source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ cb7caf8

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr new-env no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum with_gc
Last change on this file since cb7caf8 was 054514d, checked in by Rob Schluntz <rschlunt@…>, 7 years ago

Merge branch 'master' of plg.uwaterloo.ca:/u/cforall/software/cfa/cfa-cc

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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Mon May 28 17:01:36 2018
13// Update Count : 3383
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
122// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
123// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
124
125void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
126 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
127 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
128 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
129 } // if
130} // rebindForall
131
132NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
133 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
134 delete name;
135 return new_name;
136} // build_postfix_name
137
138bool forall = false, xxx = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
139
140// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
141#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
142if ( N ) { \
143 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
144 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
145 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
146 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
147 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
148} else { \
149 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
150 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
151 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
152}
153%}
154
155%define parse.error verbose
156
157// Types declaration for productions
158%union
159{
160 Token tok;
161 ParseNode * pn;
162 ExpressionNode * en;
163 DeclarationNode * decl;
164 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
165 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
166 StatementNode * sn;
167 WaitForStmt * wfs;
168 Expression * constant;
169 IfCtl * ifctl;
170 ForCtl * fctl;
171 LabelNode * label;
172 InitializerNode * in;
173 OperKinds op;
174 std::string * str;
175 bool flag;
176 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
177 GenericExpr * genexpr;
178}
179
180//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
181
182// keywords
183%token TYPEDEF
184%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
185%token THREADLOCAL // C11
186%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
187%token NORETURN // C11
188%token CONST VOLATILE
189%token RESTRICT // C99
190%token ATOMIC // C11
191%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
192%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
193%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
194%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
195%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
196%token VALIST // GCC
197%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
198%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
199%token EXCEPTION // CFA
200%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
201%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
202%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
203%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
204%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
205%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
206%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
207%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
208
209// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
210%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
211%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
212%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
213%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
214%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
215// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
216// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
217// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
218%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
219
220// multi-character operators
221%token ARROW // ->
222%token ICR DECR // ++ --
223%token LS RS // << >>
224%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
225%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
226%token ELLIPSIS // ...
227
228%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
229%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
230%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
231%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
232
233%token ATassign // @=
234
235%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
236%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
237%type<tok> quasi_keyword
238%type<constant> string_literal
239%type<str> string_literal_list
240
241// expressions
242%type<en> constant
243%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
244%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
245%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
246%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
247%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
248%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
249%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
250%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
251%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
252%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
253%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
254%type<fctl> for_control_expression
255%type<en> subrange
256%type<decl> asm_name_opt
257%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
258%type<label> label_list
259%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
260%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
261%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
262%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
263
264// statements
265%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
266%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
267%type<sn> selection_statement
268%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
269%type<en> case_value
270%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
271%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
272%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
273%type<sn> with_statement
274%type<en> with_clause_opt
275%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
276%type<catch_kind> handler_key
277%type<sn> mutex_statement
278%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
279%type<sn> waitfor_statement
280%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
281
282// declarations
283%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
284%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
285%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
286
287%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
288%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
289
290%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
291
292%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
293
294%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
295
296%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
297
298%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
299%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
300
301%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
302
303%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
304%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
305
306%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
307
308%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list_opt field_declarator_opt field_declaring_list
309%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
310
311%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
312
313%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
314%type<decl> identifier_list
315
316%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
317%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
318%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
319
320%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
321
322%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
323%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
324
325%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
326%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
327
328%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
329
330%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
331
332%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
333%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
334%type<decl> KR_declaration_list KR_declaration_list_opt
335
336%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
337
338%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
339
340%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
341
342%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
343
344%type<tclass> type_class
345%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
346
347%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
348%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
349
350%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
351
352%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
353
354%type<decl> type type_no_function
355%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
356
357%type<en> type_list
358
359%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
360%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
361
362%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
363%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
364
365%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
366
367// initializers
368%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
369
370// designators
371%type<en> designator designator_list designation
372
373
374// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
375// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
376// if ( C ) S1 else S2
377// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
378// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
379
380// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
381// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
382%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
383%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
384%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
385%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
386
387// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
388// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
389// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
390// Foo ( *fp )( int );
391// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
392// Must be:
393// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
394
395// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
396%precedence TYPEGENname
397%precedence '('
398
399%locations // support location tracking for error messages
400
401%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
402
403%%
404//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
405
406// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
407// "identifier", "TYPEDEFname", and "TYPEGENname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely
408// context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs.
409// Hence, this grammar uses the ANSI style.
410//
411// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
412// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
413// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
414//
415// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
416// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
417// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
418//
419// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, an identifier can change its class in a local scope; it must revert to
420// its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each
421// declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current
422// declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype"
423// declarations).
424//
425// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of scopes. Every push must have a matching pop,
426// although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur within the same rule. These non-terminals may
427// appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point of view.
