source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ aeec6b7

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since aeec6b7 was 638ac26, checked in by Rob Schluntz <rschlunt@…>, 7 years ago

Merge branch 'master' of plg.uwaterloo.ca:/u/cforall/software/cfa/cfa-cc

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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Fri Jul 6 08:02:38 2018
13// Update Count : 3716
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
118 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
119 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
120 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
121 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
122 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
123 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
124 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
125 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
126 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
127 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
128 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
129 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
130 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
131 DeclarationNode newnode;
132 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
133 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
134 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
135 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
136 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
137 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
138 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
139 } // if
140 } else { // just SC qualifiers
141 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
142 } // if
143 } // for
144 delete qualifiers;
145} // distQual
146
147// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
148// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
149// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
150// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
151// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
152// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
153// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
154
155void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
156 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
157 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
158 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
159 } // if
160} // rebindForall
161
162NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
163 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
164 delete name;
165 return new_name;
166} // build_postfix_name
167
168bool forall = false, xxx = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
169
170// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
171#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
172if ( N ) { \
173 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
174 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
175 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
176 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
177 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
178} else { \
179 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
180 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
181 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
182}
183%}
184
185%define parse.error verbose
186
187// Types declaration for productions
188%union
189{
190 Token tok;
191 ParseNode * pn;
192 ExpressionNode * en;
193 DeclarationNode * decl;
194 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
195 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
196 StatementNode * sn;
197 WaitForStmt * wfs;
198 Expression * constant;
199 IfCtl * ifctl;
200 ForCtl * fctl;
201 LabelNode * label;
202 InitializerNode * in;
203 OperKinds op;
204 std::string * str;
205 bool flag;
206 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
207 GenericExpr * genexpr;
208}
209
210//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
211
212// keywords
213%token TYPEDEF
214%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
215%token THREADLOCAL // C11
216%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
217%token NORETURN // C11
218%token CONST VOLATILE
219%token RESTRICT // C99
220%token ATOMIC // C11
221%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
222%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
223%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
224%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
225%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
226%token VALIST // GCC
227%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
228%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
229%token EXCEPTION // CFA
230%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
231%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
232%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
233%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
234%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
235%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
236%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
237%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
238
239// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
240%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
241%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
242%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
243%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
244%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
245// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
246// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
247// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
248%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
249
250// multi-character operators
251%token ARROW // ->
252%token ICR DECR // ++ --
253%token LS RS // << >>
254%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
255%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
256%token ELLIPSIS // ...
257
258%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
259%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
260%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
261%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
262
263%token ATassign // @=
264
265%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
266%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
267%type<tok> quasi_keyword
268%type<constant> string_literal
269%type<str> string_literal_list
270
271// expressions
272%type<en> constant
273%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
274%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
275%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
276%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
277%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
278%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
279%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
280%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
281%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
282%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
283%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
284%type<fctl> for_control_expression
285%type<en> subrange
286%type<decl> asm_name_opt
287%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
288%type<label> label_list
289%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
290%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
291%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
292%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
293
294// statements
295%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
296%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
297%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
298%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
299%type<en> case_value
300%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
301%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
302%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
303%type<sn> with_statement
304%type<en> with_clause_opt
305%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
306%type<catch_kind> handler_key
307%type<sn> mutex_statement
308%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
309%type<sn> waitfor_statement
310%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
311
312// declarations
313%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
314%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
315%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
316
317%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
318%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
319
320%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
321
322%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
323
324%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
325
326%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
327
328%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
329%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
330
331%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
332
333%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
334%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
335
336%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
337
338%type<decl> exception_declaration
339
340%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list_opt field_declarator_opt field_declaring_list
341%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
342
343%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
344
345%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
346%type<decl> identifier_list
347
348%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
349%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
350%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
351
352%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
353
354%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
355%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
356
357%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
358%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
359
360%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
361
362%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
363
364%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
365%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
366%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
367
368%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
369
370%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
371
372%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
373
374%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
375
376%type<tclass> type_class
377%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
378
379%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
380%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
381
382%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
383
384%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
385
386%type<decl> type type_no_function
387%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
388
389%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
390
391%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
392%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
393
394%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
395%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
396
397%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
398
399// initializers
400%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
401
402// designators
403%type<en> designator designator_list designation
404
405
406// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
407// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
408// if ( C ) S1 else S2
409// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
410// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
411
412// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
413// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
414%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
415%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
416%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
417%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
418
419// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
420// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
421// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
422// Foo ( *fp )( int );
423// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
424// Must be:
425// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
426
427// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
428%precedence TYPEGENname
429%precedence '}'
430%precedence '('
431
432%locations // support location tracking for error messages
433
434%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
435
436%%
437//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
438
439// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
440// which are lexically identical.
441//
442// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
443// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
444//
445// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
446// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
447// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
448// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
449// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
450//
451// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
452// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
453// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
454// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
455// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
456// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
457// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
458//
459// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
460// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
461// around the list separator.
