source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 5ee7d36

ADT arm-eh ast-experimental enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since 5ee7d36 was 4a063df, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 6 years ago

formatting, change waitfor to support a list of functions, separated by a colon, from a list of monitors

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 135.8 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Fri Jan 17 14:54:55 2020
13// Update Count : 4426
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
54#include "ParseNode.h"
55#include "TypedefTable.h"
56#include "TypeData.h"
57#include "SynTree/LinkageSpec.h"
58#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
59#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
60
61extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
62extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
63extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
64
65stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
66
67bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
68 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
69 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
70 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
71 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
72 //
73 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
74 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
75 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
76
77 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
79 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
80 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
81 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
82 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
83 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
84 } // if
85 } else {
86 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
87 to = "u8" + to;
88 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
89 } else {
90 to = from[0] + to;
91 } // if
92 } // if
93 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
94 } // if
95 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
96 return true;
97} // appendStr
98
99DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
100 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
101 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106 return declList;
107} // distAttr
108
109void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
110 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
111 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
112 iter->set_extension( true );
113 } // for
114} // distExt
115
116void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
117 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
118 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
119 iter->set_inLine( true );
120 } // for
121} // distInl
122
123void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
124 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
125 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
126 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
127 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
128 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
129 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
130 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
131 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
132 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
133 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
134 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
135 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
136 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
137 DeclarationNode newnode;
138 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
139 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
140 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
141 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
142 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
143 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
144 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
145 } // if
146 } else { // just SC qualifiers
147 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
148 } // if
149 } // for
150 delete qualifiers;
151} // distQual
152
153// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
154// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
155// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
156// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
157// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
158// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
159// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
160
161void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
162 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
163 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
164 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
165 } // if
166} // rebindForall
167
168NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
169 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
170 delete name;
171 return new_name;
172} // build_postfix_name
173
174DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
175 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
176 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
177 stringstream ss;
178 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
179 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
180 return nullptr;
181 } // if
182 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
183 } // if
184 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
185} // fieldDecl
186
187ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
188 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
189 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
190 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
191 } // if
192 return new ForCtrl(
193 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
194 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
195 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
196 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
197 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
198} // forCtrl
199
200ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
201 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
202 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
203 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
204 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
205 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
206 } else {
207 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); return nullptr;
208 } // if
209 } else {
210 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); return nullptr;
211 } // if
212} // forCtrl
213
214bool forall = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
215
216// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
217#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
218if ( N ) { \
219 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
220 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
221 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
222 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
223 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
224} else { \
225 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
226 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
227 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
228}
229%}
230
231%define parse.error verbose
232
233// Types declaration for productions
234%union {
235 Token tok;
236 ParseNode * pn;
237 ExpressionNode * en;
238 DeclarationNode * decl;
239 AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
240 TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
241 StatementNode * sn;
242 WaitForStmt * wfs;
243 Expression * constant;
244 IfCtrl * ifctl;
245 ForCtrl * fctl;
246 enum OperKinds compop;
247 LabelNode * label;
248 InitializerNode * in;
249 OperKinds op;
250 std::string * str;
251 bool flag;
252 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
253 GenericExpr * genexpr;
254}
255
256//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
257
258// keywords
259%token TYPEDEF
260%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
261%token THREADLOCAL // C11
262%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
263%token NORETURN // C11
264%token CONST VOLATILE
265%token RESTRICT // C99
266%token ATOMIC // C11
267%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL COERCE // CFA
268%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
269%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
270%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
271%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
272%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
273%token VALIST // GCC
274%token AUTO_TYPE // GCC
275%token TYPEOF BASETYPEOF LABEL // GCC
276%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
277%token EXCEPTION // CFA
278%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
279%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
280%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
281// %token SUSPEND RESUME // CFA
282%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
283%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
284%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
285%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
286%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
287
288// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
289%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
290%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
291%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
292%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
293// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
294// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
295// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
296%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
297
298// multi-character operators
299%token ARROW // ->
300%token ICR DECR // ++ --
301%token LS RS // << >>
302%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
303%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
304%token ELLIPSIS // ...
305
306%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
307%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
308%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
309%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
310
311%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
312%token ATassign // @=
313
314%type<tok> identifier
315%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name attr_name
316%type<tok> quasi_keyword
317%type<constant> string_literal
318%type<str> string_literal_list
319
320// expressions
321%type<en> constant
322%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
323%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
324%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
325%type<en> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
326%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
327%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
328%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
329%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
330%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
331%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
332%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
333%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
334%type<compop> inclexcl
335%type<en> subrange
336%type<decl> asm_name_opt
337%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
338%type<label> label_list
339%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
340%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
341%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
342%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
343
344// statements
345%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
346%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
347%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
348%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
349%type<en> case_value
350%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
351%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
352%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
353%type<sn> with_statement
354%type<en> with_clause_opt
355%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
356%type<catch_kind> handler_key
357%type<sn> mutex_statement
358%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
359%type<sn> waitfor_statement
360%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
361
362// declarations
363%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
364%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
365%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
366
367%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
368%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
369
370%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
371
372%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
373
374%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
375
376%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
377
378%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
379%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
380
381%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
382
383%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
384%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
385
386%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
387
388%type<decl> exception_declaration
389
390%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
391%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
392
393%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
394
395%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
396%type<decl> identifier_list
397
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
399%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
400%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
401
402%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
403
404%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
405%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
406
407%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
408%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
409
410%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
411
412%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
413
414%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
415%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
416%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
419
420%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
421
422%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
423
424%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
425
426%type<tclass> type_class
427%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
428
429%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
430%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
431
432%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
433
434%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
435
436%type<decl> type type_no_function
437%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
438
439%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
440
441%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
442%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
443
444%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
445%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
446
447%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
448
449// initializers
450%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
451
452// designators
453%type<en> designator designator_list designation
454
455
456// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
457// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
458// if ( C ) S1 else S2
459// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
460// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
461
462// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
463// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
464%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
465%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
468
469// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
470// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
471// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
472// Foo ( *fp )( int );
473// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
474// must be:
475// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
476// The same problem occurs here:
477// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
478// must be:
479// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
480
481// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
482%precedence TYPEGENname
483%precedence '}'
484%precedence '('
485
486// %precedence RESUME
487// %precedence '{'
488// %precedence ')'
489
490%locations // support location tracking for error messages
491
492%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
493
494%%
495//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
496
497// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
498// which are lexically identical.
