source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ aa96fba

ADT arm-eh ast-experimental enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since aa96fba was 9306559f, checked in by Thierry Delisle <tdelisle@…>, 6 years ago

Fixed small errors in generators code

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 136.3 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Wed Feb 26 14:27:39 2020
13// Update Count : 4472
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
54#include "ParseNode.h"
55#include "TypedefTable.h"
56#include "TypeData.h"
57#include "SynTree/LinkageSpec.h"
58#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
59#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
60
61extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
62extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
63extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
64
65stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
66
67bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
68 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
69 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
70 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
71 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
72 //
73 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
74 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
75 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
76
77 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
79 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
80 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
81 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
82 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
83 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
84 } // if
85 } else {
86 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
87 to = "u8" + to;
88 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
89 } else {
90 to = from[0] + to;
91 } // if
92 } // if
93 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
94 } // if
95 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
96 return true;
97} // appendStr
98
99DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
100 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
101 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106 return declList;
107} // distAttr
108
109void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
110 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
111 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
112 iter->set_extension( true );
113 } // for
114} // distExt
115
116void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
117 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
118 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
119 iter->set_inLine( true );
120 } // for
121} // distInl
122
123void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
124 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
125 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
126 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
127 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
128 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
129 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
130 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
131 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
132 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
133 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
134 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
135 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
136 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
137 DeclarationNode newnode;
138 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
139 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
140 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
141 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
142 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
143 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
144 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
145 } // if
146 } else { // just SC qualifiers
147 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
148 } // if
149 } // for
150 delete qualifiers;
151} // distQual
152
153// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
154// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
155// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
156// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
157// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
158// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
159// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
160
161void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
162 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
163 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
164 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
165 } // if
166} // rebindForall
167
168string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
169 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
170 return name;
171} // build_postfix_name
172
173DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
174 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
175 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
176 stringstream ss;
177 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
178 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
179 return nullptr;
180 } // if
181 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
182 } // if
183 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
184} // fieldDecl
185
186ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
187 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
188 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
189 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
190 } // if
191 return new ForCtrl(
192 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
193 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
194 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
195 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
196 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
197} // forCtrl
198
199ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
200 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
201 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
202 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
203 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
204 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
205 } else {
206 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); return nullptr;
207 } // if
208 } else {
209 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); return nullptr;
210 } // if
211} // forCtrl
212
213bool forall = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
214
215// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
216#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
217if ( N ) { \
218 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
219 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
220 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
221 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
222 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
223} else { \
224 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
225 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
226 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
227}
228%}
229
230%define parse.error verbose
231
232// Types declaration for productions
233%union {
234 Token tok;
235 ParseNode * pn;
236 ExpressionNode * en;
237 DeclarationNode * decl;
238 AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
239 TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
240 StatementNode * sn;
241 WaitForStmt * wfs;
242 Expression * constant;
243 IfCtrl * ifctl;
244 ForCtrl * fctl;
245 enum OperKinds compop;
246 LabelNode * label;
247 InitializerNode * in;
248 OperKinds op;
249 std::string * str;
250 bool flag;
251 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
252 GenericExpr * genexpr;
253}
254
255//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
256
257// keywords
258%token TYPEDEF
259%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
260%token THREADLOCAL // C11
261%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
262%token NORETURN // C11
263%token CONST VOLATILE
264%token RESTRICT // C99
265%token ATOMIC // C11
266%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL COERCE // CFA
267%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
268%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
269%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
270%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
271%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
272%token VALIST // GCC
273%token AUTO_TYPE // GCC
274%token TYPEOF BASETYPEOF LABEL // GCC
275%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
276%token EXCEPTION // CFA
277%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
278%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
279%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
280// %token RESUME // CFA
281%token SUSPEND // CFA
282%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
283%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
284%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
285%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
286%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
287
288// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
289%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
290%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
291%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
292%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
293// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
294// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
295// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
296%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
297
298// multi-character operators
299%token ARROW // ->
300%token ICR DECR // ++ --
301%token LS RS // << >>
302%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
303%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
304%token ELLIPSIS // ...
305
306%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
307%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
308%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
309%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
310
311%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
312%token ATassign // @=
313
314%type<tok> identifier
315%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name attr_name
316%type<tok> quasi_keyword
317%type<constant> string_literal
318%type<str> string_literal_list
319
320// expressions
321%type<en> constant
322%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
323%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
324%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
325%type<en> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
326%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
327%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
328%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
329%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
330%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
331%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
332%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
333%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
334%type<compop> inclexcl
335%type<en> subrange
336%type<decl> asm_name_opt
337%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
338%type<label> label_list
339%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
340%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
341%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
342%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
343
344// statements
345%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
346%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
347%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
348%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
349%type<en> case_value
350%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
351%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
352%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
353%type<sn> with_statement
354%type<en> with_clause_opt
355%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
356%type<catch_kind> handler_key
357%type<sn> mutex_statement
358%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
359%type<sn> waitfor_statement
360%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
361
362// declarations
363%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
364%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
365%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
366
367%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
368%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
369
370%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
371
372%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
373
374%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
375
376%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
377
378%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
379%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
380
381%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
382
383%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
384%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
385
386%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
387
388%type<decl> exception_declaration
389
390%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
391%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
392
393%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
394
395%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
396%type<decl> identifier_list
397
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
399%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
400%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
401
402%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
403
404%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
405%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
406
407%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
408%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
409
410%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
411
412%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
413
414%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
415%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
416%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
419
420%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
421
422%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
423
424%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
425
426%type<tclass> type_class
427%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
428
429%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
430%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
431
432%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
433
434%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
435
436%type<decl> type type_no_function
437%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
438
439%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
440
441%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
442%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
443
444%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
445%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
446
447%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
448
449// initializers
450%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
451
452// designators
453%type<en> designator designator_list designation
454
455
456// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
457// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
458// if ( C ) S1 else S2
459// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
460// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
461
462// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
463// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
464%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
465%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
468
469// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
470// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
471// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
472// Foo ( *fp )( int );
473// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
474// must be:
475// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
476// The same problem occurs here:
477// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
478// must be:
479// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
480
481// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
482%precedence TYPEGENname
483%precedence '}'
484%precedence '('
485
486// %precedence RESUME
487// %precedence '{'
488// %precedence ')'
489
490%locations // support location tracking for error messages
491
492%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
493
494%%
495//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
496
497// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
498// which are lexically identical.
