source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 8dbedfc

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr new-env no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum with_gc
Last change on this file since 8dbedfc was b048dc3, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 7 years ago

additional intermediate changes

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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Thu May 24 18:11:59 2018
13// Update Count : 3369
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
122// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
123// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
124
125void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
126 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
127 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
128 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
129 } // if
130} // rebindForall
131
132NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
133 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
134 delete name;
135 return new_name;
136} // build_postfix_name
137
138bool forall = false, xxx = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
139
140// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
141#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
142if ( N ) { \
143 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
144 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
145 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
146 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
147 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
148} else { \
149 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
150 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
151 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
152}
153%}
154
155%define parse.error verbose
156
157// Types declaration for productions
158%union
159{
160 Token tok;
161 ParseNode * pn;
162 ExpressionNode * en;
163 DeclarationNode * decl;
164 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
165 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
166 StatementNode * sn;
167 WaitForStmt * wfs;
168 Expression * constant;
169 IfCtl * ifctl;
170 ForCtl * fctl;
171 LabelNode * label;
172 InitializerNode * in;
173 OperKinds op;
174 std::string * str;
175 bool flag;
176 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
177}
178
179//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
180
181// keywords
182%token TYPEDEF
183%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
184%token THREADLOCAL // C11
185%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
186%token NORETURN // C11
187%token CONST VOLATILE
188%token RESTRICT // C99
189%token ATOMIC // C11
190%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
191%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
192%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
193%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
194%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
195%token VALIST // GCC
196%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
197%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
198%token EXCEPTION // CFA
199%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
200%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
201%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
202%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
203%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
204%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
205%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
206%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
207
208// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
209%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
210%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
211%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
212%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
213%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
214// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
215// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
216// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
217%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
218
219// multi-character operators
220%token ARROW // ->
221%token ICR DECR // ++ --
222%token LS RS // << >>
223%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
224%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
225%token ELLIPSIS // ...
226
227%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
228%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
229%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
230%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
231
232%token ATassign // @=
233
234%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
235%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
236%type<tok> quasi_keyword
237%type<constant> string_literal
238%type<str> string_literal_list
239
240// expressions
241%type<en> constant
242%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
243%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
244%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
245%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
246%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
247%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
248%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
249%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
250%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
251%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
252%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
253%type<fctl> for_control_expression
254%type<en> subrange
255%type<decl> asm_name_opt
256%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
257%type<label> label_list
258%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
259%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
260%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
261
262// statements
263%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
264%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
265%type<sn> selection_statement
266%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
267%type<en> case_value
268%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
269%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
270%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
271%type<sn> with_statement
272%type<en> with_clause_opt
273%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
274%type<catch_kind> handler_key
275%type<sn> mutex_statement
276%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
277%type<sn> waitfor_statement
278%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
279
280// declarations
281%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
282%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
283%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
284
285%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
286%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
287
288%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
289
290%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
291
292%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
293
294%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
295
296%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
297%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
298
299%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
300
301%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
302%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
303
304%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
305
306%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list_opt field_declarator_opt field_declaring_list
307%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
308
309%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
310
311%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
312%type<decl> identifier_list
313
314%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
315%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
316%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
317
318%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
319
320%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
321%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
322
323%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
324%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
325
326%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_type_list_opt
327
328%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
329
330%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
331%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
332%type<decl> KR_declaration_list KR_declaration_list_opt
333
334%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
335
336%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
337
338%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
339
340%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
341
342%type<tclass> type_class
343%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
344
345%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
346%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
347
348%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
349
350%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
351
352%type<decl> type type_no_function
353%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
354
355%type<en> type_list
356
357%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
358%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
359
360%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
361%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
362
363%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
364
365// initializers
366%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
367
368// designators
369%type<en> designator designator_list designation
370
371
372// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
373// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
374// if ( C ) S1 else S2
375// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
376// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
377
378// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
379// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
380%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
381%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
382%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
383%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
384
385// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
386// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
387// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
388// Foo ( *fp )( int );
389// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
390// Must be:
391// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
392
393// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
394%precedence TYPEGENname
395%precedence '('
396
397%locations // support location tracking for error messages
398
399%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
400
401%%
402//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
403
404// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
405// "identifier", "TYPEDEFname", and "TYPEGENname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely
406// context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs.
407// Hence, this grammar uses the ANSI style.
408//
409// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
410// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
411// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
412//
413// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
414// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
415// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
416//
417// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, an identifier can change its class in a local scope; it must revert to
418// its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each
419// declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current
420// declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype"
421// declarations).
422//
423// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of scopes. Every push must have a matching pop,
424// although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur within the same rule. These non-terminals may
425// appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point of view.
