1015	UniqueName paramNamer( "_p" );
1016	for ( ; param != paramEnd; ++param, ++arg, ++realParam ) {
1017	if ( (*param)->get_name() == "" ) {
1018	(*param)->set_name( paramNamer.newName() );
1019	(*param)->set_linkage( LinkageSpec::C );
1020	} // if
1021	adapteeApp->get_args().push_back( makeAdapterArg( param, arg, *realParam, tyVars ) );
1022	} // for
1023	}
1024
1025	FunctionDecl Pass1::makeAdapter( FunctionType adaptee, FunctionType *realType, const std::string &mangleName, const TyVarMap &tyVars ) {
1026	FunctionType *adapterType = makeAdapterType( adaptee, tyVars );
1027	adapterType = ScrubTyVars::scrub( adapterType, tyVars );
1028	DeclarationWithType *adapteeDecl = adapterType->get_parameters().front();
1029	adapteeDecl->set_name( "_adaptee" );
1030	ApplicationExpr *adapteeApp = new ApplicationExpr( new CastExpr( new VariableExpr( adapteeDecl ), new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), realType ) ) );
1031	Statement *bodyStmt;
1032
1033	Type::ForallList::iterator tyArg = realType->get_forall().begin();
1034	Type::ForallList::iterator tyParam = adapterType->get_forall().begin();
1035	Type::ForallList::iterator realTyParam = adaptee->get_forall().begin();
1036	for ( ; tyParam != adapterType->get_forall().end(); ++tyArg, ++tyParam, ++realTyParam ) {
1037	assert( tyArg != realType->get_forall().end() );
1038	std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator assertArg = (tyArg)->get_assertions().begin();
1039	std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator assertParam = (tyParam)->get_assertions().begin();
1040	std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator realAssertParam = (realTyParam)->get_assertions().begin();
1041	for ( ; assertParam != (*tyParam)->get_assertions().end(); ++assertArg, ++assertParam, ++realAssertParam ) {
1042	assert( assertArg != (*tyArg)->get_assertions().end() );
1043	adapteeApp->get_args().push_back( makeAdapterArg( assertParam, assertArg, *realAssertParam, tyVars ) );
1044	} // for
1045	} // for
1046
1047	std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator arg = realType->get_parameters().begin();
1048	std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator param = adapterType->get_parameters().begin();
1049	std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator realParam = adaptee->get_parameters().begin();
1050	param++; // skip adaptee parameter in the adapter type
1051	if ( realType->get_returnVals().empty() ) {
1052	// void return
1053	addAdapterParams( adapteeApp, arg, param, adapterType->get_parameters().end(), realParam, tyVars );
1054	bodyStmt = new ExprStmt( noLabels, adapteeApp );
1055	// } else if ( isPolyType( adaptee->get_returnVals().front()->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
1056	} else if ( isDynType( adaptee->get_returnVals().front()->get_type(), tyVars ) ) {
1057	// return type T
1058	if ( (*param)->get_name() == "" ) {
1059	(*param)->set_name( "_ret" );
1060	(*param)->set_linkage( LinkageSpec::C );
1061	} // if
1062	UntypedExpr *assign = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?=?" ) );
1063	UntypedExpr deref = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?" ) );
1064	deref->get_args().push_back( new CastExpr( new VariableExpr( *param++ ), new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), realType->get_returnVals().front()->get_type()->clone() ) ) );
1065	assign->get_args().push_back( deref );
1066	addAdapterParams( adapteeApp, arg, param, adapterType->get_parameters().end(), realParam, tyVars );
1067	assign->get_args().push_back( adapteeApp );
1068	bodyStmt = new ExprStmt( noLabels, assign );
1069	} else {
1070	// adapter for a function that returns a monomorphic value
1071	addAdapterParams( adapteeApp, arg, param, adapterType->get_parameters().end(), realParam, tyVars );
1072	bodyStmt = new ReturnStmt( noLabels, adapteeApp );
1073	} // if
1074	CompoundStmt *adapterBody = new CompoundStmt( noLabels );
1075	adapterBody->get_kids().push_back( bodyStmt );
1076	std::string adapterName = makeAdapterName( mangleName );
1077	return new FunctionDecl( adapterName, DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, adapterType, adapterBody, false, false );
1078	}
1079
1080	void Pass1::passAdapters( ApplicationExpr * appExpr, FunctionType * functionType, const TyVarMap & exprTyVars ) {
1081	// collect a list of function types passed as parameters or implicit parameters (assertions)
1082	std::list< DeclarationWithType *> &paramList = functionType->get_parameters();
1083	std::list< FunctionType *> functions;
1084	for ( Type::ForallList::iterator tyVar = functionType->get_forall().begin(); tyVar != functionType->get_forall().end(); ++tyVar ) {
1085	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator assert = (tyVar)->get_assertions().begin(); assert != (*tyVar)->get_assertions().end(); ++assert ) {
1086	findFunction( (*assert)->get_type(), functions, exprTyVars, needsAdapter );
1087	} // for
1088	} // for
1089	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator arg = paramList.begin(); arg != paramList.end(); ++arg ) {
1090	findFunction( (*arg)->get_type(), functions, exprTyVars, needsAdapter );
1091	} // for
1092
1093	// parameter function types for which an appropriate adapter has been generated. we cannot use the types
1094	// after applying substitutions, since two different parameter types may be unified to the same type
1095	std::set< std::string > adaptersDone;
1096
1097	for ( std::list< FunctionType *>::iterator funType = functions.begin(); funType != functions.end(); ++funType ) {
1098	FunctionType originalFunction = (funType)->clone();
1099	FunctionType realFunction = (funType)->clone();
1100	std::string mangleName = SymTab::Mangler::mangle( realFunction );
1101
1102	// only attempt to create an adapter or pass one as a parameter if we haven't already done so for this
1103	// pre-substitution parameter function type.