499//
500// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
501// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
502//
503// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
504// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
505// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
506// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
507// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
508//
509// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
510// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
511// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
512// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
513// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
514// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
515// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
516//
517// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
518// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
519// around the list separator.
520//
521// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
522// push pop push pop
523
524push:
525 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
526 ;
527
528pop:
529 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
530 ;
531
532//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
533
534constant:
535 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
536 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
537 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
538 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
539 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
540 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
541 ;
542
543quasi_keyword: // CFA
544 TIMEOUT
545 | WOR
546 ;
547
548identifier:
549 IDENTIFIER
550 | quasi_keyword
551 | '@' // CFA
552 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
553 ;
554
555string_literal:
556 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
557 ;
558
559string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
560 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
561 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
562 {
563 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
564 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
565 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
566 }
567 ;
568
569//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
570
571primary_expression:
572 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
573 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
574 | quasi_keyword
575 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
576 | tuple
577 | '(' comma_expression ')'
578 { $$ = $2; }
579 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
580 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
581 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
582 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
583 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
584 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
585 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
586 {
587 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
588 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
589 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
590 }
591 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
592 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
593 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
594 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
595 ;
596
597generic_assoc_list: // C11
598 generic_association
599 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
600 {
601 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
602 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
603 delete $3;
604 $$ = $1;
605 }
606 ;
607
608generic_association: // C11
609 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
610 {
611 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
612 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
613 }
614 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
615 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
616 ;
617
618postfix_expression:
619 primary_expression
620 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
621 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
622 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
623 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
624 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
625 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
626 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
627 {
628 Token fn;
629 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
630 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
631 }
632 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
633 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
634 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
635 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
636 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
637 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
638 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
639 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
640 | postfix_expression '.' identifier
641 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
642 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
643 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
644 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
645 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
646 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
647 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
648 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
649 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $3, $1 ) ); }
650 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
651 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
652 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
653 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
654 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
655 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
656 | postfix_expression ICR
657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
658 | postfix_expression DECR
659 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
660 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
661 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
662 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
663 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
664 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, destructor call
665 {
666 Token fn;
667 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
668 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
669 }
670 ;
671
672argument_expression_list:
673 // empty
674 { $$ = nullptr; }
675 | argument_expression
676 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
677 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
678 ;
679
680argument_expression:
681 '@' // CFA, default parameter
682 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
683 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
684 | assignment_expression
685 ;
686
687field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
688 field
689 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
690 ;
691
692field: // CFA, tuple field selector
693 field_name
694 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
695 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
696 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
697 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
698 | field_name '.' field
699 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
700 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
701 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
702 | field_name ARROW field
703 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
704 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
705 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
706 ;
707
708field_name:
709 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
710 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
711 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
712 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
713 | identifier fraction_constants_opt
714 {
715 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
716 }
717 ;
718
719fraction_constants_opt:
720 // empty
721 { $$ = nullptr; }
722 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
723 {
724 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
725 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
726 }
727 ;
728
729unary_expression:
730 postfix_expression
731 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
732 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
733 | constant
734 | string_literal
735 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
736 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
737 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
738 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
739 // { * X; } // dereference X
740 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
741 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
742 {
743 switch ( $1 ) {
744 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
745 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
746 break;
747 case OperKinds::PointTo:
748 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
749 break;
750 case OperKinds::And:
751 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
752 break;
753 default:
754 assert( false );
755 }
756 }
757 | unary_operator cast_expression
758 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
759 | ICR unary_expression
760 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
761 | DECR unary_expression
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
763 | SIZEOF unary_expression
764 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
765 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
766 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
767 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
768 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
769 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
770 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
771 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
772 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
773 ;
774
775ptrref_operator:
776 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
777 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
778 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
779 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
780 ;
781
782unary_operator:
783 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
784 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
785 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
786 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
787 ;
788
789cast_expression:
790 unary_expression
791 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
792 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
793 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
794 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
795 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
796 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
797 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
798 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
799 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
800 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
801 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
802 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
803 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
804 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
805 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
806// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
807// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
808 ;
809
810qualifier_cast_list:
811 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
812 | cast_modifier MUTEX
813 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
814 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
815 ;
816
817cast_modifier:
818 '-'
819 | '+'
820 ;
821
822exponential_expression:
823 cast_expression
824 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
825 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
826 ;
827
828multiplicative_expression:
829 exponential_expression
830 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
831 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
832 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
833 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
834 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
835 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
836 ;
837
838additive_expression:
839 multiplicative_expression
840 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
841 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
842 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
843 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
844 ;
845
846shift_expression:
847 additive_expression
848 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
849 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
850 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
851 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
852 ;
853
854relational_expression:
855 shift_expression
856 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
857 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
858 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
859 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
860 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
861 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
862 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
863 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
864 ;
865
866equality_expression:
867 relational_expression
868 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
869 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
870 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
871 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
872 ;
873
874AND_expression:
875 equality_expression
876 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
877 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
878 ;
879
880exclusive_OR_expression:
881 AND_expression
882 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
883 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
884 ;
885
886inclusive_OR_expression:
887 exclusive_OR_expression
888 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
889 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
890 ;
891
892logical_AND_expression:
893 inclusive_OR_expression
894 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
895 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
896 ;
897
898logical_OR_expression:
899 logical_AND_expression
900 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
901 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
902 ;
903
904conditional_expression:
905 logical_OR_expression
906 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
907 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
908 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
909 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
910 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
911 ;
912
913constant_expression:
914 conditional_expression
915 ;
916
917assignment_expression:
918 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
919 conditional_expression
920 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
921 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
922 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
923 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
924 ;
925
926assignment_expression_opt:
927 // empty
928 { $$ = nullptr; }
929 | assignment_expression
930 ;
931
932assignment_operator:
933 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
934 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
935 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
936 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
937 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
938 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
939 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
940 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
941 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
942 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
943 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
944 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
945 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
946 ;
947
948tuple: // CFA, tuple
949 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
950 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
951// '[' ']'
952// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
953// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
954// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
955 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
956 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
957 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
958 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $6 ) ) )); }
959 ;
960
961tuple_expression_list:
962 assignment_expression_opt
963 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
964 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
965 ;
966
967comma_expression:
968 assignment_expression
969 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
970 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
971 ;
972
973comma_expression_opt:
974 // empty
975 { $$ = nullptr; }
976 | comma_expression
977 ;
978
979//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
980
981statement:
982 labeled_statement
983 | compound_statement
984 | expression_statement
985 | selection_statement
986 | iteration_statement
987 | jump_statement
988 | with_statement
989 | mutex_statement
990 | waitfor_statement
991 | exception_statement
992 | enable_disable_statement
993 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
994 | asm_statement
995 | DIRECTIVE
996 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
997 ;
998
999labeled_statement:
1000 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1001 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1002 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1003 ;
1004
1005compound_statement:
1006 '{' '}'
1007 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1008 | '{' push
1009 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
1010 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1011 pop '}'
1012 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1013 ;
1014
1015statement_decl_list: // C99
1016 statement_decl
1017 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1018 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1019 ;
1020
1021statement_decl:
1022 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1023 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1024 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1025 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1026 | function_definition
1027 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1028 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1029 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1030 | statement
1031 ;
1032
1033statement_list_nodecl:
1034 statement
1035 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1036 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1037 ;
1038
1039expression_statement:
1040 comma_expression_opt ';'
1041 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1042 ;
1043
1044selection_statement:
1045 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1046 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1047 push if_statement pop
1048 { $$ = $2; }
1049 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1050 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1051 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1052 {
1053 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1054 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1055 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1056 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1057 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1058 // statement.
