source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 48b9b36

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr new-env no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum with_gc
Last change on this file since 48b9b36 was 1dbc8590, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 7 years ago

ignore extern "C" declarations in distribution block

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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Fri May 11 17:51:38 2018
13// Update Count : 3261
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121
122void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
123 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // return is aggregate definition
124 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
125 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
126 } // if
127} // rebindForall
128
129NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
130 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
131 delete name;
132 return new_name;
133} // build_postfix_name
134
135bool forall = false, xxx = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
136
137// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
138#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
139if ( N ) { \
140 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
141 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
142 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
143 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
144 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
145} else { \
146 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
147 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
148 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
149}
150%}
151
152%define parse.error verbose
153
154// Types declaration for productions
155%union
156{
157 Token tok;
158 ParseNode * pn;
159 ExpressionNode * en;
160 DeclarationNode * decl;
161 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
162 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
163 StatementNode * sn;
164 WaitForStmt * wfs;
165 Expression * constant;
166 IfCtl * ifctl;
167 ForCtl * fctl;
168 LabelNode * label;
169 InitializerNode * in;
170 OperKinds op;
171 std::string * str;
172 bool flag;
173 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
174}
175
176//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
177
178// keywords
179%token TYPEDEF
180%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
181%token THREADLOCAL // C11
182%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
183%token NORETURN // C11
184%token CONST VOLATILE
185%token RESTRICT // C99
186%token ATOMIC // C11
187%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
188%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
189%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
190%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
191%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
192%token VALIST // GCC
193%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
194%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
195%token EXCEPTION // CFA
196%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
197%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
198%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
199%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
200%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
201%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
202%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
203%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
204
205// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
206%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
207%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
208%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
209%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
210%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
211// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
212// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
213// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
214%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
215
216// multi-character operators
217%token ARROW // ->
218%token ICR DECR // ++ --
219%token LS RS // << >>
220%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
221%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
222%token ELLIPSIS // ...
223
224%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
225%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
226%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
227%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
228
229%token ATassign // @=
230
231%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
232%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
233%type<tok> quasi_keyword
234%type<constant> string_literal
235%type<str> string_literal_list
236
237// expressions
238%type<en> constant
239%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
240%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
241%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
242%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
243%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
244%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
245%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
246%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
247%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
248%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
249%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
250%type<fctl> for_control_expression
251%type<en> subrange
252%type<decl> asm_name_opt
253%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
254%type<label> label_list
255%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
256%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
257%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
258
259// statements
260%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
261%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
262%type<sn> selection_statement
263%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
264%type<en> case_value
265%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
266%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
267%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
268%type<sn> with_statement
269%type<en> with_clause_opt
270%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
271%type<catch_kind> handler_key
272%type<sn> mutex_statement
273%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
274%type<sn> waitfor_statement
275%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
276
277// declarations
278%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
279%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
280%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
281
282%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
283%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
284
285%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
286
287%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
288
289%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
290
291%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
292
293%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
294%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
295
296%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
297
298%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
299%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
300
301%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
302
303%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
304%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
305
306%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
307
308%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
309%type<decl> identifier_list
310
311%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
312%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
313%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
314
315%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
316
317%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
318%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
319
320%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
321%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
322
323%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_type_list_opt
324
325%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
326
327%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
328%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
329%type<decl> KR_declaration_list KR_declaration_list_opt
330
331%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
332
333%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
334
335%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
336
337%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
338
339%type<tclass> type_class
340%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
341
342%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
343%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
344
345%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
346
347%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
348
349%type<decl> type type_no_function
350%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
351
352%type<en> type_list
353
354%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
355%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
356
357%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
358%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
359
360%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
361
362// initializers
363%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
364
365// designators
366%type<en> designator designator_list designation
367
368
369// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
370// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
371// if ( C ) S1 else S2
372// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
373// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
374
375// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
376// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
377%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
378%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
379%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
380%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
381
382// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
383// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
384// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
385// Foo ( *fp )( int );
386// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
387// Must be:
388// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
389
390// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
391%precedence TYPEGENname
392%precedence '('
393
394%locations // support location tracking for error messages
395
396%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
397
398%%
399//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
400
401// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
402// "identifier", "TYPEDEFname", and "TYPEGENname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely
403// context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs.
404// Hence, this grammar uses the ANSI style.