426
427push:
428 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
429 ;
430
431pop:
432 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
433 ;
434
435//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
436
437constant:
438 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
439 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
440 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
441 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
442 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
443 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
444 ;
445
446quasi_keyword: // CFA
447 TIMEOUT
448 | WOR
449 ;
450
451identifier:
452 IDENTIFIER
453 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
454 | quasi_keyword
455 ;
456
457no_attr_identifier:
458 IDENTIFIER
459 | quasi_keyword
460 ;
461
462string_literal:
463 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
464 ;
465
466string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
467 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
468 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
469 {
470 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
471 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
472 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
473 }
474 ;
475
476//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
477
478primary_expression:
479 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
480 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
481 | quasi_keyword
482 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
483 | tuple
484 | '(' comma_expression ')'
485 { $$ = $2; }
486 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
487 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
488 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
489 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
490 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
491 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
492 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
493 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
494 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
495 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
496 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
497 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
498 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
499 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
500 | type_name '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
501 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
502 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
503 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Generic is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
504 ;
505
506generic_assoc_list: // C11
507 | generic_association
508 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
509 ;
510
511generic_association: // C11
512 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
513 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
514 ;
515
516postfix_expression:
517 primary_expression
518 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
519 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
520 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
521 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
522 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
523 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
524 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
525 {
526 Token fn;
527 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
528 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
529 }
530 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
531 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
532 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
533 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
534 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
535 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
536 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
537 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
538 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
539 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
540 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
541 {
542 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
543 }
544 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
545 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
546 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
547 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
548 | postfix_expression ICR
549 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
550 | postfix_expression DECR
551 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
552 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
553 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
554 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
555 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
556 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
557 {
558 Token fn;
559 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
560 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
561 }
562 ;
563
564argument_expression_list:
565 argument_expression
566 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
567 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
568 ;
569
570argument_expression:
571 // empty
572 { $$ = nullptr; }
573 // | '@' // use default argument
574 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
575 | assignment_expression
576 ;
577
578field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
579 field
580 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
581 ;
582
583field: // CFA, tuple field selector
584 field_name
585 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
586 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
587 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_list ']'
588 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
589 | field_name '.' field
590 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
591 | field_name '.' '[' field_list ']'
592 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
593 | field_name ARROW field
594 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
595 | field_name ARROW '[' field_list ']'
596 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
597 ;
598
599field_name:
600 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
601 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
602 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
603 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
604 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
605 {
606 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
607 }
608 ;
609
610fraction_constants_opt:
611 // empty
612 { $$ = nullptr; }
613 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
614 {
615 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
616 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
617 }
618 ;
619
620unary_expression:
621 postfix_expression
622 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
623 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
624 | constant
625 { $$ = $1; }
626 | string_literal
627 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
628 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
629 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
630 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
631 // { * X; } // dereference X
632 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
633 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
634 {
635 switch ( $1 ) {
636 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
637 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
638 break;
639 case OperKinds::PointTo:
640 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
641 break;
642 case OperKinds::And:
643 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
644 break;
645 default:
646 assert( false );
647 }
648 }
649 | unary_operator cast_expression
650 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
651 | ICR unary_expression
652 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
653 | DECR unary_expression
654 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
655 | SIZEOF unary_expression
656 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
657 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
658 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
659 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
660 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
661 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
662 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
663 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
664 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
665 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
666 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
667 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
668 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
669 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
670 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
671 ;
672
673ptrref_operator:
674 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
675 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
676 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
677 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
678 ;
679
680unary_operator:
681 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
682 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
683 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
684 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
685 ;
686
687cast_expression:
688 unary_expression
689 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
690 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
691 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
692 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
693 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
694 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
695 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
696 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
697 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
698 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
699 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
700 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
701 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
702// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
703// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
704 ;
705
706exponential_expression:
707 cast_expression
708 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
709 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
710 ;
711
712multiplicative_expression:
713 exponential_expression
714 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
715 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
716 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
717 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
718 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
719 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
720 ;
721
722additive_expression:
723 multiplicative_expression
724 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
725 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
726 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
727 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
728 ;
729
730shift_expression:
731 additive_expression
732 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
733 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
734 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
735 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
736 ;
737
738relational_expression:
739 shift_expression
740 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
741 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
742 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
743 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
744 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
745 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
746 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
747 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
748 ;
749
750equality_expression:
751 relational_expression
752 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
753 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
754 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
755 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
756 ;
757
758AND_expression:
759 equality_expression
760 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
761 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
762 ;
763
764exclusive_OR_expression:
765 AND_expression
766 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
767 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
768 ;
769
770inclusive_OR_expression:
771 exclusive_OR_expression
772 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
773 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
774 ;
775
776logical_AND_expression:
777 inclusive_OR_expression
778 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
779 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
780 ;
781
782logical_OR_expression:
783 logical_AND_expression
784 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
785 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
786 ;
787
788conditional_expression:
789 logical_OR_expression
790 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
791 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
792 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
793 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
794 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
795 ;
796
797constant_expression:
798 conditional_expression
799 ;
800
801assignment_expression:
802 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
803 conditional_expression
804 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
805 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
806 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
807 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
808 ;
809
810assignment_expression_opt:
811 // empty
812 { $$ = nullptr; }
813 | assignment_expression
814 ;
815
816assignment_operator:
817 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
818 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
819 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
820 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
821 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
822 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
823 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
824 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
825 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
826 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
827 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
828 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
829 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
830 ;
831
832tuple: // CFA, tuple
833 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
834 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
835// '[' ']'
836// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
837// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
838// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
839 '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
840 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
841 | '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
842 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
843 ;
844
845tuple_expression_list:
846 assignment_expression_opt
847 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
848 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
849 ;
850
851comma_expression:
852 assignment_expression
853 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
854 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
855 ;
856
857comma_expression_opt:
858 // empty
859 { $$ = nullptr; }
860 | comma_expression
861 ;
862
863//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
864
865statement:
866 labeled_statement
867 | compound_statement
868 | expression_statement
869 | selection_statement
870 | iteration_statement
871 | jump_statement
872 | with_statement
873 | mutex_statement
874 | waitfor_statement
875 | exception_statement
876 | enable_disable_statement
877 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
878 | asm_statement
879 | DIRECTIVE
880 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
881 ;
882
883labeled_statement:
884 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
885 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
886 {
887 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
888 }
889 ;
890
891compound_statement:
892 '{' '}'
893 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
894 | '{'
895 // Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
896 // requires its own scope.