428
429push:
430 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
431 ;
432
433pop:
434 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
435 ;
436
437//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
438
439constant:
440 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
441 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
442 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
443 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
444 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
445 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
446 ;
447
448quasi_keyword: // CFA
449 TIMEOUT
450 | WOR
451 ;
452
453identifier:
454 IDENTIFIER
455 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
456 | quasi_keyword
457 ;
458
459no_attr_identifier:
460 IDENTIFIER
461 | quasi_keyword
462 ;
463
464string_literal:
465 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
466 ;
467
468string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
469 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
470 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
471 {
472 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
473 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
474 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
475 }
476 ;
477
478//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
479
480primary_expression:
481 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
482 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
483 | quasi_keyword
484 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
485 | tuple
486 | '(' comma_expression ')'
487 { $$ = $2; }
488 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
489 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
490 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
491 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
492 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
493 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
494 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
495 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
496 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
497 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
498 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
499 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
500 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
501 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
502 | type_name '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
503 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
504 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
505 {
506 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
507 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
508 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
509 }
510 ;
511
512generic_assoc_list: // C11
513 generic_association
514 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
515 {
516 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
517 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
518 delete $3;
519 $$ = $1;
520 }
521 ;
522
523generic_association: // C11
524 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
525 {
526 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
527 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
528 }
529 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
530 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
531 ;
532
533postfix_expression:
534 primary_expression
535 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
536 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
537 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
538 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
539 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
540 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
541 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
542 {
543 Token fn;
544 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
545 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
546 }
547 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
548 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
549 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
550 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
551 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
552 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
553 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
554 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
555 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
556 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
557 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
558 {
559 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
560 }
561 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
562 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
563 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
564 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
565 | postfix_expression ICR
566 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
567 | postfix_expression DECR
568 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
569 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
570 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
571 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
572 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
573 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
574 {
575 Token fn;
576 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
577 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
578 }
579 ;
580
581argument_expression_list:
582 argument_expression
583 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
584 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
585 ;
586
587argument_expression:
588 // empty
589 { $$ = nullptr; }
590 // | '@' // use default argument
591 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
592 | assignment_expression
593 ;
594
595field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
596 field
597 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
598 ;
599
600field: // CFA, tuple field selector
601 field_name
602 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
603 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
604 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_list ']'
605 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
606 | field_name '.' field
607 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
608 | field_name '.' '[' field_list ']'
609 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
610 | field_name ARROW field
611 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
612 | field_name ARROW '[' field_list ']'
613 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
614 ;
615
616field_name:
617 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
618 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
619 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
620 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
621 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
622 {
623 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
624 }
625 ;
626
627fraction_constants_opt:
628 // empty
629 { $$ = nullptr; }
630 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
631 {
632 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
633 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
634 }
635 ;
636
637unary_expression:
638 postfix_expression
639 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
640 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
641 | constant
642 { $$ = $1; }
643 | string_literal
644 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
645 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
646 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
647 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
648 // { * X; } // dereference X
649 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
650 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
651 {
652 switch ( $1 ) {
653 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
654 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
655 break;
656 case OperKinds::PointTo:
657 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
658 break;
659 case OperKinds::And:
660 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
661 break;
662 default:
663 assert( false );
664 }
665 }
666 | unary_operator cast_expression
667 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
668 | ICR unary_expression
669 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
670 | DECR unary_expression
671 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
672 | SIZEOF unary_expression
673 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
674 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
675 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
676 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
677 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
678 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
679 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
680 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
681 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
682 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
683 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
684 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
685 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
686 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
687 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
688 ;
689
690ptrref_operator:
691 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
692 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
693 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
694 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
695 ;
696
697unary_operator:
698 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
699 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
700 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
701 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
702 ;
703
704cast_expression:
705 unary_expression
706 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
707 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
708 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
709 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
710 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
711 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
712 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
713 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
714 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
715 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
716 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
717 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
718 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
719// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
720// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
721 ;
722
723exponential_expression:
724 cast_expression
725 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
726 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
727 ;
728
729multiplicative_expression:
730 exponential_expression
731 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
732 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
733 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
734 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
735 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
736 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
737 ;
738
739additive_expression:
740 multiplicative_expression
741 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
742 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
743 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
744 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
745 ;
746
747shift_expression:
748 additive_expression
749 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
750 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
751 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
752 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
753 ;
754
755relational_expression:
756 shift_expression
757 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
758 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
759 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
760 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
761 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
763 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
764 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
765 ;
766
767equality_expression:
768 relational_expression
769 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
770 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
771 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
772 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
773 ;
774
775AND_expression:
776 equality_expression
777 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
778 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
779 ;
780
781exclusive_OR_expression:
782 AND_expression
783 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
784 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
785 ;
786
787inclusive_OR_expression:
788 exclusive_OR_expression
789 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
790 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
791 ;
792
793logical_AND_expression:
794 inclusive_OR_expression
795 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
796 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
797 ;
798
799logical_OR_expression:
800 logical_AND_expression
801 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
802 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
803 ;
804
805conditional_expression:
806 logical_OR_expression
807 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
808 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
809 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
810 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
811 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
812 ;
813
814constant_expression:
815 conditional_expression
816 ;
817
818assignment_expression:
819 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
820 conditional_expression
821 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
822 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
823 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
824 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
825 ;
826
827assignment_expression_opt:
828 // empty
829 { $$ = nullptr; }
830 | assignment_expression
831 ;
832
833assignment_operator:
834 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
835 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
836 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
837 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
838 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
839 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
840 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
841 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
842 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
843 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
844 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
845 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
846 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
847 ;
848
849tuple: // CFA, tuple
850 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
851 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
852// '[' ']'
853// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
854// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
855// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
856 '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
857 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
858 | '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
859 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
860 ;
861
862tuple_expression_list:
863 assignment_expression_opt
864 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
865 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
866 ;
867
868comma_expression:
869 assignment_expression
870 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
871 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
872 ;
873
874comma_expression_opt:
875 // empty
876 { $$ = nullptr; }
877 | comma_expression
878 ;
879
880//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
881
882statement:
883 labeled_statement
884 | compound_statement
885 | expression_statement
886 | selection_statement
887 | iteration_statement
888 | jump_statement
889 | with_statement
890 | mutex_statement
891 | waitfor_statement
892 | exception_statement
893 | enable_disable_statement
894 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
895 | asm_statement
896 | DIRECTIVE
897 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
898 ;
899
900labeled_statement:
901 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
902 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
903 {
904 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
905 }
906 ;
907
908compound_statement:
909 '{' '}'
910 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
911 | '{'
912 // Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
913 // requires its own scope.