499//
500// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
501// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
502//
503// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
504// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
505// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
506// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
507// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
508//
509// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
510// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
511// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
512// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
513// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
514// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
515// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
516//
517// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
518// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
519// around the list separator.
520//
521// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
522// push pop push pop
523
524push:
525 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
526 ;
527
528pop:
529 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
530 ;
531
532//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
533
534constant:
535 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
536 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
537 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
538 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
539 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
540 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
541 ;
542
543quasi_keyword: // CFA
544 TIMEOUT
545 | WOR
546 ;
547
548identifier:
549 IDENTIFIER
550 | quasi_keyword
551 | '@' // CFA
552 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
553 ;
554
555string_literal:
556 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
557 ;
558
559string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
560 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
561 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
562 {
563 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
564 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
565 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
566 }
567 ;
568
569//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
570
571primary_expression:
572 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
573 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
574 | quasi_keyword
575 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
576 | tuple
577 | '(' comma_expression ')'
578 { $$ = $2; }
579 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
580 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
581 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
582 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
583 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
584 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
585 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
586 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
587 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
588 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
589 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
590 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
591 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
592 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
593 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
594 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
595 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
596 {
597 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
598 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
599 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
600 }
601 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
602 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
603 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
604 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
605 ;
606
607generic_assoc_list: // C11
608 generic_association
609 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
610 {
611 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
612 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
613 delete $3;
614 $$ = $1;
615 }
616 ;
617
618generic_association: // C11
619 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
620 {
621 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
622 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
623 }
624 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
625 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
626 ;
627
628postfix_expression:
629 primary_expression
630 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
631 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
632 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
633 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
634 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
635 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
636 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
637 {
638 Token fn;
639 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
640 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
641 }
642 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
643 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
644 | postfix_expression '.' identifier
645 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
646 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
647 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
648 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
649 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
650 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
651 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
652 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
653 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $3, $1 ) ); }
654 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
655 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
656 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
658 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
659 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
660 | postfix_expression ICR
661 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
662 | postfix_expression DECR
663 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
664 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
665 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
666 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
667 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
668 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
669 {
670 Token fn;
671 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
672 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
673 }
674 ;
675
676argument_expression_list:
677 // empty
678 { $$ = nullptr; }
679 | argument_expression
680 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
681 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
682 ;
683
684argument_expression:
685 '@' // CFA, default parameter
686 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
687 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
688 | assignment_expression
689 ;
690
691field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
692 field
693 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
694 ;
695
696field: // CFA, tuple field selector
697 field_name
698 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
699 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
700 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
701 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
702 | field_name '.' field
703 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
704 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
705 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
706 | field_name ARROW field
707 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
708 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
709 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
710 ;
711
712field_name:
713 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
714 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
715 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
716 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
717 | identifier fraction_constants_opt
718 {
719 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
720 }
721 ;
722
723fraction_constants_opt:
724 // empty
725 { $$ = nullptr; }
726 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
727 {
728 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
729 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
730 }
731 ;
732
733unary_expression:
734 postfix_expression
735 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
736 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
737 | constant
738 | string_literal
739 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
740 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
741 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
742 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
743 // { * X; } // dereference X
744 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
745 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
746 {
747 switch ( $1 ) {
748 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
749 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
750 break;
751 case OperKinds::PointTo:
752 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
753 break;
754 case OperKinds::And:
755 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
756 break;
757 default:
758 assert( false );
759 }
760 }
761 | unary_operator cast_expression
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
763 | ICR unary_expression
764 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
765 | DECR unary_expression
766 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
767 | SIZEOF unary_expression
768 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
769 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
770 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
771 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
772 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
773 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
774 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
775 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
776 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
777 ;
778
779ptrref_operator:
780 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
781 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
782 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
783 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
784 ;
785
786unary_operator:
787 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
788 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
789 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
790 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
791 ;
792
793cast_expression:
794 unary_expression
795 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
796 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
797 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
798 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
799 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
800 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
801 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
802 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
803 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
804 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
805 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
806 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
807 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
808 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
809 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
810// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
811// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
812 ;
813
814qualifier_cast_list:
815 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
816 | cast_modifier MUTEX
817 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
818 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
819 ;
820
821cast_modifier:
822 '-'
823 | '+'
824 ;
825
826exponential_expression:
827 cast_expression
828 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
829 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
830 ;
831
832multiplicative_expression:
833 exponential_expression
834 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
835 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
836 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
837 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
838 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
839 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
840 ;
841
842additive_expression:
843 multiplicative_expression
844 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
845 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
846 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
847 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
848 ;
849
850shift_expression:
851 additive_expression
852 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
853 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
854 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
855 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
856 ;
857
858relational_expression:
859 shift_expression
860 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
861 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
862 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
863 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
864 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
865 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
866 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
867 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
868 ;
869
870equality_expression:
871 relational_expression
872 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
873 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
874 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
875 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
876 ;
877
878AND_expression:
879 equality_expression
880 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
881 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
882 ;
883
884exclusive_OR_expression:
885 AND_expression
886 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
887 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
888 ;
889
890inclusive_OR_expression:
891 exclusive_OR_expression
892 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
893 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
894 ;
895
896logical_AND_expression:
897 inclusive_OR_expression
898 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
899 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
900 ;
901
902logical_OR_expression:
903 logical_AND_expression
904 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
905 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
906 ;
907
908conditional_expression:
909 logical_OR_expression
910 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
911 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
912 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
913 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
914 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
915 ;
916
917constant_expression:
918 conditional_expression
919 ;
920
921assignment_expression:
922 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
923 conditional_expression
924 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
925 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
926 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
927 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
928 ;
929
930assignment_expression_opt:
931 // empty
932 { $$ = nullptr; }
933 | assignment_expression
934 ;
935
936assignment_operator:
937 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
938 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
939 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
940 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
941 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
942 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
943 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
944 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
945 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
946 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
947 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
948 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
949 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
950 ;
951
952tuple: // CFA, tuple
953 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
954 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
955// '[' ']'
956// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
957// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
958// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
959 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
960 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
961 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
962 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $6 ) ) )); }
963 ;
964
965tuple_expression_list:
966 assignment_expression_opt
967 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
968 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
969 ;
970
971comma_expression:
972 assignment_expression
973 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
974 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
975 ;
976
977comma_expression_opt:
978 // empty
979 { $$ = nullptr; }
980 | comma_expression
981 ;
982
983//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
984
985statement:
986 labeled_statement
987 | compound_statement
988 | expression_statement
989 | selection_statement
990 | iteration_statement
991 | jump_statement
992 | with_statement
993 | mutex_statement
994 | waitfor_statement
995 | exception_statement
996 | enable_disable_statement
997 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
998 | asm_statement
999 | DIRECTIVE
1000 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
1001 ;
1002
1003labeled_statement:
1004 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1005 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1006 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1007 ;
1008
1009compound_statement:
1010 '{' '}'
1011 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1012 | '{' push
1013 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
1014 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1015 pop '}'
1016 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1017 ;
1018
1019statement_decl_list: // C99
1020 statement_decl
1021 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1022 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1023 ;
1024
1025statement_decl:
1026 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1027 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1028 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1029 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1030 | function_definition
1031 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1032 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1033 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1034 | statement
1035 ;
1036
1037statement_list_nodecl:
1038 statement
1039 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1040 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1041 ;
1042
1043expression_statement:
1044 comma_expression_opt ';'
1045 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1046 ;
1047
1048selection_statement:
1049 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1050 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1051 push if_statement pop
1052 { $$ = $2; }
1053 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1054 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1055 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1056 {
1057 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1058 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1059 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1060 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1061 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1062 // statement.