897 push push
898 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
899 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
900 pop '}'
901 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
902 ;
903
904statement_decl_list: // C99
905 statement_decl
906 | statement_decl_list push statement_decl
907 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
908 ;
909
910statement_decl:
911 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
912 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
913 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
914 {
915 distExt( $2 );
916 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
917 }
918 | function_definition
919 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
920 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
921 {
922 distExt( $2 );
923 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
924 }
925 | statement pop
926 ;
927
928statement_list_nodecl:
929 statement
930 | statement_list_nodecl statement
931 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
932 ;
933
934expression_statement:
935 comma_expression_opt ';'
936 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
937 ;
938
939selection_statement:
940 IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
941 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
942 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, nullptr ) ); }
943 | IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
944 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
945 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
946 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
947 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
948 {
949 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
950 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
951 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
952 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
953 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
954 // statement.
955 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
956 }
957 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
958 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
959 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
960 {
961 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
962 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
963 }
964 ;
965
966if_control_expression:
967 comma_expression pop
968 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
969 | c_declaration pop // no semi-colon
970 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
971 | cfa_declaration pop // no semi-colon
972 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
973 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
974 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
975 ;
976
977// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
978// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
979
980case_value: // CFA
981 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
982 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
983 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
984 | subrange // CFA, subrange
985 ;
986
987case_value_list: // CFA
988 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
989 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
990 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
991 ;
992
993case_label: // CFA
994 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
995 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
996 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
997 ;
998
999//label_list_opt:
1000// // empty
1001// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1002// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1003// ;
1004
1005case_label_list: // CFA
1006 case_label
1007 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1008 ;
1009
1010case_clause: // CFA
1011 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1012 ;
1013
1014switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1015 // empty
1016 { $$ = nullptr; }
1017 | switch_clause_list
1018 ;
1019
1020switch_clause_list: // CFA
1021 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1022 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1023 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1024 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1025 ;
1026
1027iteration_statement:
1028 WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
1029 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
1030 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1031 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
1032 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
1033 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1034 ;
1035
1036for_control_expression:
1037 comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1038 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
1039 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1040 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1041 ;
1042
1043jump_statement:
1044 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1045 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1046 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1047 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1048 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1049 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1050 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1051 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1052 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1053 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1054 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1055 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1056 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1057 | CONTINUE ';'
1058 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1059 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1060 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1061 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1062 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1063 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1064 | BREAK ';'
1065 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1066 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1067 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1068 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1069 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1070 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1071 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1072 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1073 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1074 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1075 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1076 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1077 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1078 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1079 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1080 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1081 ;
1082
1083fall_through_name: // CFA
1084 FALLTHRU
1085 | FALLTHROUGH
1086 ;
1087
1088with_statement:
1089 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1090 {
1091 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1092 }
1093 ;
1094
1095// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1096mutex_statement:
1097 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1098 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1099 ;
1100
1101when_clause:
1102 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1103 ;
1104
1105when_clause_opt:
1106 // empty
1107 { $$ = nullptr; }
1108 | when_clause
1109 ;
1110
1111waitfor:
1112 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1113 {
1114 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1115 delete $3;
1116 }
1117 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1118 {
1119 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1120 $$->set_last( $5 );
1121 delete $3;
1122 }
1123 ;
1124
1125timeout:
1126 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1127 ;
1128
1129waitfor_clause:
1130 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1131 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1132 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1133 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1134 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1135 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1136 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1137 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1138 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1139 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1140 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1141 ;
1142
1143waitfor_statement:
1144 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1145 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1146 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1147 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1148 ;
1149
1150exception_statement:
1151 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1152 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1153 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1154 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1155 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1156 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1157 ;
1158
1159handler_clause:
1160 handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1161 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $5, $7, $9 ) ); }
1162 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1163 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $6, $8, $10 ) ) ); }
1164 ;
1165
1166handler_predicate_opt:
1167 // empty
1168 { $$ = nullptr; }
1169 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1170 ;
1171
1172handler_key:
1173 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1174 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1175 ;
1176
1177finally_clause:
1178 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1179 ;
1180
1181exception_declaration:
1182 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1183 type_specifier_nobody
1184 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1185 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1186 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1187 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1188 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1189 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1190 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1191 ;
1192
1193enable_disable_statement:
1194 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1195 ;
1196
1197enable_disable_key:
1198 ENABLE
1199 | DISABLE
1200 ;
1201
1202asm_statement:
1203 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1204 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1205 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1206 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1207 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1208 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1209 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1210 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1211 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1212 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1213 ;
1214
1215asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1216 // empty
1217 { $$ = false; }
1218 | VOLATILE
1219 { $$ = true; }
1220 ;
1221
1222asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1223 // empty
1224 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1225 | asm_operands_list
1226 ;
1227
1228asm_operands_list: // GCC
1229 asm_operand
1230 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1231 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1232 ;
1233
1234asm_operand: // GCC
1235 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1236 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1237 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1238 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1239 ;
1240
1241asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1242 // empty
1243 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1244 | string_literal