405//
406// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
407// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
408// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
409//
410// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
411// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
412// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
413//
414// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
415// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
416// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
417// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
418// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
419//
420// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
421// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
422// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
423// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
424// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
425// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
426// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
427
428push:
429 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
430 ;
431
432pop:
433 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
434 ;
435
436//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
437
438constant:
439 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
440 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
441 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
442 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
443 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
444 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
445 ;
446
447quasi_keyword: // CFA
448 TIMEOUT
449 | WOR
450 ;
451
452identifier:
453 IDENTIFIER
454 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
455 | quasi_keyword
456 ;
457
458no_attr_identifier:
459 IDENTIFIER
460 | quasi_keyword
461 ;
462
463string_literal:
464 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
465 ;
466
467string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
468 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
469 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
470 {
471 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
472 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
473 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
474 }
475 ;
476
477//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
478
479primary_expression:
480 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
481 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
482 | quasi_keyword
483 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
484 | tuple
485 | '(' comma_expression ')'
486 { $$ = $2; }
487 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
488 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
489 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
490 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
491 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
492 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
493 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
494 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
495 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
496 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
497 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
498 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
499 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
500 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified names are currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
501// { $$ = nullptr; }
502 | type_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
503 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified names are currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
504// { $$ = nullptr; }
505 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
506 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Generic is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
507 ;
508
509generic_assoc_list: // C11
510 | generic_association
511 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
512 ;
513
514generic_association: // C11
515 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
516 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
517 ;
518
519postfix_expression:
520 primary_expression
521 | postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
522 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
523 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
524 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
525 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
526 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
527 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
528 {
529 Token fn;
530 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
531 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
532 }
533 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
534 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
535 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
536 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
537 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
538 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
539 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
540 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
541 | postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
542 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
543 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
544 {
545 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
546 }
547 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
548 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
549 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
550 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
551 | postfix_expression ICR
552 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
553 | postfix_expression DECR
554 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
555 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
556 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
557 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
558 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
559 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
560 {
561 Token fn;
562 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
563 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
564 }
565 ;
566
567argument_expression_list:
568 argument_expression
569 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
570 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
571 ;
572
573argument_expression:
574 // empty
575 { $$ = nullptr; }
576 // | '@' // use default argument
577 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
578 | assignment_expression
579 ;
580
581field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
582 field
583 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
584 ;
585
586field: // CFA, tuple field selector
587 field_name
588 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
589 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
590 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
591 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
592 | field_name '.' field
593 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
594 | field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
595 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
596 | field_name ARROW field
597 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
598 | field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
599 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
600 ;
601
602field_name:
603 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
604 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
605 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
606 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
607 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
608 {
609 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
610 }
611 ;
612
613fraction_constants_opt:
614 // empty
615 { $$ = nullptr; }
616 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
617 {
618 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
619 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
620 }
621 ;
622
623unary_expression:
624 postfix_expression
625 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
626 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
627 | constant
628 { $$ = $1; }
629 | string_literal
630 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
631 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
632 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
633 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
634 // { * X; } // dereference X
635 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
636 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
637 {
638 switch ( $1 ) {
639 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
640 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
641 break;
642 case OperKinds::PointTo:
643 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
644 break;
645 case OperKinds::And:
646 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
647 break;
648 default:
649 assert( false );
650 }
651 }
652 | unary_operator cast_expression
653 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
654 | ICR unary_expression
655 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
656 | DECR unary_expression
657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
658 | SIZEOF unary_expression
659 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
660 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
661 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
662 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
663 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
664 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
665 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
666 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
667 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
668 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
669 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
670 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
671 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
672 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
673 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
674 ;
675
676ptrref_operator:
677 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
678 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
679 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
680 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
681 ;
682
683unary_operator:
684 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
685 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
686 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
687 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
688 ;
689
690cast_expression:
691 unary_expression
692 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
693 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
694 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
695 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
696 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
697 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
698 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
699 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
700 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
701 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
702 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
703 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
704 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
705// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
706// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
707 ;
708
709exponential_expression:
710 cast_expression
711 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
712 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
713 ;
714
715multiplicative_expression:
716 exponential_expression
717 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
718 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
719 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
720 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
721 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
722 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
723 ;
724
725additive_expression:
726 multiplicative_expression
727 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
728 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
729 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
730 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
731 ;
732
733shift_expression:
734 additive_expression
735 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
736 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
737 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
738 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
739 ;
740
741relational_expression:
742 shift_expression
743 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
744 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
745 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
746 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
747 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
748 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
749 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
750 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
751 ;
752
753equality_expression:
754 relational_expression
755 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
756 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
757 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
758 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
759 ;
760
761AND_expression:
762 equality_expression
763 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
764 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
765 ;
766
767exclusive_OR_expression:
768 AND_expression
769 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
770 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
771 ;
772
773inclusive_OR_expression:
774 exclusive_OR_expression
775 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
776 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
777 ;
778
779logical_AND_expression:
780 inclusive_OR_expression
781 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
782 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
783 ;
784
785logical_OR_expression:
786 logical_AND_expression
787 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
788 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
789 ;
790
791conditional_expression:
792 logical_OR_expression
793 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
794 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
795 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
796 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
797 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
798 ;
799
800constant_expression:
801 conditional_expression
802 ;
803
804assignment_expression:
805 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
806 conditional_expression
807 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
808 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
809 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}'
810 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
811 ;
812
813assignment_expression_opt:
814 // empty
815 { $$ = nullptr; }
816 | assignment_expression
817 ;
818
819assignment_operator:
820 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
821 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
822 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
823 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
824 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
825 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
826 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
827 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
828 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
829 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
830 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
831 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
832 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
833 ;
834
835tuple: // CFA, tuple
836 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
837 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
838// '[' ']'
839// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
840// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
841// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
842 '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
843 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
844 | '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
845 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
846 ;
847
848tuple_expression_list:
849 assignment_expression_opt
850 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
851 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
852 ;
853
854comma_expression:
855 assignment_expression
856 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
857 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
858 ;
859
860comma_expression_opt:
861 // empty
862 { $$ = nullptr; }
863 | comma_expression
864 ;
865
866//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
867
868statement:
869 labeled_statement
870 | compound_statement
871 | expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
872 | selection_statement
873 | iteration_statement
874 | jump_statement
875 | with_statement
876 | mutex_statement
877 | waitfor_statement
878 | exception_statement
879 | enable_disable_statement
880 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
881 | asm_statement
882 | DIRECTIVE
883 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
884 ;
885
886labeled_statement:
887 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
888 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
889 {
890 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
891 }
892 ;
893
894compound_statement:
895 '{' '}'
896 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
897 | '{'
898 // Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
899 // requires its own scope.
900 push push
901 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
902 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
903 pop '}'
904 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
905 ;
906
907statement_decl_list: // C99
908 statement_decl
909 | statement_decl_list push statement_decl
910 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
911 ;
912
913statement_decl:
914 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
915 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
916 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
917 {
918 distExt( $2 );
919 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
920 }
921 | function_definition
922 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
923 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
924 {
925 distExt( $2 );
926 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
927 }
928 | statement pop
929 ;
930
931statement_list_nodecl:
932 statement
933 | statement_list_nodecl statement
934 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
935 ;
936
937expression_statement:
938 comma_expression_opt ';'
939 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
940 ;
941
942selection_statement:
943 IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
944 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
945 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, nullptr ) ); }
946 | IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
947 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
948 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
949 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
950 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
951 {
952 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
953 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
954 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
955 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
956 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
957 // statement.