1063 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1064 }
1065 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1066 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1067 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1068 {
1069 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1070 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1071 }
1072 ;
1073
1074if_statement:
1075 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1076 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1077 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
1078 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1079 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
1080 ;
1081
1082if_control_expression:
1083 comma_expression
1084 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1085 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1086 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1087 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1088 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1089 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1090 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1091 ;
1092
1093// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1094// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1095
1096case_value: // CFA
1097 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1098 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1099 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1100 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1101 ;
1102
1103case_value_list: // CFA
1104 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1105 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1106 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1107 ;
1108
1109case_label: // CFA
1110 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1111 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1112 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1113 ;
1114
1115//label_list_opt:
1116// // empty
1117// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1118// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1119// ;
1120
1121case_label_list: // CFA
1122 case_label
1123 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1124 ;
1125
1126case_clause: // CFA
1127 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1128 ;
1129
1130switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1131 // empty
1132 { $$ = nullptr; }
1133 | switch_clause_list
1134 ;
1135
1136switch_clause_list: // CFA
1137 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1138 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1139 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1140 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1141 ;
1142
1143iteration_statement:
1144 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1145 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, $6 ) ); }
1146 | WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1147 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), $4 ) ); }
1148 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1149 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
1150 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1151 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), $2 ) ); }
1152 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression_list ')' statement pop
1153 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1154 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1155 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), $4 ) ); }
1156 ;
1157
1158for_control_expression_list:
1159 for_control_expression
1160 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1161 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1162 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1163 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1164 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1165 {
1166 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1167 if ( $1->condition ) {
1168 if ( $3->condition ) {
1169 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1170 } // if
1171 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1172 if ( $1->change ) {
1173 if ( $3->change ) {
1174 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1175 } // if
1176 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1177 $$ = $1;
1178 }
1179 ;
1180
1181for_control_expression:
1182 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1183 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1184 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1185 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1186 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1187 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1188
1189 | comma_expression // CFA
1190 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1191 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1192 | '=' comma_expression // CFA
1193 { $$ = forCtrl( $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1194 OperKinds::LEThan, $2->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1195 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1196 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1197 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1198 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1199 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1200 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1201 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1202 | comma_expression ';' '=' comma_expression // CFA
1203 { $$ = forCtrl( $4, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1204 OperKinds::LEThan, $4->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1205 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1206 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1207 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1208 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1209
1210 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1211 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1212 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1213 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1214 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1215 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1216 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1217 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1218 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1219 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1220 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1221 ;
1222
1223inclexcl:
1224 '~'
1225 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1226 | ErangeUpEq
1227 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1228 | ErangeDown
1229 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1230 | ErangeDownEq
1231 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1232 ;
1233
1234jump_statement:
1235 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1236 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1237 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1238 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1239 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1240 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1241 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1242 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1243 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1244 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1245 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1246 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1247 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1248 | CONTINUE ';'
1249 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1250 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1251 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1252 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1253 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1254 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1255 | BREAK ';'
1256 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1257 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1258 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1259 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1260 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1261 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1262 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1263 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1264 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1265 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1266 // | SUSPEND ';'
1267 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Suspend expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1268 // | SUSPEND compound_statement ';'
1269 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Suspend expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1270 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1271 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1272 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1273 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1274 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1275 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1276 ;
1277
1278fall_through_name: // CFA
1279 FALLTHRU
1280 | FALLTHROUGH
1281 ;
1282
1283with_statement:
1284 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1285 {
1286 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1287 }
1288 ;
1289
1290// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1291mutex_statement:
1292 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1293 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1294 ;
1295
1296when_clause:
1297 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1298 ;
1299
1300when_clause_opt:
1301 // empty
1302 { $$ = nullptr; }
1303 | when_clause
1304 ;
1305
1306waitfor:
1307 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1308 { $$ = $3; }
1309// | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1310// { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1311 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list ')'
1312 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 )); }
1313 ;
1314
1315cast_expression_list:
1316 cast_expression
1317 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1318 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1319 ;
1320
1321timeout:
1322 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1323 ;
1324
1325waitfor_clause:
1326 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1327 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1328 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1329 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1330 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1331 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1332 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1333 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1334 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1335 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1336 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1337 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1338 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1339 ;
1340
1341waitfor_statement:
1342 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1343 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1344 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1345 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1346 ;
1347
1348exception_statement:
1349 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1350 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1351 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1352 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1353 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1354 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1355 ;
1356
1357handler_clause:
1358 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1359 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1360 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1361 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1362 ;
1363
1364handler_predicate_opt:
1365 // empty
1366 { $$ = nullptr; }
1367 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1368 ;
1369
1370handler_key:
1371 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1372 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1373 ;
1374
1375finally_clause:
1376 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1377 ;
1378
1379exception_declaration:
1380 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1381 type_specifier_nobody
1382 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1383 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1384 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1385 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1386 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1387 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1388 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1389 ;
1390
1391enable_disable_statement:
1392 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1393 ;
1394
1395enable_disable_key:
1396 ENABLE
1397 | DISABLE
1398 ;
1399
1400asm_statement:
1401 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1402 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1403 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1404 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1405 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1406 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1407 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1408 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1409 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1410 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1411 ;
