| 1 | //
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| 2 | // Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2016 University of Waterloo
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| 3 | //
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| 4 | // The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
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| 5 | // file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
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| 6 | //
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| 7 | // rational.c --
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| 8 | //
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| 9 | // Author : Peter A. Buhr
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| 10 | // Created On : Wed Apr 6 17:54:28 2016
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| 11 | // Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
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| 12 | // Last Modified On : Tue Jul 20 16:30:06 2021
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| 13 | // Update Count : 193
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| 14 | //
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| 15 |
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| 16 | #include "rational.hfa"
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| 17 | #include "fstream.hfa"
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| 18 | #include "stdlib.hfa"
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| 19 |
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| 20 | forall( T | Arithmetic( T ) ) {
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| 21 | // helper routines
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| 22 |
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| 23 | // Calculate greatest common denominator of two numbers, the first of which may be negative. Used to reduce
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| 24 | // rationals. alternative: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_GCD_algorithm
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| 25 | static T gcd( T a, T b ) {
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| 26 | for ( ;; ) { // Euclid's algorithm
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| 27 | T r = a % b;
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| 28 | if ( r == (T){0} ) break;
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| 29 | a = b;
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| 30 | b = r;
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| 31 | } // for
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| 32 | return b;
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| 33 | } // gcd
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| 34 |
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| 35 | static T simplify( T & n, T & d ) {
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| 36 | if ( d == (T){0} ) {
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| 37 | abort | "Invalid rational number construction: denominator cannot be equal to 0.";
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| 38 | } // exit
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| 39 | if ( d < (T){0} ) { d = -d; n = -n; } // move sign to numerator
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| 40 | return gcd( abs( n ), d ); // simplify
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| 41 | } // Rationalnumber::simplify
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| 42 |
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| 43 | // constructors
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| 44 |
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| 45 | void ?{}( Rational(T) & r, zero_t ) {
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| 46 | r{ (T){0}, (T){1} };
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| 47 | } // rational
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| 48 |
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| 49 | void ?{}( Rational(T) & r, one_t ) {
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| 50 | r{ (T){1}, (T){1} };
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| 51 | } // rational
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| 52 |
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| 53 | void ?{}( Rational(T) & r ) {
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| 54 | r{ (T){0}, (T){1} };
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| 55 | } // rational
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| 56 |
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| 57 | void ?{}( Rational(T) & r, T n ) {
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| 58 | r{ n, (T){1} };
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| 59 | } // rational
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| 60 |
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| 61 | void ?{}( Rational(T) & r, T n, T d ) {
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| 62 | T t = simplify( n, d ); // simplify
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| 63 | r.[numerator, denominator] = [n / t, d / t];
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| 64 | } // rational
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| 65 |
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| 66 | // getter for numerator/denominator
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| 67 |
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| 68 | T numerator( Rational(T) r ) {
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| 69 | return r.numerator;
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| 70 | } // numerator
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| 71 |
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| 72 | T denominator( Rational(T) r ) {
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| 73 | return r.denominator;
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| 74 | } // denominator
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| 75 |
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| 76 | [ T, T ] ?=?( & [ T, T ] dest, Rational(T) src ) {
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| 77 | return dest = src.[ numerator, denominator ];
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| 78 | } // ?=?
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| 79 |
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| 80 | // setter for numerator/denominator
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| 81 |
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| 82 | T numerator( Rational(T) r, T n ) {
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| 83 | T prev = r.numerator;
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| 84 | T t = gcd( abs( n ), r.denominator ); // simplify
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| 85 | r.[numerator, denominator] = [n / t, r.denominator / t];
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| 86 | return prev;
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| 87 | } // numerator
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| 88 |
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| 89 | T denominator( Rational(T) r, T d ) {
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| 90 | T prev = r.denominator;
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| 91 | T t = simplify( r.numerator, d ); // simplify
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| 92 | r.[numerator, denominator] = [r.numerator / t, d / t];
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| 93 | return prev;
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| 94 | } // denominator
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| 95 |
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| 96 | // comparison
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| 97 |
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| 98 | int ?==?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 99 | return l.numerator * r.denominator == l.denominator * r.numerator;
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| 100 | } // ?==?
