source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ e48aca8

Last change on this file since e48aca8 was 3e91c6f9, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 7 months ago

fix pull conflicit
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 184.5 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Thu Mar 13 09:23:21 2025
13// Update Count : 7255
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed. Most of the syntactic extensions from
27// ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11".
28
29// This grammar also has two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions. All of the
30// syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall (CFA), which
31// fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the syntactic
32// extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA".
33
34%{
35#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT( yylval ) // lexer loads this up each time
36#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
37#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
38
39#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
40
41#include <cstdio>
42#include <sstream>
43#include <stack>
44using namespace std;
45
46#include "DeclarationNode.hpp" // for DeclarationNode, ...
47#include "ExpressionNode.hpp" // for ExpressionNode, ...
48#include "InitializerNode.hpp" // for InitializerNode, ...
49#include "ParserTypes.hpp"
50#include "StatementNode.hpp" // for build_...
51#include "TypedefTable.hpp"
52#include "TypeData.hpp"
53#include "AST/Type.hpp" // for BasicType, BasicKind
54#include "Common/SemanticError.hpp" // error_str
55#include "Common/Utility.hpp" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
56#include "AST/Attribute.hpp" // for Attribute
57#include "AST/Print.hpp" // for print
58#include "Common/Iterate.hpp" // for reverseIterate
59
60// lex uses __null in a boolean context, it's fine.
61#ifdef __clang__
62#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wparentheses-equality"
63#endif
64
65extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
66extern ast::Linkage::Spec linkage;
67extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
68
69stack<ast::Linkage::Spec> linkageStack;
70
71bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
72 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
73 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
74 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
75 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
76 //
77 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
78 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
79 // e.g., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
80
81 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
82 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
83 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
84 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
85 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
86 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } // if
89 } else {
90 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
91 to = "u8" + to;
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } else {
94 to = from[0] + to;
95 } // if
96 } // if
97 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
98 } // if
99 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
100 return true;
101} // appendStr
102
103DeclarationNode * distTypeSpec( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
104 // Distribute type specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
105 assert( declList );
106
107 // Do not distribute attributes for aggregates because the attributes surrounding the aggregate belong it not the
108 // variables in the declaration list, e.g.,
109 //
110 // struct __attribute__(( aligned(128) )) S { ...
111 // } v1 __attribute__(( aligned(64) )), v2 __attribute__(( aligned(32) )), v3;
112 // struct S v4;
113 //
114 // v1 => 64, v2 =>32, v3 => 128, v2 => 128
115 //
116 // Anonymous aggregates are a special case because there is no aggregate to bind the attribute to; hence it floats
117 // to the declaration list.
118 //
119 // struct __attribute__(( aligned(128) )) /*anonymous */ { ... } v1;
120 //
121 // v1 => 128
122
123 bool copyattr = ! (typeSpec->type && typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate && ! typeSpec->type->aggregate.anon );
124
125 // addType copies the type information for the aggregate instances from typeSpec into cl's aggInst.aggregate.
126 DeclarationNode * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( typeSpec ); // typeSpec IS DELETED!!!
127
128 // Start at second variable in declaration list and clone the type specifiers for each variable.
129 for ( DeclarationNode * cur = declList->next ; cur != nullptr; cur = cur->next ) {
130 cl->cloneBaseType( cur, copyattr ); // cur is modified
131 } // for
132
133 // Add first variable in declaration list with hidden type information in aggInst.aggregate, which is used by
134 // extractType to recover the type for the aggregate instances.
135 declList->addType( cl, copyattr ); // cl IS DELETED!!!
136 return declList;
137} // distTypeSpec
138
139void distAttr( DeclarationNode * attributes, DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
140 // distribute attributes across all declaring list
141 for ( DeclarationNode * attr = attributes; attr != nullptr ; attr = attr->next ) {
142 for ( DeclarationNode * decl = declaration ; decl != nullptr ; decl = decl->next ) {
143 decl->attributes.insert( decl->attributes.begin(), attr->attributes.begin(), attr->attributes.end() );
144 } // for
145 } // for
146} // distAttr
147
148void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
149 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
150 for ( DeclarationNode * decl = declaration ; decl != nullptr ; decl = decl->next ) {
151 decl->set_extension( true );
152 } // for
153} // distExt
154
155void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
156 // distribute INLINE across all declarations
157 for ( DeclarationNode *decl = declaration ; decl != nullptr ; decl = decl->next ) {
158 decl->set_inLine( true );
159 } // for
160} // distInl
161
162void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
163 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
164 for ( DeclarationNode * decl = declaration ; decl != nullptr ; decl = decl->next ) {
165 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
166 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
167 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
168 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
169 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
170 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
171 if ( decl->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
172 swap( clone->type->forall, decl->type->aggregate.params );
173 decl->addQualifiers( clone );
174 } else if ( decl->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && decl->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
175 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
176 DeclarationNode newnode;
177 swap( newnode.type, decl->type->aggInst.aggregate );
178 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
179 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
180 swap( newnode.type, decl->type->aggInst.aggregate );
181 } else if ( decl->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
182 swap( clone->type->forall, decl->type->forall );
183 decl->addQualifiers( clone );
184 } // if
185 } else { // just SC qualifiers
186 decl->addQualifiers( clone );
187 } // if
188 } // for
189 delete qualifiers;
190} // distQual
191
192// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
193// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
194// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
195// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
196// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
197// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
198// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
199
200void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
201 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
202 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
203 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
204 } // if
205} // rebindForall
206
207string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
208 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
209 return name;
210} // build_postfix_name
211
212DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
213 if ( fieldList == nullptr ) {
214 if ( !( typeSpec->type && typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) ) { // int; no fieldList
215 // printf( "fieldDecl1 typeSpec %p\n", typeSpec ); typeSpec->type->print( std::cout );
216 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl );
217 return nullptr;
218 } // if
219 // printf( "fieldDecl2 typeSpec %p\n", typeSpec ); typeSpec->type->print( std::cout );
220 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr ); // struct S { ... } no fieldList
221 } // if
222
223 // printf( "fieldDecl3 typeSpec %p\n", typeSpec ); typeSpec->print( std::cout, 0 );
224 DeclarationNode * temp = distTypeSpec( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
225 // printf( "fieldDecl4 temp %p\n", temp ); temp->print( std::cout, 0 );
226 return temp;
227} // fieldDecl
228
229#define NEW_ZERO new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *new string( "0" ) ) )
230#define NEW_ONE new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *new string( "1" ) ) )
231#define UPDOWN( compop, left, right ) (compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? left : right)
232#define MISSING_ANON_FIELD "illegal syntax, missing loop fields with an anonymous loop index is meaningless as loop index is unavailable in loop body."
233#define MISSING_LOW "illegal syntax, missing low value for ascanding range so index is uninitialized."
234#define MISSING_HIGH "illegal syntax, missing high value for descending range so index is uninitialized."
235
236static ForCtrl * makeForCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, DeclarationNode * init, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
237 // Wrap both comp/inc if they are non-null.
238 if ( comp ) comp = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( location,
239 compop,
240 new ExpressionNode( build_varref( location, new string( *init->name ) ) ),
241 comp ) );
242 if ( inc ) inc = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( location,
243 // choose += or -= for upto/downto
244 compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn,
245 new ExpressionNode( build_varref( location, new string( *init->name ) ) ),
246 inc ) );
247 // The StatementNode call frees init->name, it must happen later.
248 return new ForCtrl( new StatementNode( init ), comp, inc );
249}
250
251ForCtrl * forCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, DeclarationNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
252 if ( index->initializer ) {
253 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, direct initialization disallowed. Use instead: type var; initialization ~ comparison ~ increment." );
254 } // if
255 if ( index->next ) {
256 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, multiple loop indexes disallowed in for-loop declaration." );
257 } // if
258 DeclarationNode * initDecl = index->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) );
259 return makeForCtrl( location, initDecl, compop, comp, inc );
260} // forCtrl
261
262ForCtrl * forCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
263 ast::ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ast::ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
264 if ( constant && (constant->rep == "0" || constant->rep == "1") ) {
265 type = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CastExpr( location, maybeMoveBuild(type), new ast::BasicType( ast::BasicKind::SignedInt ) ) );
266 } // if
267 DeclarationNode * initDecl = distTypeSpec(
268 DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ),
269 DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) )
270 );
271 return makeForCtrl( location, initDecl, compop, comp, inc );
272} // forCtrl
273
274#define MISSING_LOOP_INDEX "illegal syntax, only a single identifier or declaration allowed in initialization, e.g., for ( i; ... ) or for ( int i; ... ). Expression disallowed."
275
276ForCtrl * forCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
277 if ( auto identifier = dynamic_cast<ast::NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
278 return forCtrl( location, type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
279 } else {
280 SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOOP_INDEX ); return nullptr;
281 } // if
282} // forCtrl
283
284ForCtrl * enumRangeCtrl( ExpressionNode * index_expr, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * range_over_expr, DeclarationNode * type ) {
285 assert( compop == OperKinds::LEThan || compop == OperKinds::GEThan );
286 if ( auto identifier = dynamic_cast<ast::NameExpr *>(index_expr->expr.get()) ) {
287 DeclarationNode * indexDecl =
288 DeclarationNode::newName( new std::string(identifier->name) )->addType( type );
289 return new ForCtrl( new StatementNode( indexDecl ), range_over_expr, compop );
290 } else {
291 SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOOP_INDEX ); return nullptr;
292 } // if
293} // enumRangeCtrl
294
295static void IdentifierBeforeIdentifier( string & identifier1, string & identifier2, const char * kind ) {
296 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, adjacent identifiers \"%s\" and \"%s\" are not meaningful in an %s.\n"
297 "Possible cause is misspelled type name or missing generic parameter.",
298 identifier1.c_str(), identifier2.c_str(), kind );
299} // IdentifierBeforeIdentifier
300
301static void IdentifierBeforeType( string & identifier, const char * kind ) {
302 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, identifier \"%s\" cannot appear before a %s.\n"
303 "Possible cause is misspelled storage/CV qualifier, misspelled typename, or missing generic parameter.",
304 identifier.c_str(), kind );
305} // IdentifierBeforeType
306
307bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
308
309// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
310#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
311if ( N ) { \
312 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
313 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
314 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
315 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
316 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
317} else { \
318 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
319 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
320 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
321}
322%}
323
324%define parse.error verbose
325
326// Types declaration for productions
327
328%union {
329 // A raw token can be used.
330 Token tok;
331
332 // The general node types hold some generic node or list of nodes.
333 DeclarationNode * decl;
334 InitializerNode * init;
335 ExpressionNode * expr;
336 StatementNode * stmt;
337 ClauseNode * clause;
338 TypeData * type;
339
340 // Special "nodes" containing compound information.
341 CondCtrl * ifctrl;
342 ForCtrl * forctrl;
343 LabelNode * labels;
344
345 // Various flags and single values that become fields later.
346 ast::AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
347 ast::TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
348 OperKinds oper;
349 bool is_volatile;
350 EnumHiding enum_hiding;
351 ast::ExceptionKind except_kind;
352 // String passes ownership with it.
353 std::string * str;
354
355 // Narrower node types are used to avoid constant unwrapping.
356 ast::WaitForStmt * wfs;
357 ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode * wucn;
358 ast::GenericExpr * genexpr;
359}
360
361// ************************ TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
362
363// keywords
364%token TYPEDEF
365%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
366%token THREADLOCALGCC THREADLOCALC11 // GCC, C11
367%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
368%token NORETURN // C11
369%token CONST VOLATILE
370%token RESTRICT // C99
371%token ATOMIC // C11
372%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL VTABLE COERCE // CFA
373%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
374%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
375%token INT128 UINT128 FLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
376%token FLOAT16 FLOAT32 FLOAT32X FLOAT64 FLOAT64X FLOAT128 FLOAT128X // GCC
377%token FLOAT32X4 FLOAT64X2 SVFLOAT32 SVFLOAT64 SVBOOL // GCC (ARM)
378%token DECIMAL32 DECIMAL64 DECIMAL128 // GCC
379%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
380%token SIZEOF TYPEOF VA_LIST VA_ARG AUTO_TYPE COUNTOF // GCC
381%token OFFSETOF BASETYPEOF TYPEID // CFA
382%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
383%token EXCEPTION // CFA
384%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
385%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
386// %token RESUME // CFA
387%token LABEL // GCC
388%token SUSPEND // CFA
389%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
390%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
391%token CHOOSE FALLTHROUGH WITH WHEN WAITFOR WAITUNTIL // CFA
392%token CORUN COFOR
393%token DISABLE ENABLE TRY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
394%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
395%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
396
397// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
398%token<tok> IDENTIFIER TYPEDIMname TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
399%token<tok> TIMEOUT WAND WOR CATCH RECOVER CATCHRESUME FIXUP FINALLY // CFA
400%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
401%token<tok> DIRECTIVE C23_ATTRIBUTE
402// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
403// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
404// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
405%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
406
407// multi-character operators
408%token ARROW // ->
409%token ICR DECR // ++ --
410%token LS RS // << >>
411%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
412%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
413%token ATTR ELLIPSIS // @@ ...
