source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ eff03a94

new-env
Last change on this file since eff03a94 was 3d56d15b, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 7 years ago

add push/pop up/down, semantic check for CV in distribution, initial check for structure names

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 124.8 KB
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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Fri Jun 22 13:59:11 2018
13// Update Count : 3586
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
122// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
123// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
124
125void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
126 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
127 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
128 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
129 } // if
130} // rebindForall
131
132NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
133 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
134 delete name;
135 return new_name;
136} // build_postfix_name
137
138bool forall = false, xxx = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
139
140// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
141#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
142if ( N ) { \
143 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
144 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
145 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
146 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
147 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
148} else { \
149 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
150 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
151 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
152}
153%}
154
155%define parse.error verbose
156
157// Types declaration for productions
158%union
159{
160 Token tok;
161 ParseNode * pn;
162 ExpressionNode * en;
163 DeclarationNode * decl;
164 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
165 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
166 StatementNode * sn;
167 WaitForStmt * wfs;
168 Expression * constant;
169 IfCtl * ifctl;
170 ForCtl * fctl;
171 LabelNode * label;
172 InitializerNode * in;
173 OperKinds op;
174 std::string * str;
175 bool flag;
176 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
177 GenericExpr * genexpr;
178}
179
180//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
181
182// keywords
183%token TYPEDEF
184%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
185%token THREADLOCAL // C11
186%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
187%token NORETURN // C11
188%token CONST VOLATILE
189%token RESTRICT // C99
190%token ATOMIC // C11
191%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
192%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
193%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
194%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
195%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
196%token VALIST // GCC
197%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
198%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
199%token EXCEPTION // CFA
200%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
201%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
202%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
203%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
204%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
205%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
206%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
207%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
208
209// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
210%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
211%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
212%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
213%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
214%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
215// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
216// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
217// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
218%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
219
220// multi-character operators
221%token ARROW // ->
222%token ICR DECR // ++ --
223%token LS RS // << >>
224%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
225%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
226%token ELLIPSIS // ...
227
228%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
229%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
230%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
231%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
232
233%token ATassign // @=
234
235%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
236%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
237%type<tok> quasi_keyword
238%type<constant> string_literal
239%type<str> string_literal_list
240
241// expressions
242%type<en> constant
243%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
244%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
245%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
246%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
247%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
248%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
249%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
250%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
251%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
252%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
253%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
254%type<fctl> for_control_expression
255%type<en> subrange
256%type<decl> asm_name_opt
257%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
258%type<label> label_list
259%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
260%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
261%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
262%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
263
264// statements
265%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
266%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
267%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
268%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
269%type<en> case_value
270%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
271%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
272%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
273%type<sn> with_statement
274%type<en> with_clause_opt
275%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
276%type<catch_kind> handler_key
277%type<sn> mutex_statement
278%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
279%type<sn> waitfor_statement
280%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
281
282// declarations
283%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
284%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
285%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
286
287%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
288%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
289
290%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
291
292%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
293
294%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
295
296%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
297
298%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
299%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
300
301%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
302
303%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
304%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
305
306%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
307
308%type<decl> exception_declaration
309
310%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list_opt field_declarator_opt field_declaring_list
311%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
312
313%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
314
315%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
316%type<decl> identifier_list
317
318%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
319%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
320%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
321
322%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
323
324%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
325%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
326
327%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
328%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
329
330%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
331
332%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
333
334%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
335%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
336%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
337
338%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
339
340%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
341
342%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
343
344%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
345
346%type<tclass> type_class
347%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
348
349%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
350%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
351
352%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
353
354%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
355
356%type<decl> type type_no_function
357%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
358
359%type<en> type_list
360
361%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
362%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
363
364%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
365%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
366
367%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
368
369// initializers
370%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
371
372// designators
373%type<en> designator designator_list designation
374
375
376// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
377// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
378// if ( C ) S1 else S2
379// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
380// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
381
382// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
383// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
384%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
385%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
386%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
387%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
388
389// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
390// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
391// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
392// Foo ( *fp )( int );
393// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
394// Must be:
395// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
396
397// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
398%precedence TYPEGENname
399%precedence '('
400
401%locations // support location tracking for error messages
402
403%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
404
405%%
406//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
407
408// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
409// which are lexically identical.
410//
411// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
412// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
413//
414// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
415// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
416// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
417// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
418// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
419//
420// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
421// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
422// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
423// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
424// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
425// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
426// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
427//
428// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
429// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
430// around the list separator.