462//
463// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
464// push pop push pop
465
466push:
467 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
468 ;
469
470pop:
471 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
472 ;
473
474//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
475
476constant:
477 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
478 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
479 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
480 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
481 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
482 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
483 ;
484
485quasi_keyword: // CFA
486 TIMEOUT
487 | WOR
488 ;
489
490identifier:
491 IDENTIFIER
492 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
493 | quasi_keyword
494 ;
495
496no_attr_identifier:
497 IDENTIFIER
498 | quasi_keyword
499 ;
500
501string_literal:
502 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
503 ;
504
505string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
506 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
507 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
508 {
509 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
510 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
511 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
512 }
513 ;
514
515//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
516
517primary_expression:
518 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
519 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
520 | quasi_keyword
521 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
522 | tuple
523 | '(' comma_expression ')'
524 { $$ = $2; }
525 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
526 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
527 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
528 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
529 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
530 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
531 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
532 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
533 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
534 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
535 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
536 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
537 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
538 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
539 | type_name '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
540 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
541 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
542 {
543 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
544 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
545 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
546 }
547 ;
548
549generic_assoc_list: // C11
550 generic_association
551 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
552 {
553 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
554 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
555 delete $3;
556 $$ = $1;
557 }
558 ;
559
560generic_association: // C11
561 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
562 {
563 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
564 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
565 }
566 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
567 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
568 ;
569
570postfix_expression:
571 primary_expression
572 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
573 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
574 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
575 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
576 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
577 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
578 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
579 {
580 Token fn;
581 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
582 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
583 }
584 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
585 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
586 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
587 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
588 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
589 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
590 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
591 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
592 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
593 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
594 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
595 {
596 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
597 }
598 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
599 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
600 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
601 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
602 | postfix_expression ICR
603 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
604 | postfix_expression DECR
605 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
606 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
607 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
608 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
609 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
610 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
611 {
612 Token fn;
613 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
614 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
615 }
616 ;
617
618argument_expression_list:
619 argument_expression
620 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
621 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
622 ;
623
624argument_expression:
625 // empty
626 { $$ = nullptr; }
627 // | '@' // use default argument
628 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
629 | assignment_expression
630 ;
631
632field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
633 field
634 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
635 ;
636
637field: // CFA, tuple field selector
638 field_name
639 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
640 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
641 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_list ']'
642 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
643 | field_name '.' field
644 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
645 | field_name '.' '[' field_list ']'
646 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
647 | field_name ARROW field
648 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
649 | field_name ARROW '[' field_list ']'
650 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
651 ;
652
653field_name:
654 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
655 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
656 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
658 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
659 {
660 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
661 }
662 ;
663
664fraction_constants_opt:
665 // empty
666 { $$ = nullptr; }
667 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
668 {
669 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
670 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
671 }
672 ;
673
674unary_expression:
675 postfix_expression
676 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
677 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
678 | constant
679 | string_literal
680 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
681 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
682 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
683 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
684 // { * X; } // dereference X
685 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
686 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
687 {
688 switch ( $1 ) {
689 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
690 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
691 break;
692 case OperKinds::PointTo:
693 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
694 break;
695 case OperKinds::And:
696 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
697 break;
698 default:
699 assert( false );
700 }
701 }
702 | unary_operator cast_expression
703 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
704 | ICR unary_expression
705 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
706 | DECR unary_expression
707 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
708 | SIZEOF unary_expression
709 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
710 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
711 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
712 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
713 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
714 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
715 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
716 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
717 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
718 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
719 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
720 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
721 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
722 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
723 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
724 ;
725
726ptrref_operator:
727 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
728 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
729 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
730 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
731 ;
732
733unary_operator:
734 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
735 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
736 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
737 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
738 ;
739
740cast_expression:
741 unary_expression
742 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
743 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
744 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
745 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
746 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
747 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
748 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
749 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
750 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
751 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
752 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
753 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
754 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
755// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
756// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
757 ;
758
759exponential_expression:
760 cast_expression
761 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
763 ;
764
765multiplicative_expression:
766 exponential_expression
767 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
768 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
769 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
770 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
771 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
772 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
773 ;
774
775additive_expression:
776 multiplicative_expression
777 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
778 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
779 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
780 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
781 ;
782
783shift_expression:
784 additive_expression
785 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
786 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
787 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
788 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
789 ;
790
791relational_expression:
792 shift_expression
793 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
794 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
795 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
796 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
797 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
798 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
799 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
800 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
801 ;
802
803equality_expression:
804 relational_expression
805 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
806 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
807 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
808 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
809 ;
810
811AND_expression:
812 equality_expression
813 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
814 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
815 ;
816
817exclusive_OR_expression:
818 AND_expression
819 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
820 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
821 ;
822
823inclusive_OR_expression:
824 exclusive_OR_expression
825 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
826 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
827 ;
828
829logical_AND_expression:
830 inclusive_OR_expression
831 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
832 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
833 ;
834
835logical_OR_expression:
836 logical_AND_expression
837 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
838 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
839 ;
840
841conditional_expression:
842 logical_OR_expression
843 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
844 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
845 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
846 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
847 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
848 ;
849
850constant_expression:
851 conditional_expression
852 ;
853
854assignment_expression:
855 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
856 conditional_expression
857 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
858 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
859 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
860 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
861 ;
862
863assignment_expression_opt:
864 // empty
865 { $$ = nullptr; }
866 | assignment_expression
867 ;
868
869assignment_operator:
870 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
871 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
872 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
873 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
874 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
875 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
876 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
877 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
878 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
879 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
880 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
881 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
882 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
883 ;
884
885tuple: // CFA, tuple
886 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
887 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
888// '[' ']'
889// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
890// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
891// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
892 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
893 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
894 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
895 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $6 ) ) ); }
896 ;
897
898tuple_expression_list:
899 assignment_expression_opt
900 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
901 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
902 ;
903
904comma_expression:
905 assignment_expression
906 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
907 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
908 ;
909
910comma_expression_opt:
911 // empty
912 { $$ = nullptr; }
913 | comma_expression
914 ;
915
916//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
917
918statement:
919 labeled_statement
920 | compound_statement
921 | expression_statement
922 | selection_statement
923 | iteration_statement
924 | jump_statement
925 | with_statement
926 | mutex_statement
927 | waitfor_statement
928 | exception_statement
929 | enable_disable_statement
930 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
931 | asm_statement
932 | DIRECTIVE
933 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
934 ;
935
936labeled_statement:
937 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
938 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
939 {
940 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
941 }
942 ;
943
944compound_statement:
945 '{' '}'
946 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
947 | '{' push
948 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
949 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
950 pop '}'
951 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
952 ;
953
954statement_decl_list: // C99
955 statement_decl
956 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
957 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
958 ;
959
960statement_decl:
961 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
962 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
963 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
964 {
965 distExt( $2 );
966 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
967 }
968 | function_definition
969 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
970 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
971 {
972 distExt( $2 );
973 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
974 }
975 | statement
976 ;
977
978statement_list_nodecl:
979 statement
980 | statement_list_nodecl statement
981 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
982 ;
983
984expression_statement:
985 comma_expression_opt ';'
986 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
987 ;
988
989selection_statement:
990 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
991 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
992 push if_statement pop
993 { $$ = $2; }
994 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
995 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
996 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
997 {
998 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
999 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1000 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1001 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1002 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1003 // statement.