914 push push
915 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
916 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
917 pop '}'
918 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
919 ;
920
921statement_decl_list: // C99
922 statement_decl
923 | statement_decl_list push statement_decl
924 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
925 ;
926
927statement_decl:
928 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
929 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
930 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
931 {
932 distExt( $2 );
933 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
934 }
935 | function_definition
936 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
937 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
938 {
939 distExt( $2 );
940 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
941 }
942 | statement pop
943 ;
944
945statement_list_nodecl:
946 statement
947 | statement_list_nodecl statement
948 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
949 ;
950
951expression_statement:
952 comma_expression_opt ';'
953 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
954 ;
955
956selection_statement:
957 IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
958 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
959 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, nullptr ) ); }
960 | IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
961 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
962 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
963 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
964 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
965 {
966 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
967 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
968 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
969 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
970 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
971 // statement.
972 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
973 }
974 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
975 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
976 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
977 {
978 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
979 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
980 }
981 ;
982
983if_control_expression:
984 comma_expression pop
985 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
986 | c_declaration pop // no semi-colon
987 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
988 | cfa_declaration pop // no semi-colon
989 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
990 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
991 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
992 ;
993
994// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
995// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
996
997case_value: // CFA
998 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
999 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1000 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1001 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1002 ;
1003
1004case_value_list: // CFA
1005 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1006 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1007 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1008 ;
1009
1010case_label: // CFA
1011 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1012 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1013 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1014 ;
1015
1016//label_list_opt:
1017// // empty
1018// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1019// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1020// ;
1021
1022case_label_list: // CFA
1023 case_label
1024 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1025 ;
1026
1027case_clause: // CFA
1028 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1029 ;
1030
1031switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1032 // empty
1033 { $$ = nullptr; }
1034 | switch_clause_list
1035 ;
1036
1037switch_clause_list: // CFA
1038 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1039 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1040 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1041 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1042 ;
1043
1044iteration_statement:
1045 WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
1046 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
1047 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1048 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
1049 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
1050 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1051 ;
1052
1053for_control_expression:
1054 comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1055 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
1056 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1057 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1058 ;
1059
1060jump_statement:
1061 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1062 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1063 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1064 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1065 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1066 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1067 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1068 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1069 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1070 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1071 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1072 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1073 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1074 | CONTINUE ';'
1075 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1076 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1077 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1078 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1079 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1080 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1081 | BREAK ';'
1082 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1083 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1084 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1085 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1086 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1087 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1088 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1089 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1090 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1091 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1092 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1093 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1094 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1095 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1096 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1097 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1098 ;
1099
1100fall_through_name: // CFA
1101 FALLTHRU
1102 | FALLTHROUGH
1103 ;
1104
1105with_statement:
1106 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1107 {
1108 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1109 }
1110 ;
1111
1112// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1113mutex_statement:
1114 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1115 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1116 ;
1117
1118when_clause:
1119 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1120 ;
1121
1122when_clause_opt:
1123 // empty
1124 { $$ = nullptr; }
1125 | when_clause
1126 ;
1127
1128waitfor:
1129 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1130 {
1131 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1132 delete $3;
1133 }
1134 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1135 {
1136 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1137 $$->set_last( $5 );
1138 delete $3;
1139 }
1140 ;
1141
1142timeout:
1143 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1144 ;
1145
1146waitfor_clause:
1147 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1148 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1149 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1150 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1151 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1152 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1153 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1154 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1155 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1156 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1157 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1158 ;
1159
1160waitfor_statement:
1161 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1162 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1163 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1164 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1165 ;
1166
1167exception_statement:
1168 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1169 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1170 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1171 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1172 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1173 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1174 ;
1175
1176handler_clause:
1177 handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1178 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $5, $7, $9 ) ); }
1179 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1180 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $6, $8, $10 ) ) ); }
1181 ;
1182
1183handler_predicate_opt:
1184 // empty
1185 { $$ = nullptr; }
1186 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1187 ;
1188
1189handler_key:
1190 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1191 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1192 ;
1193
1194finally_clause:
1195 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1196 ;
1197
1198exception_declaration:
1199 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1200 type_specifier_nobody
1201 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1202 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1203 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1204 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1205 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1206 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1207 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1208 ;
1209
1210enable_disable_statement:
1211 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1212 ;
1213
1214enable_disable_key:
1215 ENABLE
1216 | DISABLE
1217 ;
1218
1219asm_statement:
1220 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1221 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1222 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1223 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1224 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1225 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1226 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1227 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1228 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1229 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1230 ;
1231
1232asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1233 // empty
1234 { $$ = false; }
1235 | VOLATILE
1236 { $$ = true; }
1237 ;
1238
1239asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1240 // empty
1241 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1242 | asm_operands_list
1243 ;
1244
1245asm_operands_list: // GCC
1246 asm_operand
1247 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1248 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1249 ;
1250
1251asm_operand: // GCC
1252 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1253 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1254 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1255 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1256 ;
1257
1258asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1259 // empty
1260 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1261 | string_literal