958 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
959 }
960 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
961 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
962 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
963 {
964 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
965 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
966 }
967 ;
968
969if_control_expression:
970 comma_expression pop
971 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
972 | c_declaration pop // no semi-colon
973 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
974 | cfa_declaration pop // no semi-colon
975 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
976 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
977 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
978 ;
979
980// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
981// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
982
983case_value: // CFA
984 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
985 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
986 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
987 | subrange // CFA, subrange
988 ;
989
990case_value_list: // CFA
991 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
992 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
993 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
994 ;
995
996case_label: // CFA
997 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
998 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
999 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1000 ;
1001
1002//label_list_opt:
1003// // empty
1004// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1005// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1006// ;
1007
1008case_label_list: // CFA
1009 case_label
1010 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1011 ;
1012
1013case_clause: // CFA
1014 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1015 ;
1016
1017switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1018 // empty
1019 { $$ = nullptr; }
1020 | switch_clause_list
1021 ;
1022
1023switch_clause_list: // CFA
1024 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1025 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1026 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1027 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1028 ;
1029
1030iteration_statement:
1031 WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
1032 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
1033 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1034 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
1035 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
1036 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1037 ;
1038
1039for_control_expression:
1040 comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1041 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
1042 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1043 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1044 ;
1045
1046jump_statement:
1047 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1048 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1049 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1050 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1051 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1052 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1053 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1054 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1055 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1056 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1057 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1058 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1059 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1060 | CONTINUE ';'
1061 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1062 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1063 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1064 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1065 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1066 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1067 | BREAK ';'
1068 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1069 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1070 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1071 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1072 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1073 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1074 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1075 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1076 | RETURN '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}'
1077 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1078 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1079 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1080 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1081 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1082 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1083 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1084 ;
1085
1086fall_through_name: // CFA
1087 FALLTHRU
1088 | FALLTHROUGH
1089 ;
1090
1091with_statement:
1092 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1093 {
1094 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1095 }
1096 ;
1097
1098// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1099mutex_statement:
1100 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1101 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1102 ;
1103
1104when_clause:
1105 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1106 ;
1107
1108when_clause_opt:
1109 // empty
1110 { $$ = nullptr; }
1111 | when_clause
1112 ;
1113
1114waitfor:
1115 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1116 {
1117 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1118 delete $3;
1119 }
1120 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1121 {
1122 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1123 $$->set_last( $5 );
1124 delete $3;
1125 }
1126 ;
1127
1128timeout:
1129 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1130 ;
1131
1132waitfor_clause:
1133 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1134 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1135 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1136 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1137 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1138 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1139 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1140 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1141 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1142 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1143 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1144 ;
1145
1146waitfor_statement:
1147 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1148 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1149 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1150 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1151 ;
1152
1153exception_statement:
1154 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1155 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1156 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1157 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1158 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1159 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1160 ;
1161
1162handler_clause:
1163 handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1164 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $5, $7, $9 ) ); }
1165 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1166 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $6, $8, $10 ) ) ); }
1167 ;
1168
1169handler_predicate_opt:
1170 //empty
1171 { $$ = nullptr; }
1172 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1173 ;
1174
1175handler_key:
1176 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1177 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1178 ;
1179
1180finally_clause:
1181 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1182 ;
1183
1184exception_declaration:
1185 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1186 type_specifier_nobody
1187 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1188 {
1189 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1190 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
1191 }
1192 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1193 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1194 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1195 {
1196 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1197 $$ = $1->addName( $2 );
1198 }
1199 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1200 ;
1201
1202enable_disable_statement:
1203 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1204 ;
1205
1206enable_disable_key:
1207 ENABLE
1208 | DISABLE
1209 ;
1210
1211asm_statement:
1212 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1213 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1214 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1215 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1216 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1217 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1218 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1219 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1220 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1221 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1222 ;
1223
1224asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1225 // empty
1226 { $$ = false; }
1227 | VOLATILE
1228 { $$ = true; }
1229 ;
1230
1231asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1232 // empty
1233 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1234 | asm_operands_list
1235 ;
1236
1237asm_operands_list: // GCC
1238 asm_operand
1239 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1240 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1241 ;
1242
1243asm_operand: // GCC
1244 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1245 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1246 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1247 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1248 ;
1249
1250asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1251 // empty
1252 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1253 | string_literal
1254 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1255 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1256 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1257 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1258 ;
1259
1260label_list:
1261 no_attr_identifier
1262 {
1263 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1264 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1265 }
1266 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1267 {
1268 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1269 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1270 }
1271 ;
1272
1273//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1274
1275declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1276 pop
1277 { $$ = nullptr; }
1278 | declaration_list
1279 ;
1280
1281declaration_list:
1282 declaration
1283 | declaration_list push declaration
1284 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1285 ;
1286
1287KR_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1288 // empty
1289 { $$ = nullptr; }
1290 | KR_declaration_list
1291 ;
1292
1293KR_declaration_list:
1294 push c_declaration pop ';'
1295 { $$ = $2; }
1296 | KR_declaration_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1297 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1298 ;
1299
1300local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1301 // empty
1302 | local_label_declaration_list
1303 ;
1304
1305local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1306 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1307 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1308 ;
1309
1310local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1311 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1312 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1313 ;
1314
1315declaration: // old & new style declarations
1316 c_declaration pop ';'
1317 | cfa_declaration pop ';' // CFA
1318 | static_assert
1319 ;
1320
1321static_assert:
1322 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1323 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1324
1325// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1326// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1327// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1328// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1329// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1330// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1331//
1332// CFA C
1333// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1334// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1335
1336cfa_declaration: // CFA
1337 cfa_variable_declaration
1338 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1339 | cfa_function_declaration
1340 | type_declaring_list
1341 | trait_specifier
1342 ;
1343
1344cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1345 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1346 {
1347 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1348 $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
1349 }
1350 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1351 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1352 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1353 {
1354 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1355 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
1356 }
1357 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1358 {
1359 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
1360 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1361 }
1362 ;
1363
1364cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1365 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1366 // storage-class
1367 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1368 {
1369 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1370 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1371 }
1372 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1373 {
1374 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1375 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1376 }
1377 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1378 {
1379 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
1380 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
1381 }
1382 ;
1383
1384cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1385 cfa_function_specifier
1386 {
1387 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1388 $$ = $1;
1389 }
1390 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1391 {
1392 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1393 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1394 }
1395 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1396 {
1397 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1398 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1399 }
1400 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1401 {
1402 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1403 $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1404 }
1405 | cfa_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1406 {
1407 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1408 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1409 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1410 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, ret, $8, nullptr ) );
1411 }
1412 ;
1413
1414cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1415// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1416// {
1417// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1418// }
1419// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1420// {
1421// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1422// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1423// }
1424// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1425// {
1426// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1427// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1428// }
1429// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1430 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1431 //
1432 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
1433 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1434 //
1435 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1436 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1437 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1438 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1439 {
1440 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 );
1441 }
1442 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1443 {
1444 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 );
1445 }
1446 ;
1447
1448cfa_function_return: // CFA
1449 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1450 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1451 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1452 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
1453 // ']'.