1004 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1005 }
1006 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1007 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1008 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1009 {
1010 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1011 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1012 }
1013 ;
1014
1015if_statement:
1016 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1017 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1018 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
1019 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1020 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
1021 ;
1022
1023if_control_expression:
1024 comma_expression
1025 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1026 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1027 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1028 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1029 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1030 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1031 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
1032 ;
1033
1034// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1035// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1036
1037case_value: // CFA
1038 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1039 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1040 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1041 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1042 ;
1043
1044case_value_list: // CFA
1045 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1046 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1047 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1048 ;
1049
1050case_label: // CFA
1051 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1052 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1053 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1054 ;
1055
1056//label_list_opt:
1057// // empty
1058// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1059// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1060// ;
1061
1062case_label_list: // CFA
1063 case_label
1064 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1065 ;
1066
1067case_clause: // CFA
1068 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1069 ;
1070
1071switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1072 // empty
1073 { $$ = nullptr; }
1074 | switch_clause_list
1075 ;
1076
1077switch_clause_list: // CFA
1078 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1079 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1080 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1081 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1082 ;
1083
1084iteration_statement:
1085 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1086 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, $6 ) ); }
1087 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1088 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
1089 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement pop
1090 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1091 ;
1092
1093for_control_expression:
1094 comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1095 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1096 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1097 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1098 ;
1099
1100jump_statement:
1101 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1102 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1103 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1104 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1105 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1106 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1107 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1108 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1109 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1110 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1111 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1112 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1113 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1114 | CONTINUE ';'
1115 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1116 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1117 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1118 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1119 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1120 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1121 | BREAK ';'
1122 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1123 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1124 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1125 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1126 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1127 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1128 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1129 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1130 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1131 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1132 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1133 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1134 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1135 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1136 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1137 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1138 ;
1139
1140fall_through_name: // CFA
1141 FALLTHRU
1142 | FALLTHROUGH
1143 ;
1144
1145with_statement:
1146 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1147 {
1148 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1149 }
1150 ;
1151
1152// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1153mutex_statement:
1154 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1155 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1156 ;
1157
1158when_clause:
1159 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1160 ;
1161
1162when_clause_opt:
1163 // empty
1164 { $$ = nullptr; }
1165 | when_clause
1166 ;
1167
1168waitfor:
1169 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1170 { $$ = $3; }
1171 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1172 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1173 ;
1174
1175timeout:
1176 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1177 ;
1178
1179waitfor_clause:
1180 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1181 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1182 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1183 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1184 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1185 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1186 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1187 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1188 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1189 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1190 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1191 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1192 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1193 ;
1194
1195waitfor_statement:
1196 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1197 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1198 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1199 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1200 ;
1201
1202exception_statement:
1203 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1204 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1205 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1206 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1207 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1208 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1209 ;
1210
1211handler_clause:
1212 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1213 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1214 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1215 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1216 ;
1217
1218handler_predicate_opt:
1219 // empty
1220 { $$ = nullptr; }
1221 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1222 ;
1223
1224handler_key:
1225 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1226 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1227 ;
1228
1229finally_clause:
1230 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1231 ;
1232
1233exception_declaration:
1234 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1235 type_specifier_nobody
1236 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1237 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1238 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1239 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1240 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1241 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1242 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1243 ;
1244
1245enable_disable_statement:
1246 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1247 ;
1248
1249enable_disable_key:
1250 ENABLE
1251 | DISABLE
1252 ;
1253
1254asm_statement:
1255 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1256 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1257 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1258 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1259 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1260 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1261 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1262 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1263 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1264 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1265 ;
1266
1267asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1268 // empty
1269 { $$ = false; }
1270 | VOLATILE
1271 { $$ = true; }
1272 ;
1273
1274asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1275 // empty
1276 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1277 | asm_operands_list
1278 ;
1279
1280asm_operands_list: // GCC
1281 asm_operand
1282 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1283 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1284 ;
1285
1286asm_operand: // GCC
1287 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1288 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1289 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1290 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1291 ;
1292
1293asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1294 // empty
1295 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1296 | string_literal
1297 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1298 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1299 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1300 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1301 ;
1302
1303label_list:
1304 no_attr_identifier
1305 {
1306 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1307 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1308 }
1309 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1310 {
1311 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1312 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1313 }
1314 ;
1315
1316//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1317
1318declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1319 // empty
1320 { $$ = nullptr; }
1321 | declaration_list
1322 ;
1323
1324declaration_list:
1325 declaration
1326 | declaration_list declaration