1059 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1060 }
1061 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1062 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1063 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1064 {
1065 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1066 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1067 }
1068 ;
1069
1070if_statement:
1071 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1072 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1073 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
1074 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1075 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
1076 ;
1077
1078if_control_expression:
1079 comma_expression
1080 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1081 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1082 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1083 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1084 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1085 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1086 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1087 ;
1088
1089// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1090// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1091
1092case_value: // CFA
1093 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1094 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1095 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1096 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1097 ;
1098
1099case_value_list: // CFA
1100 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1101 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1102 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1103 ;
1104
1105case_label: // CFA
1106 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1107 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1108 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1109 ;
1110
1111//label_list_opt:
1112// // empty
1113// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1114// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1115// ;
1116
1117case_label_list: // CFA
1118 case_label
1119 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1120 ;
1121
1122case_clause: // CFA
1123 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1124 ;
1125
1126switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1127 // empty
1128 { $$ = nullptr; }
1129 | switch_clause_list
1130 ;
1131
1132switch_clause_list: // CFA
1133 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1134 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1135 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1136 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1137 ;
1138
1139iteration_statement:
1140 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1141 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, $6 ) ); }
1142 | WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1143 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), $4 ) ); }
1144 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1145 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
1146 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1147 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), $2 ) ); }
1148 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression_list ')' statement pop
1149 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1150 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1151 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), $4 ) ); }
1152 ;
1153
1154for_control_expression_list:
1155 for_control_expression
1156 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1157 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1158 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1159 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1160 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1161 {
1162 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1163 if ( $1->condition ) {
1164 if ( $3->condition ) {
1165 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1166 } // if
1167 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1168 if ( $1->change ) {
1169 if ( $3->change ) {
1170 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1171 } // if
1172 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1173 $$ = $1;
1174 }
1175 ;
1176
1177for_control_expression:
1178 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1179 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1180 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1181 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1182 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1183 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1184
1185 | comma_expression // CFA
1186 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1187 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1188 | '=' comma_expression // CFA
1189 { $$ = forCtrl( $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1190 OperKinds::LEThan, $2->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1191 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1192 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1193 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1194 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1195 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1196 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1197 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1198 | comma_expression ';' '=' comma_expression // CFA
1199 { $$ = forCtrl( $4, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1200 OperKinds::LEThan, $4->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1201 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1202 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1203 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1204 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1205
1206 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1207 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1208 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1209 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1210 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1211 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1212 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1213 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1214 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1215 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1216 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1217 ;
1218
1219inclexcl:
1220 '~'
1221 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1222 | ErangeUpEq
1223 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1224 | ErangeDown
1225 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1226 | ErangeDownEq
1227 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1228 ;
1229
1230jump_statement:
1231 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1232 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1233 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1234 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1235 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1236 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1237 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1238 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1239 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1240 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1241 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1242 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1243 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1244 | CONTINUE ';'
1245 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1246 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1247 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1248 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1249 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1250 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1251 | BREAK ';'
1252 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1253 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1254 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1255 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1256 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1257 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1258 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1259 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1260 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1261 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1262 | SUSPEND ';'
1263 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr ) ); }
1264 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1265 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $2 ) ); }
1266 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1267 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1268 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1269 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1270 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1271 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1272 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1273 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1274 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1275 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1276 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1277 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1278 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1279 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1280 ;
1281
1282fall_through_name: // CFA
1283 FALLTHRU
1284 | FALLTHROUGH
1285 ;
1286
1287with_statement:
1288 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1289 {
1290 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1291 }
1292 ;
1293
1294// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1295mutex_statement:
1296 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1297 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1298 ;
1299
1300when_clause:
1301 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1302 ;
1303
1304when_clause_opt:
1305 // empty
1306 { $$ = nullptr; }
1307 | when_clause
1308 ;
1309
1310waitfor:
1311 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1312 { $$ = $3; }
1313// | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1314// { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1315 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list ')'
1316 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 )); }
1317 ;
1318
1319cast_expression_list:
1320 cast_expression
1321 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1322 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1323 ;
1324
1325timeout:
1326 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1327 ;
1328
1329waitfor_clause:
1330 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1331 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1332 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1333 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1334 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1335 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1336 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1337 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1338 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1339 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1340 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1341 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1342 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1343 ;
1344
1345waitfor_statement:
1346 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1347 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1348 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1349 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1350 ;
1351
1352exception_statement:
1353 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1354 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1355 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1356 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1357 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1358 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1359 ;
1360
1361handler_clause:
1362 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1363 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1364 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1365 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1366 ;
1367
1368handler_predicate_opt:
1369 // empty
1370 { $$ = nullptr; }
1371 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1372 ;
1373
1374handler_key:
1375 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1376 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1377 ;
1378
1379finally_clause:
1380 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1381 ;
1382
1383exception_declaration:
1384 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1385 type_specifier_nobody
1386 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1387 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1388 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1389 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1390 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1391 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1392 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1393 ;
1394
1395enable_disable_statement:
1396 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1397 ;
1398
1399enable_disable_key:
1400 ENABLE
1401 | DISABLE
1402 ;
1403
1404asm_statement:
1405 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1406 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1407 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1408 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1409 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1410 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1411 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1412 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1413 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1414 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1415 ;
1416
1417asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1418 // empty
1419 { $$ = false; }
1420 | VOLATILE
1421 { $$ = true; }
1422 ;
1423
1424asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1425 // empty
1426 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1427 | asm_operands_list
1428 ;
1429
1430asm_operands_list: // GCC
1431 asm_operand
1432 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1433 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1434 ;
1435
1436asm_operand: // GCC
1437 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1438 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( nullptr, $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1439 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1440 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( $2, $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1441 ;
1442
1443asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1444 // empty
1445 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1446 | string_literal
1447 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1448 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1449 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) )); }
1450 ;
1451
1452label_list:
1453 identifier
1454 {
1455 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1456 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1457 }
1458 | label_list ',' identifier
1459 {
1460 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1461 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1462 }
1463 ;
1464
1465//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1466
1467declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1468 // empty
1469 { $$ = nullptr; }
1470 | declaration_list
1471 ;
1472
1473declaration_list:
1474 declaration
1475 | declaration_list declaration
1476 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1477 ;
1478
1479KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1480 // empty
1481 { $$ = nullptr; }
1482 | KR_parameter_list
1483 ;
1484
1485KR_parameter_list:
1486 push c_declaration pop ';'
1487 { $$ = $2; }
1488 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1489 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1490 ;
1491
1492local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1493 // empty
1494 | local_label_declaration_list
1495 ;
1496
1497local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1498 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1499 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1500 ;
1501
1502local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1503 identifier_or_type_name
1504 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1505 ;
1506
1507declaration: // old & new style declarations
1508 c_declaration ';'
1509 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1510 | static_assert // C11
1511 ;
1512
1513static_assert:
1514 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1515 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1516 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1517 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1518
1519// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1520// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1521// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1522// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1523// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1524// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1525//
1526// CFA C
1527// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1528// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1529
1530cfa_declaration: // CFA
1531 cfa_variable_declaration
1532 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1533 | cfa_function_declaration
1534 | type_declaring_list
1535 | trait_specifier
1536 ;
1537
1538cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1539 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1540 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1541 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1542 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1543 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1544 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1545 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1546 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1547 ;
1548
1549cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1550 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1551 // storage-class
1552 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1553 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1554 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1555 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1556 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1557 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1558 ;
1559
1560cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1561 cfa_function_specifier
1562 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1563 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1564 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1565 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1566 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1567 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1568 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1569 {
1570 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1571 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1572 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1573 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1574 }
1575 ;
1576
1577cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1578// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1579// {
1580// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1581// }
1582// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1583// {
1584// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1585// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1586// }
1587// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1588// {
1589// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1590// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1591// }
1592// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1593 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1594 //
1595 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1596 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1597 //
1598 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1599 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1600 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1601 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1602 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1603 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1604 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1605 ;
1606
1607cfa_function_return: // CFA
1608 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1609 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1610 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1611 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1612 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1613 ;
1614
1615cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1616 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1617 {
1618 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1619 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1620 }
1621 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1622 {
1623 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1624 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1625 }
1626 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push identifier
1627 {
1628 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1629 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1630 }
1631 ;
1632
1633// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1634// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1635
1636typedef_declaration:
1637 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1638 {
1639 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1640 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1641 }
1642 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1643 {
1644 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1645 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1646 }
1647 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1648 {
1649 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1650 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1651 }
1652 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1653 {
1654 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1655 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1656 }
1657 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1658 {
1659 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1660 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1661 }
1662 ;
1663
1664typedef_expression:
1665 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1666 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
1667 {
1668 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1669 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1670 }
1671 | typedef_expression pop ',' push identifier '=' assignment_expression
1672 {
1673 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1674 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1675 }
1676 ;
1677
1678//c_declaration:
1679// declaring_list pop ';'
1680// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1681// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1682// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1683// ;
1684//
1685//declaring_list:
1686// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1687// // storage-class
1688// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1689// {
1690// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1691// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1692// }
1693// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1694// {
1695// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1696// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1697// }
1698// ;
1699
1700c_declaration:
1701 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1702 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1703 | typedef_declaration
1704 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1705 | sue_declaration_specifier
1706 ;
1707
1708declaring_list:
1709 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1710 // storage-class
1711 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1712 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1713 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1714 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1715 ;
1716
1717declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1718 basic_declaration_specifier
1719 | sue_declaration_specifier
1720 | type_declaration_specifier
1721 ;
1722
1723declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1724 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1725 //
1726 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1727 //
1728 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1729 basic_declaration_specifier
1730 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1731 | type_declaration_specifier
1732 ;
1733
1734type_specifier: // type specifier
1735 basic_type_specifier
1736 | sue_type_specifier
1737 | type_type_specifier
1738 ;
1739
1740type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1741 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1742 //
1743 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1744 //
1745 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1746 basic_type_specifier
1747 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1748 | type_type_specifier
1749 ;
1750
1751type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1752 // empty
1753 { $$ = nullptr; }
1754 | type_qualifier_list
1755 ;
1756
1757type_qualifier_list:
1758 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1759 //
1760 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1761 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1762 // appeared only once.
1763 type_qualifier
1764 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1765 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1766 ;
1767
1768type_qualifier:
1769 type_qualifier_name
1770 | attribute
1771 ;
1772
1773type_qualifier_name:
1774 CONST
1775 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1776 | RESTRICT
1777 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1778 | VOLATILE
1779 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1780 | ATOMIC
1781 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1782 | forall
1783 ;
1784
1785forall:
1786 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1787 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1788 ;
1789
1790declaration_qualifier_list:
1791 storage_class_list
1792 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1793 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1794 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1795 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1796 ;
1797
1798storage_class_list:
1799 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1800 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1801 //
1802 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1803 // specifiers in a declaration.
