source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ b200492

ADT ast-experimental enum forall-pointer-decay pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since b200492 was efc8f3e, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 4 years ago

change loop default-block for while/do/for to Python style
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 146.4 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Fri Oct 15 09:20:17 2021
13// Update Count : 5163
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// This incompatibility is discussed in detail before the "designation" grammar rule. Most of the syntactic extensions
31// from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11".
32
33// This grammar also has two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions. All of the
34// syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall (CFA), which
35// fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the syntactic
36// extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA".
37
38%{
39#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT( yylval ) // lexer loads this up each time
40#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
41#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
42
43#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
44
45#include <cstdio>
46#include <stack>
47using namespace std;
48
49#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
50#include "ParseNode.h"
51#include "TypedefTable.h"
52#include "TypeData.h"
53#include "SynTree/LinkageSpec.h"
54#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
55#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
56
57extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
58extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
59extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
60
61stack<LinkageSpec::Spec> linkageStack;
62
63bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
64 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
65 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
66 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
67 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
68 //
69 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
70 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
71 // e.g., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
72
73 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
74 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
75 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
76 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
77 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
78 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
79 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
80 } // if
81 } else {
82 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
83 to = "u8" + to;
84 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
85 } else {
86 to = from[0] + to;
87 } // if
88 } // if
89 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
90 } // if
91 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
92 return true;
93} // appendStr
94
95DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
96 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
97 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
98 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
99 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
100 } // for
101 declList->addType( cl );
102 return declList;
103} // distAttr
104
105void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
106 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
107 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
108 iter->set_extension( true );
109 } // for
110} // distExt
111
112void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
113 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
114 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
115 iter->set_inLine( true );
116 } // for
117} // distInl
118
119void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
120 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
121 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
122 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
123 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
124 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
125 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
126 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
127 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
128 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
129 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
130 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
131 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
132 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
133 DeclarationNode newnode;
134 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
135 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
136 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
137 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
138 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
139 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
140 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
141 } // if
142 } else { // just SC qualifiers
143 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
144 } // if
145 } // for
146 delete qualifiers;
147} // distQual
148
149// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
150// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
151// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
152// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
153// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
154// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
155// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
156
157void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
158 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
159 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
160 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
161 } // if
162} // rebindForall
163
164string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
165 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
166 return name;
167} // build_postfix_name
168
169DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
170 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
171 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
172 stringstream ss;
173 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
174 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
175 return nullptr;
176 } // if
177 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
178 } // if
179 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
180} // fieldDecl
181
182ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
183 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
184 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
185 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
186 } // if
187// type = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( "__for_control_index_constraints__" ) ) ), type ) );
188 return new ForCtrl(
189 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
190 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
191 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
192 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
193 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
194} // forCtrl
195
196ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
197 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
198 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
199 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
200 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
201 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
202 } else {
203 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
204 } // if
205 } else {
206 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
207 } // if
208} // forCtrl
209
210bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
211
212// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
213#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
214if ( N ) { \
215 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
216 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
217 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
218 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
219 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
220} else { \
221 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
222 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
223 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
224}
225%}
226
227%define parse.error verbose
228
229// Types declaration for productions
230%union {
231 Token tok;
232 ParseNode * pn;
233 ExpressionNode * en;
234 DeclarationNode * decl;
235 AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
236 TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
237 StatementNode * sn;
238 WaitForStmt * wfs;
239 Expression * constant;
240 IfCtrl * ifctl;
241 ForCtrl * fctl;
242 enum OperKinds compop;
243 LabelNode * label;
244 InitializerNode * in;
245 OperKinds op;
246 std::string * str;
247 bool flag;
248 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
249 GenericExpr * genexpr;
250}
251
252//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
253
254// keywords
255%token TYPEDEF
256%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
257%token THREADLOCAL // C11
258%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
259%token NORETURN // C11
260%token CONST VOLATILE
261%token RESTRICT // C99
262%token ATOMIC // C11
263%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL VTABLE COERCE // CFA
264%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
265%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
266%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
267%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
268%token DECIMAL32 DECIMAL64 DECIMAL128 // GCC
269%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
270%token SIZEOF TYPEOF VALIST AUTO_TYPE // GCC
271%token OFFSETOF BASETYPEOF TYPEID // CFA
272%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
273%token EXCEPTION // CFA
274%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
275%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
276// %token RESUME // CFA
277%token LABEL // GCC
278%token SUSPEND // CFA
279%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
280%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
281%token CHOOSE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
282%token DISABLE ENABLE TRY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
283%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
284%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
285
286// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
287%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDIMname TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
288%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR CATCH RECOVER CATCHRESUME FIXUP FINALLY // CFA
289%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
290%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
291// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
292// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
293// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
294%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
295
296// multi-character operators
297%token ARROW // ->
298%token ICR DECR // ++ --
299%token LS RS // << >>
300%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
301%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
302%token ELLIPSIS // ...
303
304%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
305%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
306%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
307%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
308
309%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
310%token ATassign // @=
311
312%type<tok> identifier identifier_at identifier_or_type_name attr_name
313%type<tok> quasi_keyword
314%type<constant> string_literal
315%type<str> string_literal_list
316
317// expressions
318%type<en> constant
319%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
320%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator simple_assignment_operator compound_assignment_operator
321%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
322%type<en> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
323%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
324%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
325%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
326%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
327%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
328%type<en> argument_expression_list_opt argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initializer_opt
329%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
330%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
331%type<compop> inclexcl
332%type<en> subrange
333%type<decl> asm_name_opt
334%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
335%type<label> label_list
336%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
337%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
338%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
339%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
340
341// statements
342%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
343%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
344%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
345%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
346%type<en> case_value
347%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
348%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
349%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
350%type<sn> with_statement
351%type<en> with_clause_opt
352%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
353%type<catch_kind> handler_key
354%type<sn> mutex_statement
355%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
356%type<sn> waitfor_statement
357%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
358
359// declarations
360%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
361%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
362%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
363
364%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
365%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
366
367%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
368
369%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
370
371%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
372%type<decl> vtable vtable_opt default_opt
373
374%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
375
376%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
377%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
378
379%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
380
381%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
382%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
383
384%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
385
386%type<decl> exception_declaration
387
388%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
389%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
390
391%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
392
393%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
394%type<decl> identifier_list
395
396%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
397%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
399
400%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
401
402%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
403%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
404
405%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
406%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
407
408%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
409
410%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
411
412%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
413%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
414%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
415
416%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
419
420%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
421
422%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
423
424%type<tclass> type_class new_type_class
425%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
426
427%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
428%type<decl> typedef_name typedef_declaration typedef_expression
429
430%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
431
432%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
433
434%type<decl> type type_no_function
435%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
436
437%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
438
439%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
440%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
441
442%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
443%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
444
445%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute attribute_name_list attribute_name
446
447// initializers
448%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
449
450// designators
451%type<en> designator designator_list designation
452
453
454// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
455// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
456// if ( C ) S1 else S2
457// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
458// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
459
460// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
461// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
462%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
463%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
464%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
465%precedence CATCH // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence RECOVER // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence CATCHRESUME // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
468%precedence FIXUP // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
469%precedence FINALLY // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
470%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
471
472
473// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
474// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
475// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
476// Foo ( *fp )( int );
477// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
478// must be:
479// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
480// The same problem occurs here:
481// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
482// must be:
483// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
484
485// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
486%precedence TYPEGENname
487%precedence '}'
488%precedence '('
489
490// %precedence RESUME
491// %precedence '{'
492// %precedence ')'
493
494%locations // support location tracking for error messages
495
496%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
497
498%%
499//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
500
501// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
502// which are lexically identical.