1262 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1263 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1264 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1265 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1266 ;
1267
1268label_list:
1269 no_attr_identifier
1270 {
1271 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1272 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1273 }
1274 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1275 {
1276 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1277 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1278 }
1279 ;
1280
1281//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1282
1283declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1284 pop // empty
1285 { $$ = nullptr; }
1286 | declaration_list
1287 ;
1288
1289declaration_list:
1290 declaration
1291 | declaration_list push declaration
1292 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1293 ;
1294
1295KR_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1296 // empty
1297 { $$ = nullptr; }
1298 | KR_declaration_list
1299 ;
1300
1301KR_declaration_list:
1302 push c_declaration pop ';'
1303 { $$ = $2; }
1304 | KR_declaration_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1305 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1306 ;
1307
1308local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1309 // empty
1310 | local_label_declaration_list
1311 ;
1312
1313local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1314 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1315 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1316 ;
1317
1318local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1319 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1320 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1321 ;
1322
1323declaration: // old & new style declarations
1324 c_declaration pop ';'
1325 | cfa_declaration pop ';' // CFA
1326 | static_assert
1327 ;
1328
1329static_assert:
1330 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1331 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1332
1333// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1334// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1335// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1336// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1337// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1338// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1339//
1340// CFA C
1341// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1342// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1343
1344cfa_declaration: // CFA
1345 cfa_variable_declaration
1346 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1347 | cfa_function_declaration
1348 | type_declaring_list
1349 | trait_specifier
1350 ;
1351
1352cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1353 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1354 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1355 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1356 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1357 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1358 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1359 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1360 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1361 ;
1362
1363cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1364 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1365 // storage-class
1366 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1367 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1368 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1369 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1370 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1371 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1372 ;
1373
1374cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1375 cfa_function_specifier
1376 { $$ = $1; }
1377 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1378 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1379 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1380 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1381 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1382 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1383 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1384 {
1385 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1386 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1387 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1388 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1389 }
1390 ;
1391
1392cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1393// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1394// {
1395// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1396// }
1397// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1398// {
1399// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1400// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1401// }
1402// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1403// {
1404// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1405// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1406// }
1407// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1408 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1409 //
1410 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1411 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1412 //
1413 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1414 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1415 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1416 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1417 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1418 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1419 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1420 ;
1421
1422cfa_function_return: // CFA
1423 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1424 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1425 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1426 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1427 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1428 ;
1429
1430cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1431 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1432 {
1433 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname );
1434 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1435 }
1436 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1437 {
1438 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname );
1439 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1440 }
1441 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1442 {
1443 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname );
1444 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1445 }
1446 ;
1447
1448// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1449// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1450
1451typedef_declaration:
1452 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1453 {
1454 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname );
1455 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1456 }
1457 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1458 {
1459 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname );
1460 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1461 }
1462 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1463 {
1464 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname );
1465 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1466 }
1467 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1468 {
1469 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname );
1470 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1471 }
1472 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1473 {
1474 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname );
1475 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1476 }
1477 ;
1478
1479typedef_expression:
1480 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1481 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1482 {
1483 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1484 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1485 }
1486 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1487 {
1488 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1489 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1490 }
1491 ;
1492
1493//c_declaration:
1494// declaring_list pop ';'
1495// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1496// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1497// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1498// ;
1499//
1500//declaring_list:
1501// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1502// // storage-class
1503// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1504// {
1505// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1506// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1507// }
1508// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1509// {
1510// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1511// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1512// }
1513// ;
1514
1515c_declaration:
1516 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1517 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1518 | typedef_declaration
1519 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1520 | sue_declaration_specifier
1521 ;
1522
1523declaring_list:
1524 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1525 // storage-class
1526 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1527 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1528 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1529 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1530 ;
1531
1532declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1533 basic_declaration_specifier
1534 | sue_declaration_specifier
1535 | type_declaration_specifier
1536 ;
1537
1538declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1539 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1540 //
1541 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1542 //
1543 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1544 basic_declaration_specifier
1545 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1546 | type_declaration_specifier
1547 ;
1548
1549type_specifier: // type specifier
1550 basic_type_specifier
1551 | sue_type_specifier
1552 | type_type_specifier
1553 ;
1554
1555type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1556 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1557 //
1558 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1559 //
1560 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1561 basic_type_specifier
1562 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1563 | type_type_specifier
1564 ;
1565
1566type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1567 // empty
1568 { $$ = nullptr; }
1569 | type_qualifier_list
1570 ;
1571
1572type_qualifier_list:
1573 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1574 //
1575 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1576 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1577 // appeared only once.
1578 type_qualifier
1579 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1580 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1581 ;
1582
1583type_qualifier:
1584 type_qualifier_name
1585 | attribute
1586 ;
1587
1588type_qualifier_name:
1589 CONST
1590 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1591 | RESTRICT
1592 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1593 | VOLATILE
1594 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1595 | ATOMIC
1596 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1597 | forall
1598 ;
1599
1600forall:
1601 FORALL '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' // CFA
1602 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 ); }
1603 ;
1604
1605declaration_qualifier_list:
1606 storage_class_list
1607 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1608 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1609 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1610 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1611 ;
1612
1613storage_class_list:
1614 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1615 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1616 //
1617 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1618 // specifiers in a declaration.
