source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ f53afafb

ADT ast-experimental enum pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since f53afafb was 5c216b4, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 4 years ago

add detailed syntax-error messages
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File size: 147.4 KB
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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Sat Feb 19 09:47:20 2022
13// Update Count : 5218
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// This incompatibility is discussed in detail before the "designation" grammar rule. Most of the syntactic extensions
31// from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11".
32
33// This grammar also has two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions. All of the
34// syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall (CFA), which
35// fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the syntactic
36// extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA".
37
38%{
39#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT( yylval ) // lexer loads this up each time
40#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
41#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
42
43#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
44
45#include <cstdio>
46#include <stack>
47using namespace std;
48
49#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
50#include "ParseNode.h"
51#include "TypedefTable.h"
52#include "TypeData.h"
53#include "SynTree/LinkageSpec.h"
54#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
55#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
56
57extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
58extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
59extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
60
61stack<LinkageSpec::Spec> linkageStack;
62
63bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
64 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
65 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
66 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
67 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
68 //
69 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
70 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
71 // e.g., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
72
73 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
74 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
75 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
76 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
77 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
78 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
79 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
80 } // if
81 } else {
82 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
83 to = "u8" + to;
84 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
85 } else {
86 to = from[0] + to;
87 } // if
88 } // if
89 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
90 } // if
91 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
92 return true;
93} // appendStr
94
95DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
96 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
97 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
98 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
99 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
100 } // for
101 declList->addType( cl );
102 return declList;
103} // distAttr
104
105void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
106 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
107 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
108 iter->set_extension( true );
109 } // for
110} // distExt
111
112void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
113 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
114 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
115 iter->set_inLine( true );
116 } // for
117} // distInl
118
119void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
120 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
121 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
122 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
123 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
124 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
125 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
126 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
127 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
128 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
129 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
130 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
131 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
132 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
133 DeclarationNode newnode;
134 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
135 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
136 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
137 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
138 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
139 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
140 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
141 } // if
142 } else { // just SC qualifiers
143 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
144 } // if
145 } // for
146 delete qualifiers;
147} // distQual
148
149// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
150// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
151// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
152// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
153// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
154// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
155// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
156
157void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
158 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
159 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
160 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
161 } // if
162} // rebindForall
163
164string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
165 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
166 return name;
167} // build_postfix_name
168
169DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
170 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
171 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
172 stringstream ss;
173 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
174 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
175 return nullptr;
176 } // if
177 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
178 } // if
179 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
180} // fieldDecl
181
182ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
183 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
184 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
185 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
186 } // if
187// type = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( "__for_control_index_constraints__" ) ) ), type ) );
188 return new ForCtrl(
189 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
190 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
191 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
192 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
193 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
194} // forCtrl
195
196ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
197 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
198 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
199 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
200 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
201 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
202 } else {
203 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
204 } // if
205 } else {
206 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
207 } // if
208} // forCtrl
209
210bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
211
212// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
213#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
214if ( N ) { \
215 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
216 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
217 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
218 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
219 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
220} else { \
221 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
222 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
223 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
224}
225%}
226
227%define parse.error verbose
228
229// Types declaration for productions
230%union {
231 Token tok;
232 ParseNode * pn;
233 ExpressionNode * en;
234 DeclarationNode * decl;
235 AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
236 TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
237 StatementNode * sn;
238 WaitForStmt * wfs;
239 Expression * constant;
240 CondCtl * ifctl;
241 ForCtrl * fctl;
242 enum OperKinds compop;
243 LabelNode * label;
244 InitializerNode * in;
245 OperKinds op;
246 std::string * str;
247 bool flag;
248 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
249 GenericExpr * genexpr;
250}
251
252//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
253
254// keywords
255%token TYPEDEF
256%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
257%token THREADLOCAL // C11
258%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
259%token NORETURN // C11
260%token CONST VOLATILE
261%token RESTRICT // C99
262%token ATOMIC // C11
263%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL VTABLE COERCE // CFA
264%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
265%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
266%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
267%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
268%token DECIMAL32 DECIMAL64 DECIMAL128 // GCC
269%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
270%token SIZEOF TYPEOF VALIST AUTO_TYPE // GCC
271%token OFFSETOF BASETYPEOF TYPEID // CFA
272%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
273%token EXCEPTION // CFA
274%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
275%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
276// %token RESUME // CFA
277%token LABEL // GCC
278%token SUSPEND // CFA
279%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
280%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
281%token CHOOSE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
282%token DISABLE ENABLE TRY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
283%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
284%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
285
286// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
287%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDIMname TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
288%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR CATCH RECOVER CATCHRESUME FIXUP FINALLY // CFA
289%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
290%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
291// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
292// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
293// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
294%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
295
296// multi-character operators
297%token ARROW // ->
298%token ICR DECR // ++ --
299%token LS RS // << >>
300%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
301%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
302%token ELLIPSIS // ...
303
304%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
305%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
306%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
307%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
308
309%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
310%token ATassign // @=
311
312%type<tok> identifier identifier_at identifier_or_type_name attr_name
313%type<tok> quasi_keyword
314%type<constant> string_literal
315%type<str> string_literal_list
316
317// expressions
318%type<en> constant
319%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
320%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator simple_assignment_operator compound_assignment_operator
321%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
322%type<en> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
323%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
324%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
325%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
326%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
327%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
328%type<en> argument_expression_list_opt argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initializer_opt
329%type<ifctl> conditional_declaration
330%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
331%type<compop> inclexcl
332%type<en> subrange
333%type<decl> asm_name_opt
334%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
335%type<label> label_list
336%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
337%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
338%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
339%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
340
341// statements
342%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
343%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
344%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
345%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
346%type<en> case_value
347%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
348%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
349%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
350%type<sn> with_statement
351%type<en> with_clause_opt
352%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
353%type<catch_kind> handler_key
354%type<sn> mutex_statement
355%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
356%type<sn> waitfor_statement
357%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
358
359// declarations
360%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
361%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
362%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
363
364%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
365%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
366
367%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
368
369%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
370
371%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
372%type<decl> vtable vtable_opt default_opt
373
374%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
375
376%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
377%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
378
379%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
380
381%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
382%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
383
384%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
385
386%type<decl> exception_declaration
387
388%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
389%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
390
391%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
392
393%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
394%type<decl> identifier_list
395
396%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
397%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
399
400%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
401
402%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
403%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
404
405%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
406%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
407
408%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
409
410%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
411
412%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
413%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
414%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
415
416%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
419
420%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
421
422%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
423
424%type<tclass> type_class new_type_class
425%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
426
427%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
428%type<decl> typedef_name typedef_declaration typedef_expression
429
430%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
431
432%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
433
434%type<decl> type type_no_function
435%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
436
437%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
438
439%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
440%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
441
442%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
443%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
444
445%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute attribute_name_list attribute_name
446
447// initializers
448%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
449
450// designators
451%type<en> designator designator_list designation
452
453
454// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
455// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
456// if ( C ) S1 else S2
457// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
458// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
459
460// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
461// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
462%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
463%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
464%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
465%precedence CATCH // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence RECOVER // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence CATCHRESUME // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
468%precedence FIXUP // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
469%precedence FINALLY // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
470%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
471
472
473// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
474// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
475// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
476// Foo ( *fp )( int );
477// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
478// must be:
479// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
480// The same problem occurs here:
481// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
482// must be:
483// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
484
485// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
486%precedence TYPEGENname
487%precedence '}'
488%precedence '('
489
490// %precedence RESUME
491// %precedence '{'
492// %precedence ')'
493
494%locations // support location tracking for error messages
495
496%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
497
498%%
499//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
500
501// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
502// which are lexically identical.