1104	if ( adaptersDone.find( mangleName ) == adaptersDone.end() ) {
1105	adaptersDone.insert( adaptersDone.begin(), mangleName );
1106
1107	// apply substitution to type variables to figure out what the adapter's type should look like
1108	assert( env );
1109	env->apply( realFunction );
1110	mangleName = SymTab::Mangler::mangle( realFunction );
1111	mangleName += makePolyMonoSuffix( originalFunction, exprTyVars );
1112
1113	typedef ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType* >::iterator AdapterIter;
1114	AdapterIter adapter = adapters.find( mangleName );
1115	if ( adapter == adapters.end() ) {
1116	// adapter has not been created yet in the current scope, so define it
1117	FunctionDecl newAdapter = makeAdapter( funType, realFunction, mangleName, exprTyVars );
1118	std::pair< AdapterIter, bool > answer = adapters.insert( std::pair< std::string, DeclarationWithType *>( mangleName, newAdapter ) );
1119	adapter = answer.first;
1120	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new DeclStmt( noLabels, newAdapter ) );
1121	} // if
1122	assert( adapter != adapters.end() );
1123
1124	// add the appropriate adapter as a parameter
1125	appExpr->get_args().push_front( new VariableExpr( adapter->second ) );
1126	} // if
1127	} // for
1128	} // passAdapters
1129
1130	Expression makeIncrDecrExpr( ApplicationExpr appExpr, Type *polyType, bool isIncr ) {
1131	NameExpr *opExpr;
1132	if ( isIncr ) {
1133	opExpr = new NameExpr( "?+=?" );
1134	} else {
1135	opExpr = new NameExpr( "?-=?" );
1136	} // if
1137	UntypedExpr *addAssign = new UntypedExpr( opExpr );
1138	if ( AddressExpr address = dynamic_cast< AddressExpr >( appExpr->get_args().front() ) ) {
1139	addAssign->get_args().push_back( address->get_arg() );
1140	} else {
1141	addAssign->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().front() );
1142	} // if
1143	addAssign->get_args().push_back( new NameExpr( sizeofName( mangleType( polyType ) ) ) );
1144	addAssign->set_result( appExpr->get_result()->clone() );
1145	if ( appExpr->get_env() ) {
1146	addAssign->set_env( appExpr->get_env() );
1147	appExpr->set_env( 0 );
1148	} // if
1149	appExpr->get_args().clear();
1150	delete appExpr;
1151	return addAssign;
1152	}
1153
1154	Expression Pass1::handleIntrinsics( ApplicationExpr appExpr ) {
1155	if ( VariableExpr varExpr = dynamic_cast< VariableExpr >( appExpr->get_function() ) ) {
1156	if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_linkage() == LinkageSpec::Intrinsic ) {
1157	if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?[?]" ) {
1158	assert( appExpr->has_result() );
1159	assert( appExpr->get_args().size() == 2 );
1160	Type *baseType1 = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_args().front()->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env );
1161	Type *baseType2 = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_args().back()->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env );
1162	assert( ! baseType1 \|\| ! baseType2 ); // the arguments cannot both be polymorphic pointers
1163	UntypedExpr *ret = 0;
1164	if ( baseType1 \|\| baseType2 ) { // one of the arguments is a polymorphic pointer
1165	ret = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?+?" ) );
1166	} // if
1167	if ( baseType1 ) {
1168	UntypedExpr multiply = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "??" ) );
1169	multiply->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().back() );
1170	multiply->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( baseType1->clone() ) );
1171	ret->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().front() );
1172	ret->get_args().push_back( multiply );
1173	} else if ( baseType2 ) {
1174	UntypedExpr multiply = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "??" ) );
1175	multiply->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().front() );
1176	multiply->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( baseType2->clone() ) );
1177	ret->get_args().push_back( multiply );
1178	ret->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().back() );
1179	} // if
1180	if ( baseType1 \|\| baseType2 ) {
1181	ret->set_result( appExpr->get_result()->clone() );
1182	if ( appExpr->get_env() ) {
1183	ret->set_env( appExpr->get_env() );
1184	appExpr->set_env( 0 );
1185	} // if
1186	appExpr->get_args().clear();
1187	delete appExpr;
1188	return ret;
1189	} // if
1190	} else if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "*?" ) {
1191	assert( appExpr->has_result() );
1192	assert( ! appExpr->get_args().empty() );
1193	if ( isPolyType( appExpr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env ) ) {
1194	Expression *ret = appExpr->get_args().front();
1195	delete ret->get_result();
1196	ret->set_result( appExpr->get_result()->clone() );
1197	if ( appExpr->get_env() ) {
1198	ret->set_env( appExpr->get_env() );
1199	appExpr->set_env( 0 );
1200	} // if
1201	appExpr->get_args().clear();
1202	delete appExpr;
1203	return ret;
1204	} // if
1205	} else if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?++" \|\| varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?--" ) {
1206	assert( appExpr->has_result() );
1207	assert( appExpr->get_args().size() == 1 );
1208	if ( Type *baseType = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env ) ) {
1209	Type *tempType = appExpr->get_result()->clone();
1210	if ( env ) {
1211	env->apply( tempType );
1212	} // if
1213	ObjectDecl *newObj = makeTemporary( tempType );
1214	VariableExpr *tempExpr = new VariableExpr( newObj );
1215	UntypedExpr *assignExpr = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?=?" ) );
1216	assignExpr->get_args().push_back( tempExpr->clone() );
1217	if ( AddressExpr address = dynamic_cast< AddressExpr >( appExpr->get_args().front() ) ) {
1218	assignExpr->get_args().push_back( address->get_arg()->clone() );
1219	} else {
1220	assignExpr->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().front()->clone() );
1221	} // if
1222	CommaExpr *firstComma = new CommaExpr( assignExpr, makeIncrDecrExpr( appExpr, baseType, varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?++" ) );
1223	return new CommaExpr( firstComma, tempExpr );
1224	} // if
1225	} else if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "++?" \|\| varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "--?" ) {
1226	assert( appExpr->has_result() );
1227	assert( appExpr->get_args().size() == 1 );
1228	if ( Type *baseType = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env ) ) {
1229	return makeIncrDecrExpr( appExpr, baseType, varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "++?" );
1230	} // if
1231	} else if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?+?" \|\| varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?-?" ) {
1232	assert( appExpr->has_result() );
1233	assert( appExpr->get_args().size() == 2 );
1234	Type *baseType1 = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_args().front()->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env );
1235	Type *baseType2 = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_args().back()->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env );
1236	if ( baseType1 && baseType2 ) {
1237	UntypedExpr *divide = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?/?" ) );
1238	divide->get_args().push_back( appExpr );
1239	divide->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( baseType1->clone() ) );
1240	divide->set_result( appExpr->get_result()->clone() );
1241	if ( appExpr->get_env() ) {
1242	divide->set_env( appExpr->get_env() );
1243	appExpr->set_env( 0 );
1244	} // if
1245	return divide;
1246	} else if ( baseType1 ) {
1247	UntypedExpr multiply = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "??" ) );
1248	multiply->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().back() );
1249	multiply->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( baseType1->clone() ) );
1250	appExpr->get_args().back() = multiply;
1251	} else if ( baseType2 ) {
1252	UntypedExpr multiply = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "??" ) );
1253	multiply->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().front() );
1254	multiply->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( baseType2->clone() ) );
1255	appExpr->get_args().front() = multiply;
1256	} // if
1257	} else if ( varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?+=?" \|\| varExpr->get_var()->get_name() == "?-=?" ) {
1258	assert( appExpr->has_result() );
1259	assert( appExpr->get_args().size() == 2 );
1260	Type *baseType = isPolyPtr( appExpr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env );
1261	if ( baseType ) {
1262	UntypedExpr multiply = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "??" ) );
1263	multiply->get_args().push_back( appExpr->get_args().back() );
1264	multiply->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( baseType->clone() ) );
1265	appExpr->get_args().back() = multiply;
1266	} // if
1267	} // if
1268	return appExpr;
1269	} // if
1270	} // if
1271	return 0;
1272	}
1273
1274	Expression Pass1::mutate( ApplicationExpr appExpr ) {
1275	// std::cerr << "mutate appExpr: ";
1276	// for ( TyVarMap::iterator i = scopeTyVars.begin(); i != scopeTyVars.end(); ++i ) {
1277	// std::cerr << i->first << " ";
1278	// }
1279	// std::cerr << "\n";
1280	appExpr->get_function()->acceptMutator( *this );
1281	mutateAll( appExpr->get_args(), *this );
1282
1283	assert( appExpr->get_function()->has_result() );
1284	PointerType pointer = safe_dynamic_cast< PointerType >( appExpr->get_function()->get_result() );
1285	FunctionType function = safe_dynamic_cast< FunctionType >( pointer->get_base() );
1286
1287	if ( Expression *newExpr = handleIntrinsics( appExpr ) ) {
1288	return newExpr;
1289	} // if
1290
1291	Expression *ret = appExpr;
1292
1293	std::list< Expression *>::iterator arg = appExpr->get_args().begin();
1294	std::list< Expression *>::iterator paramBegin = appExpr->get_args().begin();
1295
1296	TyVarMap exprTyVars( TypeDecl::Data{} );
1297	makeTyVarMap( function, exprTyVars );
