source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 6387f07

ADT arm-eh ast-experimental enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation new-ast-unique-expr pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since 6387f07 was b66d14a, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 5 years ago

add new type kinds DStype and ALtype

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 137.3 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Mon Jan 11 21:32:10 2021
13// Update Count : 4633
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
54#include "ParseNode.h"
55#include "TypedefTable.h"
56#include "TypeData.h"
57#include "SynTree/LinkageSpec.h"
58#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
59#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
60
61extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
62extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
63extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
64
65stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
66
67bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
68 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
69 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
70 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
71 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
72 //
73 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
74 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
75 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
76
77 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
79 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
80 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
81 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
82 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
83 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
84 } // if
85 } else {
86 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
87 to = "u8" + to;
88 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
89 } else {
90 to = from[0] + to;
91 } // if
92 } // if
93 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
94 } // if
95 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
96 return true;
97} // appendStr
98
99DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
100 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
101 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106 return declList;
107} // distAttr
108
109void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
110 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
111 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
112 iter->set_extension( true );
113 } // for
114} // distExt
115
116void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
117 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
118 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
119 iter->set_inLine( true );
120 } // for
121} // distInl
122
123void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
124 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
125 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
126 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
127 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
128 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
129 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
130 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
131 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
132 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
133 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
134 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
135 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
136 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
137 DeclarationNode newnode;
138 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
139 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
140 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
141 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
142 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
143 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
144 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
145 } // if
146 } else { // just SC qualifiers
147 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
148 } // if
149 } // for
150 delete qualifiers;
151} // distQual
152
153// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
154// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
155// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
156// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
157// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
158// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
159// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
160
161void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
162 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
163 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
164 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
165 } // if
166} // rebindForall
167
168string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
169 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
170 return name;
171} // build_postfix_name
172
173DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
174 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
175 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
176 stringstream ss;
177 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
178 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
179 return nullptr;
180 } // if
181 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
182 } // if
183 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
184} // fieldDecl
185
186ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
187 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
188 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
189 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
190 } // if
191 return new ForCtrl(
192 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
193 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
194 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
195 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
196 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
197} // forCtrl
198
199ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
200 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
201 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
202 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
203 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
204 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
205 } else {
206 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
207 } // if
208 } else {
209 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
210 } // if
211} // forCtrl
212
213bool forall = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
214
215// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
216#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
217if ( N ) { \
218 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
219 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
220 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
221 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
222 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
223} else { \
224 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
225 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
226 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
227}
228%}
229
230%define parse.error verbose
231
232// Types declaration for productions
233%union {
234 Token tok;
235 ParseNode * pn;
236 ExpressionNode * en;
237 DeclarationNode * decl;
238 AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
239 TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
240 StatementNode * sn;
241 WaitForStmt * wfs;
242 Expression * constant;
243 IfCtrl * ifctl;
244 ForCtrl * fctl;
245 enum OperKinds compop;
246 LabelNode * label;
247 InitializerNode * in;
248 OperKinds op;
249 std::string * str;
250 bool flag;
251 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
252 GenericExpr * genexpr;
253}
254
255//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
256
257// keywords
258%token TYPEDEF
259%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
260%token THREADLOCAL // C11
261%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
262%token NORETURN // C11
263%token CONST VOLATILE
264%token RESTRICT // C99
265%token ATOMIC // C11
266%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL COERCE // CFA
267%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
268%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
269%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
270%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
271%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
272%token VALIST // GCC
273%token AUTO_TYPE // GCC
274%token TYPEOF BASETYPEOF LABEL // GCC
275%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
276%token EXCEPTION // CFA
277%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
278%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
279%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
280// %token RESUME // CFA
281%token SUSPEND // CFA
282%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
283%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
284%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
285%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
286%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
287
288// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
289%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
290%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
291%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
292%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
293// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
294// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
295// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
296%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
297
298// multi-character operators
299%token ARROW // ->
300%token ICR DECR // ++ --
301%token LS RS // << >>
302%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
303%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
304%token ELLIPSIS // ...
305
306%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
307%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
308%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
309%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
310
311%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
312%token ATassign // @=
313
314%type<tok> identifier
315%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name attr_name
316%type<tok> quasi_keyword
317%type<constant> string_literal
318%type<str> string_literal_list
319
320// expressions
321%type<en> constant
322%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
323%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
324%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
325%type<en> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
326%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
327%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
328%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
329%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
330%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
331%type<en> argument_expression_list_opt argument_expression default_initializer_opt
332%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
333%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
334%type<compop> inclexcl
335%type<en> subrange
336%type<decl> asm_name_opt
337%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
338%type<label> label_list
339%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
340%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
341%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
342%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
343
344// statements
345%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
346%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
347%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
348%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
349%type<en> case_value
350%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
351%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
352%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
353%type<sn> with_statement
354%type<en> with_clause_opt
355%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
356%type<catch_kind> handler_key
357%type<sn> mutex_statement
358%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
359%type<sn> waitfor_statement
360%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
361
362// declarations
363%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
364%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
365%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
366
367%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
368%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
369
370%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
371
372%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
373
374%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
375
376%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
377
378%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
379%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
380
381%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
382
383%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
384%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
385
386%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
387
388%type<decl> exception_declaration
389
390%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
391%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
392
393%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
394
395%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
396%type<decl> identifier_list
397
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
399%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
400%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
401
402%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
403
404%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
405%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
406
407%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
408%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
409
410%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
411
412%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
413
414%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
415%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
416%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
419
420%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
421
422%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
423
424%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
425
426%type<tclass> type_class new_type_class
427%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
428
429%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
430%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
431
432%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
433
434%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
435
436%type<decl> type type_no_function
437%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
438
439%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
440
441%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
442%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
443
444%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
445%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
446
447%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
448
449// initializers
450%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
451
452// designators
453%type<en> designator designator_list designation
454
455
456// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
457// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
458// if ( C ) S1 else S2
459// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
460// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
461
462// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
463// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
464%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
465%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
468
469// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
470// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
471// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
472// Foo ( *fp )( int );
473// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
474// must be:
475// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
476// The same problem occurs here:
477// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
478// must be:
479// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
480
481// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
482%precedence TYPEGENname
483%precedence '}'
484%precedence '('
485
486// %precedence RESUME
487// %precedence '{'
488// %precedence ')'
489
490%locations // support location tracking for error messages
491
492%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
493
494%%
495//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
496
497// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
498// which are lexically identical.