414
415%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
416%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
417%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
418%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
419
420%token ErangeUp ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // +~ +~=/~= -~ -~=
421%token ATassign // @=
422
423%type<tok> identifier identifier_at identifier_or_type_name attr_name
424%type<tok> quasi_keyword
425%type<expr> string_literal
426%type<str> string_literal_list
427
428%type<enum_hiding> hide_opt visible_hide_opt
429
430// expressions
431%type<expr> constant
432%type<expr> tuple tuple_expression_list
433%type<oper> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator simple_assignment_operator compound_assignment_operator
434%type<expr> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
435%type<expr> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
436%type<expr> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
437%type<expr> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
438%type<expr> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
439%type<expr> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
440%type<expr> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
441%type<expr> argument_expression_list_opt argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initializer_opt
442%type<ifctrl> conditional_declaration
443%type<forctrl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
444%type<oper> upupeq updown updowneq downupdowneq
445%type<expr> subrange
446%type<decl> asm_name_opt
447%type<expr> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
448%type<labels> asm_label_list
449%type<expr> asm_clobbers_list_opt
450%type<is_volatile> asm_volatile_opt
451%type<expr> handler_predicate_opt
452%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
453
454// statements
455%type<stmt> statement labelled_statement compound_statement
456%type<stmt> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
457%type<stmt> selection_statement
458%type<clause> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
459%type<expr> case_value
460%type<clause> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
461%type<stmt> iteration_statement jump_statement
462%type<stmt> expression_statement asm_statement
463%type<stmt> with_statement
464%type<expr> with_clause_opt
465%type<stmt> corun_statement cofor_statement
466%type<stmt> exception_statement
467%type<clause> handler_clause finally_clause
468%type<except_kind> handler_key
469%type<stmt> mutex_statement
470%type<expr> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor waituntil timeout
471%type<stmt> waitfor_statement waituntil_statement
472%type<wfs> wor_waitfor_clause
473%type<wucn> waituntil_clause wand_waituntil_clause wor_waituntil_clause
474
475// declarations
476%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
477%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator_opt abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array
478 abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension abstract_parameter_declaration
479
480%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
481%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
482
483%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
484
485%type<expr> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
486
487%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
488%type<type> basic_type_name_type
489%type<type> vtable vtable_opt default_opt
490
491%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
492
493%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
494%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
495
496%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
497
498%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody enum_key enumerator_type
499%type<init> enumerator_value_opt
500
501%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
502
503%type<decl> exception_declaration
504
505%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
506%type<expr> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
507
508%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
509
510%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
511%type<decl> identifier_list
512
513%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
514%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
515%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
516
517%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
518
519%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
520%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
521
522%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
523%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
524
525%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt
526
527%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
528
529%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
530%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
531%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
532
533%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_list_ellipsis_opt
534
535%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
536
537%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
538
539%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
540
541%type<tclass> type_class new_type_class
542%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
543
544%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier
545%type<type> type_name typegen_name
546%type<decl> typedef_name typedef_declaration typedef_expression
547
548%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator variable_type_ptr variable_type_array variable_type_function
549%type<decl> general_function_declarator function_type_redeclarator function_type_array function_type_no_ptr function_type_ptr
550
551%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
552
553%type<decl> type type_no_function
554%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
555
556%type<expr> type_parameters_opt type_list array_type_list // array_dimension_list
557
558%type<decl> type_qualifier forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
559%type<type> type_qualifier_name
560%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
561
562%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
563%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
564
565%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute attribute_name_list attribute_name
566
567// initializers
568%type<init> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
569
570// designators
571%type<expr> designator designator_list designation
572
573
574// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
575// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
576// if ( C ) S1 else S2
577// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
578// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
579
580// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WAND/WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WAND/WOR
581// is left associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
582%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
583%precedence ANDAND // token precedence for start of WAND in WAITFOR statement
584%precedence WAND // token precedence for start of WAND in WAITFOR statement
585%precedence OROR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
586%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
587%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
588%precedence CATCH // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
589%precedence RECOVER // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
590%precedence CATCHRESUME // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
591%precedence FIXUP // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
592%precedence FINALLY // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
593%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
594
595
596// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
597// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
598// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
599// Foo ( *fp )( int );
600// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
601// must be:
602// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
603// The same problem occurs here:
604// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
605// must be:
606// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
607
608// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
609%precedence TYPEGENname
610%precedence '}'
611%precedence '('
612
613// %precedence RESUME
614// %precedence '{'
615// %precedence ')'
616
617%locations // support location tracking for error messages
618
619%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
620
621%%
622// ************************ Namespace Management ********************************
623
624// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
625// which are lexically identical.
626//
627// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
628// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
629//
630// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
631// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
632// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
633// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
634// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
635//
636// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
637// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
638// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
639// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
640// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
641// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
642// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
643//
644// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
645// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
646// around the list separator.
647//
648// XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
649// push pop push pop
650
651push:
652 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
653 ;
654
655pop:
656 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
657 ;
658
659// ************************ CONSTANTS ********************************
660
661constant:
662 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
663 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
664 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
665 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
666 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
667 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
668 ;
669
670quasi_keyword: // CFA
671 TIMEOUT
672 | WAND
673 | WOR
674 | CATCH
675 | RECOVER
676 | CATCHRESUME
677 | FIXUP
678 | FINALLY
679 ;
680
681identifier:
682 IDENTIFIER
683 | quasi_keyword
684 ;
685
686identifier_at:
687 identifier
688 | '@' // CFA
689 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
690 ;
691
692identifier_or_type_name:
693 identifier
694 | TYPEDEFname
695 | TYPEGENname
696 ;
697
698string_literal:
699 string_literal_list { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantStr( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
700 ;
701
702string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
703 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
704 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
705 {
706 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
707 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
708 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
709 }
710 ;
711
712// ************************ EXPRESSIONS ********************************
713
714primary_expression:
715 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
716 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
717 | quasi_keyword
718 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
719 | TYPEDIMname // CFA, generic length argument
720 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_dimensionref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
721 | tuple
722 | '(' comma_expression ')'
723 { $$ = $2; }
724 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
725 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::StmtExpr( yylloc, dynamic_cast<ast::CompoundStmt *>( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) ); }
726 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
727 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_qualified_expr( yylloc, DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ), build_varref( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
728 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
729 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
730 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
731 {
732 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
733 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild( $3 );
734 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
735 }
736 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
737 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
738 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
739 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
740 | IDENTIFIER IDENTIFIER // invalid syntax rule
741 { IdentifierBeforeIdentifier( *$1.str, *$2.str, "expression" ); $$ = nullptr; }
742 | IDENTIFIER type_qualifier // invalid syntax rule
743 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type qualifier" ); $$ = nullptr; }
744 | IDENTIFIER storage_class // invalid syntax rule
745 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "storage class" ); $$ = nullptr; }
746 | IDENTIFIER basic_type_name // invalid syntax rule
747 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
748 | IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname // invalid syntax rule
749 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
750 | IDENTIFIER TYPEGENname // invalid syntax rule
751 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
752 ;
753
754generic_assoc_list: // C11
755 generic_association
756 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
757 {
758 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
759 assert( 1 == $3->associations.size() );
760 $1->associations.push_back( $3->associations.front() );
761 delete $3;
762 $$ = $1;
763 }
764 ;
765
766generic_association: // C11
767 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
768 {
769 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
770 $$ = new ast::GenericExpr( yylloc, nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) } } );
771 }
772 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
773 { $$ = new ast::GenericExpr( yylloc, nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) } } ); }
774 ;
775
776postfix_expression:
777 primary_expression
778 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
779 // Historic, transitional: Disallow commas in subscripts.
780 // Switching to this behaviour may help check if a C compatibilty case uses comma-exprs in subscripts.
781 // Current: Commas in subscripts make tuples.
782 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, $3->set_last( $5 ) ) ) ) ); }
783 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
784 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
785 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
786 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
787 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
788 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
789 | constant '[' assignment_expression ']' // 3[a], 'a'[a], 3.5[a]
790 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
791 | string_literal '[' assignment_expression ']' // "abc"[3], 3["abc"]
792 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
793 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, constructor call
794 {
795 Token fn;
796 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
797 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::ConstructorExpr( yylloc, build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, fn ) ), $1->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
798 }
799 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
800 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, $1, $3 ) ); }
801 | VA_ARG '(' primary_expression ',' declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator_opt ')'
802 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_va_arg( yylloc, $3, ( $6 ? $6->addType( $5 ) : $5 ) ) ); }
803 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
804 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
805 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
806 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
807 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
808 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
809
810 // SKULLDUGGERY: The typedef table used for parsing does not store fields in structures. To parse a qualified
811 // name, it is assumed all name-tokens after the first are identifiers, regardless of how the lexer identifies
812 // them. For example:
813 //
814 // struct S;
815 // forall(T) struct T;
816 // union U;
817 // enum E { S, T, E };
818 // struct Z { int S, T, Z, E, U; };
819 // void fred () {
820 // Z z;
821 // z.S; // lexer returns S is TYPEDEFname
822 // z.T; // lexer returns T is TYPEGENname
823 // z.Z; // lexer returns Z is TYPEDEFname
824 // z.U; // lexer returns U is TYPEDEFname
825 // z.E; // lexer returns E is TYPEDEFname
826 // }
827 | postfix_expression '.' identifier_or_type_name
828 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_varref( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
829
830 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
831 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$3 ) ) ); }
832 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
833 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( yylloc, *$2 ) ) ); }
834 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
835 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
836 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
837 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( yylloc, $3, $1 ) ); }
838 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
839 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_varref( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
840 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
841 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$3 ) ) ); }
842 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
843 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
844 | postfix_expression ICR
845 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
846 | postfix_expression DECR
847 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
848 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
849 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( yylloc, $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
850 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
851 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( yylloc, $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
852 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, destructor call
853 {
854 Token fn;
855 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
856 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, fn ) ), $2->set_last( $4 ) ) );
857 }
858 ;
859
860field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
861 field
862 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
863 ;
864
865field: // CFA, tuple field selector
866 field_name
867 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
868 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( yylloc, *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ); }
869 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
870 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( yylloc, *$1 ) ), build_tuple( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
871 | field_name '.' field
872 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
873 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
874 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
875 | field_name ARROW field
876 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
877 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
878 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
879 ;
880
881field_name:
882 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
883 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( yylloc, build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
884 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
885 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( yylloc, build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( yylloc, *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
886 | identifier_at fraction_constants_opt // CFA, allow anonymous fields
887 {
888 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( yylloc, build_varref( yylloc, $1 ), $2 ) );
889 }
890 ;
891
892fraction_constants_opt:
893 // empty
894 { $$ = nullptr; }
895 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
896 {
897 ast::Expr * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( yylloc, *$2 );
898 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
899 }
900 ;
901
902unary_expression:
903 postfix_expression
904 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
905 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
906 | constant
907 | string_literal
908 { $$ = $1; }
909 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
910 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
911 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
912 // { * X; } // dereference X
913 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
914 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
915 {
916 switch ( $1 ) {
917 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
918 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) );
919 break;
920 case OperKinds::PointTo:
921 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, $1, $2 ) );
922 break;
923 case OperKinds::And:
924 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AddressExpr( new ast::AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) );
925 break;
926 default:
927 assert( false );
928 }
929 }
930 | unary_operator cast_expression
931 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, $1, $2 ) ); }
932 | ICR unary_expression
933 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
934 | DECR unary_expression
935 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
936 | SIZEOF unary_expression
937 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, new ast::TypeofType( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) ); }
938 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
939 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
940 | SIZEOF '(' attribute_list type_no_function ')'
941 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ) ) ); }
942 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
943 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AlignofExpr( yylloc, new ast::TypeofType( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) ); }
944 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
945 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AlignofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
946
947 // Cannot use rule "type", which includes cfa_abstract_function, for sizeof/alignof, because of S/R problems on
948 // look ahead, so the cfa_abstract_function is factored out.