1245 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1246 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1247 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1248 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1249 ;
1250
1251label_list:
1252 no_attr_identifier
1253 {
1254 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1255 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1256 }
1257 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1258 {
1259 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1260 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1261 }
1262 ;
1263
1264//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1265
1266declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1267 pop // empty
1268 { $$ = nullptr; }
1269 | declaration_list
1270 ;
1271
1272declaration_list:
1273 declaration
1274 | declaration_list push declaration
1275 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1276 ;
1277
1278KR_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1279 // empty
1280 { $$ = nullptr; }
1281 | KR_declaration_list
1282 ;
1283
1284KR_declaration_list:
1285 push c_declaration pop ';'
1286 { $$ = $2; }
1287 | KR_declaration_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1288 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1289 ;
1290
1291local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1292 // empty
1293 | local_label_declaration_list
1294 ;
1295
1296local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1297 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1298 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1299 ;
1300
1301local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1302 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1303 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1304 ;
1305
1306declaration: // old & new style declarations
1307 c_declaration pop ';'
1308 | cfa_declaration pop ';' // CFA
1309 | static_assert
1310 ;
1311
1312static_assert:
1313 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1314 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1315
1316// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1317// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1318// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1319// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1320// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1321// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1322//
1323// CFA C
1324// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1325// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1326
1327cfa_declaration: // CFA
1328 cfa_variable_declaration
1329 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1330 | cfa_function_declaration
1331 | type_declaring_list
1332 | trait_specifier
1333 ;
1334
1335cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1336 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1337 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1338 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1339 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1340 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1341 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1342 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1343 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1344 ;
1345
1346cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1347 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1348 // storage-class
1349 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1350 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1351 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1352 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1353 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1354 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1355 ;
1356
1357cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1358 cfa_function_specifier
1359 { $$ = $1; }
1360 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1361 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1362 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1363 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1364 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1365 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1366 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
1367 {
1368 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1369 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1370 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1371 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $5, nullptr ) );
1372 }
1373 ;
1374
1375cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1376// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1377// {
1378// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1379// }
1380// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1381// {
1382// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1383// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1384// }
1385// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1386// {
1387// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1388// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1389// }
1390// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1391 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1392 //
1393 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
1394 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1395 //
1396 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1397 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1398 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1399 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1400 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1401 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1402 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1403 ;
1404
1405cfa_function_return: // CFA
1406 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1407 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1408 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1409 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1410 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1411 ;
1412
1413cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1414 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1415 {
1416 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname );
1417 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1418 }
1419 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1420 {
1421 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname );
1422 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1423 }
1424 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1425 {
1426 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname );
1427 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1428 }
1429 ;
1430
1431// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1432// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1433
1434typedef_declaration:
1435 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1436 {
1437 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname );
1438 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1439 }
1440 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1441 {
1442 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname );
1443 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1444 }
1445 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1446 {
1447 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname );
1448 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1449 }
1450 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1451 {
1452 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname );
1453 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1454 }
1455 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1456 {
1457 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname );
1458 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1459 }
1460 ;
1461
1462typedef_expression:
1463 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1464 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1465 {
1466 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1467 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1468 }
1469 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1470 {
1471 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1472 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1473 }
1474 ;
1475
1476//c_declaration:
1477// declaring_list pop ';'
1478// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1479// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1480// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1481// ;
1482//
1483//declaring_list:
1484// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1485// // storage-class
1486// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1487// {
1488// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1489// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1490// }
1491// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1492// {
1493// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1494// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1495// }
1496// ;
1497
1498c_declaration:
1499 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1500 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1501 | typedef_declaration
1502 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1503 | sue_declaration_specifier
1504 ;
1505
1506declaring_list:
1507 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1508 // storage-class
1509 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1510 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1511 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1512 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1513 ;
1514
1515declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1516 basic_declaration_specifier
1517 | sue_declaration_specifier
1518 | type_declaration_specifier
1519 ;
1520
1521declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1522 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1523 //
1524 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1525 //
1526 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1527 basic_declaration_specifier
1528 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1529 | type_declaration_specifier
1530 ;
1531
1532type_specifier: // type specifier
1533 basic_type_specifier
1534 | sue_type_specifier
1535 | type_type_specifier
1536 ;
1537
1538type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1539 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1540 //
1541 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1542 //
1543 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1544 basic_type_specifier
1545 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1546 | type_type_specifier
1547 ;
1548
1549type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1550 // empty
1551 { $$ = nullptr; }
1552 | type_qualifier_list
1553 ;
1554
1555type_qualifier_list:
1556 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1557 //
1558 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1559 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1560 // appeared only once.
1561 type_qualifier
1562 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1563 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1564 ;
1565
1566type_qualifier:
1567 type_qualifier_name
1568 | attribute
1569 ;
1570
1571type_qualifier_name:
1572 CONST
1573 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1574 | RESTRICT
1575 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1576 | VOLATILE
1577 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1578 | ATOMIC
1579 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1580 | forall
1581 ;
1582
1583forall:
1584 FORALL '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' // CFA
1585 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 ); }
1586 ;
1587
1588declaration_qualifier_list:
1589 storage_class_list
1590 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1591 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1592 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1593 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1594 ;
1595
1596storage_class_list:
1597 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1598 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1599 //
1600 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1601 // specifiers in a declaration.