503//
504// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
505// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
506//
507// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
508// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
509// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
510// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
511// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
512//
513// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
514// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
515// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
516// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
517// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
518// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
519// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
520//
521// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
522// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
523// around the list separator.
524//
525// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
526// push pop push pop
527
528push:
529 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
530 ;
531
532pop:
533 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
534 ;
535
536//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
537
538constant:
539 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
540 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
541 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
542 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
543 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
544 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
545 ;
546
547quasi_keyword: // CFA
548 TIMEOUT
549 | WOR
550 | CATCH
551 | RECOVER
552 | CATCHRESUME
553 | FIXUP
554 | FINALLY
555 ;
556
557identifier:
558 IDENTIFIER
559 | quasi_keyword
560 ;
561
562identifier_at:
563 identifier
564 | '@' // CFA
565 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
566 ;
567
568string_literal:
569 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
570 ;
571
572string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
573 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
574 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
575 {
576 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
577 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
578 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
579 }
580 ;
581
582//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
583
584primary_expression:
585 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
586 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
587 | quasi_keyword
588 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
589 | TYPEDIMname // CFA, generic length argument
590 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ) ) ) ); }
591 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
592 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_dimensionref( $1 ) ); }
593 | tuple
594 | '(' comma_expression ')'
595 { $$ = $2; }
596 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
597 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast<CompoundStmt *>(maybeMoveBuild<Statement>($2) ) ) ); }
598 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
599 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
600 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
601 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
602 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
603 {
604 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
605 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
606 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
607 }
608 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
609 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
610 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
611 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
612 ;
613
614generic_assoc_list: // C11
615 generic_association
616 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
617 {
618 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
619 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
620 delete $3;
621 $$ = $1;
622 }
623 ;
624
625generic_association: // C11
626 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
627 {
628 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
629 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) } } );
630 }
631 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
632 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) } } ); }
633 ;
634
635postfix_expression:
636 primary_expression
637 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
638 // Historic, transitional: Disallow commas in subscripts.
639 // Switching to this behaviour may help check if a C compatibilty case uses comma-exprs in subscripts.
640 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array subscript is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
641 // Current: Commas in subscripts make tuples.
642 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 ) ) )) ) ); }
643 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
644 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
645 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
646 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
647 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
648 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
649 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, constructor call
650 {
651 Token fn;
652 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
653 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
654 }
655 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
656 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
657 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
658 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
659 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
660 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
661 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
662 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
663 | postfix_expression '.' identifier
664 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
665 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
666 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
667 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
668 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
669 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
670 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
671 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
672 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $3, $1 ) ); }
673 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
674 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
675 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
676 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
677 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
678 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
679 | postfix_expression ICR
680 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
681 | postfix_expression DECR
682 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
683 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
684 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
685 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
686 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
687 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, destructor call
688 {
689 Token fn;
690 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
691 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
692 }
693 ;
694
695argument_expression_list_opt:
696 // empty
697 { $$ = nullptr; }
698 | argument_expression_list
699 ;
700
701argument_expression_list:
702 argument_expression
703 | argument_expression_list_opt ',' argument_expression
704 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
705 ;
706
707argument_expression:
708 '@' // CFA, default parameter
709 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
710 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
711 | assignment_expression
712 ;
713
714field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
715 field
716 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
717 ;
718
719field: // CFA, tuple field selector
720 field_name
721 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
722 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
723 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
724 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
725 | field_name '.' field
726 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
727 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
728 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
729 | field_name ARROW field
730 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
731 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
732 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
733 ;
734
735field_name:
736 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
737 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
738 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
739 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
740 | identifier_at fraction_constants_opt // CFA, allow anonymous fields
741 {
742 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
743 }
744 ;
745
746fraction_constants_opt:
747 // empty
748 { $$ = nullptr; }
749 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
750 {
751 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
752 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
753 }
754 ;
755
756unary_expression:
757 postfix_expression
758 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
759 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
760 | constant
761 | string_literal
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
763 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
764 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
765 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
766 // { * X; } // dereference X
767 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
768 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
769 {
770 switch ( $1 ) {
771 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
772 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) );
773 break;
774 case OperKinds::PointTo:
775 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
776 break;
777 case OperKinds::And:
778 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ) );
779 break;
780 default:
781 assert( false );
782 }
783 }
784 | unary_operator cast_expression
785 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
786 | ICR unary_expression
787 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
788 | DECR unary_expression
789 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
790 | SIZEOF unary_expression
791 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
792 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
793 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
794 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
795 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
796 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
797 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
798 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
799 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
800 | TYPEID '(' type_no_function ')'
801 {
802 SemanticError( yylloc, "typeid name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
803 // $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) );
804 }
805 ;
806
807ptrref_operator:
808 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
809 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
810 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
811 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
812 ;
813
814unary_operator:
815 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
816 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
817 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
818 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
819 ;
820
821cast_expression:
822 unary_expression
823 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
824 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
825 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
826 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
827 | '(' aggregate_control '*' ')' cast_expression // CFA
828 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
829 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
830 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
831 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
832 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
833 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
834 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
835 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
836 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
837 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
838 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
839// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
840// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
841 ;
842
843qualifier_cast_list:
844 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
845 | cast_modifier MUTEX
846 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
847 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
848 ;
849
850cast_modifier:
851 '-'
852 | '+'
853 ;
854
855exponential_expression:
856 cast_expression
857 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
858 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
859 ;
860
861multiplicative_expression:
862 exponential_expression
863 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
864 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
865 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
866 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
867 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
868 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
869 ;
870
871additive_expression:
872 multiplicative_expression
873 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
874 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
875 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
876 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
877 ;
878
879shift_expression:
880 additive_expression
881 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
882 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
883 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
884 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
885 ;
886
887relational_expression:
888 shift_expression
889 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
890 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
891 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
892 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
893 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
894 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
895 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
896 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
897 ;
898
899equality_expression:
900 relational_expression
901 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
902 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
903 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
904 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
905 ;
906
907AND_expression:
908 equality_expression
909 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
910 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
911 ;
912
913exclusive_OR_expression:
914 AND_expression
915 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
916 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
917 ;
918
919inclusive_OR_expression:
920 exclusive_OR_expression
921 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
922 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
923 ;
924
925logical_AND_expression:
926 inclusive_OR_expression
927 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
928 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
929 ;
930
931logical_OR_expression:
932 logical_AND_expression
933 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
934 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
935 ;
936
937conditional_expression:
938 logical_OR_expression
939 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
940 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
941 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
942 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
943 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
944 ;
945
946constant_expression:
947 conditional_expression
948 ;
949
950assignment_expression:
951 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
952 conditional_expression
953 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
954 {
955// if ( $2 == OperKinds::AtAssn ) {
956// SemanticError( yylloc, "C @= assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
957// } else {
958 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) );
959// } // if
960 }
961 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
962 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
963 ;
964
965assignment_expression_opt:
966 // empty
967 { $$ = nullptr; }
968 | assignment_expression
969 ;
970
971assignment_operator:
972 simple_assignment_operator
973 | compound_assignment_operator
974 ;
975
976simple_assignment_operator:
977 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
978 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; } // CFA
979 ;
980
981compound_assignment_operator:
982 EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
983 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
984 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
985 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
986 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
987 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
988 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
989 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
990 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
991 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
992 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
993 ;
994
995tuple: // CFA, tuple
996 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
997 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
998// '[' ']'
999// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
1000// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
1001// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
1002 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
1003 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
1004 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
1005 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $6 ) ) )); }
1006 ;
1007
1008tuple_expression_list:
1009 assignment_expression
1010 | '@' // CFA
1011 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1012 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression
1013 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1014 | tuple_expression_list ',' '@'
1015 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1016 ;
1017
1018comma_expression:
1019 assignment_expression
1020 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
1021 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1022 ;
1023
1024comma_expression_opt:
1025 // empty
1026 { $$ = nullptr; }
1027 | comma_expression
1028 ;
1029
1030//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
1031
1032statement:
1033 labeled_statement
1034 | compound_statement
1035 | expression_statement
1036 | selection_statement
1037 | iteration_statement
1038 | jump_statement
1039 | with_statement
1040 | mutex_statement
1041 | waitfor_statement
1042 | exception_statement
1043 | enable_disable_statement
1044 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1045 | asm_statement
1046 | DIRECTIVE
1047 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
1048 ;
1049
1050labeled_statement:
1051 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1052 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1053 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1054 | identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt error
1055 { SemanticError( yylloc, "previous label must be associated with a statement (where a declaration is not a statement). Move the label or terminate with a semi-colon." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1056 ;
1057
1058compound_statement:
1059 '{' '}'
1060 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1061 | '{' push
1062 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels appear at start of block
1063 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1064 pop '}'
1065 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1066 ;
1067
1068statement_decl_list: // C99
1069 statement_decl
1070 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1071 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1072 ;
1073
1074statement_decl:
1075 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1076 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1077 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1078 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1079 | function_definition
1080 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1081 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1082 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1083 | statement
1084 ;
1085
1086statement_list_nodecl:
1087 statement
1088 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1089 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1090 | statement_list_nodecl error
1091 { SemanticError( yylloc, "declarations only allowed at the start of the switch body, i.e., after the '{'." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1092 ;
1093
1094expression_statement:
1095 comma_expression_opt ';'
1096 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1097 | MUTEX '(' ')' comma_expression ';'
1098 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_mutex( nullptr, new StatementNode( build_expr( $4 ) ) ) ); }
1099 ;
1100
1101selection_statement:
1102 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1103 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1104 push if_statement pop
1105 { $$ = $2; }
1106 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1107 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1108 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1109 {
1110 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1111 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1112 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1113 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1114 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1115 // statement.
1116 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1117 }
1118 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' error '}' // CFA
1119 { SemanticError( yylloc, "only declarations can appear before the list of case clauses." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1120 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1121 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1122 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1123 {
1124 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1125 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1126 }
1127 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' error '}' // CFA
1128 { SemanticError( yylloc, "only declarations can appear before the list of case clauses." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1129 ;
1130
1131if_statement:
1132 IF '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement %prec THEN
1133 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1134 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), nullptr ) ); }
1135 | IF '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement ELSE statement
1136 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), maybe_build_compound( $7 ) ) ); }
1137 ;
1138
1139conditional_declaration:
1140 comma_expression
1141 { $$ = new CondCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1142 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1143 { $$ = new CondCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1144 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1145 { $$ = new CondCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1146 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1147 { $$ = new CondCtl( $1, $2 ); }
1148 ;
1149
1150// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1151// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1152
1153case_value: // CFA
1154 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1155 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1156 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1157 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1158 ;
1159
1160case_value_list: // CFA
1161 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1162 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1163 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1164 ;
1165
1166case_label: // CFA
1167 CASE error
1168 { SemanticError( yylloc, "missing case list after case." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1169 | CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1170 | CASE case_value_list error
1171 { SemanticError( yylloc, "missing colon after case list." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1172 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1173 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1174 | DEFAULT error
1175 { SemanticError( yylloc, "missing colon after default." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1176 ;
1177
1178case_label_list: // CFA
1179 case_label
1180 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1181 ;
1182
1183case_clause: // CFA
1184 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ); }
1185 ;
1186
1187switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1188 // empty
1189 { $$ = nullptr; }
1190 | switch_clause_list
1191 ;
1192
1193switch_clause_list: // CFA
1194 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1195 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1196 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1197 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1198 ;
1199
1200iteration_statement:
1201 WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1202 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new CondCtl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1203 | WHILE '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement %prec THEN
1204 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ) ) ); }
1205 | WHILE '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1206 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), $7 ) ); }
1207 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1208 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1209 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';' %prec THEN
1210 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1211 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ELSE statement // CFA
1212 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, maybe_build_compound( $2 ), $8 ) ); }
1213 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1214 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1215 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement %prec THEN
1216 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ) ) ); }
1217 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1218 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), $7 ) ); }
1219 ;
1220
1221for_control_expression_list:
1222 for_control_expression
1223 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1224 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1225 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1226 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1227 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1228 {
1229 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1230 if ( $1->condition ) {
1231 if ( $3->condition ) {
1232 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1233 } // if
1234 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1235 if ( $1->change ) {
1236 if ( $3->change ) {
1237 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1238 } // if
1239 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1240 $$ = $1;
1241 }
1242 ;
1243
1244for_control_expression:
1245 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1246 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1247 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1248 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1249 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1250 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1251
1252 | comma_expression // CFA
1253 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1254 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1255 | '=' comma_expression // CFA
1256 { $$ = forCtrl( $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1257 OperKinds::LEThan, $2->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1258 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1259 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1260 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1261 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1262 | comma_expression ';' // CFA
1263 { $$ = forCtrl( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0u" ) ) ), $1, nullptr, OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1264 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1265 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1266 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1267 | comma_expression ';' '=' comma_expression // CFA
1268 { $$ = forCtrl( $4, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1269 OperKinds::LEThan, $4->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1270 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1271 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1272 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1273 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1274
1275 | comma_expression ';' TYPEDEFname // CFA, array type
1276 {
1277 SemanticError( yylloc, "Array interator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1278 $$ = forCtrl( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $3 ) ), $1, nullptr, OperKinds::Range, nullptr, nullptr );
1279 }
1280
1281 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1282 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1283 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1284 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1285 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1286 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1287 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1288 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1289 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1290 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1291 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1292 ;
1293
1294inclexcl:
1295 '~'
1296 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1297 | ErangeUpEq
1298 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1299 | ErangeDown
1300 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1301 | ErangeDownEq
1302 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1303 ;
1304
1305jump_statement:
1306 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1307 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1308 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1309 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1310 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1311 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1312 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1313 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1314 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1315 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1316 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1317 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1318 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1319 | CONTINUE ';'
1320 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1321 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1322 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1323 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1324 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1325 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1326 | BREAK ';'
1327 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1328 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1329 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1330 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1331 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1332 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1333 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1334 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1335 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1336 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1337 | SUSPEND ';'
1338 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr ) ); }
1339 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1340 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $2 ) ); }
1341 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1342 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1343 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1344 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1345 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1346 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1347 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1348 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1349 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1350 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1351 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1352 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1353 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1354 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1355 ;
1356
1357fall_through_name: // CFA
1358 FALLTHRU
1359 | FALLTHROUGH
1360 ;
1361
1362with_statement:
1363 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1364 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) ); }
1365 ;
1366