499//
500// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
501// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
502//
503// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
504// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
505// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
506// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
507// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
508//
509// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
510// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
511// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
512// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
513// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
514// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
515// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
516//
517// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
518// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
519// around the list separator.
520//
521// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
522// push pop push pop
523
524push:
525 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
526 ;
527
528pop:
529 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
530 ;
531
532//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
533
534constant:
535 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
536 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
537 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
538 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
539 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
540 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
541 ;
542
543quasi_keyword: // CFA
544 TIMEOUT
545 | WOR
546 ;
547
548identifier:
549 IDENTIFIER
550 | quasi_keyword
551 | '@' // CFA
552 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
553 ;
554
555string_literal:
556 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
557 ;
558
559string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
560 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
561 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
562 {
563 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
564 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
565 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
566 }
567 ;
568
569//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
570
571primary_expression:
572 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
573 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
574 | quasi_keyword
575 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
576 | tuple
577 | '(' comma_expression ')'
578 { $$ = $2; }
579 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
580 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
581 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
582 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
583 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
584 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
585 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
586 {
587 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
588 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
589 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
590 }
591 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
592 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
593 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
594 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
595 ;
596
597generic_assoc_list: // C11
598 generic_association
599 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
600 {
601 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
602 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
603 delete $3;
604 $$ = $1;
605 }
606 ;
607
608generic_association: // C11
609 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
610 {
611 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
612 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
613 }
614 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
615 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
616 ;
617
618postfix_expression:
619 primary_expression
620 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
621 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
622 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
623 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
624 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
625 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
626 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, constructor call
627 {
628 Token fn;
629 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
630 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
631 }
632 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
633 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
634 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
635 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
636 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
637 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
638 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
639 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
640 | postfix_expression '.' identifier
641 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
642 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
643 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
644 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
645 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
646 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
647 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
648 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
649 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $3, $1 ) ); }
650 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
651 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
652 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
653 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
654 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
655 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
656 | postfix_expression ICR
657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
658 | postfix_expression DECR
659 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
660 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
661 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
662 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
663 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
664 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, destructor call
665 {
666 Token fn;
667 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
668 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
669 }
670 ;
671
672argument_expression_list_opt:
673 // empty
674 { $$ = nullptr; }
675 | argument_expression
676 | argument_expression_list_opt ',' argument_expression
677 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
678 ;
679
680argument_expression:
681 '@' // CFA, default parameter
682 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
683 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
684 | assignment_expression
685 ;
686
687field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
688 field
689 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
690 ;
691
692field: // CFA, tuple field selector
693 field_name
694 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
695 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
696 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
697 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
698 | field_name '.' field
699 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
700 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
701 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
702 | field_name ARROW field
703 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
704 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
705 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
706 ;
707
708field_name:
709 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
710 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
711 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
712 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
713 | identifier fraction_constants_opt
714 {
715 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
716 }
717 ;
718
719fraction_constants_opt:
720 // empty
721 { $$ = nullptr; }
722 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
723 {
724 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
725 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
726 }
727 ;
728
729unary_expression:
730 postfix_expression
731 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
732 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
733 | constant
734 | string_literal
735 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
736 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
737 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
738 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
739 // { * X; } // dereference X
740 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
741 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
742 {
743 switch ( $1 ) {
744 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
745 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
746 break;
747 case OperKinds::PointTo:
748 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
749 break;
750 case OperKinds::And:
751 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
752 break;
753 default:
754 assert( false );
755 }
756 }
757 | unary_operator cast_expression
758 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
759 | ICR unary_expression
760 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
761 | DECR unary_expression
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
763 | SIZEOF unary_expression
764 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
765 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
766 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
767 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
768 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
769 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
770 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
771 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
772 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
773 ;
774
775ptrref_operator:
776 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
777 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
778 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
779 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
780 ;
781
782unary_operator:
783 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
784 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
785 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
786 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
787 ;
788
789cast_expression:
790 unary_expression
791 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
792 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
793 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
794 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
795 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
796 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
797 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
798 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
799 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
800 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
801 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
802 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
803 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
804 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
805// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
806// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
807 ;
808
809qualifier_cast_list:
810 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
811 | cast_modifier MUTEX
812 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
813 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
814 ;
815
816cast_modifier:
817 '-'
818 | '+'
819 ;
820
821exponential_expression:
822 cast_expression
823 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
824 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
825 ;
826
827multiplicative_expression:
828 exponential_expression
829 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
830 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
831 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
832 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
833 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
834 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
835 ;
836
837additive_expression:
838 multiplicative_expression
839 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
840 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
841 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
842 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
843 ;
844
845shift_expression:
846 additive_expression
847 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
848 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
849 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
850 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
851 ;
852
853relational_expression:
854 shift_expression
855 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
856 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
857 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
858 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
859 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
860 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
861 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
862 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
863 ;
864
865equality_expression:
866 relational_expression
867 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
868 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
869 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
870 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
871 ;
872
873AND_expression:
874 equality_expression
875 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
876 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
877 ;
878
879exclusive_OR_expression:
880 AND_expression
881 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
882 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
883 ;
884
885inclusive_OR_expression:
886 exclusive_OR_expression
887 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
888 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
889 ;
890
891logical_AND_expression:
892 inclusive_OR_expression
893 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
894 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
895 ;
896
897logical_OR_expression:
898 logical_AND_expression
899 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
900 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
901 ;
902
903conditional_expression:
904 logical_OR_expression
905 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
906 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
907 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
908 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
909 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
910 ;
911
912constant_expression:
913 conditional_expression
914 ;
915
916assignment_expression:
917 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
918 conditional_expression
919 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
920 {
921// if ( $2 == OperKinds::AtAssn ) {
922// SemanticError( yylloc, "C @= assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
923// } else {
924 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) );
925// } // if
926 }
927 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
928 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
929 ;
930
931assignment_expression_opt:
932 // empty
933 { $$ = nullptr; }
934 | assignment_expression
935 ;
936
937assignment_operator:
938 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
939 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
940 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
941 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
942 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
943 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
944 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
945 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
946 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
947 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
948 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
949 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
950 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
951 ;
952
953tuple: // CFA, tuple
954 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
955 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
956// '[' ']'
957// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
958// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
959// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
960 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
961 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
962 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
963 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $6 ) ) )); }
964 ;
965
966tuple_expression_list:
967 assignment_expression
968 | '@' // CFA
969 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
970 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression
971 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
972 | tuple_expression_list ',' '@'
973 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
974 ;
975
976comma_expression:
977 assignment_expression
978 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
979 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
980 ;
981
982comma_expression_opt:
983 // empty
984 { $$ = nullptr; }
985 | comma_expression
986 ;
987
988//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
989
990statement:
991 labeled_statement
992 | compound_statement
993 | expression_statement
994 | selection_statement
995 | iteration_statement
996 | jump_statement
997 | with_statement
998 | mutex_statement
999 | waitfor_statement
1000 | exception_statement
1001 | enable_disable_statement
1002 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1003 | asm_statement
1004 | DIRECTIVE
1005 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
1006 ;
1007
1008labeled_statement:
1009 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1010 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1011 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1012 ;
1013
1014compound_statement:
1015 '{' '}'
1016 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1017 | '{' push
1018 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
1019 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1020 pop '}'
1021 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1022 ;
1023
1024statement_decl_list: // C99
1025 statement_decl
1026 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1027 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1028 ;
1029
1030statement_decl:
1031 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1032 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1033 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1034 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1035 | function_definition
1036 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1037 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1038 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1039 | statement
1040 ;
1041
1042statement_list_nodecl:
1043 statement
1044 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1045 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1046 ;
1047
1048expression_statement:
1049 comma_expression_opt ';'
1050 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1051 ;
1052
1053selection_statement:
1054 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1055 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1056 push if_statement pop
1057 { $$ = $2; }
1058 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1059 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1060 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1061 {
1062 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1063 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1064 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1065 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1066 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1067 // statement.