1619 storage_class
1620 | storage_class_list storage_class
1621 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1622 ;
1623
1624storage_class:
1625 EXTERN
1626 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1627 | STATIC
1628 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1629 | AUTO
1630 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1631 | REGISTER
1632 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1633 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1634 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1635 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1636 | INLINE // C99
1637 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1638 | FORTRAN // C99
1639 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1640 | NORETURN // C11
1641 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1642 ;
1643
1644basic_type_name:
1645 VOID
1646 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1647 | BOOL // C99
1648 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1649 | CHAR
1650 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1651 | INT
1652 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1653 | INT128
1654 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1655 | FLOAT
1656 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1657 | FLOAT80
1658 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1659 | FLOAT128
1660 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1661 | DOUBLE
1662 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1663 | COMPLEX // C99
1664 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1665 | IMAGINARY // C99
1666 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1667 | SIGNED
1668 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1669 | UNSIGNED
1670 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1671 | SHORT
1672 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1673 | LONG
1674 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1675 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1676 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1677 ;
1678
1679basic_declaration_specifier:
1680 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1681 basic_type_specifier
1682 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1683 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1684 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1685 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1686 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1687 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1688 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1689 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1690 ;
1691
1692basic_type_specifier:
1693 direct_type
1694 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1695 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1696 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1697 ;
1698
1699direct_type:
1700 basic_type_name
1701 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1702 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1703 | direct_type type_qualifier
1704 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1705 | direct_type basic_type_name
1706 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1707 ;
1708
1709indirect_type:
1710 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1711 { $$ = $3; }
1712 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1713 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1714 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1715 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1716 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1717 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1718 | ZERO_T // CFA
1719 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1720 | ONE_T // CFA
1721 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1722 ;
1723
1724sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1725 sue_type_specifier
1726 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1727 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1728 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1729 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1730 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1731 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1732 ;
1733
1734sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1735 elaborated_type
1736 | type_qualifier_list
1737 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1738 elaborated_type
1739 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1740 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1741 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1742 ;
1743
1744sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1745 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1746 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1747 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1748 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1749 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1750 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1751 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1752 ;
1753
1754sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1755 elaborated_type_nobody
1756 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1757 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1758 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1759 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1760 ;
1761
1762type_declaration_specifier:
1763 type_type_specifier
1764 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1765 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1766 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1767 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1768 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1769 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1770 ;
1771
1772type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1773 type_name
1774 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1775 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1776 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1777 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1778 ;
1779
1780type_name:
1781 TYPEDEFname
1782 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1783 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1784 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ); } // FIX ME
1785 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1786 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ); } // FIX ME
1787 | typegen_name
1788 | '.' typegen_name
1789 { $$ = $2; } // FIX ME
1790 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1791 { $$ = $3; } // FIX ME
1792 ;
1793
1794typegen_name: // CFA
1795 TYPEGENname
1796 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1797 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1798 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1799 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1800 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1801 ;
1802
1803elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1804 aggregate_type
1805 | enum_type
1806 ;
1807
1808elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1809 aggregate_type_nobody
1810 | enum_type_nobody
1811 ;
1812
1813aggregate_type: // struct, union
1814 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1815 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1816 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1817 {
1818 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); // create typedef
1819 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1820 forall = false; // reset
1821 }
1822 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1823 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1824 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' // CFA
1825 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1826 | aggregate_type_nobody
1827 ;
1828
1829aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1830 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1831 {
1832 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1833 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1834 forall = false; // reset
1835 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1836 }
1837 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname
1838 {
1839 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1840 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1841 }
1842 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt typegen_name // CFA
1843 {
1844 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1845 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1846 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1847 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1848 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1849 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1850 delete $3;
1851 }
1852 ;
1853
1854aggregate_key:
1855 STRUCT
1856 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1857 | UNION
1858 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1859 | EXCEPTION
1860 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
1861 | COROUTINE
1862 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1863 | MONITOR
1864 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1865 | THREAD
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1867 ;
1868
1869field_declaration_list_opt:
1870 // empty
1871 { $$ = nullptr; }
1872 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
1873 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1874 ;
1875
1876field_declaration:
1877 cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1878 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1879 {
1880 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
1881 $$ = $2;
1882 }
1883 | type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1884 {
1885 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1886 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1887 {
1888 distExt( $3 ); // mark all fields in list
1889 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 );
1890 }
1891 | static_assert
1892 ;
1893
1894cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1895 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1896 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1897 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1898 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1899 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1900 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1901 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1902 ;
1903
1904field_declaring_list:
1905 field_declarator_opt
1906 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator_opt
1907 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1908 ;
1909
1910field_declarator_opt:
1911 // empty
1912 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1913 // '@'
1914 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1915 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1916 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1917 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1918 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1919 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1920 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1921 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1922 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1923 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1924 ;
1925
1926bit_subrange_size_opt:
1927 // empty
1928 { $$ = nullptr; }
1929 | bit_subrange_size
1930 { $$ = $1; }
1931 ;
1932
1933bit_subrange_size:
1934 ':' constant_expression
1935 { $$ = $2; }
1936 ;
1937
1938enum_type: // enum
1939 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1940 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1941 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1942 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1943 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1944 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1945 | enum_type_nobody
1946 ;
1947
1948enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1949 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1950 {
1951 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1952 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1953 }
1954 ;
1955
1956enumerator_list:
1957 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1958 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
1959 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1960 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
1961 ;
1962
1963enumerator_value_opt:
1964 // empty
1965 { $$ = nullptr; }
1966 | '=' constant_expression
1967 { $$ = $2; }
1968 ;
1969
1970cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
1971 // empty
1972 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1973 | ELLIPSIS
1974 { $$ = nullptr; }
1975 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1976 | cfa_parameter_list
1977 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1978 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1979 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1980 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1981 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1982 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1983 ;