1298	ReferenceToType *dynRetType = isDynRet( function, exprTyVars );
1299	Type *concRetType = appExpr->get_result();// ?: dynRetType; // xxx - is concRetType a good name?
1300
1301	if ( dynRetType ) {
1302	ret = addDynRetParam( appExpr, function, concRetType, arg ); // xxx - used to use dynRetType instead of concRetType
1303	} else if ( needsAdapter( function, scopeTyVars ) ) {
1304	// std::cerr << "needs adapter: ";
1305	// printTyVarMap( std::cerr, scopeTyVars );
1306	// std::cerr << *env << std::endl;
1307	// change the application so it calls the adapter rather than the passed function
1308	ret = applyAdapter( appExpr, function, arg, scopeTyVars );
1309	} // if
1310	arg = appExpr->get_args().begin();
1311
1312	passTypeVars( appExpr, concRetType, arg, exprTyVars ); // xxx - used to use dynRetType instead of concRetType
1313	addInferredParams( appExpr, function, arg, exprTyVars );
1314
1315	arg = paramBegin;
1316
1317	boxParams( appExpr, function, arg, exprTyVars );
1318	passAdapters( appExpr, function, exprTyVars );
1319
1320	return ret;
1321	}
1322
1323	Expression Pass1::mutate( UntypedExpr expr ) {
1324	if ( expr->has_result() && isPolyType( expr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env ) ) {
1325	if ( NameExpr name = dynamic_cast< NameExpr >( expr->get_function() ) ) {
1326	if ( name->get_name() == "*?" ) {
1327	Expression *ret = expr->get_args().front();
1328	expr->get_args().clear();
1329	delete expr;
1330	return ret->acceptMutator( *this );
1331	} // if
1332	} // if
1333	} // if
1334	return PolyMutator::mutate( expr );
1335	}
1336
1337	Expression Pass1::mutate( AddressExpr addrExpr ) {
1338	assert( addrExpr->get_arg()->has_result() && ! addrExpr->get_arg()->get_result()->isVoid() );
1339
1340	bool needs = false;
1341	if ( UntypedExpr expr = dynamic_cast< UntypedExpr >( addrExpr->get_arg() ) ) {
1342	if ( expr->has_result() && isPolyType( expr->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env ) ) {
1343	if ( NameExpr name = dynamic_cast< NameExpr >( expr->get_function() ) ) {
1344	if ( name->get_name() == "*?" ) {
1345	if ( ApplicationExpr * appExpr = dynamic_cast< ApplicationExpr * >( expr->get_args().front() ) ) {
1346	assert( appExpr->get_function()->has_result() );
1347	PointerType pointer = safe_dynamic_cast< PointerType >( appExpr->get_function()->get_result() );
1348	FunctionType function = safe_dynamic_cast< FunctionType >( pointer->get_base() );
1349	needs = needsAdapter( function, scopeTyVars );
1350	} // if
1351	} // if
1352	} // if
1353	} // if
1354	} // if
1355	// isPolyType check needs to happen before mutating addrExpr arg, so pull it forward
1356	// out of the if condition.
1357	bool polytype = isPolyType( addrExpr->get_arg()->get_result(), scopeTyVars, env );
1358	addrExpr->set_arg( mutateExpression( addrExpr->get_arg() ) );
1359	if ( polytype \|\| needs ) {
1360	Expression *ret = addrExpr->get_arg();
1361	delete ret->get_result();
1362	ret->set_result( addrExpr->get_result()->clone() );
1363	addrExpr->set_arg( 0 );
1364	delete addrExpr;
1365	return ret;
1366	} else {
1367	return addrExpr;
1368	} // if
1369	}
1370
1371	/// Wraps a function declaration in a new pointer-to-function variable expression
1372	VariableExpr wrapFunctionDecl( DeclarationWithType functionDecl ) {
1373	// line below cloned from FixFunction.cc
1374	// xxx - functionObj is never added to a list of declarations...
1375	// alternatively, this function could return a new VariableExpr( functionDecl ) and change the result type of the new expression
1376	ObjectDecl *functionObj = new ObjectDecl( functionDecl->get_name(), functionDecl->get_storageClass(), functionDecl->get_linkage(), 0,
1377	new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), functionDecl->get_type()->clone() ), 0 );
1378	functionObj->set_mangleName( functionDecl->get_mangleName() );
1379	functionObj->set_scopeLevel( functionDecl->get_scopeLevel() );
1380	return new VariableExpr( functionObj );
1381	}
1382
1383	/// Finds the operation declaration for a given type in one of the two maps
1384	DeclarationWithType* findOpForType( Type formalType, const ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType >& ops, ResolvExpr::TypeMap< DeclarationWithType >& scopedOps ) {
1385	if ( TypeInstType formalTypeInstType = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( formalType ) ) {
1386	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType *>::const_iterator opIt = ops.find( formalTypeInstType->get_name() );
1387	return opIt == ops.end() ? 0 : opIt->second;
1388	} else {
1389	return scopedOps.find( formalType );
1390	}
1391	}
1392
1393	/// Adds an assertion parameter to the application expression for the actual assertion declaration valued with the assert op
1394	void addAssertionFor( ApplicationExpr appExpr, DeclarationWithType actualDecl, DeclarationWithType *assertOp ) {
1395	appExpr->get_inferParams()[ actualDecl->get_uniqueId() ]
1396	= ParamEntry( assertOp->get_uniqueId(), assertOp->get_type()->clone(), actualDecl->get_type()->clone(), wrapFunctionDecl( assertOp ) );
1397	}
1398
1399	Statement * Pass1::mutate( ReturnStmt *returnStmt ) {
1400	if ( retval && returnStmt->get_expr() ) {
1401	assert( returnStmt->get_expr()->has_result() && ! returnStmt->get_expr()->get_result()->isVoid() );
1402	// *** Code Removal *** After introducing a temporary variable for all return expressions, the following code appears superfluous.
