source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 2d95a2d

ADT arm-eh ast-experimental enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation new-ast-unique-expr pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since 2d95a2d was f9c3100, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 5 years ago

refactor assignment_operator, limit aggregate name to unqualified name, add new syntax for enumerated-type extensions and enum initialization, rename typedef rule to typedef_name

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 143.3 KB
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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Tue Mar 23 20:56:24 2021
13// Update Count : 4929
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT( yylval ) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "SynTree/Declaration.h"
54#include "ParseNode.h"
55#include "TypedefTable.h"
56#include "TypeData.h"
57#include "SynTree/LinkageSpec.h"
58#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
59#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
60
61extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
62extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
63extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
64
65stack<LinkageSpec::Spec> linkageStack;
66
67bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
68 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
69 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
70 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
71 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
72 //
73 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
74 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
75 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
76
77 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
79 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
80 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
81 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
82 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
83 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
84 } // if
85 } else {
86 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
87 to = "u8" + to;
88 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
89 } else {
90 to = from[0] + to;
91 } // if
92 } // if
93 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
94 } // if
95 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
96 return true;
97} // appendStr
98
99DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
100 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
101 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast<DeclarationNode *>( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106 return declList;
107} // distAttr
108
109void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
110 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
111 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
112 iter->set_extension( true );
113 } // for
114} // distExt
115
116void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
117 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
118 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
119 iter->set_inLine( true );
120 } // for
121} // distInl
122
123void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
124 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
125 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
126 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
127 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
128 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
129 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
130 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
131 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
132 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
133 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
134 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
135 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
136 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
137 DeclarationNode newnode;
138 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
139 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
140 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
141 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
142 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
143 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
144 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
145 } // if
146 } else { // just SC qualifiers
147 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
148 } // if
149 } // for
150 delete qualifiers;
151} // distQual
152
153// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
154// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
155// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
156// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
157// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
158// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
159// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
160
161void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
162 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
163 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
164 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
165 } // if
166} // rebindForall
167
168string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
169 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
170 return name;
171} // build_postfix_name
172
173DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
174 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
175 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && (typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate || typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Enum) ) ) {
176 stringstream ss;
177 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
178 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
179 return nullptr;
180 } // if
181 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
182 } // if
183 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
184} // fieldDecl
185
186ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
187 ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
188 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
189 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
190 } // if
191 return new ForCtrl(
192 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
193 // NULL comp/inc => leave blank
194 comp ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ) : 0,
195 inc ? new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
196 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) : 0 );
197} // forCtrl
198
199ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
200 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
201 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
202 } else if ( CommaExpr * commaExpr = dynamic_cast<CommaExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
203 if ( NameExpr * identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>(commaExpr->arg1 ) ) {
204 return forCtrl( type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
205 } else {
206 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
207 } // if
208 } else {
209 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed." ); return nullptr;
210 } // if
211} // forCtrl
212
213bool forall = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
214
215// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
216#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
217if ( N ) { \
218 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
219 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
220 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
221 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
222 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
223} else { \
224 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
225 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
226 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
227}
228%}
229
230%define parse.error verbose
231
232// Types declaration for productions
233%union {
234 Token tok;
235 ParseNode * pn;
236 ExpressionNode * en;
237 DeclarationNode * decl;
238 AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
239 TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
240 StatementNode * sn;
241 WaitForStmt * wfs;
242 Expression * constant;
243 IfCtrl * ifctl;
244 ForCtrl * fctl;
245 enum OperKinds compop;
246 LabelNode * label;
247 InitializerNode * in;
248 OperKinds op;
249 std::string * str;
250 bool flag;
251 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
252 GenericExpr * genexpr;
253}
254
255//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
256
257// keywords
258%token TYPEDEF
259%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
260%token THREADLOCAL // C11
261%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
262%token NORETURN // C11
263%token CONST VOLATILE
264%token RESTRICT // C99
265%token ATOMIC // C11
266%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL COERCE // CFA
267%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
268%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
269%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
270%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
271%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
272%token VALIST // GCC
273%token AUTO_TYPE // GCC
274%token TYPEOF BASETYPEOF LABEL // GCC
275%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
276%token EXCEPTION // CFA
277%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
278%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
279%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
280// %token RESUME // CFA
281%token SUSPEND // CFA
282%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
283%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
284%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
285%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
286%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
287
288// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
289%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
290%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR CATCH RECOVER CATCHRESUME FIXUP FINALLY // CFA
291%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
292%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
293// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
294// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
295// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
296%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
297
298// multi-character operators
299%token ARROW // ->
300%token ICR DECR // ++ --
301%token LS RS // << >>
302%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
303%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
304%token ELLIPSIS // ...
305
306%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
307%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
308%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
309%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
310
311%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
312%token ATassign // @=
313
314%type<tok> identifier
315%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name attr_name
316%type<tok> quasi_keyword
317%type<constant> string_literal
318%type<str> string_literal_list
319
320// expressions
321%type<en> constant
322%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
323%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator simple_assignment_operator compound_assignment_operator
324%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
325%type<en> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
326%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
327%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
328%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
329%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
330%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
331%type<en> argument_expression_list_opt argument_expression default_initializer_opt
332%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
333%type<fctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
334%type<compop> inclexcl
335%type<en> subrange
336%type<decl> asm_name_opt
337%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
338%type<label> label_list
339%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
340%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
341%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
342%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
343
344// statements
345%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
346%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
347%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
348%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
349%type<en> case_value
350%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
351%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
352%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
353%type<sn> with_statement
354%type<en> with_clause_opt
355%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
356%type<catch_kind> handler_key
357%type<sn> mutex_statement
358%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
359%type<sn> waitfor_statement
360%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
361
362// declarations
363%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
364%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
365%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
366
367%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
368%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
369
370%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
371
372%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
373
374%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
375
376%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
377
378%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
379%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
380
381%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
382
383%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
384%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
385
386%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
387
388%type<decl> exception_declaration
389
390%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
391%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
392
393%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
394
395%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
396%type<decl> identifier_list
397
398%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
399%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
400%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
401
402%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
403
404%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
405%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
406
407%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
408%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
409
410%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
411
412%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
413
414%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
415%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
416%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
417
418%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
419
420%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
421
422%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
423
424%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
425
426%type<tclass> type_class new_type_class
427%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
428
429%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
430%type<decl> typedef_name typedef_declaration typedef_expression
431
432%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
433
434%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
435
436%type<decl> type type_no_function
437%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
438
439%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
440
441%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
442%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
443
444%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
445%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
446
447%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute attribute_name_list attribute_name
448
449// initializers
450%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
451
452// designators
453%type<en> designator designator_list designation
454
455
456// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
457// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
458// if ( C ) S1 else S2
459// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
460// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
461
462// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
463// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
464%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
465%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
466%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
467%precedence CATCH // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
468%precedence RECOVER // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
469%precedence CATCHRESUME // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
470%precedence FIXUP // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
471%precedence FINALLY // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
472%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
473
474
475// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
476// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
477// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
478// Foo ( *fp )( int );
479// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
480// must be:
481// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
482// The same problem occurs here:
483// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
484// must be:
485// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
486
487// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
488%precedence TYPEGENname
489%precedence '}'
490%precedence '('
491
492// %precedence RESUME
493// %precedence '{'
494// %precedence ')'
495
496%locations // support location tracking for error messages
497
498%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
499
500%%
501//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
502
503// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
504// which are lexically identical.