503//
504// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
505// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
506//
507// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
508// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
509// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
510// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
511// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
512//
513// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
514// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
515// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
516// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
517// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
518// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
519// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
520//
521// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
522// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
523// around the list separator.
524//
525// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
526// push pop push pop
527
528push:
529 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
530 ;
531
532pop:
533 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
534 ;
535
536//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
537
538constant:
539 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
540 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
541 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
542 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
543 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
544 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
545 ;
546
547quasi_keyword: // CFA
548 TIMEOUT
549 | WOR
550 | CATCH
551 | RECOVER
552 | CATCHRESUME
553 | FIXUP
554 | FINALLY
555 ;
556
557identifier:
558 IDENTIFIER
559 | quasi_keyword
560 ;
561
562identifier_at:
563 identifier
564 | '@' // CFA
565 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
566 ;
567
568string_literal:
569 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
570 ;
571
572string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
573 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
574 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
575 {
576 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
577 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
578 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
579 }
580 ;
581
582//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
583
584primary_expression:
585 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
586 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
587 | quasi_keyword
588 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
589 | TYPEDIMname // CFA, generic length argument
590 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ) ) ) ); }
591 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
592 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_dimensionref( $1 ) ); }
593 | tuple
594 | '(' comma_expression ')'
595 { $$ = $2; }
596 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
597 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast<CompoundStmt *>(maybeMoveBuild<Statement>($2) ) ) ); }
598 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
599 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
600 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
601 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
602 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
603 {
604 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
605 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
606 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
607 }
608 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
609 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
610 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
611 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
612 ;
613
614generic_assoc_list: // C11
615 generic_association
616 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
617 {
618 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
619 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
620 delete $3;
621 $$ = $1;
622 }
623 ;
624
625generic_association: // C11
626 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
627 {
628 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
629 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) } } );
630 }
631 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
632 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) } } ); }
633 ;
634
635postfix_expression:
636 primary_expression
637 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
638 // Historic, transitional: Disallow commas in subscripts.
639 // Switching to this behaviour may help check if a C compatibilty case uses comma-exprs in subscripts.
640 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array subscript is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
641 // Current: Commas in subscripts make tuples.
642 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 ) ) )) ) ); }
643 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
644 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
645 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
646 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
647 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
648 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
649 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, constructor call
650 {
651 Token fn;
652 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
653 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
654 }
655 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
656 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
657 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
658 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
659 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
660 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
661 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
662 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
663 | postfix_expression '.' identifier
664 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
665 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
666 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
667 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
668 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
669 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
670 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
671 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
672 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $3, $1 ) ); }
673 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
674 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
675 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
676 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
677 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
678 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
679 | postfix_expression ICR
680 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
681 | postfix_expression DECR
682 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
683 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
684 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
685 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
686 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
687 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, destructor call
688 {
689 Token fn;
690 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
691 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
692 }
693 ;
694
695argument_expression_list_opt:
696 // empty
697 { $$ = nullptr; }
698 | argument_expression_list
699 ;
700
701argument_expression_list:
702 argument_expression
703 | argument_expression_list_opt ',' argument_expression
704 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
705 ;
706
707argument_expression:
708 '@' // CFA, default parameter
709 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
710 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
711 | assignment_expression
712 ;
713
714field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
715 field
716 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
717 ;
718
719field: // CFA, tuple field selector
720 field_name
721 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
722 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
723 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
724 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
725 | field_name '.' field
726 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
727 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
728 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
729 | field_name ARROW field
730 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
731 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
732 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
733 ;
734
735field_name:
736 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
737 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
738 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
739 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
740 | identifier_at fraction_constants_opt // CFA, allow anonymous fields
741 {
742 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
743 }
744 ;
745
746fraction_constants_opt:
747 // empty
748 { $$ = nullptr; }
749 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
750 {
751 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
752 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
753 }
754 ;
755
756unary_expression:
757 postfix_expression
758 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
759 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
760 | constant
761 | string_literal
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
763 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
764 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
765 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
766 // { * X; } // dereference X
767 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
768 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
769 {
770 switch ( $1 ) {
771 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
772 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) );
773 break;
774 case OperKinds::PointTo:
775 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
776 break;
777 case OperKinds::And:
778 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ) );
779 break;
780 default:
781 assert( false );
782 }
783 }
784 | unary_operator cast_expression
785 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
786 | ICR unary_expression
787 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
788 | DECR unary_expression
789 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
790 | SIZEOF unary_expression
791 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
792 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
793 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
794 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
795 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
796 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
797 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
798 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
799 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
800 | TYPEID '(' type_no_function ')'
801 {
802 SemanticError( yylloc, "typeid name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
803 // $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) );
804 }
805 ;
806
807ptrref_operator:
808 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
809 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
810 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
811 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
812 ;
813
814unary_operator:
815 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
816 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
817 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
818 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
819 ;
820
821cast_expression:
822 unary_expression
823 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
824 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
825 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
826 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
827 | '(' aggregate_control '*' ')' cast_expression // CFA
828 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
829 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
830 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
831 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
832 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
833 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
834 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
835 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
836 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
837 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
838 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
839// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
840// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
841 ;
842
843qualifier_cast_list:
844 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
845 | cast_modifier MUTEX
846 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
847 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
848 ;
849
850cast_modifier:
851 '-'
852 | '+'
853 ;
854
855exponential_expression:
856 cast_expression
857 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
858 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
859 ;
860
861multiplicative_expression:
862 exponential_expression
863 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
864 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
865 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
866 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
867 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
868 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
869 ;
870
871additive_expression:
872 multiplicative_expression
873 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
874 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
875 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
876 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
877 ;
878
879shift_expression:
880 additive_expression
881 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
882 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
883 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
884 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
885 ;
886
887relational_expression:
888 shift_expression
889 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
890 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
891 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
892 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
893 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
894 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
895 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
896 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
897 ;
898
899equality_expression:
900 relational_expression
901 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
902 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
903 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
904 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
905 ;
906
907AND_expression:
908 equality_expression
909 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
910 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
911 ;
912
913exclusive_OR_expression:
914 AND_expression
915 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
916 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
917 ;
918
919inclusive_OR_expression:
920 exclusive_OR_expression
921 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
922 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
923 ;
924
925logical_AND_expression:
926 inclusive_OR_expression
927 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
928 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
929 ;
930
931logical_OR_expression:
932 logical_AND_expression
933 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
934 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
935 ;
936
937conditional_expression:
938 logical_OR_expression
939 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
940 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
941 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
942 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
943 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
944 ;
945
946constant_expression:
947 conditional_expression
948 ;
949
950assignment_expression:
951 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
952 conditional_expression
953 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