1804 storage_class
1805 | storage_class_list storage_class
1806 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1807 ;
1808
1809storage_class:
1810 EXTERN
1811 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1812 | STATIC
1813 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1814 | AUTO
1815 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1816 | REGISTER
1817 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1818 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1819 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1820 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1821 | INLINE // C99
1822 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1823 | FORTRAN // C99
1824 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1825 | NORETURN // C11
1826 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1827 ;
1828
1829basic_type_name:
1830 VOID
1831 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1832 | BOOL // C99
1833 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1834 | CHAR
1835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1836 | INT
1837 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1838 | INT128
1839 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1840 | UINT128
1841 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 )->addType( DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ) ); }
1842 | FLOAT
1843 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1844 | DOUBLE
1845 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1846 | uuFLOAT80
1847 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1848 | uuFLOAT128
1849 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1850 | uFLOAT16
1851 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1852 | uFLOAT32
1853 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1854 | uFLOAT32X
1855 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1856 | uFLOAT64
1857 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1858 | uFLOAT64X
1859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1860 | uFLOAT128
1861 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1862 | COMPLEX // C99
1863 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1864 | IMAGINARY // C99
1865 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1866 | SIGNED
1867 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1868 | UNSIGNED
1869 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1870 | SHORT
1871 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1872 | LONG
1873 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1874 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1875 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1876 | AUTO_TYPE
1877 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::AutoType ); }
1878 ;
1879
1880basic_declaration_specifier:
1881 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1882 basic_type_specifier
1883 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1884 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1885 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1886 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1887 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1888 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1889 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1890 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1891 ;
1892
1893basic_type_specifier:
1894 direct_type
1895 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1896 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1897 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1898 ;
1899
1900direct_type:
1901 basic_type_name
1902 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1903 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1904 | direct_type type_qualifier
1905 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1906 | direct_type basic_type_name
1907 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1908 ;
1909
1910indirect_type:
1911 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1912 { $$ = $3; }
1913 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1914 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1915 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1916 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1917 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1918 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1919 | ZERO_T // CFA
1920 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1921 | ONE_T // CFA
1922 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1923 ;
1924
1925sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1926 sue_type_specifier
1927 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1928 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1929 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1930 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1931 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1932 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1933 ;
1934
1935sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1936 elaborated_type
1937 | type_qualifier_list
1938 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1939 elaborated_type
1940 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1941 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1942 {
1943 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1944 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1945 }
1946 ;
1947
1948sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1949 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1950 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1951 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1952 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1953 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1954 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1955 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1956 ;
1957
1958sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1959 elaborated_type_nobody
1960 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1961 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1962 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1963 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1964 ;
1965
1966type_declaration_specifier:
1967 type_type_specifier
1968 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1969 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1970 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1971 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1972 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1973 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1974 ;
1975
1976type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1977 type_name
1978 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1979 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1980 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1981 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1982 ;
1983
1984type_name:
1985 TYPEDEFname
1986 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1987 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1988 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
1989 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1990 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
1991 | typegen_name
1992 | '.' typegen_name
1993 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
1994 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1995 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
1996 ;
1997
1998typegen_name: // CFA
1999 TYPEGENname
2000 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2001 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2002 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2003 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2004 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
2005 ;
2006
2007elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2008 aggregate_type
2009 | enum_type
2010 ;
2011
2012elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2013 aggregate_type_nobody
2014 | enum_type_nobody
2015 ;
2016
2017fred:
2018 // empty
2019 { yyy = false; }
2020 ;
2021
2022aggregate_type: // struct, union
2023 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2024 { forall = false; } // reset
2025 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2026 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2027 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier fred
2028 {
2029 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2030 forall = false; // reset
2031 }
2032 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2033 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2034 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2035 {
2036 // for type_name can be a qualified type name S.T, in which case only the last name in the chain needs a typedef (other names in the chain should already have one)
2037 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->leafName(), forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2038 forall = false; // reset
2039 }
2040 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2041 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2042 | aggregate_type_nobody
2043 ;
2044
2045type_parameters_opt:
2046 // empty
2047 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2048 | '(' type_list ')'
2049 { $$ = $2; }
2050 ;
2051
2052aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2053 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier fred
2054 {
2055 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2056 forall = false; // reset
2057 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2058 }
2059 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2060 {
2061 forall = false; // reset
2062 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2063 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2064 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2065 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2066 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2067 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2068 delete $3;
2069 }
2070 ;
2071
2072aggregate_key:
2073 aggregate_data
2074 | aggregate_control
2075 ;
2076
2077aggregate_data:
2078 STRUCT
2079 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2080 | UNION
2081 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Union; }
2082 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2083 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2084 ;
2085
2086aggregate_control: // CFA
2087 GENERATOR
2088 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2089 | MONITOR GENERATOR
2090 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2091 | COROUTINE
2092 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2093 | MONITOR
2094 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2095 | MONITOR COROUTINE
2096 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2097 | THREAD
2098 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2099 | MONITOR THREAD
2100 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2101 ;
2102
2103field_declaration_list_opt:
2104 // empty
2105 { $$ = nullptr; }
2106 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2107 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2108 ;
2109
2110field_declaration:
2111 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2112 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2113 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2114 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2115 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2116 {
2117 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2118 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2119 } // if
2120 $3->inLine = true;
2121 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2122 distInl( $3 );
2123 }
2124 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2125 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2126 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2127 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2128 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2129 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2130 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2131 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2132 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2133 | static_assert // C11
2134 ;
2135
2136field_declaring_list_opt:
2137 // empty
2138 { $$ = nullptr; }
2139 | field_declarator
2140 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2141 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2142 ;
2143
2144field_declarator:
2145 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2146 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2147 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2148 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2149 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2150 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2151 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2152 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2153 ;
2154
2155field_abstract_list_opt:
2156 // empty
2157 { $$ = nullptr; }
2158 | field_abstract
2159 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2160 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2161 ;
2162
2163field_abstract:
2164 // no bit fields
2165 variable_abstract_declarator
2166 ;
2167
2168cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2169 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2170 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2171 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2172 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2173 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2174 ;
2175
2176cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2177 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2178 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2179 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2180 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2181 ;
2182
2183bit_subrange_size_opt:
2184 // empty
2185 { $$ = nullptr; }
2186 | bit_subrange_size
2187 ;
2188
2189bit_subrange_size:
2190 ':' assignment_expression
2191 { $$ = $2; }
2192 ;
2193
2194enum_type: // enum
2195 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2196 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2197 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2198 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2199 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2200 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2201 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2202 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2203 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2204 | enum_type_nobody
2205 ;
2206
2207enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2208 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2209 {
2210 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
2211 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2212 }
2213 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2214 {
2215 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
2216 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2217 }
2218 ;
2219
2220enumerator_list:
2221 identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2222 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2223 | enumerator_list ',' identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2224 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2225 ;
2226
2227enumerator_value_opt:
2228 // empty
2229 { $$ = nullptr; }
2230 | '=' constant_expression
2231 { $$ = $2; }
2232 ;
2233
2234cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2235 // empty
2236 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2237 | ELLIPSIS
2238 { $$ = nullptr; }
2239 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2240 | cfa_parameter_list
2241 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2242 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2243 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2244 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2245 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2246 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2247 ;
2248
2249cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2250 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2251 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2252 cfa_parameter_declaration
2253 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2254 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2255 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2256 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2257 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2258 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2259 ;
2260
2261cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2262 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2263 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2264 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2265 ;
2266
2267parameter_type_list_opt:
2268 // empty
2269 { $$ = nullptr; }
2270 | ELLIPSIS
2271 { $$ = nullptr; }
2272 | parameter_list
2273 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2274 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2275 ;
2276
2277parameter_list: // abstract + real
2278 abstract_parameter_declaration
2279 | parameter_declaration
2280 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2281 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2282 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2283 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2284 ;
2285
2286// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2287// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2288
2289cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2290 parameter_declaration
2291 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2292 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2293 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2294 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2295 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2296 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2297 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2298 | cfa_function_specifier
2299 ;
2300
2301cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2302 abstract_parameter_declaration
2303 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2304 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2305 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2306 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2307 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2308 | cfa_abstract_function
2309 ;
2310
2311parameter_declaration:
2312 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2313 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2314 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2315 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2316 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2317 ;
2318
2319abstract_parameter_declaration:
2320 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2321 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2322 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2323 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2324 ;
2325
2326// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2327// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2328// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2329
2330identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2331 identifier
2332 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2333 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2334 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2335 ;
2336
2337identifier_or_type_name:
2338 identifier
2339 | TYPEDEFname
2340 | TYPEGENname
2341 ;
2342
2343type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2344 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2345 | type_specifier
2346 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2347 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2348 ;
2349
2350type: // typeof, assertion
2351 type_no_function
2352 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2353 ;
2354
2355initializer_opt:
2356 // empty
2357 { $$ = nullptr; }
2358 | '=' initializer
2359 { $$ = $2; }
2360 | '=' VOID
2361 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2362 | ATassign initializer
2363 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2364 ;
2365
2366initializer:
2367 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2368 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2369 ;
2370
2371initializer_list_opt:
2372 // empty
2373 { $$ = nullptr; }
2374 | initializer
2375 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2376 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2377 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2378 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)($1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) )); }
2379 ;
2380
2381// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2382// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2383//
2384// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2385//
2386// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2387// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2388// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2389// shift/reduce conflicts
2390
2391designation:
2392 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2393 | identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2394 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2395 ;
2396
2397designator_list: // C99
2398 designator
2399 | designator_list designator
2400 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $2 )); }
2401 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2402 ;
2403
2404designator:
2405 '.' identifier // C99, field name
2406 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2407 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2408 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2409 { $$ = $3; }
2410 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2411 { $$ = $3; }
2412 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2413 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2414 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2415 { $$ = $4; }
2416 ;
2417
2418// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2419// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2420//
2421// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2422//
2423// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2424// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2425// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2426//
2427// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2428// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2429//
2430// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2431// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2432// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2433// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2434// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2435
2436type_parameter_list: // CFA
2437 type_parameter
2438 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2439 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2440 ;
2441
2442type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2443 // empty
2444 { $$ = nullptr; }
2445 | '=' type
2446 { $$ = $2; }
2447 ;
2448
2449type_parameter: // CFA
2450 type_class identifier_or_type_name
2451 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2452 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2453 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2454 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2455 | assertion_list
2456 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2457 ;
2458
2459type_class: // CFA
2460 OTYPE
2461 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2462 | DTYPE
2463 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2464 | FTYPE
2465 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2466 | TTYPE
2467 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2468 ;
2469
2470assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2471 // empty
2472 { $$ = nullptr; }
2473 | assertion_list
2474 ;
2475
2476assertion_list: // CFA
2477 assertion
2478 | assertion_list assertion
2479 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2480 ;
2481
2482assertion: // CFA
2483 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2484 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2485 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2486 { $$ = $4; }
2487 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2488 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2489 ;
2490
2491type_list: // CFA
2492 type
2493 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2494 | assignment_expression
2495 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $1->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2496 | type_list ',' type
2497 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) )); }
2498 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2499 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $3->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2500 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2501 ;
2502
2503type_declaring_list: // CFA
2504 OTYPE type_declarator
2505 { $$ = $2; }
2506 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2507 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2508 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2509 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2510 ;
2511
2512type_declarator: // CFA
2513 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2514 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2515 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2516 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2517 ;
2518
2519type_declarator_name: // CFA
2520 identifier_or_type_name
2521 {
2522 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2523 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2524 }
2525 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2526 {
2527 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2528 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2529 }
2530 ;
2531
2532trait_specifier: // CFA
2533 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2534 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2535 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2536 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2537 ;
2538
2539trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2540 trait_declaration
2541 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2542 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2543 ;
2544
2545trait_declaration: // CFA
2546 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2547 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2548 ;
2549
2550cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2551 cfa_variable_specifier
2552 | cfa_function_specifier
2553 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2554 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2555 ;
2556
2557trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2558 type_specifier declarator
2559 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2560 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2561 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2562 ;
2563
2564//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2565
2566translation_unit:
2567 // empty, input file
2568 | external_definition_list
2569 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2570 ;
2571
2572external_definition_list:
2573 push external_definition pop
2574 { $$ = $2; }
2575 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2576 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2577 ;
2578
2579external_definition_list_opt:
2580 // empty
2581 { $$ = nullptr; }
2582 | external_definition_list
2583 ;
2584
2585up:
2586 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2587 ;
2588
2589down:
2590 { typedefTable.down(); }
2591 ;
2592
2593external_definition:
2594 declaration
2595 | external_function_definition