505//
506// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
507// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
508//
509// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
510// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
511// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
512// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
513// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
514//
515// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
516// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
517// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
518// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
519// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
520// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
521// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
522//
523// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
524// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
525// around the list separator.
526//
527// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
528// push pop push pop
529
530push:
531 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
532 ;
533
534pop:
535 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
536 ;
537
538//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
539
540constant:
541 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
542 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
543 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
544 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
545 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
546 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
547 ;
548
549quasi_keyword: // CFA
550 TIMEOUT
551 | WOR
552 | CATCH
553 | RECOVER
554 | CATCHRESUME
555 | FIXUP
556 | FINALLY
557 ;
558
559identifier:
560 IDENTIFIER
561 | quasi_keyword
562 | '@' // CFA
563 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
564 ;
565
566string_literal:
567 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
568 ;
569
570string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
571 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
572 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
573 {
574 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
575 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
576 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
577 }
578 ;
579
580//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
581
582primary_expression:
583 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
584 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
585 | quasi_keyword
586 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
587 | tuple
588 | '(' comma_expression ')'
589 { $$ = $2; }
590 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
591 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast<CompoundStmt *>(maybeMoveBuild<Statement>($2) ) ) ); }
592 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
593 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
594 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
595 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
596 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
597 {
598 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
599 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
600 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
601 }
602 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
603 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
604 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
605 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
606 ;
607
608generic_assoc_list: // C11
609 generic_association
610 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
611 {
612 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
613 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
614 delete $3;
615 $$ = $1;
616 }
617 ;
618
619generic_association: // C11
620 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
621 {
622 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
623 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) } } );
624 }
625 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
626 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) } } ); }
627 ;
628
629postfix_expression:
630 primary_expression
631 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ',' comma_expression ']'
632 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $3, $5 ) ) ) ); }
633 { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array subscript is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
634 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
635 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
636 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
637 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
638 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
639 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
640 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, constructor call
641 {
642 Token fn;
643 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
644 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
645 }
646 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
647 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
648 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
649 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
650 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
651 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
652 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
653 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
654 | postfix_expression '.' identifier
655 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
656 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
658 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
659 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
660 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
661 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
662 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
663 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $3, $1 ) ); }
664 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
665 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
666 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
667 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
668 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
669 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
670 | postfix_expression ICR
671 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
672 | postfix_expression DECR
673 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
674 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
675 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
676 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
677 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
678 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, destructor call
679 {
680 Token fn;
681 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
682 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
683 }
684 ;
685
686argument_expression_list_opt:
687 // empty
688 { $$ = nullptr; }
689 | argument_expression
690 | argument_expression_list_opt ',' argument_expression
691 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
692 ;
693
694argument_expression:
695 '@' // CFA, default parameter
696 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
697 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
698 | assignment_expression
699 ;
700
701field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
702 field
703 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
704 ;
705
706field: // CFA, tuple field selector
707 field_name
708 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
709 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
710 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
711 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
712 | field_name '.' field
713 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
714 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
715 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
716 | field_name ARROW field
717 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
718 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
719 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
720 ;
721
722field_name:
723 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
724 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
725 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
726 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
727 | identifier fraction_constants_opt
728 {
729 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
730 }
731 ;
732
733fraction_constants_opt:
734 // empty
735 { $$ = nullptr; }
736 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
737 {
738 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
739 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
740 }
741 ;
742
743unary_expression:
744 postfix_expression
745 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
746 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
747 | constant
748 | string_literal
749 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
750 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
751 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
752 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
753 // { * X; } // dereference X
754 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
755 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
756 {
757 switch ( $1 ) {
758 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
759 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) );
760 break;
761 case OperKinds::PointTo:
762 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
763 break;
764 case OperKinds::And:
765 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ) );
766 break;
767 default:
768 assert( false );
769 }
770 }
771 | unary_operator cast_expression
772 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
773 | ICR unary_expression
774 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
775 | DECR unary_expression
776 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
777 | SIZEOF unary_expression
778 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
779 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
780 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
781 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
782 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
783 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
784 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
785 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
786 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
787 ;
788
789ptrref_operator:
790 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
791 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
792 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
793 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
794 ;
795
796unary_operator:
797 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
798 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
799 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
800 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
801 ;
802
803cast_expression:
804 unary_expression
805 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
806 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
807 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
808 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( $2, $5 ) ); }
809 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
810 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
811 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
812 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
813 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
814 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Return cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
815 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
816 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
817 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
818 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
819// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
820// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
821 ;
822
823qualifier_cast_list:
824 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
825 | cast_modifier MUTEX
826 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
827 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
828 ;
829
830cast_modifier:
831 '-'
832 | '+'
833 ;
834
835exponential_expression:
836 cast_expression
837 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
838 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
839 ;
840
841multiplicative_expression:
842 exponential_expression
843 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
844 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
845 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
846 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
847 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
848 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
849 ;
850
851additive_expression:
852 multiplicative_expression
853 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
854 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
855 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
856 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
857 ;
858
859shift_expression:
860 additive_expression
861 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
862 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
863 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
864 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
865 ;
866
867relational_expression:
868 shift_expression
869 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
870 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
871 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
872 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
873 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
874 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
875 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
876 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
877 ;
878
879equality_expression:
880 relational_expression
881 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
882 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
883 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
884 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
885 ;
886
887AND_expression:
888 equality_expression
889 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
890 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
891 ;
892
893exclusive_OR_expression:
894 AND_expression
895 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
896 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
897 ;
898
899inclusive_OR_expression:
900 exclusive_OR_expression
901 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
902 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
903 ;
904
905logical_AND_expression:
906 inclusive_OR_expression
907 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
908 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
909 ;
910
911logical_OR_expression:
912 logical_AND_expression
913 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
914 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
915 ;
916
917conditional_expression:
918 logical_OR_expression
919 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
920 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
921 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
922 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
923 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
924 ;
925
926constant_expression:
927 conditional_expression
928 ;
929
930assignment_expression:
931 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
932 conditional_expression
933 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
934 {
935// if ( $2 == OperKinds::AtAssn ) {
936// SemanticError( yylloc, "C @= assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
937// } else {
938 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) );
939// } // if
940 }
941 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
942 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
943 ;
944
945assignment_expression_opt:
946 // empty
947 { $$ = nullptr; }
948 | assignment_expression
949 ;
950
951assignment_operator:
952 simple_assignment_operator
953 | compound_assignment_operator
954 ;
955
956simple_assignment_operator:
957 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
958 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; } // CFA
959 ;
960
961compound_assignment_operator:
962 EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
963 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
964 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
965 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
966 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
967 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
968 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
969 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
970 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
971 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
972 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
973 ;
974
975tuple: // CFA, tuple
976 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
977 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
978// '[' ']'
979// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
980// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
981// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
982 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
983 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
984 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
985 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $6 ) ) )); }
986 ;
987
988tuple_expression_list:
989 assignment_expression
990 | '@' // CFA
991 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
992 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression
993 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
994 | tuple_expression_list ',' '@'
995 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
996 ;
997
998comma_expression:
999 assignment_expression
1000 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
1001 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1002 ;
1003
1004comma_expression_opt:
1005 // empty
1006 { $$ = nullptr; }
1007 | comma_expression
1008 ;
1009
1010//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
1011
1012statement:
1013 labeled_statement
1014 | compound_statement
1015 | expression_statement
1016 | selection_statement
1017 | iteration_statement
1018 | jump_statement
1019 | with_statement
1020 | mutex_statement
1021 | waitfor_statement
1022 | exception_statement
1023 | enable_disable_statement
1024 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1025 | asm_statement
1026 | DIRECTIVE
1027 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
1028 ;
1029
1030labeled_statement:
1031 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1032 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1033 { $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 ); }
1034 ;
1035
1036compound_statement:
1037 '{' '}'
1038 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1039 | '{' push
1040 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels appear at start of block
1041 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1042 pop '}'
1043 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
1044 ;
1045
1046statement_decl_list: // C99
1047 statement_decl
1048 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1049 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1050 ;
1051
1052statement_decl:
1053 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1054 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1055 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1056 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1057 | function_definition
1058 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1059 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1060 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1061 | statement
1062 ;
1063
1064statement_list_nodecl:
1065 statement
1066 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1067 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1068 ;
1069
1070expression_statement:
1071 comma_expression_opt ';'
1072 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1073 ;
1074
1075selection_statement:
1076 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1077 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1078 push if_statement pop
1079 { $$ = $2; }
1080 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1081 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1082 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1083 {
1084 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1085 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1086 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1087 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1088 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1089 // statement.