1602 storage_class
1603 | storage_class_list storage_class
1604 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1605 ;
1606
1607storage_class:
1608 EXTERN
1609 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1610 | STATIC
1611 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1612 | AUTO
1613 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1614 | REGISTER
1615 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1616 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1617 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1618 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1619 | INLINE // C99
1620 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1621 | FORTRAN // C99
1622 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1623 | NORETURN // C11
1624 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1625 ;
1626
1627basic_type_name:
1628 VOID
1629 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1630 | BOOL // C99
1631 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1632 | CHAR
1633 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1634 | INT
1635 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1636 | INT128
1637 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1638 | FLOAT
1639 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1640 | FLOAT80
1641 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1642 | FLOAT128
1643 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1644 | DOUBLE
1645 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1646 | COMPLEX // C99
1647 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1648 | IMAGINARY // C99
1649 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1650 | SIGNED
1651 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1652 | UNSIGNED
1653 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1654 | SHORT
1655 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1656 | LONG
1657 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1658 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1659 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1660 ;
1661
1662basic_declaration_specifier:
1663 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1664 basic_type_specifier
1665 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1666 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1667 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1668 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1669 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1670 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1671 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1672 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1673 ;
1674
1675basic_type_specifier:
1676 direct_type
1677 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1678 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1679 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1680 ;
1681
1682direct_type:
1683 basic_type_name
1684 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1685 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1686 | direct_type type_qualifier
1687 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1688 | direct_type basic_type_name
1689 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1690 ;
1691
1692indirect_type:
1693 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1694 { $$ = $3; }
1695 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1696 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1697 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1698 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1699 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1700 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1701 | ZERO_T // CFA
1702 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1703 | ONE_T // CFA
1704 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1705 ;
1706
1707sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1708 sue_type_specifier
1709 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1710 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1711 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1712 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1713 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1714 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1715 ;
1716
1717sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1718 elaborated_type
1719 | type_qualifier_list
1720 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1721 elaborated_type
1722 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1723 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1724 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1725 ;
1726
1727sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1728 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1729 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1730 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1731 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1732 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1733 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1734 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1735 ;
1736
1737sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1738 elaborated_type_nobody
1739 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1740 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1741 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1742 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1743 ;
1744
1745type_declaration_specifier:
1746 type_type_specifier
1747 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1748 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1749 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1750 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1751 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1752 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1753 ;
1754
1755type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1756 type_name
1757 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1758 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1759 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1760 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1761 ;
1762
1763type_name:
1764 TYPEDEFname
1765 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1766 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1767 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ); } // FIX ME
1768 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1769 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ); } // FIX ME
1770 | typegen_name
1771 | '.' typegen_name
1772 { $$ = $2; } // FIX ME
1773 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1774 { $$ = $3; } // FIX ME
1775 ;
1776
1777typegen_name: // CFA
1778 TYPEGENname
1779 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1780 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1781 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1782 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1783 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1784 ;
1785
1786elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1787 aggregate_type
1788 | enum_type
1789 ;
1790
1791elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1792 aggregate_type_nobody
1793 | enum_type_nobody
1794 ;
1795
1796aggregate_type: // struct, union
1797 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1798 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1799 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1800 {
1801 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); // create typedef
1802 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1803 forall = false; // reset
1804 }
1805 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}'
1806 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1807 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' // CFA
1808 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1809 | aggregate_type_nobody
1810 ;
1811
1812aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1813 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1814 {
1815 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1816 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TYPEGENname ); // possibly update
1817 forall = false; // reset
1818 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1819 }
1820 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname
1821 {
1822 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1823 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1824 }
1825 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt typegen_name // CFA
1826 {
1827 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1828 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1829 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1830 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1831 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1832 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1833 delete $3;
1834 }
1835 ;
1836
1837aggregate_key:
1838 STRUCT
1839 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1840 | UNION
1841 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1842 | EXCEPTION
1843 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
1844 | COROUTINE
1845 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1846 | MONITOR
1847 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1848 | THREAD
1849 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1850 ;
1851
1852field_declaration_list_opt:
1853 // empty
1854 { $$ = nullptr; }
1855 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
1856 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1857 ;
1858
1859field_declaration:
1860 cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1861 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1862 {
1863 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
1864 $$ = $2;
1865 }
1866 | type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1867 {
1868 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1869 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1870 {
1871 distExt( $3 ); // mark all fields in list
1872 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 );
1873 }
1874 | static_assert
1875 ;
1876
1877cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1878 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1879 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1880 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1881 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1882 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1883 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1884 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1885 ;
1886
1887field_declaring_list:
1888 field_declarator_opt
1889 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator_opt
1890 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1891 ;
1892
1893field_declarator_opt:
1894 // empty
1895 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1896 // '@'
1897 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1898 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1899 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1900 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1901 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1902 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1903 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1904 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1905 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1906 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1907 ;
1908
1909bit_subrange_size_opt:
1910 // empty
1911 { $$ = nullptr; }
1912 | bit_subrange_size
1913 { $$ = $1; }
1914 ;
1915
1916bit_subrange_size:
1917 ':' constant_expression
1918 { $$ = $2; }
1919 ;
1920
1921enum_type: // enum
1922 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1923 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1924 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1925 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1926 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1927 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1928 | enum_type_nobody
1929 ;
1930
1931enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1932 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1933 {
1934 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1935 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1936 }
1937 ;
1938
1939enumerator_list:
1940 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1941 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
1942 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1943 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
1944 ;
1945
1946enumerator_value_opt:
1947 // empty
1948 { $$ = nullptr; }
1949 | '=' constant_expression
1950 { $$ = $2; }
1951 ;
1952
1953cfa_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
1954 // empty
1955 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1956 | ELLIPSIS
1957 { $$ = nullptr; }
1958 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1959 | cfa_parameter_list
1960 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1961 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1962 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1963 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1964 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1965 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1966 ;