1984
1985cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
1986 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
1987 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
1988 cfa_parameter_declaration
1989 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1990 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1991 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1992 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1993 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1994 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
1995 ;
1996
1997cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
1998 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
1999 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2000 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2001 ;
2002
2003parameter_type_list_opt:
2004 // empty
2005 { $$ = nullptr; }
2006 | ELLIPSIS
2007 { $$ = nullptr; }
2008 | parameter_list
2009 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2010 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2011 ;
2012
2013parameter_list: // abstract + real
2014 abstract_parameter_declaration
2015 | parameter_declaration
2016 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2017 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2018 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2019 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2020 ;
2021
2022// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2023// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2024
2025cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2026 parameter_declaration
2027 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2028 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2029 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2030 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2031 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2032 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2033 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2034 | cfa_function_specifier
2035 ;
2036
2037cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2038 abstract_parameter_declaration
2039 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2040 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2041 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2042 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2043 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2044 | cfa_abstract_function
2045 ;
2046
2047parameter_declaration:
2048 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2049 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2050 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2051 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2052 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2053 ;
2054
2055abstract_parameter_declaration:
2056 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2057 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2058 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2059 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2060 ;
2061
2062// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2063// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2064// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2065
2066identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2067 no_attr_identifier
2068 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2069 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2070 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2071 ;
2072
2073identifier_or_type_name:
2074 identifier
2075 | TYPEDEFname
2076 | TYPEGENname
2077 ;
2078
2079no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2080 no_attr_identifier
2081 | TYPEDEFname
2082 | TYPEGENname
2083 ;
2084
2085type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2086 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2087 | type_specifier
2088 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2089 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2090 ;
2091
2092type: // typeof, assertion
2093 type_no_function
2094 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2095 ;
2096
2097initializer_opt:
2098 // empty
2099 { $$ = nullptr; }
2100 | '=' initializer
2101 { $$ = $2; }
2102 | '=' VOID
2103 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2104 | ATassign initializer
2105 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2106 ;
2107
2108initializer:
2109 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2110 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2111 ;
2112
2113initializer_list_opt:
2114 // empty
2115 { $$ = nullptr; }
2116 | initializer
2117 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2118 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2119 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2120 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2121 ;
2122
2123// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2124// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2125//
2126// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2127//
2128// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2129// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2130// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2131// shift/reduce conflicts
2132
2133designation:
2134 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2135 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2136 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2137 ;
2138
2139designator_list: // C99
2140 designator
2141 | designator_list designator
2142 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2143 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2144 ;
2145
2146designator:
2147 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2148 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2149 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2150 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2151 { $$ = $3; }
2152 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2153 { $$ = $3; }
2154 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2155 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2156 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2157 { $$ = $4; }
2158 ;
2159
2160// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2161// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2162//
2163// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2164//
2165// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2166// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2167// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2168//
2169// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2170// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2171//
2172// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2173// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2174// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2175// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2176// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2177
2178type_parameter_list: // CFA
2179 type_parameter
2180 { $$ = $1; }
2181 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2182 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2183 ;
2184
2185type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2186 // empty
2187 { $$ = nullptr; }
2188 | '=' type
2189 { $$ = $2; }
2190 ;
2191
2192type_parameter: // CFA
2193 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2194 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname ); }
2195 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2196 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2197 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2198 | assertion_list
2199 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2200 ;
2201
2202type_class: // CFA
2203 OTYPE
2204 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2205 | DTYPE
2206 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2207 | FTYPE
2208 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2209 | TTYPE
2210 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2211 ;
2212
2213assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2214 // empty
2215 { $$ = nullptr; }
2216 | assertion_list
2217 ;
2218
2219assertion_list: // CFA
2220 assertion
2221 | assertion_list assertion
2222 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2223 ;
2224
2225assertion: // CFA
2226 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2227 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2228 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2229 { $$ = $4; }
2230 | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2231 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2232 ;
2233
2234type_list: // CFA
2235 type
2236 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2237 | assignment_expression
2238 | type_list ',' type
2239 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2240 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2241 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2242 ;
2243
2244type_declaring_list: // CFA
2245 OTYPE type_declarator
2246 { $$ = $2; }
2247 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2248 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2249 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2250 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2251 ;
2252
2253type_declarator: // CFA
2254 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2255 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2256 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2257 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2258 ;
2259
2260type_declarator_name: // CFA
2261 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2262 {
2263 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname );
2264 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2265 }
2266 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
2267 {
2268 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname );
2269 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
2270 }
2271 ;
2272
2273trait_specifier: // CFA
2274 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
2275 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 ); }
2276 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2277 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 ); }
2278 ;
2279
2280trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2281 trait_declaration
2282 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2283 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2284 ;
2285
2286trait_declaration: // CFA
2287 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2288 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2289 ;
2290
2291cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2292 cfa_variable_specifier
2293 | cfa_function_specifier
2294 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2295 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2296 ;
2297
2298trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2299 type_specifier declarator
2300 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2301 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2302 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2303 ;
2304
2305//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2306
2307translation_unit:
2308 // empty
2309 {} // empty input file
2310 | external_definition_list
2311 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2312 ;
2313
2314external_definition_list:
2315 external_definition
2316 | external_definition_list
2317 { forall = xxx; }
2318 push external_definition
2319 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $4 ) : $4; }
2320 ;
2321
2322external_definition_list_opt:
2323 // empty
2324 { $$ = nullptr; }
2325 | external_definition_list
2326 ;
2327
2328external_definition:
2329 declaration
2330 | external_function_definition
2331 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2332 {
2333 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2334 }
2335 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2336 {
2337 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2338 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2339 }
2340 '{' external_definition_list_opt '}'
2341 {
2342 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2343 linkageStack.pop();
2344 $$ = $5;
2345 }
2346 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2347 {
2348 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2349 $$ = $2;
2350 }
2351 | type_qualifier_list
2352 { if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; } // remember generic type
2353 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2354 {
2355 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2356 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2357 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2358 } // if
2359 } // for
2360 xxx = false;
2361 delete $1;
2362 $$ = $5;
2363 }
2364 | declaration_qualifier_list
2365 { if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; } // remember generic type
2366 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2367 {