1090 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1091 }
1092 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1093 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1094 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1095 {
1096 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1097 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1098 }
1099 ;
1100
1101if_statement:
1102 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1103 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1104 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), nullptr ) ); }
1105 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1106 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, maybe_build_compound( $5 ), maybe_build_compound( $7 ) ) ); }
1107 ;
1108
1109if_control_expression:
1110 comma_expression
1111 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1112 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1113 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1114 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1115 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1116 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1117 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1118 ;
1119
1120// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1121// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1122
1123case_value: // CFA
1124 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1125 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1126 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1127 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1128 ;
1129
1130case_value_list: // CFA
1131 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1132 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1133 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1134 ;
1135
1136case_label: // CFA
1137 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1138 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1139 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1140 ;
1141
1142//label_list_opt:
1143// // empty
1144// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1145// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1146// ;
1147
1148case_label_list: // CFA
1149 case_label
1150 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1151 ;
1152
1153case_clause: // CFA
1154 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ); }
1155 ;
1156
1157switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1158 // empty
1159 { $$ = nullptr; }
1160 | switch_clause_list
1161 ;
1162
1163switch_clause_list: // CFA
1164 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1165 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1166 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1167 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1168 ;
1169
1170iteration_statement:
1171 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1172 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, maybe_build_compound( $6 ) ) ); }
1173 | WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1174 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1175 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1176 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1177 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1178 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), maybe_build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1179 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression_list ')' statement pop
1180 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, maybe_build_compound( $6 ) ) ); }
1181 | FOR '(' ')' statement // CFA => for ( ;; )
1182 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( $4 ) ) ); }
1183 ;
1184
1185for_control_expression_list:
1186 for_control_expression
1187 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1188 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1189 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1190 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1191 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1192 {
1193 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1194 if ( $1->condition ) {
1195 if ( $3->condition ) {
1196 $1->condition->expr.reset( new LogicalExpr( $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), true ) );
1197 } // if
1198 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1199 if ( $1->change ) {
1200 if ( $3->change ) {
1201 $1->change->expr.reset( new CommaExpr( $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1202 } // if
1203 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1204 $$ = $1;
1205 }
1206 ;
1207
1208for_control_expression:
1209 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1210 { $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1211 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1212 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1213 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1214 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1215
1216 | comma_expression // CFA
1217 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1218 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1219 | '=' comma_expression // CFA
1220 { $$ = forCtrl( $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1221 OperKinds::LEThan, $2->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1222 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1223 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1224 | comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1225 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1226 | comma_expression ';' // CFA
1227 { $$ = forCtrl( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0u" ) ) ), $1, nullptr, OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1228 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1229 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1230 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1231 | comma_expression ';' '=' comma_expression // CFA
1232 { $$ = forCtrl( $4, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1233 OperKinds::LEThan, $4->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1234 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression // CFA
1235 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1236 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression inclexcl comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1237 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 ); }
1238
1239 // There is a S/R conflicit if ~ and -~ are factored out.
1240 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1241 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1242 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' // CFA
1243 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1244 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1245 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1246 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression ErangeDown '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1247 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::GThan, nullptr, $7 ); }
1248 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression '~' '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1249 { $$ = forCtrl( $3, $1, $3->clone(), OperKinds::LThan, nullptr, nullptr ); }
1250 ;
1251
1252inclexcl:
1253 '~'
1254 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1255 | ErangeUpEq
1256 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1257 | ErangeDown
1258 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1259 | ErangeDownEq
1260 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1261 ;
1262
1263jump_statement:
1264 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1265 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1266 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1267 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1268 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1269 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1270 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1271 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1272 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1273 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1274 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1275 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1276 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1277 | CONTINUE ';'
1278 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1279 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1280 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1281 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1282 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1283 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1284 | BREAK ';'
1285 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1286 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1287 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1288 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1289 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1290 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1291 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1292 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1293 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1294 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1295 | SUSPEND ';'
1296 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr ) ); }
1297 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1298 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $2 ) ); }
1299 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1300 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1301 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1302 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1303 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1304 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( nullptr, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1305 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1306 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( $3, SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1307 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1308 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1309 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1310 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1311 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1312 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1313 ;
1314
1315fall_through_name: // CFA
1316 FALLTHRU
1317 | FALLTHROUGH
1318 ;
1319
1320with_statement:
1321 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1322 {
1323 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1324 }
1325 ;
1326
1327// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1328mutex_statement:
1329 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')' statement
1330 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1331 ;
1332
1333when_clause:
1334 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1335 ;
1336
1337when_clause_opt:
1338 // empty
1339 { $$ = nullptr; }
1340 | when_clause
1341 ;
1342
1343waitfor:
1344 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1345 { $$ = $3; }
1346// | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1347// { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1348 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1349 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($3->set_last( $5 )); }
1350 ;
1351
1352cast_expression_list:
1353 cast_expression
1354 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1355 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1356 { SemanticError( yylloc, "List of mutex member is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1357 ;
1358
1359timeout:
1360 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1361 ;
1362
1363waitfor_clause:
1364 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1365 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1366 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1367 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, $5 ); }
1368 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1369 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1370 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1371 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1 ); }
1372 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1373 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1374 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1375 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1376 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, maybe_build_compound( $3 ), $1, maybe_build_compound( $7 ), $5 ); }
1377 ;
1378
1379waitfor_statement:
1380 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1381 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1382 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1383 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1384 ;
1385
1386exception_statement:
1387 TRY compound_statement handler_clause %prec THEN
1388 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1389 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1390 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1391 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1392 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1393 ;
1394
1395handler_clause:
1396 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1397 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1398 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1399 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1400 ;
1401
1402handler_predicate_opt:
1403 // empty
1404 { $$ = nullptr; }
1405 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1406 ;
1407
1408handler_key:
1409 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1410 | RECOVER { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1411 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1412 | FIXUP { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1413 ;