1967
1968cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
1969 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
1970 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
1971 cfa_parameter_declaration
1972 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1973 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1974 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1975 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1976 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1977 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
1978 ;
1979
1980cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
1981 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
1982 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
1983 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1984 ;
1985
1986parameter_type_list_opt:
1987 // empty
1988 { $$ = nullptr; }
1989 | ELLIPSIS
1990 { $$ = nullptr; }
1991 | parameter_list
1992 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1993 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1994 ;
1995
1996parameter_list: // abstract + real
1997 abstract_parameter_declaration
1998 | parameter_declaration
1999 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2000 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2001 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2002 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2003 ;
2004
2005// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2006// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2007
2008cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2009 parameter_declaration
2010 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2011 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2012 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2013 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2014 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2015 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2016 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2017 | cfa_function_specifier
2018 ;
2019
2020cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2021 abstract_parameter_declaration
2022 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2023 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2024 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2025 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2026 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2027 | cfa_abstract_function
2028 ;
2029
2030parameter_declaration:
2031 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2032 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2033 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2034 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2035 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2036 ;
2037
2038abstract_parameter_declaration:
2039 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2040 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2041 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2042 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2043 ;
2044
2045// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2046// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2047// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2048
2049identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2050 no_attr_identifier
2051 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2052 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2053 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2054 ;
2055
2056identifier_or_type_name:
2057 identifier
2058 | TYPEDEFname
2059 | TYPEGENname
2060 ;
2061
2062no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2063 no_attr_identifier
2064 | TYPEDEFname
2065 | TYPEGENname
2066 ;
2067
2068type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2069 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2070 | type_specifier
2071 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2072 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2073 ;
2074
2075type: // typeof, assertion
2076 type_no_function
2077 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2078 ;
2079
2080initializer_opt:
2081 // empty
2082 { $$ = nullptr; }
2083 | '=' initializer
2084 { $$ = $2; }
2085 | '=' VOID
2086 { $$ = nullptr; }
2087 | ATassign initializer
2088 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2089 ;
2090
2091initializer:
2092 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2093 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2094 ;
2095
2096initializer_list_opt:
2097 // empty
2098 { $$ = nullptr; }
2099 | initializer
2100 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2101 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2102 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2103 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2104 ;
2105
2106// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2107// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2108//
2109// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2110//
2111// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2112// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2113// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2114// shift/reduce conflicts
2115
2116designation:
2117 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2118 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2119 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2120 ;
2121
2122designator_list: // C99
2123 designator
2124 | designator_list designator
2125 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2126 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2127 ;
2128
2129designator:
2130 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2131 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2132 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2133 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2134 { $$ = $3; }
2135 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2136 { $$ = $3; }
2137 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2138 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2139 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2140 { $$ = $4; }
2141 ;
2142
2143// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2144// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2145//
2146// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2147//
2148// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2149// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2150// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2151//
2152// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2153// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2154//
2155// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2156// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2157// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2158// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2159// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2160
2161type_parameter_list: // CFA
2162 type_parameter
2163 { $$ = $1; }
2164 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2165 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2166 ;
2167
2168type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2169 // empty
2170 { $$ = nullptr; }
2171 | '=' type
2172 { $$ = $2; }
2173 ;
2174
2175type_parameter: // CFA
2176 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2177 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname ); }
2178 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2179 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2180 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2181 | assertion_list
2182 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2183 ;
2184
2185type_class: // CFA
2186 OTYPE
2187 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2188 | DTYPE
2189 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2190 | FTYPE
2191 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2192 | TTYPE
2193 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2194 ;
2195
2196assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2197 // empty
2198 { $$ = nullptr; }
2199 | assertion_list
2200 ;
2201
2202assertion_list: // CFA
2203 assertion
2204 | assertion_list assertion
2205 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2206 ;
2207
2208assertion: // CFA
2209 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2210 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2211 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
2212 { $$ = $4; }
2213 | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_list ')'
2214 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2215 ;
2216
2217type_list: // CFA
2218 type
2219 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2220 | assignment_expression
2221 | type_list ',' type
2222 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2223 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2224 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2225 ;
2226
2227type_declaring_list: // CFA
2228 OTYPE type_declarator
2229 { $$ = $2; }
2230 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2231 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2232 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2233 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2234 ;
2235
2236type_declarator: // CFA
2237 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2238 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2239 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2240 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2241 ;
2242
2243type_declarator_name: // CFA
2244 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2245 {
2246 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname );
2247 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2248 }
2249 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
2250 {
2251 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname );
2252 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
2253 }
2254 ;
2255
2256trait_specifier: // CFA
2257 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
2258 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 ); }
2259 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
2260 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 ); }
2261 ;
2262
2263trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2264 trait_declaration
2265 | trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
2266 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2267 ;
2268
2269trait_declaration: // CFA
2270 cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2271 | trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2272 ;
2273
2274cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2275 cfa_variable_specifier
2276 | cfa_function_specifier
2277 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2278 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2279 ;
2280
2281trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2282 type_specifier declarator
2283 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2284 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2285 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2286 ;
2287
2288//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2289
2290translation_unit:
2291 // empty
2292 {} // empty input file
2293 | external_definition_list
2294 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2295 ;
2296
2297external_definition_list:
2298 external_definition
2299 | external_definition_list
2300 { forall = xxx; }
2301 push external_definition
2302 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $4 ) : $4; }
2303 ;
2304
2305external_definition_list_opt:
2306 // empty
2307 { $$ = nullptr; }
2308 | external_definition_list
2309 ;
2310
2311external_definition:
2312 declaration
2313 | external_function_definition
2314 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2315 {
2316 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2317 }
2318 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2319 {
2320 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2321 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2322 }
2323 '{' external_definition_list_opt '}'
2324 {
2325 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2326 linkageStack.pop();
2327 $$ = $5;
2328 }
2329 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2330 {
2331 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2332 $$ = $2;
2333 }
2334 | type_qualifier_list
2335 { if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; } // remember generic type
2336 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2337 {
2338 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2339 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2340 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2341 } // if
2342 } // for
2343 xxx = false;
2344 delete $1;
2345 $$ = $5;
2346 }
2347 | declaration_qualifier_list
2348 { if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; } // remember generic type
2349 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2350 {