1403	// if ( returnStmt->get_expr()->get_results().front()->get_isLvalue() ) {
1404	// by this point, a cast expr on a polymorphic return value is redundant
1405	while ( CastExpr castExpr = dynamic_cast< CastExpr >( returnStmt->get_expr() ) ) {
1406	returnStmt->set_expr( castExpr->get_arg() );
1407	returnStmt->get_expr()->set_env( castExpr->get_env() );
1408	castExpr->set_env( 0 );
1409	castExpr->set_arg( 0 );
1410	delete castExpr;
1411	} //while
1412
1413	// find assignment operator for (polymorphic) return type
1414	ApplicationExpr *assignExpr = 0;
1415	if ( TypeInstType typeInst = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( retval->get_type() ) ) {
1416	// find assignment operator for type variable
1417	ScopedMap< std::string, DeclarationWithType *>::const_iterator assignIter = assignOps.find( typeInst->get_name() );
1418	if ( assignIter == assignOps.end() ) {
1419	throw SemanticError( "Attempt to return dtype or ftype object in ", returnStmt->get_expr() );
1420	} // if
1421	assignExpr = new ApplicationExpr( new VariableExpr( assignIter->second ) );
1422	} else if ( ReferenceToType refType = dynamic_cast< ReferenceToType >( retval->get_type() ) ) {
1423	// find assignment operator for generic type
1424	DeclarationWithType *functionDecl = scopedAssignOps.find( refType );
1425	if ( ! functionDecl ) {
1426	throw SemanticError( "Attempt to return dtype or ftype generic object in ", returnStmt->get_expr() );
1427	}
1428
1429	// wrap it up in an application expression
1430	assignExpr = new ApplicationExpr( wrapFunctionDecl( functionDecl ) );
1431	assignExpr->set_env( env->clone() );
1432
1433	// find each of its needed secondary assignment operators
1434	std::list< Expression* > &tyParams = refType->get_parameters();
1435	Type::ForallList &forallParams = functionDecl->get_type()->get_forall();
1436	std::list< Expression* >::const_iterator tyIt = tyParams.begin();
1437	Type::ForallList::const_iterator forallIt = forallParams.begin();
1438	for ( ; tyIt != tyParams.end() && forallIt != forallParams.end(); ++tyIt, ++forallIt ) {
1439	// Add appropriate mapping to assignment expression environment
1440	TypeExpr formalTypeExpr = dynamic_cast< TypeExpr >( *tyIt );
1441	assert( formalTypeExpr && "type parameters must be type expressions" );
1442	Type *formalType = formalTypeExpr->get_type();
1443	assignExpr->get_env()->add( (*forallIt)->get_name(), formalType );
1444
1445	// skip non-otype parameters (ftype/dtype)
1446	// xxx - should this check whether the type is complete instead?
1447	if ( (*forallIt)->get_kind() != TypeDecl::Any ) continue;
1448
1449	// find otype operators for formal type
1450	DeclarationWithType *assertAssign = findOpForType( formalType, assignOps, scopedAssignOps );
1451	if ( ! assertAssign ) throw SemanticError( "No assignment operation found for ", formalType );
1452
1453	DeclarationWithType *assertCtor = findOpForType( formalType, ctorOps, scopedCtorOps );
1454	if ( ! assertCtor ) throw SemanticError( "No default constructor found for ", formalType );
1455
1456	DeclarationWithType *assertCopy = findOpForType( formalType, copyOps, scopedCopyOps );
1457	if ( ! assertCopy ) throw SemanticError( "No copy constructor found for ", formalType );
1458
1459	DeclarationWithType *assertDtor = findOpForType( formalType, dtorOps, scopedDtorOps );
1460	if ( ! assertDtor ) throw SemanticError( "No destructor found for ", formalType );
1461
1462	// add inferred parameters for otype operators to assignment expression
1463	// NOTE: Code here assumes that first four assertions are assign op, ctor, copy ctor, dtor, in that order
1464	std::list< DeclarationWithType* > &asserts = (*forallIt)->get_assertions();
1465	assert( asserts.size() >= 4 && "Type param needs otype operator assertions" );
1466
1467	std::list< DeclarationWithType* >::iterator actualIt = asserts.begin();
1468	addAssertionFor( assignExpr, *actualIt, assertAssign );
1469	++actualIt;
1470	addAssertionFor( assignExpr, *actualIt, assertCtor );
1471	++actualIt;
1472	addAssertionFor( assignExpr, *actualIt, assertCopy );
1473	++actualIt;
1474	addAssertionFor( assignExpr, *actualIt, assertDtor );
1475
1476	}
1477	}
1478	assert( assignExpr );
1479
1480	// replace return statement with appropriate assignment to out parameter
1481	Expression *retParm = new NameExpr( retval->get_name() );
1482	retParm->set_result( new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), retval->get_type()->clone() ) );
1483	assignExpr->get_args().push_back( retParm );
1484	assignExpr->get_args().push_back( returnStmt->get_expr() );
1485	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new ExprStmt( noLabels, mutateExpression( assignExpr ) ) );
1486	// } else {
1487	// useRetval = true;
1488	// stmtsToAdd.push_back( new ExprStmt( noLabels, mutateExpression( returnStmt->get_expr() ) ) );
1489	// useRetval = false;
1490	// } // if
1491	returnStmt->set_expr( 0 );
1492	} else {
1493	returnStmt->set_expr( mutateExpression( returnStmt->get_expr() ) );
1494	} // if
1495	return returnStmt;
1496	}
1497
1498	Type * Pass1::mutate( PointerType *pointerType ) {
1499	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
1500	makeTyVarMap( pointerType, scopeTyVars );
1501
1502	Type *ret = Mutator::mutate( pointerType );
1503
1504	scopeTyVars.endScope();
1505	return ret;
1506	}
1507
1508	Type * Pass1::mutate( FunctionType *functionType ) {
1509	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
1510	makeTyVarMap( functionType, scopeTyVars );
1511
1512	Type *ret = Mutator::mutate( functionType );
1513
1514	scopeTyVars.endScope();
1515	return ret;
1516	}
1517
1518	void Pass1::doBeginScope() {
1519	adapters.beginScope();
1520	scopedAssignOps.beginScope();
1521	scopedCtorOps.beginScope();
1522	scopedCopyOps.beginScope();
1523	scopedDtorOps.beginScope();
1524	}
1525
1526	void Pass1::doEndScope() {
1527	adapters.endScope();
1528	scopedAssignOps.endScope();
1529	scopedCtorOps.endScope();
1530	scopedCopyOps.endScope();
1531	scopedDtorOps.endScope();
1532	}
1533
1534	////////////////////////////////////////// Pass2 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
1535
1536	void Pass2::addAdapters( FunctionType *functionType ) {
1537	std::list< DeclarationWithType *> &paramList = functionType->get_parameters();
1538	std::list< FunctionType *> functions;
1539	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator arg = paramList.begin(); arg != paramList.end(); ++arg ) {
1540	Type orig = (arg)->get_type();
1541	findAndReplaceFunction( orig, functions, scopeTyVars, needsAdapter );
1542	(*arg)->set_type( orig );
1543	}
1544	std::set< std::string > adaptersDone;
1545	for ( std::list< FunctionType *>::iterator funType = functions.begin(); funType != functions.end(); ++funType ) {
1546	std::string mangleName = mangleAdapterName( *funType, scopeTyVars );
1547	if ( adaptersDone.find( mangleName ) == adaptersDone.end() ) {
1548	std::string adapterName = makeAdapterName( mangleName );