1414
1415finally_clause:
1416 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1417 ;
1418
1419exception_declaration:
1420 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1421 type_specifier_nobody
1422 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1423 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1424 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1425 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1426 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1427 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1428 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1429 ;
1430
1431enable_disable_statement:
1432 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1433 ;
1434
1435enable_disable_key:
1436 ENABLE
1437 | DISABLE
1438 ;
1439
1440asm_statement:
1441 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1442 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1443 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1444 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1445 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1446 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1447 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1448 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1449 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1450 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1451 ;
1452
1453asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1454 // empty
1455 { $$ = false; }
1456 | VOLATILE
1457 { $$ = true; }
1458 ;
1459
1460asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1461 // empty
1462 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1463 | asm_operands_list
1464 ;
1465
1466asm_operands_list: // GCC
1467 asm_operand
1468 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1469 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $3 )); }
1470 ;
1471
1472asm_operand: // GCC
1473 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1474 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( nullptr, $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
1475 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1476 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( $2, $4, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $6 ) ) ); }
1477 ;
1478
1479asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1480 // empty
1481 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1482 | string_literal
1483 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1484 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1485 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) )); }
1486 ;
1487
1488label_list:
1489 identifier
1490 {
1491 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1492 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1493 }
1494 | label_list ',' identifier
1495 {
1496 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1497 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1498 }
1499 ;
1500
1501//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1502
1503declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1504 // empty
1505 { $$ = nullptr; }
1506 | declaration_list
1507 ;
1508
1509declaration_list:
1510 declaration
1511 | declaration_list declaration
1512 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1513 ;
1514
1515KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1516 // empty
1517 { $$ = nullptr; }
1518 | KR_parameter_list
1519 ;
1520
1521KR_parameter_list:
1522 push c_declaration pop ';'
1523 { $$ = $2; }
1524 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1525 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1526 ;
1527
1528local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1529 // empty
1530 | local_label_declaration_list
1531 ;
1532
1533local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1534 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1535 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1536 ;
1537
1538local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1539 identifier_or_type_name
1540 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
1541 ;
1542
1543declaration: // old & new style declarations
1544 c_declaration ';'
1545 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1546 | static_assert // C11
1547 ;
1548
1549static_assert:
1550 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1551 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1552 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1553 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1554
1555// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1556// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1557// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1558// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1559// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1560// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1561//
1562// CFA C
1563// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1564// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1565
1566cfa_declaration: // CFA
1567 cfa_variable_declaration
1568 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1569 | cfa_function_declaration
1570 | type_declaring_list
1571 { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1572 | trait_specifier
1573 ;
1574
1575cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1576 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1577 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1578 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1579 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1580 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1581 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1582 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1583 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1584 ;
1585
1586cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1587 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1588 // storage-class
1589 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1590 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1591 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1592 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1593 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1594 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1595 ;
1596
1597cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1598 cfa_function_specifier
1599 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1600 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1601 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1602 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1603 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1604 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1605 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1606 {
1607 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1608 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1609 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1610 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1611 }
1612 ;
1613
1614cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1615// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1616// {
1617// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1618// }
1619// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1620// {
1621// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1622// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1623// }
1624// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1625// {
1626// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1627// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1628// }
1629// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1630 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1631 //
1632 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1633 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1634 //
1635 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1636 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1637 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1638 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1639 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1640 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
1641 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
1642 ;
1643
1644cfa_function_return: // CFA
1645 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1646 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1647 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1648 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1649 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1650 ;
1651
1652cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1653 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1654 {
1655 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1656 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1657 }
1658 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1659 {
1660 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1661 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1662 }
1663 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push identifier
1664 {
1665 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1666 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1667 }
1668 ;
1669
1670// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1671// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1672
1673typedef_declaration:
1674 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1675 {
1676 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1677 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1678 }
1679 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1680 {
1681 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1682 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1683 }
1684 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1685 {
1686 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1687 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1688 }
1689 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1690 {
1691 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1692 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1693 }
1694 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1695 {
1696 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1697 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1698 }
1699 ;
1700
1701typedef_expression:
1702 // deprecated GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1703 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
1704 {
1705 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1706 }
1707 | typedef_expression pop ',' push identifier '=' assignment_expression
1708 {
1709 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
1710 }
1711 ;
1712
1713c_declaration:
1714 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1715 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1716 | typedef_declaration
1717 | typedef_expression // deprecated GCC, naming expression type
1718 | sue_declaration_specifier
1719 ;
1720
1721declaring_list:
1722 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1723 // storage-class
1724 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1725 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1726 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1727 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1728 ;
1729
1730declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1731 basic_declaration_specifier
1732 | sue_declaration_specifier
1733 | type_declaration_specifier
1734 ;
1735
1736declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1737 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1738 //
1739 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1740 //
1741 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1742 basic_declaration_specifier
1743 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1744 | type_declaration_specifier
1745 ;
1746
1747type_specifier: // type specifier
1748 basic_type_specifier
1749 | sue_type_specifier
1750 | type_type_specifier
1751 ;
1752
1753type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1754 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1755 //
1756 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1757 //
1758 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1759 basic_type_specifier
1760 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1761 | type_type_specifier
1762 ;
1763
1764type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1765 // empty
1766 { $$ = nullptr; }
1767 | type_qualifier_list
1768 ;
1769
1770type_qualifier_list:
1771 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1772 //
1773 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1774 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1775 // appeared only once.
1776 type_qualifier
1777 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1778 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1779 ;
1780
1781type_qualifier:
1782 type_qualifier_name
1783 | attribute // trick handles most atrribute locations
1784 ;
1785
1786type_qualifier_name:
1787 CONST
1788 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1789 | RESTRICT
1790 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1791 | VOLATILE
1792 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1793 | ATOMIC
1794 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1795 | forall
1796 ;
1797
1798forall:
1799 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1800 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1801 ;
1802
1803declaration_qualifier_list:
1804 storage_class_list
1805 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1806 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1807 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1808 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1809 ;
1810
1811storage_class_list:
1812 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1813 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1814 //
1815 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1816 // specifiers in a declaration.