431//
432// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
433// push pop push pop
434
435push:
436 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
437 ;
438
439pop:
440 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
441 ;
442
443//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
444
445constant:
446 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
447 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
448 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
449 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
450 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
451 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
452 ;
453
454quasi_keyword: // CFA
455 TIMEOUT
456 | WOR
457 ;
458
459identifier:
460 IDENTIFIER
461 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
462 | quasi_keyword
463 ;
464
465no_attr_identifier:
466 IDENTIFIER
467 | quasi_keyword
468 ;
469
470string_literal:
471 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
472 ;
473
474string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
475 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
476 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
477 {
478 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
479 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
480 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
481 }
482 ;
483
484//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
485
486primary_expression:
487 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
488 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
489 | quasi_keyword
490 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
491 | tuple
492 | '(' comma_expression ')'
493 { $$ = $2; }
494 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
495 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
496 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
497 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
498 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
499 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
500 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
501 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
502 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
503 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
504 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
505 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
506 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
507 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
508 { $$ = nullptr; }
509 | type_name '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
510 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
511 { $$ = nullptr; }
512 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
513 {
514 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
515 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
516 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
517 }
518 ;
519
520generic_assoc_list: // C11
521 generic_association
522 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
523 {
524 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
525 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
526 delete $3;
527 $$ = $1;
528 }
529 ;
530
531generic_association: // C11
532 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
533 {
534 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
535 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
536 }
537 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
538 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
539 ;
540
541postfix_expression:
542 primary_expression
543 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
544 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
545 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
546 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
547 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
548 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
549 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
550 {
551 Token fn;
552 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
553 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
554 }
555 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
556 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
557 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
558 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
559 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
560 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
561 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
562 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
563 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
564 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
565 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
566 {
567 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
568 }
569 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
570 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
571 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
572 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
573 | postfix_expression ICR
574 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
575 | postfix_expression DECR
576 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
577 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
578 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
579 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
580 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
581 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
582 {
583 Token fn;
584 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
585 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
586 }
587 ;
588
589argument_expression_list:
590 argument_expression
591 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
592 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
593 ;
594
595argument_expression:
596 // empty
597 { $$ = nullptr; }
598 // | '@' // use default argument
599 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
600 | assignment_expression
601 ;
602
603field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
604 field
605 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
606 ;
607
608field: // CFA, tuple field selector
609 field_name
610 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
611 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
612 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_list ']'
613 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
614 | field_name '.' field
615 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
616 | field_name '.' '[' field_list ']'
617 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
618 | field_name ARROW field
619 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
620 | field_name ARROW '[' field_list ']'
621 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
622 ;
623
624field_name:
625 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
626 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
627 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
628 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
629 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
630 {
631 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
632 }
633 ;
634
635fraction_constants_opt:
636 // empty
637 { $$ = nullptr; }
638 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
639 {
640 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
641 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
642 }
643 ;
644
645unary_expression:
646 postfix_expression
647 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
648 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
649 | constant
650 | string_literal
651 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
652 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
653 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
654 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
655 // { * X; } // dereference X
656 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
657 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
658 {
659 switch ( $1 ) {
660 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
661 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
662 break;
663 case OperKinds::PointTo:
664 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
665 break;
666 case OperKinds::And:
667 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
668 break;
669 default:
670 assert( false );
671 }
672 }
673 | unary_operator cast_expression
674 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
675 | ICR unary_expression
676 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
677 | DECR unary_expression
678 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
679 | SIZEOF unary_expression
680 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
681 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
682 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
683 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
684 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
685 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
686 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
687 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
688 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
689 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
690 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
691 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
692 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
693 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
694 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
695 ;
696
697ptrref_operator:
698 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
699 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
700 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
701 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
702 ;
703
704unary_operator:
705 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
706 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
707 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
708 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
709 ;
710
711cast_expression:
712 unary_expression
713 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
714 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
715 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
716 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
717 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
718 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
719 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
720 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
721 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
722 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
723 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
724 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
725 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
726// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
727// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
728 ;
729
730exponential_expression:
731 cast_expression
732 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
733 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
734 ;
735
736multiplicative_expression:
737 exponential_expression
738 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
739 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
740 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
741 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
742 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
743 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
744 ;
745
746additive_expression:
747 multiplicative_expression
748 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
749 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
750 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
751 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
752 ;
753
754shift_expression:
755 additive_expression
756 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
757 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
758 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
759 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
760 ;
761
762relational_expression:
763 shift_expression
764 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
765 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
766 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
767 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
768 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
769 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
770 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
771 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
772 ;
773
774equality_expression:
775 relational_expression
776 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
777 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
778 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
779 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
780 ;
781
782AND_expression:
783 equality_expression
784 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
785 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
786 ;
787
788exclusive_OR_expression:
789 AND_expression
790 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
791 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
792 ;
793
794inclusive_OR_expression:
795 exclusive_OR_expression
796 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
797 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
798 ;
799
800logical_AND_expression:
801 inclusive_OR_expression
802 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
803 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
804 ;
805
806logical_OR_expression:
807 logical_AND_expression
808 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
809 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
810 ;
811
812conditional_expression:
813 logical_OR_expression
814 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
815 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
816 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
817 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
818 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
819 ;
820
821constant_expression:
822 conditional_expression
823 ;
824
825assignment_expression:
826 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
827 conditional_expression
828 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
829 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
830 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
831 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
832 ;
833
834assignment_expression_opt:
835 // empty
836 { $$ = nullptr; }
837 | assignment_expression
838 ;
839
840assignment_operator:
841 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
842 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
843 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
844 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
845 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
846 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
847 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
848 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
849 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
850 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
851 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
852 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
853 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
854 ;
855
856tuple: // CFA, tuple
857 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
858 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
859// '[' ']'
860// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
861// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
862// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
863 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
864 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
865 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
866 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $6 ) ) ); }
867 ;
868
869tuple_expression_list:
870 assignment_expression_opt
871 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
872 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
873 ;
874
875comma_expression:
876 assignment_expression
877 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
878 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
879 ;
880
881comma_expression_opt:
882 // empty
883 { $$ = nullptr; }
884 | comma_expression
885 ;
886
887//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
888
889statement:
890 labeled_statement
891 | compound_statement
892 | expression_statement
893 | selection_statement
894 | iteration_statement
895 | jump_statement
896 | with_statement
897 | mutex_statement
898 | waitfor_statement
899 | exception_statement
900 | enable_disable_statement
901 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
902 | asm_statement
903 | DIRECTIVE
904 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
905 ;
906
907labeled_statement:
908 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
909 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
910 {
911 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
912 }
913 ;
914
915compound_statement:
916 '{' '}'
917 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
918 | '{' push
919 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
920 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
921 pop '}'
922 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
923 ;
924
925statement_decl_list: // C99
926 statement_decl
927 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
928 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
929 ;
930
931statement_decl:
932 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
933 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
934 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
935 {
936 distExt( $2 );
937 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
938 }
939 | function_definition
940 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
941 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
942 {
943 distExt( $2 );
944 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
945 }
946 | statement
947 ;
948
949statement_list_nodecl:
950 statement
951 | statement_list_nodecl statement
952 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
953 ;
954
955expression_statement:
956 comma_expression_opt ';'
957 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
958 ;
959
960selection_statement:
961 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
962 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
963 push if_statement pop
964 { $$ = $2; }
965 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
966 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
967 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
968 {
969 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
970 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
971 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
972 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
973 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
974 // statement.