1327 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1328 ;
1329
1330KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1331 // empty
1332 { $$ = nullptr; }
1333 | KR_parameter_list
1334 ;
1335
1336KR_parameter_list:
1337 push c_declaration pop ';'
1338 { $$ = $2; }
1339 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1340 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1341 ;
1342
1343local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1344 // empty
1345 | local_label_declaration_list
1346 ;
1347
1348local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1349 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1350 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1351 ;
1352
1353local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1354 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1355 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1356 ;
1357
1358declaration: // old & new style declarations
1359 c_declaration ';'
1360 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1361 | static_assert // C11
1362 ;
1363
1364static_assert:
1365 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1366 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1367 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1368 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1369
1370// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1371// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1372// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1373// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1374// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1375// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1376//
1377// CFA C
1378// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1379// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1380
1381cfa_declaration: // CFA
1382 cfa_variable_declaration
1383 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1384 | cfa_function_declaration
1385 | type_declaring_list
1386 | trait_specifier
1387 ;
1388
1389cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1390 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1391 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1392 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1393 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1394 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1395 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1396 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1397 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1398 ;
1399
1400cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1401 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1402 // storage-class
1403 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1404 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1405 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1406 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1407 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1408 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1409 ;
1410
1411cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1412 cfa_function_specifier
1413 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1414 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1415 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1416 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1417 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1418 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1419 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1420 {
1421 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1422 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1423 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1424 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1425 }
1426 ;
1427
1428cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1429// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1430// {
1431// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1432// }
1433// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1434// {
1435// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1436// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1437// }
1438// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1439// {
1440// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1441// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1442// }
1443// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1444 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1445 //
1446 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1447 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1448 //
1449 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1450 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1451 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1452 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1453 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1454 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1455 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1456 ;
1457
1458cfa_function_return: // CFA
1459 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1460 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1461 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1462 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1463 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1464 ;
1465
1466cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1467 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1468 {
1469 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1470 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1471 }
1472 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1473 {
1474 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1475 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1476 }
1477 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1478 {
1479 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1480 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1481 }
1482 ;
1483
1484// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1485// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1486
1487typedef_declaration:
1488 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1489 {
1490 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1491 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1492 }
1493 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1494 {
1495 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1496 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1497 }
1498 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1499 {
1500 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1501 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1502 }
1503 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1504 {
1505 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1506 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1507 }
1508 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1509 {
1510 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1511 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1512 }
1513 ;
1514
1515typedef_expression:
1516 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1517 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1518 {
1519 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1520 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1521 }
1522 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1523 {
1524 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1525 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1526 }
1527 ;
1528
1529//c_declaration:
1530// declaring_list pop ';'
1531// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1532// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1533// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1534// ;
1535//
1536//declaring_list:
1537// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1538// // storage-class
1539// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1540// {
1541// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1542// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1543// }
1544// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1545// {
1546// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1547// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1548// }
1549// ;
1550
1551c_declaration:
1552 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1553 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1554 | typedef_declaration
1555 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1556 | sue_declaration_specifier
1557 ;
1558
1559declaring_list:
1560 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1561 // storage-class
1562 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1563 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1564 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1565 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1566 ;
1567
1568declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1569 basic_declaration_specifier
1570 | sue_declaration_specifier
1571 | type_declaration_specifier
1572 ;
1573
1574declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1575 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1576 //
1577 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1578 //
1579 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1580 basic_declaration_specifier
1581 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1582 | type_declaration_specifier
1583 ;
1584
1585type_specifier: // type specifier
1586 basic_type_specifier
1587 | sue_type_specifier
1588 | type_type_specifier
1589 ;
1590
1591type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1592 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1593 //
1594 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1595 //
1596 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1597 basic_type_specifier
1598 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1599 | type_type_specifier
1600 ;
1601
1602type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1603 // empty
1604 { $$ = nullptr; }
1605 | type_qualifier_list
1606 ;
1607
1608type_qualifier_list:
1609 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1610 //
1611 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1612 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1613 // appeared only once.
1614 type_qualifier
1615 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1616 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1617 ;
1618
1619type_qualifier:
1620 type_qualifier_name
1621 | attribute
1622 ;
1623
1624type_qualifier_name:
1625 CONST
1626 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1627 | RESTRICT
1628 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1629 | VOLATILE
1630 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1631 | ATOMIC
1632 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1633 | forall
1634 ;
1635
1636forall:
1637 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1638 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1639 ;
1640
1641declaration_qualifier_list:
1642 storage_class_list
1643 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1644 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1645 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1646 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1647 ;
1648
1649storage_class_list:
1650 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1651 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1652 //
1653 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1654 // specifiers in a declaration.