1817 storage_class
1818 | storage_class_list storage_class
1819 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1820 ;
1821
1822storage_class:
1823 EXTERN
1824 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1825 | STATIC
1826 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1827 | AUTO
1828 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1829 | REGISTER
1830 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1831 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1832 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1833 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1834 | INLINE // C99
1835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1836 | FORTRAN // C99
1837 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1838 | NORETURN // C11
1839 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1840 ;
1841
1842basic_type_name:
1843 VOID
1844 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1845 | BOOL // C99
1846 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1847 | CHAR
1848 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1849 | INT
1850 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1851 | INT128
1852 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1853 | UINT128
1854 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 )->addType( DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ) ); }
1855 | FLOAT
1856 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1857 | DOUBLE
1858 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1859 | uuFLOAT80
1860 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat80 ); }
1861 | uuFLOAT128
1862 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uuFloat128 ); }
1863 | uFLOAT16
1864 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat16 ); }
1865 | uFLOAT32
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32 ); }
1867 | uFLOAT32X
1868 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat32x ); }
1869 | uFLOAT64
1870 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64 ); }
1871 | uFLOAT64X
1872 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat64x ); }
1873 | uFLOAT128
1874 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::uFloat128 ); }
1875 | COMPLEX // C99
1876 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1877 | IMAGINARY // C99
1878 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1879 | SIGNED
1880 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1881 | UNSIGNED
1882 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1883 | SHORT
1884 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1885 | LONG
1886 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1887 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1888 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1889 | AUTO_TYPE
1890 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::AutoType ); }
1891 ;
1892
1893basic_declaration_specifier:
1894 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1895 basic_type_specifier
1896 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1897 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1898 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1899 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1900 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1901 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1902 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1903 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1904 ;
1905
1906basic_type_specifier:
1907 direct_type
1908 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1909 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1910 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1911 ;
1912
1913direct_type:
1914 basic_type_name
1915 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1916 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1917 | direct_type type_qualifier
1918 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1919 | direct_type basic_type_name
1920 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1921 ;
1922
1923indirect_type:
1924 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1925 { $$ = $3; }
1926 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1927 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1928 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1929 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1930 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1931 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1932 | ZERO_T // CFA
1933 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1934 | ONE_T // CFA
1935 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1936 ;
1937
1938sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1939 sue_type_specifier
1940 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1941 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1942 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1943 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1944 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1945 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1946 ;
1947
1948sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1949 elaborated_type
1950 | type_qualifier_list
1951 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1952 elaborated_type
1953 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1954 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1955 {
1956 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1957 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1958 }
1959 ;
1960
1961sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1962 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1963 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1964 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1965 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1966 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1967 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1968 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1969 ;
1970
1971sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1972 elaborated_type_nobody
1973 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1974 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1975 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1976 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1977 ;
1978
1979type_declaration_specifier:
1980 type_type_specifier
1981 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1982 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1983 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1984 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1985 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1986 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1987 ;
1988
1989type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1990 type_name
1991 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1992 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1993 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1994 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1995 ;
1996
1997type_name:
1998 TYPEDEFname
1999 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
2000 | '.' TYPEDEFname
2001 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
2002 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
2003 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
2004 | typegen_name
2005 | '.' typegen_name
2006 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
2007 | type_name '.' typegen_name
2008 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
2009 ;
2010
2011typegen_name: // CFA
2012 TYPEGENname
2013 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2014 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2015 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
2016 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2017 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
2018 ;
2019
2020elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2021 aggregate_type
2022 | enum_type
2023 ;
2024
2025elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2026 aggregate_type_nobody
2027 | enum_type_nobody
2028 ;
2029
2030aggregate_type: // struct, union
2031 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2032 { forall = false; } // reset
2033 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2034 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2035 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2036 {
2037 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2038 forall = false; // reset
2039 }
2040 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2041 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2042 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname // unqualified type name
2043 {
2044 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2045 forall = false; // reset
2046 }
2047 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2048 {
2049 DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 );
2050 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2051 }
2052 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEGENname // unqualified type name
2053 {
2054 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
2055 forall = false; // reset
2056 }
2057 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2058 {
2059 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $3, nullptr );
2060 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2061 }
2062 | aggregate_type_nobody
2063 ;
2064
2065type_parameters_opt:
2066 // empty
2067 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2068 | '(' type_list ')'
2069 { $$ = $2; }
2070 ;
2071
2072aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2073 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2074 {
2075 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2076 forall = false; // reset
2077 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2078 }
2079 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name
2080 {
2081 forall = false; // reset
2082 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2083 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2084 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2085 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2086 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2087 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2088 delete $3;
2089 }
2090 ;
2091
2092aggregate_key:
2093 aggregate_data
2094 | aggregate_control
2095 ;
2096
2097aggregate_data:
2098 STRUCT
2099 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2100 | UNION
2101 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Union; }
2102 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2103 // { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2104 { SemanticError( yylloc, "exception aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2105 ;
2106
2107aggregate_control: // CFA
2108 MONITOR
2109 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2110 | MUTEX STRUCT
2111 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2112 | GENERATOR
2113 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2114 | MUTEX GENERATOR
2115 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2116 | COROUTINE
2117 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2118 | MUTEX COROUTINE
2119 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2120 | THREAD
2121 { yyy = true; $$ = AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2122 | MUTEX THREAD
2123 { SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = AggregateDecl::NoAggregate; }
2124 ;
2125
2126field_declaration_list_opt:
2127 // empty
2128 { $$ = nullptr; }
2129 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2130 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2131 ;
2132
2133field_declaration:
2134 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2135 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2136 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2137 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2138 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2139 {
2140 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2141 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2142 } // if
2143 $3->inLine = true;
2144 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2145 distInl( $3 );
2146 }
2147 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2148 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2149 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2150 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2151 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2152 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2153 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2154 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2155 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2156 | static_assert // C11
2157 ;
2158
2159field_declaring_list_opt:
2160 // empty
2161 { $$ = nullptr; }
2162 | field_declarator
2163 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2164 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2165 ;
2166
2167field_declarator:
2168 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2169 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2170 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2171 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2172 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2173 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2174 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2175 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2176 ;
2177
2178field_abstract_list_opt:
2179 // empty
2180 { $$ = nullptr; }
2181 | field_abstract
2182 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2183 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2184 ;
2185
2186field_abstract:
2187 // no bit fields
2188 variable_abstract_declarator
2189 ;
2190
2191cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2192 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2193 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2194 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2195 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2196 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2197 ;
2198
2199cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2200 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2201 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2202 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2203 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2204 ;
2205
2206bit_subrange_size_opt:
2207 // empty
2208 { $$ = nullptr; }
2209 | bit_subrange_size
2210 ;
2211
2212bit_subrange_size:
2213 ':' assignment_expression
2214 { $$ = $2; }
2215 ;
2216
2217enum_type: // enum
2218 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2219 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2220 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2221 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2222 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2223 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2224 | ENUM attribute_list_opt typedef_name // unqualified type name
2225 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2226 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2227 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2228 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2229 { $$ = nullptr; }
2230 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2231 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2232 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$6 ); }
2233 | ENUM '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' attribute_list_opt typedef_name attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2234 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Typed enumeration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2235 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$6->name ); }
2236 | enum_type_nobody
2237 ;
2238
