1 | //
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2 | // Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2021 University of Waterloo
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3 | //
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4 | // PRNG.c -- high-perforamnce pseudo-random numbers
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5 | //
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6 | // The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
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7 | // file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
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8 | //
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9 | // Author : Peter A. Buhr
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10 | // Created On : Wed Dec 29 09:38:12 2021
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11 | // Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
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12 | // Last Modified On : Thu Jun 29 10:18:35 2023
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13 | // Update Count : 424
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14 | //
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15 |
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16 | #include <fstream.hfa> // sout
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17 | #include <stdlib.hfa> // PRNG
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18 | #include <clock.hfa>
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19 | #include <limits.hfa> // MAX
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20 | #include <math.hfa> // sqrt
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21 | #include <malloc.h> // malloc_stats
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22 | #include <locale.h> // setlocale
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23 | #include <thread.hfa>
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24 | #include <mutex_stmt.hfa>
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25 |
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26 | #define xstr(s) str(s)
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27 | #define str(s) #s
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28 |
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29 | #if defined( __x86_64__ ) || defined( __aarch64__ ) // 64-bit architecture
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30 | #define PRNG PRNG64
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31 | #else // 32-bit architecture
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32 | #define PRNG PRNG32
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33 | #endif // __x86_64__
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34 |
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35 | //#define TIME
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36 |
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37 | #ifdef TIME // use -O2 -nodebug
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38 | #define STARTTIME start = timeHiRes()
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39 | #define ENDTIME( extra ) sout | wd(0,1, (timeHiRes() - start)`ms / 1000.) | extra "seconds"
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40 | enum { BUCKETS = 100_000, TRIALS = 1_000_000_000 };
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41 | #else
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42 | #define STARTTIME
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43 | #define ENDTIME( extra )
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44 | enum { BUCKETS = 100_000, TRIALS = 100_000_000 };
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45 | #endif // TIME
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46 |
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47 | static void avgstd( size_t trials, size_t buckets[] ) {
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48 | size_t min = MAX, max = 0;
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49 | double sum = 0.0, diff;
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50 | for ( i; BUCKETS ) {
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51 | if ( buckets[i] < min ) min = buckets[i];
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52 | if ( buckets[i] > max ) max = buckets[i];
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53 | sum += buckets[i];
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54 | } // for
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55 |
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56 | double avg = sum / BUCKETS; // average
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57 | sum = 0.0;
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58 | for ( i; BUCKETS ) { // sum squared differences from average
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59 | diff = buckets[i] - avg;
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60 | sum += diff * diff;
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61 | } // for
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62 | double std = sqrt( sum / BUCKETS );
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63 | mutex( sout ) sout | "trials" | trials | "buckets" | BUCKETS
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64 | | "min" | min | "max" | max
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65 | | "avg" | wd(0,1, avg) | "std" | wd(0,1, std) | "rstd" | wd(0,1, (avg == 0 ? 0.0 : std / avg * 100)) | "%";
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66 | } // avgstd
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67 |
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68 |
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69 | size_t seed = 1009;
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70 |
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71 | thread T1 {};
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72 | void main( T1 & ) {
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73 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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74 | for ( TRIALS / 50 ) {
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75 | buckets[rand() % BUCKETS] += 1; // concurrent
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76 | } // for
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77 | avgstd( TRIALS / 50, buckets );
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78 | free( buckets );
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79 | } // main
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80 |
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81 | thread T2 {};
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82 | void main( T2 & ) {
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83 | PRNG prng;
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84 | if ( seed != 0 ) set_seed( prng, seed );
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85 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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86 | for ( TRIALS ) {
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87 | buckets[prng( prng ) % BUCKETS] += 1; // concurrent
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88 | } // for
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89 | avgstd( TRIALS, buckets );
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90 | free( buckets );
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91 | } // main
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92 |
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93 | thread T3 {};
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94 | void main( T3 & th ) {
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95 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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96 | for ( TRIALS / 5 ) {
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97 | buckets[prng() % BUCKETS] += 1; // concurrent
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98 | } // for
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99 | avgstd( TRIALS / 5, buckets );
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100 | free( buckets );
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101 | } // main
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102 |
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103 | thread T4 {};
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104 | void main( T4 & th ) {
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105 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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106 | for ( TRIALS ) {
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107 | buckets[prng( th ) % BUCKETS] += 1; // concurrent
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108 | } // for
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109 | avgstd( TRIALS, buckets );
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110 | free( buckets );
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111 | } // main
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112 |
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113 | // Compiler bug requires hiding declaration of th from the bucket access, otherwise the compiler thinks th is aliased
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114 | // and continually reloads it from memory, which doubles the cost.