1068 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1069 }
1070 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1071 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1072 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1073 {
1074 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1075 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1076 }
1077 ;
1078
1079if_statement:
1080 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1081 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1082 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), nullptr ) ); }
1083 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1084 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), maybe_build_compound( $7 ) ) ); }
1085 ;
1086
1087if_control_expression:
1088 comma_expression
1089 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1090 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1091 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1092 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1093 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1094 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1095 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1096 ;
1097
1098// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1099// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1100
1101case_value: // CFA
1102 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1103 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1104 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1105 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1106 ;
1107
1108case_value_list: // CFA
1109 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1110 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1111 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1112 ;
1113
1114case_label: // CFA
1115 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1116 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1117 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1118 ;
1119
1120//label_list_opt:
1121// // empty
1122// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1123// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1124// ;
1125
1126case_label_list: // CFA
1127 case_label
1128 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1129 ;
1130
1131case_clause: // CFA
1132 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ); }
1133 ;
1134
1135switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1136 // empty
1137 { $$ = nullptr; }
1138 | switch_clause_list
1139 ;
1140
1141switch_clause_list: // CFA
1142 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1143 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1144 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1145 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1146 ;
1147
1148iteration_statement:
1149 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1150 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, maybe_build_compound( $6 ) ) ); }
1151 | WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1152 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1153 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1154 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1155 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1156 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1157 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression_list ')' statement pop
1158 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, maybe_build_compound( $6 ) ) ); }
1159 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1160 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1161 ;
1162
1163for_control_expression_list:
1164 for_control_expression
1165 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1166 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1167 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1168 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1169 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1170 {
1171 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1172 if ( $1->condition ) {
1173 if ( $3->condition ) {
1174 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1175 } // if
1176 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1177 if ( $1->change ) {
1178 if ( $3->change ) {
1179 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1180 } // if
1181 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1182 $$ = $1;
1183 }
1184 ;
1185
1186for_control_expression:
1187 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1188 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1189 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1190 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1191 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1192 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1193
1194 | comma_expression // CFA
1195 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1196 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1197 | '=' comma_expression // CFA
1198 { $$ = forCtrl( $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1199 OperKinds::LEThan, $2->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1200 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1201 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1202 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1203 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1204 | comma_expression ';' // CFA
1205 { $$ = forCtrl( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0u" ) ) ), $1, nullptr, OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1206 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1207 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1208 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1209 | comma_expression ';' '=' comma_expression // CFA
1210 { $$ = forCtrl( $4, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1211 OperKinds::LEThan, $4->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1212 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1213 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1214 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1215 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1216
1217 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1218 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1219 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1220 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1221 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1222 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1223 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1224 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1225 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1226 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1227 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1228 ;
1229
1230inclexcl:
1231 '~'
1232 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1233 | ErangeUpEq
1234 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1235 | ErangeDown
1236 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1237 | ErangeDownEq
1238 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1239 ;
1240
1241jump_statement:
1242 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1243 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1244 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1245 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1246 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1247 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1248 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1249 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1250 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1251 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1252 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1253 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1254 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1255 | CONTINUE ';'
1256 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1257 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1258 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1259 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1260 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1261 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1262 | BREAK ';'
1263 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1264 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1265 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1266 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1267 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1268 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1269 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1270 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1271 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1272 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1273 | SUSPEND ';'
1274 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr ) ); }
1275 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1276 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $2 ) ); }
1277 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1278 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1279 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1280 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1281 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1282 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1283 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1284 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1285 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1286 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1287 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1288 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1289 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1290 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1291 ;
1292
1293fall_through_name: // CFA
1294 FALLTHRU
1295 | FALLTHROUGH
1296 ;
1297
1298with_statement:
1299 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1300 {
1301 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1302 }
1303 ;
1304
1305// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1306mutex_statement:
1307 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')' statement
1308 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1309 ;
1310
1311when_clause:
1312 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1313 ;
1314
1315when_clause_opt:
1316 // empty
1317 { $$ = nullptr; }
1318 | when_clause
1319 ;
1320
1321waitfor:
1322 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1323 { $$ = $3; }
1324// | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1325// { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1326 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1327 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 )); }
1328 ;
1329
1330cast_expression_list:
1331 cast_expression
1332 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1333 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1334 { SemanticError( yylloc, "List of mutex member is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1335 ;
1336
1337timeout:
1338 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1339 ;
1340
1341waitfor_clause:
1342 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1343 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1344 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1345 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, $5 ); }
1346 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1347 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1348 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1349 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1350 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1351 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1352 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1353 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1354 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, maybe_build_compound( $7 ), $5 ); }
1355 ;
1356
1357waitfor_statement:
1358 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1359 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1360 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1361 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1362 ;
1363
1364exception_statement:
1365 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1366 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1367 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1368 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1369 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1370 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1371 ;
1372
1373handler_clause:
1374 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1375 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1376 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1377 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1378 ;
1379
1380handler_predicate_opt:
1381 // empty
1382 { $$ = nullptr; }
1383 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1384 ;
1385
1386handler_key:
1387 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1388 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1389 ;
1390
1391finally_clause:
1392 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1393 ;
1394
1395exception_declaration:
1396 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1397 type_specifier_nobody