1549	paramList.push_front( new ObjectDecl( adapterName, DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0, new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), makeAdapterType( *funType, scopeTyVars ) ), 0 ) );
1550	adaptersDone.insert( adaptersDone.begin(), mangleName );
1551	}
1552	}
1553	// deleteAll( functions );
1554	}
1555
1556	template< typename DeclClass >
1557	DeclClass * Pass2::handleDecl( DeclClass decl, Type type ) {
1558	DeclClass ret = static_cast< DeclClass >( Mutator::mutate( decl ) );
1559
1560	return ret;
1561	}
1562
1563	/// determines if `pref` is a prefix of `str`
1564	bool isPrefix( const std::string & str, const std::string & pref ) {
1565	if ( pref.size() > str.size() ) return false;
1566	auto its = std::mismatch( pref.begin(), pref.end(), str.begin() );
1567	return its.first == pref.end();
1568	}
1569
1570	DeclarationWithType * Pass2::mutate( FunctionDecl *functionDecl ) {
1571	if ( ! LinkageSpec::isBuiltin( functionDecl->get_linkage() ) ) {
1572	// std::cerr << "mutating function: " << functionDecl->get_name() << std::endl;
1573	}
1574	functionDecl = safe_dynamic_cast< FunctionDecl * > ( handleDecl( functionDecl, functionDecl->get_functionType() ) );
1575	FunctionType * ftype = functionDecl->get_functionType();
1576	if ( ! ftype->get_returnVals().empty() && functionDecl->get_statements() ) {
1577	if ( functionDecl->get_name() != "?=?" && ! isPrefix( functionDecl->get_name(), "_thunk" ) ) { // xxx - remove check for ?=? once reference types are in; remove check for prefix once thunks properly use ctor/dtors
1578	assert( ftype->get_returnVals().size() == 1 );
1579	DeclarationWithType * retval = ftype->get_returnVals().front();
1580	if ( retval->get_name() == "" ) {
1581	retval->set_name( "_retval" );
1582	}
1583	functionDecl->get_statements()->get_kids().push_front( new DeclStmt( noLabels, retval ) );
1584	DeclarationWithType * newRet = retval->clone(); // for ownership purposes
1585	ftype->get_returnVals().front() = newRet;
1586	}
1587	}
1588	return functionDecl;
1589	}
1590
1591	ObjectDecl * Pass2::mutate( ObjectDecl *objectDecl ) {
1592	return handleDecl( objectDecl, objectDecl->get_type() );
1593	}
1594
1595	TypeDecl * Pass2::mutate( TypeDecl *typeDecl ) {
1596	addToTyVarMap( typeDecl, scopeTyVars );
1597	if ( typeDecl->get_base() ) {
1598	return handleDecl( typeDecl, typeDecl->get_base() );
1599	} else {
1600	return Mutator::mutate( typeDecl );
1601	}
1602	}
1603
1604	TypedefDecl * Pass2::mutate( TypedefDecl *typedefDecl ) {
1605	return handleDecl( typedefDecl, typedefDecl->get_base() );
1606	}
1607
1608	Type * Pass2::mutate( PointerType *pointerType ) {
1609	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
1610	makeTyVarMap( pointerType, scopeTyVars );
1611
1612	Type *ret = Mutator::mutate( pointerType );
1613
1614	scopeTyVars.endScope();
1615	return ret;
1616	}
1617
1618	Type Pass2::mutate( FunctionType funcType ) {
1619	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
1620	makeTyVarMap( funcType, scopeTyVars );
1621
1622	// move polymorphic return type to parameter list
1623	if ( isDynRet( funcType ) ) {
1624	ObjectDecl ret = safe_dynamic_cast< ObjectDecl >( funcType->get_returnVals().front() );
1625	ret->set_type( new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), ret->get_type() ) );
1626	funcType->get_parameters().push_front( ret );
1627	funcType->get_returnVals().pop_front();
1628	ret->set_init( nullptr ); // xxx - memory leak?
1629	}
1630
1631	// add size/align and assertions for type parameters to parameter list
1632	std::list< DeclarationWithType *>::iterator last = funcType->get_parameters().begin();
1633	std::list< DeclarationWithType *> inferredParams;
1634	ObjectDecl newObj( "", DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0, new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt ), 0 );
1635	ObjectDecl newPtr( "", DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0,
1636	new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt ) ), 0 );
1637	for ( Type::ForallList::const_iterator tyParm = funcType->get_forall().begin(); tyParm != funcType->get_forall().end(); ++tyParm ) {
1638	ObjectDecl sizeParm, alignParm;
1639	// add all size and alignment parameters to parameter list
1640	if ( (*tyParm)->isComplete() ) {
1641	TypeInstType parmType( Type::Qualifiers(), (tyParm)->get_name(), tyParm );
1642	std::string parmName = mangleType( &parmType );
1643
1644	sizeParm = newObj.clone();
1645	sizeParm->set_name( sizeofName( parmName ) );
1646	last = funcType->get_parameters().insert( last, sizeParm );
1647	++last;
1648
1649	alignParm = newObj.clone();
1650	alignParm->set_name( alignofName( parmName ) );
1651	last = funcType->get_parameters().insert( last, alignParm );
1652	++last;
1653	}
1654	// move all assertions into parameter list
1655	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType >::iterator assert = (tyParm)->get_assertions().begin(); assert != (*tyParm)->get_assertions().end(); ++assert ) {
1656	// assert = (assert)->acceptMutator( *this );
1657	inferredParams.push_back( *assert );
1658	}
1659	(*tyParm)->get_assertions().clear();
1660	}
1661
1662	// add size/align for generic parameter types to parameter list
1663	std::set< std::string > seenTypes; // sizeofName for generic types we've seen
1664	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType* >::const_iterator fnParm = last; fnParm != funcType->get_parameters().end(); ++fnParm ) {
1665	Type polyType = isPolyType( (fnParm)->get_type(), scopeTyVars );
1666	if ( polyType && ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( polyType ) ) {
1667	std::string typeName = mangleType( polyType );
1668	if ( seenTypes.count( typeName ) ) continue;
1669
1670	ObjectDecl sizeParm, alignParm, *offsetParm;
1671	sizeParm = newObj.clone();
1672	sizeParm->set_name( sizeofName( typeName ) );
1673	last = funcType->get_parameters().insert( last, sizeParm );
1674	++last;
1675
1676	alignParm = newObj.clone();
1677	alignParm->set_name( alignofName( typeName ) );
1678	last = funcType->get_parameters().insert( last, alignParm );
1679	++last;
1680
1681	if ( StructInstType polyBaseStruct = dynamic_cast< StructInstType >( polyType ) ) {
1682	// NOTE zero-length arrays are illegal in C, so empty structs have no offset array
1683	if ( ! polyBaseStruct->get_baseStruct()->get_members().empty() ) {
1684	offsetParm = newPtr.clone();
1685	offsetParm->set_name( offsetofName( typeName ) );
1686	last = funcType->get_parameters().insert( last, offsetParm );
1687	++last;
1688	}
1689	}
1690
1691	seenTypes.insert( typeName );
1692	}
1693	}
1694
1695	// splice assertion parameters into parameter list
1696	funcType->get_parameters().splice( last, inferredParams );
1697	addAdapters( funcType );
1698	mutateAll( funcType->get_returnVals(), *this );
1699	mutateAll( funcType->get_parameters(), *this );
1700
1701	scopeTyVars.endScope();
1702	return funcType;
1703	}
1704