2351 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2352 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2353 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2354 } // if
2355 } // for
2356 xxx = false;
2357 delete $1;
2358 $$ = $5;
2359 }
2360 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2361 {
2362 // forall must be in the type_qualifier_list
2363 if ( $2->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2364 }
2365 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2366 {
2367 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $6; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2368 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) && isMangled( $2->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2369 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2370 iter->addQualifiers( $2->clone() );
2371 } // if
2372 } // for
2373 xxx = false;
2374 delete $1;
2375 delete $2;
2376 $$ = $6;
2377 }
2378 ;
2379
2380external_function_definition:
2381 function_definition
2382 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2383 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2384 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2385 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2386 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2387 | function_declarator compound_statement
2388 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2389 | KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
2390 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2391 ;
2392
2393with_clause_opt:
2394 // empty
2395 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2396 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2397 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2398 ;
2399
2400function_definition:
2401 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2402 {
2403 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2404 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2405 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2406 $$ = $1;
2407 }
2408 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2409 {
2410 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2411 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2412 }
2413 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2414 {
2415 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2416 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2417 }
2418 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2419 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2420 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2421 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2422 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2423 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2424 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2425 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2426 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2427
2428 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2429 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2430 {
2431 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2432 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2433 }
2434 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2435 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2436 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2437 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2438 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2439 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2440 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2441 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2442 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2443 ;
2444
2445declarator:
2446 variable_declarator
2447 | variable_type_redeclarator
2448 | function_declarator
2449 ;
2450
2451subrange:
2452 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2453 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2454 ;
2455
2456asm_name_opt: // GCC
2457 // empty
2458 { $$ = nullptr; }
2459 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2460 {
2461 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2462 name->asmName = $3;
2463 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2464 }
2465 ;
2466
2467attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2468 // empty
2469 { $$ = nullptr; }
2470 | attribute_list
2471 ;
2472
2473attribute_list: // GCC
2474 attribute
2475 | attribute_list attribute
2476 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2477 ;
2478
2479attribute: // GCC
2480 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2481 { $$ = $4; }
2482 ;
2483
2484attribute_name_list: // GCC
2485 attribute_name
2486 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2487 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2488 ;
2489
2490attribute_name: // GCC
2491 // empty
2492 { $$ = nullptr; }
2493 | attr_name
2494 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2495 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2496 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2497 ;
2498
2499attr_name: // GCC
2500 IDENTIFIER
2501 | quasi_keyword
2502 | TYPEDEFname
2503 | TYPEGENname
2504 | FALLTHROUGH
2505 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2506 | CONST
2507 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2508 ;
2509
2510// ============================================================================
2511// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2512// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2513// in:
2514//
2515// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2516// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2517//
2518// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2519// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2520// ============================================================================
2521
2522// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2523// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2524// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2525//
2526// valid declaration invalid definition
2527// ----------------- ------------------
2528// int f; int f {}
2529// int *f; int *f {}
2530// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2531// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2532//
2533// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2534// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2535// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2536
2537// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2538// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2539
2540variable_declarator:
2541 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2542 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2543 | variable_ptr
2544 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2545 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2546 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2547 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2548 ;
2549
2550paren_identifier:
2551 identifier
2552 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2553 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2554 { $$ = $2; }
2555 ;
2556
2557variable_ptr:
2558 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2559 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2560 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2561 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2562 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2563 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2564 ;
2565
2566variable_array:
2567 paren_identifier array_dimension
2568 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2569 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2570 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2571 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2572 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2573 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2574 { $$ = $2; }
2575 ;
2576
2577variable_function:
2578 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2579 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2580 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2581 { $$ = $2; }
2582 ;
2583
2584// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2585// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2586// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2587
2588function_declarator:
2589 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2590 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2591 | function_ptr
2592 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2593 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2594 ;
2595
2596function_no_ptr:
2597 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2598 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2599 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2600 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2601 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2602 { $$ = $2; }
2603 ;
2604
2605function_ptr:
2606 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2607 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2608 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2609 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2610 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2611 { $$ = $2; }
2612 ;
2613
2614function_array:
2615 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2616 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2617 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2618 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2619 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2620 { $$ = $2; }
2621 ;
2622
2623// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2624//
2625// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2626//
2627// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2628// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2629
2630KR_function_declarator:
2631 KR_function_no_ptr
2632 | KR_function_ptr
2633 | KR_function_array
2634 ;
2635
2636KR_function_no_ptr:
2637 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2638 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2639 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2640 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2641 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2642 { $$ = $2; }
2643 ;
2644
2645KR_function_ptr:
2646 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2647 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2648 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2649 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2650 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2651 { $$ = $2; }
2652 ;
2653
2654KR_function_array:
2655 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2656 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2657 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2658 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2659 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2660 { $$ = $2; }
2661 ;
2662
2663// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2664//
2665// typedef int foo;
2666// {
2667// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2668// }
2669//
2670// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2671// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2672
2673variable_type_redeclarator:
2674 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2675 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2676 | type_ptr
2677 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2678 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2679 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2680 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2681 ;
2682
2683paren_type:
2684 typedef
2685 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2686 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER ); }
2687 | '(' paren_type ')'
2688 { $$ = $2; }
2689 ;
2690
2691type_ptr:
2692 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2693 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2694 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2695 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2696 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2697 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2698 ;
2699
2700type_array:
2701 paren_type array_dimension
2702 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2703 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2704 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2705 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2706 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2707 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2708 { $$ = $2; }
2709 ;
2710
2711type_function:
2712 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2713 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2714 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2715 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2716 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2717 { $$ = $2; }
2718 ;
2719
2720// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2721// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2722// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2723// pointers to arrays and functions.