975 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
976 }
977 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
978 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
979 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
980 {
981 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
982 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
983 }
984 ;
985
986if_statement:
987 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
988 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
989 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
990 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
991 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
992 ;
993
994if_control_expression:
995 comma_expression
996 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
997 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
998 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
999 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1000 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1001 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1002 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
1003 ;
1004
1005// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1006// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1007
1008case_value: // CFA
1009 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1010 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1011 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1012 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1013 ;
1014
1015case_value_list: // CFA
1016 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1017 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1018 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1019 ;
1020
1021case_label: // CFA
1022 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1023 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1024 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1025 ;
1026
1027//label_list_opt:
1028// // empty
1029// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1030// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1031// ;
1032
1033case_label_list: // CFA
1034 case_label
1035 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1036 ;
1037
1038case_clause: // CFA
1039 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1040 ;
1041
1042switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1043 // empty
1044 { $$ = nullptr; }
1045 | switch_clause_list
1046 ;
1047
1048switch_clause_list: // CFA
1049 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1050 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1051 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1052 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1053 ;
1054
1055iteration_statement:
1056 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1057 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, $6 ) ); }
1058 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1059 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
1060 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement pop
1061 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1062 ;
1063
1064for_control_expression:
1065 comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1066 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1067 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1068 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1069 ;
1070
1071jump_statement:
1072 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1073 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1074 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1075 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1076 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1077 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1078 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1079 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1080 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1081 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1082 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1083 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1084 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1085 | CONTINUE ';'
1086 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1087 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1088 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1089 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1090 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1091 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1092 | BREAK ';'
1093 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1094 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1095 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1096 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1097 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1098 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1099 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1100 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1101 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1102 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1103 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1104 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1105 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1106 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1107 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1108 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1109 ;
1110
1111fall_through_name: // CFA
1112 FALLTHRU
1113 | FALLTHROUGH
1114 ;
1115
1116with_statement:
1117 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1118 {
1119 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1120 }
1121 ;
1122
1123// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1124mutex_statement:
1125 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1126 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1127 ;
1128
1129when_clause:
1130 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1131 ;
1132
1133when_clause_opt:
1134 // empty
1135 { $$ = nullptr; }
1136 | when_clause
1137 ;
1138
1139waitfor:
1140 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1141 {
1142 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1143 delete $3;
1144 }
1145 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1146 {
1147 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1148 $$->set_last( $5 );
1149 delete $3;
1150 }
1151 ;
1152
1153timeout:
1154 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1155 ;
1156
1157waitfor_clause:
1158 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1159 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1160 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1161 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1162 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1163 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1164 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1165 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1166 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1167 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1168 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1169 ;
1170
1171waitfor_statement:
1172 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1173 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1174 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1175 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1176 ;
1177
1178exception_statement:
1179 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1180 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1181 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1182 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1183 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1184 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1185 ;
1186
1187handler_clause:
1188 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1189 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1190 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1191 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1192 ;
1193
1194handler_predicate_opt:
1195 // empty
1196 { $$ = nullptr; }
1197 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1198 ;
1199
1200handler_key:
1201 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1202 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1203 ;
1204
1205finally_clause:
1206 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1207 ;
1208
1209exception_declaration:
1210 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1211 type_specifier_nobody
1212 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1213 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1214 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1215 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1216 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1217 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1218 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1219 ;
1220
1221enable_disable_statement:
1222 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1223 ;
1224
1225enable_disable_key:
1226 ENABLE
1227 | DISABLE
1228 ;
1229
1230asm_statement:
1231 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1232 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1233 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1234 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1235 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1236 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1237 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1238 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1239 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1240 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1241 ;
1242
1243asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1244 // empty
1245 { $$ = false; }
1246 | VOLATILE
1247 { $$ = true; }
1248 ;
1249
1250asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1251 // empty
1252 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1253 | asm_operands_list
1254 ;
1255
1256asm_operands_list: // GCC
1257 asm_operand
1258 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1259 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1260 ;
1261
1262asm_operand: // GCC
1263 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1264 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1265 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1266 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1267 ;
1268
1269asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1270 // empty
1271 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1272 | string_literal
1273 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1274 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1275 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1276 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1277 ;
1278
1279label_list:
1280 no_attr_identifier
1281 {
1282 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1283 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1284 }
1285 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1286 {
1287 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1288 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1289 }
1290 ;
1291
1292//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1293
1294declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1295 // empty
1296 { $$ = nullptr; }
1297 | declaration_list
1298 ;
1299
1300declaration_list:
1301 declaration
1302 | declaration_list declaration
1303 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1304 ;
1305
1306KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1307 // empty
1308 { $$ = nullptr; }
1309 | KR_parameter_list
1310 ;
1311
1312KR_parameter_list:
1313 push c_declaration pop ';'
1314 { $$ = $2; }
1315 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1316 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1317 ;
1318
1319local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1320 // empty
1321 | local_label_declaration_list
1322 ;
1323
1324local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1325 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1326 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1327 ;
1328
1329local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1330 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1331 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1332 ;
1333
1334declaration: // old & new style declarations
1335 c_declaration ';'
1336 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1337 | static_assert // C11
1338 ;
1339
1340static_assert:
1341 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1342 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1343 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1344 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1345