1705	////////////////////////////////////////// PolyGenericCalculator ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
1706
1707	void PolyGenericCalculator::beginTypeScope( Type *ty ) {
1708	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
1709	makeTyVarMap( ty, scopeTyVars );
1710	}
1711
1712	void PolyGenericCalculator::endTypeScope() {
1713	scopeTyVars.endScope();
1714	}
1715
1716	template< typename DeclClass >
1717	DeclClass * PolyGenericCalculator::handleDecl( DeclClass decl, Type type ) {
1718	beginTypeScope( type );
1719	// knownLayouts.beginScope();
1720	// knownOffsets.beginScope();
1721
1722	DeclClass ret = static_cast< DeclClass >( Parent::mutate( decl ) );
1723
1724	// knownOffsets.endScope();
1725	// knownLayouts.endScope();
1726	endTypeScope();
1727	return ret;
1728	}
1729
1730	ObjectDecl * PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( ObjectDecl *objectDecl ) {
1731	return handleDecl( objectDecl, objectDecl->get_type() );
1732	}
1733
1734	DeclarationWithType * PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( FunctionDecl *functionDecl ) {
1735	knownLayouts.beginScope();
1736	knownOffsets.beginScope();
1737
1738	DeclarationWithType * decl = handleDecl( functionDecl, functionDecl->get_functionType() );
1739	knownOffsets.endScope();
1740	knownLayouts.endScope();
1741	return decl;
1742	}
1743
1744	TypedefDecl * PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( TypedefDecl *typedefDecl ) {
1745	return handleDecl( typedefDecl, typedefDecl->get_base() );
1746	}
1747
1748	TypeDecl * PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( TypeDecl *typeDecl ) {
1749	addToTyVarMap( typeDecl, scopeTyVars );
1750	return Parent::mutate( typeDecl );
1751	}
1752
1753	Type * PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( PointerType *pointerType ) {
1754	beginTypeScope( pointerType );
1755
1756	Type *ret = Parent::mutate( pointerType );
1757
1758	endTypeScope();
1759	return ret;
1760	}
1761
1762	Type * PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( FunctionType *funcType ) {
1763	beginTypeScope( funcType );
1764
1765	// make sure that any type information passed into the function is accounted for
1766	for ( std::list< DeclarationWithType* >::const_iterator fnParm = funcType->get_parameters().begin(); fnParm != funcType->get_parameters().end(); ++fnParm ) {
1767	// condition here duplicates that in Pass2::mutate( FunctionType* )
1768	Type polyType = isPolyType( (fnParm)->get_type(), scopeTyVars );
1769	if ( polyType && ! dynamic_cast< TypeInstType* >( polyType ) ) {
1770	knownLayouts.insert( mangleType( polyType ) );
1771	}
1772	}
1773
1774	Type *ret = Parent::mutate( funcType );
1775
1776	endTypeScope();
1777	return ret;
1778	}
1779
1780	Statement PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( DeclStmt declStmt ) {
1781	if ( ObjectDecl objectDecl = dynamic_cast< ObjectDecl >( declStmt->get_decl() ) ) {
1782	if ( findGeneric( objectDecl->get_type() ) ) {
1783	// change initialization of a polymorphic value object
1784	// to allocate storage with alloca
1785	Type *declType = objectDecl->get_type();
1786	UntypedExpr *alloc = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "__builtin_alloca" ) );
1787	alloc->get_args().push_back( new NameExpr( sizeofName( mangleType( declType ) ) ) );
1788
1789	delete objectDecl->get_init();
1790
1791	std::list<Expression*> designators;
1792	objectDecl->set_init( new SingleInit( alloc, designators, false ) ); // not constructed
1793	}
1794	}
1795	return Parent::mutate( declStmt );
1796	}
1797
1798	/// Finds the member in the base list that matches the given declaration; returns its index, or -1 if not present
1799	long findMember( DeclarationWithType memberDecl, std::list< Declaration > &baseDecls ) {
1800	long i = 0;
1801	for(std::list< Declaration* >::const_iterator decl = baseDecls.begin(); decl != baseDecls.end(); ++decl, ++i ) {
1802	if ( memberDecl->get_name() != (*decl)->get_name() ) continue;
1803
1804	if ( DeclarationWithType declWithType = dynamic_cast< DeclarationWithType >( *decl ) ) {
1805	if ( memberDecl->get_mangleName().empty() \|\| declWithType->get_mangleName().empty()
1806	\|\| memberDecl->get_mangleName() == declWithType->get_mangleName() ) return i;
1807	else continue;
1808	} else return i;
1809	}
1810	return -1;
1811	}
1812
1813	/// Returns an index expression into the offset array for a type
1814	Expression makeOffsetIndex( Type objectType, long i ) {
1815	std::stringstream offset_namer;
1816	offset_namer << i;
1817	ConstantExpr *fieldIndex = new ConstantExpr( Constant( new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt ), offset_namer.str() ) );
1818	UntypedExpr *fieldOffset = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?[?]" ) );
1819	fieldOffset->get_args().push_back( new NameExpr( offsetofName( mangleType( objectType ) ) ) );
1820	fieldOffset->get_args().push_back( fieldIndex );
1821	return fieldOffset;
1822	}
1823
1824	/// Returns an expression dereferenced n times
1825	Expression makeDerefdVar( Expression derefdVar, long n ) {
1826	for ( int i = 1; i < n; ++i ) {
1827	UntypedExpr derefExpr = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?" ) );
1828	derefExpr->get_args().push_back( derefdVar );
1829	// xxx - should set results on derefExpr
1830	derefdVar = derefExpr;
1831	}
1832	return derefdVar;
1833	}
1834
1835	Expression PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( MemberExpr memberExpr ) {
1836	// mutate, exiting early if no longer MemberExpr
1837	Expression *expr = Parent::mutate( memberExpr );
1838	memberExpr = dynamic_cast< MemberExpr* >( expr );
1839	if ( ! memberExpr ) return expr;
1840
1841	// get declaration for base struct, exiting early if not found
1842	int varDepth;
1843	VariableExpr *varExpr = getBaseVar( memberExpr->get_aggregate(), &varDepth );
1844	if ( ! varExpr ) return memberExpr;
1845	ObjectDecl objectDecl = dynamic_cast< ObjectDecl >( varExpr->get_var() );
1846	if ( ! objectDecl ) return memberExpr;
1847
1848	// only mutate member expressions for polymorphic types
1849	int tyDepth;
1850	Type *objectType = hasPolyBase( objectDecl->get_type(), scopeTyVars, &tyDepth );
1851	if ( ! objectType ) return memberExpr;
1852	findGeneric( objectType ); // ensure layout for this type is available
1853
1854	// replace member expression with dynamically-computed layout expression
1855	Expression *newMemberExpr = 0;
1856	if ( StructInstType structType = dynamic_cast< StructInstType >( objectType ) ) {
1857	// look up offset index
1858	long i = findMember( memberExpr->get_member(), structType->get_baseStruct()->get_members() );
1859	if ( i == -1 ) return memberExpr;
1860
1861	// replace member expression with pointer to base plus offset
1862	UntypedExpr *fieldLoc = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?+?" ) );
1863	fieldLoc->get_args().push_back( makeDerefdVar( varExpr->clone(), varDepth ) );
1864	fieldLoc->get_args().push_back( makeOffsetIndex( objectType, i ) );