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| 101 |
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| 102 | int ?!=?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 103 | return ! ( l == r );
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| 104 | } // ?!=?
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| 105 |
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| 106 | int ?!=?( Rational(T) l, zero_t ) {
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| 107 | return ! ( l == (Rational(T)){ 0 } );
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| 108 | } // ?!=?
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| 109 |
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| 110 | int ?<?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 111 | return l.numerator * r.denominator < l.denominator * r.numerator;
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| 112 | } // ?<?
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| 113 |
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| 114 | int ?<=?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 115 | return l.numerator * r.denominator <= l.denominator * r.numerator;
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| 116 | } // ?<=?
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| 117 |
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| 118 | int ?>?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 119 | return ! ( l <= r );
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| 120 | } // ?>?
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| 121 |
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| 122 | int ?>=?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 123 | return ! ( l < r );
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| 124 | } // ?>=?
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| 125 |
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| 126 | // arithmetic
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| 127 |
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| 128 | Rational(T) +?( Rational(T) r ) {
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| 129 | return (Rational(T)){ r.numerator, r.denominator };
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| 130 | } // +?
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| 131 |
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| 132 | Rational(T) -?( Rational(T) r ) {
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| 133 | return (Rational(T)){ -r.numerator, r.denominator };
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| 134 | } // -?
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| 135 |
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| 136 | Rational(T) ?+?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 137 | if ( l.denominator == r.denominator ) { // special case
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| 138 | return (Rational(T)){ l.numerator + r.numerator, l.denominator };
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| 139 | } else {
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| 140 | return (Rational(T)){ l.numerator * r.denominator + l.denominator * r.numerator, l.denominator * r.denominator };
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| 141 | } // if
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| 142 | } // ?+?
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| 143 |
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| 144 | Rational(T) ?+=?( Rational(T) & l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 145 | l = l + r;
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| 146 | return l;
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| 147 | } // ?+?
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| 148 |
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| 149 | Rational(T) ?+=?( Rational(T) & l, one_t ) {
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| 150 | l = l + (Rational(T)){ 1 };
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| 151 | return l;
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| 152 | } // ?+?
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| 153 |
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| 154 | Rational(T) ?-?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 155 | if ( l.denominator == r.denominator ) { // special case
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| 156 | return (Rational(T)){ l.numerator - r.numerator, l.denominator };
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| 157 | } else {
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| 158 | return (Rational(T)){ l.numerator * r.denominator - l.denominator * r.numerator, l.denominator * r.denominator };
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| 159 | } // if
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| 160 | } // ?-?
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| 161 |
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| 162 | Rational(T) ?-=?( Rational(T) & l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 163 | l = l - r;
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| 164 | return l;
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| 165 | } // ?-?
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| 166 |
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| 167 | Rational(T) ?-=?( Rational(T) & l, one_t ) {
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| 168 | l = l - (Rational(T)){ 1 };
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| 169 | return l;
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| 170 | } // ?-?
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| 171 |
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| 172 | Rational(T) ?*?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 173 | return (Rational(T)){ l.numerator * r.numerator, l.denominator * r.denominator };
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| 174 | } // ?*?
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| 175 |
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| 176 | Rational(T) ?*=?( Rational(T) & l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 177 | return l = l * r;
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| 178 | } // ?*?
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| 179 |
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| 180 | Rational(T) ?/?( Rational(T) l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 181 | if ( r.numerator < (T){0} ) {
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| 182 | r.[numerator, denominator] = [-r.numerator, -r.denominator];
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| 183 | } // if
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| 184 | return (Rational(T)){ l.numerator * r.denominator, l.denominator * r.numerator };
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| 185 | } // ?/?