1367// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1368mutex_statement:
1369 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1370 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_mutex( $3, $5 ) ); }
1371 ;
1372
1373when_clause:
1374 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1375 ;
1376
1377when_clause_opt:
1378 // empty
1379 { $$ = nullptr; }
1380 | when_clause
1381 ;
1382
1383waitfor:
1384 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1385 { $$ = $3; }
1386// | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1387// { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1388 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1389 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 )); }
1390 ;
1391
1392cast_expression_list:
1393 cast_expression
1394 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1395 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1396 { SemanticError( yylloc, "List of mutex member is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1397 ;
1398
1399timeout:
1400 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1401 ;
1402
1403waitfor_clause:
1404 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1405 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1406 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1407 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, $5 ); }
1408 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1409 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1410 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1411 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1412 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1413 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1414 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1415 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1416 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, maybe_build_compound( $7 ), $5 ); }
1417 ;
1418
1419waitfor_statement:
1420 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1421 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1422 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1423 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1424 ;
1425
1426exception_statement:
1427 TRY compound_statement handler_clause %prec THEN
1428 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1429 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1430 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1431 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1432 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1433 ;
1434
1435handler_clause:
1436 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1437 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1438 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1439 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1440 ;
1441
1442handler_predicate_opt:
1443 // empty
1444 { $$ = nullptr; }
1445 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1446 ;
1447
1448handler_key:
1449 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1450 | RECOVER { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1451 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1452 | FIXUP { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1453 ;
1454
1455finally_clause:
1456 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1457 ;
1458
1459exception_declaration:
1460 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1461 type_specifier_nobody
1462 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1463 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1464 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1465 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1466 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1467 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1468 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1469 ;
1470
1471enable_disable_statement:
1472 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1473 ;
1474
1475enable_disable_key:
1476 ENABLE
1477 | DISABLE
1478 ;
1479
1480asm_statement:
1481 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1482 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1483 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1484 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1485 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1486 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1487 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1488 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1489 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1490 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1491 ;
1492
1493asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1494 // empty
1495 { $$ = false; }
1496 | VOLATILE
1497 { $$ = true; }
1498 ;
1499
1500asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1501 // empty
1502 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1503 | asm_operands_list
1504 ;
1505
1506asm_operands_list: // GCC
1507 asm_operand
1508 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1509 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1510 ;
1511
1512asm_operand: // GCC
1513 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1514 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( nullptr, $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1515 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1516 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( $2, $4, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $6 ) ) ); }
1517 ;
1518
1519asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1520 // empty
1521 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1522 | string_literal
1523 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1524 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1525 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) )); }
1526 ;
1527
1528label_list:
1529 identifier
1530 {
1531 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1532 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1533 }
1534 | label_list ',' identifier
1535 {
1536 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1537 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1538 }
1539 ;
1540
1541//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1542
1543declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1544 // empty
1545 { $$ = nullptr; }
1546 | declaration_list
1547 ;
1548
1549declaration_list:
1550 declaration
1551 | declaration_list declaration
1552 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1553 ;
1554
1555KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1556 // empty
1557 { $$ = nullptr; }
1558 | KR_parameter_list
1559 ;
1560
1561KR_parameter_list:
1562 push c_declaration pop ';'
1563 { $$ = $2; }
1564 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1565 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1566 ;
1567
1568local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1569 // empty
1570 | local_label_declaration_list
1571 ;
1572
1573local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1574 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1575 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1576 ;
1577
1578local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1579 identifier_or_type_name
1580 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1581 ;
1582
1583declaration: // old & new style declarations
1584 c_declaration ';'
1585 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1586 | static_assert // C11
1587 ;
1588
1589static_assert:
1590 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1591 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1592 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1593 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1594
1595// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1596// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1597// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1598// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1599// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1600// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1601//
1602// CFA C
1603// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1604// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1605
1606cfa_declaration: // CFA
1607 cfa_variable_declaration
1608 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1609 | cfa_function_declaration
1610 | type_declaring_list
1611 { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1612 | trait_specifier
1613 ;
1614
1615cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1616 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1617 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1618 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1619 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1620 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1621 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1622 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1623 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1624 ;
1625
1626cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1627 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1628 // storage-class
1629 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1630 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1631 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1632 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1633 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1634 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1635 ;
1636
1637cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1638 cfa_function_specifier
1639 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1640 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1641 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1642 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1643 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1644 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1645 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1646 {
1647 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1648 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1649 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1650 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1651 }
1652 ;
1653
1654cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1655// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1656// {
1657// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1658// }
1659// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1660// {
1661// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1662// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1663// }
1664// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1665// {
1666// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1667// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1668// }
1669// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1670 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1671 //
1672 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1673 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1674 //
1675 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1676 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1677 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1678 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1679 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1680 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1681 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1682 ;
1683
1684cfa_function_return: // CFA
1685 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1686 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1687 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1688 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1689 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1690 ;
1691
1692cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1693 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1694 {
1695 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1696 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1697 }
1698 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1699 {
1700 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1701 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1702 }
1703 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push identifier
1704 {
1705 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1706 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1707 }
1708 ;
1709
1710// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1711// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1712
1713typedef_declaration:
1714 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1715 {
1716 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1717 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1718 }
1719 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1720 {
1721 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1722 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1723 }
1724 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1725 {
1726 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1727 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1728 }
1729 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1730 {
1731 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1732 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1733 }
1734 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1735 {
1736 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1737 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1738 }
1739 ;
1740
1741typedef_expression:
1742 // deprecated GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1743 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
1744 {
1745 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1746 }
1747 | typedef_expression pop ',' push identifier '=' assignment_expression
1748 {
1749 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1750 }
1751 ;
1752
1753c_declaration:
1754 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1755 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1756 | typedef_declaration
1757 | typedef_expression // deprecated GCC, naming expression type
1758 | sue_declaration_specifier
1759 ;
1760
1761declaring_list:
1762 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1763 // storage-class
1764 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1765 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1766 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1767 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1768 ;
1769
1770declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1771 basic_declaration_specifier
1772 | sue_declaration_specifier
1773 | type_declaration_specifier
1774 ;
1775
1776declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1777 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1778 //
1779 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1780 //
1781 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1782 basic_declaration_specifier
1783 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1784 | type_declaration_specifier
1785 ;
1786
1787type_specifier: // type specifier
1788 basic_type_specifier
1789 | sue_type_specifier
1790 | type_type_specifier
1791 ;
1792
1793type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1794 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1795 //
1796 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1797 //
1798 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1799 basic_type_specifier
1800 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1801 | type_type_specifier
1802 ;
1803
1804type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1805 // empty
1806 { $$ = nullptr; }
1807 | type_qualifier_list
1808 ;
1809
1810type_qualifier_list:
1811 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1812 //
1813 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1814 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1815 // appeared only once.
1816 type_qualifier
1817 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1818 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1819 ;
1820
1821type_qualifier:
1822 type_qualifier_name
1823 | attribute // trick handles most atrribute locations
1824 ;
1825
1826type_qualifier_name:
1827 CONST
1828 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1829 | RESTRICT
1830 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1831 | VOLATILE
1832 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1833 | ATOMIC
1834 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1835 | forall
1836 ;
1837
1838forall:
1839 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1840 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1841 ;
1842
1843declaration_qualifier_list:
1844 storage_class_list
1845 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1846 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1847 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1848 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1849 ;
1850
1851storage_class_list:
1852 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1853 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1854 //
1855 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1856 // specifiers in a declaration.