2239enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2240 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2241 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2242 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name // qualified type name
2243 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name ); $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2244 ;
2245
2246enumerator_list:
2247 identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2248 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2249 | INLINE type_name
2250 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( new string("inline"), nullptr ); }
2251 | enumerator_list ',' identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2252 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2253 | enumerator_list ',' INLINE type_name enumerator_value_opt
2254 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( new string("inline"), nullptr ) ); }
2255 ;
2256
2257enumerator_value_opt:
2258 // empty
2259 { $$ = nullptr; }
2260 // | '=' constant_expression
2261 // { $$ = $2; }
2262 | simple_assignment_operator initializer
2263 { $$ = $2->get_expression(); } // FIX ME: enum only deals with constant_expression
2264 ;
2265
2266cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2267 // empty
2268 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2269 | ELLIPSIS
2270 { $$ = nullptr; }
2271 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2272 | cfa_parameter_list
2273 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2274 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2275 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2276 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2277 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2278 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2279 ;
2280
2281cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2282 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2283 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2284 cfa_parameter_declaration
2285 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2286 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2287 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2288 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2289 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2290 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2291 ;
2292
2293cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2294 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2295 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2296 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2297 ;
2298
2299parameter_type_list_opt:
2300 // empty
2301 { $$ = nullptr; }
2302 | ELLIPSIS
2303 { $$ = nullptr; }
2304 | parameter_list
2305 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2306 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2307 ;
2308
2309parameter_list: // abstract + real
2310 abstract_parameter_declaration
2311 | parameter_declaration
2312 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2313 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2314 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2315 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2316 ;
2317
2318// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2319// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2320
2321cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2322 parameter_declaration
2323 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2324 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2325 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2326 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2327 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2328 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2329 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2330 | cfa_function_specifier
2331 ;
2332
2333cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2334 abstract_parameter_declaration
2335 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2336 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2337 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2338 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2339 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2340 | cfa_abstract_function
2341 ;
2342
2343parameter_declaration:
2344 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2345 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2346 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2347 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initializer_opt
2348 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2349 ;
2350
2351abstract_parameter_declaration:
2352 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initializer_opt
2353 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2354 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2355 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2356 ;
2357
2358// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2359// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2360// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2361
2362identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2363 identifier
2364 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2365 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2366 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2367 ;
2368
2369identifier_or_type_name:
2370 identifier
2371 | TYPEDEFname
2372 | TYPEGENname
2373 ;
2374
2375type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2376 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2377 | type_specifier
2378 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2379 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2380 ;
2381
2382type: // typeof, assertion
2383 type_no_function
2384 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2385 ;
2386
2387initializer_opt:
2388 // empty
2389 { $$ = nullptr; }
2390 | simple_assignment_operator initializer { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2391 | '=' VOID { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2392 ;
2393
2394initializer:
2395 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2396 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2397 ;
2398
2399initializer_list_opt:
2400 // empty
2401 { $$ = nullptr; }
2402 | initializer
2403 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2404 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2405 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2406 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)($1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) )); }
2407 ;
2408
2409// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2410// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2411//
2412// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2413//
2414// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2415// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2416// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2417// shift/reduce conflicts
2418
2419designation:
2420 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2421 | identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2422 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2423 ;
2424
2425designator_list: // C99
2426 designator
2427 | designator_list designator
2428 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( $2 )); }
2429 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2430 ;
2431
2432designator:
2433 '.' identifier // C99, field name
2434 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2435 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2436 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2437 { $$ = $3; }
2438 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2439 { $$ = $3; }
2440 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2441 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $5 ) ) ); }
2442 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2443 { $$ = $4; }
2444 ;
2445
2446// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2447// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2448//
2449// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2450//
2451// Type declarations: "otype" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2452// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2453// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2454//
2455// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2456// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2457//
2458// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2459// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2460// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2461// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2462// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2463
2464type_parameter_list: // CFA
2465 type_parameter
2466 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2467 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2468 ;
2469
2470type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2471 // empty
2472 { $$ = nullptr; }
2473 | '=' type
2474 { $$ = $2; }
2475 ;
2476
2477type_parameter: // CFA
2478 type_class identifier_or_type_name
2479 {
2480 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" );
2481 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Otype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype keyword is deprecated, use T " ); }
2482 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Dtype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "dtype keyword is deprecated, use T &" ); }
2483 if ( $1 == TypeDecl::Ttype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "ttype keyword is deprecated, use T ..." ); }
2484 }
2485 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2486 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2487 | identifier_or_type_name new_type_class
2488 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2489 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2490 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $2, $1 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2491 | '[' identifier_or_type_name ']'
2492 {
2493 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" );
2494 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::ALtype, $2 );
2495 }
2496 // | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2497 | assertion_list
2498 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2499 ;
2500
2501new_type_class: // CFA
2502 // empty
2503 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2504 | '&'
2505 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2506 | '*'
2507 { $$ = TypeDecl::DStype; } // dtype + sized
2508 | ELLIPSIS
2509 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2510 ;
2511
2512type_class: // CFA
2513 OTYPE
2514 { $$ = TypeDecl::Otype; }
2515 | DTYPE
2516 { $$ = TypeDecl::Dtype; }
2517 | FTYPE
2518 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ftype; }
2519 | TTYPE
2520 { $$ = TypeDecl::Ttype; }
2521 ;
2522
2523assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2524 // empty
2525 { $$ = nullptr; }
2526 | assertion_list
2527 ;
2528
2529assertion_list: // CFA
2530 assertion
2531 | assertion_list assertion
2532 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
2533 ;
2534
2535assertion: // CFA
2536 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2537 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2538 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2539 { $$ = $4; }
2540 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2541 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2542 ;
2543
2544type_list: // CFA
2545 type
2546 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2547 | assignment_expression
2548 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $1->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2549 | type_list ',' type
2550 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)($1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) )); }
2551 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2552 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $3->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2553 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2554 ;
2555
2556type_declaring_list: // CFA
2557 OTYPE type_declarator
2558 { $$ = $2; }
2559 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2560 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2561 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2562 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2563 ;
2564
2565type_declarator: // CFA
2566 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2567 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2568 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2569 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2570 ;
2571
2572type_declarator_name: // CFA
2573 identifier_or_type_name
2574 {
2575 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2576 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2577 }
2578 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2579 {
2580 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2581 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2582 }
2583 ;
2584
2585trait_specifier: // CFA
2586 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2587 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2588 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2589 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2590 ;
2591
2592trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2593 trait_declaration
2594 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2595 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2596 ;
2597
2598trait_declaration: // CFA
2599 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2600 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2601 ;
2602
2603cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2604 cfa_variable_specifier
2605 | cfa_function_specifier
2606 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2607 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2608 ;
2609
2610trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2611 type_specifier declarator
2612 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2613 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2614 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2615 ;
2616
2617//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2618
2619translation_unit:
2620 // empty, input file
2621 | external_definition_list
2622 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2623 ;
2624
2625external_definition_list:
2626 push external_definition pop
2627 { $$ = $2; }
2628 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2629 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2630 ;
2631
2632external_definition_list_opt:
2633 // empty
2634 { $$ = nullptr; }
2635 | external_definition_list
2636 ;
2637
2638up:
2639 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2640 ;
2641
2642down:
2643 { typedefTable.down(); }
2644 ;
2645
2646external_definition:
2647 DIRECTIVE
2648 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newDirectiveStmt( new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ) ); }
2649 | declaration
2650 | external_function_definition
2651 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2652 {
2653 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2654 $$ = $2;
2655 }
2656 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2657 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) ); }
2658 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2659 {
2660 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2661 linkage = LinkageSpec::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2662 }
2663 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2664 {
2665 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2666 linkageStack.pop();
2667 $$ = $6;
2668 }
2669 | type_qualifier_list
2670 {
2671 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2672 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2673 }
2674 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2675 {
2676 distQual( $5, $1 );