1655 storage_class
1656 | storage_class_list storage_class
1657 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1658 ;
1659
1660storage_class:
1661 EXTERN
1662 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1663 | STATIC
1664 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1665 | AUTO
1666 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1667 | REGISTER
1668 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1669 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1670 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1671 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1672 | INLINE // C99
1673 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1674 | FORTRAN // C99
1675 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1676 | NORETURN // C11
1677 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1678 ;
1679
1680basic_type_name:
1681 VOID
1682 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1683 | BOOL // C99
1684 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1685 | CHAR
1686 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1687 | INT
1688 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1689 | INT128
1690 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1691 | FLOAT
1692 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1693 | FLOAT80
1694 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1695 | FLOAT128
1696 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1697 | DOUBLE
1698 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1699 | COMPLEX // C99
1700 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1701 | IMAGINARY // C99
1702 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1703 | SIGNED
1704 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1705 | UNSIGNED
1706 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1707 | SHORT
1708 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1709 | LONG
1710 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1711 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1712 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1713 ;
1714
1715basic_declaration_specifier:
1716 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1717 basic_type_specifier
1718 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1719 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1720 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1721 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1722 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1723 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1724 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1725 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1726 ;
1727
1728basic_type_specifier:
1729 direct_type
1730 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1731 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1732 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1733 ;
1734
1735direct_type:
1736 basic_type_name
1737 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1738 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1739 | direct_type type_qualifier
1740 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1741 | direct_type basic_type_name
1742 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1743 ;
1744
1745indirect_type:
1746 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1747 { $$ = $3; }
1748 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1749 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1750 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1751 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1752 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1753 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1754 | ZERO_T // CFA
1755 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1756 | ONE_T // CFA
1757 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1758 ;
1759
1760sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1761 sue_type_specifier
1762 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1763 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1764 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1765 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1766 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1767 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1768 ;
1769
1770sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1771 elaborated_type
1772 | type_qualifier_list
1773 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1774 elaborated_type
1775 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1776 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1777 {
1778 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1779 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1780 }
1781 ;
1782
1783sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1784 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1785 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1786 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1787 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1788 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1789 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1790 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1791 ;
1792
1793sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1794 elaborated_type_nobody
1795 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1796 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1797 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1798 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1799 ;
1800
1801type_declaration_specifier:
1802 type_type_specifier
1803 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1804 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1805 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1806 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1807 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1808 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1809 ;
1810
1811type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1812 type_name
1813 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1814 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1815 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1816 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1817 ;
1818
1819type_name:
1820 TYPEDEFname
1821 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1822 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1823 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
1824 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1825 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
1826 | typegen_name
1827 | '.' typegen_name
1828 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
1829 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1830 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
1831 ;
1832
1833typegen_name: // CFA
1834 TYPEGENname
1835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1836 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1837 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1838 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1839 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1840 ;
1841
1842elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1843 aggregate_type
1844 | enum_type
1845 ;
1846
1847elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1848 aggregate_type_nobody
1849 | enum_type_nobody
1850 ;
1851
1852fred:
1853 // empty
1854 { yyy = false; }
1855 ;
1856
1857aggregate_type: // struct, union
1858 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
1859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $6, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1860 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
1861 {
1862 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
1863 forall = false; // reset
1864 }
1865 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1867 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
1868 {
1869 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name, forall ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
1870 forall = false; // reset
1871 }
1872 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
1873 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1874 | aggregate_type_nobody
1875 ;
1876
1877type_parameters_opt:
1878 // empty
1879 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
1880 | '(' type_list ')'
1881 { $$ = $2; }
1882 ;
1883
1884aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1885 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
1886 {
1887 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
1888 forall = false; // reset
1889 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1890 }
1891 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
1892 {
1893 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1894 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1895 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1896 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1897 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1898 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1899 delete $3;
1900 }
1901 ;
1902
1903aggregate_key:
1904 STRUCT
1905 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1906 | UNION
1907 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1908 | EXCEPTION
1909 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
1910 | COROUTINE
1911 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1912 | MONITOR
1913 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1914 | THREAD
1915 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1916 ;
1917
1918field_declaration_list_opt:
1919 // empty
1920 { $$ = nullptr; }
1921 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
1922 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1923 ;
1924
1925field_declaration:
1926 type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1927 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1928 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1929 { distExt( $3 ); $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); } // mark all fields in list
1930 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
1931 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1932 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1933 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
1934 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
1935 | static_assert // C11
1936 ;
1937
1938cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1939 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1940 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1941 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1942 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1943 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1944 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1945 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1946 ;
1947
1948field_declaring_list:
1949 field_declarator_opt
1950 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator_opt
1951 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1952 ;
1953
1954field_declarator_opt:
1955 // empty
1956 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1957 // '@'
1958 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1959 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1960 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1961 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1962 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1963 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1964 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1965 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1966 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1967 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1968 ;
1969
1970bit_subrange_size_opt:
1971 // empty
1972 { $$ = nullptr; }
1973 | bit_subrange_size
1974 ;
1975
1976bit_subrange_size:
1977 ':' constant_expression
1978 { $$ = $2; }
1979 ;
1980
1981enum_type: // enum
1982 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1983 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1984 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1985 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1986 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1987 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1988 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
1989 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1990 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1991 | enum_type_nobody
1992 ;
1993
1994enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1995 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1996 {
1997 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1998 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1999 }
2000 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2001 {
2002 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
2003 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2004 }
2005 ;
2006
2007enumerator_list:
2008 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2009 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2010 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2011 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2012 ;
2013
2014enumerator_value_opt:
2015 // empty