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| 186 |
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| 187 | Rational(T) ?/=?( Rational(T) & l, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 188 | return l = l / r;
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| 189 | } // ?/?
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| 190 |
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| 191 | // I/O
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| 192 |
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| 193 | forall( istype & | istream( istype ) | { istype & ?|?( istype &, T & ); } )
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| 194 | istype & ?|?( istype & is, Rational(T) & r ) {
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| 195 | is | r.numerator | r.denominator;
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| 196 | T t = simplify( r.numerator, r.denominator );
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| 197 | r.numerator /= t;
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| 198 | r.denominator /= t;
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| 199 | return is;
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| 200 | } // ?|?
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| 201 |
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| 202 | forall( ostype & | ostream( ostype ) | { ostype & ?|?( ostype &, T ); } ) {
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| 203 | ostype & ?|?( ostype & os, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 204 | return os | r.numerator | '/' | r.denominator;
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| 205 | } // ?|?
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| 206 |
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| 207 | void ?|?( ostype & os, Rational(T) r ) {
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| 208 | (ostype &)(os | r); ends( os );
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| 209 | } // ?|?
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| 210 | } // distribution
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| 211 | } // distribution
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| 212 |
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| 213 | forall( T | Arithmetic( T ) | { T ?\?( T, unsigned long ); } ) {
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| 214 | Rational(T) ?\?( Rational(T) x, long int y ) {
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| 215 | if ( y < 0 ) {
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| 216 | return (Rational(T)){ x.denominator \ -y, x.numerator \ -y };
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| 217 | } else {
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| 218 | return (Rational(T)){ x.numerator \ y, x.denominator \ y };
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| 219 | } // if
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| 220 | } // ?\?
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| 221 |
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| 222 | Rational(T) ?\=?( Rational(T) & x, long int y ) {
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| 223 | return x = x \ y;
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| 224 | } // ?\?
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| 225 | } // distribution
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| 226 |
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| 227 | // conversion
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| 228 |
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| 229 | forall( T | Arithmetic( T ) | { double convert( T ); } )
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| 230 | double widen( Rational(T) r ) {
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| 231 | return convert( r.numerator ) / convert( r.denominator );
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| 232 | } // widen
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| 233 |
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| 234 | forall( T | Arithmetic( T ) | { double convert( T ); T convert( double ); } )
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| 235 | Rational(T) narrow( double f, T md ) {
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| 236 | // http://www.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/numth/frap.c
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| 237 | if ( md <= (T){1} ) { // maximum fractional digits too small?
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| 238 | return (Rational(T)){ convert( f ), (T){1}}; // truncate fraction
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| 239 | } // if
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| 240 |
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| 241 | // continued fraction coefficients
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| 242 | T m00 = {1}, m11 = { 1 }, m01 = { 0 }, m10 = { 0 };
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| 243 | T ai, t;
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| 244 |
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| 245 | // find terms until denom gets too big
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| 246 | for ( ;; ) {
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| 247 | ai = convert( f );
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| 248 | if ( ! (m10 * ai + m11 <= md) ) break;
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| 249 | t = m00 * ai + m01;
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| 250 | m01 = m00;
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| 251 | m00 = t;
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| 252 | t = m10 * ai + m11;
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| 253 | m11 = m10;
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| 254 | m10 = t;
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| 255 | double temp = convert( ai );
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| 256 | if ( f == temp ) break; // prevent division by zero
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| 257 | f = 1 / (f - temp);
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| 258 | if ( f > (double)0x7FFFFFFF ) break; // representation failure
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| 259 | } // for
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| 260 | return (Rational(T)){ m00, m10 };
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| 261 | } // narrow
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| 262 |
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| 263 | // Local Variables: //
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| 264 | // tab-width: 4 //
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| 265 | // End: //
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