| 1 | //
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| 2 | // Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2017 University of Waterloo
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| 3 | //
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| 4 | // The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
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| 5 | // file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
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| 6 | //
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| 7 | // quickSort.c -- In-place concurrent quick-sort: threads are created to partition to a specific depth, then sequential
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| 8 | // recursive-calls are use to sort each partition.
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| 9 | //
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| 10 | // Author : Peter A. Buhr
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| 11 | // Created On : Wed Dec 6 12:15:52 2017
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| 12 | // Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
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| 13 | // Last Modified On : Mon Jan 1 12:07:59 2024
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| 14 | // Update Count : 188
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| 15 | //
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| 16 |
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| 17 | #include <fstream.hfa> // sin/sout
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| 18 | #include <stdlib.hfa> // convert
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| 19 | #include <thread.hfa>
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| 20 | #include <math.hfa> // sqrt
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| 21 | #include <string.h> // strcmp
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| 22 |
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| 23 | thread Quicksort {
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| 24 | int * values; // communication variables
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| 25 | int low, high, depth;
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| 26 | };
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| 27 |
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| 28 | void ?{}( Quicksort & qs, int values[], int size, int depth ) {
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| 29 | qs.[values, low, high, depth] = [values, 0, size, depth];
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| 30 | } // Quicksort
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| 31 |
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| 32 | void main( Quicksort & qs ) { // thread starts here
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| 33 | // nested routines: information hiding
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| 34 |
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| 35 | void ?{}( Quicksort & qs, int values[], int low, int high, int depth ) {
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| 36 | qs.values = values; qs.low = low; qs.high = high; qs.depth = depth;
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| 37 | } // Quicksort
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| 38 |
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| 39 | void sort( int values[], int low, int high, int depth ) {
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| 40 | int left, right; // index to left/right-hand side of the values
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| 41 | int pivot; // pivot value of values
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| 42 | int swap; // temporary
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| 43 |
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| 44 | //verify(); // check for stack overflow due to recursion
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| 45 |
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| 46 | // partition while 2 or more elements in the array
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| 47 | if ( low < high ) {
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| 48 | pivot = values[low + ( high - low ) / 2];
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| 49 | left = low;
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| 50 | right = high;
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| 51 |
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| 52 | // partition: move values less < pivot before the pivot and values > pivot after the pivot
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| 53 | do {
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| 54 | while ( values[left] < pivot ) left += 1; // changed values[left] < pivot
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| 55 | while ( pivot < values[right] ) right -= 1;
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| 56 | if ( left <= right ) {
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| 57 | swap = values[left]; // interchange values
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| 58 | values[left] = values[right];
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| 59 | values[right] = swap;
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| 60 | left += 1;
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| 61 | right -= 1;
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| 62 | } // if
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| 63 | } while ( left <= right );
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| 64 |
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| 65 | // restrict number of tasks to slightly greater than number of processors
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| 66 | if ( depth > 0 ) {
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| 67 | depth -= 1;
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| 68 | Quicksort lqs = { values, low, right, depth }; // concurrently sort lower half
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| 69 | Quicksort rqs = { values, left, high, depth }; // concurrently sort upper half
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| 70 | // Quicksort lqs = { values, low, right, depth }; // concurrently sort lower half
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| 71 | // sort( values, left, high, depth ); // concurrently sort upper half
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| 72 | } else {
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| 73 | sort( values, low, right, 0 ); // sequentially sort lower half
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| 74 | sort( values, left, high, 0 ); // sequentially sort upper half
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| 75 | } // if
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| 76 | } // if
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| 77 | } // sort
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| 78 |
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| 79 | with( qs ) {
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| 80 | sort( values, low, high, depth );
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| 81 | } // with
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| 82 | } // main
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| 83 |
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| 84 | // convert(...) throws out_of_range or invalid_argument
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| 85 | ExceptionDecl( cmd_error );
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| 86 |
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| 87 | int main( int argc, char * argv[] ) {
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| 88 | ifstream unsortedfile = sin; // default values
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| 89 | ofstream sortedfile = sout;
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| 90 | // Must be signed because of the conversion routine.
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| 91 | intmax_t depth = 0;
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| 92 | intmax_t size = -1; // -1 means time mode not activated
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| 93 |
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| 94 | try {
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| 95 | if ( 1 < argc && strcmp( argv[1], "-t" ) == 0 ) { // time mode ?
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| 96 | choose ( argc ) {
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| 97 | case 4:
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| 98 | depth = convert( argv[3] ); // invalid integer ?
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| 99 | if ( depth < 0 ) throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 100 | fallthrough;
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| 101 | case 3:
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| 102 | size = convert( argv[2] ); // invalid integer ?
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| 103 | if ( size < 0 ) throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 104 | default: // wrong number of options
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| 105 | throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 106 | } // choose
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| 107 | } else { // sort file
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| 108 | choose ( argc ) {
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| 109 | case 4:
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| 110 | depth = convert( argv[3] ); // invalid integer ?