1346// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1347// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1348// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1349// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1350// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1351// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1352//
1353// CFA C
1354// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1355// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1356
1357cfa_declaration: // CFA
1358 cfa_variable_declaration
1359 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1360 | cfa_function_declaration
1361 | type_declaring_list
1362 | trait_specifier
1363 ;
1364
1365cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1366 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1367 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1368 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1369 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1370 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1371 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1372 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1373 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1374 ;
1375
1376cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1377 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1378 // storage-class
1379 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1380 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1381 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1382 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1383 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1384 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1385 ;
1386
1387cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1388 cfa_function_specifier
1389 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1390 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1391 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1392 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1393 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1394 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1395 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1396 {
1397 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1398 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1399 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1400 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1401 }
1402 ;
1403
1404cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1405// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1406// {
1407// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1408// }
1409// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1410// {
1411// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1412// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1413// }
1414// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1415// {
1416// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1417// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1418// }
1419// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1420 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1421 //
1422 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1423 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1424 //
1425 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1426 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1427 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1428 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1429 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1430 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1431 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1432 ;
1433
1434cfa_function_return: // CFA
1435 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1436 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1437 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1438 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1439 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1440 ;
1441
1442cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1443 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1444 {
1445 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1446 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1447 }
1448 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1449 {
1450 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1451 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1452 }
1453 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1454 {
1455 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1456 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1457 }
1458 ;
1459
1460// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1461// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1462
1463typedef_declaration:
1464 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1465 {
1466 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1467 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1468 }
1469 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1470 {
1471 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1472 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1473 }
1474 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1475 {
1476 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1477 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1478 }
1479 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1480 {
1481 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1482 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1483 }
1484 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1485 {
1486 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1487 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1488 }
1489 ;
1490
1491typedef_expression:
1492 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1493 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1494 {
1495 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1496 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1497 }
1498 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1499 {
1500 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1501 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1502 }
1503 ;
1504
1505//c_declaration:
1506// declaring_list pop ';'
1507// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1508// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1509// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1510// ;
1511//
1512//declaring_list:
1513// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1514// // storage-class
1515// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1516// {
1517// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1518// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1519// }
1520// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1521// {
1522// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1523// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1524// }
1525// ;
1526
1527c_declaration:
1528 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1529 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1530 | typedef_declaration
1531 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1532 | sue_declaration_specifier
1533 ;
1534
1535declaring_list:
1536 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1537 // storage-class
1538 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1539 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1540 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1541 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1542 ;
1543
1544declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1545 basic_declaration_specifier
1546 | sue_declaration_specifier
1547 | type_declaration_specifier
1548 ;
1549
1550declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1551 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1552 //
1553 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1554 //
1555 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1556 basic_declaration_specifier
1557 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1558 | type_declaration_specifier
1559 ;
1560
1561type_specifier: // type specifier
1562 basic_type_specifier
1563 | sue_type_specifier
1564 | type_type_specifier
1565 ;
1566
1567type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1568 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1569 //
1570 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1571 //
1572 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1573 basic_type_specifier
1574 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1575 | type_type_specifier
1576 ;
1577
1578type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1579 // empty
1580 { $$ = nullptr; }
1581 | type_qualifier_list
1582 ;
1583
1584type_qualifier_list:
1585 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1586 //
1587 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1588 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1589 // appeared only once.
1590 type_qualifier
1591 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1592 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1593 ;
1594
1595type_qualifier:
1596 type_qualifier_name
1597 | attribute
1598 ;
1599
1600type_qualifier_name:
1601 CONST
1602 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1603 | RESTRICT
1604 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1605 | VOLATILE
1606 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1607 | ATOMIC
1608 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1609 | forall
1610 ;
1611
1612forall:
1613 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1614 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1615 ;
1616
1617declaration_qualifier_list:
1618 storage_class_list
1619 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1620 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1621 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1622 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1623 ;
1624
1625storage_class_list:
1626 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1627 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1628 //
1629 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1630 // specifiers in a declaration.
1631 storage_class
1632 | storage_class_list storage_class
1633 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1634 ;
1635
1636storage_class:
1637 EXTERN
1638 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1639 | STATIC
1640 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1641 | AUTO
1642 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1643 | REGISTER
1644 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1645 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1646 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1647 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1648 | INLINE // C99
1649 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1650 | FORTRAN // C99
1651 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1652 | NORETURN // C11
1653 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1654 ;
1655
1656basic_type_name:
1657 VOID
1658 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1659 | BOOL // C99
1660 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1661 | CHAR
1662 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1663 | INT
1664 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1665 | INT128
1666 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1667 | FLOAT
1668 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1669 | FLOAT80
1670 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1671 | FLOAT128
1672 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1673 | DOUBLE
1674 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1675 | COMPLEX // C99
1676 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1677 | IMAGINARY // C99
1678 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1679 | SIGNED
1680 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1681 | UNSIGNED
1682 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1683 | SHORT
1684 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1685 | LONG
1686 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1687 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1688 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1689 ;
1690
1691basic_declaration_specifier:
1692 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1693 basic_type_specifier
1694 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1695 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1696 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1697 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1698 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1699 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1700 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1701 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1702 ;