2368 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2369 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2370 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2371 } // if
2372 } // for
2373 xxx = false;
2374 delete $1;
2375 $$ = $5;
2376 }
2377 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2378 {
2379 // forall must be in the type_qualifier_list
2380 if ( $2->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2381 }
2382 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2383 {
2384 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $6; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2385 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) && isMangled( $2->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2386 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2387 iter->addQualifiers( $2->clone() );
2388 } // if
2389 } // for
2390 xxx = false;
2391 delete $1;
2392 delete $2;
2393 $$ = $6;
2394 }
2395 ;
2396
2397external_function_definition:
2398 function_definition
2399 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2400 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2401 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2402 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2403 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2404 | function_declarator compound_statement
2405 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2406 | KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
2407 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2408 ;
2409
2410with_clause_opt:
2411 // empty
2412 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2413 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2414 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2415 ;
2416
2417function_definition:
2418 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2419 {
2420 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2421 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2422 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2423 $$ = $1;
2424 }
2425 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2426 {
2427 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2428 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2429 }
2430 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2431 {
2432 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2433 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2434 }
2435 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2436 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2437 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2438 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2439 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2440 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2441 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2442 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2443 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2444
2445 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2446 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2447 {
2448 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2449 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2450 }
2451 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2452 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2453 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2454 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2455 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2456 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2457 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2458 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2459 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2460 ;
2461
2462declarator:
2463 variable_declarator
2464 | variable_type_redeclarator
2465 | function_declarator
2466 ;
2467
2468subrange:
2469 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2470 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2471 ;
2472
2473asm_name_opt: // GCC
2474 // empty
2475 { $$ = nullptr; }
2476 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2477 {
2478 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2479 name->asmName = $3;
2480 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2481 }
2482 ;
2483
2484attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2485 // empty
2486 { $$ = nullptr; }
2487 | attribute_list
2488 ;
2489
2490attribute_list: // GCC
2491 attribute
2492 | attribute_list attribute
2493 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2494 ;
2495
2496attribute: // GCC
2497 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2498 { $$ = $4; }
2499 ;
2500
2501attribute_name_list: // GCC
2502 attribute_name
2503 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2504 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2505 ;
2506
2507attribute_name: // GCC
2508 // empty
2509 { $$ = nullptr; }
2510 | attr_name
2511 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2512 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2513 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2514 ;
2515
2516attr_name: // GCC
2517 IDENTIFIER
2518 | quasi_keyword
2519 | TYPEDEFname
2520 | TYPEGENname
2521 | FALLTHROUGH
2522 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2523 | CONST
2524 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2525 ;
2526
2527// ============================================================================
2528// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2529// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2530// in:
2531//
2532// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2533// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2534//
2535// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2536// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2537// ============================================================================
2538
2539// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2540// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2541// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2542//
2543// valid declaration invalid definition
2544// ----------------- ------------------
2545// int f; int f {}
2546// int *f; int *f {}
2547// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2548// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2549//
2550// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2551// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2552// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2553
2554// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2555// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2556
2557variable_declarator:
2558 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2559 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2560 | variable_ptr
2561 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2562 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2563 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2564 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2565 ;
2566
2567paren_identifier:
2568 identifier
2569 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2570 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2571 { $$ = $2; }
2572 ;
2573
2574variable_ptr:
2575 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2576 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2577 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2578 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2579 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2580 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2581 ;
2582
2583variable_array:
2584 paren_identifier array_dimension
2585 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2586 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2587 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2588 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2589 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2590 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2591 { $$ = $2; }
2592 ;
2593
2594variable_function:
2595 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2596 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2597 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2598 { $$ = $2; }
2599 ;
2600
2601// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2602// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2603// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2604
2605function_declarator:
2606 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2607 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2608 | function_ptr
2609 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2610 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2611 ;
2612
2613function_no_ptr:
2614 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2615 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2616 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2617 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2618 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2619 { $$ = $2; }
2620 ;
2621
2622function_ptr:
2623 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2624 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2625 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2626 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2627 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2628 { $$ = $2; }
2629 ;
2630
2631function_array:
2632 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2633 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2634 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2635 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2636 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2637 { $$ = $2; }
2638 ;
2639
2640// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2641//
2642// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2643//
2644// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2645// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2646
2647KR_function_declarator:
2648 KR_function_no_ptr
2649 | KR_function_ptr
2650 | KR_function_array
2651 ;
2652
2653KR_function_no_ptr:
2654 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2655 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2656 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2657 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2658 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2659 { $$ = $2; }
2660 ;
2661
2662KR_function_ptr:
2663 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2664 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2665 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2666 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2667 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2668 { $$ = $2; }
2669 ;
2670
2671KR_function_array:
2672 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2673 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2674 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2675 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2676 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2677 { $$ = $2; }
2678 ;
2679
2680// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2681//
2682// typedef int foo;
2683// {
2684// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2685// }
2686//
2687// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2688// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2689
2690variable_type_redeclarator:
2691 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2692 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2693 | type_ptr
2694 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2695 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2696 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2697 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2698 ;
2699
2700paren_type:
2701 typedef
2702 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2703 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER ); }
2704 | '(' paren_type ')'
2705 { $$ = $2; }
2706 ;
2707
2708type_ptr:
2709 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2710 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2711 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2712 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2713 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2714 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2715 ;
2716
2717type_array:
2718 paren_type array_dimension
2719 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2720 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2721 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2722 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2723 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2724 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2725 { $$ = $2; }
2726 ;
2727
2728type_function:
2729 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2730 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2731 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2732 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2733 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2734 { $$ = $2; }
2735 ;
2736
2737// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2738// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2739// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2740// pointers to arrays and functions.