1398 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1399 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1400 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1401 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1402 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1403 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1404 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1405 ;
1406
1407enable_disable_statement:
1408 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1409 ;
1410
1411enable_disable_key:
1412 ENABLE
1413 | DISABLE
1414 ;
1415
1416asm_statement:
1417 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1418 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1419 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1420 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1421 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1422 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1423 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1424 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1425 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1426 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1427 ;
1428
1429asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1430 // empty
1431 { $$ = false; }
1432 | VOLATILE
1433 { $$ = true; }
1434 ;
1435
1436asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1437 // empty
1438 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1439 | asm_operands_list
1440 ;
1441
1442asm_operands_list: // GCC
1443 asm_operand
1444 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1445 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1446 ;
1447
1448asm_operand: // GCC
1449 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1450 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( nullptr, $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1451 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1452 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( $2, $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1453 ;
1454
1455asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1456 // empty
1457 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1458 | string_literal
1459 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1460 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1461 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) )); }
1462 ;
1463
1464label_list:
1465 identifier
1466 {
1467 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1468 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1469 }
1470 | label_list ',' identifier
1471 {
1472 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1473 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1474 }
1475 ;
1476
1477//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1478
1479declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1480 // empty
1481 { $$ = nullptr; }
1482 | declaration_list
1483 ;
1484
1485declaration_list:
1486 declaration
1487 | declaration_list declaration
1488 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1489 ;
1490
1491KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1492 // empty
1493 { $$ = nullptr; }
1494 | KR_parameter_list
1495 ;
1496
1497KR_parameter_list:
1498 push c_declaration pop ';'
1499 { $$ = $2; }
1500 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1501 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1502 ;
1503
1504local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1505 // empty
1506 | local_label_declaration_list
1507 ;
1508
1509local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1510 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1511 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1512 ;
1513
1514local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1515 identifier_or_type_name
1516 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1517 ;
1518
1519declaration: // old & new style declarations
1520 c_declaration ';'
1521 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1522 | static_assert // C11
1523 ;
1524
1525static_assert:
1526 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1527 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1528 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1529 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1530
1531// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1532// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1533// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1534// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1535// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1536// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1537//
1538// CFA C
1539// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1540// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1541
1542cfa_declaration: // CFA
1543 cfa_variable_declaration
1544 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1545 | cfa_function_declaration
1546 | type_declaring_list
1547 { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1548 | trait_specifier
1549 ;
1550
1551cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1552 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1553 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1554 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1555 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1556 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1557 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1558 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1559 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1560 ;
1561
1562cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1563 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1564 // storage-class
1565 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1566 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1567 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1568 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1569 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1570 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1571 ;
1572
1573cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1574 cfa_function_specifier
1575 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1576 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1577 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1578 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1579 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1580 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1581 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1582 {
1583 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1584 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1585 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1586 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1587 }
1588 ;
1589
1590cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1591// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1592// {
1593// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1594// }
1595// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1596// {
1597// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1598// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1599// }
1600// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1601// {
1602// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1603// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1604// }
1605// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1606 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1607 //
1608 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1609 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1610 //
1611 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1612 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1613 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1614 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1615 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1616 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1617 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1618 ;
1619
1620cfa_function_return: // CFA
1621 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1622 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1623 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1624 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1625 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1626 ;
1627
1628cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1629 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1630 {
1631 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1632 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1633 }
1634 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1635 {
1636 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1637 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1638 }
1639 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push identifier
1640 {
1641 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1642 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1643 }
1644 ;
1645
1646// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1647// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1648
1649typedef_declaration:
1650 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1651 {
1652 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1653 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1654 }
1655 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1656 {
1657 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1658 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1659 }
1660 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1661 {
1662 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1663 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1664 }
1665 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1666 {
1667 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1668 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1669 }
1670 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1671 {
1672 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1673 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1674 }
1675 ;
1676
1677typedef_expression:
1678 // deprecated GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1679 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
1680 {
1681 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1682 }
1683 | typedef_expression pop ',' push identifier '=' assignment_expression
1684 {
1685 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1686 }
1687 ;
1688
1689c_declaration:
1690 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1691 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1692 | typedef_declaration
1693 | typedef_expression // deprecated GCC, naming expression type
1694 | sue_declaration_specifier
1695 ;
1696
1697declaring_list:
1698 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1699 // storage-class
1700 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1701 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1702 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1703 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1704 ;
1705
1706declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1707 basic_declaration_specifier
1708 | sue_declaration_specifier
1709 | type_declaration_specifier
1710 ;
1711
1712declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1713 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1714 //
1715 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1716 //
1717 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1718 basic_declaration_specifier
1719 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1720 | type_declaration_specifier
1721 ;
1722
1723type_specifier: // type specifier
1724 basic_type_specifier
1725 | sue_type_specifier
1726 | type_type_specifier
1727 ;
1728
1729type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1730 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1731 //
1732 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1733 //
1734 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1735 basic_type_specifier
1736 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1737 | type_type_specifier
1738 ;
1739
1740type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1741 // empty
1742 { $$ = nullptr; }
1743 | type_qualifier_list
1744 ;
1745
1746type_qualifier_list:
1747 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1748 //
1749 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1750 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1751 // appeared only once.
1752 type_qualifier
1753 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1754 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1755 ;
1756
1757type_qualifier:
1758 type_qualifier_name
1759 | attribute
1760 ;
1761
1762type_qualifier_name:
1763 CONST
1764 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1765 | RESTRICT
1766 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1767 | VOLATILE
1768 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1769 | ATOMIC
1770 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1771 | forall
1772 ;
1773
1774forall:
1775 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1776 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1777 ;
1778
1779declaration_qualifier_list:
1780 storage_class_list
1781 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1782 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1783 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1784 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1785 ;
1786
1787storage_class_list:
1788 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1789 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1790 //
1791 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1792 // specifiers in a declaration.