1703
1704basic_type_specifier:
1705 direct_type
1706 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1707 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1708 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1709 ;
1710
1711direct_type:
1712 basic_type_name
1713 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1714 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1715 | direct_type type_qualifier
1716 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1717 | direct_type basic_type_name
1718 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1719 ;
1720
1721indirect_type:
1722 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1723 { $$ = $3; }
1724 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1725 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1726 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1727 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1728 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1729 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1730 | ZERO_T // CFA
1731 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1732 | ONE_T // CFA
1733 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1734 ;
1735
1736sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1737 sue_type_specifier
1738 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1739 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1740 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1741 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1742 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1743 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1744 ;
1745
1746sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1747 elaborated_type
1748 | type_qualifier_list
1749 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1750 elaborated_type
1751 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1752 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1753 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1754 ;
1755
1756sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1757 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1758 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1759 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1760 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1761 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1762 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1763 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1764 ;
1765
1766sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1767 elaborated_type_nobody
1768 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1769 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1770 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1771 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1772 ;
1773
1774type_declaration_specifier:
1775 type_type_specifier
1776 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1777 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1778 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1779 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1780 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1781 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1782 ;
1783
1784type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1785 type_name
1786 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1787 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1788 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1789 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1790 ;
1791
1792type_name:
1793 TYPEDEFname
1794 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1795 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1796 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1797 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1798 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1799 | typegen_name
1800 | '.' typegen_name
1801 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1802 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1803 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1804 ;
1805
1806typegen_name: // CFA
1807 TYPEGENname
1808 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1809 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1810 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1811 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1812 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1813 ;
1814
1815elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1816 aggregate_type
1817 | enum_type
1818 ;
1819
1820elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1821 aggregate_type_nobody
1822 | enum_type_nobody
1823 ;
1824
1825fred:
1826 // empty
1827 { yyy = false; }
1828 ;
1829
1830aggregate_type: // struct, union
1831 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1832 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1833 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
1834 {
1835 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
1836 //if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1837 forall = false; // reset
1838 }
1839 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1840 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1841 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
1842 {
1843 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name, forall ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
1844 //if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3->type->symbolic.name, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1845 forall = false; // reset
1846 }
1847 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1848 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, nullptr, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1849 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' // CFA
1850 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1851 | aggregate_type_nobody
1852 ;
1853
1854aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1855 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
1856 {
1857 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
1858 //if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1859 forall = false; // reset
1860 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1861 }
1862 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
1863 {
1864 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1865 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1866 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1867 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1868 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1869 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1870 delete $3;
1871 }
1872 ;
1873
1874aggregate_key:
1875 STRUCT
1876 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1877 | UNION
1878 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1879 | EXCEPTION
1880 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
1881 | COROUTINE
1882 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1883 | MONITOR
1884 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1885 | THREAD
1886 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1887 ;
1888
1889field_declaration_list_opt:
1890 // empty
1891 { $$ = nullptr; }
1892 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
1893 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1894 ;
1895
1896field_declaration:
1897 type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1898 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1899 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1900 { distExt( $3 ); $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); } // mark all fields in list
1901 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
1902 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef in aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1903 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1904 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1905 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
1906 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
1907 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef in aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1908 | static_assert // C11
1909 ;
1910
1911cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1912 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1913 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1914 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1915 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1916 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1917 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1918 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1919 ;
1920
1921field_declaring_list:
1922 field_declarator_opt
1923 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator_opt
1924 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1925 ;
1926
1927field_declarator_opt:
1928 // empty
1929 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1930 // '@'
1931 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1932 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1933 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1934 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1935 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1936 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1937 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1938 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1939 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1940 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1941 ;
1942
1943bit_subrange_size_opt:
1944 // empty
1945 { $$ = nullptr; }
1946 | bit_subrange_size
1947 ;
1948
1949bit_subrange_size:
1950 ':' constant_expression
1951 { $$ = $2; }
1952 ;
1953
1954enum_type: // enum
1955 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1956 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1957 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1958 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1959 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1960 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1961 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
1962 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1963 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1964 | enum_type_nobody
1965 ;
1966
1967enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1968 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1969 {
1970 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1971 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1972 }
1973 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
1974 {
1975 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
1976 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1977 }
1978 ;
1979
1980enumerator_list:
1981 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1982 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
1983 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1984 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
1985 ;
1986
1987enumerator_value_opt:
1988 // empty
1989 { $$ = nullptr; }
1990 | '=' constant_expression
1991 { $$ = $2; }
1992 ;
1993
1994cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
1995 // empty
1996 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1997 | ELLIPSIS
1998 { $$ = nullptr; }
1999 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2000 | cfa_parameter_list
2001 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2002 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2003 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2004 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2005 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2006 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2007 ;
2008
2009cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2010 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2011 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2012 cfa_parameter_declaration
2013 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2014 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2015 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2016 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2017 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2018 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2019 ;
2020
2021cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2022 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2023 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2024 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2025 ;
2026
2027parameter_type_list_opt:
2028 // empty
2029 { $$ = nullptr; }
2030 | ELLIPSIS
2031 { $$ = nullptr; }
2032 | parameter_list