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| 111 | if ( depth < 0 ) throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 112 | fallthrough;
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| 113 | case 3: case 2:
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| 114 | if ( strcmp( argv[1], "d" ) != 0 ) {
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| 115 | try { // open input file first as output creates file
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| 116 | open( unsortedfile, argv[1] );
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| 117 | } catch( open_failure * ) { // open failed ?
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| 118 | serr | "Error! Could not open unsorted input file \"" | argv[1] | "\"";
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| 119 | throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 120 | } // try
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| 121 | } // if
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| 122 | if ( argc > 2 && strcmp( argv[2], "d" ) != 0 ) {
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| 123 | try {
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| 124 | open( sortedfile, argv[2] );
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| 125 | } catch( open_failure * ) { // open failed ?
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| 126 | serr | "Error! Could not open sorted output file \"" | argv[2] | "\"";
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| 127 | throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 128 | } // try
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| 129 | } // if
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| 130 | fallthrough;
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| 131 | case 1: ; // defaults
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| 132 | default: // wrong number of options
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| 133 | throw ExceptionInst( cmd_error );
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| 134 | } // choose
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| 135 | } // if
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| 136 | } catch( exception_t * ) { // catch any
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| 137 | exit | "Usage: " | argv[0] | // TERMINATE
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| 138 | " ( [ unsorted-file | 'd' [ sorted-file | 'd' [ depth (>= 0) ] ] ]"
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| 139 | " | -t size (>= 0) [ depth (>= 0) ] )";
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| 140 | } // try
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| 141 |
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| 142 | enum { ValuesPerLine = 22 }; // number of values printed per line
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| 143 |
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| 144 | sortedfile | nlOff; // turn off auto newline
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| 145 |
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| 146 | if ( size == -1 ) { // generate output ?
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| 147 | for () {
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| 148 | unsortedfile | size; // read number of elements in the list
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| 149 | if ( eof( unsortedfile ) ) break;
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| 150 |
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| 151 | int * values = aalloc( size ); // values to be sorted, too large to put on stack
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| 152 | for ( counter; size ) { // read unsorted numbers
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| 153 | unsortedfile | values[counter];
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| 154 | if ( counter != 0 && counter % ValuesPerLine == 0 ) sortedfile | nl | " ";
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| 155 | sortedfile | values[counter];
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| 156 | if ( counter < size - 1 && (counter + 1) % ValuesPerLine != 0 ) sortedfile | ' ';
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| 157 | } // for
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| 158 | sortedfile | nl;
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| 159 |
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| 160 | if ( size > 0 ) { // values to sort ?
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| 161 | Quicksort QS = { values, size - 1, 0 }; // sort values
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| 162 | } // wait until sort tasks terminate
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| 163 | for ( counter; size ) { // print sorted list
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| 164 | if ( counter != 0 && counter % ValuesPerLine == 0 ) sortedfile | nl | " ";
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| 165 | sortedfile | values[counter];
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| 166 | if ( counter < size - 1 && (counter + 1) % ValuesPerLine != 0 ) sortedfile | ' ';
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| 167 | } // for
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| 168 | sortedfile | nl | nl;
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| 169 |
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| 170 | delete( values );
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| 171 | } // for
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| 172 | } else { // timing
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| 173 | PRNG prng;
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| 174 | processor processors[ (1 << depth) - 1 ] __attribute__(( unused )); // create 2^depth-1 kernel threads
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| 175 | int * values = aalloc( size ); // values to be sorted, too large to put on stack
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| 176 |
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| 177 | for ( counter; size ) { // generate unsorted numbers
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| 178 | values[counter] = size - counter; // descending values
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| 179 | } // for
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| 180 |
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| 181 | unsigned int times = sqrt( size );
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| 182 | for ( unsigned int counter = 0; counter < times; counter += 1 ) {
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| 183 | swap( values[0], values[prng(size)] ); // randomize unsorted numbers
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| 184 | } // for
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| 185 | {
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| 186 | Quicksort QS = { values, size - 1, depth }; // sort values
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| 187 | } // wait until sort tasks terminate
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| 188 |
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| 189 | // for ( counter; size - 1 ) { // check sorting
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| 190 | // if ( values[counter] > values[counter + 1] ) abort();
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| 191 | // } // for
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| 192 |
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| 193 | delete( values );
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| 194 | } // if
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| 195 | } // main
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| 196 |
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| 197 | // for depth in 0 1 2 3 4 5 ; do echo "sort 500000000 values with ${depth} depth" ; time -f "%Uu %Ss %E %Mkb" a.out -t 500000000 ${depth} ; done
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| 198 |
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| 199 | // Local Variables: //
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| 200 | // tab-width: 4 //
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| 201 | // compile-command: "cfa quickSort.cfa" //
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| 202 | // End: //
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