1793 storage_class
1794 | storage_class_list storage_class
1795 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1796 ;
1797
1798storage_class:
1799 EXTERN
1800 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1801 | STATIC
1802 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1803 | AUTO
1804 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1805 | REGISTER
1806 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1807 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1808 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1809 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1810 | INLINE // C99
1811 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1812 | FORTRAN // C99
1813 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1814 | NORETURN // C11
1815 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1816 ;
1817
1818basic_type_name:
1819 VOID
1820 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1821 | BOOL // C99
1822 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1823 | CHAR
1824 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1825 | INT
1826 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1827 | INT128
1828 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1829 | UINT128
1830 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 )->addType( DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ) ); }
1831 | FLOAT
1832 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1833 | DOUBLE
1834 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1835 | uuFLOAT80
1836 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1837 | uuFLOAT128
1838 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1839 | uFLOAT16
1840 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1841 | uFLOAT32
1842 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1843 | uFLOAT32X
1844 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1845 | uFLOAT64
1846 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1847 | uFLOAT64X
1848 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1849 | uFLOAT128
1850 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1851 | COMPLEX // C99
1852 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1853 | IMAGINARY // C99
1854 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1855 | SIGNED
1856 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1857 | UNSIGNED
1858 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1859 | SHORT
1860 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1861 | LONG
1862 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1863 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1864 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1865 | AUTO_TYPE
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::AutoType ); }
1867 ;
1868
1869basic_declaration_specifier:
1870 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1871 basic_type_specifier
1872 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1873 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1874 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1875 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1876 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1877 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1878 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1879 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1880 ;
1881
1882basic_type_specifier:
1883 direct_type
1884 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1885 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1886 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1887 ;
1888
1889direct_type:
1890 basic_type_name
1891 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1892 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1893 | direct_type type_qualifier
1894 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1895 | direct_type basic_type_name
1896 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1897 ;
1898
1899indirect_type:
1900 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1901 { $$ = $3; }
1902 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1903 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1904 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1905 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1906 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1907 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1908 | ZERO_T // CFA
1909 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1910 | ONE_T // CFA
1911 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1912 ;
1913
1914sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1915 sue_type_specifier
1916 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1917 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1918 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1919 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1920 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1921 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1922 ;
1923
1924sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1925 elaborated_type
1926 | type_qualifier_list
1927 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1928 elaborated_type
1929 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1930 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1931 {
1932 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1933 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1934 }
1935 ;
1936
1937sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1938 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1939 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1940 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1941 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1942 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1943 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1944 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1945 ;
1946
1947sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1948 elaborated_type_nobody
1949 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1950 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1951 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1952 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1953 ;
1954
1955type_declaration_specifier:
1956 type_type_specifier
1957 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1958 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1959 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1960 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1961 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1962 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1963 ;
1964
1965type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1966 type_name
1967 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1968 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1969 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1970 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1971 ;
1972
1973type_name:
1974 TYPEDEFname
1975 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1976 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1977 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
1978 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1979 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
1980 | typegen_name
1981 | '.' typegen_name
1982 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
1983 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1984 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
1985 ;
1986
1987typegen_name: // CFA
1988 TYPEGENname
1989 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1990 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1991 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1992 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1993 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1994 ;
1995
1996elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1997 aggregate_type
1998 | enum_type
1999 ;
2000
2001elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2002 aggregate_type_nobody
2003 | enum_type_nobody
2004 ;
2005
2006fred:
2007 // empty
2008 { yyy = false; }
2009 ;
2010
2011aggregate_type: // struct, union
2012 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2013 { forall = false; } // reset
2014 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2015 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2016 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier fred
2017 {
2018 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2019 forall = false; // reset
2020 }
2021 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2022 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2023 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2024 {
2025 // for type_name can be a qualified type name S.T, in which case only the last name in the chain needs a typedef (other names in the chain should already have one)
2026 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->leafName(), forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2027 forall = false; // reset
2028 }
2029 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2030 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2031 | aggregate_type_nobody
2032 ;
2033
2034type_parameters_opt:
2035 // empty
2036 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2037 | '(' type_list ')'
2038 { $$ = $2; }
2039 ;
2040
2041aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2042 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier fred
2043 {
2044 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2045 forall = false; // reset
2046 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2047 }
2048 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2049 {
2050 forall = false; // reset
2051 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2052 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2053 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2054 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2055 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2056 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2057 delete $3;
2058 }
2059 ;
2060
2061aggregate_key:
2062 aggregate_data
2063 | aggregate_control
2064 ;
2065
2066aggregate_data:
2067 STRUCT
2068 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2069 | UNION
2070 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Union; }
2071 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2072 // { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2073 { SemanticError( yylloc, "exception aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2074 ;
2075
2076aggregate_control: // CFA
2077 MONITOR
2078 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2079 | MUTEX STRUCT
2080 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2081 | GENERATOR
2082 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2083 | MUTEX GENERATOR
2084 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2085 | COROUTINE
2086 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2087 | MUTEX COROUTINE
2088 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2089 | THREAD
2090 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2091 | MUTEX THREAD
2092 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2093 ;
2094
2095field_declaration_list_opt:
2096 // empty
2097 { $$ = nullptr; }
2098 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2099 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2100 ;
2101
2102field_declaration:
2103 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2104 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2105 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2106 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2107 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2108 {
2109 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2110 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2111 } // if
2112 $3->inLine = true;
2113 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2114 distInl( $3 );
2115 }
2116 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2117 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2118 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2119 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2120 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2121 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2122 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2123 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2124 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2125 | static_assert // C11
2126 ;
2127
2128field_declaring_list_opt:
2129 // empty
2130 { $$ = nullptr; }
2131 | field_declarator
2132 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2133 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2134 ;
2135
2136field_declarator:
2137 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2138 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2139 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2140 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2141 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2142 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2143 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2144 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2145 ;
2146
2147field_abstract_list_opt:
2148 // empty
2149 { $$ = nullptr; }
2150 | field_abstract
2151 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2152 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2153 ;
2154
2155field_abstract:
2156 // no bit fields
2157 variable_abstract_declarator
2158 ;
2159
2160cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2161 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2162 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2163 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2164 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2165 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2166 ;
2167
2168cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2169 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2170 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2171 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2172 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2173 ;
2174
2175bit_subrange_size_opt:
2176 // empty
2177 { $$ = nullptr; }
2178 | bit_subrange_size
2179 ;
2180
2181bit_subrange_size:
2182 ':' assignment_expression
2183 { $$ = $2; }
2184 ;
2185
2186enum_type: // enum
