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-                      r8cbe732
+                      rbab2917
-%%
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-%%\acmSubmissionID{123-A56-BU3}
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-%%\citestyle{acmauthoryear}
 %%
 %% end of the preamble, start of the body of the document source.
 …
 %% article.
 \begin{abstract}
     An enumeration, or enum in short, is a type that defines a list of named constant values in C. Cforall extends the enumeration with additional features.
+    An enumeration, or enum in short, is a type that defines a list of named constant values in C. C uses integral type as the underlying representation of enum. Cforall extends C enum to allow more types, including custom types, to be used as enumeration inner representation.
 \end{abstract}
 …
 \section{C-Style Enum}
+\begin{lstlisting}[style=CStyle, label{lst:weekday}]
+enum Weekday { Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday=10, Friday, Saturday, Sunday };
+\end{lstlisting}
+Cforall supports the C-Style enumeration (C-enum for short). It has the same syntax as C and resembles the same language semantics. In code~\ref{lst:weekday} example, the syntax defines an enum class $Weekday$ with enumerators $Monday$, $Tuesday$, $Wednesday$, $Thursday$, $Friday$, $Saturday$ and $Sunday$ in order. The successor of $Tuesday$ is $Monday$ and the predecessor of $Tuesday$ is $Wednesday$. Enumerators have an integral type, either being explicitly initialized by an initializer or being assigned a value by the compiler. For example, $Thursday$ has been assigned with value $10$. If not explicitly initialized, the first value of an enum, $Monday$ in the $Weekday$ example, has the integer value 0. Other uninitialized enum value has a value that is equal to their successor $+ 1$. The enum value $Tuesday$, $Wednesday$, $Friday$, $Saturday$, and $Sunday$ have value 1, 2, 11, 12, and 13 respectively.
+\begin{lstlisting}[label{lst:enum_scope}, style=CStyle]
+{
+    {
+        enum RGB {R, G, B};
+        int i = R  // i == 0
+    }
+    int j = G; // ERROR! G is not declared in this scope
+}
+\end{lstlisting}
+C-enums are unscoped: enumerators declared inside of an enum are visible in the enclosing scope of the enum class.
+\section{Cforall-Style Enum}
+\begin{lstlisting}[style=CStyle, label{lst:color}]
+enum Color(char *) { Red="R", Green="G", Blue="B"  };
+\end{lstlisting}
+A Cforall enumeration is parameterized by a type declared. Cforall allows any oType in the enum declaration, and values assigned to enumerators must be in the declared type.
+\section{Enumerable Type Traits}
+A trait is a collection of constraints in Cforall, which can be used to describe types. Cforall standard library defines traits to categorize types that are related enumeration features.
+\subsection{Enumerable}
+A type is enumerable if it can map an integer to a value.
 \begin{lstlisting}[style=CStyle]
+enum Weekday { Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday };
+\end{lstlisting}
+Cforall supports the classic C-Style enumeration (C-enum for short) and its syntax is consistent with C. No internal data structure is generated for C-enum, and C-enum does not provide the Cforall-enum interface methods.
+\section{Cforall Enum}
+forall(T)
+trait Enumerable {
+    T value( *class_name* , int );
+};
+\end{lstlisting}
+The parameter class name stands for the name of an enumeration class, Weekday, for example.
+\subsection{AutoInitializable}
+\begin{lstlisting}[style=CStyle]
+forall(T)
+trait AutoInitializable {
+  void ?()( T & t, zero_t );
+  void ?()( T & t, one_t );
+  S& ?+=?( T & t, one_t );
+  void ?{}( T &, T );
+  T ?{}( T &, T );
+};
+\end{lstlisting}
+\subsection{AutoInitializable}
+\begin{lstlisting}[style=CStyle]
+forall(T)
+trait AutoInitializable {
+  void ?()( T & t, zero_t );
+  void ?()( T & t, one_t );
+  S& ?+=?( T & t, one_t );
+  void ?{}( T &, T );
+  T ?{}( T &, T );
+};
+\end{lstlisting}
+A type is AutoInitializable if it has defined a zero\_t constructor, a one\_t constructor, an addition assignment operator, a copy constructor, and a copy assignment operator.
 \subsection{Enumerable Type}
 \begin{lstlisting}[style=CStyle]
 …
 };
 \end{lstlisting}
+A type is enumerable in Cforall if it has defined 0, 1, increment operator, copy constructor, and copy assignment operator.
 (Should change the definition of enumerable to something else. Maybe auto-constructible. If a type is not auto-constructible, all enumeration must be explicitly initialized)
 …
 Names of labels are distinct in an enum declaration. Cforall therefore allows indexing an enum value with its string representation of a label.
+\subsection{Range Functions and Iteration (Placeholder)}
+\subsection{Iteration and Range}
+A Cforall enum is iterable and supports range function.
 \begin{lstlisting}[caption={Range Functions}, label{lst:range_functions}, style=CStyle]
+enum Weekday(
+    Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
+};
+struct string;
+enum(string) Weekday(
+    Monday = "M", Tuesday = "Tu", ...
+};
+for ( i; Weekday ) { sout | i; }
+>> M Tu W Th F Sat Sun
+for ( Monday ~= Tuesday )
+>> M Tu
 \end{lstlisting}
 …
+}
 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+enum Color.Label;
 Companion( string ) Color = {
     .values = [ "Red", "Green", "Blue" ],
 …
 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
 forall( T | enumerable(T) )
+T* value( Companion, int );
+char* label( Companion, int );
+\end{lstlisting}
+\subsection{TODO - Type trait for Cforall - Enum}
+T value( Companion companion, int index ) { return companion.values[ index ]; }
+T value( Companion, enum Color.Label );
+char* label( Companion companion, int index ) { return companion.values[ index ]; }
+char* label( Companion, enum Color.Label );
+\end{lstlisting}
+\subsection{Companion Trait}
+Users can define the companion object themselves. A companion object should define an array of any type called values and an array of strings representing a label. Defining a companion object effectively creates a new enumerable type.
+\subsection{Companion Mapping}
+\begin{lstlisting}[caption={Enum Type Functions}, label{lst:cforall_enum_functions}, style=CStyle]
+\end{lstlisting}
 %%
 %% If your work has an appendix, this is the place to put it.

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