1412
1413asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1414 // empty
1415 { $$ = false; }
1416 | VOLATILE
1417 { $$ = true; }
1418 ;
1419
1420asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1421 // empty
1422 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1423 | asm_operands_list
1424 ;
1425
1426asm_operands_list: // GCC
1427 asm_operand
1428 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1429 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1430 ;
1431
1432asm_operand: // GCC
1433 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1434 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( nullptr, $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1435 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1436 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( $2, $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1437 ;
1438
1439asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1440 // empty
1441 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1442 | string_literal
1443 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1444 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1445 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) )); }
1446 ;
1447
1448label_list:
1449 identifier
1450 {
1451 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1452 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1453 }
1454 | label_list ',' identifier
1455 {
1456 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1457 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1458 }
1459 ;
1460
1461//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1462
1463declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1464 // empty
1465 { $$ = nullptr; }
1466 | declaration_list
1467 ;
1468
1469declaration_list:
1470 declaration
1471 | declaration_list declaration
1472 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1473 ;
1474
1475KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1476 // empty
1477 { $$ = nullptr; }
1478 | KR_parameter_list
1479 ;
1480
1481KR_parameter_list:
1482 push c_declaration pop ';'
1483 { $$ = $2; }
1484 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1485 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1486 ;
1487
1488local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1489 // empty
1490 | local_label_declaration_list
1491 ;
1492
1493local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1494 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1495 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1496 ;
1497
1498local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1499 identifier_or_type_name
1500 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1501 ;
1502
1503declaration: // old & new style declarations
1504 c_declaration ';'
1505 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1506 | static_assert // C11
1507 ;
1508
1509static_assert:
1510 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1511 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1512 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1513 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1514
1515// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1516// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1517// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1518// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1519// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1520// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1521//
1522// CFA C
1523// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1524// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1525
1526cfa_declaration: // CFA
1527 cfa_variable_declaration
1528 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1529 | cfa_function_declaration
1530 | type_declaring_list
1531 | trait_specifier
1532 ;
1533
1534cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1535 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1536 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1537 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1538 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1539 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1540 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1541 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1542 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1543 ;
1544
1545cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1546 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1547 // storage-class
1548 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1549 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1550 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1551 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1552 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1553 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1554 ;
1555
1556cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1557 cfa_function_specifier
1558 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1559 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1560 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1561 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1562 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1563 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1564 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1565 {
1566 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1567 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1568 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1569 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1570 }
1571 ;
1572
1573cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1574// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1575// {
1576// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1577// }
1578// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1579// {
1580// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1581// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1582// }
1583// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1584// {
1585// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1586// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1587// }
1588// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1589 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1590 //
1591 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1592 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1593 //
1594 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1595 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1596 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1597 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1598 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1599 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1600 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1601 ;
1602
1603cfa_function_return: // CFA
1604 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1605 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1606 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1607 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1608 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1609 ;
1610
1611cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1612 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1613 {
1614 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1615 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1616 }
1617 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1618 {
1619 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1620 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1621 }
1622 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push identifier
1623 {
1624 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1625 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1626 }
1627 ;
1628
1629// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1630// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1631
1632typedef_declaration:
1633 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1634 {
1635 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1636 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1637 }
1638 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1639 {
1640 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1641 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1642 }
1643 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1644 {
1645 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1646 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1647 }
1648 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1649 {
1650 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1651 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1652 }
1653 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1654 {
1655 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1656 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1657 }
1658 ;
1659
1660typedef_expression:
1661 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1662 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
1663 {
1664 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1665 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1666 }
1667 | typedef_expression pop ',' push identifier '=' assignment_expression
1668 {
1669 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1670 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1671 }
1672 ;
1673
1674//c_declaration:
1675// declaring_list pop ';'
1676// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1677// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1678// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1679// ;
1680//
1681//declaring_list:
1682// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1683// // storage-class
1684// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1685// {
1686// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1687// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1688// }
1689// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1690// {
1691// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1692// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1693// }
1694// ;
1695
1696c_declaration:
1697 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1698 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1699 | typedef_declaration
1700 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1701 | sue_declaration_specifier
1702 ;
1703
1704declaring_list:
1705 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1706 // storage-class
1707 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1708 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1709 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1710 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1711 ;
1712
1713declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1714 basic_declaration_specifier
1715 | sue_declaration_specifier
1716 | type_declaration_specifier
1717 ;
1718
1719declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1720 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1721 //
1722 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1723 //
1724 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1725 basic_declaration_specifier
1726 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1727 | type_declaration_specifier
1728 ;
1729
1730type_specifier: // type specifier
1731 basic_type_specifier
1732 | sue_type_specifier
1733 | type_type_specifier
1734 ;
1735
1736type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1737 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1738 //
1739 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1740 //
1741 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1742 basic_type_specifier
1743 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1744 | type_type_specifier
1745 ;
1746
1747type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1748 // empty
1749 { $$ = nullptr; }
1750 | type_qualifier_list
1751 ;
1752
1753type_qualifier_list:
1754 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1755 //
1756 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1757 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1758 // appeared only once.
1759 type_qualifier
1760 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1761 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1762 ;
1763
1764type_qualifier:
1765 type_qualifier_name
1766 | attribute
1767 ;
1768
1769type_qualifier_name:
1770 CONST
1771 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1772 | RESTRICT
1773 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1774 | VOLATILE
1775 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1776 | ATOMIC
1777 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1778 | forall
1779 ;
1780
1781forall:
1782 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1783 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1784 ;
1785
1786declaration_qualifier_list:
1787 storage_class_list
1788 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1789 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1790 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1791 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1792 ;
1793
1794storage_class_list:
1795 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1796 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1797 //
1798 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1799 // specifiers in a declaration.