2596 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2597 {
2598 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2599 $$ = $2;
2600 }
2601 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2602 {
2603 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2604 }
2605 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2606 {
2607 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2608 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2609 }
2610 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2611 {
2612 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2613 linkageStack.pop();
2614 $$ = $6;
2615 }
2616 | type_qualifier_list
2617 {
2618 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2619 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2620 }
2621 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2622 {
2623 distQual( $5, $1 );
2624 forall = false;
2625 $$ = $5;
2626 }
2627 | declaration_qualifier_list
2628 {
2629 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2630 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2631 }
2632 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2633 {
2634 distQual( $5, $1 );
2635 forall = false;
2636 $$ = $5;
2637 }
2638 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2639 {
2640 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2641 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2642 }
2643 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2644 {
2645 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2646 forall = false;
2647 $$ = $6;
2648 }
2649 ;
2650
2651external_function_definition:
2652 function_definition
2653 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2654 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2655 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2656 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2657 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2658 | function_declarator compound_statement
2659 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2660 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2661 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2662 ;
2663
2664with_clause_opt:
2665 // empty
2666 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2667 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2668 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2669 ;
2670
2671function_definition:
2672 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2673 {
2674 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2675 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2676 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2677 $$ = $1;
2678 }
2679 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2680 {
2681 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2682 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2683 }
2684 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2685 {
2686 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2687 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2688 }
2689 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2690 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2691 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2692 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2693 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2694 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2695 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2696 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2697 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2698
2699 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2700 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2701 {
2702 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2703 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2704 }
2705 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2706 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2707 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2708 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2709 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2710 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2711 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2712 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2713 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2714 ;
2715
2716declarator:
2717 variable_declarator
2718 | variable_type_redeclarator
2719 | function_declarator
2720 ;
2721
2722subrange:
2723 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2724 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2725 ;
2726
2727asm_name_opt: // GCC
2728 // empty
2729 { $$ = nullptr; }
2730 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2731 {
2732 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2733 name->asmName = $3;
2734 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2735 }
2736 ;
2737
2738attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2739 // empty
2740 { $$ = nullptr; }
2741 | attribute_list
2742 ;
2743
2744attribute_list: // GCC
2745 attribute
2746 | attribute_list attribute
2747 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2748 ;
2749
2750attribute: // GCC
2751 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2752 { $$ = $4; }
2753 ;
2754
2755attribute_name_list: // GCC
2756 attribute_name
2757 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2758 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2759 ;
2760
2761attribute_name: // GCC
2762 // empty
2763 { $$ = nullptr; }
2764 | attr_name
2765 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2766 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2767 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2768 ;
2769
2770attr_name: // GCC
2771 IDENTIFIER
2772 | quasi_keyword
2773 | TYPEDEFname
2774 | TYPEGENname
2775 | FALLTHROUGH
2776 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2777 | CONST
2778 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2779 ;
2780
2781// ============================================================================
2782// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2783// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2784// in:
2785//
2786// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2787// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2788//
2789// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2790// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2791// ============================================================================
2792
2793// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2794// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2795// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2796//
2797// valid declaration invalid definition
2798// ----------------- ------------------
2799// int f; int f {}
2800// int *f; int *f {}
2801// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2802// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2803//
2804// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2805// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2806// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2807
2808// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2809// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2810
2811variable_declarator:
2812 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2813 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2814 | variable_ptr
2815 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2816 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2817 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2818 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2819 ;
2820
2821paren_identifier:
2822 identifier
2823 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2824 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2825 { $$ = $2; }
2826 ;
2827
2828variable_ptr:
2829 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2830 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2831 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2832 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2833 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2834 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2835 ;
2836
2837variable_array:
2838 paren_identifier array_dimension
2839 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2840 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2841 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2842 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2843 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2844 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2845 { $$ = $2; }
2846 ;
2847
2848variable_function:
2849 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2850 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2851 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2852 { $$ = $2; }
2853 ;
2854
2855// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2856// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2857// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2858
2859function_declarator:
2860 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2861 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2862 | function_ptr
2863 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2864 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2865 ;
2866
2867function_no_ptr:
2868 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2869 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2870 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2871 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2872 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2873 { $$ = $2; }
2874 ;
2875
2876function_ptr:
2877 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2878 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2879 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2880 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2881 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2882 { $$ = $2; }
2883 ;
2884
2885function_array:
2886 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2887 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2888 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2889 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2890 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2891 { $$ = $2; }
2892 ;
2893
2894// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2895//
2896// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2897//
2898// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2899// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2900
2901KR_function_declarator:
2902 KR_function_no_ptr
2903 | KR_function_ptr
2904 | KR_function_array
2905 ;
2906
2907KR_function_no_ptr:
2908 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2909 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2910 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2911 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2912 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2913 { $$ = $2; }
2914 ;
2915
2916KR_function_ptr:
2917 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2918 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2919 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2920 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2921 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2922 { $$ = $2; }
2923 ;
2924
2925KR_function_array:
2926 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2927 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2928 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2929 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2930 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2931 { $$ = $2; }
2932 ;
2933
2934// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2935//
2936// typedef int foo;
2937// {
2938// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2939// }
2940//
2941// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2942// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2943
2944variable_type_redeclarator:
2945 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2946 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2947 | type_ptr
2948 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2949 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2950 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2951 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2952 ;
2953
2954paren_type:
2955 typedef
2956 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2957 {
2958 // if ( ! typedefTable.existsCurr( *$1->name ) ) {
2959 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
2960 // } else {
2961 // SemanticError( yylloc, string("'") + *$1->name + "' redeclared as different kind of symbol." ); $$ = nullptr;
2962 // } // if
2963 }
2964 | '(' paren_type ')'
2965 { $$ = $2; }
2966 ;
2967
2968type_ptr:
2969 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2970 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2971 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2972 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2973 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2974 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2975 ;
2976
2977type_array:
2978 paren_type array_dimension
2979 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2980 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2981 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2982 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2983 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2984 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2985 { $$ = $2; }
2986 ;
2987
2988type_function:
2989 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2990 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2991 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2992 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2993 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2994 { $$ = $2; }
2995 ;
2996
2997// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2998// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2999// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3000// pointers to arrays and functions.