954 {
955// if ( $2 == OperKinds::AtAssn ) {
956// SemanticError( yylloc, "C @= assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
957// } else {
958 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) );
959// } // if
960 }
961 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
962 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
963 ;
964
965assignment_expression_opt:
966 // empty
967 { $$ = nullptr; }
968 | assignment_expression
969 ;
970
971assignment_operator:
972 simple_assignment_operator
973 | compound_assignment_operator
974 ;
975
976simple_assignment_operator:
977 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
978 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; } // CFA
979 ;
980
981compound_assignment_operator:
982 EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
983 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
984 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
985 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
986 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
987 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
988 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
989 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
990 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
991 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
992 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
993 ;
994
995tuple: // CFA, tuple
996 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
997 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
998// '[' ']'
999// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
1000// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
1001// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
1002 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
1003 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
1004 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
1005 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $6 ) ) )); }
1006 ;
1007
1008tuple_expression_list:
1009 assignment_expression
1010 | '@' // CFA
1011 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1012 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression
1013 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1014 | tuple_expression_list ',' '@'
1015 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1016 ;
1017
1018comma_expression:
1019 assignment_expression
1020 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
1021 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1022 ;
1023
1024comma_expression_opt:
1025 // empty
1026 { $$ = nullptr; }
1027 | comma_expression
1028 ;
1029
1030//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
1031
1032statement:
1033 labeled_statement
1034 | compound_statement
1035 | expression_statement
1036 | selection_statement
1037 | iteration_statement
1038 | jump_statement
1039 | with_statement
1040 | mutex_statement
1041 | waitfor_statement
1042 | exception_statement
1043 | enable_disable_statement
1044 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1045 | asm_statement
1046 | DIRECTIVE
1047 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
1048 ;
1049
1050labeled_statement:
1051 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1052 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1053 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1054 ;
1055
1056compound_statement:
1057 '{' '}'
1058 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1059 | '{' push
1060 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels appear at start of block
1061 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1062 pop '}'
1063 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1064 ;
1065
1066statement_decl_list: // C99
1067 statement_decl
1068 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1069 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1070 ;
1071
1072statement_decl:
1073 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1074 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1075 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1076 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1077 | function_definition
1078 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1079 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1080 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1081 | statement
1082 ;
1083
1084statement_list_nodecl:
1085 statement
1086 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1087 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1088 ;
1089
1090expression_statement:
1091 comma_expression_opt ';'
1092 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1093 | MUTEX '(' ')' comma_expression ';'
1094 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_mutex( nullptr, new StatementNode( build_expr( $4 ) ) ) ); }
1095 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1096 ;
1097
1098selection_statement:
1099 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1100 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1101 push if_statement pop
1102 { $$ = $2; }
1103 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1104 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1105 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1106 {
1107 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1108 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1109 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1110 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1111 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1112 // statement.
1113 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1114 }
1115 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1116 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1117 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1118 {
1119 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1120 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1121 }
1122 ;
1123
1124if_statement:
1125 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1126 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1127 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), nullptr ) ); }
1128 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1129 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), maybe_build_compound( $7 ) ) ); }
1130 ;
1131
1132if_control_expression:
1133 comma_expression
1134 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1135 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1136 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1137 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1138 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1139 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1140 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1141 ;
1142
1143// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1144// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1145
1146case_value: // CFA
1147 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1148 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1149 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1150 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1151 ;
1152
1153case_value_list: // CFA
1154 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1155 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1156 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1157 ;
1158
1159case_label: // CFA
1160 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1161 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1162 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1163 ;
1164
1165//label_list_opt:
1166// // empty
1167// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1168// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1169// ;
1170
1171case_label_list: // CFA
1172 case_label
1173 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1174 ;
1175
1176case_clause: // CFA
1177 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ); }
1178 ;
1179
1180switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1181 // empty
1182 { $$ = nullptr; }
1183 | switch_clause_list
1184 ;
1185
1186switch_clause_list: // CFA
1187 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1188 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1189 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1190 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1191 ;
1192
1193iteration_statement:
1194 WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1195 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1196 | WHILE '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1197 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ) ) ); }
1198 | WHILE '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1199 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Loop default block is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1200 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1201 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1202 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';' %prec THEN
1203 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1204 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ELSE statement // CFA
1205 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Loop default block is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1206 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1207 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1208 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement %prec THEN
1209 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ) ) ); }
1210 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1211 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Loop default block is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1212 ;
1213
1214for_control_expression_list:
1215 for_control_expression
1216 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1217 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1218 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1219 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1220 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1221 {
1222 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1223 if ( $1->condition ) {
1224 if ( $3->condition ) {
1225 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1226 } // if
1227 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1228 if ( $1->change ) {
1229 if ( $3->change ) {
1230 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1231 } // if
1232 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1233 $$ = $1;
1234 }
1235 ;
1236
1237for_control_expression:
1238 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1239 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1240 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1241 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1242 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1243 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1244
1245 | comma_expression // CFA
1246 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1247 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1248 | '=' comma_expression // CFA
1249 { $$ = forCtrl( $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1250 OperKinds::LEThan, $2->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1251 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1252 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1253 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1254 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1255 | comma_expression ';' // CFA
1256 { $$ = forCtrl( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0u" ) ) ), $1, nullptr, OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1257 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1258 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1259 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1260 | comma_expression ';' '=' comma_expression // CFA
1261 { $$ = forCtrl( $4, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1262 OperKinds::LEThan, $4->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1263 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1264 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1265 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1266 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1267
1268 | comma_expression ';' TYPEDEFname // CFA, array type
1269 {
1270 SemanticError( yylloc, "Array interator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1271 $$ = forCtrl( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $3 ) ), $1, nullptr, OperKinds::Range, nullptr, nullptr );
1272 }
1273
1274 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1275 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1276 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1277 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1278 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1279 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1280 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1281 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1282 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1283 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1284 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1285 ;
1286
1287inclexcl:
1288 '~'
1289 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1290 | ErangeUpEq
1291 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1292 | ErangeDown
1293 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1294 | ErangeDownEq
1295 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1296 ;
1297
1298jump_statement:
1299 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1300 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1301 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1302 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1303 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1304 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1305 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1306 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1307 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1308 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1309 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1310 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1311 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1312 | CONTINUE ';'
1313 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1314 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1315 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1316 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1317 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1318 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1319 | BREAK ';'
1320 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1321 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1322 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1323 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1324 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1325 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1326 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1327 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1328 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1329 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1330 | SUSPEND ';'
1331 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr ) ); }
1332 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1333 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $2 ) ); }
1334 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1335 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1336 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1337 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1338 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1339 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1340 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1341 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1342 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1343 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1344 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1345 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1346 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1347 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1348 ;
1349
1350fall_through_name: // CFA
1351 FALLTHRU
1352 | FALLTHROUGH
1353 ;
1354
1355with_statement:
1356 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1357 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) ); }
1358 ;
1359
1360// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1361mutex_statement:
1362 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1363 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_mutex( $3, $5 ) ); }
1364 ;
1365
1366when_clause:
1367 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1368 ;
1369
1370when_clause_opt:
1371 // empty
1372 { $$ = nullptr; }
1373 | when_clause