1857 storage_class
1858 | storage_class_list storage_class
1859 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1860 ;
1861
1862storage_class:
1863 EXTERN
1864 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1865 | STATIC
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1867 | AUTO
1868 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1869 | REGISTER
1870 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1871 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1872 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1873 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1874 | INLINE // C99
1875 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1876 | FORTRAN // C99
1877 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1878 | NORETURN // C11
1879 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1880 ;
1881
1882basic_type_name:
1883 VOID
1884 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1885 | BOOL // C99
1886 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1887 | CHAR
1888 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1889 | INT
1890 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1891 | INT128
1892 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1893 | UINT128
1894 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 )->addType( DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ) ); }
1895 | FLOAT
1896 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1897 | DOUBLE
1898 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1899 | uuFLOAT80
1900 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1901 | uuFLOAT128
1902 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1903 | uFLOAT16
1904 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1905 | uFLOAT32
1906 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1907 | uFLOAT32X
1908 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1909 | uFLOAT64
1910 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1911 | uFLOAT64X
1912 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1913 | uFLOAT128
1914 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1915 | DECIMAL32
1916 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal32 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1917 | DECIMAL64
1918 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal64 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1919 | DECIMAL128
1920 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal128 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1921 | COMPLEX // C99
1922 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1923 | IMAGINARY // C99
1924 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1925 | SIGNED
1926 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1927 | UNSIGNED
1928 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1929 | SHORT
1930 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1931 | LONG
1932 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1933 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1934 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1935 | AUTO_TYPE
1936 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::AutoType ); }
1937 | vtable
1938 ;
1939
1940vtable_opt:
1941 // empty
1942 { $$ = nullptr; }
1943 | vtable
1944 ;
1945
1946vtable:
1947 VTABLE '(' type_name ')' default_opt
1948 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVtableType( $3 ); }
1949 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "vtable is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1950 ;
1951
1952default_opt:
1953 // empty
1954 { $$ = nullptr; }
1955 | DEFAULT
1956 { SemanticError( yylloc, "vtable default is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1957 ;
1958
1959basic_declaration_specifier:
1960 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1961 basic_type_specifier
1962 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1963 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1964 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1965 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1966 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1967 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1968 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1969 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1970 ;
1971
1972basic_type_specifier:
1973 direct_type
1974 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1975 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1976 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1977 ;
1978
1979direct_type:
1980 basic_type_name
1981 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1982 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1983 | direct_type type_qualifier
1984 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1985 | direct_type basic_type_name
1986 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1987 ;
1988
1989indirect_type:
1990 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1991 { $$ = $3; }
1992 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1993 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1994 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1995 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1996 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1997 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1998 | ZERO_T // CFA
1999 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
2000 | ONE_T // CFA
2001 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
2002 ;
2003
2004sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
2005 sue_type_specifier
2006 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
2007 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2008 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2009 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2010 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2011 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2012 ;
2013
2014sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
2015 elaborated_type
2016 | type_qualifier_list
2017 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
2018 elaborated_type
2019 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2020 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
2021 {
2022 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2023 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
2024 }
2025 ;
2026
2027sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
2028 sue_type_specifier_nobody
2029 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
2030 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2031 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2032 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2033 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
2034 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2035 ;
2036
2037sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
2038 elaborated_type_nobody
2039 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
2040 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2041 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
2042 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2043 ;
2044
2045type_declaration_specifier:
2046 type_type_specifier
2047 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
2048 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2049 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2050 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2051 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2052 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2053 ;
2054
2055type_type_specifier: // typedef types
2056 type_name
2057 | type_qualifier_list type_name
2058 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2059 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
2060 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2061 ;
2062
2063type_name:
2064 TYPEDEFname
2065 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
2066 | '.' TYPEDEFname
2067 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
2068 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
2069 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
2070 | typegen_name
2071 | '.' typegen_name
2072 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
2073 | type_name '.' typegen_name
2074 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
2075 ;
2076
2077typegen_name: // CFA
2078 TYPEGENname
2079 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2080 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2081 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2082 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2083 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
2084 ;
2085
2086elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2087 aggregate_type
2088 | enum_type
2089 ;
2090
2091elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2092 aggregate_type_nobody
2093 | enum_type_nobody
2094 ;
2095
2096aggregate_type: // struct, union
2097 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2098 { forall = false; } // reset
2099 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2100 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2101 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2102 {
2103 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2104 forall = false; // reset
2105 }
2106 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2107 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2108 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname // unqualified type name
2109 {
2110 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2111 forall = false; // reset
2112 }
2113 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2114 {
2115 DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 );
2116 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2117 }
2118 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEGENname // unqualified type name
2119 {
2120 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2121 forall = false; // reset
2122 }
2123 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2124 {
2125 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $3, nullptr );
2126 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2127 }
2128 | aggregate_type_nobody
2129 ;
2130
2131type_parameters_opt:
2132 // empty
2133 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2134 | '(' type_list ')'
2135 { $$ = $2; }
2136 ;
2137
2138aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2139 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2140 {
2141 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2142 forall = false; // reset
2143 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2144 }
2145 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name
2146 {
2147 forall = false; // reset
2148 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2149 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2150 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2151 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2152 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2153 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2154 delete $3;
2155 }
2156 ;
2157
2158aggregate_key:
2159 aggregate_data
2160 | aggregate_control
2161 ;
2162
2163aggregate_data:
2164 STRUCT vtable_opt
2165 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2166 | UNION
2167 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Union; }
2168 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2169 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2170 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "exception aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2171 ;
2172
2173aggregate_control: // CFA
2174 MONITOR
2175 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2176 | MUTEX STRUCT
2177 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2178 | GENERATOR
2179 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2180 | MUTEX GENERATOR
2181 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2182 | COROUTINE
2183 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2184 | MUTEX COROUTINE
2185 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2186 | THREAD
2187 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2188 | MUTEX THREAD
2189 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2190 ;
2191
2192field_declaration_list_opt:
2193 // empty
2194 { $$ = nullptr; }
2195 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2196 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2197 ;
2198
2199field_declaration:
2200 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2201 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2202 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2203 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2204 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2205 {
2206 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2207 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2208 } // if
2209 $3->inLine = true;
2210 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2211 distInl( $3 );
2212 }
2213 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2214 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2215 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2216 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2217 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2218 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2219 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2220 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2221 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2222 | static_assert // C11
2223 ;
2224
2225field_declaring_list_opt:
2226 // empty
2227 { $$ = nullptr; }
2228 | field_declarator
2229 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2230 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2231 ;
2232
2233field_declarator:
2234 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2235 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2236 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2237 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2238 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2239 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2240 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2241 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2242 ;
2243
2244field_abstract_list_opt:
2245 // empty
2246 { $$ = nullptr; }
2247 | field_abstract
2248 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2249 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2250 ;
2251
2252field_abstract:
2253 // no bit fields
2254 variable_abstract_declarator
2255 ;
2256
2257cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2258 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2259 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2260 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2261 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2262 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2263 ;
2264
2265cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2266 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2267 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2268 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2269 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2270 ;
2271
2272bit_subrange_size_opt:
2273 // empty
2274 { $$ = nullptr; }
2275 | bit_subrange_size
2276 ;
2277
2278bit_subrange_size:
2279 ':' assignment_expression
2280 { $$ = $2; }
2281 ;
2282
2283enum_type: // enum
2284 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2285 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2286 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2287 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2288 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2289 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2290 | ENUM attribute_list_opt typedef_name // unqualified type name
2291 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2292 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2293 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2294 {
2295 if ( $3->storageClasses.val != 0 || $3->type->qualifiers.val != 0 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." ); }
2296 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2297 }
2298 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt
2299 {
2300 if ( $3->storageClasses.val != 0 || $3->type->qualifiers.val != 0 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." ); }