2724
2725identifier_parameter_declarator:
2726 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2727 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2728 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2729 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2730 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2731 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2732 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2733 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2734 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2735 ;
2736
2737identifier_parameter_ptr:
2738 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2739 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2740 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2741 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2742 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2743 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2744 ;
2745
2746identifier_parameter_array:
2747 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2748 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2749 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2750 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2751 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2752 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2753 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2754 { $$ = $2; }
2755 ;
2756
2757identifier_parameter_function:
2758 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2759 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2760 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2761 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2762 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2763 { $$ = $2; }
2764 ;
2765
2766// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2767// e.g.:
2768//
2769// typedef int foo;
2770// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2771// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2772//
2773// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2774
2775type_parameter_redeclarator:
2776 typedef attribute_list_opt
2777 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2778 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2779 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2780 | type_parameter_ptr
2781 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2782 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2783 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2784 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2785 ;
2786
2787typedef:
2788 TYPEDEFname
2789 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2790 | TYPEGENname
2791 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2792 ;
2793
2794type_parameter_ptr:
2795 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2796 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2797 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2798 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2799 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2800 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2801 ;
2802
2803type_parameter_array:
2804 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2805 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2806 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2807 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2808 ;
2809
2810type_parameter_function:
2811 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2812 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2813 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2814 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2815 ;
2816
2817// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2818// which the type applies, e.g.:
2819//
2820// sizeof( int );
2821// sizeof( int * );
2822// sizeof( int [10] );
2823// sizeof( int (*)() );
2824// sizeof( int () );
2825//
2826// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2827// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2828
2829abstract_declarator:
2830 abstract_ptr
2831 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2832 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2833 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2834 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2835 ;
2836
2837abstract_ptr:
2838 ptrref_operator
2839 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2840 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2841 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2842 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2843 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2844 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2845 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2846 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2847 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2848 ;
2849
2850abstract_array:
2851 array_dimension
2852 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2853 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2854 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2855 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2856 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2857 { $$ = $2; }
2858 ;
2859
2860abstract_function:
2861 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2862 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2863 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2864 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2865 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2866 { $$ = $2; }
2867 ;
2868
2869array_dimension:
2870 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2871 '[' ']'
2872 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2873 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2874 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2875 | multi_array_dimension
2876 ;
2877
2878multi_array_dimension:
2879 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2880 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2881 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2882 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2883 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2884 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2885 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2886 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2887 ;
2888
2889// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2890// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2891//
2892// int f( int ); // not handled here
2893// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2894// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2895// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2896//
2897// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2898// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2899// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2900//
2901// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2902// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2903// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2904//
2905// For example:
2906//
2907// typedef float T;
2908// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2909// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2910// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2911// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2912//
2913// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2914// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2915// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2916// functions.
2917
2918abstract_parameter_declarator:
2919 abstract_parameter_ptr
2920 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2921 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2922 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2923 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2924 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2925 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2926 ;
2927
2928abstract_parameter_ptr:
2929 ptrref_operator
2930 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
2931 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2932 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2933 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
2934 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
2935 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
2936 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2937 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2938 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2939 ;
2940
2941abstract_parameter_array:
2942 array_parameter_dimension
2943 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2944 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2945 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2946 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2947 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2948 { $$ = $2; }
2949 ;
2950
2951abstract_parameter_function:
2952 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2953 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2954 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2955 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2956 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2957 { $$ = $2; }
2958 ;
2959
2960array_parameter_dimension:
2961 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
2962 array_parameter_1st_dimension
2963 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
2964 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2965 | multi_array_dimension
2966 ;
2967
2968// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
2969//
2970// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
2971// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
2972
2973array_parameter_1st_dimension:
2974 '[' ']'
2975 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2976 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
2977 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
2978 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
2979 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
2980 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
2981 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
2982 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
2983 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
2984 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
2985 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
2986 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
2987 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
2988 ;
2989
2990// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
2991//
2992// struct S {
2993// int;
2994// int *;
2995// int [10];
2996// int (*)();
2997// };
2998
2999variable_abstract_declarator:
3000 variable_abstract_ptr
3001 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3002 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3003 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3004 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3005 ;
3006
3007variable_abstract_ptr:
3008 ptrref_operator
3009 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3010 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3011 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3012 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3013 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3014 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3015 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3016 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3017 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3018 ;
3019
3020variable_abstract_array:
3021 array_dimension
3022 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3023 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3024 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3025 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3026 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3027 { $$ = $2; }
3028 ;
3029
3030variable_abstract_function:
3031 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3032 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3033 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3034 { $$ = $2; }
3035 ;
3036
3037// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3038// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3039
3040cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3041 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3042 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3043 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3044 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3045 ;
3046
3047cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3048 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3049 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3050 ;
3051
3052cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3053 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3054 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3055 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3056 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3057 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3058 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3059 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3060 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3061 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3062 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3063 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3064 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3065 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3066 ;
3067
3068cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3069 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3070 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3071 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3072 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3073 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3074 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3075 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3076 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3077 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3078 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3079 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3080 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3081
3082 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3083 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3084 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3085 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3086 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3087 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3088 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3089 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3090 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3091 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3092 ;
3093
3094cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3095 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3096 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3097 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3098 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3099 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3100 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3101 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3102 // appear in this context.
3103 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3104 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3105 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3106 ;
3107
3108// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3109// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3110//
3111// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3112// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3113//
3114// These rules need LR(3):
3115//
3116// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3117// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3118//
3119// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3120//
3121// [int, int] t;
3122// [int, int] f( int );
3123//
3124// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3125// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3126// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3127// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3128
3129cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3130 cfa_abstract_tuple
3131 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3132 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3133 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3134 ;
3135
3136cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3137 cfa_abstract_ptr
3138 | cfa_abstract_array
3139 ;
3140
3141cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3142 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3143 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3144 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3145 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3146 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3147 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3148 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3149 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3150 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3151 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3152 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3153 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3154 ;
3155
3156cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3157 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3158 // empty (void) function return type.
3159 '[' ']' type_specifier
3160 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3161 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3162 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3163 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3164 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3165 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3166 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3167 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3168 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3169 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3170 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3171 ;
3172
3173cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3174 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3175 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3176 ;
3177
3178cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3179// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3180// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3181 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3182 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3183 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3184 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3185 ;
3186
3187// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3188// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3189//
3190// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3191// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3192//
3193// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3194// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3195//
3196// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3197// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3198
3199//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3200
3201comma_opt: // redundant comma
3202 // empty
3203 | ','
3204 ;
3205
3206default_initialize_opt:
3207 // empty
3208 { $$ = nullptr; }
3209 | '=' assignment_expression
3210 { $$ = $2; }
3211 ;
3212
3213%%
3214// ----end of grammar----
3215
3216// Local Variables: //
3217// mode: c++ //
3218// tab-width: 4 //
3219// compile-command: "make install" //
3220// End: //
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