2033 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2034 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2035 ;
2036
2037parameter_list: // abstract + real
2038 abstract_parameter_declaration
2039 | parameter_declaration
2040 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2041 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2042 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2043 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2044 ;
2045
2046// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2047// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2048
2049cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2050 parameter_declaration
2051 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2052 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2053 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2054 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2055 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2056 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2057 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2058 | cfa_function_specifier
2059 ;
2060
2061cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2062 abstract_parameter_declaration
2063 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2064 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2065 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2066 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2067 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2068 | cfa_abstract_function
2069 ;
2070
2071parameter_declaration:
2072 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2073 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2074 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2075 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2076 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2077 ;
2078
2079abstract_parameter_declaration:
2080 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2081 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2082 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2083 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2084 ;
2085
2086// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2087// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2088// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2089
2090identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2091 no_attr_identifier
2092 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2093 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2094 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2095 ;
2096
2097identifier_or_type_name:
2098 identifier
2099 | TYPEDEFname
2100 | TYPEGENname
2101 ;
2102
2103no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2104 no_attr_identifier
2105 | TYPEDEFname
2106 | TYPEGENname
2107 ;
2108
2109type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2110 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2111 | type_specifier
2112 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2113 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2114 ;
2115
2116type: // typeof, assertion
2117 type_no_function
2118 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2119 ;
2120
2121initializer_opt:
2122 // empty
2123 { $$ = nullptr; }
2124 | '=' initializer
2125 { $$ = $2; }
2126 | '=' VOID
2127 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2128 | ATassign initializer
2129 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2130 ;
2131
2132initializer:
2133 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2134 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2135 ;
2136
2137initializer_list_opt:
2138 // empty
2139 { $$ = nullptr; }
2140 | initializer
2141 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2142 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2143 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2144 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2145 ;
2146
2147// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2148// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2149//
2150// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2151//
2152// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2153// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2154// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2155// shift/reduce conflicts
2156
2157designation:
2158 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2159 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2160 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2161 ;
2162
2163designator_list: // C99
2164 designator
2165 | designator_list designator
2166 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2167 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2168 ;
2169
2170designator:
2171 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2172 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2173 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2174 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2175 { $$ = $3; }
2176 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2177 { $$ = $3; }
2178 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2179 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2180 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2181 { $$ = $4; }
2182 ;
2183
2184// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2185// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2186//
2187// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2188//
2189// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2190// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2191// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2192//
2193// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2194// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2195//
2196// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2197// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2198// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2199// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2200// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2201
2202type_parameter_list: // CFA
2203 type_parameter
2204 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2205 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2206 ;
2207
2208type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2209 // empty
2210 { $$ = nullptr; }
2211 | '=' type
2212 { $$ = $2; }
2213 ;
2214
2215type_parameter: // CFA
2216 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2217 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2218 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2219 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2220 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2221 | assertion_list
2222 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2223 ;
2224
2225type_class: // CFA
2226 OTYPE
2227 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2228 | DTYPE
2229 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2230 | FTYPE
2231 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2232 | TTYPE
2233 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2234 ;
2235
2236assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2237 // empty
2238 { $$ = nullptr; }
2239 | assertion_list
2240 ;
2241
2242assertion_list: // CFA
2243 assertion
2244 | assertion_list assertion
2245 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2246 ;
2247
2248assertion: // CFA
2249 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2250 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2251 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2252 { $$ = $4; }
2253 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2254 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2255 ;
2256
2257type_list: // CFA
2258 type
2259 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2260 | assignment_expression
2261 | type_list ',' type
2262 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2263 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2264 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2265 ;
2266
2267type_declaring_list: // CFA
2268 OTYPE type_declarator
2269 { $$ = $2; }
2270 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2271 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2272 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2273 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2274 ;
2275
2276type_declarator: // CFA
2277 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2278 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2279 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2280 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2281 ;
2282
2283type_declarator_name: // CFA
2284 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2285 {
2286 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2287 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2288 }
2289 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2290 {
2291 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2292 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2293 }
2294 ;
2295
2296trait_specifier: // CFA
2297 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2298 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2299 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2300 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2301 ;
2302
2303trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2304 trait_declaration
2305 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2306 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2307 ;
2308
2309trait_declaration: // CFA
2310 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2311 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2312 ;
2313
2314cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2315 cfa_variable_specifier
2316 | cfa_function_specifier
2317 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2318 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2319 ;
2320
2321trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2322 type_specifier declarator
2323 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2324 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2325 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2326 ;
2327
2328//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2329
2330translation_unit:
2331 // empty, input file
2332 | external_definition_list
2333 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2334 ;
2335
2336external_definition_list:
2337 push external_definition pop
2338 { $$ = $2; }
2339 | external_definition_list
2340 { forall = xxx; }
2341 push external_definition pop
2342 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $4 ) : $4; }
2343 ;
2344
2345external_definition_list_opt:
2346 // empty
2347 { $$ = nullptr; }
2348 | external_definition_list
2349 ;
2350
2351up:
2352 { typedefTable.up(); }
2353 ;
2354
2355down:
2356 { typedefTable.down(); }
2357 ;
2358
2359external_definition:
2360 declaration
2361 | external_function_definition
2362 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2363 {
2364 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2365 $$ = $2;
2366 }
2367 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2368 {
2369 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2370 }
2371 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2372 {
2373 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2374 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2375 }
2376 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2377 {
2378 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2379 linkageStack.pop();
2380 $$ = $6;
2381 }
2382 | type_qualifier_list
2383 {
2384 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2385 if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2386 }
2387 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2388 {
2389 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2390 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2391 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2392 } // if
2393 } // for
2394 xxx = false;
2395 delete $1;
2396 $$ = $5;
2397 }
2398 | declaration_qualifier_list
2399 {
2400 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2401 if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2402 }
2403 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2404 {
2405 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2406 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2407 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2408 } // if
2409 } // for
2410 xxx = false;
2411 delete $1;
2412 $$ = $5;
2413 }
2414 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2415 {
2416 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2417 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2418 }
2419 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2420 {