1800 storage_class
1801 | storage_class_list storage_class
1802 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1803 ;
1804
1805storage_class:
1806 EXTERN
1807 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1808 | STATIC
1809 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1810 | AUTO
1811 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1812 | REGISTER
1813 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1814 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1815 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1816 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1817 | INLINE // C99
1818 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1819 | FORTRAN // C99
1820 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1821 | NORETURN // C11
1822 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1823 ;
1824
1825basic_type_name:
1826 VOID
1827 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1828 | BOOL // C99
1829 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1830 | CHAR
1831 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1832 | INT
1833 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1834 | INT128
1835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1836 | UINT128
1837 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 )->addType( DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ) ); }
1838 | FLOAT
1839 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1840 | DOUBLE
1841 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1842 | uuFLOAT80
1843 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1844 | uuFLOAT128
1845 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1846 | uFLOAT16
1847 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1848 | uFLOAT32
1849 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1850 | uFLOAT32X
1851 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1852 | uFLOAT64
1853 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1854 | uFLOAT64X
1855 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1856 | uFLOAT128
1857 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1858 | COMPLEX // C99
1859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1860 | IMAGINARY // C99
1861 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1862 | SIGNED
1863 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1864 | UNSIGNED
1865 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1866 | SHORT
1867 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1868 | LONG
1869 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1870 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1871 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1872 | AUTO_TYPE
1873 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::AutoType ); }
1874 ;
1875
1876basic_declaration_specifier:
1877 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1878 basic_type_specifier
1879 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1880 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1881 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1882 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1883 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1884 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1885 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1886 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1887 ;
1888
1889basic_type_specifier:
1890 direct_type
1891 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1892 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1893 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1894 ;
1895
1896direct_type:
1897 basic_type_name
1898 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1899 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1900 | direct_type type_qualifier
1901 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1902 | direct_type basic_type_name
1903 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1904 ;
1905
1906indirect_type:
1907 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1908 { $$ = $3; }
1909 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1910 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1911 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1912 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1913 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1914 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1915 | ZERO_T // CFA
1916 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1917 | ONE_T // CFA
1918 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1919 ;
1920
1921sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1922 sue_type_specifier
1923 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1924 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1925 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1926 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1927 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1928 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1929 ;
1930
1931sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1932 elaborated_type
1933 | type_qualifier_list
1934 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1935 elaborated_type
1936 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1937 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1938 {
1939 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1940 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1941 }
1942 ;
1943
1944sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1945 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1946 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1947 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1948 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1949 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1950 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1951 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1952 ;
1953
1954sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1955 elaborated_type_nobody
1956 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1957 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1958 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1959 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1960 ;
1961
1962type_declaration_specifier:
1963 type_type_specifier
1964 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1965 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1966 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1967 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1968 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1969 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1970 ;
1971
1972type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1973 type_name
1974 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1975 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1976 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1977 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1978 ;
1979
1980type_name:
1981 TYPEDEFname
1982 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1983 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1984 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
1985 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1986 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
1987 | typegen_name
1988 | '.' typegen_name
1989 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
1990 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1991 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
1992 ;
1993
1994typegen_name: // CFA
1995 TYPEGENname
1996 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1997 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1998 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1999 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2000 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
2001 ;
2002
2003elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2004 aggregate_type
2005 | enum_type
2006 ;
2007
2008elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2009 aggregate_type_nobody
2010 | enum_type_nobody
2011 ;
2012
2013fred:
2014 // empty
2015 { yyy = false; }
2016 ;
2017
2018aggregate_type: // struct, union
2019 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2020 { forall = false; } // reset
2021 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2022 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2023 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier fred
2024 {
2025 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2026 forall = false; // reset
2027 }
2028 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2029 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2030 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2031 {
2032 // for type_name can be a qualified type name S.T, in which case only the last name in the chain needs a typedef (other names in the chain should already have one)
2033 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->leafName(), forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2034 forall = false; // reset
2035 }
2036 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2037 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2038 | aggregate_type_nobody
2039 ;
2040
2041type_parameters_opt:
2042 // empty
2043 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2044 | '(' type_list ')'
2045 { $$ = $2; }
2046 ;
2047
2048aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2049 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier fred
2050 {
2051 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2052 forall = false; // reset
2053 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2054 }
2055 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2056 {
2057 forall = false; // reset
2058 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2059 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2060 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2061 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2062 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2063 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2064 delete $3;
2065 }
2066 ;
2067
2068aggregate_key:
2069 aggregate_data
2070 | aggregate_control
2071 ;
2072
2073aggregate_data:
2074 STRUCT
2075 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2076 | UNION
2077 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Union; }
2078 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2079 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2080 ;
2081
2082aggregate_control: // CFA
2083 GENERATOR
2084 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2085 | COROUTINE
2086 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2087 | MONITOR
2088 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2089 | THREAD
2090 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2091 ;
2092
2093field_declaration_list_opt:
2094 // empty
2095 { $$ = nullptr; }
2096 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2097 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2098 ;
2099
2100field_declaration:
2101 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2102 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2103 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2104 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2105 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2106 {
2107 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2108 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2109 } // if
2110 $3->inLine = true;
2111 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2112 distInl( $3 );
2113 }
2114 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2115 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2116 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2117 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2118 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2119 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2120 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2121 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2122 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2123 | static_assert // C11
2124 ;
2125
2126field_declaring_list_opt:
2127 // empty
2128 { $$ = nullptr; }
2129 | field_declarator
2130 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2131 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2132 ;
2133
2134field_declarator:
2135 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2136 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2137 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2138 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2139 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2140 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2141 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2142 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2143 ;
2144
2145field_abstract_list_opt:
2146 // empty
2147 { $$ = nullptr; }
2148 | field_abstract
2149 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2150 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2151 ;
2152
2153field_abstract:
2154 // no bit fields
2155 variable_abstract_declarator
2156 ;
2157
2158cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2159 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2160 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2161 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2162 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2163 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2164 ;
2165
2166cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2167 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2168 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2169 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2170 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2171 ;
2172
2173bit_subrange_size_opt:
2174 // empty
2175 { $$ = nullptr; }
2176 | bit_subrange_size
2177 ;
2178
2179bit_subrange_size:
2180 ':' assignment_expression
2181 { $$ = $2; }
2182 ;
2183
2184enum_type: // enum