949 | SIZEOF '(' cfa_abstract_function ')'
950 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
951 | ALIGNOF '(' cfa_abstract_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
952 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AlignofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
953
954 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
955 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( yylloc, $3, build_varref( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
956 | TYPEID '(' type ')'
957 {
958 SemanticError( yylloc, "typeid name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
959 // $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) );
960 }
961 | COUNTOF unary_expression
962 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CountofExpr( yylloc, new ast::TypeofType( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) ); }
963 | COUNTOF '(' type_no_function ')'
964 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CountofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
965 ;
966
967ptrref_operator:
968 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
969 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
970 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
971 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
972 ;
973
974unary_operator:
975 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
976 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
977 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
978 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
979 ;
980
981cast_expression:
982 unary_expression
983 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
984 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( yylloc, $2, $4 ) ); }
985 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
986 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( yylloc, $2, $5 ) ); }
987 | '(' aggregate_control '*' ')' cast_expression // CFA
988 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( yylloc, $2, $5 ) ); }
989 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
990 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::VirtualCastExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $4 ), nullptr ) ); }
991 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
992 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::VirtualCastExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
993 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA (ASCRIPTION)
994 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( yylloc, $3, $5, ast::ReturnCast ) ); }
995 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA (COERCION)
996 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
997 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA, (modify CVs of cast_expression)
998 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
999// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
1000// { $$ = new ast::ExpressionNode( build_cast( yylloc, $2, $4 ) ); }
1001 ;
1002
1003qualifier_cast_list:
1004 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
1005 | cast_modifier MUTEX
1006 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
1007 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
1008 ;
1009
1010cast_modifier:
1011 '-'
1012 | '+'
1013 ;
1014
1015exponential_expression:
1016 cast_expression
1017 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
1018 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
1019 ;
1020
1021multiplicative_expression:
1022 exponential_expression
1023 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
1024 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
1025 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
1026 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
1027 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
1028 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
1029 ;
1030
1031additive_expression:
1032 multiplicative_expression
1033 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
1034 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
1035 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
1036 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
1037 ;
1038
1039shift_expression:
1040 additive_expression
1041 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
1042 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
1043 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
1044 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
1045 ;
1046
1047relational_expression:
1048 shift_expression
1049 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
1050 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1051 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
1052 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1053 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
1054 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1055 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
1056 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1057 ;
1058
1059equality_expression:
1060 relational_expression
1061 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
1062 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
1063 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
1064 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
1065 ;
1066
1067AND_expression:
1068 equality_expression
1069 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
1070 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
1071 ;
1072
1073exclusive_OR_expression:
1074 AND_expression
1075 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
1076 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
1077 ;
1078
1079inclusive_OR_expression:
1080 exclusive_OR_expression
1081 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
1082 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
1083 ;
1084
1085logical_AND_expression:
1086 inclusive_OR_expression
1087 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
1088 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( yylloc, $1, $3, ast::AndExpr ) ); }
1089 ;
1090
1091logical_OR_expression:
1092 logical_AND_expression
1093 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
1094 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( yylloc, $1, $3, ast::OrExpr ) ); }
1095 ;
1096
1097conditional_expression:
1098 logical_OR_expression
1099 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
1100 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( yylloc, $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
1101 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
1102 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( yylloc, $1, nullptr, $4 ) ); }
1103 ;
1104
1105constant_expression:
1106 conditional_expression
1107 ;
1108
1109argument_expression_list_opt:
1110 // empty
1111 { $$ = nullptr; }
1112 | argument_expression_list
1113 ;
1114
1115argument_expression_list:
1116 argument_expression
1117 // | argument_expression_list_opt ',' argument_expression // CFA, allow empty argument
1118 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression // no empty argument
1119 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1120 ;
1121
1122argument_expression:
1123 '?' // CFA, default parameter
1124 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Argument to default parameter is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1125 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
1126 | '?' identifier '=' assignment_expression // CFA, keyword argument
1127 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "keyword argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1128 { $$ = $4; }
1129 | assignment_expression
1130 ;
1131
1132assignment_expression:
1133 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
1134 conditional_expression
1135 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
1136 {
1137// if ( $2 == OperKinds::AtAssn ) {
1138// SemanticError( yylloc, "C @= assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1139// } else {
1140 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, $2, $1, $3 ) );
1141// } // if
1142 }
1143 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1144 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1145 ;
1146
1147assignment_expression_opt:
1148 // empty
1149 { $$ = nullptr; }
1150 | assignment_expression
1151 ;
1152
1153assignment_operator:
1154 simple_assignment_operator
1155 | compound_assignment_operator
1156 ;
1157
1158simple_assignment_operator:
1159 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
1160 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; } // CFA
1161 ;
1162
1163compound_assignment_operator:
1164 EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
1165 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
1166 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
1167 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
1168 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
1169 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
1170 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
1171 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
1172 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
1173 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
1174 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
1175 ;
1176
1177tuple: // CFA, tuple
1178 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
1179 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
1180 '[' ',' ']'
1181 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, nullptr ) ); }
1182 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Empty tuple is meaningless." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1183 | '[' assignment_expression ',' ']'
1184 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1185 | '[' '@' comma_opt ']'
1186 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1187 | '[' assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list comma_opt ']'
1188 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, $2->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
1189 | '[' '@' ',' tuple_expression_list comma_opt ']'
1190 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1191 ;
1192
1193tuple_expression_list:
1194 assignment_expression
1195 | '@' // CFA
1196 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1197 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression
1198 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1199 | tuple_expression_list ',' '@'
1200 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1201 ;
1202
1203comma_expression:
1204 assignment_expression
1205 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
1206 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CommaExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
1207 ;
1208
1209comma_expression_opt:
1210 // empty
1211 { $$ = nullptr; }
1212 | comma_expression
1213 ;
1214
1215// ************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
1216
1217statement:
1218 labelled_statement
1219 | compound_statement
1220 | expression_statement
1221 | selection_statement
1222 | iteration_statement
1223 | jump_statement
1224 | with_statement
1225 | mutex_statement
1226 | waitfor_statement
1227 | waituntil_statement
1228 | corun_statement
1229 | cofor_statement
1230 | exception_statement
1231 | enable_disable_statement
1232 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1233 | asm_statement
1234 | DIRECTIVE
1235 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1236 ;
1237
1238labelled_statement:
1239 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1240 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1241 { $$ = $4->add_label( yylloc, $1, $3 ); }
1242 | identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt error // invalid syntax rule
1243 {
1244 SemanticError( yylloc, "syntx error, label \"%s\" must be associated with a statement, "
1245 "where a declaration, case, or default is not a statement.\n"
1246 "Move the label or terminate with a semicolon.", $1.str->c_str() );
1247 $$ = nullptr;
1248 }
1249 ;
1250
1251compound_statement:
1252 '{' '}'
1253 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1254 | '{' push
1255 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels appear at start of block
1256 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1257 pop '}'
1258 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ); }
1259 ;
1260
1261statement_decl_list: // C99
1262 statement_decl
1263 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1264 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1265 ;
1266
1267statement_decl:
1268 attribute_list_opt declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1269 { distAttr( $1, $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1270 | attribute_list_opt EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1271 { distAttr( $1, $3 ); distExt( $3 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $3 ); }
1272 | attribute_list_opt function_definition
1273 { distAttr( $1, $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1274 | attribute_list_opt EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1275 { distAttr( $1, $3 ); distExt( $3 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $3 ); }
1276 | attribute_list_opt statement // FIX ME!
1277 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1278 ;
1279
1280statement_list_nodecl:
1281 attribute_list_opt statement
1282 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); } // FIX ME!
1283 | statement_list_nodecl attribute_list_opt statement
1284 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $3->addQualifiers( $2 ) ); $$ = $1; } // FIX ME!
1285 | statement_list_nodecl error // invalid syntax rule
1286 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, declarations only allowed at the start of the switch body,"
1287 " i.e., after the '{'." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1288 ;
1289
1290expression_statement: // expression or null statement
1291 comma_expression_opt ';'
1292 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1293 ;
1294
1295// "if", "switch", and "choose" require parenthesis around the conditional. See the following ambiguities without
1296// parenthesis:
1297//
1298// if x + y + z; => if ( x ) + y + z or if ( x + y ) + z
1299//
1300// switch O { }
1301//
1302// O{} => object-constructor for conditional, switch body ???
1303// O{} => O for conditional followed by switch body
1304//
1305// C++ has this problem, as it has the same constructor syntax.
1306//
1307// switch sizeof ( T ) { }
1308//
1309// sizeof ( T ) => sizeof of T for conditional followed by switch body
1310// sizeof ( T ) => sizeof of compound literal (T){ }, closing parenthesis ???
1311//
1312// Note the two grammar rules for sizeof (alignof)
1313//
1314// | SIZEOF unary_expression
1315// | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
1316//
1317// where the first DOES NOT require parenthesis! And C++ inherits this problem from C.
1318
1319selection_statement:
1320 IF '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement %prec THEN
1321 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1322 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), nullptr ) ); }
1323 | IF '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement ELSE statement
1324 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $7 ) ) ); }
1325 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1326 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1327 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1328 {
1329 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, true, $3, $8 ) );
1330 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1331 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1332 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1333 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1334 // statement.
1335 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, (new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw ) ) ) : sw;
1336 }
1337 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' error '}' // CFA, invalid syntax rule error
1338 { SemanticError( yylloc, "synatx error, declarations can only appear before the list of case clauses." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1339 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1340 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1341 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1342 {
1343 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, false, $3, $8 ) );
1344 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, (new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw ) ) ) : sw;
1345 }
1346 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' error '}' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1347 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, declarations can only appear before the list of case clauses." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1348 ;
1349
1350conditional_declaration:
1351 comma_expression
1352 { $$ = new CondCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1353 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1354 { $$ = new CondCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1355 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1356 { $$ = new CondCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1357 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1358 { $$ = new CondCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1359 ;
1360
1361// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1362// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1363
1364case_value: // CFA
1365 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1366 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1367 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::RangeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
1368 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1369 ;
1370
1371case_value_list: // CFA
1372 case_value { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_case( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1373 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1374 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = $1->set_last( new ClauseNode( build_case( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
1375 ;
1376
1377case_label: // CFA
1378 CASE error // invalid syntax rule
1379 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, case list missing after case." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1380 | CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1381 | CASE case_value_list error // invalid syntax rule
1382 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, colon missing after case list." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1383 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_default( yylloc ) ); }
1384 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1385 | DEFAULT error // invalid syntax rule
1386 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, colon missing after default." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1387 ;
1388
1389case_label_list: // CFA
1390 case_label
1391 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
1392 ;
1393
1394case_clause: // CFA
1395 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1396 ;
1397
1398switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1399 // empty
1400 { $$ = nullptr; }
1401 | switch_clause_list
1402 ;
1403
1404switch_clause_list: // CFA
1405 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1406 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) ); }
1407 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1408 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, $3 ) ) ) ); }
1409 ;
1410
1411iteration_statement:
1412 WHILE '(' ')' statement %prec THEN // CFA => while ( 1 )
1413 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, new CondCtrl( nullptr, NEW_ONE ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
1414 | WHILE '(' ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1415 {
1416 $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, new CondCtrl( nullptr, NEW_ONE ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) );
1417 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousElse );
1418 }
1419 | WHILE '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement %prec THEN
1420 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1421 | WHILE '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1422 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), $7 ) ); }
1423 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1424 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, NEW_ONE, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) ); }
1425 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ELSE statement // CFA
1426 {
1427 $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, NEW_ONE, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) );
1428 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousElse );
1429 }
1430 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1431 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, $5, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) ); }
1432 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ELSE statement // CFA
1433 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, $5, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ), $8 ) ); }
1434 | FOR '(' ')' statement %prec THEN // CFA => for ( ;; )
1435 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, new ForCtrl( nullptr, nullptr, nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
1436 | FOR '(' ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1437 {
1438 $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, new ForCtrl( nullptr, nullptr, nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) );
1439 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousElse );
1440 }
1441 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement %prec THEN
1442 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1443 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1444 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), $7 ) ); }
1445 ;
1446
1447for_control_expression_list:
1448 for_control_expression
1449 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1450 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1451 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1452 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1453 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1454 {
1455 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1456 if ( $1->condition ) {
1457 if ( $3->condition ) {
1458 $1->condition->expr.reset( new ast::LogicalExpr( yylloc, $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), ast::AndExpr ) );
1459 } // if
1460 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1461 if ( $1->change ) {
1462 if ( $3->change ) {
1463 $1->change->expr.reset( new ast::CommaExpr( yylloc, $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1464 } // if
1465 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1466 $$ = $1;
1467 }
1468 ;
1469
1470for_control_expression:
1471 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1472 { $$ = new ForCtrl( nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1473 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1474 {
1475 $$ = new ForCtrl( $1 ? new StatementNode( new ast::ExprStmt( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ) ) ) : nullptr, $3, $5 );
1476 }
1477 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1478 { $$ = new ForCtrl( new StatementNode( $1 ), $2, $4 ); }
1479
1480 | '@' ';' comma_expression // CFA, empty loop-index
1481 { $$ = new ForCtrl( nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
1482 | '@' ';' comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA, empty loop-index
1483 { $$ = new ForCtrl( nullptr, $3, $5 ); }
1484
1485 | comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1486 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), NEW_ZERO, OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), NEW_ONE ); }
1487 | downupdowneq comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1488 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), UPDOWN( $1, NEW_ZERO, $2->clone() ), $1, UPDOWN( $1, $2->clone(), NEW_ZERO ), NEW_ONE ); }
1489
1490 | comma_expression updowneq comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1491 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), UPDOWN( $2, $1->clone(), $3 ), $2, UPDOWN( $2, $3->clone(), $1->clone() ), NEW_ONE ); }
1492 | '@' updowneq comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1493 {
1494 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1495 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $3->clone(), $2, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1496 }
1497 | comma_expression updowneq '@' // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1498 {
1499 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1500 else { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1501 }
1502 | comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1503 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), UPDOWN( $2, $1->clone(), $3 ), $2, UPDOWN( $2, $3->clone(), $1->clone() ), $5 ); }
1504 | '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1505 {
1506 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1507 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $3->clone(), $2, nullptr, $5 );
1508 }
1509 | comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1510 {
1511 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1512 else { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1513 }
1514 | comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1515 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1516 | '@' updowneq '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1517 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1518 | '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1519 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1520 | comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1521 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1522 | '@' updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1523 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1524
1525 // These rules accept a comma_expression for the initialization, when only an identifier is correct. Being
1526 // permissive allows for a better error message from forCtrl.