2016 { $$ = nullptr; }
2017 | '=' constant_expression
2018 { $$ = $2; }
2019 ;
2020
2021cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2022 // empty
2023 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2024 | ELLIPSIS
2025 { $$ = nullptr; }
2026 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2027 | cfa_parameter_list
2028 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2029 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2030 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2031 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2032 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2033 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2034 ;
2035
2036cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2037 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2038 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2039 cfa_parameter_declaration
2040 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2041 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2042 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2043 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2044 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2045 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2046 ;
2047
2048cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2049 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2050 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2051 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2052 ;
2053
2054parameter_type_list_opt:
2055 // empty
2056 { $$ = nullptr; }
2057 | ELLIPSIS
2058 { $$ = nullptr; }
2059 | parameter_list
2060 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2061 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2062 ;
2063
2064parameter_list: // abstract + real
2065 abstract_parameter_declaration
2066 | parameter_declaration
2067 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2068 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2069 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2070 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2071 ;
2072
2073// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2074// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2075
2076cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2077 parameter_declaration
2078 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2079 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2080 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2081 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2082 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2083 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2084 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2085 | cfa_function_specifier
2086 ;
2087
2088cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2089 abstract_parameter_declaration
2090 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2091 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2092 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2093 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2094 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2095 | cfa_abstract_function
2096 ;
2097
2098parameter_declaration:
2099 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2100 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2101 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2102 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2103 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2104 ;
2105
2106abstract_parameter_declaration:
2107 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2108 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2109 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2110 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2111 ;
2112
2113// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2114// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2115// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2116
2117identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2118 no_attr_identifier
2119 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2120 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2121 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2122 ;
2123
2124identifier_or_type_name:
2125 identifier
2126 | TYPEDEFname
2127 | TYPEGENname
2128 ;
2129
2130no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2131 no_attr_identifier
2132 | TYPEDEFname
2133 | TYPEGENname
2134 ;
2135
2136type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2137 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2138 | type_specifier
2139 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2140 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2141 ;
2142
2143type: // typeof, assertion
2144 type_no_function
2145 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2146 ;
2147
2148initializer_opt:
2149 // empty
2150 { $$ = nullptr; }
2151 | '=' initializer
2152 { $$ = $2; }
2153 | '=' VOID
2154 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2155 | ATassign initializer
2156 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2157 ;
2158
2159initializer:
2160 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2161 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2162 ;
2163
2164initializer_list_opt:
2165 // empty
2166 { $$ = nullptr; }
2167 | initializer
2168 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2169 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2170 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2171 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2172 ;
2173
2174// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2175// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2176//
2177// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2178//
2179// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2180// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2181// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2182// shift/reduce conflicts
2183
2184designation:
2185 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2186 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2187 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2188 ;
2189
2190designator_list: // C99
2191 designator
2192 | designator_list designator
2193 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2194 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2195 ;
2196
2197designator:
2198 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2199 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2200 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2201 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2202 { $$ = $3; }
2203 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2204 { $$ = $3; }
2205 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2206 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2207 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2208 { $$ = $4; }
2209 ;
2210
2211// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2212// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2213//
2214// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2215//
2216// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2217// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2218// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2219//
2220// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2221// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2222//
2223// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2224// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2225// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2226// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2227// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2228
2229type_parameter_list: // CFA
2230 type_parameter
2231 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2232 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2233 ;
2234
2235type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2236 // empty
2237 { $$ = nullptr; }
2238 | '=' type
2239 { $$ = $2; }
2240 ;
2241
2242type_parameter: // CFA
2243 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2244 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2245 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2246 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2247 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2248 | assertion_list
2249 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2250 ;
2251
2252type_class: // CFA
2253 OTYPE
2254 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2255 | DTYPE
2256 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2257 | FTYPE
2258 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2259 | TTYPE
2260 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2261 ;
2262
2263assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2264 // empty
2265 { $$ = nullptr; }
2266 | assertion_list
2267 ;
2268
2269assertion_list: // CFA
2270 assertion
2271 | assertion_list assertion
2272 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2273 ;
2274
2275assertion: // CFA
2276 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2277 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2278 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2279 { $$ = $4; }
2280 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2281 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2282 ;
2283
2284type_list: // CFA
2285 type
2286 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2287 | assignment_expression
2288 | type_list ',' type
2289 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2290 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2291 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2292 ;
2293
2294type_declaring_list: // CFA
2295 OTYPE type_declarator
2296 { $$ = $2; }
2297 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2298 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2299 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2300 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2301 ;
2302
2303type_declarator: // CFA
2304 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2305 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2306 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2307 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2308 ;
2309
2310type_declarator_name: // CFA
2311 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2312 {
2313 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2314 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2315 }
2316 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2317 {
2318 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2319 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2320 }
2321 ;
2322
2323trait_specifier: // CFA
2324 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2325 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2326 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2327 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2328 ;
2329
2330trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2331 trait_declaration
2332 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2333 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2334 ;
2335
2336trait_declaration: // CFA
2337 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2338 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2339 ;
2340
2341cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2342 cfa_variable_specifier
2343 | cfa_function_specifier
2344 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2345 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2346 ;
2347
2348trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2349 type_specifier declarator
2350 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2351 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2352 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2353 ;
2354
2355//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2356
2357translation_unit:
2358 // empty, input file
2359 | external_definition_list
2360 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2361 ;
2362
2363external_definition_list:
2364 push external_definition pop
2365 { $$ = $2; }
2366 | external_definition_list
2367 { forall = xxx; }
2368 push external_definition pop
2369 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $4 ) : $4; }
2370 ;
2371
2372external_definition_list_opt:
2373 // empty
2374 { $$ = nullptr; }
2375 | external_definition_list
2376 ;
2377
2378up:
2379 { typedefTable.up(); }
2380 ;
2381
2382down:
2383 { typedefTable.down(); }
2384 ;
2385
2386external_definition:
2387 declaration
2388 | external_function_definition
2389 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2390 {
2391 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2392 $$ = $2;
2393 }
2394 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2395 {
2396 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2397 }
2398 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2399 {
2400 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2401 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2402 }
2403 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2404 {
2405 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2406 linkageStack.pop();
2407 $$ = $6;
2408 }
2409 | type_qualifier_list
2410 {