1454 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1455 ;
1456
1457cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1458 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1459 {
1460 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1461 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1462 }
1463 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1464 {
1465 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1466 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1467 }
1468 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1469 {
1470 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1471 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1472 }
1473 ;
1474
1475// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1476// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1477
1478typedef_declaration:
1479 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1480 {
1481 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1482 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1483 }
1484 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1485 {
1486 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1487 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1488 }
1489 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1490 {
1491 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1492 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1493 }
1494 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1495 {
1496 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1497 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1498 }
1499 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1500 {
1501 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1502 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1503 }
1504 ;
1505
1506typedef_expression:
1507 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1508 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1509 {
1510 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
1511 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1512 }
1513 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1514 {
1515 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1516 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1517 }
1518 ;
1519
1520//c_declaration:
1521// declaring_list pop ';'
1522// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1523// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1524// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1525// ;
1526//
1527//declaring_list:
1528// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1529// // storage-class
1530// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1531// {
1532// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1533// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1534// }
1535// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1536// {
1537// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1538// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1539// }
1540// ;
1541
1542c_declaration:
1543 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1544 {
1545 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 );
1546 }
1547 | typedef_declaration
1548 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1549 | sue_declaration_specifier
1550 ;
1551
1552declaring_list:
1553 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1554 // storage-class
1555 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1556 {
1557 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1558 $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 );
1559 }
1560 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1561 {
1562 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1563 $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1564 }
1565 ;
1566
1567declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1568 basic_declaration_specifier
1569 | sue_declaration_specifier
1570 | type_declaration_specifier
1571 ;
1572
1573declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1574 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1575 //
1576 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1577 //
1578 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1579 basic_declaration_specifier
1580 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1581 | type_declaration_specifier
1582 ;
1583
1584type_specifier: // type specifier
1585 basic_type_specifier
1586 | sue_type_specifier
1587 | type_type_specifier
1588 ;
1589
1590type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1591 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1592 //
1593 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1594 //
1595 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1596 basic_type_specifier
1597 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1598 | type_type_specifier
1599 ;
1600
1601type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1602 // empty
1603 { $$ = nullptr; }
1604 | type_qualifier_list
1605 ;
1606
1607type_qualifier_list:
1608 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1609 //
1610 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1611 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1612 // appeared only once.
1613 type_qualifier
1614 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1615 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1616 ;
1617
1618type_qualifier:
1619 type_qualifier_name
1620 | attribute
1621 ;
1622
1623type_qualifier_name:
1624 CONST
1625 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1626 | RESTRICT
1627 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1628 | VOLATILE
1629 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1630 | ATOMIC
1631 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1632 | forall
1633 ;
1634
1635forall:
1636 FORALL '('
1637 {
1638 typedefTable.enterScope();
1639 }
1640 type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1641 {
1642 typedefTable.leaveScope();
1643 $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
1644 }
1645 ;
1646
1647declaration_qualifier_list:
1648 storage_class_list
1649 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1650 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1651 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1652 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1653 ;
1654
1655storage_class_list:
1656 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1657 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1658 //
1659 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1660 // specifiers in a declaration.
1661 storage_class
1662 | storage_class_list storage_class
1663 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1664 ;
1665
1666storage_class:
1667 EXTERN
1668 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1669 | STATIC
1670 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1671 | AUTO
1672 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1673 | REGISTER
1674 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1675 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1676 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1677 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1678 | INLINE // C99
1679 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1680 | FORTRAN // C99
1681 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1682 | NORETURN // C11
1683 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1684 ;
1685
1686basic_type_name:
1687 VOID
1688 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1689 | BOOL // C99
1690 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1691 | CHAR
1692 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1693 | INT
1694 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1695 | INT128
1696 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1697 | FLOAT
1698 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1699 | FLOAT80
1700 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1701 | FLOAT128
1702 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1703 | DOUBLE
1704 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1705 | COMPLEX // C99
1706 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1707 | IMAGINARY // C99
1708 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1709 | SIGNED
1710 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1711 | UNSIGNED
1712 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1713 | SHORT
1714 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1715 | LONG
1716 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1717 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1718 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1719 ;
1720
1721basic_declaration_specifier:
1722 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1723 basic_type_specifier
1724 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1725 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1726 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1727 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1728 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1729 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1730 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1731 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1732 ;
1733
1734basic_type_specifier:
1735 direct_type
1736 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1737 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1738 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1739 ;
1740
1741direct_type:
1742 basic_type_name
1743 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1744 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1745 | direct_type type_qualifier
1746 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1747 | direct_type basic_type_name
1748 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1749 ;
1750
1751indirect_type:
1752 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1753 { $$ = $3; }
1754 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1755 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1756 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1757 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1758 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1759 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1760 | ZERO_T // CFA
1761 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1762 | ONE_T // CFA
1763 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1764 ;
1765
1766sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1767 sue_type_specifier
1768 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1769 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1770 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1771 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1772 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1773 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1774 ;
1775
1776sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1777 elaborated_type
1778 | type_qualifier_list
1779 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1780 elaborated_type
1781 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1782 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1783 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1784 ;
1785
1786sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1787 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1788 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1789 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1790 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1791 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1792 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1793 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1794 ;
1795
1796sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1797 elaborated_type_nobody
1798 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1799 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1800 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1801 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1802 ;
1803
1804type_declaration_specifier:
1805 type_type_specifier