2187 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2188 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2189 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2190 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2191 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2192 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2193 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2194 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2195 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2196 | enum_type_nobody
2197 ;
2198
2199enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2200 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2201 {
2202 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
2203 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2204 }
2205 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2206 {
2207 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
2208 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2209 }
2210 ;
2211
2212enumerator_list:
2213 identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2214 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2215 | enumerator_list ',' identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2216 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2217 ;
2218
2219enumerator_value_opt:
2220 // empty
2221 { $$ = nullptr; }
2222 | '=' constant_expression
2223 { $$ = $2; }
2224 ;
2225
2226cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2227 // empty
2228 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2229 | ELLIPSIS
2230 { $$ = nullptr; }
2231 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2232 | cfa_parameter_list
2233 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2234 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2235 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2236 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2237 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2238 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2239 ;
2240
2241cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2242 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2243 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2244 cfa_parameter_declaration
2245 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2246 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2247 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2248 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2249 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2250 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2251 ;
2252
2253cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2254 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2255 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2256 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2257 ;
2258
2259parameter_type_list_opt:
2260 // empty
2261 { $$ = nullptr; }
2262 | ELLIPSIS
2263 { $$ = nullptr; }
2264 | parameter_list
2265 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2266 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2267 ;
2268
2269parameter_list: // abstract + real
2270 abstract_parameter_declaration
2271 | parameter_declaration
2272 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2273 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2274 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2275 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2276 ;
2277
2278// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2279// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2280
2281cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2282 parameter_declaration
2283 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2284 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2285 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2286 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2287 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2288 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2289 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2290 | cfa_function_specifier
2291 ;
2292
2293cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2294 abstract_parameter_declaration
2295 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2296 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2297 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2298 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2299 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2300 | cfa_abstract_function
2301 ;
2302
2303parameter_declaration:
2304 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2305 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2306 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2307 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initializer_opt
2308 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2309 ;
2310
2311abstract_parameter_declaration:
2312 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initializer_opt
2313 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2314 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2315 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2316 ;
2317
2318// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2319// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2320// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2321
2322identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2323 identifier
2324 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2325 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2326 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2327 ;
2328
2329identifier_or_type_name:
2330 identifier
2331 | TYPEDEFname
2332 | TYPEGENname
2333 ;
2334
2335type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2336 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2337 | type_specifier
2338 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2339 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2340 ;
2341
2342type: // typeof, assertion
2343 type_no_function
2344 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2345 ;
2346
2347initializer_opt:
2348 // empty
2349 { $$ = nullptr; }
2350 | '=' initializer
2351 { $$ = $2; }
2352 | '=' VOID
2353 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2354 | ATassign initializer
2355 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2356 ;
2357
2358initializer:
2359 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2360 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2361 ;
2362
2363initializer_list_opt:
2364 // empty
2365 { $$ = nullptr; }
2366 | initializer
2367 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2368 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2369 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2370 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)($1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) )); }
2371 ;
2372
2373// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2374// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2375//
2376// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2377//
2378// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2379// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2380// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2381// shift/reduce conflicts
2382
2383designation:
2384 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2385 | identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2386 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2387 ;
2388
2389designator_list: // C99
2390 designator
2391 | designator_list designator
2392 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $2 )); }
2393 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2394 ;
2395
2396designator:
2397 '.' identifier // C99, field name
2398 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2399 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2400 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2401 { $$ = $3; }
2402 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2403 { $$ = $3; }
2404 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2405 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2406 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2407 { $$ = $4; }
2408 ;
2409
2410// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2411// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2412//
2413// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2414//
2415// Type declarations: "otype" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2416// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2417// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2418//
2419// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2420// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2421//
2422// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2423// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2424// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2425// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2426// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2427
2428type_parameter_list: // CFA
2429 type_parameter
2430 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2431 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2432 ;
2433
2434type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2435 // empty
2436 { $$ = nullptr; }
2437 | '=' type
2438 { $$ = $2; }
2439 ;
2440
2441type_parameter: // CFA
2442 type_class identifier_or_type_name
2443 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2444 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2445 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2446 | identifier_or_type_name new_type_class
2447 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2448 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2449 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $2, $1 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2450 | '[' identifier_or_type_name ']'
2451 {
2452 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" );
2453 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::ALtype, $2 );
2454 }
2455 // | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2456 | assertion_list
2457 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2458 ;
2459
2460new_type_class: // CFA
2461 // empty
2462 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2463 | '&'
2464 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2465 | '*'
2466 { $$ = TypeDecl::DStype; } // dtype + sized
2467 | ELLIPSIS
2468 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2469 ;
2470
2471type_class: // CFA
2472 OTYPE
2473 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2474 | DTYPE
2475 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2476 | FTYPE
2477 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2478 | TTYPE
2479 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2480 ;
2481
2482assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2483 // empty
2484 { $$ = nullptr; }
2485 | assertion_list
2486 ;
2487
2488assertion_list: // CFA
2489 assertion
2490 | assertion_list assertion
2491 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
2492 ;
2493
2494assertion: // CFA
2495 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2496 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2497 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2498 { $$ = $4; }
2499 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2500 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2501 ;
2502
2503type_list: // CFA
2504 type
2505 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2506 | assignment_expression
2507 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $1->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2508 | type_list ',' type
2509 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) )); }
2510 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2511 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $3->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2512 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2513 ;
2514
2515type_declaring_list: // CFA
2516 OTYPE type_declarator
2517 { $$ = $2; }
2518 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2519 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2520 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2521 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2522 ;
2523
2524type_declarator: // CFA
2525 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2526 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2527 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2528 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2529 ;
2530
2531type_declarator_name: // CFA
2532 identifier_or_type_name
2533 {
2534 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2535 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2536 }
2537 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2538 {
2539 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2540 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2541 }
2542 ;
2543
2544trait_specifier: // CFA
2545 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2546 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2547 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2548 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2549 ;
2550
2551trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2552 trait_declaration
2553 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2554 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2555 ;
2556
2557trait_declaration: // CFA
2558 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2559 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2560 ;
2561
2562cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2563 cfa_variable_specifier
2564 | cfa_function_specifier
2565 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2566 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2567 ;
2568
2569trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2570 type_specifier declarator
2571 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2572 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2573 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2574 ;
2575
2576//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2577
2578translation_unit:
2579 // empty, input file
2580 | external_definition_list
2581 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2582 ;
2583
2584external_definition_list:
2585 push external_definition pop
2586 { $$ = $2; }
2587 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2588 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2589 ;
2590