2411 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2412 if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2413 }
2414 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2415 {
2416 distQual( $5, $1 );
2417 xxx = false;
2418 $$ = $5;
2419 }
2420 | declaration_qualifier_list
2421 {
2422 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2423 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2424 }
2425 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2426 {
2427 distQual( $5, $1 );
2428 xxx = false;
2429 $$ = $5;
2430 }
2431 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2432 {
2433 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2434 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2435 }
2436 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2437 {
2438 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2439 xxx = false;
2440 $$ = $6;
2441 }
2442 ;
2443
2444external_function_definition:
2445 function_definition
2446 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2447 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2448 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2449 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2450 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2451 | function_declarator compound_statement
2452 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2453 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2454 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2455 ;
2456
2457with_clause_opt:
2458 // empty
2459 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2460 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2461 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2462 ;
2463
2464function_definition:
2465 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2466 {
2467 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2468 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2469 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2470 $$ = $1;
2471 }
2472 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2473 {
2474 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2475 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2476 }
2477 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2478 {
2479 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2480 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2481 }
2482 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2483 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2484 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2485 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2486 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2487 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2488 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2489 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2490 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2491
2492 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2493 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2494 {
2495 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2496 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2497 }
2498 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2499 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2500 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2501 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2502 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2503 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2504 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2505 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2506 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2507 ;
2508
2509declarator:
2510 variable_declarator
2511 | variable_type_redeclarator
2512 | function_declarator
2513 ;
2514
2515subrange:
2516 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2517 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2518 ;
2519
2520asm_name_opt: // GCC
2521 // empty
2522 { $$ = nullptr; }
2523 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2524 {
2525 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2526 name->asmName = $3;
2527 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2528 }
2529 ;
2530
2531attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2532 // empty
2533 { $$ = nullptr; }
2534 | attribute_list
2535 ;
2536
2537attribute_list: // GCC
2538 attribute
2539 | attribute_list attribute
2540 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2541 ;
2542
2543attribute: // GCC
2544 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2545 { $$ = $4; }
2546 ;
2547
2548attribute_name_list: // GCC
2549 attribute_name
2550 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2551 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2552 ;
2553
2554attribute_name: // GCC
2555 // empty
2556 { $$ = nullptr; }
2557 | attr_name
2558 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2559 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2560 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2561 ;
2562
2563attr_name: // GCC
2564 IDENTIFIER
2565 | quasi_keyword
2566 | TYPEDEFname
2567 | TYPEGENname
2568 | FALLTHROUGH
2569 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2570 | CONST
2571 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2572 ;
2573
2574// ============================================================================
2575// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2576// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2577// in:
2578//
2579// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2580// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2581//
2582// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2583// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2584// ============================================================================
2585
2586// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2587// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2588// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2589//
2590// valid declaration invalid definition
2591// ----------------- ------------------
2592// int f; int f {}
2593// int *f; int *f {}
2594// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2595// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2596//
2597// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2598// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2599// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2600
2601// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2602// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2603
2604variable_declarator:
2605 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2606 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2607 | variable_ptr
2608 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2609 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2610 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2611 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2612 ;
2613
2614paren_identifier:
2615 identifier
2616 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2617 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2618 { $$ = $2; }
2619 ;
2620
2621variable_ptr:
2622 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2623 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2624 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2625 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2626 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2627 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2628 ;
2629
2630variable_array:
2631 paren_identifier array_dimension
2632 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2633 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2634 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2635 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2636 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2637 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2638 { $$ = $2; }
2639 ;
2640
2641variable_function:
2642 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2643 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2644 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2645 { $$ = $2; }
2646 ;
2647
2648// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2649// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2650// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2651
2652function_declarator:
2653 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2654 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2655 | function_ptr
2656 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2657 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2658 ;
2659
2660function_no_ptr:
2661 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2662 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2663 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2664 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2665 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2666 { $$ = $2; }
2667 ;
2668
2669function_ptr:
2670 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2671 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2672 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2673 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2674 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2675 { $$ = $2; }
2676 ;
2677
2678function_array:
2679 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2680 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2681 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2682 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2683 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2684 { $$ = $2; }
2685 ;
2686
2687// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2688//
2689// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2690//
2691// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2692// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2693
2694KR_function_declarator:
2695 KR_function_no_ptr
2696 | KR_function_ptr
2697 | KR_function_array
2698 ;
2699
2700KR_function_no_ptr:
2701 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2702 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2703 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2704 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2705 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2706 { $$ = $2; }
2707 ;
2708
2709KR_function_ptr:
2710 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2711 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2712 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2713 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2714 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2715 { $$ = $2; }
2716 ;
2717
2718KR_function_array:
2719 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2720 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2721 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2722 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2723 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2724 { $$ = $2; }
2725 ;
2726
2727// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2728//
2729// typedef int foo;
2730// {
2731// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2732// }
2733//
2734// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2735// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2736
2737variable_type_redeclarator:
2738 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2739 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2740 | type_ptr
2741 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2742 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2743 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2744 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2745 ;
2746
2747paren_type:
2748 typedef
2749 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2750 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" ); }
2751 | '(' paren_type ')'
2752 { $$ = $2; }
2753 ;
2754
2755type_ptr:
2756 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2757 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2758 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2759 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2760 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2761 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2762 ;
2763
2764type_array:
2765 paren_type array_dimension
2766 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2767 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2768 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2769 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2770 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2771 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2772 { $$ = $2; }
2773 ;
2774
2775type_function:
2776 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2777 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2778 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2779 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2780 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2781 { $$ = $2; }
2782 ;
2783
2784// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2785// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2786// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2787// pointers to arrays and functions.