2677 forall = false;
2678 $$ = $5;
2679 }
2680 | declaration_qualifier_list
2681 {
2682 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2683 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2684 }
2685 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2686 {
2687 distQual( $5, $1 );
2688 forall = false;
2689 $$ = $5;
2690 }
2691 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2692 {
2693 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2694 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2695 }
2696 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2697 {
2698 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2699 forall = false;
2700 $$ = $6;
2701 }
2702 ;
2703
2704external_function_definition:
2705 function_definition
2706 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2707 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2708 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2709 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2710 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2711 | function_declarator compound_statement
2712 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2713 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2714 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2715 ;
2716
2717with_clause_opt:
2718 // empty
2719 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2720 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2721 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2722 ;
2723
2724function_definition:
2725 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2726 {
2727 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2728 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2729 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2730 $$ = $1;
2731 }
2732 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2733 {
2734 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2735 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2736 }
2737 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2738 {
2739 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2740 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2741 }
2742 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2743 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2744 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2745 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2746 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2747 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2748 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2749 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2750 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2751
2752 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2753 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2754 {
2755 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2756 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2757 }
2758 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2759 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2760 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2761 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2762 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2763 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2764 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2765 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2766 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2767 ;
2768
2769declarator:
2770 variable_declarator
2771 | variable_type_redeclarator
2772 | function_declarator
2773 ;
2774
2775subrange:
2776 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2777 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
2778 ;
2779
2780asm_name_opt: // GCC
2781 // empty
2782 { $$ = nullptr; }
2783 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2784 {
2785 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2786 name->asmName = $3;
2787 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2788 }
2789 ;
2790
2791attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2792 // empty
2793 { $$ = nullptr; }
2794 | attribute_list
2795 ;
2796
2797attribute_list: // GCC
2798 attribute
2799 | attribute_list attribute
2800 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2801 ;
2802
2803attribute: // GCC
2804 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2805 { $$ = $4; }
2806 ;
2807
2808attribute_name_list: // GCC
2809 attribute_name
2810 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2811 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2812 ;
2813
2814attribute_name: // GCC
2815 // empty
2816 { $$ = nullptr; }
2817 | attr_name
2818 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2819 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
2820 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2821 ;
2822
2823attr_name: // GCC
2824 IDENTIFIER
2825 | quasi_keyword
2826 | TYPEDEFname
2827 | TYPEGENname
2828 | FALLTHROUGH
2829 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2830 | CONST
2831 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2832 ;
2833
2834// ============================================================================
2835// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2836// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2837// in:
2838//
2839// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2840// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2841//
2842// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2843// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2844// ============================================================================
2845
2846// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2847// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2848// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2849//
2850// valid declaration invalid definition
2851// ----------------- ------------------
2852// int f; int f {}
2853// int *f; int *f {}
2854// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2855// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2856//
2857// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2858// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2859// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2860
2861// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2862// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2863
2864paren_identifier:
2865 identifier
2866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2867 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2868 { $$ = $2; }
2869 ;
2870
2871variable_declarator:
2872 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2873 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2874 | variable_ptr
2875 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2876 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2877 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2878 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2879 ;
2880
2881variable_ptr:
2882 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2883 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2884 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2885 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2886 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
2887 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2888 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
2889 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
2890 ;
2891
2892variable_array:
2893 paren_identifier array_dimension
2894 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2895 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2896 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2897 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2898 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2899 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2900 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2901 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2902 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2903 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2904 { $$ = $2; }
2905 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2906 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2907 ;
2908
2909variable_function:
2910 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2911 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2912 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2913 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
2914 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2915 { $$ = $2; }
2916 | '(' attribute_list variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2917 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2918 ;
2919
2920// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2921// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2922// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2923
2924function_declarator:
2925 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2926 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2927 | function_ptr
2928 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2929 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2930 ;
2931
2932function_no_ptr:
2933 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2934 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2935 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2936 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2937 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2938 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
2939 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2940 { $$ = $2; }
2941 | '(' attribute_list function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2942 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2943 ;
2944
2945function_ptr:
2946 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2947 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2948 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2949 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2950 | '(' function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2951 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2952 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2953 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
2954 ;
2955
2956function_array:
2957 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2958 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2959 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2960 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2961 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2962 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2963 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2964 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
2965 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2966 { $$ = $2; }
2967 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2968 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2969 ;
2970
2971// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2972//
2973// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2974//
2975// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2976// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2977
2978KR_function_declarator:
2979 KR_function_no_ptr
2980 | KR_function_ptr
2981 | KR_function_array
2982 ;
2983
2984KR_function_no_ptr:
2985 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2986 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2987 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2988 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2989 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2990 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
2991 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2992 { $$ = $2; }
2993 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2994 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2995 ;
2996
2997KR_function_ptr:
2998 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2999 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3000 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
3001 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3002 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
3003 { $$ = $2; }
3004 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')'
3005 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3006 ;
3007
3008KR_function_array:
3009 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3010 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3011 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3012 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3013 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3014 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3015 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3016 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3017 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3018 { $$ = $2; }
3019 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3020 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3021 ;
3022
3023// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
3024//
3025// typedef int foo;
3026// {
3027// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
3028// }
3029//
3030// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3031// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3032
3033paren_type:
3034 typedef_name
3035 {
3036 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
3037 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
3038 }
3039 | '(' paren_type ')'
3040 { $$ = $2; }
3041 ;
3042
3043variable_type_redeclarator:
3044 paren_type attribute_list_opt
3045 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3046 | type_ptr
3047 | type_array attribute_list_opt
3048 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3049 | type_function attribute_list_opt
3050 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3051 ;
3052
3053type_ptr:
3054 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
3055 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3056 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
3057 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3058 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3059 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3060 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3061 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3062 ;
3063
3064type_array:
3065 paren_type array_dimension
3066 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3067 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3068 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3069 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3070 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3071 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3072 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3073 | '(' attribute_list type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3074 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3075 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3076 { $$ = $2; }
3077 | '(' attribute_list type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3078 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3079 ;
3080
3081type_function:
3082 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3083 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3084 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3085 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3086 | '(' attribute_list type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3087 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $7 ); }
3088 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3089 { $$ = $2; }
3090 | '(' attribute_list type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3091 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3092 ;
3093
3094// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
3095// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
3096// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3097// pointers to arrays and functions.