2421 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $6; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2422 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) && isMangled( $2->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2423 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2424 iter->addQualifiers( $2->clone() );
2425 } // if
2426 } // for
2427 xxx = false;
2428 delete $1;
2429 delete $2;
2430 $$ = $6;
2431 }
2432 ;
2433
2434external_function_definition:
2435 function_definition
2436 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2437 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2438 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2439 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2440 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2441 | function_declarator compound_statement
2442 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2443 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2444 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2445 ;
2446
2447with_clause_opt:
2448 // empty
2449 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2450 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2451 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2452 ;
2453
2454function_definition:
2455 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2456 {
2457 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2458 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2459 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2460 $$ = $1;
2461 }
2462 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2463 {
2464 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2465 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2466 }
2467 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2468 {
2469 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2470 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2471 }
2472 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2473 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2474 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2475 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2476 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2477 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2478 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2479 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2480 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2481
2482 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2483 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2484 {
2485 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2486 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2487 }
2488 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2489 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2490 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2491 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2492 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2493 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2494 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2495 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2496 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2497 ;
2498
2499declarator:
2500 variable_declarator
2501 | variable_type_redeclarator
2502 | function_declarator
2503 ;
2504
2505subrange:
2506 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2507 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2508 ;
2509
2510asm_name_opt: // GCC
2511 // empty
2512 { $$ = nullptr; }
2513 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2514 {
2515 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2516 name->asmName = $3;
2517 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2518 }
2519 ;
2520
2521attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2522 // empty
2523 { $$ = nullptr; }
2524 | attribute_list
2525 ;
2526
2527attribute_list: // GCC
2528 attribute
2529 | attribute_list attribute
2530 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2531 ;
2532
2533attribute: // GCC
2534 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2535 { $$ = $4; }
2536 ;
2537
2538attribute_name_list: // GCC
2539 attribute_name
2540 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2541 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2542 ;
2543
2544attribute_name: // GCC
2545 // empty
2546 { $$ = nullptr; }
2547 | attr_name
2548 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2549 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2550 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2551 ;
2552
2553attr_name: // GCC
2554 IDENTIFIER
2555 | quasi_keyword
2556 | TYPEDEFname
2557 | TYPEGENname
2558 | FALLTHROUGH
2559 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2560 | CONST
2561 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2562 ;
2563
2564// ============================================================================
2565// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2566// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2567// in:
2568//
2569// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2570// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2571//
2572// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2573// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2574// ============================================================================
2575
2576// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2577// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2578// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2579//
2580// valid declaration invalid definition
2581// ----------------- ------------------
2582// int f; int f {}
2583// int *f; int *f {}
2584// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2585// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2586//
2587// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2588// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2589// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2590
2591// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2592// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2593
2594variable_declarator:
2595 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2596 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2597 | variable_ptr
2598 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2599 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2600 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2601 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2602 ;
2603
2604paren_identifier:
2605 identifier
2606 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2607 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2608 { $$ = $2; }
2609 ;
2610
2611variable_ptr:
2612 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2613 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2614 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2615 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2616 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2617 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2618 ;
2619
2620variable_array:
2621 paren_identifier array_dimension
2622 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2623 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2624 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2625 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2626 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2627 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2628 { $$ = $2; }
2629 ;
2630
2631variable_function:
2632 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2633 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2634 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2635 { $$ = $2; }
2636 ;
2637
2638// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2639// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2640// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2641
2642function_declarator:
2643 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2644 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2645 | function_ptr
2646 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2647 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2648 ;
2649
2650function_no_ptr:
2651 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2652 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2653 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2654 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2655 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2656 { $$ = $2; }
2657 ;
2658
2659function_ptr:
2660 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2661 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2662 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2663 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2664 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2665 { $$ = $2; }
2666 ;
2667
2668function_array:
2669 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2670 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2671 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2672 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2673 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2674 { $$ = $2; }
2675 ;
2676
2677// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2678//
2679// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2680//
2681// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2682// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2683
2684KR_function_declarator:
2685 KR_function_no_ptr
2686 | KR_function_ptr
2687 | KR_function_array
2688 ;
2689
2690KR_function_no_ptr:
2691 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2692 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2693 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2694 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2695 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2696 { $$ = $2; }
2697 ;
2698
2699KR_function_ptr:
2700 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2701 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2702 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2703 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2704 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2705 { $$ = $2; }
2706 ;
2707
2708KR_function_array:
2709 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2710 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2711 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2712 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2713 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2714 { $$ = $2; }
2715 ;
2716
2717// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2718//
2719// typedef int foo;
2720// {
2721// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2722// }
2723//
2724// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2725// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2726
2727variable_type_redeclarator:
2728 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2729 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2730 | type_ptr
2731 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2732 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2733 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2734 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2735 ;
2736
2737paren_type:
2738 typedef
2739 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2740 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" ); }
2741 | '(' paren_type ')'
2742 { $$ = $2; }
2743 ;
2744
2745type_ptr:
2746 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2747 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2748 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2749 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2750 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2751 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2752 ;
2753
2754type_array:
2755 paren_type array_dimension
2756 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2757 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2758 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2759 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2760 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2761 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2762 { $$ = $2; }
2763 ;
2764
2765type_function:
2766 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2767 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2768 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2769 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2770 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2771 { $$ = $2; }
2772 ;
2773
2774// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2775// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2776// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2777// pointers to arrays and functions.