2788
2789identifier_parameter_declarator:
2790 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2791 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2792 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2793 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2794 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2795 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2796 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2797 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2798 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2799 ;
2800
2801identifier_parameter_ptr:
2802 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2803 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2804 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2805 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2806 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2807 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2808 ;
2809
2810identifier_parameter_array:
2811 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2812 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2813 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2814 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2815 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2816 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2817 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2818 { $$ = $2; }
2819 ;
2820
2821identifier_parameter_function:
2822 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2823 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2824 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2825 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2826 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2827 { $$ = $2; }
2828 ;
2829
2830// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2831// e.g.:
2832//
2833// typedef int foo;
2834// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2835// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2836//
2837// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2838
2839type_parameter_redeclarator:
2840 typedef attribute_list_opt
2841 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2842 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2843 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2844 | type_parameter_ptr
2845 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2846 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2847 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2848 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2849 ;
2850
2851typedef:
2852 TYPEDEFname
2853 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2854 | TYPEGENname
2855 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2856 ;
2857
2858type_parameter_ptr:
2859 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2860 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2861 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2862 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2863 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2864 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2865 ;
2866
2867type_parameter_array:
2868 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2869 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2870 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2871 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2872 ;
2873
2874type_parameter_function:
2875 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2876 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2877 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2878 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2879 ;
2880
2881// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2882// which the type applies, e.g.:
2883//
2884// sizeof( int );
2885// sizeof( int * );
2886// sizeof( int [10] );
2887// sizeof( int (*)() );
2888// sizeof( int () );
2889//
2890// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2891// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2892
2893abstract_declarator:
2894 abstract_ptr
2895 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2896 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2897 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2898 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2899 ;
2900
2901abstract_ptr:
2902 ptrref_operator
2903 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2904 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2905 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2906 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2907 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2908 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2909 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2910 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2911 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2912 ;
2913
2914abstract_array:
2915 array_dimension
2916 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2917 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2918 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2919 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2920 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2921 { $$ = $2; }
2922 ;
2923
2924abstract_function:
2925 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2926 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2927 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2928 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2929 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2930 { $$ = $2; }
2931 ;
2932
2933array_dimension:
2934 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2935 '[' ']'
2936 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2937 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2938 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2939 | multi_array_dimension
2940 ;
2941
2942multi_array_dimension:
2943 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2944 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2945 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2946 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2947 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2948 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2949 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2950 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2951 ;
2952
2953// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2954// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2955//
2956// int f( int ); // not handled here
2957// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2958// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2959// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2960//
2961// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2962// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2963// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2964//
2965// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2966// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2967// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2968//
2969// For example:
2970//
2971// typedef float T;
2972// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2973// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2974// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2975// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2976//
2977// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2978// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2979// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2980// functions.
2981
2982abstract_parameter_declarator:
2983 abstract_parameter_ptr
2984 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2985 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2986 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2987 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2988 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2989 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2990 ;
2991
2992abstract_parameter_ptr:
2993 ptrref_operator
2994 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
2995 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2996 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2997 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
2998 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
2999 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3000 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3001 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3002 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3003 ;
3004
3005abstract_parameter_array:
3006 array_parameter_dimension
3007 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3008 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3009 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3010 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3011 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3012 { $$ = $2; }
3013 ;
3014
3015abstract_parameter_function:
3016 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3017 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3018 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3019 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3020 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3021 { $$ = $2; }
3022 ;
3023
3024array_parameter_dimension:
3025 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3026 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3027 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3028 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3029 | multi_array_dimension
3030 ;
3031
3032// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3033//
3034// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3035// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3036
3037array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3038 '[' ']'
3039 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3040 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3041 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3042 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3043 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3044 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3045 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3046 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3047 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3048 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3049 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3050 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3051 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3052 ;
3053
3054// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3055//
3056// struct S {
3057// int;
3058// int *;
3059// int [10];
3060// int (*)();
3061// };
3062
3063variable_abstract_declarator:
3064 variable_abstract_ptr
3065 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3066 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3067 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3068 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3069 ;
3070
3071variable_abstract_ptr:
3072 ptrref_operator
3073 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3074 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3075 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3076 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3077 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3078 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3079 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3080 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3081 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3082 ;
3083
3084variable_abstract_array:
3085 array_dimension
3086 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3087 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3088 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3089 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3090 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3091 { $$ = $2; }
3092 ;
3093
3094variable_abstract_function:
3095 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3096 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3097 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3098 { $$ = $2; }
3099 ;
3100
3101// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3102// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3103
3104cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3105 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3106 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3107 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3108 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3109 ;
3110
3111cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3112 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3113 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3114 ;
3115
3116cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3117 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3118 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3119 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3120 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3121 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3122 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3123 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3124 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3125 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3126 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3127 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3128 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3129 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3130 ;
3131
3132cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3133 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3134 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3135 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3136 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3137 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3138 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3139 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3140 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3141 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3142 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3143 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3144 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3145
3146 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3147 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3148 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3149 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3150 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3151 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3152 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3153 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3154 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3155 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3156 ;
3157
3158cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3159 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3160 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3161 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3162 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3163 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3164 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3165 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3166 // appear in this context.
3167 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3168 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3169 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3170 ;
3171
3172// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3173// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3174//
3175// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3176// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3177//
3178// These rules need LR(3):
3179//
3180// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3181// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3182//
3183// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3184//
3185// [int, int] t;
3186// [int, int] f( int );
3187//
3188// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3189// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3190// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3191// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3192
3193cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3194 cfa_abstract_tuple
3195 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3196 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3197 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3198 ;
3199
3200cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3201 cfa_abstract_ptr
3202 | cfa_abstract_array
3203 ;
3204
3205cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3206 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3207 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3208 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3209 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3210 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3211 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3212 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3213 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3214 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3215 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3216 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3217 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3218 ;
3219
3220cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3221 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3222 // empty (void) function return type.
3223 '[' ']' type_specifier
3224 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3225 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3226 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3227 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3228 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3229 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3230 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3231 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3232 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3233 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3234 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3235 ;
3236
3237cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3238 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3239 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3240 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3241 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3242 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3243 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3244 ;
3245
3246cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3247// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3248// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3249 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3250 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3251 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3252 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3253 ;
3254
3255// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3256// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3257//
3258// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3259// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3260//
3261// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3262// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3263//
3264// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3265// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3266
3267//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3268
3269comma_opt: // redundant comma
3270 // empty
3271 | ','
3272 ;
3273
3274default_initialize_opt:
3275 // empty
3276 { $$ = nullptr; }
3277 | '=' assignment_expression
3278 { $$ = $2; }
3279 ;
3280
3281%%
3282
3283// ----end of grammar----
3284
3285// Local Variables: //
3286// mode: c++ //
3287// tab-width: 4 //
3288// compile-command: "make install" //
3289// End: //
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