2741
2742identifier_parameter_declarator:
2743 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2744 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2745 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2746 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2747 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2748 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2749 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2750 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2751 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2752 ;
2753
2754identifier_parameter_ptr:
2755 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2756 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2757 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2758 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2759 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2760 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2761 ;
2762
2763identifier_parameter_array:
2764 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2765 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2766 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2767 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2768 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2769 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2770 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2771 { $$ = $2; }
2772 ;
2773
2774identifier_parameter_function:
2775 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2776 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2777 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2778 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2779 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2780 { $$ = $2; }
2781 ;
2782
2783// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2784// e.g.:
2785//
2786// typedef int foo;
2787// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2788// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2789//
2790// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2791
2792type_parameter_redeclarator:
2793 typedef attribute_list_opt
2794 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2795 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2796 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2797 | type_parameter_ptr
2798 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2799 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2800 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2801 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2802 ;
2803
2804typedef:
2805 TYPEDEFname
2806 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2807 | TYPEGENname
2808 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2809 ;
2810
2811type_parameter_ptr:
2812 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2813 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2814 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2815 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2816 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2817 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2818 ;
2819
2820type_parameter_array:
2821 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2822 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2823 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2824 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2825 ;
2826
2827type_parameter_function:
2828 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2829 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2830 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2831 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2832 ;
2833
2834// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2835// which the type applies, e.g.:
2836//
2837// sizeof( int );
2838// sizeof( int * );
2839// sizeof( int [10] );
2840// sizeof( int (*)() );
2841// sizeof( int () );
2842//
2843// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2844// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2845
2846abstract_declarator:
2847 abstract_ptr
2848 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2849 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2850 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2851 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2852 ;
2853
2854abstract_ptr:
2855 ptrref_operator
2856 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2857 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2858 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2859 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2860 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2861 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2862 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2863 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2864 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2865 ;
2866
2867abstract_array:
2868 array_dimension
2869 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2870 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2871 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2872 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2873 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2874 { $$ = $2; }
2875 ;
2876
2877abstract_function:
2878 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2879 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2880 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2881 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2882 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2883 { $$ = $2; }
2884 ;
2885
2886array_dimension:
2887 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2888 '[' ']'
2889 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2890 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2891 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2892 | multi_array_dimension
2893 ;
2894
2895multi_array_dimension:
2896 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2897 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2898 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2899 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2900 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2901 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2902 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2903 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2904 ;
2905
2906// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2907// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2908//
2909// int f( int ); // not handled here
2910// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2911// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2912// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2913//
2914// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2915// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2916// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2917//
2918// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2919// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2920// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2921//
2922// For example:
2923//
2924// typedef float T;
2925// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2926// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2927// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2928// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2929//
2930// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2931// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2932// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2933// functions.
2934
2935abstract_parameter_declarator:
2936 abstract_parameter_ptr
2937 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2938 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2939 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2940 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2941 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2942 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2943 ;
2944
2945abstract_parameter_ptr:
2946 ptrref_operator
2947 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
2948 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2949 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2950 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
2951 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
2952 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
2953 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2954 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2955 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2956 ;
2957
2958abstract_parameter_array:
2959 array_parameter_dimension
2960 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2961 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2962 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2963 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2964 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2965 { $$ = $2; }
2966 ;
2967
2968abstract_parameter_function:
2969 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2970 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2971 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2972 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2973 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2974 { $$ = $2; }
2975 ;
2976
2977array_parameter_dimension:
2978 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
2979 array_parameter_1st_dimension
2980 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
2981 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2982 | multi_array_dimension
2983 ;
2984
2985// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
2986//
2987// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
2988// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
2989
2990array_parameter_1st_dimension:
2991 '[' ']'
2992 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2993 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
2994 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
2995 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
2996 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
2997 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
2998 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
2999 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3000 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3001 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3002 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3003 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3004 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3005 ;
3006
3007// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3008//
3009// struct S {
3010// int;
3011// int *;
3012// int [10];
3013// int (*)();
3014// };
3015
3016variable_abstract_declarator:
3017 variable_abstract_ptr
3018 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3019 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3020 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3021 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3022 ;
3023
3024variable_abstract_ptr:
3025 ptrref_operator
3026 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3027 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3028 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3029 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3030 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3031 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3032 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3033 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3034 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3035 ;
3036
3037variable_abstract_array:
3038 array_dimension
3039 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3040 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3041 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3042 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3043 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3044 { $$ = $2; }
3045 ;
3046
3047variable_abstract_function:
3048 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3049 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3050 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3051 { $$ = $2; }
3052 ;
3053
3054// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3055// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3056
3057cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3058 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3059 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3060 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3061 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3062 ;
3063
3064cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3065 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3066 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3067 ;
3068
3069cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3070 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3071 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3072 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3073 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3074 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3075 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3076 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3077 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3078 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3079 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3080 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3081 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3082 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3083 ;
3084
3085cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3086 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3087 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3088 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3089 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3090 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3091 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3092 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3093 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3094 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3095 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3096 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3097 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3098
3099 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3100 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3101 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3102 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3103 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3104 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3105 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3106 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3107 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3108 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3109 ;
3110
3111cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3112 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3113 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3114 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3115 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3116 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3117 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3118 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3119 // appear in this context.
3120 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3121 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3122 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3123 ;
3124
3125// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3126// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3127//
3128// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3129// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3130//
3131// These rules need LR(3):
3132//
3133// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3134// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3135//
3136// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3137//
3138// [int, int] t;
3139// [int, int] f( int );
3140//
3141// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3142// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3143// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3144// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3145
3146cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3147 cfa_abstract_tuple
3148 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3149 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3150 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3151 ;
3152
3153cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3154 cfa_abstract_ptr
3155 | cfa_abstract_array
3156 ;
3157
3158cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3159 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3160 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3161 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3162 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3163 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3164 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3165 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3166 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3167 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3168 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3169 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3170 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3171 ;
3172
3173cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3174 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3175 // empty (void) function return type.
3176 '[' ']' type_specifier
3177 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3178 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3179 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3180 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3181 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3182 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3183 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3184 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3185 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3186 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3187 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3188 ;
3189
3190cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3191 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3192 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3193 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS ']'
3194 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3195 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression ']'
3196 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3197 ;
3198
3199cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3200// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3201// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3202 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3203 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3204 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3205 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3206 ;
3207
3208// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3209// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3210//
3211// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3212// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3213//
3214// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3215// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3216//
3217// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3218// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3219
3220//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3221
3222comma_opt: // redundant comma
3223 // empty
3224 | ','
3225 ;
3226
3227default_initialize_opt:
3228 // empty
3229 { $$ = nullptr; }
3230 | '=' assignment_expression
3231 { $$ = $2; }
3232 ;
3233
3234%%
3235// ----end of grammar----
3236
3237// Local Variables: //
3238// mode: c++ //
3239// tab-width: 4 //
3240// compile-command: "make install" //
3241// End: //
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