1865	newMemberExpr = fieldLoc;
1866	} else if ( dynamic_cast< UnionInstType* >( objectType ) ) {
1867	// union members are all at offset zero, so build appropriately-dereferenced variable
1868	newMemberExpr = makeDerefdVar( varExpr->clone(), varDepth );
1869	} else return memberExpr;
1870	assert( newMemberExpr );
1871
1872	Type *memberType = memberExpr->get_member()->get_type();
1873	if ( ! isPolyType( memberType, scopeTyVars ) ) {
1874	// Not all members of a polymorphic type are themselves of polymorphic type; in this case the member expression should be wrapped and dereferenced to form an lvalue
1875	CastExpr *ptrCastExpr = new CastExpr( newMemberExpr, new PointerType( Type::Qualifiers(), memberType->clone() ) );
1876	UntypedExpr derefExpr = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( "?" ) );
1877	derefExpr->get_args().push_back( ptrCastExpr );
1878	newMemberExpr = derefExpr;
1879	}
1880
1881	delete memberExpr;
1882	return newMemberExpr;
1883	}
1884
1885	ObjectDecl PolyGenericCalculator::makeVar( const std::string &name, Type type, Initializer *init ) {
1886	ObjectDecl *newObj = new ObjectDecl( name, DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::C, 0, type, init );
1887	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new DeclStmt( noLabels, newObj ) );
1888	return newObj;
1889	}
1890
1891	void PolyGenericCalculator::addOtypeParamsToLayoutCall( UntypedExpr layoutCall, const std::list< Type > &otypeParams ) {
1892	for ( std::list< Type* >::const_iterator param = otypeParams.begin(); param != otypeParams.end(); ++param ) {
1893	if ( findGeneric( *param ) ) {
1894	// push size/align vars for a generic parameter back
1895	std::string paramName = mangleType( *param );
1896	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new NameExpr( sizeofName( paramName ) ) );
1897	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new NameExpr( alignofName( paramName ) ) );
1898	} else {
1899	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new SizeofExpr( (*param)->clone() ) );
1900	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new AlignofExpr( (*param)->clone() ) );
1901	}
1902	}
1903	}
1904
1905	/// returns true if any of the otype parameters have a dynamic layout and puts all otype parameters in the output list
1906	bool findGenericParams( std::list< TypeDecl* > &baseParams, std::list< Expression* > &typeParams, std::list< Type* > &out ) {
1907	bool hasDynamicLayout = false;
1908
1909	std::list< TypeDecl* >::const_iterator baseParam = baseParams.begin();
1910	std::list< Expression* >::const_iterator typeParam = typeParams.begin();
1911	for ( ; baseParam != baseParams.end() && typeParam != typeParams.end(); ++baseParam, ++typeParam ) {
1912	// skip non-otype parameters
1913	if ( ! (*baseParam)->isComplete() ) continue;
1914	TypeExpr typeExpr = dynamic_cast< TypeExpr >( *typeParam );
1915	assert( typeExpr && "all otype parameters should be type expressions" );
1916
1917	Type *type = typeExpr->get_type();
1918	out.push_back( type );
1919	if ( isPolyType( type ) ) hasDynamicLayout = true;
1920	}
1921	assert( baseParam == baseParams.end() && typeParam == typeParams.end() );
1922
1923	return hasDynamicLayout;
1924	}
1925
1926	bool PolyGenericCalculator::findGeneric( Type *ty ) {
1927	ty = replaceTypeInst( ty, env );
1928
1929	if ( TypeInstType typeInst = dynamic_cast< TypeInstType >( ty ) ) {
1930	if ( scopeTyVars.find( typeInst->get_name() ) != scopeTyVars.end() ) {
1931	// NOTE assumes here that getting put in the scopeTyVars included having the layout variables set
1932	return true;
1933	}
1934	return false;
1935	} else if ( StructInstType structTy = dynamic_cast< StructInstType >( ty ) ) {
1936	// check if this type already has a layout generated for it
1937	std::string typeName = mangleType( ty );
1938	if ( knownLayouts.find( typeName ) != knownLayouts.end() ) return true;
1939
1940	// check if any of the type parameters have dynamic layout; if none do, this type is (or will be) monomorphized
1941	std::list< Type* > otypeParams;
1942	if ( ! findGenericParams( *structTy->get_baseParameters(), structTy->get_parameters(), otypeParams ) ) return false;
1943
1944	// insert local variables for layout and generate call to layout function
1945	knownLayouts.insert( typeName ); // done early so as not to interfere with the later addition of parameters to the layout call
1946	Type *layoutType = new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt );
1947
1948	int n_members = structTy->get_baseStruct()->get_members().size();
1949	if ( n_members == 0 ) {
1950	// all empty structs have the same layout - size 1, align 1
1951	makeVar( sizeofName( typeName ), layoutType, new SingleInit( new ConstantExpr( Constant::from_ulong( (unsigned long)1 ) ) ) );
1952	makeVar( alignofName( typeName ), layoutType->clone(), new SingleInit( new ConstantExpr( Constant::from_ulong( (unsigned long)1 ) ) ) );
1953	// NOTE zero-length arrays are forbidden in C, so empty structs have no offsetof array
1954	} else {
1955	ObjectDecl *sizeVar = makeVar( sizeofName( typeName ), layoutType );
1956	ObjectDecl *alignVar = makeVar( alignofName( typeName ), layoutType->clone() );
1957	ObjectDecl *offsetVar = makeVar( offsetofName( typeName ), new ArrayType( Type::Qualifiers(), layoutType->clone(), new ConstantExpr( Constant::from_int( n_members ) ), false, false ) );
1958
1959	// generate call to layout function
1960	UntypedExpr *layoutCall = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( layoutofName( structTy->get_baseStruct() ) ) );
1961	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new AddressExpr( new VariableExpr( sizeVar ) ) );
1962	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new AddressExpr( new VariableExpr( alignVar ) ) );
1963	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new VariableExpr( offsetVar ) );
1964	addOtypeParamsToLayoutCall( layoutCall, otypeParams );
1965
1966	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new ExprStmt( noLabels, layoutCall ) );
1967	}
1968
1969	return true;
1970	} else if ( UnionInstType unionTy = dynamic_cast< UnionInstType >( ty ) ) {
1971	// check if this type already has a layout generated for it
1972	std::string typeName = mangleType( ty );
1973	if ( knownLayouts.find( typeName ) != knownLayouts.end() ) return true;
1974
1975	// check if any of the type parameters have dynamic layout; if none do, this type is (or will be) monomorphized
1976	std::list< Type* > otypeParams;
1977	if ( ! findGenericParams( *unionTy->get_baseParameters(), unionTy->get_parameters(), otypeParams ) ) return false;
1978
1979	// insert local variables for layout and generate call to layout function
1980	knownLayouts.insert( typeName ); // done early so as not to interfere with the later addition of parameters to the layout call
1981	Type *layoutType = new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt );
1982