2301 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$6 );
2302 }
2303 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2304 {
2305 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2306 }
2307 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt typedef_name attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2308 {
2309 if ( $3->storageClasses.val != 0 || $3->type->qualifiers.val != 0 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." ); }
2310 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$6->name );
2311 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2312 }
2313 | enum_type_nobody
2314 ;
2315
2316enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2317 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2318 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2319 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name // qualified type name
2320 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name ); $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2321 ;
2322
2323enumerator_list:
2324 identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2325 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2326 | INLINE type_name
2327 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( new string("inline"), nullptr ); }
2328 | enumerator_list ',' identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2329 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2330 | enumerator_list ',' INLINE type_name enumerator_value_opt
2331 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( new string("inline"), nullptr ) ); }
2332 ;
2333
2334enumerator_value_opt:
2335 // empty
2336 { $$ = nullptr; }
2337 // | '=' constant_expression
2338 // { $$ = $2; }
2339 | simple_assignment_operator initializer
2340 { $$ = $2->get_expression(); } // FIX ME: enum only deals with constant_expression
2341 ;
2342
2343cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2344 // empty
2345 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2346 | ELLIPSIS
2347 { $$ = nullptr; }
2348 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2349 | cfa_parameter_list
2350 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2351 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2352 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2353 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2354 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2355 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2356 ;
2357
2358cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2359 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2360 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2361 cfa_parameter_declaration
2362 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2363 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2364 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2365 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2366 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2367 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2368 ;
2369
2370cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2371 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2372 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2373 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2374 ;
2375
2376parameter_type_list_opt:
2377 // empty
2378 { $$ = nullptr; }
2379 | ELLIPSIS
2380 { $$ = nullptr; }
2381 | parameter_list
2382 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2383 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2384 ;
2385
2386parameter_list: // abstract + real
2387 abstract_parameter_declaration
2388 | parameter_declaration
2389 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2390 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2391 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2392 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2393 ;
2394
2395// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2396// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2397
2398cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2399 parameter_declaration
2400 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2401 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2402 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2403 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2404 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2405 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2406 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2407 | cfa_function_specifier
2408 ;
2409
2410cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2411 abstract_parameter_declaration
2412 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2413 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2414 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2415 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2416 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2417 | cfa_abstract_function
2418 ;
2419
2420parameter_declaration:
2421 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2422 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2423 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2424 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initializer_opt
2425 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2426 ;
2427
2428abstract_parameter_declaration:
2429 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initializer_opt
2430 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2431 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2432 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2433 ;
2434
2435// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2436// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2437// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2438
2439identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2440 identifier
2441 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2442 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2443 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2444 ;
2445
2446identifier_or_type_name:
2447 identifier
2448 | TYPEDEFname
2449 | TYPEGENname
2450 ;
2451
2452type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2453 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2454 | type_specifier
2455 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2456 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2457 ;
2458
2459type: // typeof, assertion
2460 type_no_function
2461 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2462 ;
2463
2464initializer_opt:
2465 // empty
2466 { $$ = nullptr; }
2467 | simple_assignment_operator initializer { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2468 | '=' VOID { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2469 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2470 ;
2471
2472initializer:
2473 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2474 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2475 ;
2476
2477initializer_list_opt:
2478 // empty
2479 { $$ = nullptr; }
2480 | initializer
2481 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2482 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2483 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)($1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) )); }
2484 ;
2485
2486// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2487// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2488//
2489// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2490//
2491// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2492// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2493// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2494// shift/reduce conflicts
2495
2496designation:
2497 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2498 | identifier_at ':' // GCC, field name
2499 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2500 ;
2501
2502designator_list: // C99
2503 designator
2504 | designator_list designator
2505 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $2 )); }
2506 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2507 ;
2508
2509designator:
2510 '.' identifier_at // C99, field name
2511 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2512 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2513 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2514 { $$ = $3; }
2515 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2516 { $$ = $3; }
2517 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2518 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $5 ) ) ); }
2519 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2520 { $$ = $4; }
2521 ;
2522
2523// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2524// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2525//
2526// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2527//
2528// Type declarations: "otype" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2529// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2530// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2531//
2532// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2533// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2534//
2535// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2536// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2537// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2538// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2539// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2540
2541type_parameter_list: // CFA
2542 type_parameter
2543 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2544 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2545 ;
2546
2547type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2548 // empty
2549 { $$ = nullptr; }
2550 | '=' type
2551 { $$ = $2; }
2552 ;
2553
2554type_parameter: // CFA
2555 type_class identifier_or_type_name
2556 {
2557 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" );
2558 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Otype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype keyword is deprecated, use T " ); }
2559 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Dtype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "dtype keyword is deprecated, use T &" ); }
2560 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Ttype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "ttype keyword is deprecated, use T ..." ); }
2561 }
2562 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2563 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2564 | identifier_or_type_name new_type_class
2565 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2566 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2567 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $2, $1 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2568 | '[' identifier_or_type_name ']'
2569 {
2570 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDIMname, "9" );
2571 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dimension, $2 );
2572 }
2573 // | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2574 | assertion_list
2575 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2576 ;
2577
2578new_type_class: // CFA
2579 // empty
2580 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2581 | '&'
2582 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2583 | '*'
2584 { $$ = TypeDecl::DStype; } // dtype + sized
2585 // | '(' '*' ')'
2586 // { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2587 | ELLIPSIS
2588 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2589 ;
2590
2591type_class: // CFA
2592 OTYPE
2593 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2594 | DTYPE
2595 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2596 | FTYPE
2597 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2598 | TTYPE
2599 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2600 ;
2601
2602assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2603 // empty
2604 { $$ = nullptr; }
2605 | assertion_list
2606 ;
2607
2608assertion_list: // CFA
2609 assertion
2610 | assertion_list assertion
2611 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
2612 ;
2613
2614assertion: // CFA
2615 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2616 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2617 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2618 { $$ = $4; }
2619 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2620 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2621 ;
2622
2623type_list: // CFA
2624 type
2625 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2626 | assignment_expression
2627 | type_list ',' type
2628 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) )); }
2629 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2630 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2631 ;
2632
2633type_declaring_list: // CFA
2634 OTYPE type_declarator
2635 { $$ = $2; }
2636 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2637 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2638 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2639 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2640 ;
2641
2642type_declarator: // CFA
2643 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2644 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2645 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2646 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2647 ;
2648
2649type_declarator_name: // CFA
2650 identifier_or_type_name
2651 {
2652 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2653 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2654 }
2655 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2656 {
2657 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2658 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2659 }
2660 ;
2661
2662trait_specifier: // CFA
2663 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2664 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2665 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2666 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2667 ;
2668
2669trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2670 trait_declaration
2671 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2672 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2673 ;
2674
2675trait_declaration: // CFA
2676 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2677 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2678 ;
2679
2680cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2681 cfa_variable_specifier
2682 | cfa_function_specifier
2683 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2684 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2685 ;
2686
2687trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2688 type_specifier declarator
2689 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2690 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2691 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2692 ;
2693
2694//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2695
2696translation_unit:
2697 // empty, input file
2698 | external_definition_list
2699 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2700 ;
2701
2702external_definition_list:
2703 push external_definition pop
2704 { $$ = $2; }
2705 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2706 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2707 ;
2708
2709external_definition_list_opt:
2710 // empty
2711 { $$ = nullptr; }
2712 | external_definition_list
2713 ;
2714
2715up:
2716 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2717 ;
2718
2719down:
2720 { typedefTable.down(); }
2721 ;
2722
2723external_definition:
2724 DIRECTIVE
2725 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newDirectiveStmt( new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ) ); }
2726 | declaration
2727 | external_function_definition
2728 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2729 {
2730 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2731 $$ = $2;
2732 }
2733 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2734 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) ); }
2735 | EXTERN STRINGliteral
2736 {
2737 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2738 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2739 }
2740 up external_definition down
2741 {
2742 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2743 linkageStack.pop();
2744 $$ = $5;
2745 }
2746 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2747 {