1374 ;
1375
1376waitfor:
1377 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1378 { $$ = $3; }
1379// | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1380// { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1381 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1382 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 )); }
1383 ;
1384
1385cast_expression_list:
1386 cast_expression
1387 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1388 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1389 { SemanticError( yylloc, "List of mutex member is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1390 ;
1391
1392timeout:
1393 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1394 ;
1395
1396waitfor_clause:
1397 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1398 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1399 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1400 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, $5 ); }
1401 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1402 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1403 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1404 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1405 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1406 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1407 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1408 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1409 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, maybe_build_compound( $7 ), $5 ); }
1410 ;
1411
1412waitfor_statement:
1413 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1414 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1415 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1416 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1417 ;
1418
1419exception_statement:
1420 TRY compound_statement handler_clause %prec THEN
1421 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1422 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1423 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1424 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1425 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1426 ;
1427
1428handler_clause:
1429 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1430 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1431 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1432 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1433 ;
1434
1435handler_predicate_opt:
1436 // empty
1437 { $$ = nullptr; }
1438 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1439 ;
1440
1441handler_key:
1442 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1443 | RECOVER { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1444 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1445 | FIXUP { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1446 ;
1447
1448finally_clause:
1449 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1450 ;
1451
1452exception_declaration:
1453 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1454 type_specifier_nobody
1455 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1456 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1457 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1458 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1459 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1460 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1461 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1462 ;
1463
1464enable_disable_statement:
1465 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1466 ;
1467
1468enable_disable_key:
1469 ENABLE
1470 | DISABLE
1471 ;
1472
1473asm_statement:
1474 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1475 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1476 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1477 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1478 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1479 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1480 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1481 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1482 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1483 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1484 ;
1485
1486asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1487 // empty
1488 { $$ = false; }
1489 | VOLATILE
1490 { $$ = true; }
1491 ;
1492
1493asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1494 // empty
1495 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1496 | asm_operands_list
1497 ;
1498
1499asm_operands_list: // GCC
1500 asm_operand
1501 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1502 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1503 ;
1504
1505asm_operand: // GCC
1506 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1507 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( nullptr, $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1508 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1509 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( $2, $4, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $6 ) ) ); }
1510 ;
1511
1512asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1513 // empty
1514 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1515 | string_literal
1516 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1517 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1518 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) )); }
1519 ;
1520
1521label_list:
1522 identifier
1523 {
1524 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1525 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1526 }
1527 | label_list ',' identifier
1528 {
1529 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1530 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1531 }
1532 ;
1533
1534//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1535
1536declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1537 // empty
1538 { $$ = nullptr; }
1539 | declaration_list
1540 ;
1541
1542declaration_list:
1543 declaration
1544 | declaration_list declaration
1545 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1546 ;
1547
1548KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1549 // empty
1550 { $$ = nullptr; }
1551 | KR_parameter_list
1552 ;
1553
1554KR_parameter_list:
1555 push c_declaration pop ';'
1556 { $$ = $2; }
1557 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1558 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1559 ;
1560
1561local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1562 // empty
1563 | local_label_declaration_list
1564 ;
1565
1566local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1567 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1568 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1569 ;
1570
1571local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1572 identifier_or_type_name
1573 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1574 ;
1575
1576declaration: // old & new style declarations
1577 c_declaration ';'
1578 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1579 | static_assert // C11
1580 ;
1581
1582static_assert:
1583 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1584 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1585 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1586 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1587
1588// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1589// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1590// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1591// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1592// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1593// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1594//
1595// CFA C
1596// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1597// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1598
1599cfa_declaration: // CFA
1600 cfa_variable_declaration
1601 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1602 | cfa_function_declaration
1603 | type_declaring_list
1604 { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1605 | trait_specifier
1606 ;
1607
1608cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1609 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1610 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1611 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1612 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1613 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1614 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1615 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1616 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1617 ;
1618
1619cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1620 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1621 // storage-class
1622 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1623 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1624 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1625 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1626 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1627 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1628 ;
1629
1630cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1631 cfa_function_specifier
1632 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1633 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1634 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1635 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1636 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1637 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1638 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1639 {
1640 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1641 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1642 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1643 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1644 }
1645 ;
1646
1647cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1648// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1649// {
1650// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1651// }
1652// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1653// {
1654// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1655// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1656// }
1657// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1658// {
1659// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1660// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1661// }
1662// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1663 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1664 //
1665 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1666 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1667 //
1668 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1669 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1670 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1671 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1672 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1673 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1674 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1675 ;
1676
1677cfa_function_return: // CFA
1678 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1679 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1680 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1681 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1682 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1683 ;
1684
1685cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1686 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1687 {
1688 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1689 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1690 }
1691 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1692 {
1693 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1694 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1695 }
1696 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push identifier
1697 {
1698 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1699 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1700 }
1701 ;
1702
1703// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1704// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1705
1706typedef_declaration:
1707 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1708 {
1709 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1710 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1711 }
1712 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1713 {
1714 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1715 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1716 }
1717 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1718 {
1719 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1720 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1721 }
1722 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1723 {
1724 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1725 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1726 }
1727 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1728 {
1729 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1730 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1731 }
1732 ;
1733
1734typedef_expression:
1735 // deprecated GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1736 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
1737 {
1738 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1739 }
1740 | typedef_expression pop ',' push identifier '=' assignment_expression
1741 {
1742 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1743 }
1744 ;
1745
1746c_declaration:
1747 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1748 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1749 | typedef_declaration
1750 | typedef_expression // deprecated GCC, naming expression type
1751 | sue_declaration_specifier
1752 ;
1753
1754declaring_list:
1755 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1756 // storage-class
1757 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1758 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1759 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1760 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1761 ;
1762
1763declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1764 basic_declaration_specifier
1765 | sue_declaration_specifier
1766 | type_declaration_specifier
1767 ;
1768
1769declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1770 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1771 //
1772 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1773 //
1774 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1775 basic_declaration_specifier
1776 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1777 | type_declaration_specifier
1778 ;
1779
1780type_specifier: // type specifier
1781 basic_type_specifier
1782 | sue_type_specifier
1783 | type_type_specifier
1784 ;
1785
1786type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1787 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1788 //
1789 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1790 //
1791 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1792 basic_type_specifier
1793 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1794 | type_type_specifier
1795 ;
1796
1797type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1798 // empty
1799 { $$ = nullptr; }
1800 | type_qualifier_list
1801 ;
1802
1803type_qualifier_list:
1804 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1805 //
1806 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1807 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1808 // appeared only once.
1809 type_qualifier
1810 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1811 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1812 ;
1813
1814type_qualifier:
1815 type_qualifier_name
1816 | attribute // trick handles most atrribute locations
1817 ;
1818
1819type_qualifier_name:
1820 CONST
1821 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1822 | RESTRICT
1823 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1824 | VOLATILE
1825 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1826 | ATOMIC
1827 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1828 | forall
1829 ;
1830
1831forall:
1832 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1833 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1834 ;
1835
1836declaration_qualifier_list:
1837 storage_class_list
1838 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1839 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1840 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1841 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1842 ;
1843
1844storage_class_list:
1845 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1846 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1847 //
1848 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1849 // specifiers in a declaration.