3001
3002identifier_parameter_declarator:
3003 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3004 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3005 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3006 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3007 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3008 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3009 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3010 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3011 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3012 ;
3013
3014identifier_parameter_ptr:
3015 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3016 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3017 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3018 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3019 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3020 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3021 ;
3022
3023identifier_parameter_array:
3024 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3025 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3026 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3027 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3028 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3029 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3030 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3031 { $$ = $2; }
3032 ;
3033
3034identifier_parameter_function:
3035 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3036 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3037 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3038 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3039 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3040 { $$ = $2; }
3041 ;
3042
3043// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3044// e.g.:
3045//
3046// typedef int foo;
3047// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3048// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3049//
3050// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3051
3052type_parameter_redeclarator:
3053 typedef attribute_list_opt
3054 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3055 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
3056 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3057 | type_parameter_ptr
3058 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3059 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3060 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3061 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3062 ;
3063
3064typedef:
3065 TYPEDEFname
3066 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3067 | TYPEGENname
3068 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3069 ;
3070
3071type_parameter_ptr:
3072 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3073 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3074 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3075 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3076 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3077 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3078 ;
3079
3080type_parameter_array:
3081 typedef array_parameter_dimension
3082 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3083 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3084 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3085 ;
3086
3087type_parameter_function:
3088 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3089 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3090 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3091 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3092 ;
3093
3094// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3095// which the type applies, e.g.:
3096//
3097// sizeof( int );
3098// sizeof( int * );
3099// sizeof( int [10] );
3100// sizeof( int (*)() );
3101// sizeof( int () );
3102//
3103// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3104// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3105
3106abstract_declarator:
3107 abstract_ptr
3108 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3109 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3110 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3111 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3112 ;
3113
3114abstract_ptr:
3115 ptrref_operator
3116 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3117 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3118 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3119 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3120 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3121 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3122 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3123 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3124 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3125 ;
3126
3127abstract_array:
3128 array_dimension
3129 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3130 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3131 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3132 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3133 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3134 { $$ = $2; }
3135 ;
3136
3137abstract_function:
3138 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3139 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3140 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3141 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3142 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3143 { $$ = $2; }
3144 ;
3145
3146array_dimension:
3147 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3148 '[' ']'
3149 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3150 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3151 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3152 | multi_array_dimension
3153 ;
3154
3155multi_array_dimension:
3156 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3157 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3158 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3159 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3160 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3161 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3162 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3163 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3164 ;
3165
3166// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3167// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3168//
3169// int f( int ); // not handled here
3170// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3171// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3172// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3173//
3174// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3175// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3176// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3177//
3178// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3179// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3180// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3181//
3182// For example:
3183//
3184// typedef float T;
3185// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3186// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3187// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3188// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3189//
3190// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3191// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3192// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3193// functions.
3194
3195abstract_parameter_declarator:
3196 abstract_parameter_ptr
3197 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3198 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3199 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3200 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3201 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3202 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3203 ;
3204
3205abstract_parameter_ptr:
3206 ptrref_operator
3207 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3208 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3209 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3210 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3211 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3212 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3213 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3214 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3215 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3216 ;
3217
3218abstract_parameter_array:
3219 array_parameter_dimension
3220 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3221 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3222 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3223 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3224 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3225 { $$ = $2; }
3226 ;
3227
3228abstract_parameter_function:
3229 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3230 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3231 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3232 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3233 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3234 { $$ = $2; }
3235 ;
3236
3237array_parameter_dimension:
3238 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3239 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3240 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3241 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3242 | multi_array_dimension
3243 ;
3244
3245// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3246//
3247// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3248// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3249
3250array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3251 '[' ']'
3252 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3253 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3254 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3255 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3256 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3257 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3258 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3259 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3260 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3261 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3262 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3263 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3264 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3265 ;
3266
3267// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3268//
3269// struct S {
3270// int;
3271// int *;
3272// int [10];
3273// int (*)();
3274// };
3275
3276variable_abstract_declarator:
3277 variable_abstract_ptr
3278 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3279 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3280 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3281 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3282 ;
3283
3284variable_abstract_ptr:
3285 ptrref_operator
3286 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3287 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3288 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3289 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3290 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3291 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3292 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3293 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3294 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3295 ;
3296
3297variable_abstract_array:
3298 array_dimension
3299 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3300 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3301 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3302 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3303 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3304 { $$ = $2; }
3305 ;
3306
3307variable_abstract_function:
3308 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3309 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3310 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3311 { $$ = $2; }
3312 ;
3313
3314// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3315// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3316
3317cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3318 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3319 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3320 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3321 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3322 ;
3323
3324cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3325 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3326 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3327 ;
3328
3329cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3330 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3331 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3332 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3333 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3334 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3335 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3336 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3337 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3338 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3339 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3340 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3341 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3342 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3343 ;
3344
3345cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3346 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3347 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3348 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3349 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3350 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3351 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3352 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3353 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3354 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3355 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3356 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3357 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3358
3359 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3360 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3361 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3362 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3363 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3364 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3365 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3366 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3367 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3368 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3369 ;
3370
3371cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3372 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3373 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3374 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3375 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3376 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3377 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3378 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3379 // appear in this context.
3380 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3381 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3382 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3383 ;
3384
3385// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3386// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3387//
3388// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3389// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3390//
3391// These rules need LR(3):
3392//
3393// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3394// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3395//
3396// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3397//
3398// [int, int] t;
3399// [int, int] f( int );
3400//
3401// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3402// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3403// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3404// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3405
3406cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3407 cfa_abstract_tuple
3408 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3409 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3410 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3411 ;
3412
3413cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3414 cfa_abstract_ptr
3415 | cfa_abstract_array
3416 ;
3417
3418cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3419 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3420 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3421 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3422 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3423 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3424 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3425 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3426 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3427 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3428 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3429 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3430 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3431 ;
3432
3433cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3434 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3435 // empty (void) function return type.
3436 '[' ']' type_specifier
3437 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3438 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3439 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3440 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3441 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3442 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3443 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3444 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3445 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3446 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3447 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3448 ;
3449
3450cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3451 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3452 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3453 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3454 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3455 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3456 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3457 ;
3458
3459cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3460// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3461// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3462 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3463 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3464 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3465 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3466 ;
3467
3468// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3469// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3470//
3471// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3472// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3473//
3474// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3475// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3476//
3477// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3478// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3479
3480//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3481
3482comma_opt: // redundant comma
3483 // empty
3484 | ','
3485 ;
3486
3487default_initialize_opt:
3488 // empty
3489 { $$ = nullptr; }
3490 | '=' assignment_expression
3491 { $$ = $2; }
3492 ;
3493
3494%%
3495
3496// ----end of grammar----
3497
3498// Local Variables: //
3499// mode: c++ //
3500// tab-width: 4 //
3501// compile-command: "make install" //
3502// End: //
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