1806 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1807 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1808 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1809 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1810 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1811 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1812 ;
1813
1814type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1815 type_name
1816 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1817 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1818 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1819 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1820 ;
1821
1822type_name:
1823 TYPEDEFname
1824 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1825 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1826 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ); } // FIX ME
1827 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1828 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ); } // FIX ME
1829 | typegen_name
1830 | '.' typegen_name
1831 { $$ = $2; } // FIX ME
1832 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1833 { $$ = $3; } // FIX ME
1834 ;
1835
1836typegen_name: // CFA
1837 TYPEGENname
1838 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1839 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1840 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1841 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1842 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1843 ;
1844
1845elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1846 aggregate_type
1847 | enum_type
1848 ;
1849
1850elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1851 aggregate_type_nobody
1852 | enum_type_nobody
1853 ;
1854
1855aggregate_type: // struct, union
1856 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1857 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1858 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1859 {
1860 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); // create typedef
1861 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TypedefTable::TG ); // possibly update
1862 forall = false; // reset
1863 }
1864 '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1865 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1866 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
1867 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1868 | aggregate_type_nobody
1869 ;
1870
1871aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1872 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1873 {
1874 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1875 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TypedefTable::TG ); // possibly update
1876 forall = false; // reset
1877 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1878 }
1879 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname
1880 {
1881 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1882 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1883 }
1884 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt typegen_name // CFA
1885 {
1886 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1887 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1888 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1889 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1890 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1891 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1892 delete $3;
1893 }
1894 ;
1895
1896aggregate_key:
1897 STRUCT
1898 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1899 | UNION
1900 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1901 | EXCEPTION
1902 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
1903 | COROUTINE
1904 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1905 | MONITOR
1906 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1907 | THREAD
1908 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1909 ;
1910
1911field_declaration_list:
1912 // empty
1913 { $$ = nullptr; }
1914 | field_declaration_list field_declaration
1915 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1916 ;
1917
1918field_declaration:
1919 cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1920 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1921 {
1922 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
1923 $$ = $2;
1924 }
1925 | type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1926 {
1927 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1928 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1929 {
1930 distExt( $3 ); // mark all fields in list
1931 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 );
1932 }
1933 | static_assert
1934 ;
1935
1936cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1937 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1938 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1939 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1940 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1941 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1942 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1943 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1944 ;
1945
1946field_declaring_list:
1947 field_declarator
1948 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
1949 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1950 ;
1951
1952field_declarator:
1953 // empty
1954 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1955 // '@'
1956 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1957 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1958 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1959 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1960 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1961 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1962 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1963 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1964 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1965 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1966 ;
1967
1968bit_subrange_size_opt:
1969 // empty
1970 { $$ = nullptr; }
1971 | bit_subrange_size
1972 { $$ = $1; }
1973 ;
1974
1975bit_subrange_size:
1976 ':' constant_expression
1977 { $$ = $2; }
1978 ;
1979
1980enum_type: // enum
1981 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1982 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1983 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1984 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1985 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1986 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1987 | enum_type_nobody
1988 ;
1989
1990enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1991 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1992 {
1993 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1994 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1995 }
1996 ;
1997
1998enumerator_list:
1999 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2000 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2001 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2002 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2003 ;
2004
2005enumerator_value_opt:
2006 // empty
2007 { $$ = nullptr; }
2008 | '=' constant_expression
2009 { $$ = $2; }
2010 ;
2011
2012cfa_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2013 // empty
2014 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2015 | ELLIPSIS
2016 { $$ = nullptr; }
2017 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2018 | cfa_parameter_list
2019 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2020 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2021 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2022 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2023 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2024 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2025 ;
2026
2027cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2028 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2029 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2030 cfa_parameter_declaration
2031 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2032 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2033 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2034 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2035 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2036 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2037 ;
2038
2039cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2040 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2041 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2042 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2043 ;
2044
2045parameter_type_list_opt:
2046 // empty
2047 { $$ = nullptr; }
2048 | ELLIPSIS
2049 { $$ = nullptr; }
2050 | parameter_list
2051 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2052 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2053 ;
2054
2055parameter_list: // abstract + real
2056 abstract_parameter_declaration
2057 | parameter_declaration
2058 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2059 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2060 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2061 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2062 ;
2063
2064// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2065// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2066
2067cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2068 parameter_declaration
2069 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2070 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2071 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2072 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2073 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2074 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2075 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2076 | cfa_function_specifier
2077 ;
2078
2079cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2080 abstract_parameter_declaration
2081 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2082 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2083 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2084 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2085 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2086 | cfa_abstract_function
2087 ;
2088
2089parameter_declaration:
2090 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2091 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2092 {
2093 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2094 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2095 }
2096 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2097 {
2098 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2099 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2100 }
2101 ;
2102
2103abstract_parameter_declaration:
2104 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2105 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2106 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2107 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2108 ;
2109
2110// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2111// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2112// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2113
2114identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2115 no_attr_identifier
2116 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2117 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2118 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2119 ;
2120
2121identifier_or_type_name:
2122 identifier
2123 | TYPEDEFname
2124 | TYPEGENname
2125 ;
2126
2127no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2128 no_attr_identifier
2129 | TYPEDEFname
2130 | TYPEGENname
2131 ;
2132
2133type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2134 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2135 | type_specifier
2136 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2137 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2138 ;
2139
2140type: // typeof, assertion
2141 type_no_function