1850 storage_class
1851 | storage_class_list storage_class
1852 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1853 ;
1854
1855storage_class:
1856 EXTERN
1857 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1858 | STATIC
1859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1860 | AUTO
1861 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1862 | REGISTER
1863 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1864 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1865 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1866 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1867 | INLINE // C99
1868 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1869 | FORTRAN // C99
1870 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1871 | NORETURN // C11
1872 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1873 ;
1874
1875basic_type_name:
1876 VOID
1877 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1878 | BOOL // C99
1879 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1880 | CHAR
1881 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1882 | INT
1883 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1884 | INT128
1885 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1886 | UINT128
1887 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 )->addType( DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ) ); }
1888 | FLOAT
1889 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1890 | DOUBLE
1891 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1892 | uuFLOAT80
1893 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1894 | uuFLOAT128
1895 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1896 | uFLOAT16
1897 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1898 | uFLOAT32
1899 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1900 | uFLOAT32X
1901 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1902 | uFLOAT64
1903 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1904 | uFLOAT64X
1905 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1906 | uFLOAT128
1907 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1908 | DECIMAL32
1909 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal32 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1910 | DECIMAL64
1911 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal64 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1912 | DECIMAL128
1913 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal128 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1914 | COMPLEX // C99
1915 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1916 | IMAGINARY // C99
1917 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1918 | SIGNED
1919 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1920 | UNSIGNED
1921 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1922 | SHORT
1923 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1924 | LONG
1925 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1926 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1927 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1928 | AUTO_TYPE
1929 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::AutoType ); }
1930 | vtable
1931 ;
1932
1933vtable_opt:
1934 // empty
1935 { $$ = nullptr; }
1936 | vtable
1937 ;
1938
1939vtable:
1940 VTABLE '(' type_name ')' default_opt
1941 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVtableType( $3 ); }
1942 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "vtable is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1943 ;
1944
1945default_opt:
1946 // empty
1947 { $$ = nullptr; }
1948 | DEFAULT
1949 { SemanticError( yylloc, "vtable default is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1950 ;
1951
1952basic_declaration_specifier:
1953 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1954 basic_type_specifier
1955 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1956 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1957 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1958 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1959 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1960 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1961 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1962 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1963 ;
1964
1965basic_type_specifier:
1966 direct_type
1967 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1968 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1969 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1970 ;
1971
1972direct_type:
1973 basic_type_name
1974 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1975 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1976 | direct_type type_qualifier
1977 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1978 | direct_type basic_type_name
1979 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1980 ;
1981
1982indirect_type:
1983 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1984 { $$ = $3; }
1985 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1986 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1987 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1988 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1989 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1990 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1991 | ZERO_T // CFA
1992 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1993 | ONE_T // CFA
1994 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1995 ;
1996
1997sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1998 sue_type_specifier
1999 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
2000 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2001 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2002 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2003 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2004 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2005 ;
2006
2007sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
2008 elaborated_type
2009 | type_qualifier_list
2010 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
2011 elaborated_type
2012 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2013 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
2014 {
2015 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2016 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
2017 }
2018 ;
2019
2020sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
2021 sue_type_specifier_nobody
2022 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
2023 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2024 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2025 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2026 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
2027 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2028 ;
2029
2030sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
2031 elaborated_type_nobody
2032 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
2033 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2034 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
2035 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2036 ;
2037
2038type_declaration_specifier:
2039 type_type_specifier
2040 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
2041 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2042 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2043 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2044 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2045 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2046 ;
2047
2048type_type_specifier: // typedef types
2049 type_name
2050 | type_qualifier_list type_name
2051 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2052 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
2053 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2054 ;
2055
2056type_name:
2057 TYPEDEFname
2058 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
2059 | '.' TYPEDEFname
2060 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
2061 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
2062 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
2063 | typegen_name
2064 | '.' typegen_name
2065 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
2066 | type_name '.' typegen_name
2067 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
2068 ;
2069
2070typegen_name: // CFA
2071 TYPEGENname
2072 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2073 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2074 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2075 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2076 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
2077 ;
2078
2079elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2080 aggregate_type
2081 | enum_type
2082 ;
2083
2084elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2085 aggregate_type_nobody
2086 | enum_type_nobody
2087 ;
2088
2089aggregate_type: // struct, union
2090 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2091 { forall = false; } // reset
2092 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2093 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2094 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2095 {
2096 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2097 forall = false; // reset
2098 }
2099 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2100 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2101 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname // unqualified type name
2102 {
2103 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2104 forall = false; // reset
2105 }
2106 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2107 {
2108 DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 );
2109 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2110 }
2111 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEGENname // unqualified type name
2112 {
2113 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2114 forall = false; // reset
2115 }
2116 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2117 {
2118 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $3, nullptr );
2119 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2120 }
2121 | aggregate_type_nobody
2122 ;
2123
2124type_parameters_opt:
2125 // empty
2126 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2127 | '(' type_list ')'
2128 { $$ = $2; }
2129 ;
2130
2131aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2132 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2133 {
2134 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2135 forall = false; // reset
2136 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2137 }
2138 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name
2139 {
2140 forall = false; // reset
2141 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2142 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2143 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2144 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2145 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2146 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2147 delete $3;
2148 }
2149 ;
2150
2151aggregate_key:
2152 aggregate_data
2153 | aggregate_control
2154 ;
2155
2156aggregate_data:
2157 STRUCT vtable_opt
2158 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2159 | UNION
2160 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Union; }
2161 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2162 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2163 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "exception aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2164 ;
2165
2166aggregate_control: // CFA
2167 MONITOR
2168 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2169 | MUTEX STRUCT
2170 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2171 | GENERATOR
2172 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2173 | MUTEX GENERATOR
2174 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2175 | COROUTINE
2176 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2177 | MUTEX COROUTINE
2178 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2179 | THREAD
2180 { $$ = AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2181 | MUTEX THREAD
2182 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2183 ;
2184
2185field_declaration_list_opt:
2186 // empty
2187 { $$ = nullptr; }
2188 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2189 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2190 ;
2191
2192field_declaration:
2193 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2194 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2195 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2196 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2197 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2198 {
2199 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2200 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2201 } // if
2202 $3->inLine = true;
2203 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2204 distInl( $3 );
2205 }
2206 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2207 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2208 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2209 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2210 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2211 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2212 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2213 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2214 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2215 | static_assert // C11
2216 ;
2217
2218field_declaring_list_opt:
2219 // empty
2220 { $$ = nullptr; }
2221 | field_declarator
2222 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2223 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2224 ;
2225
2226field_declarator:
2227 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2228 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2229 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2230 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2231 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2232 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2233 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2234 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2235 ;
2236
2237field_abstract_list_opt:
2238 // empty
2239 { $$ = nullptr; }
2240 | field_abstract
2241 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2242 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2243 ;
2244
2245field_abstract:
2246 // no bit fields
2247 variable_abstract_declarator
2248 ;
2249
2250cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2251 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2252 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2253 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2254 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2255 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2256 ;
2257
2258cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2259 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2260 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2261 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2262 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2263 ;
2264
2265bit_subrange_size_opt:
2266 // empty
2267 { $$ = nullptr; }
2268 | bit_subrange_size
2269 ;
2270
2271bit_subrange_size:
2272 ':' assignment_expression
2273 { $$ = $2; }
2274 ;
2275
2276enum_type: // enum
2277 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2278 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2279 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2280 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2281 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2282 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2283 | ENUM attribute_list_opt typedef_name // unqualified type name
2284 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2285 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2286 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2287 {
2288 if ( $3->storageClasses.val != 0 || $3->type->qualifiers.val != 0 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." ); }
2289 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2290 }
2291 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt
2292 {