2748 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2749 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2750 }
2751 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2752 {
2753 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2754 linkageStack.pop();
2755 $$ = $6;
2756 }
2757 | type_qualifier_list
2758 {
2759 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2760 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2761 }
2762 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2763 {
2764 distQual( $5, $1 );
2765 forall = false;
2766 $$ = $5;
2767 }
2768 | declaration_qualifier_list
2769 {
2770 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2771 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2772 }
2773 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2774 {
2775 distQual( $5, $1 );
2776 forall = false;
2777 $$ = $5;
2778 }
2779 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2780 {
2781 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2782 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2783 }
2784 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2785 {
2786 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2787 forall = false;
2788 $$ = $6;
2789 }
2790 ;
2791
2792external_function_definition:
2793 function_definition
2794 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2795 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2796 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2797 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2798 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2799 | function_declarator compound_statement
2800 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2801 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2802 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2803 ;
2804
2805with_clause_opt:
2806 // empty
2807 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2808 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2809 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2810 ;
2811
2812function_definition:
2813 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2814 {
2815 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2816 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2817 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2818 $$ = $1;
2819 }
2820 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2821 {
2822 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2823 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2824 }
2825 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2826 {
2827 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2828 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2829 }
2830 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2831 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2832 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2833 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2834 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2835 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2836 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2837 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2838 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2839
2840 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2841 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2842 {
2843 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2844 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2845 }
2846 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2847 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2848 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2849 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2850 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2851 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2852 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2853 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2854 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2855 ;
2856
2857declarator:
2858 variable_declarator
2859 | variable_type_redeclarator
2860 | function_declarator
2861 ;
2862
2863subrange:
2864 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2865 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
2866 ;
2867
2868asm_name_opt: // GCC
2869 // empty
2870 { $$ = nullptr; }
2871 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2872 {
2873 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2874 name->asmName = $3;
2875 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2876 }
2877 ;
2878
2879attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2880 // empty
2881 { $$ = nullptr; }
2882 | attribute_list
2883 ;
2884
2885attribute_list: // GCC
2886 attribute
2887 | attribute_list attribute
2888 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2889 ;
2890
2891attribute: // GCC
2892 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2893 { $$ = $4; }
2894 ;
2895
2896attribute_name_list: // GCC
2897 attribute_name
2898 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2899 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2900 ;
2901
2902attribute_name: // GCC
2903 // empty
2904 { $$ = nullptr; }
2905 | attr_name
2906 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2907 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
2908 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2909 ;
2910
2911attr_name: // GCC
2912 IDENTIFIER
2913 | quasi_keyword
2914 | TYPEDEFname
2915 | TYPEGENname
2916 | FALLTHROUGH
2917 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2918 | CONST
2919 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2920 ;
2921
2922// ============================================================================
2923// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2924// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2925// in:
2926//
2927// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2928// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2929//
2930// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2931// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2932// ============================================================================
2933
2934// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2935// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2936// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2937//
2938// valid declaration invalid definition
2939// ----------------- ------------------
2940// int f; int f {}
2941// int *f; int *f {}
2942// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2943// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2944//
2945// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2946// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2947// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2948
2949// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2950// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2951
2952paren_identifier:
2953 identifier_at
2954 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2955 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2956 { $$ = $2; }
2957 ;
2958
2959variable_declarator:
2960 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2961 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2962 | variable_ptr
2963 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2964 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2965 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2966 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2967 ;
2968
2969variable_ptr:
2970 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2971 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2972 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2973 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2974 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
2975 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2976 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
2977 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
2978 ;
2979
2980variable_array:
2981 paren_identifier array_dimension
2982 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2983 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2984 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2985 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2986 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2987 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2988 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2989 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2990 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2991 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2992 { $$ = $2; }
2993 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2994 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2995 ;
2996
2997variable_function:
2998 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2999 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3000 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3001 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3002 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3003 { $$ = $2; }
3004 | '(' attribute_list variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3005 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3006 ;
3007
3008// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
3009// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
3010// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3011
3012function_declarator:
3013 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
3014 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3015 | function_ptr
3016 | function_array attribute_list_opt
3017 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3018 ;
3019
3020function_no_ptr:
3021 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3022 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3023 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3024 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3025 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3026 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3027 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3028 { $$ = $2; }
3029 | '(' attribute_list function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3030 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3031 ;
3032
3033function_ptr:
3034 ptrref_operator function_declarator
3035 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3036 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
3037 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3038 | '(' function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3039 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3040 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3041 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3042 ;
3043
3044function_array:
3045 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3046 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3047 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3048 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3049 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3050 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3051 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3052 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3053 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3054 { $$ = $2; }
3055 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3056 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3057 ;
3058
3059// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
3060//
3061// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
3062//
3063// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
3064// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3065
3066KR_function_declarator:
3067 KR_function_no_ptr
3068 | KR_function_ptr
3069 | KR_function_array
3070 ;
3071
3072KR_function_no_ptr:
3073 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
3074 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
3075 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3076 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3077 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3078 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3079 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3080 { $$ = $2; }
3081 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3082 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3083 ;
3084
3085KR_function_ptr:
3086 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
3087 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3088 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
3089 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3090 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
3091 { $$ = $2; }
3092 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')'
3093 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3094 ;
3095
3096KR_function_array:
3097 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3098 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3099 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3100 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3101 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3102 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3103 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3104 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3105 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3106 { $$ = $2; }
3107 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3108 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3109 ;
3110
3111// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
3112//
3113// typedef int foo;
3114// {
3115// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
3116// }
3117//
3118// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3119// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3120
3121paren_type:
3122 typedef_name
3123 {
3124 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
3125 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
3126 }
3127 | '(' paren_type ')'
3128 { $$ = $2; }
3129 ;
3130
3131variable_type_redeclarator:
3132 paren_type attribute_list_opt
3133 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3134 | type_ptr
3135 | type_array attribute_list_opt
3136 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3137 | type_function attribute_list_opt
3138 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3139 ;
3140
3141type_ptr:
3142 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
3143 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3144 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
3145 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3146 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3147 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3148 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3149 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3150 ;
3151
3152type_array:
3153 paren_type array_dimension
3154 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3155 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3156 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3157 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3158 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3159 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3160 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3161 | '(' attribute_list type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3162 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3163 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3164 { $$ = $2; }
3165 | '(' attribute_list type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3166 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3167 ;
3168
3169type_function:
3170 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3171 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3172 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3173 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3174 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3175 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3176 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3177 { $$ = $2; }
3178 | '(' attribute_list type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3179 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3180 ;
3181
3182// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
3183// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
3184// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3185// pointers to arrays and functions.