2142 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2143 ;
2144
2145initializer_opt:
2146 // empty
2147 { $$ = nullptr; }
2148 | '=' initializer
2149 { $$ = $2; }
2150 | '=' VOID
2151 { $$ = nullptr; }
2152 | ATassign initializer
2153 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2154 ;
2155
2156initializer:
2157 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2158 | '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2159 ;
2160
2161initializer_list:
2162 // empty
2163 { $$ = nullptr; }
2164 | initializer
2165 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2166 | initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2167 | initializer_list ',' designation initializer
2168 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2169 ;
2170
2171// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2172// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2173//
2174// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2175//
2176// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2177// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2178// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2179// shift/reduce conflicts
2180
2181designation:
2182 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2183 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2184 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2185 ;
2186
2187designator_list: // C99
2188 designator
2189 | designator_list designator
2190 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2191 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2192 ;
2193
2194designator:
2195 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2196 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2197 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2198 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2199 { $$ = $3; }
2200 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2201 { $$ = $3; }
2202 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2203 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2204 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2205 { $$ = $4; }
2206 ;
2207
2208// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2209// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2210//
2211// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2212//
2213// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2214// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2215// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2216//
2217// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2218// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2219//
2220// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2221// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2222// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2223// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2224// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2225
2226type_parameter_list: // CFA
2227 type_parameter
2228 { $$ = $1; }
2229 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2230 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2231 ;
2232
2233type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2234 // empty
2235 { $$ = nullptr; }
2236 | '=' type
2237 { $$ = $2; }
2238 ;
2239
2240type_parameter: // CFA
2241 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2242 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
2243 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2244 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2245 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2246 | assertion_list
2247 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2248 ;
2249
2250type_class: // CFA
2251 OTYPE
2252 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2253 | DTYPE
2254 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2255 | FTYPE
2256 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2257 | TTYPE
2258 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2259 ;
2260
2261assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2262 // empty
2263 { $$ = nullptr; }
2264 | assertion_list
2265 ;
2266
2267assertion_list: // CFA
2268 assertion
2269 | assertion_list assertion
2270 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2271 ;
2272
2273assertion: // CFA
2274 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2275 {
2276 typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
2277 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
2278 }
2279 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
2280 { $$ = $4; }
2281 | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_list ')'
2282 { $$ = nullptr; }
2283 ;
2284
2285type_list: // CFA
2286 type
2287 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2288 | assignment_expression
2289 | type_list ',' type
2290 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2291 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2292 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2293 ;
2294
2295type_declaring_list: // CFA
2296 OTYPE type_declarator
2297 { $$ = $2; }
2298 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2299 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2300 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2301 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2302 ;
2303
2304type_declarator: // CFA
2305 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2306 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2307 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2308 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2309 ;
2310
2311type_declarator_name: // CFA
2312 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2313 {
2314 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
2315 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2316 }
2317 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
2318 {
2319 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
2320 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
2321 }
2322 ;
2323
2324trait_specifier: // CFA
2325 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
2326 {
2327 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2328 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
2329 }
2330 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
2331 {
2332 typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
2333 typedefTable.enterScope();
2334 }
2335 trait_declaration_list '}'
2336 {
2337 typedefTable.leaveTrait();
2338 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2339 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
2340 }
2341 ;
2342
2343trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2344 trait_declaration
2345 | trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
2346 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2347 ;
2348
2349trait_declaration: // CFA
2350 cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2351 | trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2352 ;
2353
2354cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2355 cfa_variable_specifier
2356 {
2357 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2358 $$ = $1;
2359 }
2360 | cfa_function_specifier
2361 {
2362 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2363 $$ = $1;
2364 }
2365 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2366 {
2367 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
2368 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
2369 }
2370 ;
2371
2372trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2373 type_specifier declarator
2374 {
2375 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2376 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
2377 }
2378 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2379 {
2380 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2381 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
2382 }
2383 ;
2384
2385//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2386
2387translation_unit:
2388 // empty
2389 {} // empty input file
2390 | external_definition_list
2391 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2392 ;
2393
2394external_definition_list:
2395 external_definition
2396 | external_definition_list
2397 { forall = xxx; }
2398 push external_definition
2399 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $4 ) : $4; }
2400 ;
2401
2402external_definition_list_opt:
2403 // empty
2404 { $$ = nullptr; }
2405 | external_definition_list
2406 ;
2407
2408external_definition:
2409 declaration
2410 | external_function_definition
2411 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2412 {
2413 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2414 }
2415 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2416 {
2417 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2418 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2419 }
2420 '{' external_definition_list_opt '}'
2421 {
2422 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2423 linkageStack.pop();
2424 $$ = $5;
2425 }
2426 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2427 {
2428 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2429 $$ = $2;
2430 }
2431 | type_qualifier_list
2432 {
2433 if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2434 }
2435 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2436 {
2437 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2438 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2439 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2440 } // if
2441 } // for
2442 xxx = false;
2443 delete $1;
2444 $$ = $5;
2445 }
2446 | declaration_qualifier_list
2447 {
2448 if ( $1->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2449 }
2450 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2451 {
2452 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $5; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2453 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2454 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2455 } // if
2456 } // for
2457 xxx = false;
2458 delete $1;
2459 $$ = $5;
2460 }
2461 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2462 {
2463 // forall must be in the type_qualifier_list
2464 if ( $2->type->forall ) xxx = forall = true; // remember generic type
2465 }
2466 push '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2467 {
2468 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = $6; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
2469 if ( isMangled( iter->linkage ) && isMangled( $2->linkage ) ) { // ignore extern "C"
2470 iter->addQualifiers( $1->clone() );
2471 iter->addQualifiers( $2->clone() );
2472 } // if
2473 } // for
2474 xxx = false;
2475 delete $1;
2476 delete $2;
2477 $$ = $6;
2478 }
2479 ;
2480
2481external_function_definition:
2482 function_definition
2483 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2484 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2485 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2486 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2487 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2488 | function_declarator compound_statement
2489 {
2490 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2491 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2492 $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
2493 }
2494 | KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
2495 {
2496 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2497 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2498 $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 );
2499 }
2500 ;
2501
2502with_clause_opt:
2503 // empty
2504 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2505 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2506 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2507 ;
2508
2509function_definition:
2510 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2511 {
2512 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2513 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2514 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2515 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2516 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2517 $$ = $1;