1527 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1528 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, NEW_ZERO, OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), NEW_ONE ); }
1529 | comma_expression ';' downupdowneq comma_expression // CFA
1530 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $4, $1, UPDOWN( $3, NEW_ZERO, $4->clone() ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), NEW_ZERO ), NEW_ONE ); }
1531
1532 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1533 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, UPDOWN( $4, $3->clone(), $5 ), $4, UPDOWN( $4, $5->clone(), $3->clone() ), NEW_ONE ); }
1534 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1535 {
1536 if ( $4 == OperKinds::LThan || $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1537 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $5, $1, $5->clone(), $4, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1538 }
1539 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq '@' // CFA
1540 {
1541 if ( $4 == OperKinds::GThan || $4 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1542 else if ( $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1543 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1544 }
1545 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1546 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, missing low/high value for ascending/descending range so index is uninitialized." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1547
1548 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1549 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, UPDOWN( $4, $3->clone(), $5 ), $4, UPDOWN( $4, $5->clone(), $3->clone() ), $7 ); }
1550 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1551 {
1552 if ( $4 == OperKinds::LThan || $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1553 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $5, $1, $5->clone(), $4, nullptr, $7 );
1554 }
1555 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1556 {
1557 if ( $4 == OperKinds::GThan || $4 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1558 else if ( $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1559 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, nullptr, $7 );
1560 }
1561 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1562 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, UPDOWN( $4, $3->clone(), $5 ), $4, UPDOWN( $4, $5->clone(), $3->clone() ), nullptr ); }
1563 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1564 {
1565 if ( $4 == OperKinds::LThan || $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1566 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $5, $1, $5->clone(), $4, nullptr, nullptr );
1567 }
1568 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1569 {
1570 if ( $4 == OperKinds::GThan || $4 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1571 else if ( $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1572 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, nullptr, nullptr );
1573 }
1574 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1575 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, missing low/high value for ascending/descending range so index is uninitialized." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1576
1577// | '@' identifier ';' comma_expression // CFA
1578 | declaration comma_expression // CFA
1579 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, NEW_ZERO, OperKinds::LThan, $2, NEW_ONE ); }
1580 | declaration downupdowneq comma_expression // CFA
1581 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $2, NEW_ZERO, $3 ), $2, UPDOWN( $2, $3->clone(), NEW_ZERO ), NEW_ONE ); }
1582
1583 | declaration comma_expression updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1584 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $3, $2->clone(), $4 ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), $2->clone() ), NEW_ONE ); }
1585 | declaration '@' updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1586 {
1587 if ( $3 == OperKinds::LThan || $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1588 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $4, $3, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1589 }
1590 | declaration comma_expression updowneq '@' // CFA
1591 {
1592 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan || $3 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1593 else if ( $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1594 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $2, $3, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1595 }
1596
1597 | declaration comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1598 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $3, $2, $4 ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), $2->clone() ), $6 ); }
1599 | declaration '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1600 {
1601 if ( $3 == OperKinds::LThan || $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1602 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $4, $3, nullptr, $6 );
1603 }
1604 | declaration comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1605 {
1606 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan || $3 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1607 else if ( $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1608 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $2, $3, nullptr, $6 );
1609 }
1610 | declaration comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1611 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $3, $2, $4 ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), $2->clone() ), nullptr ); }
1612 | declaration '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1613 {
1614 if ( $3 == OperKinds::LThan || $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1615 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $4, $3, nullptr, nullptr );
1616 }
1617 | declaration comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1618 {
1619 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan || $3 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1620 else if ( $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1621 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $2, $3, nullptr, nullptr );
1622 }
1623 | declaration '@' updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1624 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, missing low/high value for ascending/descending range so index is uninitialized." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1625
1626 | comma_expression ';' type_type_specifier // CFA, enum type
1627 {
1628 $$ = enumRangeCtrl( $1, OperKinds::LEThan, new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, $3->clone()->buildType() ) ), $3 );
1629 }
1630 | comma_expression ';' downupdowneq enum_key // CFA, enum type, reverse direction
1631 {
1632 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan ) {
1633 SemanticError( yylloc, "all enumeration ranges are equal (all values). Add an equal, e.g., ~=, -~=." ); $$ = nullptr;
1634 $3 = OperKinds::GEThan;
1635 } // if
1636 $$ = enumRangeCtrl( $1, $3, new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, $4->clone()->buildType() ) ), $4 );
1637 }
1638 ;
1639
1640enum_key:
1641 type_name
1642 {
1643 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$1->symbolic.name, "enum_type_nobody 1" );
1644 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $1->symbolic.name, nullptr, false, false );
1645 }
1646 | ENUM identifier
1647 {
1648 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2, "enum_type_nobody 2" );
1649 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, nullptr, false, false );
1650 }
1651 | ENUM type_name
1652 {
1653 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2->symbolic.name, "enum_type_nobody 3" );
1654 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2->symbolic.name, nullptr, false, false );
1655 }
1656 ;
1657
1658// This rule exists to handle the ambiguity with unary operator '~'. The rule is the same as updowneq minus the '~'.
1659// Specifically, "for ( ~5 )" means the complement of 5, not loop 0..4. Hence, in this case "for ( ~= 5 )", i.e., 0..5,
1660// it is not possible to just remove the '='. The entire '~=' must be removed.
1661downupdowneq:
1662 ErangeUp
1663 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1664 | ErangeDown
1665 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1666 | ErangeUpEq
1667 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1668 | ErangeDownEq
1669 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1670 ;
1671
1672updown:
1673 '~' // shorthand 0 ~ 10 => 0 +~ 10
1674 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1675 | ErangeUp
1676 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1677 | ErangeDown
1678 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1679 ;
1680
1681updowneq:
1682 updown
1683 | ErangeUpEq
1684 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1685 | ErangeDownEq
1686 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1687 ;
1688
1689jump_statement:
1690 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1691 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1692 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1693 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1694 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1695 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1696 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthrough appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1697 | FALLTHROUGH ';' // CFA
1698 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1699 | FALLTHROUGH identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1700 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1701 | FALLTHROUGH DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1702 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1703 | CONTINUE ';'
1704 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1705 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1706 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1707 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1708 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1709 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1710 | BREAK ';'
1711 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1712 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1713 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1714 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1715 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1716 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1717 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1718 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1719 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1720 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1721 | SUSPEND ';'
1722 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, nullptr, ast::SuspendStmt::None ) ); }
1723 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1724 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, $2, ast::SuspendStmt::None ) ); }
1725 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1726 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, nullptr, ast::SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1727 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1728 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, $3, ast::SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1729 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1730 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, nullptr, ast::SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1731 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1732 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, $3, ast::SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1733 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1734 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1735 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1736 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1737 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1738 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1739 ;
1740
1741with_statement:
1742 WITH '(' type_list ')' statement // support scoped enumeration
1743 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( yylloc, $3, $5 ) ); }
1744 ;
1745
1746// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so possibly change syntax to "with mutex".
1747mutex_statement:
1748 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')' statement
1749 {
1750 if ( ! $3 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, mutex argument list cannot be empty." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1751 $$ = new StatementNode( build_mutex( yylloc, $3, $5 ) );
1752 }
1753 ;
1754
1755when_clause:
1756 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1757 ;
1758
1759when_clause_opt:
1760 // empty
1761 { $$ = nullptr; }
1762 | when_clause
1763 ;
1764
1765cast_expression_list:
1766 cast_expression
1767 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1768 { SemanticError( yylloc, "List of mutex member is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1769 ;
1770
1771timeout:
1772 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1773 ;
1774
1775wor:
1776 OROR
1777 | WOR
1778
1779waitfor:
1780 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1781 { $$ = $3; }
1782 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1783 { $$ = $3->set_last( $5 ); }
1784 ;
1785
1786wor_waitfor_clause:
1787 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1788 // Called first: create header for WaitForStmt.
1789 { $$ = build_waitfor( yylloc, new ast::WaitForStmt( yylloc ), $1, $2, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $3 ) ); }
1790 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt waitfor statement
1791 { $$ = build_waitfor( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ); }
1792 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1793 { $$ = build_waitfor_else( yylloc, $1, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ); }
1794 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1795 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ); }
1796 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1797 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt timeout statement wor ELSE statement // invalid syntax rule
1798 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1799 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt timeout statement wor when_clause ELSE statement
1800 { $$ = build_waitfor_else( yylloc, build_waitfor_timeout( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ), $7, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $9 ) ); }
1801 ;
1802
1803waitfor_statement:
1804 wor_waitfor_clause %prec THEN
1805 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1806 ;
1807
1808wand:
1809 ANDAND
1810 | WAND
1811 ;
1812
1813waituntil:
1814 WAITUNTIL '(' comma_expression ')'
1815 { $$ = $3; }
1816 ;
1817
1818waituntil_clause:
1819 when_clause_opt waituntil statement
1820 { $$ = build_waituntil_clause( yylloc, $1, $2, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $3 ) ); }
1821 | '(' wor_waituntil_clause ')'
1822 { $$ = $2; }
1823 ;
1824
1825wand_waituntil_clause:
1826 waituntil_clause %prec THEN
1827 { $$ = $1; }
1828 | waituntil_clause wand wand_waituntil_clause
1829 { $$ = new ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode( ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode::Op::AND, $1, $3 ); }
1830 ;
1831
1832wor_waituntil_clause:
1833 wand_waituntil_clause
1834 { $$ = $1; }
1835 | wor_waituntil_clause wor wand_waituntil_clause
1836 { $$ = new ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode( ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode::Op::OR, $1, $3 ); }
1837 | wor_waituntil_clause wor when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1838 { $$ = new ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode( ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode::Op::LEFT_OR, $1, build_waituntil_else( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1839 ;
1840
1841waituntil_statement:
1842 wor_waituntil_clause %prec THEN
1843 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waituntil_stmt( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1844 ;
1845
1846corun_statement:
1847 CORUN statement
1848 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_corun( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1849 ;
1850
1851cofor_statement:
1852 COFOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement
1853 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_cofor( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1854 ;
1855
1856exception_statement:
1857 TRY compound_statement handler_clause %prec THEN
1858 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( yylloc, $2, $3, nullptr ) ); }
1859 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1860 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( yylloc, $2, nullptr, $3 ) ); }
1861 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1862 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( yylloc, $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1863 ;
1864
1865handler_clause:
1866 handler_key '(' exception_declaration handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1867 { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_catch( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, $6 ) ); }
1868 | handler_clause handler_key '(' exception_declaration handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1869 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ClauseNode( build_catch( yylloc, $2, $4, $5, $7 ) ) ); }
1870 ;
1871
1872handler_predicate_opt:
1873 // empty
1874 { $$ = nullptr; }
1875 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1876 ;
1877
1878handler_key:
1879 CATCH { $$ = ast::Terminate; }
1880 | RECOVER { $$ = ast::Terminate; }
1881 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = ast::Resume; }
1882 | FIXUP { $$ = ast::Resume; }
1883 ;
1884
1885finally_clause:
1886 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_finally( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1887 ;
1888
1889exception_declaration:
1890 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1891 type_specifier_nobody
1892 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1893 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1894 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1895 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1896 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1897 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1898 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1899 ;
1900
1901enable_disable_statement:
1902 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1903 ;
1904
1905enable_disable_key:
1906 ENABLE
1907 | DISABLE
1908 ;
1909
1910asm_statement:
1911 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1912 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, nullptr ) ); }
1913 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1914 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1915 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1916 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1917 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1918 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1919 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' asm_label_list ')' ';'
1920 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $5, nullptr, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1921 ;
1922
1923asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1924 // empty
1925 { $$ = false; }
1926 | VOLATILE
1927 { $$ = true; }
1928 ;
1929
1930asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1931 // empty
1932 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1933 | asm_operands_list
1934 ;
1935
1936asm_operands_list: // GCC
1937 asm_operand
1938 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1939 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1940 ;
1941
1942asm_operand: // GCC
1943 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1944 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AsmExpr( yylloc, "", maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
1945 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1946 {
1947 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AsmExpr( yylloc, *$2.str, maybeMoveBuild( $4 ), maybeMoveBuild( $6 ) ) );
1948 delete $2.str;
1949 }
1950 ;
1951
1952asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1953 // empty
1954 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1955 | string_literal
1956 { $$ = $1; }
1957 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1958 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1959 ;
1960
1961asm_label_list:
1962 identifier_or_type_name
1963 { $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.emplace_back( yylloc, *$1 ); delete $1; } // allocated by lexer
1964 | asm_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1965 { $$ = $1; $1->labels.emplace_back( yylloc, *$3 ); delete $3; } // allocated by lexer
1966 ;
1967
1968// ****************************** DECLARATIONS *********************************
1969
1970declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1971 // empty
1972 { $$ = nullptr; }
1973 | declaration_list
1974 ;
1975
1976declaration_list:
1977 attribute_list_opt declaration
1978 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1979 | declaration_list declaration
1980 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
1981 ;
1982
1983KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1984 // empty
1985 { $$ = nullptr; }
1986 | KR_parameter_list
1987 ;
1988
1989KR_parameter_list:
1990 c_declaration ';'
1991 { $$ = $1; }
1992 | KR_parameter_list c_declaration ';'
1993 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
1994 ;
1995
1996local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1997 // empty
1998 | local_label_declaration_list
1999 ;
2000
2001local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
2002 LABEL local_label_list ';'
2003 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
2004 ;
2005
2006local_label_list: // GCC, local label
2007 identifier_or_type_name
2008 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2009 ;
2010
2011declaration: // old & new style declarations
2012 c_declaration ';'
2013 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
2014 | static_assert ';' // C11
2015 ;
2016
2017static_assert:
2018 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' // C11
2019 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, maybeMoveBuild( $5 ) ); }
2020 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' // CFA
2021 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( yylloc, *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
2022
2023// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
2024// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
2025// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
2026// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
2027// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
2028// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
2029//
2030// CFA C
2031// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
2032// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
2033
2034cfa_declaration: // CFA
2035 cfa_variable_declaration
2036 | cfa_typedef_declaration
2037 | cfa_function_declaration
2038 | type_declaring_list
2039 { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2040 | trait_specifier
2041 ;
2042
2043cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
2044 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
2045 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
2046 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
2047 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
2048 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
2049 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