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115 | static void dummy( thread$ & th ) __attribute__(( noinline ));
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116 | static void dummy( thread$ & th ) {
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117 | size_t * buckets = (size_t *)calloc( BUCKETS, sizeof(size_t) ); // too big for task stack
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118 | for ( size_t i = 0; i < TRIALS; i += 1 ) {
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119 | buckets[prng( th ) % BUCKETS] += 1; // sequential
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120 | } // for
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121 | avgstd( TRIALS, buckets );
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122 | free( buckets );
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123 | } // dummy
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124 |
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125 |
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126 | int main() {
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127 | // setlocale( LC_NUMERIC, getenv( "LANG" ) ); // causes leaked storage message
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128 |
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129 | // only works on the current pthread thread
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130 | // locale_t loc = newlocale( LC_NUMERIC_MASK, getenv( "LANG" ), (locale_t)0p );
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131 | // if ( loc == (locale_t)0p ) abort( "newlocale" );
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132 | // uselocale( loc );
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133 |
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134 | enum { TASKS = 4 };
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135 | Time start;
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136 |
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137 | #ifdef TIME // too slow for test and generates non-repeatable results
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138 | #if 1
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139 | sout | "glib rand" | nl | nl;
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140 |
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141 | size_t rseed;
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142 | if ( seed != 0 ) rseed = seed;
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143 | else rseed = rdtscl();
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144 | srand( rseed );
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145 |
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146 | sout | sepOff;
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147 | sout | nl | wd(26, "rand()" ) | wd(12, "rand(5)") | wd(12, "rand(0,5)" );
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148 | for ( 20 ) {
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149 | sout | wd(26, rand()) | nonl;
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150 | sout | wd(12, rand() % 5) | nonl;
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151 | sout | wd(12, rand() % (5 - 0 + 1) + 0);
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152 | } // for
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153 | sout | sepOn;
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154 | sout | "seed" | rseed;
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155 |
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156 | sout | nl | "Sequential";
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157 | STARTTIME;
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158 | {
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159 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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160 | for ( i; TRIALS / 5 ) {
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161 | buckets[rand() % BUCKETS] += 1; // sequential
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162 | } // for
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163 | avgstd( TRIALS / 5, buckets );
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164 | free( buckets );
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165 | }
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166 | ENDTIME( " x 5 " );
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167 |
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168 | sout | nl | "Concurrent";
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169 | STARTTIME;
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170 | {
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171 | processor p[TASKS - 1]; // already 1 processor
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172 | {
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173 | T1 t[TASKS];
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174 | } // wait for threads to complete
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175 | }
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176 | ENDTIME( " x 50 " );
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177 | #endif // 0
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178 | #endif // TIME
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179 |
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180 | sout | nl | "CFA " xstr(PRNG_NAME);
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181 |
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182 | #if 1
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183 | PRNG prng;
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184 |
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185 | if ( seed != 0 ) set_seed( prng, seed );
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186 |
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187 | sout | sepOff;
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188 | sout | nl | wd(26, "PRNG()" ) | wd(12, "PRNG(5)") | wd(12, "PRNG(0,5)" );
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189 | for ( 20 ) {
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190 | sout | wd(26, prng( prng )) | nonl; // cascading => side-effect functions called in arbitary order
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191 | sout | wd(12, prng( prng, 5 )) | nonl;
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192 | sout | wd(12, prng( prng, 0, 5 ));
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193 | } // for
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194 | sout | sepOn;
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195 | sout | "seed" | get_seed( prng );
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196 |
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197 | sout | nl | "Sequential";
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198 | STARTTIME;
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199 | {
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200 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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201 | for ( TRIALS ) {