2518 }
2519 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2520 {
2521 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2522 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2523 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2524 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2525 }
2526 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2527 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2528 {
2529 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2530 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2531 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2532 }
2533 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2534 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2535 {
2536 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2537 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2538 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2539 }
2540 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2541 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2542 {
2543 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2544 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2545 $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2546 }
2547
2548 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2549 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2550 {
2551 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2552 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2553 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2554 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2555 }
2556 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2557 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2558 {
2559 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2560 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2561 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2562 }
2563 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2564 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2565 {
2566 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2567 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2568 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2569 }
2570 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2571 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2572 {
2573 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2574 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2575 $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2576 }
2577 ;
2578
2579declarator:
2580 variable_declarator
2581 | variable_type_redeclarator
2582 | function_declarator
2583 ;
2584
2585subrange:
2586 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2587 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2588 ;
2589
2590asm_name_opt: // GCC
2591 // empty
2592 { $$ = nullptr; }
2593 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2594 {
2595 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2596 name->asmName = $3;
2597 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2598 }
2599 ;
2600
2601attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2602 // empty
2603 { $$ = nullptr; }
2604 | attribute_list
2605 ;
2606
2607attribute_list: // GCC
2608 attribute
2609 | attribute_list attribute
2610 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2611 ;
2612
2613attribute: // GCC
2614 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2615 { $$ = $4; }
2616 ;
2617
2618attribute_name_list: // GCC
2619 attribute_name
2620 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2621 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2622 ;
2623
2624attribute_name: // GCC
2625 // empty
2626 { $$ = nullptr; }
2627 | attr_name
2628 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2629 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2630 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2631 ;
2632
2633attr_name: // GCC
2634 IDENTIFIER
2635 | quasi_keyword
2636 | TYPEDEFname
2637 | TYPEGENname
2638 | FALLTHROUGH
2639 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2640 | CONST
2641 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2642 ;
2643
2644// ============================================================================
2645// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2646// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2647// in:
2648//
2649// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2650// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2651//
2652// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2653// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2654// ============================================================================
2655
2656// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2657// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2658// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2659//
2660// valid declaration invalid definition
2661// ----------------- ------------------
2662// int f; int f {}
2663// int *f; int *f {}
2664// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2665// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2666//
2667// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2668// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2669// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2670
2671// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2672// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2673
2674variable_declarator:
2675 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2676 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2677 | variable_ptr
2678 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2679 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2680 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2681 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2682 ;
2683
2684paren_identifier:
2685 identifier
2686 {
2687 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2688 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2689 }
2690 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2691 { $$ = $2; }
2692 ;
2693
2694variable_ptr:
2695 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2696 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2697 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2698 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2699 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2700 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2701 ;
2702
2703variable_array:
2704 paren_identifier array_dimension
2705 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2706 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2707 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2708 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2709 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2710 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2711 { $$ = $2; }
2712 ;
2713
2714variable_function:
2715 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2716 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2717 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2718 { $$ = $2; }
2719 ;
2720
2721// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2722// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2723// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2724
2725function_declarator:
2726 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2727 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2728 | function_ptr
2729 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2730 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2731 ;
2732
2733function_no_ptr:
2734 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2735 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2736 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2737 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2738 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2739 { $$ = $2; }
2740 ;
2741
2742function_ptr:
2743 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2744 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2745 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2746 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2747 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2748 { $$ = $2; }
2749 ;
2750
2751function_array:
2752 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2753 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2754 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2755 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2756 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2757 { $$ = $2; }
2758 ;
2759
2760// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2761//
2762// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2763//
2764// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2765// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2766
2767KR_function_declarator:
2768 KR_function_no_ptr
2769 | KR_function_ptr
2770 | KR_function_array
2771 ;
2772
2773KR_function_no_ptr:
2774 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2775 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2776 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2777 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2778 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2779 { $$ = $2; }
2780 ;
2781
2782KR_function_ptr:
2783 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2784 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2785 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2786 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2787 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2788 { $$ = $2; }
2789 ;
2790
2791KR_function_array:
2792 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2793 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2794 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2795 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2796 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2797 { $$ = $2; }
2798 ;
2799
2800// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2801//
2802// typedef int foo;
2803// {
2804// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2805// }
2806//
2807// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2808// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2809
2810variable_type_redeclarator:
2811 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2812 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2813 | type_ptr
2814 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2815 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2816 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2817 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2818 ;
2819
2820paren_type:
2821 typedef
2822 | '(' paren_type ')'
2823 { $$ = $2; }
2824 ;
2825
2826type_ptr:
2827 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2828 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2829 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2830 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2831 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2832 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2833 ;
2834
2835type_array:
2836 paren_type array_dimension
2837 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2838 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2839 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2840 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2841 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2842 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2843 { $$ = $2; }
2844 ;
2845
2846type_function:
2847 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2848 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2849 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2850 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2851 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2852 { $$ = $2; }
2853 ;
2854
2855// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2856// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2857// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2858// pointers to arrays and functions.