3186
3187identifier_parameter_declarator:
3188 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3189 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3190 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3191 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3192 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3193 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3194 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3195 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3196 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3197 ;
3198
3199identifier_parameter_ptr:
3200 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3201 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3202 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3203 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3204 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3205 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3206 ;
3207
3208identifier_parameter_array:
3209 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3210 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3211 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3212 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3213 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3214 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3215 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3216 { $$ = $2; }
3217 ;
3218
3219identifier_parameter_function:
3220 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3221 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3222 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3223 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3224 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3225 { $$ = $2; }
3226 ;
3227
3228// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3229// e.g.:
3230//
3231// typedef int foo;
3232// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3233// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3234//
3235// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3236
3237type_parameter_redeclarator:
3238 typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3239 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3240 | '&' MUTEX typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3241 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3242 | type_parameter_ptr
3243 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3244 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3245 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3246 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3247 ;
3248
3249typedef_name:
3250 TYPEDEFname
3251 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3252 | TYPEGENname
3253 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3254 ;
3255
3256type_parameter_ptr:
3257 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3258 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3259 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3260 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3261 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3262 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3263 ;
3264
3265type_parameter_array:
3266 typedef_name array_parameter_dimension
3267 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3268 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3269 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3270 ;
3271
3272type_parameter_function:
3273 typedef_name '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3274 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3275 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3276 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3277 ;
3278
3279// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3280// which the type applies, e.g.:
3281//
3282// sizeof( int );
3283// sizeof( int * );
3284// sizeof( int [10] );
3285// sizeof( int (*)() );
3286// sizeof( int () );
3287//
3288// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3289// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3290
3291abstract_declarator:
3292 abstract_ptr
3293 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3294 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3295 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3296 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3297 ;
3298
3299abstract_ptr:
3300 ptrref_operator
3301 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3302 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3303 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3304 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3305 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3306 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3307 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3308 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3309 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3310 ;
3311
3312abstract_array:
3313 array_dimension
3314 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3315 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3316 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3317 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3318 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3319 { $$ = $2; }
3320 ;
3321
3322abstract_function:
3323 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3324 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3325 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3326 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3327 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3328 { $$ = $2; }
3329 ;
3330
3331array_dimension:
3332 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3333 '[' ']'
3334 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3335 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3336 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3337 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' comma_expression ']'
3338 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false )->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $6, 0, false ) ); }
3339 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array dimension is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3340 | multi_array_dimension
3341 ;
3342
3343multi_array_dimension:
3344 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3345 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3346 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3347 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3348 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3349 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3350 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3351 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3352 ;
3353
3354// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3355// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3356//
3357// int f( int ); // not handled here
3358// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3359// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3360// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3361//
3362// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3363// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3364// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3365//
3366// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3367// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3368// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3369//
3370// For example:
3371//
3372// typedef float T;
3373// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3374// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3375// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3376// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3377//
3378// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3379// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3380// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3381// functions.
3382
3383abstract_parameter_declarator:
3384 abstract_parameter_ptr
3385 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3386 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3387 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3388 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3389 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3390 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3391 ;
3392
3393abstract_parameter_ptr:
3394 ptrref_operator
3395 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3396 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3397 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3398 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3399 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3400 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3401 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3402 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3403 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3404 ;
3405
3406abstract_parameter_array:
3407 array_parameter_dimension
3408 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3409 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3410 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3411 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3412 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3413 { $$ = $2; }
3414 ;
3415
3416abstract_parameter_function:
3417 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3418 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3419 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3420 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3421 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3422 { $$ = $2; }
3423 ;
3424
3425array_parameter_dimension:
3426 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3427 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3428 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3429 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3430 | multi_array_dimension
3431 ;
3432
3433// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3434//
3435// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3436// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3437
3438array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3439 '[' ']'
3440 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3441 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3442 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3443 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3444 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3445 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3446 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3447 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3448 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3449 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3450 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3451 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3452 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3453 ;
3454
3455// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3456//
3457// struct S {
3458// int;
3459// int *;
3460// int [10];
3461// int (*)();
3462// };
3463
3464variable_abstract_declarator:
3465 variable_abstract_ptr
3466 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3467 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3468 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3469 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3470 ;
3471
3472variable_abstract_ptr:
3473 ptrref_operator
3474 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3475 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3476 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3477 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3478 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3479 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3480 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3481 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3482 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3483 ;
3484
3485variable_abstract_array:
3486 array_dimension
3487 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3488 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3489 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3490 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3491 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3492 { $$ = $2; }
3493 ;
3494
3495variable_abstract_function:
3496 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3497 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3498 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3499 { $$ = $2; }
3500 ;
3501
3502// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3503// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3504
3505cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3506 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3507 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3508 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3509 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3510 ;
3511
3512cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3513 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3514 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3515 ;
3516
3517cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3518 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3519 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3520 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3521 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3522 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3523 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3524 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3525 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3526 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3527 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3528 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3529 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3530 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3531 ;
3532
3533cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3534 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3535 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3536 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3537 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3538 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3539 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3540 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3541 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3542 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3543 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3544 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3545 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3546
3547 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3548 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3549 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3550 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3551 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3552 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3553 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3554 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3555 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3556 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3557 ;
3558
3559cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3560 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3561 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3562 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3563 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3564 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3565 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3566 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3567 // appear in this context.
3568 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3569 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3570 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3571 ;
3572
3573// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3574// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3575//
3576// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3577// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3578//
3579// These rules need LR(3):
3580//
3581// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3582// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3583//
3584// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3585//
3586// [int, int] t;
3587// [int, int] f( int );
3588//
3589// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3590// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3591// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3592// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3593
3594cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3595 cfa_abstract_tuple
3596 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3597 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3598 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3599 ;
3600
3601cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3602 cfa_abstract_ptr
3603 | cfa_abstract_array
3604 ;
3605
3606cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3607 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3608 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3609 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3610 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3611 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3612 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3613 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3614 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3615 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3616 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3617 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3618 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3619 ;
3620
3621cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3622 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3623 // empty (void) function return type.
3624 '[' ']' type_specifier
3625 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3626 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3627 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3628 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3629 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3630 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3631 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3632 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3633 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3634 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3635 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3636 ;
3637
3638cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3639 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3640 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3641 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3642 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3643 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3644 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3645 ;
3646
3647cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3648// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3649// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3650 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3651 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3652 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3653 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3654 ;
3655
3656// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3657// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3658//
3659// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3660// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3661//
3662// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3663// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3664//
3665// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3666// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3667
3668//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3669
3670comma_opt: // redundant comma
3671 // empty
3672 | ','
3673 ;
3674
3675default_initializer_opt:
3676 // empty
3677 { $$ = nullptr; }
3678 | '=' assignment_expression
3679 { $$ = $2; }
3680 ;
3681
3682%%
3683
3684// ----end of grammar----
3685
3686// Local Variables: //
3687// mode: c++ //
3688// tab-width: 4 //
3689// compile-command: "make install" //
3690// End: //
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