2185 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2186 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2187 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2188 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2189 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2190 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2191 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2192 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2193 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2194 | enum_type_nobody
2195 ;
2196
2197enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2198 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2199 {
2200 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
2201 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2202 }
2203 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2204 {
2205 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
2206 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2207 }
2208 ;
2209
2210enumerator_list:
2211 identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2212 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2213 | enumerator_list ',' identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2214 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2215 ;
2216
2217enumerator_value_opt:
2218 // empty
2219 { $$ = nullptr; }
2220 | '=' constant_expression
2221 { $$ = $2; }
2222 ;
2223
2224cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2225 // empty
2226 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2227 | ELLIPSIS
2228 { $$ = nullptr; }
2229 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2230 | cfa_parameter_list
2231 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2232 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2233 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2234 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2235 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2236 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2237 ;
2238
2239cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2240 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2241 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2242 cfa_parameter_declaration
2243 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2244 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2245 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2246 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2247 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2248 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2249 ;
2250
2251cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2252 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2253 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2254 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2255 ;
2256
2257parameter_type_list_opt:
2258 // empty
2259 { $$ = nullptr; }
2260 | ELLIPSIS
2261 { $$ = nullptr; }
2262 | parameter_list
2263 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2264 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2265 ;
2266
2267parameter_list: // abstract + real
2268 abstract_parameter_declaration
2269 | parameter_declaration
2270 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2271 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2272 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2273 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2274 ;
2275
2276// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2277// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2278
2279cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2280 parameter_declaration
2281 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2282 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2283 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2284 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2285 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2286 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2287 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2288 | cfa_function_specifier
2289 ;
2290
2291cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2292 abstract_parameter_declaration
2293 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2294 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2295 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2296 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2297 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2298 | cfa_abstract_function
2299 ;
2300
2301parameter_declaration:
2302 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2303 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2304 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2305 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2306 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2307 ;
2308
2309abstract_parameter_declaration:
2310 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2311 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2312 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2313 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2314 ;
2315
2316// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2317// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2318// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2319
2320identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2321 identifier
2322 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2323 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2324 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2325 ;
2326
2327identifier_or_type_name:
2328 identifier
2329 | TYPEDEFname
2330 | TYPEGENname
2331 ;
2332
2333type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2334 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2335 | type_specifier
2336 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2337 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2338 ;
2339
2340type: // typeof, assertion
2341 type_no_function
2342 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2343 ;
2344
2345initializer_opt:
2346 // empty
2347 { $$ = nullptr; }
2348 | '=' initializer
2349 { $$ = $2; }
2350 | '=' VOID
2351 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2352 | ATassign initializer
2353 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2354 ;
2355
2356initializer:
2357 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2358 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2359 ;
2360
2361initializer_list_opt:
2362 // empty
2363 { $$ = nullptr; }
2364 | initializer
2365 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2366 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2367 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2368 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)($1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) )); }
2369 ;
2370
2371// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2372// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2373//
2374// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2375//
2376// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2377// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2378// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2379// shift/reduce conflicts
2380
2381designation:
2382 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2383 | identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2384 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2385 ;
2386
2387designator_list: // C99
2388 designator
2389 | designator_list designator
2390 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $2 )); }
2391 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2392 ;
2393
2394designator:
2395 '.' identifier // C99, field name
2396 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2397 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2398 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2399 { $$ = $3; }
2400 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2401 { $$ = $3; }
2402 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2403 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2404 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2405 { $$ = $4; }
2406 ;
2407
2408// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2409// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2410//
2411// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2412//
2413// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2414// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2415// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2416//
2417// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2418// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2419//
2420// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2421// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2422// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2423// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2424// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2425
2426type_parameter_list: // CFA
2427 type_parameter
2428 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2429 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2430 ;
2431
2432type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2433 // empty
2434 { $$ = nullptr; }
2435 | '=' type
2436 { $$ = $2; }
2437 ;
2438
2439type_parameter: // CFA
2440 type_class identifier_or_type_name
2441 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2442 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2443 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2444 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2445 | assertion_list
2446 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2447 ;
2448
2449type_class: // CFA
2450 OTYPE
2451 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2452 | DTYPE
2453 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2454 | FTYPE
2455 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2456 | TTYPE
2457 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2458 ;
2459
2460assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2461 // empty
2462 { $$ = nullptr; }
2463 | assertion_list
2464 ;
2465
2466assertion_list: // CFA
2467 assertion
2468 | assertion_list assertion
2469 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2470 ;
2471
2472assertion: // CFA
2473 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2474 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2475 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2476 { $$ = $4; }
2477 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2478 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2479 ;
2480
2481type_list: // CFA
2482 type
2483 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2484 | assignment_expression
2485 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $1->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2486 | type_list ',' type
2487 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) )); }
2488 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2489 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $3->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2490 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2491 ;
2492
2493type_declaring_list: // CFA
2494 OTYPE type_declarator
2495 { $$ = $2; }
2496 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2497 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2498 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2499 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2500 ;
2501
2502type_declarator: // CFA
2503 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2504 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2505 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2506 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2507 ;
2508
2509type_declarator_name: // CFA
2510 identifier_or_type_name
2511 {
2512 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2513 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2514 }
2515 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2516 {
2517 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2518 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2519 }
2520 ;
2521
2522trait_specifier: // CFA
2523 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2524 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2525 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2526 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2527 ;
2528
2529trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2530 trait_declaration
2531 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2532 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2533 ;
2534
2535trait_declaration: // CFA
2536 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2537 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2538 ;
2539
2540cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2541 cfa_variable_specifier
2542 | cfa_function_specifier
2543 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2544 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2545 ;
2546
2547trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2548 type_specifier declarator
2549 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2550 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2551 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2552 ;
2553
2554//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2555
2556translation_unit:
2557 // empty, input file
2558 | external_definition_list
2559 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2560 ;
2561
2562external_definition_list:
2563 push external_definition pop
2564 { $$ = $2; }
2565 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2566 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2567 ;
2568
2569external_definition_list_opt:
2570 // empty
2571 { $$ = nullptr; }
2572 | external_definition_list
2573 ;
2574
2575up:
2576 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2577 ;
2578
2579down:
2580 { typedefTable.down(); }
2581 ;
2582
2583external_definition:
2584 declaration
2585 | external_function_definition
2586 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2587 {
2588 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2589 $$ = $2;