2778
2779identifier_parameter_declarator:
2780 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2781 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2782 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2783 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2784 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2785 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2786 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2787 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2788 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2789 ;
2790
2791identifier_parameter_ptr:
2792 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2793 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2794 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2795 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2796 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2797 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2798 ;
2799
2800identifier_parameter_array:
2801 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2802 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2803 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2804 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2805 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2806 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2807 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2808 { $$ = $2; }
2809 ;
2810
2811identifier_parameter_function:
2812 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2813 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2814 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2815 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2816 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2817 { $$ = $2; }
2818 ;
2819
2820// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2821// e.g.:
2822//
2823// typedef int foo;
2824// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2825// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2826//
2827// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2828
2829type_parameter_redeclarator:
2830 typedef attribute_list_opt
2831 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2832 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2833 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2834 | type_parameter_ptr
2835 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2836 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2837 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2838 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2839 ;
2840
2841typedef:
2842 TYPEDEFname
2843 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2844 | TYPEGENname
2845 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2846 ;
2847
2848type_parameter_ptr:
2849 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2850 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2851 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2852 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2853 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2854 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2855 ;
2856
2857type_parameter_array:
2858 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2859 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2860 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2861 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2862 ;
2863
2864type_parameter_function:
2865 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2866 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2867 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2868 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2869 ;
2870
2871// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2872// which the type applies, e.g.:
2873//
2874// sizeof( int );
2875// sizeof( int * );
2876// sizeof( int [10] );
2877// sizeof( int (*)() );
2878// sizeof( int () );
2879//
2880// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2881// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2882
2883abstract_declarator:
2884 abstract_ptr
2885 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2886 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2887 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2888 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2889 ;
2890
2891abstract_ptr:
2892 ptrref_operator
2893 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2894 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2895 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2896 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2897 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2898 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2899 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2900 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2901 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2902 ;
2903
2904abstract_array:
2905 array_dimension
2906 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2907 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2908 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2909 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2910 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2911 { $$ = $2; }
2912 ;
2913
2914abstract_function:
2915 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2916 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2917 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2918 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2919 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2920 { $$ = $2; }
2921 ;
2922
2923array_dimension:
2924 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2925 '[' ']'
2926 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2927 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2928 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2929 | multi_array_dimension
2930 ;
2931
2932multi_array_dimension:
2933 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2934 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2935 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2936 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2937 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2938 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2939 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2940 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2941 ;
2942
2943// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2944// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2945//
2946// int f( int ); // not handled here
2947// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2948// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2949// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2950//
2951// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2952// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2953// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2954//
2955// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2956// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2957// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2958//
2959// For example:
2960//
2961// typedef float T;
2962// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2963// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2964// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2965// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2966//
2967// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2968// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2969// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2970// functions.
2971
2972abstract_parameter_declarator:
2973 abstract_parameter_ptr
2974 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2975 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2976 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2977 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2978 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2979 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2980 ;
2981
2982abstract_parameter_ptr:
2983 ptrref_operator
2984 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
2985 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2986 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2987 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
2988 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
2989 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
2990 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2991 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2992 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2993 ;
2994
2995abstract_parameter_array:
2996 array_parameter_dimension
2997 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2998 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2999 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3000 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3001 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3002 { $$ = $2; }
3003 ;
3004
3005abstract_parameter_function:
3006 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3007 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3008 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3009 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3010 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3011 { $$ = $2; }
3012 ;
3013
3014array_parameter_dimension:
3015 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3016 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3017 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3018 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3019 | multi_array_dimension
3020 ;
3021
3022// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3023//
3024// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3025// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3026
3027array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3028 '[' ']'
3029 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3030 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3031 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3032 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3033 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3034 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3035 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3036 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3037 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3038 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3039 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3040 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3041 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3042 ;
3043
3044// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3045//
3046// struct S {
3047// int;
3048// int *;
3049// int [10];
3050// int (*)();
3051// };
3052
3053variable_abstract_declarator:
3054 variable_abstract_ptr
3055 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3056 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3057 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3058 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3059 ;
3060
3061variable_abstract_ptr:
3062 ptrref_operator
3063 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3064 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3065 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3066 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3067 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3068 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3069 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3070 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3071 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3072 ;
3073
3074variable_abstract_array:
3075 array_dimension
3076 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3077 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3078 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3079 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3080 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3081 { $$ = $2; }
3082 ;
3083
3084variable_abstract_function:
3085 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3086 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3087 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3088 { $$ = $2; }
3089 ;
3090
3091// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3092// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3093
3094cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3095 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3096 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3097 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3098 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3099 ;
3100
3101cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3102 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3103 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3104 ;
3105
3106cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3107 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3108 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3109 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3110 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3111 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3112 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3113 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3114 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3115 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3116 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3117 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3118 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3119 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3120 ;
3121
3122cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3123 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3124 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3125 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3126 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3127 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3128 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3129 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3130 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3131 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3132 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3133 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3134 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3135
3136 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3137 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3138 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3139 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3140 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3141 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3142 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3143 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3144 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3145 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3146 ;
3147
3148cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3149 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3150 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3151 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3152 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3153 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3154 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3155 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3156 // appear in this context.
3157 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3158 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3159 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3160 ;
3161
3162// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3163// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3164//
3165// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3166// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3167//
3168// These rules need LR(3):
3169//
3170// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3171// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3172//
3173// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3174//
3175// [int, int] t;
3176// [int, int] f( int );
3177//
3178// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3179// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3180// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3181// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3182
3183cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3184 cfa_abstract_tuple
3185 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3186 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3187 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3188 ;
3189
3190cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3191 cfa_abstract_ptr
3192 | cfa_abstract_array
3193 ;
3194
3195cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3196 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3197 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3198 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3199 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3200 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3201 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3202 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3203 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3204 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3205 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3206 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3207 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3208 ;
3209
3210cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3211 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3212 // empty (void) function return type.
3213 '[' ']' type_specifier
3214 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3215 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3216 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3217 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3218 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3219 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3220 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3221 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3222 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3223 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3224 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3225 ;
3226
3227cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3228 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3229 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3230 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3231 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3232 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3233 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3234 ;
3235
3236cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3237// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3238// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3239 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3240 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3241 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3242 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3243 ;
3244
3245// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3246// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3247//
3248// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3249// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3250//
3251// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3252// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3253//
3254// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3255// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3256
3257//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3258
3259comma_opt: // redundant comma
3260 // empty
3261 | ','
3262 ;
3263
3264default_initialize_opt:
3265 // empty
3266 { $$ = nullptr; }
3267 | '=' assignment_expression
3268 { $$ = $2; }
3269 ;
3270
3271%%
3272
3273// ----end of grammar----
3274
3275// Local Variables: //
3276// mode: c++ //
3277// tab-width: 4 //
3278// compile-command: "make install" //
3279// End: //
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