1983	ObjectDecl *sizeVar = makeVar( sizeofName( typeName ), layoutType );
1984	ObjectDecl *alignVar = makeVar( alignofName( typeName ), layoutType->clone() );
1985
1986	// generate call to layout function
1987	UntypedExpr *layoutCall = new UntypedExpr( new NameExpr( layoutofName( unionTy->get_baseUnion() ) ) );
1988	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new AddressExpr( new VariableExpr( sizeVar ) ) );
1989	layoutCall->get_args().push_back( new AddressExpr( new VariableExpr( alignVar ) ) );
1990	addOtypeParamsToLayoutCall( layoutCall, otypeParams );
1991
1992	stmtsToAdd.push_back( new ExprStmt( noLabels, layoutCall ) );
1993
1994	return true;
1995	}
1996
1997	return false;
1998	}
1999
2000	Expression PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( SizeofExpr sizeofExpr ) {
2001	Type *ty = sizeofExpr->get_type();
2002	if ( findGeneric( ty ) ) {
2003	Expression *ret = new NameExpr( sizeofName( mangleType( ty ) ) );
2004	delete sizeofExpr;
2005	return ret;
2006	}
2007	return sizeofExpr;
2008	}
2009
2010	Expression PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( AlignofExpr alignofExpr ) {
2011	Type *ty = alignofExpr->get_type();
2012	if ( findGeneric( ty ) ) {
2013	Expression *ret = new NameExpr( alignofName( mangleType( ty ) ) );
2014	delete alignofExpr;
2015	return ret;
2016	}
2017	return alignofExpr;
2018	}
2019
2020	Expression PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( OffsetofExpr offsetofExpr ) {
2021	// mutate, exiting early if no longer OffsetofExpr
2022	Expression *expr = Parent::mutate( offsetofExpr );
2023	offsetofExpr = dynamic_cast< OffsetofExpr* >( expr );
2024	if ( ! offsetofExpr ) return expr;
2025
2026	// only mutate expressions for polymorphic structs/unions
2027	Type *ty = offsetofExpr->get_type();
2028	if ( ! findGeneric( ty ) ) return offsetofExpr;
2029
2030	if ( StructInstType structType = dynamic_cast< StructInstType >( ty ) ) {
2031	// replace offsetof expression by index into offset array
2032	long i = findMember( offsetofExpr->get_member(), structType->get_baseStruct()->get_members() );
2033	if ( i == -1 ) return offsetofExpr;
2034
2035	Expression *offsetInd = makeOffsetIndex( ty, i );
2036	delete offsetofExpr;
2037	return offsetInd;
2038	} else if ( dynamic_cast< UnionInstType* >( ty ) ) {
2039	// all union members are at offset zero
2040	delete offsetofExpr;
2041	return new ConstantExpr( Constant( new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt ), "0" ) );
2042	} else return offsetofExpr;
2043	}
2044
2045	Expression PolyGenericCalculator::mutate( OffsetPackExpr offsetPackExpr ) {
2046	StructInstType *ty = offsetPackExpr->get_type();
2047
2048	Expression *ret = 0;
2049	if ( findGeneric( ty ) ) {
2050	// pull offset back from generated type information
2051	ret = new NameExpr( offsetofName( mangleType( ty ) ) );
2052	} else {
2053	std::string offsetName = offsetofName( mangleType( ty ) );
2054	if ( knownOffsets.find( offsetName ) != knownOffsets.end() ) {
2055	// use the already-generated offsets for this type
2056	ret = new NameExpr( offsetName );
2057	} else {
2058	knownOffsets.insert( offsetName );
2059
2060	std::list< Declaration* > &baseMembers = ty->get_baseStruct()->get_members();
2061	Type *offsetType = new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::LongUnsignedInt );
2062
2063	// build initializer list for offset array
2064	std::list< Initializer* > inits;
2065	for ( std::list< Declaration* >::const_iterator member = baseMembers.begin(); member != baseMembers.end(); ++member ) {
2066	DeclarationWithType *memberDecl;
2067	if ( DeclarationWithType origMember = dynamic_cast< DeclarationWithType >( *member ) ) {
2068	memberDecl = origMember->clone();
2069	} else {
2070	memberDecl = new ObjectDecl( (*member)->get_name(), DeclarationNode::NoStorageClass, LinkageSpec::Cforall, 0, offsetType->clone(), 0 );
2071	}
2072	inits.push_back( new SingleInit( new OffsetofExpr( ty->clone(), memberDecl ) ) );
2073	}
2074
2075	// build the offset array and replace the pack with a reference to it
2076	ObjectDecl *offsetArray = makeVar( offsetName, new ArrayType( Type::Qualifiers(), offsetType, new ConstantExpr( Constant::from_ulong( baseMembers.size() ) ), false, false ),
2077	new ListInit( inits ) );
2078	ret = new VariableExpr( offsetArray );
2079	}
2080	}
2081
2082	delete offsetPackExpr;
2083	return ret;
2084	}
2085
2086	void PolyGenericCalculator::doBeginScope() {
2087	knownLayouts.beginScope();
2088	knownOffsets.beginScope();
2089	}
2090
2091	void PolyGenericCalculator::doEndScope() {
2092	knownLayouts.endScope();
2093	knownOffsets.endScope();
2094	}
2095
2096	////////////////////////////////////////// Pass3 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2097
2098	template< typename DeclClass >
2099	DeclClass * Pass3::handleDecl( DeclClass decl, Type type ) {
2100	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
2101	makeTyVarMap( type, scopeTyVars );
2102
2103	DeclClass ret = static_cast< DeclClass >( Mutator::mutate( decl ) );
2104	ScrubTyVars::scrub( decl, scopeTyVars );
2105
2106	scopeTyVars.endScope();
2107	return ret;
2108	}
2109
2110	ObjectDecl * Pass3::mutate( ObjectDecl *objectDecl ) {
2111	return handleDecl( objectDecl, objectDecl->get_type() );
2112	}
2113
2114	DeclarationWithType * Pass3::mutate( FunctionDecl *functionDecl ) {
2115	return handleDecl( functionDecl, functionDecl->get_functionType() );
2116	}
2117
2118	TypedefDecl * Pass3::mutate( TypedefDecl *typedefDecl ) {
2119	return handleDecl( typedefDecl, typedefDecl->get_base() );
2120	}
2121
2122	TypeDecl * Pass3::mutate( TypeDecl *typeDecl ) {
2123	// Initializer *init = 0;
2124	// std::list< Expression *> designators;
2125	// addToTyVarMap( typeDecl, scopeTyVars );
2126	// if ( typeDecl->get_base() ) {
2127	// init = new SimpleInit( new SizeofExpr( handleDecl( typeDecl, typeDecl->get_base() ) ), designators );
2128	// }
2129	// return new ObjectDecl( typeDecl->get_name(), Declaration::Extern, LinkageSpec::C, 0, new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::UnsignedInt ), init );
2130
2131	addToTyVarMap( typeDecl, scopeTyVars );
2132	return Mutator::mutate( typeDecl );
2133	}
2134
2135	Type * Pass3::mutate( PointerType *pointerType ) {
2136	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
2137	makeTyVarMap( pointerType, scopeTyVars );
2138
2139	Type *ret = Mutator::mutate( pointerType );
2140
2141	scopeTyVars.endScope();
2142	return ret;
2143	}
2144
2145	Type * Pass3::mutate( FunctionType *functionType ) {
2146	scopeTyVars.beginScope();
2147	makeTyVarMap( functionType, scopeTyVars );
2148
2149	Type *ret = Mutator::mutate( functionType );
2150
2151	scopeTyVars.endScope();
2152	return ret;
2153	}
2154	} // anonymous namespace
2155	} // namespace GenPoly
2156
2157	// Local Variables: //
2158	// tab-width: 4 //
2159	// mode: c++ //
2160	// compile-command: "make install" //
2161	// End: //

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