2591external_definition_list_opt:
2592 // empty
2593 { $$ = nullptr; }
2594 | external_definition_list
2595 ;
2596
2597up:
2598 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2599 ;
2600
2601down:
2602 { typedefTable.down(); }
2603 ;
2604
2605external_definition:
2606 declaration
2607 | external_function_definition
2608 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2609 {
2610 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2611 $$ = $2;
2612 }
2613 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2614 {
2615 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2616 }
2617 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2618 {
2619 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2620 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2621 }
2622 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2623 {
2624 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2625 linkageStack.pop();
2626 $$ = $6;
2627 }
2628 | type_qualifier_list
2629 {
2630 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2631 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2632 }
2633 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2634 {
2635 distQual( $5, $1 );
2636 forall = false;
2637 $$ = $5;
2638 }
2639 | declaration_qualifier_list
2640 {
2641 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2642 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2643 }
2644 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2645 {
2646 distQual( $5, $1 );
2647 forall = false;
2648 $$ = $5;
2649 }
2650 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2651 {
2652 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2653 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2654 }
2655 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2656 {
2657 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2658 forall = false;
2659 $$ = $6;
2660 }
2661 ;
2662
2663external_function_definition:
2664 function_definition
2665 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2666 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2667 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2668 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2669 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2670 | function_declarator compound_statement
2671 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2672 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2673 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2674 ;
2675
2676with_clause_opt:
2677 // empty
2678 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2679 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2680 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2681 ;
2682
2683function_definition:
2684 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2685 {
2686 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2687 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2688 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2689 $$ = $1;
2690 }
2691 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2692 {
2693 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2694 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2695 }
2696 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2697 {
2698 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2699 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2700 }
2701 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2702 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2703 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2704 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2705 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2706 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2707 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2708 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2709 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2710
2711 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2712 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2713 {
2714 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2715 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2716 }
2717 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2718 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2719 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2720 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2721 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2722 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2723 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2724 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2725 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2726 ;
2727
2728declarator:
2729 variable_declarator
2730 | variable_type_redeclarator
2731 | function_declarator
2732 ;
2733
2734subrange:
2735 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2736 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2737 ;
2738
2739asm_name_opt: // GCC
2740 // empty
2741 { $$ = nullptr; }
2742 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2743 {
2744 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2745 name->asmName = $3;
2746 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2747 }
2748 ;
2749
2750attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2751 // empty
2752 { $$ = nullptr; }
2753 | attribute_list
2754 ;
2755
2756attribute_list: // GCC
2757 attribute
2758 | attribute_list attribute
2759 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2760 ;
2761
2762attribute: // GCC
2763 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2764 { $$ = $4; }
2765 ;
2766
2767attribute_name_list: // GCC
2768 attribute_name
2769 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2770 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2771 ;
2772
2773attribute_name: // GCC
2774 // empty
2775 { $$ = nullptr; }
2776 | attr_name
2777 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2778 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
2779 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2780 ;
2781
2782attr_name: // GCC
2783 IDENTIFIER
2784 | quasi_keyword
2785 | TYPEDEFname
2786 | TYPEGENname
2787 | FALLTHROUGH
2788 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2789 | CONST
2790 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2791 ;
2792
2793// ============================================================================
2794// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2795// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2796// in:
2797//
2798// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2799// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2800//
2801// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2802// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2803// ============================================================================
2804
2805// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2806// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2807// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2808//
2809// valid declaration invalid definition
2810// ----------------- ------------------
2811// int f; int f {}
2812// int *f; int *f {}
2813// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2814// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2815//
2816// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2817// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2818// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2819
2820// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2821// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2822
2823variable_declarator:
2824 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2825 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2826 | variable_ptr
2827 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2828 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2829 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2830 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2831 ;
2832
2833paren_identifier:
2834 identifier
2835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2836 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2837 { $$ = $2; }
2838 ;
2839
2840variable_ptr:
2841 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2842 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2843 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2844 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2845 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2846 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2847 ;
2848
2849variable_array:
2850 paren_identifier array_dimension
2851 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2852 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2853 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2854 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2855 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2856 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2857 { $$ = $2; }
2858 ;
2859
2860variable_function:
2861 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2862 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2863 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2864 { $$ = $2; }
2865 ;
2866
2867// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2868// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2869// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2870
2871function_declarator:
2872 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2873 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2874 | function_ptr
2875 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2876 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2877 ;
2878
2879function_no_ptr:
2880 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2881 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2882 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2883 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2884 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2885 { $$ = $2; }
2886 ;
2887
2888function_ptr:
2889 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2890 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2891 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2892 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2893 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2894 { $$ = $2; }
2895 ;
2896
2897function_array:
2898 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2899 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2900 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2901 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2902 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2903 { $$ = $2; }
2904 ;
2905
2906// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2907//
2908// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2909//
2910// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2911// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2912
2913KR_function_declarator:
2914 KR_function_no_ptr
2915 | KR_function_ptr
2916 | KR_function_array
2917 ;
2918
2919KR_function_no_ptr:
2920 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2921 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2922 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2923 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2924 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2925 { $$ = $2; }
2926 ;
2927
2928KR_function_ptr:
2929 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2930 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2931 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2932 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2933 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2934 { $$ = $2; }
2935 ;
2936
2937KR_function_array:
2938 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2939 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2940 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2941 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2942 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2943 { $$ = $2; }
2944 ;
2945
2946// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2947//
2948// typedef int foo;
2949// {
2950// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2951// }
2952//
2953// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2954// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2955
2956variable_type_redeclarator:
2957 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2958 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2959 | type_ptr
2960 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2961 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2962 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2963 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2964 ;
2965
2966paren_type:
2967 typedef
2968 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2969 {
2970 // if ( ! typedefTable.existsCurr( *$1->name ) ) {
2971 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
2972 // } else {
2973 // SemanticError( yylloc, string("'") + *$1->name + "' redeclared as different kind of symbol." ); $$ = nullptr;
2974 // } // if
2975 }
2976 | '(' paren_type ')'
2977 { $$ = $2; }
2978 ;
2979
2980type_ptr:
2981 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2982 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2983 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2984 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2985 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2986 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2987 ;
2988
2989type_array:
2990 paren_type array_dimension
2991 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2992 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2993 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2994 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2995 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2996 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2997 { $$ = $2; }
2998 ;
2999
3000type_function:
3001 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3002 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3003 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3004 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3005 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3006 { $$ = $2; }
3007 ;
3008
3009// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
3010// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
3011// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3012// pointers to arrays and functions.