2050 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
2051 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
2052 ;
2053
2054cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
2055 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
2056 // storage-class
2057 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2058 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
2059 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2060 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
2061 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2062 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
2063 | multi_array_dimension type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2064 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addName( $4 )->addAsmName( $5 ); }
2065
2066 // [ int s, int t ]; // declare s and t
2067 // [ int, int ] f();
2068 // [] g( int );
2069 // [ int x, int y ] = f(); // declare x and y, initialize each from f
2070 // g( x + y );
2071 | cfa_function_return asm_name_opt
2072 { SemanticError( yylloc, "tuple-element declarations is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2073 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_return asm_name_opt
2074 { SemanticError( yylloc, "tuple variable declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2075 ;
2076
2077cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
2078 cfa_function_specifier
2079 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
2080 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2081 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
2082 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2083 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
2084 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2085 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')'
2086 {
2087 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
2088 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
2089 ret->type = maybeCopy( $1->type->base );
2090 $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
2091 }
2092 ;
2093
2094cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
2095 '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2096 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $6, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $9 ); }
2097 | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2098 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $6, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $9 ); }
2099 // | '[' ']' TYPEGENname '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2100 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $6, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $9 ); }
2101
2102 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
2103 //
2104 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
2105 // '[' ']' type_specifier
2106 //
2107 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
2108 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
2109 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2110 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2111 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
2112 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2113 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
2114 ;
2115
2116cfa_function_return: // CFA
2117 '[' cfa_parameter_list ']'
2118 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $2 ); }
2119 | '[' cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_list ']'
2120 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
2121 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $2->set_last( $4 ) ); }
2122 ;
2123
2124cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
2125 TYPEDEF attribute_list_opt cfa_variable_specifier
2126 {
2127 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "cfa_typedef_declaration 1" );
2128 $$ = $3->addTypedef()->addQualifiers( $2 );
2129 }
2130 | TYPEDEF attribute_list_opt cfa_function_specifier
2131 {
2132 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "cfa_typedef_declaration 2" );
2133 $$ = $3->addTypedef()->addQualifiers( $2 );
2134 }
2135 | cfa_typedef_declaration ',' attribute_list_opt identifier
2136 {
2137 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4, TYPEDEFname, "cfa_typedef_declaration 3" );
2138 $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $4 )->addQualifiers( $3 ) );
2139 }
2140 ;
2141
2142// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
2143// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
2144
2145typedef_declaration:
2146 TYPEDEF attribute_list_opt type_specifier declarator
2147 {
2148 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "typedef_declaration 1" );
2149 if ( $3->type->forall || ($3->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate && $3->type->aggregate.params) ) {
2150 SemanticError( yylloc, "forall qualifier in typedef is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2151 } else $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addTypedef()->addQualifiers( $2 ); // watchout frees $3 and $4
2152 }
2153 | typedef_declaration ',' attribute_list_opt declarator
2154 {
2155 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "typedef_declaration 2" );
2156 $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 )->addTypedef()->addQualifiers( $3 ) );
2157 }
2158 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
2159 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Type qualifiers/specifiers before TYPEDEF is deprecated, move after TYPEDEF." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2160 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
2161 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Type qualifiers/specifiers before TYPEDEF is deprecated, move after TYPEDEF." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2162 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
2163 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Type qualifiers/specifiers before TYPEDEF is deprecated, move after TYPEDEF." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2164 ;
2165
2166typedef_expression:
2167 // deprecated GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
2168 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
2169 { SemanticError( yylloc, "TYPEDEF expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2170 | typedef_expression ',' identifier '=' assignment_expression
2171 { SemanticError( yylloc, "TYPEDEF expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2172 ;
2173
2174c_declaration:
2175 declaration_specifier declaring_list
2176 { $$ = distTypeSpec( $1, $2 ); }
2177 | typedef_declaration
2178 | typedef_expression // deprecated GCC, naming expression type
2179 | sue_declaration_specifier
2180 {
2181 assert( $1->type );
2182 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.any() ) { // CV qualifiers ?
2183 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, useless type qualifier(s) in empty declaration." ); $$ = nullptr;
2184 }
2185 // enums are never empty declarations because there must have at least one enumeration.
2186 if ( $1->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && $1->storageClasses.any() ) { // storage class ?
2187 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, useless storage qualifier(s) in empty aggregate declaration." ); $$ = nullptr;
2188 }
2189 }
2190 ;
2191
2192declaring_list:
2193 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
2194 // storage-class
2195 variable_declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
2196 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
2197 | variable_type_redeclarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
2198 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
2199
2200 | general_function_declarator asm_name_opt
2201 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( nullptr ); }
2202 | general_function_declarator asm_name_opt '=' VOID
2203 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( true ) ); }
2204
2205 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
2206 { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
2207 ;
2208
2209general_function_declarator:
2210 function_type_redeclarator
2211 | function_declarator
2212 ;
2213
2214declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
2215 basic_declaration_specifier
2216 | type_declaration_specifier
2217 | sue_declaration_specifier
2218 | sue_declaration_specifier invalid_types // invalid syntax rule
2219 {
2220 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, expecting ';' at end of \"%s\" declaration.",
2221 ast::AggregateDecl::aggrString( $1->type->aggregate.kind ) );
2222 $$ = nullptr;
2223 }
2224 ;
2225
2226invalid_types:
2227 aggregate_key
2228 | basic_type_name
2229 | indirect_type
2230 ;
2231
2232declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
2233 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
2234 //
2235 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
2236 //
2237 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
2238 basic_declaration_specifier
2239 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
2240 | type_declaration_specifier
2241 ;
2242
2243type_specifier: // type specifier
2244 basic_type_specifier
2245 | sue_type_specifier
2246 | type_type_specifier attribute_list_opt
2247 ;
2248
2249type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
2250 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
2251 //
2252 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
2253 //
2254 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
2255 basic_type_specifier
2256 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
2257 | type_type_specifier
2258 ;
2259
2260type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
2261 // empty
2262 { $$ = nullptr; }
2263 | type_qualifier_list
2264 ;
2265
2266type_qualifier_list:
2267 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
2268 //
2269 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
2270 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
2271 // appeared only once.
2272 type_qualifier attribute_list_opt
2273 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2274 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier attribute_list_opt
2275 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2276 ;
2277
2278type_qualifier:
2279 type_qualifier_name
2280 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ); }
2281 ;
2282
2283type_qualifier_name:
2284 CONST
2285 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Const ); }
2286 | RESTRICT
2287 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Restrict ); }
2288 | VOLATILE
2289 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Volatile ); }
2290 | ATOMIC
2291 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Atomic ); }
2292
2293 // forall is a CV qualifier because it can appear in places where SC qualifiers are disallowed.
2294 //
2295 // void foo( forall( T ) T (*)( T ) ); // forward declaration
2296 // void bar( static int ); // static disallowed (gcc/CFA)
2297 | forall
2298 { $$ = build_forall( $1 ); }
2299 ;
2300
2301forall:
2302 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
2303 { $$ = $3; }
2304 ;
2305
2306declaration_qualifier_list:
2307 storage_class_list
2308 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
2309 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2310 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
2311 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2312 ;
2313
2314storage_class_list:
2315 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
2316 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
2317 //
2318 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
2319 // specifiers in a declaration.
2320 storage_class attribute_list_opt
2321 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2322 | storage_class_list storage_class attribute_list_opt
2323 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2324 ;
2325
2326storage_class:
2327 EXTERN
2328 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Extern ); }
2329 | STATIC
2330 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Static ); }
2331 | AUTO
2332 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Auto ); }
2333 | REGISTER
2334 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Register ); }
2335 | THREADLOCALGCC // GCC
2336 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::ThreadLocalGcc ); }
2337 | THREADLOCALC11 // C11
2338 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::ThreadLocalC11 ); }
2339 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
2340 | INLINE // C99
2341 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( ast::Function::Inline ); }
2342 | FORTRAN // C99
2343 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( ast::Function::Fortran ); }
2344 | NORETURN // C11
2345 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( ast::Function::Noreturn ); }
2346 ;
2347
2348basic_type_name:
2349 basic_type_name_type
2350 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ); }
2351 ;
2352
2353// Just an intermediate value for conversion.
2354basic_type_name_type:
2355 VOID
2356 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Void ); }
2357 | BOOL // C99
2358 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Bool ); }
2359 | CHAR
2360 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Char ); }
2361 | INT
2362 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Int ); }
2363 | INT128
2364 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Int128 ); }
2365 | UINT128
2366 { $$ = addType( build_basic_type( TypeData::Int128 ), build_signedness( TypeData::Unsigned ) ); }
2367 | FLOAT
2368 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float ); }
2369 | DOUBLE
2370 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Double ); }
2371 | FLOAT80
2372 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float80 ); }
2373 | uuFLOAT128
2374 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uuFloat128 ); }
2375 | FLOAT16
2376 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float16 ); }
2377 | FLOAT32
2378 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float32 ); }
2379 | FLOAT32X
2380 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float32x ); }
2381 | FLOAT64
2382 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float64 ); }
2383 | FLOAT64X
2384 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float64x ); }
2385 | FLOAT128
2386 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float128 ); }
2387 // https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0018/a/NEON-Intrinsics/Accessing-vector-types-from-C
2388 | FLOAT128X
2389 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float128x ); }
2390 | FLOAT32X4
2391 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float32x4 ); }
2392 | FLOAT64X2
2393 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float64x2 ); }
2394 | SVFLOAT32
2395 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Svfloat32 ); }
2396 | SVFLOAT64
2397 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Svfloat64 ); }
2398 | SVBOOL
2399 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Svbool ); }
2400 | DECIMAL32
2401 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal32 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2402 | DECIMAL64
2403 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal64 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2404 | DECIMAL128
2405 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal128 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2406 | COMPLEX // C99
2407 { $$ = build_complex_type( TypeData::Complex ); }
2408 | IMAGINARY // C99
2409 { $$ = build_complex_type( TypeData::Imaginary ); }
2410 | SIGNED
2411 { $$ = build_signedness( TypeData::Signed ); }
2412 | UNSIGNED
2413 { $$ = build_signedness( TypeData::Unsigned ); }
2414 | SHORT
2415 { $$ = build_length( TypeData::Short ); }
2416 | LONG
2417 { $$ = build_length( TypeData::Long ); }
2418 | VA_LIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
2419 { $$ = build_builtin_type( TypeData::Valist ); }
2420 | AUTO_TYPE
2421 { $$ = build_builtin_type( TypeData::AutoType ); }
2422 | vtable
2423 ;
2424
2425vtable_opt:
2426 // empty
2427 { $$ = nullptr; }
2428 | vtable
2429 ;
2430
2431vtable:
2432 VTABLE '(' type_name ')' default_opt
2433 { $$ = build_vtable_type( $3 ); }
2434 ;
2435
2436default_opt:
2437 // empty
2438 { $$ = nullptr; }
2439 | DEFAULT
2440 { SemanticError( yylloc, "vtable default is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2441 ;
2442
2443basic_declaration_specifier:
2444 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
2445 basic_type_specifier
2446 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
2447 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2448 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class attribute_list_opt // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2449 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2450 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2451 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2452 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
2453 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
2454 ;
2455
2456basic_type_specifier:
2457 direct_type attribute_list_opt
2458 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2459 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
2460 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type attribute_list
2461 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2462 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
2463 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2464 ;
2465
2466direct_type:
2467 basic_type_name
2468 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
2469 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2470 | direct_type type_qualifier
2471 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2472 | direct_type basic_type_name
2473 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
2474 ;
2475
2476indirect_type:
2477 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
2478 { $$ = $3; }
2479 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
2480 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
2481 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
2482 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
2483 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
2484 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
2485 | ZERO_T // CFA
2486 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_builtin_type( TypeData::Zero ) ); }
2487 | ONE_T // CFA
2488 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_builtin_type( TypeData::One ) ); }
2489 ;
2490
2491sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
2492 sue_type_specifier
2493 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
2494 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2495 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2496 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2497 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2498 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2499 ;
2500
2501sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
2502 elaborated_type
2503 | type_qualifier_list
2504 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
2505 elaborated_type
2506 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2507 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
2508 {
2509 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2510 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
2511 }
2512 ;
2513
2514sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
2515 sue_type_specifier_nobody
2516 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
2517 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2518 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2519 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2520 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
2521 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2522 ;
2523
2524sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
2525 elaborated_type_nobody
2526 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
2527 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2528 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
2529 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2530 ;
2531
2532type_declaration_specifier:
2533 type_type_specifier attribute_list_opt
2534 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2535 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier attribute_list_opt
2536 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2537 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class attribute_list_opt // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2538 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2539 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2540 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2541 ;
2542
2543type_type_specifier: // typedef types
2544 type_name
2545 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ); }
2546 | type_qualifier_list type_name
2547 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2548 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
2549 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2550 ;
2551
2552type_name:
2553 TYPEDEFname
2554 { $$ = build_typedef( $1 ); }
2555 | '.' TYPEDEFname
2556 { $$ = build_qualified_type( build_global_scope(), build_typedef( $2 ) ); }
2557 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
2558 { $$ = build_qualified_type( $1, build_typedef( $3 ) ); }
2559 | typegen_name
2560 | '.' typegen_name
2561 { $$ = build_qualified_type( build_global_scope(), $2 ); }
2562 | type_name '.' typegen_name
2563 { $$ = build_qualified_type( $1, $3 ); }
2564 ;
2565
2566typegen_name: // CFA
2567 TYPEGENname
2568 { $$ = build_type_gen( $1, nullptr ); }
2569 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2570 { $$ = build_type_gen( $1, nullptr ); }
2571 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2572 { $$ = build_type_gen( $1, $3 ); }
2573 ;
2574
2575elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2576 aggregate_type
2577 | enum_type
2578 ;
2579
2580elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2581 aggregate_type_nobody
2582 | enum_type_nobody
2583 ;
2584
2585// ************************** AGGREGATE *******************************
2586
2587aggregate_type: // struct, union
2588 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2589 { forall = false; } // reset
2590 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt attribute_list_opt
2591 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
2592 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt
2593 {
2594 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type: 1" );
2595 forall = false; // reset
2596 }
2597 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt attribute_list_opt
2598 {
2599 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $4 )->addQualifiers( $10 );
2600 }
2601 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname attribute_list_opt // unqualified type name
2602 {
2603 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type: 2" );
2604 forall = false; // reset
2605 }
2606 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt attribute_list_opt
2607 {
2608 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_typedef( $3 ) );
2609 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $4 )->addQualifiers( $10 );
2610 }
2611 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEGENname attribute_list_opt // unqualified type name
2612 {
2613 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type: 3" );
2614 forall = false; // reset
2615 }
2616 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt attribute_list_opt
2617 {
2618 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_gen( $3, nullptr ) );
2619 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $10 );
2620 }
2621 | aggregate_type_nobody
2622 ;
2623
2624type_parameters_opt:
2625 // empty
2626 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2627 | '(' type_list ')'
2628 { $$ = $2; }
2629 ;
2630
2631aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2632 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2633 {