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202 | buckets[prng( prng ) % BUCKETS] += 1; // sequential
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203 | } // for
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204 | avgstd( TRIALS, buckets );
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205 | free( buckets );
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206 | }
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207 | ENDTIME();
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208 |
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209 | sout | nl | "Concurrent";
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210 | STARTTIME;
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211 | {
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212 | processor p[TASKS - 1]; // already 1 processor
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213 | {
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214 | T2 t[TASKS];
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215 | } // wait for threads to complete
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216 | }
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217 | ENDTIME();
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218 | #endif // 0
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219 | #if 1
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220 | if ( seed != 0 ) set_seed( seed );
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221 |
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222 | sout | sepOff;
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223 | sout | nl | wd(26, "prng()" ) | wd(12, "prng(5)") | wd(12, "prng(0,5)" );
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224 | for ( 20 ) {
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225 | sout | wd(26, prng()) | nonl; // cascading => side-effect functions called in arbitary order
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226 | sout | wd(12, prng( 5 )) | nonl;
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227 | sout | wd(12, prng( 0, 5 ));
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228 | } // for
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229 | sout | sepOn;
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230 | sout | "seed" | get_seed( prng );
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231 |
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232 | sout | nl | "Sequential";
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233 | STARTTIME;
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234 | {
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235 | size_t * buckets = calloc( BUCKETS ); // too big for task stack
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236 | for ( TRIALS / 5 ) {
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237 | buckets[prng() % BUCKETS] += 1;
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238 | } // for
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239 | avgstd( TRIALS / 5, buckets );
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240 | free( buckets );
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241 | }
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242 | ENDTIME( " x 5 " );
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243 |
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244 | sout | nl | "Concurrent";
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245 | STARTTIME;
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246 | {
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247 | processor p[TASKS - 1]; // already 1 processor
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248 | {
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249 | T3 t[TASKS];
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250 | } // wait for threads to complete
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251 | }
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252 | ENDTIME( " x 5 " );
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253 | #endif // 0
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254 | #if 1
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255 | if ( seed != 0 ) set_seed( seed );
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256 | thread$ & th = *active_thread();
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257 |
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258 | sout | sepOff;
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259 | sout | nl | wd(26, "prng(t)" ) | wd(12, "prng(t,5)") | wd(12, "prng(t,0,5)" );
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260 | for ( 20 ) {
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261 | sout | wd(26, prng( th )) | nonl; // cascading => side-effect functions called in arbitary order
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262 | sout | wd(12, prng( th, 5 )) | nonl;
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263 | sout | wd(12, prng( th, 0, 5 ));
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264 | } // for
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265 | sout | sepOn;
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266 | sout | "seed" | get_seed( prng );
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267 |
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268 | sout | nl | "Sequential";
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269 | STARTTIME;
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270 | {
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271 | dummy( th );
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272 | }
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273 | ENDTIME();
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274 |
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275 | sout | nl | "Concurrent";
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276 | STARTTIME;
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277 | {
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278 | processor p[TASKS - 1]; // already 1 processor
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279 | {
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280 | T4 t[TASKS];
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281 | } // wait for threads to complete
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282 | }
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283 | ENDTIME();
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284 | #endif // 0
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285 | // malloc_stats();
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286 | // freelocale( loc );
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287 | } // main
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288 |
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289 |
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290 | // Local Variables: //
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291 | // compile-command: "cfa -DTIME -O2 -nodebug PRNG.cfa" //
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292 | // End: //
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