2590 }
2591 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2592 {
2593 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2594 }
2595 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2596 {
2597 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2598 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2599 }
2600 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2601 {
2602 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2603 linkageStack.pop();
2604 $$ = $6;
2605 }
2606 | type_qualifier_list
2607 {
2608 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2609 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2610 }
2611 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2612 {
2613 distQual( $5, $1 );
2614 forall = false;
2615 $$ = $5;
2616 }
2617 | declaration_qualifier_list
2618 {
2619 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2620 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2621 }
2622 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2623 {
2624 distQual( $5, $1 );
2625 forall = false;
2626 $$ = $5;
2627 }
2628 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2629 {
2630 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2631 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2632 }
2633 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2634 {
2635 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2636 forall = false;
2637 $$ = $6;
2638 }
2639 ;
2640
2641external_function_definition:
2642 function_definition
2643 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2644 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2645 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2646 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2647 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2648 | function_declarator compound_statement
2649 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2650 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2651 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2652 ;
2653
2654with_clause_opt:
2655 // empty
2656 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2657 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2658 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2659 ;
2660
2661function_definition:
2662 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2663 {
2664 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2665 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2666 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2667 $$ = $1;
2668 }
2669 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2670 {
2671 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2672 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2673 }
2674 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2675 {
2676 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2677 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2678 }
2679 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2680 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2681 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2682 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2683 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2684 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2685 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2686 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2687 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2688
2689 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2690 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2691 {
2692 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2693 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2694 }
2695 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2696 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2697 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2698 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2699 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2700 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2701 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2702 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2703 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2704 ;
2705
2706declarator:
2707 variable_declarator
2708 | variable_type_redeclarator
2709 | function_declarator
2710 ;
2711
2712subrange:
2713 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2714 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2715 ;
2716
2717asm_name_opt: // GCC
2718 // empty
2719 { $$ = nullptr; }
2720 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2721 {
2722 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2723 name->asmName = $3;
2724 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2725 }
2726 ;
2727
2728attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2729 // empty
2730 { $$ = nullptr; }
2731 | attribute_list
2732 ;
2733
2734attribute_list: // GCC
2735 attribute
2736 | attribute_list attribute
2737 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2738 ;
2739
2740attribute: // GCC
2741 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2742 { $$ = $4; }
2743 ;
2744
2745attribute_name_list: // GCC
2746 attribute_name
2747 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2748 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2749 ;
2750
2751attribute_name: // GCC
2752 // empty
2753 { $$ = nullptr; }
2754 | attr_name
2755 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2756 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2757 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2758 ;
2759
2760attr_name: // GCC
2761 IDENTIFIER
2762 | quasi_keyword
2763 | TYPEDEFname
2764 | TYPEGENname
2765 | FALLTHROUGH
2766 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2767 | CONST
2768 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2769 ;
2770
2771// ============================================================================
2772// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2773// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2774// in:
2775//
2776// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2777// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2778//
2779// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2780// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2781// ============================================================================
2782
2783// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2784// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2785// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2786//
2787// valid declaration invalid definition
2788// ----------------- ------------------
2789// int f; int f {}
2790// int *f; int *f {}
2791// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2792// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2793//
2794// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2795// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2796// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2797
2798// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2799// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2800
2801variable_declarator:
2802 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2803 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2804 | variable_ptr
2805 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2806 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2807 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2808 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2809 ;
2810
2811paren_identifier:
2812 identifier
2813 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2814 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2815 { $$ = $2; }
2816 ;
2817
2818variable_ptr:
2819 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2820 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2821 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2822 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2823 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2824 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2825 ;
2826
2827variable_array:
2828 paren_identifier array_dimension
2829 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2830 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2831 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2832 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2833 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2834 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2835 { $$ = $2; }
2836 ;
2837
2838variable_function:
2839 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2840 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2841 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2842 { $$ = $2; }
2843 ;
2844
2845// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2846// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2847// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2848
2849function_declarator:
2850 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2851 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2852 | function_ptr
2853 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2854 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2855 ;
2856
2857function_no_ptr:
2858 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2859 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2860 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2861 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2862 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2863 { $$ = $2; }
2864 ;
2865
2866function_ptr:
2867 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2868 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2869 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2870 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2871 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2872 { $$ = $2; }
2873 ;
2874
2875function_array:
2876 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2877 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2878 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2879 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2880 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2881 { $$ = $2; }
2882 ;
2883
2884// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2885//
2886// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2887//
2888// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2889// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2890
2891KR_function_declarator:
2892 KR_function_no_ptr
2893 | KR_function_ptr
2894 | KR_function_array
2895 ;
2896
2897KR_function_no_ptr:
2898 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2899 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2900 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2901 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2902 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2903 { $$ = $2; }
2904 ;
2905
2906KR_function_ptr:
2907 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2908 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2909 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2910 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2911 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2912 { $$ = $2; }
2913 ;
2914
2915KR_function_array:
2916 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2917 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2918 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2919 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2920 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2921 { $$ = $2; }
2922 ;
2923
2924// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2925//
2926// typedef int foo;
2927// {
2928// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2929// }
2930//
2931// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2932// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2933
2934variable_type_redeclarator:
2935 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2936 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2937 | type_ptr
2938 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2939 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2940 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2941 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2942 ;
2943
2944paren_type:
2945 typedef
2946 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2947 {
2948 // if ( ! typedefTable.existsCurr( *$1->name ) ) {
2949 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
2950 // } else {
2951 // SemanticError( yylloc, string("'") + *$1->name + "' redeclared as different kind of symbol." ); $$ = nullptr;
2952 // } // if
2953 }
2954 | '(' paren_type ')'
2955 { $$ = $2; }
2956 ;
2957
2958type_ptr:
2959 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2960 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2961 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2962 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2963 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2964 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2965 ;
2966
2967type_array:
2968 paren_type array_dimension
2969 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2970 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2971 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2972 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2973 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2974 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2975 { $$ = $2; }
2976 ;
2977
2978type_function:
2979 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2980 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2981 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2982 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2983 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2984 { $$ = $2; }
2985 ;
2986
2987// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2988// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2989// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2990// pointers to arrays and functions.