2634 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type_nobody" );
2635 forall = false; // reset
2636 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2637 }
2638 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name
2639 {
2640 forall = false; // reset
2641 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2642 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2643 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2644 if ( $3->kind == TypeData::SymbolicInst && ! $3->symbolic.isTypedef ) {
2645 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $3 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2646 } else {
2647 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->symbolic.name, $3->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2648 $3->symbolic.name = nullptr; // copied to $$
2649 $3->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2650 delete $3;
2651 }
2652 }
2653 ;
2654
2655aggregate_key:
2656 aggregate_data
2657 | aggregate_control
2658 ;
2659
2660aggregate_data:
2661 STRUCT vtable_opt
2662 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2663 | UNION
2664 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Union; }
2665 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2666 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2667 ;
2668
2669aggregate_control: // CFA
2670 MONITOR
2671 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2672 | MUTEX STRUCT
2673 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2674 | GENERATOR
2675 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2676 | MUTEX GENERATOR
2677 {
2678 SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." );
2679 $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::NoAggregate;
2680 }
2681 | COROUTINE
2682 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2683 | MUTEX COROUTINE
2684 {
2685 SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." );
2686 $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::NoAggregate;
2687 }
2688 | THREAD
2689 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2690 | MUTEX THREAD
2691 {
2692 SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." );
2693 $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::NoAggregate;
2694 }
2695 ;
2696
2697field_declaration_list_opt:
2698 // empty => struct S { /* no fields */ };
2699 { $$ = nullptr; }
2700 | field_declaration_list_opt attribute_list_opt field_declaration
2701 { distAttr( $2, $3 ); $$ = $1 ? $1->set_last( $3 ) : $3; }
2702 ;
2703
2704field_declaration:
2705 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2706 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2707 | type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt '}' // invalid syntax rule
2708 {
2709 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, expecting ';' at end of previous declaration." );
2710 $$ = nullptr;
2711 }
2712 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2713 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2714 | STATIC type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // CFA
2715 { SemanticError( yylloc, "STATIC aggregate field qualifier currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2716 | INLINE attribute_list_opt type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2717 {
2718 if ( ! $4 ) { // field declarator ?
2719 $4 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2720 } // if
2721 $4->inLine = true;
2722 $$ = distTypeSpec( $3, $4 ); // mark all fields in list
2723 distInl( $4 );
2724 }
2725 | INLINE attribute_list_opt aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2726 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2727 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2728 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2729 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2730 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2731 | INLINE attribute_list_opt cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2732 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); } // mark all fields in list
2733 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2734 | static_assert ';' // C11
2735 ;
2736
2737field_declaring_list_opt:
2738 // empty
2739 { $$ = nullptr; }
2740 | field_declaring_list
2741 ;
2742
2743field_declaring_list:
2744 field_declarator
2745 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2746 { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2747 ;
2748
2749field_declarator:
2750 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2751 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2752 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2753 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2754 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2755 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2756 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2757 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2758 | function_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2759 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2760 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2761 ;
2762
2763field_abstract_list_opt:
2764 // empty
2765 { $$ = nullptr; }
2766 | field_abstract
2767 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2768 { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2769 ;
2770
2771field_abstract:
2772 variable_abstract_declarator // no bit fields
2773 ;
2774
2775cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2776 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2777 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2778 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2779 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2780 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2781 ;
2782
2783cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2784 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2785 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2786 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2787 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2788 ;
2789
2790bit_subrange_size_opt:
2791 // empty
2792 { $$ = nullptr; }
2793 | bit_subrange_size
2794 ;
2795
2796bit_subrange_size:
2797 ':' assignment_expression
2798 { $$ = $2; }
2799 ;
2800
2801// ************************** ENUMERATION *******************************
2802
2803enum_type:
2804 // anonymous, no type name
2805 ENUM attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' attribute_list_opt
2806 {
2807 if ( $3 == EnumHiding::Hide ) {
2808 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, hiding ('!') the enumerator names of an anonymous enumeration means the names are inaccessible." ); $$ = nullptr;
2809 } // if
2810 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $5, true, false )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $8 );
2811 }
2812 | ENUM enumerator_type attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' attribute_list_opt
2813 {
2814 if ( $2 && ($2->storageClasses.val != 0 || $2->type->qualifiers.any()) ) {
2815 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." );
2816 }
2817 if ( $4 == EnumHiding::Hide ) {
2818 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, hiding ('!') the enumerator names of an anonymous enumeration means the names are inaccessible." ); $$ = nullptr;
2819 } // if
2820 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $6, true, true, $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 )->addQualifiers( $9 );
2821 }
2822
2823 // named type
2824 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt
2825 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, "enum_type 1" ); }
2826 hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' attribute_list_opt
2827 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $8, true, false, nullptr, $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 ->addQualifiers( $4 ))->addQualifiers( $11 ); }
2828 | ENUM attribute_list_opt typedef_name attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' attribute_list_opt // unqualified type name
2829 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->name, $7, true, false, nullptr, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $4 )->addQualifiers( $10 ); }
2830 | ENUM enumerator_type attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt
2831 {
2832 if ( $2 && ($2->storageClasses.any() || $2->type->qualifiers.val != 0) ) {
2833 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." );
2834 }
2835 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$4, "enum_type 2" );
2836 }
2837 hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' attribute_list_opt
2838 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $4, $9, true, true, $2, $7 )->addQualifiers( $3 )->addQualifiers( $5 )->addQualifiers( $12 ); }
2839 | ENUM enumerator_type attribute_list_opt typedef_name attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' attribute_list_opt
2840 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $4->name, $8, true, true, $2, $6 )->addQualifiers( $3 )->addQualifiers( $5 )->addQualifiers( $11 ); }
2841
2842 // forward declaration
2843 | enum_type_nobody
2844 ;
2845
2846enumerator_type:
2847 '(' ')' // pure enumeration
2848 { $$ = nullptr; }
2849 | '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' // typed enumeration
2850 { $$ = $2; }
2851 ;
2852
2853hide_opt:
2854 // empty
2855 { $$ = EnumHiding::Visible; }
2856 | '!'
2857 { $$ = EnumHiding::Hide; }
2858 ;
2859
2860enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2861 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2862 {
2863 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, "enum_type_nobody 1" );
2864 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, nullptr, false, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2865 }
2866 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2867 {
2868 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->symbolic.name, "enum_type_nobody 2" );
2869 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->symbolic.name, nullptr, false, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2870 }
2871 ;
2872
2873enumerator_list:
2874 // empty
2875 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enumeration must have a minimum of one enumerator, empty enumerator list is meaningless." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2876 | visible_hide_opt identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2877 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumValueGeneric( $2, $3 ); }
2878 | INLINE type_name
2879 {
2880 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumInLine( $2->symbolic.name );
2881 $2->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2882 delete $2;
2883 }
2884 | enumerator_list ',' visible_hide_opt identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2885 { $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newEnumValueGeneric( $4, $5 ) ); }
2886 | enumerator_list ',' INLINE type_name
2887 { $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newEnumInLine( $4->symbolic.name ) ); }
2888 ;
2889
2890visible_hide_opt:
2891 hide_opt
2892 | '^'
2893 { $$ = EnumHiding::Visible; }
2894 ;
2895
2896enumerator_value_opt:
2897 // empty
2898 { $$ = nullptr; }
2899 | '=' constant_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2 ); }
2900 | '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $3, true ); }
2901 // | simple_assignment_operator initializer
2902 // { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2903 ;
2904
2905// ************************** FUNCTION PARAMETERS *******************************
2906
2907parameter_list_ellipsis_opt:
2908 // empty
2909 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_basic_type( TypeData::Void ) ); }
2910 | ELLIPSIS
2911 { $$ = nullptr; }
2912 | parameter_list
2913 | parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS
2914 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2915 ;
2916
2917parameter_list: // abstract + real
2918 parameter_declaration
2919 | attribute_list parameter_declaration
2920 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2921 | abstract_parameter_declaration
2922 | attribute_list abstract_parameter_declaration
2923 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2924 | parameter_list ',' attribute_list_opt parameter_declaration
2925 { $4->addQualifiers( $3 ); $$ = $1->set_last( $4 ); }
2926 | parameter_list ',' attribute_list_opt abstract_parameter_declaration
2927 { $4->addQualifiers( $3 ); $$ = $1->set_last( $4 ); }
2928 ;
2929
2930cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2931 // empty
2932 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_basic_type( TypeData::Void ) ); }
2933 | ELLIPSIS
2934 { $$ = nullptr; }
2935 | cfa_parameter_list
2936 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2937 | cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2938 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2939 | cfa_parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS
2940 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2941 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS
2942 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2943 ;
2944
2945cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2946 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2947 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2948 cfa_parameter_declaration
2949 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' cfa_parameter_declaration
2950 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2951 | cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_parameter_declaration
2952 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2953 | cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' cfa_parameter_declaration
2954 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 )->set_last( $5 ); }
2955 ;
2956
2957cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2958 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2959 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2960 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2961 ;
2962
2963// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2964// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2965
2966parameter_declaration:
2967 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2968 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2969 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2970 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initializer_opt
2971 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2972 ;
2973
2974abstract_parameter_declaration:
2975 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initializer_opt
2976 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2977 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2978 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2979 ;
2980
2981cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2982 parameter_declaration
2983 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2984 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2985 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2986 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2987 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2988 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2989 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2990 | cfa_function_specifier // int f( "int fp()" );
2991 ;
2992
2993cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2994 abstract_parameter_declaration
2995 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2996 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2997 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2998 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2999 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3000 | cfa_abstract_function // int f( "int ()" );
3001 ;
3002
3003// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
3004// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
3005// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
3006
3007identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
3008 identifier
3009 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3010 | identifier_list ',' identifier
3011 { $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
3012 ;
3013
3014type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
3015 type_specifier // cannot be type_specifier_nobody, e.g., (struct S {}){} is a thing
3016 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
3017 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
3018 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
3019 ;
3020
3021type: // typeof, assertion
3022 type_no_function
3023 | attribute_list type_no_function
3024 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3025 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
3026 | attribute_list cfa_abstract_function // CFA
3027 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3028 ;
3029
3030initializer_opt:
3031 // empty
3032 { $$ = nullptr; }
3033 | simple_assignment_operator initializer { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
3034 | '=' VOID { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
3035 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
3036 ;
3037
3038initializer:
3039 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
3040 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
3041 ;
3042
3043initializer_list_opt:
3044 // empty
3045 { $$ = nullptr; }
3046 | initializer
3047 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
3048 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
3049 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ); }
3050 ;
3051
3052// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
3053// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
3054//
3055// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
3056//
3057// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
3058// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
3059// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
3060// shift/reduce conflicts
3061
3062designation:
3063 designator_list '=' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
3064 | identifier_at ':' // GCC, field name, obsolete since GCC 2.5
3065 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
3066 ;
3067
3068designator_list: // C99
3069 designator
3070 | designator_list designator
3071 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
3072 ;
3073
3074designator:
3075 '.' identifier_at // C99, field name
3076 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
3077 | '[' constant_expression ']' // C99, single array element
3078 { $$ = $2; }
3079 | '[' subrange ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
3080 { $$ = $2; }
3081 | '[' constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
3082 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::RangeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $2 ), maybeMoveBuild( $4 ) ) ); }
3083 | '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
3084 { $$ = $3; }
3085 ;
3086
3087// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
3088// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
3089//
3090// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
3091//
3092// Type declarations: "otype" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
3093// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
3094// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
3095//
3096// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
3097// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
3098//
3099// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
3100// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
3101// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
3102// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
3103// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
3104
3105type_parameter_list: // CFA
3106 type_parameter
3107 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
3108 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
3109 ;
3110
3111type_initializer_opt: // CFA
3112 // empty
3113 { $$ = nullptr; }
3114 | '=' type
3115 { $$ = $2; }
3116 ;
3117
3118type_parameter: // CFA
3119 type_class identifier_or_type_name
3120 {
3121 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "type_parameter 1" );
3122 if ( $1 == ast::TypeDecl::Otype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype keyword is deprecated, use T " ); }
3123 if ( $1 == ast::TypeDecl::Dtype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "dtype keyword is deprecated, use T &" ); }
3124 if ( $1 == ast::TypeDecl::Ttype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "ttype keyword is deprecated, use T ..." ); }
3125 }
3126 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
3127 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
3128 | identifier_or_type_name new_type_class
3129 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "type_parameter 2" ); }
3130 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
3131 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $2, $1 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
3132 | '[' identifier_or_type_name ']'
3133 {
3134 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDIMname, "type_parameter 3" );
3135 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( ast::TypeDecl::Dimension, $2 );
3136 }
3137 // | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
3138 | assertion_list
3139 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( ast::TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
3140 | ENUM '(' identifier_or_type_name ')' identifier_or_type_name new_type_class type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
3141 {
3142 typedefTable.addToScope( *$3, TYPEDIMname, "type_parameter 4" );
3143 typedefTable.addToScope( *$5, TYPEDIMname, "type_parameter 5" );
3144 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $6, $5 )->addTypeInitializer( $7 )->addAssertions( $8 );
3145 }
3146 ;
3147
3148new_type_class: // CFA
3149 // empty
3150 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Otype; }
3151 | '&'
3152 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Dtype; }
3153 | '*'
3154 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::DStype; } // Dtype + sized
3155 // | '(' '*' ')' // Gregor made me do it
3156 // { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ftype; }
3157 | ELLIPSIS
3158 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ttype; }
3159 ;
3160
3161type_class: // CFA
3162 OTYPE
3163 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Otype; }
3164 | DTYPE
3165 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Dtype; }
3166 | FTYPE
3167 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ftype; }
3168 | TTYPE
3169 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ttype; }
3170 ;
3171
3172assertion_list_opt: // CFA
3173 // empty
3174 { $$ = nullptr; }
3175 | assertion_list
3176 ;
3177
3178assertion_list: // CFA
3179 assertion
3180 | assertion_list assertion
3181 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
3182 ;
3183
3184assertion: // CFA
3185 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
3186 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
3187 | '|' '{' trait_declaration_list '}'
3188 { $$ = $3; }
3189 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
3190 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3191 ;
3192
3193type_list: // CFA
3194 type
3195 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
3196 | assignment_expression
3197 | type_list ',' type
3198 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ); }
3199 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
3200 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
3201 ;
3202
3203type_declaring_list: // CFA
3204 OTYPE type_declarator
3205 { $$ = $2; }
3206 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
3207 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3208 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
3209 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
3210 ;
3211
3212type_declarator: // CFA