2293 if ( $3->storageClasses.val != 0 || $3->type->qualifiers.val != 0 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." ); }
2294 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$6 );
2295 }
2296 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2297 {
2298 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2299 }
2300 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt typedef_name attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2301 {
2302 if ( $3->storageClasses.val != 0 || $3->type->qualifiers.val != 0 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." ); }
2303 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$6->name );
2304 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2305 }
2306 | enum_type_nobody
2307 ;
2308
2309enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2310 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2311 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2312 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name // qualified type name
2313 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name ); $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2314 ;
2315
2316enumerator_list:
2317 identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2318 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2319 | INLINE type_name
2320 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( new string("inline"), nullptr ); }
2321 | enumerator_list ',' identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2322 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2323 | enumerator_list ',' INLINE type_name enumerator_value_opt
2324 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( new string("inline"), nullptr ) ); }
2325 ;
2326
2327enumerator_value_opt:
2328 // empty
2329 { $$ = nullptr; }
2330 // | '=' constant_expression
2331 // { $$ = $2; }
2332 | simple_assignment_operator initializer
2333 { $$ = $2->get_expression(); } // FIX ME: enum only deals with constant_expression
2334 ;
2335
2336cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2337 // empty
2338 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2339 | ELLIPSIS
2340 { $$ = nullptr; }
2341 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2342 | cfa_parameter_list
2343 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2344 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2345 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2346 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2347 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2348 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2349 ;
2350
2351cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2352 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2353 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2354 cfa_parameter_declaration
2355 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2356 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2357 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2358 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2359 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2360 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2361 ;
2362
2363cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2364 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2365 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2366 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2367 ;
2368
2369parameter_type_list_opt:
2370 // empty
2371 { $$ = nullptr; }
2372 | ELLIPSIS
2373 { $$ = nullptr; }
2374 | parameter_list
2375 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2376 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2377 ;
2378
2379parameter_list: // abstract + real
2380 abstract_parameter_declaration
2381 | parameter_declaration
2382 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2383 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2384 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2385 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2386 ;
2387
2388// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2389// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2390
2391cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2392 parameter_declaration
2393 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2394 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2395 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2396 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2397 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2398 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2399 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2400 | cfa_function_specifier
2401 ;
2402
2403cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2404 abstract_parameter_declaration
2405 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2406 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2407 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2408 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2409 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2410 | cfa_abstract_function
2411 ;
2412
2413parameter_declaration:
2414 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2415 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2416 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2417 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initializer_opt
2418 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2419 ;
2420
2421abstract_parameter_declaration:
2422 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initializer_opt
2423 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2424 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2425 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2426 ;
2427
2428// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2429// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2430// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2431
2432identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2433 identifier
2434 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2435 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2436 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2437 ;
2438
2439identifier_or_type_name:
2440 identifier
2441 | TYPEDEFname
2442 | TYPEGENname
2443 ;
2444
2445type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2446 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2447 | type_specifier
2448 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2449 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2450 ;
2451
2452type: // typeof, assertion
2453 type_no_function
2454 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2455 ;
2456
2457initializer_opt:
2458 // empty
2459 { $$ = nullptr; }
2460 | simple_assignment_operator initializer { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2461 | '=' VOID { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2462 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2463 ;
2464
2465initializer:
2466 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2467 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2468 ;
2469
2470initializer_list_opt:
2471 // empty
2472 { $$ = nullptr; }
2473 | initializer
2474 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2475 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2476 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)($1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) )); }
2477 ;
2478
2479// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2480// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2481//
2482// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2483//
2484// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2485// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2486// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2487// shift/reduce conflicts
2488
2489designation:
2490 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2491 | identifier_at ':' // GCC, field name
2492 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2493 ;
2494
2495designator_list: // C99
2496 designator
2497 | designator_list designator
2498 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $2 )); }
2499 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2500 ;
2501
2502designator:
2503 '.' identifier_at // C99, field name
2504 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2505 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2506 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2507 { $$ = $3; }
2508 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2509 { $$ = $3; }
2510 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2511 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $5 ) ) ); }
2512 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2513 { $$ = $4; }
2514 ;
2515
2516// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2517// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2518//
2519// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2520//
2521// Type declarations: "otype" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2522// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2523// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2524//
2525// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2526// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2527//
2528// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2529// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2530// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2531// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2532// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2533
2534type_parameter_list: // CFA
2535 type_parameter
2536 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2537 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2538 ;
2539
2540type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2541 // empty
2542 { $$ = nullptr; }
2543 | '=' type
2544 { $$ = $2; }
2545 ;
2546
2547type_parameter: // CFA
2548 type_class identifier_or_type_name
2549 {
2550 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" );
2551 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Otype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype keyword is deprecated, use T " ); }
2552 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Dtype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "dtype keyword is deprecated, use T &" ); }
2553 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Ttype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "ttype keyword is deprecated, use T ..." ); }
2554 }
2555 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2556 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2557 | identifier_or_type_name new_type_class
2558 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2559 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2560 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $2, $1 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2561 | '[' identifier_or_type_name ']'
2562 {
2563 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDIMname, "9" );
2564 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dimension, $2 );
2565 }
2566 // | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2567 | assertion_list
2568 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2569 ;
2570
2571new_type_class: // CFA
2572 // empty
2573 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2574 | '&'
2575 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2576 | '*'
2577 { $$ = TypeDecl::DStype; } // dtype + sized
2578 // | '(' '*' ')'
2579 // { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2580 | ELLIPSIS
2581 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2582 ;
2583
2584type_class: // CFA
2585 OTYPE
2586 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2587 | DTYPE
2588 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2589 | FTYPE
2590 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2591 | TTYPE
2592 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2593 ;
2594
2595assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2596 // empty
2597 { $$ = nullptr; }
2598 | assertion_list
2599 ;
2600
2601assertion_list: // CFA
2602 assertion
2603 | assertion_list assertion
2604 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
2605 ;
2606
2607assertion: // CFA
2608 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2609 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2610 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2611 { $$ = $4; }
2612 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2613 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2614 ;
2615
2616type_list: // CFA
2617 type
2618 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2619 | assignment_expression
2620 | type_list ',' type
2621 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) )); }
2622 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2623 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2624 ;
2625
2626type_declaring_list: // CFA
2627 OTYPE type_declarator
2628 { $$ = $2; }
2629 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2630 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2631 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2632 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2633 ;
2634
2635type_declarator: // CFA
2636 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2637 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2638 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2639 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2640 ;
2641
2642type_declarator_name: // CFA
2643 identifier_or_type_name
2644 {
2645 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2646 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2647 }
2648 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2649 {
2650 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2651 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2652 }
2653 ;
2654
2655trait_specifier: // CFA
2656 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2657 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2658 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2659 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2660 ;
2661
2662trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2663 trait_declaration
2664 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2665 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2666 ;
2667
2668trait_declaration: // CFA
2669 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2670 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2671 ;
2672
2673cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2674 cfa_variable_specifier
2675 | cfa_function_specifier
2676 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2677 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2678 ;
2679
2680trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2681 type_specifier declarator
2682 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2683 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2684 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2685 ;
2686
2687//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2688
2689translation_unit:
2690 // empty, input file
2691 | external_definition_list
2692 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2693 ;
2694
2695external_definition_list:
2696 push external_definition pop
2697 { $$ = $2; }
2698 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2699 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2700 ;
2701
2702external_definition_list_opt:
2703 // empty
2704 { $$ = nullptr; }
2705 | external_definition_list
2706 ;
2707
2708up:
2709 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2710 ;
2711
2712down:
2713 { typedefTable.down(); }
2714 ;
2715
2716external_definition:
2717 DIRECTIVE
2718 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newDirectiveStmt( new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ) ); }
2719 | declaration
2720 | external_function_definition
2721 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2722 {
2723 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2724 $$ = $2;
2725 }
2726 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2727 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) ); }
2728 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2729 {
2730 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2731 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2732 }
2733 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2734 {