2991
2992identifier_parameter_declarator:
2993 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2994 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2995 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2996 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2997 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2998 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2999 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3000 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3001 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3002 ;
3003
3004identifier_parameter_ptr:
3005 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3006 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3007 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3008 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3009 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3010 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3011 ;
3012
3013identifier_parameter_array:
3014 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3015 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3016 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3017 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3018 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3019 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3020 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3021 { $$ = $2; }
3022 ;
3023
3024identifier_parameter_function:
3025 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3026 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3027 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3028 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3029 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3030 { $$ = $2; }
3031 ;
3032
3033// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3034// e.g.:
3035//
3036// typedef int foo;
3037// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3038// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3039//
3040// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3041
3042type_parameter_redeclarator:
3043 typedef attribute_list_opt
3044 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3045 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
3046 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3047 | type_parameter_ptr
3048 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3049 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3050 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3051 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3052 ;
3053
3054typedef:
3055 TYPEDEFname
3056 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3057 | TYPEGENname
3058 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3059 ;
3060
3061type_parameter_ptr:
3062 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3063 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3064 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3065 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3066 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3067 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3068 ;
3069
3070type_parameter_array:
3071 typedef array_parameter_dimension
3072 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3073 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3074 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3075 ;
3076
3077type_parameter_function:
3078 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3079 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3080 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3081 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3082 ;
3083
3084// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3085// which the type applies, e.g.:
3086//
3087// sizeof( int );
3088// sizeof( int * );
3089// sizeof( int [10] );
3090// sizeof( int (*)() );
3091// sizeof( int () );
3092//
3093// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3094// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3095
3096abstract_declarator:
3097 abstract_ptr
3098 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3099 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3100 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3101 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3102 ;
3103
3104abstract_ptr:
3105 ptrref_operator
3106 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3107 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3108 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3109 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3110 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3111 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3112 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3113 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3114 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3115 ;
3116
3117abstract_array:
3118 array_dimension
3119 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3120 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3121 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3122 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3123 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3124 { $$ = $2; }
3125 ;
3126
3127abstract_function:
3128 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3129 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3130 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3131 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3132 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3133 { $$ = $2; }
3134 ;
3135
3136array_dimension:
3137 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3138 '[' ']'
3139 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3140 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3141 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3142 | multi_array_dimension
3143 ;
3144
3145multi_array_dimension:
3146 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3147 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3148 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3149 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3150 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3151 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3152 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3153 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3154 ;
3155
3156// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3157// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3158//
3159// int f( int ); // not handled here
3160// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3161// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3162// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3163//
3164// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3165// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3166// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3167//
3168// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3169// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3170// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3171//
3172// For example:
3173//
3174// typedef float T;
3175// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3176// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3177// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3178// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3179//
3180// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3181// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3182// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3183// functions.
3184
3185abstract_parameter_declarator:
3186 abstract_parameter_ptr
3187 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3188 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3189 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3190 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3191 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3192 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3193 ;
3194
3195abstract_parameter_ptr:
3196 ptrref_operator
3197 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3198 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3199 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3200 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3201 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3202 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3203 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3204 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3205 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3206 ;
3207
3208abstract_parameter_array:
3209 array_parameter_dimension
3210 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3211 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3212 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3213 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3214 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3215 { $$ = $2; }
3216 ;
3217
3218abstract_parameter_function:
3219 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3220 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3221 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3222 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3223 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3224 { $$ = $2; }
3225 ;
3226
3227array_parameter_dimension:
3228 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3229 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3230 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3231 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3232 | multi_array_dimension
3233 ;
3234
3235// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3236//
3237// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3238// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3239
3240array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3241 '[' ']'
3242 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3243 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3244 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3245 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3246 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3247 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3248 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3249 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3250 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3251 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3252 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3253 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3254 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3255 ;
3256
3257// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3258//
3259// struct S {
3260// int;
3261// int *;
3262// int [10];
3263// int (*)();
3264// };
3265
3266variable_abstract_declarator:
3267 variable_abstract_ptr
3268 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3269 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3270 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3271 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3272 ;
3273
3274variable_abstract_ptr:
3275 ptrref_operator
3276 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3277 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3278 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3279 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3280 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3281 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3282 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3283 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3284 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3285 ;
3286
3287variable_abstract_array:
3288 array_dimension
3289 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3290 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3291 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3292 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3293 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3294 { $$ = $2; }
3295 ;
3296
3297variable_abstract_function:
3298 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3299 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3300 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3301 { $$ = $2; }
3302 ;
3303
3304// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3305// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3306
3307cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3308 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3309 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3310 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3311 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3312 ;
3313
3314cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3315 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3316 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3317 ;
3318
3319cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3320 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3321 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3322 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3323 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3324 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3325 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3326 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3327 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3328 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3329 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3330 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3331 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3332 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3333 ;
3334
3335cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3336 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3337 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3338 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3339 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3340 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3341 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3342 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3343 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3344 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3345 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3346 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3347 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3348
3349 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3350 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3351 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3352 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3353 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3354 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3355 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3356 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3357 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3358 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3359 ;
3360
3361cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3362 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3363 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3364 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3365 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3366 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3367 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3368 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3369 // appear in this context.
3370 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3371 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3372 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3373 ;
3374
3375// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3376// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3377//
3378// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3379// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3380//
3381// These rules need LR(3):
3382//
3383// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3384// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3385//
3386// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3387//
3388// [int, int] t;
3389// [int, int] f( int );
3390//
3391// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3392// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3393// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3394// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3395
3396cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3397 cfa_abstract_tuple
3398 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3399 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3400 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3401 ;
3402
3403cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3404 cfa_abstract_ptr
3405 | cfa_abstract_array
3406 ;
3407
3408cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3409 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3410 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3411 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3412 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3413 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3414 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3415 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3416 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3417 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3418 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3419 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3420 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3421 ;
3422
3423cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3424 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3425 // empty (void) function return type.
3426 '[' ']' type_specifier
3427 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3428 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3429 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3430 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3431 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3432 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3433 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3434 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3435 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3436 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3437 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3438 ;
3439
3440cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3441 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3442 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3443 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3444 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3445 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3446 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3447 ;
3448
3449cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3450// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3451// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3452 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3453 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3454 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3455 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3456 ;
3457
3458// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3459// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3460//
3461// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3462// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3463//
3464// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3465// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3466//
3467// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3468// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3469
3470//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3471
3472comma_opt: // redundant comma
3473 // empty
3474 | ','
3475 ;
3476
3477default_initialize_opt:
3478 // empty
3479 { $$ = nullptr; }
3480 | '=' assignment_expression
3481 { $$ = $2; }
3482 ;
3483
3484%%
3485
3486// ----end of grammar----
3487
3488// Local Variables: //
3489// mode: c++ //
3490// tab-width: 4 //
3491// compile-command: "make install" //
3492// End: //
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.