3213 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
3214 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
3215 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
3216 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
3217 ;
3218
3219type_declarator_name: // CFA
3220 identifier_or_type_name
3221 {
3222 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "type_declarator_name 1" );
3223 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, nullptr );
3224 }
3225 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
3226 {
3227 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "type_declarator_name 2" );
3228 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
3229 }
3230 ;
3231
3232trait_specifier: // CFA
3233 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
3234 {
3235 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::DeprecTraitSyntax );
3236 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, nullptr );
3237 }
3238 | forall TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '{' '}' // alternate
3239 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $3, $1, nullptr ); }
3240 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' trait_declaration_list '}'
3241 {
3242 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::DeprecTraitSyntax );
3243 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $7 );
3244 }
3245 | forall TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '{' trait_declaration_list '}' // alternate
3246 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $3, $1, $5 ); }
3247 ;
3248
3249trait_declaration_list: // CFA
3250 trait_declaration
3251 | trait_declaration_list trait_declaration
3252 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
3253 ;
3254
3255trait_declaration: // CFA
3256 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
3257 | trait_declaring_list ';'
3258 ;
3259
3260cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
3261 cfa_variable_specifier
3262 | cfa_function_specifier
3263 | cfa_trait_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
3264 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
3265 ;
3266
3267trait_declaring_list: // CFA
3268 // Cannot declare an aggregate or enumeration in a trait.
3269 type_specifier_nobody declarator
3270 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
3271 | trait_declaring_list ',' declarator
3272 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneBaseType( $3 ) ); }
3273 | error
3274 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Possible cause is declaring an aggregate or enumeration type in a trait." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3275 ;
3276
3277// **************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
3278
3279translation_unit:
3280 // empty, input file
3281 | external_definition_list
3282 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->set_last( $1 ) : $1; }
3283 ;
3284
3285external_definition_list_opt:
3286 // empty
3287 { $$ = nullptr; }
3288 | external_definition_list
3289 ;
3290
3291external_definition_list:
3292 attribute_list_opt push external_definition pop
3293 { distAttr( $1, $3 ); $$ = $3; }
3294 | external_definition_list attribute_list_opt push external_definition pop
3295 { distAttr( $2, $4 ); $$ = $1 ? $1->set_last( $4 ) : $4->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3296 ;
3297
3298up:
3299 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
3300 ;
3301
3302down:
3303 { typedefTable.down(); }
3304 ;
3305
3306external_definition:
3307 DIRECTIVE
3308 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newDirectiveStmt( new StatementNode( build_directive( yylloc, $1 ) ) ); }
3309 | declaration
3310 {
3311 // Variable declarations of anonymous types requires creating a unique type-name across multiple translation
3312 // unit, which is a dubious task, especially because C uses name rather than structural typing; hence it is
3313 // disallowed at the moment.
3314 if ( $1->linkage == ast::Linkage::Cforall && ! $1->storageClasses.is_static &&
3315 $1->type && $1->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst ) {
3316 if ( $1->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.anon ) {
3317 SemanticError( yylloc, "extern anonymous aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
3318 }
3319 }
3320 }
3321 | IDENTIFIER IDENTIFIER
3322 { IdentifierBeforeIdentifier( *$1.str, *$2.str, " declaration" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3323 | IDENTIFIER type_qualifier // invalid syntax rule
3324 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type qualifier" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3325 | IDENTIFIER storage_class // invalid syntax rule
3326 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "storage class" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3327 | IDENTIFIER basic_type_name // invalid syntax rule
3328 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3329 | IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname // invalid syntax rule
3330 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3331 | IDENTIFIER TYPEGENname // invalid syntax rule
3332 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3333 | external_function_definition
3334 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
3335 {
3336 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
3337 $$ = $2;
3338 }
3339 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
3340 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, false, $3, nullptr ) ) ); }
3341 | EXTERN STRINGliteral
3342 {
3343 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
3344 linkage = ast::Linkage::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
3345 }
3346 up external_definition down
3347 {
3348 linkage = linkageStack.top();
3349 linkageStack.pop();
3350 $$ = $5;
3351 }
3352 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
3353 {
3354 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
3355 linkage = ast::Linkage::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
3356 }
3357 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
3358 {
3359 linkage = linkageStack.top();
3360 linkageStack.pop();
3361 $$ = $6;
3362 }
3363 // global distribution
3364 | type_qualifier_list
3365 {
3366 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.any() ) {
3367 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." );
3368 }
3369 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
3370 }
3371 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
3372 {
3373 distQual( $5, $1 );
3374 forall = false;
3375 $$ = $5;
3376 }
3377 | declaration_qualifier_list
3378 {
3379 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.any() ) {
3380 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." );
3381 }
3382 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
3383 }
3384 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
3385 {
3386 distQual( $5, $1 );
3387 forall = false;
3388 $$ = $5;
3389 }
3390 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
3391 {
3392 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.any()) || ($2->type && $2->type->qualifiers.any()) ) {
3393 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." );
3394 }
3395 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || ($2->type && $2->type->forall) ) forall = true; // remember generic type
3396 }
3397 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
3398 {
3399 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
3400 forall = false;
3401 $$ = $6;
3402 }
3403 | ';' // empty declaration
3404 { $$ = nullptr; }
3405 ;
3406
3407external_function_definition:
3408 function_definition
3409 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
3410 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
3411 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
3412 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
3413 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3414 | function_declarator compound_statement
3415 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
3416 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
3417 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
3418 ;
3419
3420with_clause_opt:
3421 // empty
3422 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
3423 | WITH '(' type_list ')' attribute_list_opt // support scoped enumeration
3424 {
3425 $$ = $3; forall = false;
3426 if ( $5 ) {
3427 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, attributes cannot be associated with function body. Move attribute(s) before \"with\" clause." );
3428 $$ = nullptr;
3429 } // if
3430 }
3431 ;
3432
3433function_definition:
3434 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
3435 {
3436 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
3437 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
3438 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
3439 $$ = $1;
3440 }
3441 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3442 {
3443 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
3444 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
3445 }
3446 | declaration_specifier function_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3447 {
3448 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
3449 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
3450 }
3451 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3452 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3453 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3454 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3455 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3456 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3457 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3458 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3459 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3460
3461 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
3462 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3463 {
3464 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
3465 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
3466 }
3467 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3468 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3469 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3470 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3471 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3472 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3473 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3474 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3475 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3476 ;
3477
3478declarator:
3479 variable_declarator
3480 | variable_type_redeclarator
3481 | function_declarator
3482 | function_type_redeclarator
3483 ;
3484
3485subrange:
3486 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
3487 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::RangeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
3488 ;
3489
3490// **************************** ASM *****************************
3491
3492asm_name_opt: // GCC
3493 // empty
3494 { $$ = nullptr; }
3495 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
3496 {
3497 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
3498 name->asmName = maybeMoveBuild( $3 );
3499 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
3500 }
3501 ;
3502
3503// **************************** ATTRIBUTE *****************************
3504
3505attribute_list_opt: // GCC
3506 // empty
3507 { $$ = nullptr; }
3508 | attribute_list
3509 ;
3510
3511attribute_list: // GCC
3512 attribute
3513 | attribute_list attribute
3514 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3515 ;
3516
3517attribute: // GCC
3518 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
3519 { $$ = $4; }
3520 | ATTRIBUTE '(' attribute_name_list ')' // CFA
3521 { $$ = $3; }
3522 | ATTR attribute_name_list ']' // CFA, @[...]
3523 { $$ = $2; }
3524 | C23_ATTRIBUTE // C23, [[...]], see lexer
3525 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
3526 ;
3527
3528attribute_name_list: // GCC
3529 attribute_name
3530 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
3531 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3532 ;
3533
3534attribute_name: // GCC
3535 // empty
3536 { $$ = nullptr; }
3537 | attr_name
3538 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
3539 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
3540 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
3541 ;
3542
3543attr_name: // GCC
3544 identifier_or_type_name
3545 | FALLTHROUGH
3546 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
3547 | CONST
3548 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
3549 ;
3550
3551// ============================================================================
3552// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
3553// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
3554// in:
3555//
3556// int (*f())[10] { ... };
3557// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
3558//
3559// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
3560// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
3561// ============================================================================
3562
3563// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3564// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
3565// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
3566//
3567// valid declaration invalid definition
3568// ----------------- ------------------
3569// int f; int f {}
3570// int *f; int *f {}
3571// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
3572// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
3573//
3574// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
3575// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
3576// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3577
3578// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
3579// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
3580
3581paren_identifier:
3582 identifier_at
3583 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3584 | '?' identifier
3585 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "keyword parameter is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3586 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $2 ); }
3587 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
3588 { $$ = $2; }
3589 ;
3590
3591variable_declarator:
3592 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3593 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3594 | variable_ptr
3595 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
3596 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3597 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
3598 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3599 ;
3600
3601variable_ptr:
3602 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
3603 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3604 | ptrref_operator attribute_list variable_declarator
3605 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3606 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
3607 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3608 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3609 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3610 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3611 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3612 ;
3613
3614variable_array:
3615 paren_identifier array_dimension
3616 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3617 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
3618 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3619 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
3620 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3621 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3622 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3623 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3624 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3625 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3626 { $$ = $2; }
3627 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3628 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3629 ;
3630
3631variable_function:
3632 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3633 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3634 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3635 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3636 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3637 { $$ = $2; }
3638 | '(' attribute_list variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3639 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3640 ;
3641
3642// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
3643// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
3644// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3645
3646function_declarator:
3647 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
3648 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3649 | function_ptr
3650 | function_array attribute_list_opt
3651 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3652 ;
3653
3654function_no_ptr:
3655 paren_identifier '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3656 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3657 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3658 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3659 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3660 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3661 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3662 { $$ = $2; }
3663 | '(' attribute_list function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3664 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3665 ;
3666
3667function_ptr:
3668 ptrref_operator function_declarator
3669 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3670 | ptrref_operator attribute_list function_declarator
3671 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3672 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
3673 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3674 | '(' function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3675 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3676 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3677 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3678 ;
3679
3680function_array:
3681 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3682 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3683 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3684 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3685 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3686 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3687 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3688 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3689 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3690 { $$ = $2; }
3691 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3692 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3693 ;
3694
3695// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
3696//
3697// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
3698//
3699// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
3700// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3701
3702KR_function_declarator:
3703 KR_function_no_ptr
3704 | KR_function_ptr
3705 | KR_function_array
3706 ;
3707
3708KR_function_no_ptr:
3709 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
3710 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
3711 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3712 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3713 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3714 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3715 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3716 { $$ = $2; }
3717 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3718 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3719 ;
3720
3721KR_function_ptr:
3722 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
3723 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3724 | ptrref_operator attribute_list KR_function_declarator
3725 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3726 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
3727 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3728 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
3729 { $$ = $2; }
3730 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')'
3731 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3732 ;
3733
3734KR_function_array:
3735 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3736 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3737 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3738 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3739 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3740 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3741 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3742 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3743 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3744 { $$ = $2; }
3745 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3746 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3747 ;
3748
3749// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable that redefines a type name, e.g.:
3750//
3751// typedef int foo;
3752// {
3753// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
3754// }
3755
3756paren_type:
3757 typedef_name
3758 {
3759 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
3760 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "paren_type" );
3761 }
3762 | '(' paren_type ')'
3763 { $$ = $2; }
3764 ;
3765
3766variable_type_redeclarator:
3767 paren_type attribute_list_opt
3768 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3769 | variable_type_ptr
3770 | variable_type_array attribute_list_opt
3771 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3772 | variable_type_function attribute_list_opt
3773 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3774 ;
3775
3776variable_type_ptr:
3777 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
3778 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3779 | ptrref_operator attribute_list variable_type_redeclarator
3780 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3781 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
3782 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3783 | '(' variable_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3784 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3785 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3786 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3787 ;
3788
3789variable_type_array:
3790 paren_type array_dimension
3791 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3792 | '(' variable_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3793 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3794 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3795 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3796 | '(' variable_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3797 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3798 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3799 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3800 | '(' variable_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3801 { $$ = $2; }
3802 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3803 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3804 ;
3805
3806variable_type_function:
3807 '(' variable_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3808 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3809 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3810 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3811 | '(' variable_type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3812 { $$ = $2; }
3813 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3814 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3815 ;
3816
3817// This pattern parses a declaration for a function prototype that redefines a type name. It precludes declaring an
3818// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
3819// arrays and functions.