3098
3099identifier_parameter_declarator:
3100 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3101 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3102 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3103 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3104 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3105 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3106 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3107 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3108 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3109 ;
3110
3111identifier_parameter_ptr:
3112 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3113 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3114 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3115 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3116 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3117 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3118 ;
3119
3120identifier_parameter_array:
3121 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3122 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3123 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3124 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3125 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3126 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3127 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3128 { $$ = $2; }
3129 ;
3130
3131identifier_parameter_function:
3132 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3133 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3134 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3135 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3136 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3137 { $$ = $2; }
3138 ;
3139
3140// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3141// e.g.:
3142//
3143// typedef int foo;
3144// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3145// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3146//
3147// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3148
3149type_parameter_redeclarator:
3150 typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3151 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3152 | '&' MUTEX typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3153 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3154 | type_parameter_ptr
3155 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3156 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3157 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3158 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3159 ;
3160
3161typedef_name:
3162 TYPEDEFname
3163 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3164 | TYPEGENname
3165 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3166 ;
3167
3168type_parameter_ptr:
3169 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3170 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3171 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3172 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3173 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3174 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3175 ;
3176
3177type_parameter_array:
3178 typedef_name array_parameter_dimension
3179 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3180 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3181 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3182 ;
3183
3184type_parameter_function:
3185 typedef_name '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3186 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3187 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3188 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3189 ;
3190
3191// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3192// which the type applies, e.g.:
3193//
3194// sizeof( int );
3195// sizeof( int * );
3196// sizeof( int [10] );
3197// sizeof( int (*)() );
3198// sizeof( int () );
3199//
3200// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3201// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3202
3203abstract_declarator:
3204 abstract_ptr
3205 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3206 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3207 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3208 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3209 ;
3210
3211abstract_ptr:
3212 ptrref_operator
3213 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3214 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3215 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3216 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3217 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3218 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3219 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3220 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3221 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3222 ;
3223
3224abstract_array:
3225 array_dimension
3226 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3227 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3228 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3229 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3230 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3231 { $$ = $2; }
3232 ;
3233
3234abstract_function:
3235 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3236 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3237 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3238 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3239 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3240 { $$ = $2; }
3241 ;
3242
3243array_dimension:
3244 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3245 '[' ']'
3246 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3247 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3248 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3249 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' comma_expression ']'
3250 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false )->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $6, 0, false ) ); }
3251 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array dimension is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3252 | multi_array_dimension
3253 ;
3254
3255multi_array_dimension:
3256 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3257 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3258 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3259 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3260 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3261 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3262 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3263 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3264 ;
3265
3266// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3267// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3268//
3269// int f( int ); // not handled here
3270// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3271// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3272// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3273//
3274// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3275// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3276// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3277//
3278// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3279// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3280// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3281//
3282// For example:
3283//
3284// typedef float T;
3285// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3286// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3287// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3288// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3289//
3290// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3291// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3292// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3293// functions.
3294
3295abstract_parameter_declarator:
3296 abstract_parameter_ptr
3297 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3298 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3299 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3300 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3301 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3302 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3303 ;
3304
3305abstract_parameter_ptr:
3306 ptrref_operator
3307 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3308 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3309 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3310 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3311 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3312 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3313 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3314 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3315 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3316 ;
3317
3318abstract_parameter_array:
3319 array_parameter_dimension
3320 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3321 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3322 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3323 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3324 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3325 { $$ = $2; }
3326 ;
3327
3328abstract_parameter_function:
3329 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3330 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3331 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3332 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3333 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3334 { $$ = $2; }
3335 ;
3336
3337array_parameter_dimension:
3338 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3339 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3340 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3341 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3342 | multi_array_dimension
3343 ;
3344
3345// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3346//
3347// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3348// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3349
3350array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3351 '[' ']'
3352 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3353 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3354 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3355 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3356 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3357 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3358 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3359 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3360 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3361 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3362 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3363 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3364 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3365 ;
3366
3367// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3368//
3369// struct S {
3370// int;
3371// int *;
3372// int [10];
3373// int (*)();
3374// };
3375
3376variable_abstract_declarator:
3377 variable_abstract_ptr
3378 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3379 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3380 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3381 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3382 ;
3383
3384variable_abstract_ptr:
3385 ptrref_operator
3386 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3387 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3388 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3389 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3390 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3391 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3392 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3393 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3394 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3395 ;
3396
3397variable_abstract_array:
3398 array_dimension
3399 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3400 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3401 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3402 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3403 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3404 { $$ = $2; }
3405 ;
3406
3407variable_abstract_function:
3408 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3409 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3410 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3411 { $$ = $2; }
3412 ;
3413
3414// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3415// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3416
3417cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3418 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3419 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3420 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3421 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3422 ;
3423
3424cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3425 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3426 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3427 ;
3428
3429cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3430 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3431 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3432 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3433 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3434 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3435 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3436 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3437 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3438 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3439 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3440 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3441 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3442 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3443 ;
3444
3445cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3446 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3447 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3448 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3449 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3450 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3451 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3452 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3453 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3454 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3455 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3456 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3457 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3458
3459 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3460 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3461 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3462 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3463 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3464 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3465 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3466 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3467 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3468 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3469 ;
3470
3471cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3472 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3473 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3474 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3475 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3476 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3477 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3478 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3479 // appear in this context.
3480 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3481 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3482 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3483 ;
3484
3485// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3486// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3487//
3488// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3489// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3490//
3491// These rules need LR(3):
3492//
3493// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3494// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3495//
3496// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3497//
3498// [int, int] t;
3499// [int, int] f( int );
3500//
3501// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3502// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3503// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3504// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3505
3506cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3507 cfa_abstract_tuple
3508 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3509 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3510 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3511 ;
3512
3513cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3514 cfa_abstract_ptr
3515 | cfa_abstract_array
3516 ;
3517
3518cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3519 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3520 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3521 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3522 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3523 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3524 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3525 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3526 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3527 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3528 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3529 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3530 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3531 ;
3532
3533cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3534 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3535 // empty (void) function return type.
3536 '[' ']' type_specifier
3537 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3538 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3539 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3540 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3541 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3542 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3543 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3544 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3545 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3546 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3547 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3548 ;
3549
3550cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3551 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3552 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3553 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3554 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3555 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3556 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3557 ;
3558
3559cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3560// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3561// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3562 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3563 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3564 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3565 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3566 ;
3567
3568// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3569// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3570//
3571// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3572// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3573//
3574// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3575// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3576//
3577// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3578// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3579
3580//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3581
3582comma_opt: // redundant comma
3583 // empty
3584 | ','
3585 ;
3586
3587default_initializer_opt:
3588 // empty
3589 { $$ = nullptr; }
3590 | '=' assignment_expression
3591 { $$ = $2; }
3592 ;
3593
3594%%
3595
3596// ----end of grammar----
3597
3598// Local Variables: //
3599// mode: c++ //
3600// tab-width: 4 //
3601// compile-command: "make install" //
3602// End: //
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