2735 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2736 linkageStack.pop();
2737 $$ = $6;
2738 }
2739 | type_qualifier_list
2740 {
2741 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2742 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2743 }
2744 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2745 {
2746 distQual( $5, $1 );
2747 forall = false;
2748 $$ = $5;
2749 }
2750 | declaration_qualifier_list
2751 {
2752 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2753 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2754 }
2755 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2756 {
2757 distQual( $5, $1 );
2758 forall = false;
2759 $$ = $5;
2760 }
2761 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2762 {
2763 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2764 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2765 }
2766 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2767 {
2768 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2769 forall = false;
2770 $$ = $6;
2771 }
2772 ;
2773
2774external_function_definition:
2775 function_definition
2776 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2777 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2778 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2779 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2780 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2781 | function_declarator compound_statement
2782 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2783 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2784 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2785 ;
2786
2787with_clause_opt:
2788 // empty
2789 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2790 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2791 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2792 ;
2793
2794function_definition:
2795 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2796 {
2797 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2798 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2799 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2800 $$ = $1;
2801 }
2802 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2803 {
2804 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2805 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2806 }
2807 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2808 {
2809 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2810 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2811 }
2812 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2813 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2814 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2815 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2816 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2817 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2818 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2819 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2820 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2821
2822 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2823 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2824 {
2825 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2826 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2827 }
2828 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2829 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2830 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2831 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2832 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2833 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2834 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2835 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2836 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2837 ;
2838
2839declarator:
2840 variable_declarator
2841 | variable_type_redeclarator
2842 | function_declarator
2843 ;
2844
2845subrange:
2846 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2847 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
2848 ;
2849
2850asm_name_opt: // GCC
2851 // empty
2852 { $$ = nullptr; }
2853 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2854 {
2855 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2856 name->asmName = $3;
2857 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2858 }
2859 ;
2860
2861attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2862 // empty
2863 { $$ = nullptr; }
2864 | attribute_list
2865 ;
2866
2867attribute_list: // GCC
2868 attribute
2869 | attribute_list attribute
2870 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2871 ;
2872
2873attribute: // GCC
2874 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2875 { $$ = $4; }
2876 ;
2877
2878attribute_name_list: // GCC
2879 attribute_name
2880 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2881 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2882 ;
2883
2884attribute_name: // GCC
2885 // empty
2886 { $$ = nullptr; }
2887 | attr_name
2888 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2889 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
2890 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2891 ;
2892
2893attr_name: // GCC
2894 IDENTIFIER
2895 | quasi_keyword
2896 | TYPEDEFname
2897 | TYPEGENname
2898 | FALLTHROUGH
2899 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2900 | CONST
2901 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2902 ;
2903
2904// ============================================================================
2905// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2906// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2907// in:
2908//
2909// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2910// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2911//
2912// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2913// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2914// ============================================================================
2915
2916// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2917// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2918// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2919//
2920// valid declaration invalid definition
2921// ----------------- ------------------
2922// int f; int f {}
2923// int *f; int *f {}
2924// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2925// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2926//
2927// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2928// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2929// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2930
2931// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2932// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2933
2934paren_identifier:
2935 identifier_at
2936 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2937 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2938 { $$ = $2; }
2939 ;
2940
2941variable_declarator:
2942 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2943 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2944 | variable_ptr
2945 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2946 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2947 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2948 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2949 ;
2950
2951variable_ptr:
2952 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2953 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2954 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2955 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2956 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
2957 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2958 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
2959 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
2960 ;
2961
2962variable_array:
2963 paren_identifier array_dimension
2964 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2965 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2966 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2967 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2968 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2969 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2970 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2971 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2972 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2973 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2974 { $$ = $2; }
2975 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2976 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2977 ;
2978
2979variable_function:
2980 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2981 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2982 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2983 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
2984 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2985 { $$ = $2; }
2986 | '(' attribute_list variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2987 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2988 ;
2989
2990// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2991// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2992// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2993
2994function_declarator:
2995 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2996 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2997 | function_ptr
2998 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2999 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3000 ;
3001
3002function_no_ptr:
3003 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3004 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3005 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3006 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3007 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3008 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3009 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3010 { $$ = $2; }
3011 | '(' attribute_list function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3012 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3013 ;
3014
3015function_ptr:
3016 ptrref_operator function_declarator
3017 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3018 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
3019 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3020 | '(' function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3021 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3022 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3023 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3024 ;
3025
3026function_array:
3027 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3028 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3029 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3030 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3031 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3032 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3033 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3034 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3035 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3036 { $$ = $2; }
3037 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3038 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3039 ;
3040
3041// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
3042//
3043// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
3044//
3045// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
3046// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3047
3048KR_function_declarator:
3049 KR_function_no_ptr
3050 | KR_function_ptr
3051 | KR_function_array
3052 ;
3053
3054KR_function_no_ptr:
3055 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
3056 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
3057 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3058 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3059 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3060 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3061 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3062 { $$ = $2; }
3063 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3064 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3065 ;
3066
3067KR_function_ptr:
3068 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
3069 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3070 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
3071 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3072 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
3073 { $$ = $2; }
3074 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')'
3075 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3076 ;
3077
3078KR_function_array:
3079 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3080 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3081 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3082 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3083 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3084 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3085 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3086 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3087 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3088 { $$ = $2; }
3089 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3090 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3091 ;
3092
3093// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
3094//
3095// typedef int foo;
3096// {
3097// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
3098// }
3099//
3100// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3101// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3102
3103paren_type:
3104 typedef_name
3105 {
3106 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
3107 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
3108 }
3109 | '(' paren_type ')'
3110 { $$ = $2; }
3111 ;
3112
3113variable_type_redeclarator:
3114 paren_type attribute_list_opt
3115 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3116 | type_ptr
3117 | type_array attribute_list_opt
3118 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3119 | type_function attribute_list_opt
3120 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3121 ;
3122
3123type_ptr:
3124 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
3125 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3126 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
3127 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3128 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3129 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3130 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3131 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3132 ;
3133
3134type_array:
3135 paren_type array_dimension
3136 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3137 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3138 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3139 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3140 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3141 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3142 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3143 | '(' attribute_list type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3144 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3145 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3146 { $$ = $2; }
3147 | '(' attribute_list type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3148 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3149 ;
3150
3151type_function:
3152 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3153 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3154 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3155 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3156 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3157 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3158 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3159 { $$ = $2; }
3160 | '(' attribute_list type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3161 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3162 ;
3163
3164// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
3165// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
3166// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3167// pointers to arrays and functions.