2859
2860identifier_parameter_declarator:
2861 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2862 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2863 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2864 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2865 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2866 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2867 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2868 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2869 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2870 ;
2871
2872identifier_parameter_ptr:
2873 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2874 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2875 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2876 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2877 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2878 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2879 ;
2880
2881identifier_parameter_array:
2882 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2883 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2884 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2885 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2886 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2887 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2888 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2889 { $$ = $2; }
2890 ;
2891
2892identifier_parameter_function:
2893 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2894 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2895 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2896 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2897 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2898 { $$ = $2; }
2899 ;
2900
2901// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2902// e.g.:
2903//
2904// typedef int foo;
2905// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2906// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2907//
2908// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2909
2910type_parameter_redeclarator:
2911 typedef attribute_list_opt
2912 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2913 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2914 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2915 | type_parameter_ptr
2916 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2917 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2918 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2919 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2920 ;
2921
2922typedef:
2923 TYPEDEFname
2924 {
2925 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2926 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2927 }
2928 | TYPEGENname
2929 {
2930 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2931 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2932 }
2933 ;
2934
2935type_parameter_ptr:
2936 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2937 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2938 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2939 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2940 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2941 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2942 ;
2943
2944type_parameter_array:
2945 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2946 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2947 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2948 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2949 ;
2950
2951type_parameter_function:
2952 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2953 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2954 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2955 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2956 ;
2957
2958// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2959// which the type applies, e.g.:
2960//
2961// sizeof( int );
2962// sizeof( int * );
2963// sizeof( int [10] );
2964// sizeof( int (*)() );
2965// sizeof( int () );
2966//
2967// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2968// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2969
2970abstract_declarator:
2971 abstract_ptr
2972 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2973 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2974 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2975 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2976 ;
2977
2978abstract_ptr:
2979 ptrref_operator
2980 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2981 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2982 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2983 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2984 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2985 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2986 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2987 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2988 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2989 ;
2990
2991abstract_array:
2992 array_dimension
2993 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2994 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2995 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2996 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2997 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2998 { $$ = $2; }
2999 ;
3000
3001abstract_function:
3002 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3003 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3004 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3005 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3006 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3007 { $$ = $2; }
3008 ;
3009
3010array_dimension:
3011 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3012 '[' ']'
3013 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3014 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3015 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3016 | multi_array_dimension
3017 ;
3018
3019multi_array_dimension:
3020 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3021 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3022 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3023 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3024 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3025 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3026 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3027 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3028 ;
3029
3030// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3031// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3032//
3033// int f( int ); // not handled here
3034// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3035// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3036// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3037//
3038// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3039// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3040// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3041//
3042// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3043// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3044// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3045//
3046// For example:
3047//
3048// typedef float T;
3049// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3050// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3051// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3052// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3053//
3054// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3055// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3056// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3057// functions.
3058
3059abstract_parameter_declarator:
3060 abstract_parameter_ptr
3061 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3062 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3063 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3064 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3065 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3066 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3067 ;
3068
3069abstract_parameter_ptr:
3070 ptrref_operator
3071 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3072 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3073 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3074 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3075 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3076 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3077 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3078 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3079 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3080 ;
3081
3082abstract_parameter_array:
3083 array_parameter_dimension
3084 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3085 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3086 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3087 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3088 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3089 { $$ = $2; }
3090 ;
3091
3092abstract_parameter_function:
3093 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3094 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3095 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3096 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3097 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3098 { $$ = $2; }
3099 ;
3100
3101array_parameter_dimension:
3102 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3103 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3104 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3105 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3106 | multi_array_dimension
3107 ;
3108
3109// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3110//
3111// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3112// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3113
3114array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3115 '[' ']'
3116 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3117 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3118 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3119 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3120 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3121 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3122 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3123 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3124 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3125 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3126 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3127 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3128 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3129 ;
3130
3131// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3132//
3133// struct S {
3134// int;
3135// int *;
3136// int [10];
3137// int (*)();
3138// };
3139
3140variable_abstract_declarator:
3141 variable_abstract_ptr
3142 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3143 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3144 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3145 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3146 ;
3147
3148variable_abstract_ptr:
3149 ptrref_operator
3150 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3151 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3152 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3153 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3154 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3155 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3156 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3157 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3158 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3159 ;
3160
3161variable_abstract_array:
3162 array_dimension
3163 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3164 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3165 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3166 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3167 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3168 { $$ = $2; }
3169 ;
3170
3171variable_abstract_function:
3172 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3173 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3174 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3175 { $$ = $2; }
3176 ;
3177
3178// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3179// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3180
3181cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3182 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3183 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3184 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3185 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3186 ;
3187
3188cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3189 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3190 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3191 ;
3192
3193cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3194 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3195 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3196 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3197 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3198 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3199 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3200 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3201 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3202 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3203 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3204 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3205 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3206 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3207 ;
3208
3209cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3210 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3211 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3212 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3213 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3214 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3215 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3216 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3217 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3218 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3219 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3220 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3221 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3222
3223 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3224 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3225 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3226 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3227 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3228 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3229 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3230 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3231 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3232 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3233 ;
3234
3235cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3236 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3237 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3238 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3239 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3240 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3241 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3242 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3243 // appear in this context.
3244 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3245 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3246 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3247 ;
3248
3249// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3250// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3251//
3252// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3253// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3254//
3255// These rules need LR(3):
3256//
3257// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3258// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3259//
3260// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3261//
3262// [int, int] t;
3263// [int, int] f( int );
3264//
3265// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3266// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3267// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3268// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3269
3270cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3271 cfa_abstract_tuple
3272 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3273 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3274 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3275 ;
3276
3277cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3278 cfa_abstract_ptr
3279 | cfa_abstract_array
3280 ;
3281
3282cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3283 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3284 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3285 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3286 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3287 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3288 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3289 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3290 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3291 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3292 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3293 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3294 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3295 ;
3296
3297cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3298 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3299 // empty (void) function return type.
3300 '[' ']' type_specifier
3301 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3302 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3303 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3304 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3305 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3306 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3307 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3308 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3309 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3310 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3311 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3312 ;
3313
3314cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3315 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3316 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3317 ;
3318
3319cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3320// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3321// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3322 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3323 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3324 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3325 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3326 ;
3327
3328// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3329// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3330//
3331// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3332// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3333//
3334// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3335// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3336//
3337// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3338// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3339
3340//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3341
3342comma_opt: // redundant comma
3343 // empty
3344 | ','
3345 ;
3346
3347default_initialize_opt:
3348 // empty
3349 { $$ = nullptr; }
3350 | '=' assignment_expression
3351 { $$ = $2; }
3352 ;
3353
3354%%
3355// ----end of grammar----
3356
3357// Local Variables: //
3358// mode: c++ //
3359// tab-width: 4 //
3360// compile-command: "make install" //
3361// End: //
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