3820
3821function_type_redeclarator:
3822 function_type_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
3823 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3824 | function_type_ptr
3825 | function_type_array attribute_list_opt
3826 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3827 ;
3828
3829function_type_no_ptr:
3830 paren_type '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3831 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3832 | '(' function_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3833 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3834 | '(' attribute_list function_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3835 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3836 | '(' function_type_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3837 { $$ = $2; }
3838 | '(' attribute_list function_type_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3839 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3840 ;
3841
3842function_type_ptr:
3843 ptrref_operator function_type_redeclarator
3844 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3845 | ptrref_operator attribute_list function_type_redeclarator
3846 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3847 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_type_redeclarator
3848 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3849 | '(' function_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3850 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3851 | '(' attribute_list function_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3852 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3853 ;
3854
3855function_type_array:
3856 '(' function_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3857 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3858 | '(' attribute_list function_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3859 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3860 | '(' function_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3861 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3862 | '(' attribute_list function_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3863 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3864 | '(' function_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3865 { $$ = $2; }
3866 | '(' attribute_list function_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3867 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3868 ;
3869
3870// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
3871// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
3872// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3873// pointers to arrays and functions.
3874
3875identifier_parameter_declarator:
3876 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3877 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3878 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3879 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Mutex ) ),
3880 OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3881 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3882 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3883 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3884 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3885 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3886 ;
3887
3888identifier_parameter_ptr:
3889 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3890 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3891 | ptrref_operator attribute_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3892 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3893 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3894 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3895 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3896 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3897 ;
3898
3899identifier_parameter_array:
3900 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3901 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3902 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3903 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3904 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3905 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3906 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3907 { $$ = $2; }
3908 ;
3909
3910identifier_parameter_function:
3911 paren_identifier '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3912 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3913 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3914 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3915 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3916 { $$ = $2; }
3917 ;
3918
3919// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3920// e.g.:
3921//
3922// typedef int foo;
3923// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3924// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3925//
3926// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3927
3928type_parameter_redeclarator:
3929 typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3930 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3931 | '&' MUTEX typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3932 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Mutex ) ),
3933 OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3934 | type_parameter_ptr
3935 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3936 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3937 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3938 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3939 ;
3940
3941typedef_name:
3942 TYPEDEFname
3943 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3944 | TYPEGENname
3945 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3946 ;
3947
3948type_parameter_ptr:
3949 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3950 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3951 | ptrref_operator attribute_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3952 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3953 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3954 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3955 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3956 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3957 ;
3958
3959type_parameter_array:
3960 typedef_name array_parameter_dimension
3961 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3962 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3963 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3964 ;
3965
3966type_parameter_function:
3967 typedef_name '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3968 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3969 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3970 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3971 ;
3972
3973// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3974// which the type applies, e.g.:
3975//
3976// sizeof( int );
3977// sizeof( int * );
3978// sizeof( int [10] );
3979// sizeof( int (*)() );
3980// sizeof( int () );
3981//
3982// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3983// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3984
3985abstract_declarator:
3986 abstract_ptr
3987 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3988 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3989 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3990 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3991 ;
3992
3993abstract_ptr:
3994 ptrref_operator attribute_list_opt
3995 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3996 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3997 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3998 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3999 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4000 | ptrref_operator attribute_list abstract_declarator
4001 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ) ); }
4002 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
4003 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
4004 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
4005 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
4006 ;
4007
4008abstract_array:
4009 array_dimension
4010 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
4011 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4012 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
4013 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4014 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
4015 { $$ = $2; }
4016 ;
4017
4018abstract_function:
4019 '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4020 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $2, nullptr ); }
4021 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4022 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
4023 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
4024 { $$ = $2; }
4025 ;
4026
4027array_dimension:
4028 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
4029 '[' ']'
4030 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ); }
4031 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
4032 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
4033 // Cannot use constant_expression because of tuples => semantic check
4034 | '[' assignment_expression ',' comma_expression ']' // CFA
4035 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $2, nullptr, false )->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, nullptr, false ) ); }
4036 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array dimension is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
4037
4038 // If needed, the following parses and does not use comma_expression, so the array structure can be built.
4039 // | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' push array_dimension_list pop ']' // CFA
4040
4041 | '[' array_type_list ']' // CFA
4042 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $2, nullptr, false ); }
4043 | multi_array_dimension
4044 ;
4045
4046// array_dimension_list:
4047// assignment_expression
4048// | array_dimension_list ',' assignment_expression
4049// ;
4050
4051array_type_list:
4052 basic_type_name
4053 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
4054 | type_name
4055 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
4056 | assignment_expression upupeq assignment_expression
4057 | array_type_list ',' basic_type_name
4058 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ); }
4059 | array_type_list ',' type_name
4060 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ); }
4061 | array_type_list ',' assignment_expression upupeq assignment_expression
4062 ;
4063
4064upupeq:
4065 '~'
4066 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
4067 | ErangeUpEq
4068 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
4069 ;
4070
4071multi_array_dimension:
4072 '[' assignment_expression ']'
4073 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $2, nullptr, false ); }
4074 | '[' '*' ']' // C99
4075 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
4076 | multi_array_dimension '[' assignment_expression ']'
4077 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, nullptr, false ) ); }
4078 | multi_array_dimension '[' '*' ']' // C99
4079 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
4080 ;
4081
4082// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
4083// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
4084//
4085// int f( int ); // not handled here
4086// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4087// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4088// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4089//
4090// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
4091// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the special meaning of
4092// parenthesis around a typedef name:
4093//
4094// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
4095// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
4096// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
4097//
4098// For example:
4099//
4100// typedef float T;
4101// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
4102// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
4103// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
4104// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
4105//
4106// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
4107// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
4108// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
4109// functions.
4110
4111abstract_parameter_declarator_opt:
4112 // empty
4113 { $$ = nullptr; }
4114 | abstract_parameter_declarator
4115 ;
4116
4117abstract_parameter_declarator:
4118 abstract_parameter_ptr
4119 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
4120 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Mutex ) ),
4121 OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
4122 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
4123 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4124 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
4125 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4126 ;
4127
4128abstract_parameter_ptr:
4129 ptrref_operator attribute_list_opt
4130 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4131 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
4132 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
4133 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
4134 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4135 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
4136 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
4137 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
4138 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
4139 ;
4140
4141abstract_parameter_array:
4142 array_parameter_dimension
4143 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
4144 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4145 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
4146 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4147 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
4148 { $$ = $2; }
4149 ;
4150
4151abstract_parameter_function:
4152 '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4153 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $2, nullptr ); }
4154 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4155 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
4156 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
4157 { $$ = $2; }
4158 ;
4159
4160array_parameter_dimension:
4161 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
4162 array_parameter_1st_dimension
4163 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
4164 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
4165 | multi_array_dimension
4166 ;
4167
4168// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
4169//
4170// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
4171// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
4172
4173array_parameter_1st_dimension:
4174 '[' ']'
4175 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ); }
4176 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
4177 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
4178 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
4179 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
4180 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, $3, false ); }
4181 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
4182 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
4183 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
4184 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
4185 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
4186 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
4187 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
4188 ;
4189
4190// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
4191//
4192// struct S {
4193// int;
4194// int *;
4195// int [10];
4196// int (*)();
4197// };
4198
4199variable_abstract_declarator:
4200 variable_abstract_ptr
4201 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
4202 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4203 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
4204 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4205 ;
4206
4207variable_abstract_ptr:
4208 ptrref_operator attribute_list_opt
4209 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4210 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
4211 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
4212 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
4213 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4214 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
4215 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
4216 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
4217 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
4218 ;
4219
4220variable_abstract_array:
4221 array_dimension
4222 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
4223 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4224 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
4225 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4226 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
4227 { $$ = $2; }
4228 ;
4229
4230variable_abstract_function:
4231 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4232 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
4233 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
4234 { $$ = $2; }
4235 ;
4236
4237// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
4238// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
4239
4240cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
4241 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
4242 | cfa_abstract_tuple
4243 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
4244 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
4245 ;
4246
4247cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
4248 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4249 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
4250 | type_qualifier_list cfa_identifier_parameter_array
4251 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
4252 ;
4253
4254cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
4255 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
4256 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
4257 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4258 | ptrref_operator attribute_list type_specifier_nobody
4259 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4260 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
4261 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4262 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4263 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4264 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4265 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4266 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
4267 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4268 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
4269 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4270 ;
4271
4272cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
4273 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
4274 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
4275 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
4276 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4277 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_tuple
4278 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4279 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4280 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4281 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_abstract_tuple
4282 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4283 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4284 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4285 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_tuple
4286 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4287 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4288 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4289 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_tuple
4290 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4291 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4292 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4293 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_tuple
4294 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4295
4296 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4297 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4298 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4299 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4300 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4301 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4302 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4303 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4304 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4305 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4306 ;
4307
4308cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
4309 '[' type_qualifier_list '*' ']' // remaining C99
4310 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $2 ); }
4311 | '[' type_qualifier_list assignment_expression ']'
4312 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, $2, false ); }
4313 | '[' declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression ']'
4314 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
4315 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
4316 // appear in this context.
4317 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, $2, true ); }
4318 | '[' declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression ']'
4319 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3->addQualifiers( $2 ), true ); }
4320 ;
4321
4322// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
4323// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
4324//
4325// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
4326// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4327//
4328// These rules need LR(3):
4329//
4330// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
4331// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
4332//
4333// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
4334//
4335// [int, int] t;
4336// [int, int] f( int );
4337//
4338// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
4339// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
4340// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
4341// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
4342
4343cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
4344 cfa_abstract_tuple
4345 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
4346 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
4347 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
4348 ;
4349
4350cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
4351 cfa_abstract_ptr
4352 | cfa_abstract_array
4353 ;
4354
4355cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
4356 ptrref_operator type_specifier
4357 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4358 | ptrref_operator attribute_list type_specifier
4359 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4360 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
4361 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4362 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4363 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4364 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4365 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4366 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
4367 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4368 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
4369 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4370 ;
4371
4372cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
4373 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
4374 // empty (void) function return type.
4375 '[' ']' type_specifier
4376 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4377 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
4378 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4379 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
4380 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4381 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
4382 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4383 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
4384 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4385 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
4386 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4387 ;
4388
4389cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
4390 '[' cfa_abstract_parameter_list ']'
4391 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $2 ); }
4392 | '[' type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS ']'
4393 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
4394 | '[' type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression ']'
4395 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
4396 ;
4397
4398cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
4399 '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
4400 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
4401 | cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')'
4402 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
4403 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')'
4404 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
4405 ;
4406
4407// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
4408// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
4409//
4410// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
4411// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
4412//
4413// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
4414// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
4415//
4416// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
4417// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
4418
4419// ************************ MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
4420
4421comma_opt: // redundant comma
4422 // empty
4423 | ','
4424 ;
4425
4426default_initializer_opt:
4427 // empty
4428 { $$ = nullptr; }
4429 | '=' assignment_expression
4430 { $$ = $2; }
4431 ;
4432
4433%%
4434
4435// ----end of grammar----
4436
4437// Local Variables: //
4438// mode: c++ //
4439// tab-width: 4 //
4440// compile-command: "bison -Wcounterexamples parser.yy" //
4441// End: //
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