3168
3169identifier_parameter_declarator:
3170 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3171 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3172 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3173 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3174 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3175 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3176 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3177 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3178 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3179 ;
3180
3181identifier_parameter_ptr:
3182 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3183 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3184 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3185 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3186 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3187 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3188 ;
3189
3190identifier_parameter_array:
3191 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3192 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3193 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3194 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3195 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3196 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3197 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3198 { $$ = $2; }
3199 ;
3200
3201identifier_parameter_function:
3202 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3203 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3204 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3205 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3206 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3207 { $$ = $2; }
3208 ;
3209
3210// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3211// e.g.:
3212//
3213// typedef int foo;
3214// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3215// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3216//
3217// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3218
3219type_parameter_redeclarator:
3220 typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3221 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3222 | '&' MUTEX typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3223 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3224 | type_parameter_ptr
3225 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3226 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3227 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3228 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3229 ;
3230
3231typedef_name:
3232 TYPEDEFname
3233 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3234 | TYPEGENname
3235 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3236 ;
3237
3238type_parameter_ptr:
3239 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3240 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3241 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3242 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3243 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3244 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3245 ;
3246
3247type_parameter_array:
3248 typedef_name array_parameter_dimension
3249 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3250 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3251 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3252 ;
3253
3254type_parameter_function:
3255 typedef_name '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3256 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3257 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3258 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3259 ;
3260
3261// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3262// which the type applies, e.g.:
3263//
3264// sizeof( int );
3265// sizeof( int * );
3266// sizeof( int [10] );
3267// sizeof( int (*)() );
3268// sizeof( int () );
3269//
3270// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3271// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3272
3273abstract_declarator:
3274 abstract_ptr
3275 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3276 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3277 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3278 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3279 ;
3280
3281abstract_ptr:
3282 ptrref_operator
3283 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3284 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3285 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3286 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3287 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3288 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3289 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3290 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3291 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3292 ;
3293
3294abstract_array:
3295 array_dimension
3296 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3297 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3298 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3299 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3300 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3301 { $$ = $2; }
3302 ;
3303
3304abstract_function:
3305 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3306 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3307 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3308 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3309 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3310 { $$ = $2; }
3311 ;
3312
3313array_dimension:
3314 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3315 '[' ']'
3316 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3317 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3318 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3319 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' comma_expression ']'
3320 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false )->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $6, 0, false ) ); }
3321 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array dimension is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3322 | multi_array_dimension
3323 ;
3324
3325multi_array_dimension:
3326 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3327 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3328 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3329 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3330 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3331 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3332 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3333 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3334 ;
3335
3336// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3337// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3338//
3339// int f( int ); // not handled here
3340// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3341// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3342// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3343//
3344// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3345// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3346// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3347//
3348// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3349// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3350// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3351//
3352// For example:
3353//
3354// typedef float T;
3355// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3356// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3357// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3358// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3359//
3360// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3361// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3362// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3363// functions.
3364
3365abstract_parameter_declarator:
3366 abstract_parameter_ptr
3367 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3368 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3369 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3370 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3371 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3372 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3373 ;
3374
3375abstract_parameter_ptr:
3376 ptrref_operator
3377 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3378 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3379 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3380 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3381 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3382 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3383 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3384 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3385 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3386 ;
3387
3388abstract_parameter_array:
3389 array_parameter_dimension
3390 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3391 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3392 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3393 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3394 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3395 { $$ = $2; }
3396 ;
3397
3398abstract_parameter_function:
3399 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3400 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3401 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3402 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3403 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3404 { $$ = $2; }
3405 ;
3406
3407array_parameter_dimension:
3408 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3409 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3410 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3411 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3412 | multi_array_dimension
3413 ;
3414
3415// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3416//
3417// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3418// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3419
3420array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3421 '[' ']'
3422 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3423 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3424 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3425 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3426 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3427 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3428 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3429 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3430 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3431 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3432 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3433 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3434 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3435 ;
3436
3437// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3438//
3439// struct S {
3440// int;
3441// int *;
3442// int [10];
3443// int (*)();
3444// };
3445
3446variable_abstract_declarator:
3447 variable_abstract_ptr
3448 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3449 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3450 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3451 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3452 ;
3453
3454variable_abstract_ptr:
3455 ptrref_operator
3456 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3457 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3458 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3459 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3460 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3461 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3462 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3463 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3464 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3465 ;
3466
3467variable_abstract_array:
3468 array_dimension
3469 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3470 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3471 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3472 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3473 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3474 { $$ = $2; }
3475 ;
3476
3477variable_abstract_function:
3478 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3479 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3480 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3481 { $$ = $2; }
3482 ;
3483
3484// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3485// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3486
3487cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3488 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3489 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3490 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3491 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3492 ;
3493
3494cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3495 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3496 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3497 ;
3498
3499cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3500 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3501 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3502 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3503 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3504 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3505 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3506 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3507 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3508 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3509 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3510 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3511 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3512 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3513 ;
3514
3515cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3516 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3517 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3518 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3519 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3520 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3521 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3522 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3523 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3524 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3525 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3526 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3527 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3528
3529 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3530 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3531 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3532 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3533 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3534 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3535 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3536 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3537 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3538 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3539 ;
3540
3541cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3542 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3543 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3544 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3545 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3546 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3547 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3548 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3549 // appear in this context.
3550 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3551 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3552 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3553 ;
3554
3555// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3556// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3557//
3558// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3559// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3560//
3561// These rules need LR(3):
3562//
3563// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3564// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3565//
3566// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3567//
3568// [int, int] t;
3569// [int, int] f( int );
3570//
3571// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3572// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3573// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3574// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3575
3576cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3577 cfa_abstract_tuple
3578 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3579 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3580 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3581 ;
3582
3583cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3584 cfa_abstract_ptr
3585 | cfa_abstract_array
3586 ;
3587
3588cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3589 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3590 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3591 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3592 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3593 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3594 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3595 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3596 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3597 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3598 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3599 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3600 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3601 ;
3602
3603cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3604 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3605 // empty (void) function return type.
3606 '[' ']' type_specifier
3607 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3608 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3609 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3610 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3611 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3612 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3613 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3614 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3615 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3616 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3617 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3618 ;
3619
3620cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3621 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3622 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3623 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3624 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3625 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3626 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3627 ;
3628
3629cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3630// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3631// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3632 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3633 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3634 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3635 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3636 ;
3637
3638// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3639// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3640//
3641// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3642// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3643//
3644// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3645// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3646//
3647// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3648// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3649
3650//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3651
3652comma_opt: // redundant comma
3653 // empty
3654 | ','
3655 ;
3656
3657default_initializer_opt:
3658 // empty
3659 { $$ = nullptr; }
3660 | '=' assignment_expression
3661 { $$ = $2; }
3662 ;
3663
3664%%
3665
3666// ----end of grammar----
3667
3668// Local Variables: //
3669// mode: c++ //
3670// tab-width: 4 //
3671// compile-command: "make install" //
3672// End: //
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