3013
3014identifier_parameter_declarator:
3015 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3016 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3017 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3018 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3019 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3020 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3021 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3022 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3023 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3024 ;
3025
3026identifier_parameter_ptr:
3027 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3028 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3029 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3030 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3031 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3032 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3033 ;
3034
3035identifier_parameter_array:
3036 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3037 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3038 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3039 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3040 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3041 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3042 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3043 { $$ = $2; }
3044 ;
3045
3046identifier_parameter_function:
3047 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3048 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3049 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3050 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3051 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3052 { $$ = $2; }
3053 ;
3054
3055// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3056// e.g.:
3057//
3058// typedef int foo;
3059// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3060// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3061//
3062// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3063
3064type_parameter_redeclarator:
3065 typedef attribute_list_opt
3066 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3067 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
3068 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3069 | type_parameter_ptr
3070 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3071 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3072 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3073 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3074 ;
3075
3076typedef:
3077 TYPEDEFname
3078 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3079 | TYPEGENname
3080 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3081 ;
3082
3083type_parameter_ptr:
3084 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3085 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3086 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3087 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3088 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3089 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3090 ;
3091
3092type_parameter_array:
3093 typedef array_parameter_dimension
3094 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3095 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3096 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3097 ;
3098
3099type_parameter_function:
3100 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3101 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3102 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3103 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3104 ;
3105
3106// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3107// which the type applies, e.g.:
3108//
3109// sizeof( int );
3110// sizeof( int * );
3111// sizeof( int [10] );
3112// sizeof( int (*)() );
3113// sizeof( int () );
3114//
3115// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3116// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3117
3118abstract_declarator:
3119 abstract_ptr
3120 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3121 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3122 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3123 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3124 ;
3125
3126abstract_ptr:
3127 ptrref_operator
3128 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3129 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3130 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3131 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3132 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3133 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3134 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3135 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3136 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3137 ;
3138
3139abstract_array:
3140 array_dimension
3141 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3142 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3143 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3144 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3145 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3146 { $$ = $2; }
3147 ;
3148
3149abstract_function:
3150 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3151 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3152 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3153 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3154 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3155 { $$ = $2; }
3156 ;
3157
3158array_dimension:
3159 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3160 '[' ']'
3161 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3162 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3163 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3164 | multi_array_dimension
3165 ;
3166
3167multi_array_dimension:
3168 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3169 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3170 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3171 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3172 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3173 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3174 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3175 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3176 ;
3177
3178// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3179// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3180//
3181// int f( int ); // not handled here
3182// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3183// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3184// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3185//
3186// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3187// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3188// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3189//
3190// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3191// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3192// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3193//
3194// For example:
3195//
3196// typedef float T;
3197// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3198// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3199// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3200// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3201//
3202// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3203// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3204// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3205// functions.
3206
3207abstract_parameter_declarator:
3208 abstract_parameter_ptr
3209 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3210 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3211 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3212 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3213 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3214 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3215 ;
3216
3217abstract_parameter_ptr:
3218 ptrref_operator
3219 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3220 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3221 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3222 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3223 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3224 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3225 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3226 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3227 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3228 ;
3229
3230abstract_parameter_array:
3231 array_parameter_dimension
3232 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3233 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3234 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3235 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3236 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3237 { $$ = $2; }
3238 ;
3239
3240abstract_parameter_function:
3241 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3242 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3243 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3244 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3245 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3246 { $$ = $2; }
3247 ;
3248
3249array_parameter_dimension:
3250 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3251 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3252 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3253 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3254 | multi_array_dimension
3255 ;
3256
3257// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3258//
3259// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3260// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3261
3262array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3263 '[' ']'
3264 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3265 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3266 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3267 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3268 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3269 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3270 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3271 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3272 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3273 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3274 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3275 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3276 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3277 ;
3278
3279// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3280//
3281// struct S {
3282// int;
3283// int *;
3284// int [10];
3285// int (*)();
3286// };
3287
3288variable_abstract_declarator:
3289 variable_abstract_ptr
3290 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3291 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3292 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3293 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3294 ;
3295
3296variable_abstract_ptr:
3297 ptrref_operator
3298 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3299 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3300 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3301 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3302 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3303 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3304 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3305 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3306 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3307 ;
3308
3309variable_abstract_array:
3310 array_dimension
3311 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3312 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3313 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3314 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3315 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3316 { $$ = $2; }
3317 ;
3318
3319variable_abstract_function:
3320 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3321 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3322 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3323 { $$ = $2; }
3324 ;
3325
3326// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3327// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3328
3329cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3330 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3331 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3332 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3333 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3334 ;
3335
3336cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3337 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3338 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3339 ;
3340
3341cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3342 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3343 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3344 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3345 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3346 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3347 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3348 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3349 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3350 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3351 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3352 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3353 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3354 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3355 ;
3356
3357cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3358 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3359 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3360 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3361 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3362 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3363 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3364 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3365 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3366 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3367 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3368 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3369 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3370
3371 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3372 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3373 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3374 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3375 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3376 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3377 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3378 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3379 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3380 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3381 ;
3382
3383cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3384 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3385 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3386 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3387 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3388 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3389 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3390 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3391 // appear in this context.
3392 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3393 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3394 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3395 ;
3396
3397// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3398// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3399//
3400// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3401// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3402//
3403// These rules need LR(3):
3404//
3405// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3406// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3407//
3408// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3409//
3410// [int, int] t;
3411// [int, int] f( int );
3412//
3413// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3414// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3415// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3416// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3417
3418cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3419 cfa_abstract_tuple
3420 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3421 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3422 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3423 ;
3424
3425cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3426 cfa_abstract_ptr
3427 | cfa_abstract_array
3428 ;
3429
3430cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3431 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3432 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3433 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3434 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3435 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3436 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3437 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3438 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3439 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3440 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3441 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3442 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3443 ;
3444
3445cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3446 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3447 // empty (void) function return type.
3448 '[' ']' type_specifier
3449 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3450 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3451 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3452 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3453 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3454 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3455 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3456 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3457 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3458 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3459 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3460 ;
3461
3462cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3463 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3464 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3465 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3466 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3467 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3468 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3469 ;
3470
3471cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3472// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3473// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3474 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3475 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3476 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3477 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3478 ;
3479
3480// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3481// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3482//
3483// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3484// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3485//
3486// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3487// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3488//
3489// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3490// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3491
3492//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3493
3494comma_opt: // redundant comma
3495 // empty
3496 | ','
3497 ;
3498
3499default_initializer_opt:
3500 // empty
3501 { $$ = nullptr; }
3502 | '=' assignment_expression
3503 { $$ = $2; }
3504 ;
3505
3506%%
3507
3508// ----end of grammar----
3509
3510// Local Variables: //
3511// mode: c++ //
3512// tab-width: 4 //
3513// compile-command: "make install" //
3514// End: //
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