source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 26ee4b5

Last change on this file since 26ee4b5 was 45ee172, checked in by Andrew Beach <ajbeach@…>, 13 months ago

Corrected handling of va_args in the parser. It still does not get through the resolver and further updates may be required.
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 178.7 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Tue Aug 13 11:25:16 2024
13// Update Count : 6740
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// This incompatibility is discussed in detail before the "designation" grammar rule. Most of the syntactic extensions
31// from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11".
32
33// This grammar also has two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions. All of the
34// syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall (CFA), which
35// fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the syntactic
36// extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA".
37
38%{
39#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT( yylval ) // lexer loads this up each time
40#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
41#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
42
43#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
44
45#include <cstdio>
46#include <sstream>
47#include <stack>
48using namespace std;
49
50#include "DeclarationNode.hpp" // for DeclarationNode, ...
51#include "ExpressionNode.hpp" // for ExpressionNode, ...
52#include "InitializerNode.hpp" // for InitializerNode, ...
53#include "ParserTypes.hpp"
54#include "StatementNode.hpp" // for build_...
55#include "TypedefTable.hpp"
56#include "TypeData.hpp"
57#include "AST/Type.hpp" // for BasicType, BasicKind
58#include "Common/SemanticError.hpp" // error_str
59#include "Common/Utility.hpp" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
60
61// lex uses __null in a boolean context, it's fine.
62#ifdef __clang__
63#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wparentheses-equality"
64#endif
65
66extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
67extern ast::Linkage::Spec linkage;
68extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
69
70stack<ast::Linkage::Spec> linkageStack;
71
72bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
73 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
74 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
75 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
76 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
77 //
78 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
79 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
80 // e.g., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
81
82 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
83 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
84 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
85 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
86 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
87 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
88 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
89 } // if
90 } else {
91 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
92 to = "u8" + to;
93 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
94 } else {
95 to = from[0] + to;
96 } // if
97 } // if
98 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
99 } // if
100 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
101 return true;
102} // appendStr
103
104DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
105 // Distribute type specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
106 assert( declList );
107
108 // Do not distribute attributes for aggregates because the attributes surrounding the aggregate belong it not the
109 // variables in the declaration list, e.g.,
110 //
111 // struct __attribute__(( aligned(128) )) S { ...
112 // } v1 __attribute__(( aligned(64) )), v2 __attribute__(( aligned(32) )), v3;
113 // struct S v4;
114 //
115 // v1 => 64, v2 =>32, v3 => 128, v2 => 128
116 //
117 // Anonymous aggregates are a special case because there is no aggregate to bind the attribute to; hence it floats
118 // to the declaration list.
119 //
120 // struct __attribute__(( aligned(128) )) /*anonymous */ { ... } v1;
121 //
122 // v1 => 128
123
124 bool copyattr = ! (typeSpec->type && typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate && ! typeSpec->type->aggregate.anon );
125
126 // addType copies the type information for the aggregate instances from typeSpec into cl's aggInst.aggregate.
127 DeclarationNode * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( typeSpec ); // typeSpec IS DELETED!!!
128
129 // Start at second variable in declaration list and clone the type specifiers for each variable.
130 for ( DeclarationNode * cur = declList->next ; cur != nullptr; cur = cur->next ) {
131 cl->cloneBaseType( cur, copyattr ); // cur is modified
132 } // for
133
134 // Add first variable in declaration list with hidden type information in aggInst.aggregate, which is used by
135 // extractType to recover the type for the aggregate instances.
136 declList->addType( cl, copyattr ); // cl IS DELETED!!!
137 return declList;
138} // distAttr
139
140void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
141 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
142 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration ; iter != nullptr ; iter = iter->next ) {
143 iter->set_extension( true );
144 } // for
145} // distExt
146
147void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
148 // distribute INLINE across all declarations
149 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration ; iter != nullptr ; iter = iter->next ) {
150 iter->set_inLine( true );
151 } // for
152} // distInl
153
154void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
155 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
156 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration ; iter != nullptr ; iter = iter->next ) {
157 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
158 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
159 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
160 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
161 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
162 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
163 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
164 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
165 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
166 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
167 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
168 DeclarationNode newnode;
169 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
170 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
171 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
172 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
173 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
174 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
175 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
176 } // if
177 } else { // just SC qualifiers
178 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
179 } // if
180 } // for
181 delete qualifiers;
182} // distQual
183
184// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
185// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
186// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
187// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
188// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
189// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
190// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
191
192void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
193 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
194 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
195 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
196 } // if
197} // rebindForall
198
199string * build_postfix_name( string * name ) {
200 *name = string("__postfix_func_") + *name;
201 return name;
202} // build_postfix_name
203
204DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
205 if ( nullptr == fieldList ) {
206 if ( !( typeSpec->type && typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) ) {
207 stringstream ss;
208 // printf( "fieldDecl1 typeSpec %p\n", typeSpec ); typeSpec->type->print( std::cout );
209 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
210 return nullptr;
211 } // if
212 // printf( "fieldDecl2 typeSpec %p\n", typeSpec ); typeSpec->type->print( std::cout );
213 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
214 } // if
215
216 // printf( "fieldDecl3 typeSpec %p\n", typeSpec ); typeSpec->print( std::cout, 0 );
217 DeclarationNode * temp = distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
218 // printf( "fieldDecl4 temp %p\n", temp ); temp->print( std::cout, 0 );
219 return temp;
220} // fieldDecl
221
222#define NEW_ZERO new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *new string( "0" ) ) )
223#define NEW_ONE new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *new string( "1" ) ) )
224#define UPDOWN( compop, left, right ) (compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? left : right)
225#define MISSING_ANON_FIELD "illegal syntax, missing loop fields with an anonymous loop index is meaningless as loop index is unavailable in loop body."
226#define MISSING_LOW "illegal syntax, missing low value for ascanding range so index is uninitialized."
227#define MISSING_HIGH "illegal syntax, missing high value for descending range so index is uninitialized."
228
229static ForCtrl * makeForCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, DeclarationNode * init, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
230 // Wrap both comp/inc if they are non-null.
231 if ( comp ) comp = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( location,
232 compop,
233 new ExpressionNode( build_varref( location, new string( *init->name ) ) ),
234 comp ) );
235 if ( inc ) inc = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( location,
236 // choose += or -= for upto/downto
237 compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn,
238 new ExpressionNode( build_varref( location, new string( *init->name ) ) ),
239 inc ) );
240 // The StatementNode call frees init->name, it must happen later.
241 return new ForCtrl( new StatementNode( init ), comp, inc );
242}
243
244ForCtrl * forCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, DeclarationNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
245 if ( index->initializer ) {
246 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, direct initialization disallowed. Use instead: type var; initialization ~ comparison ~ increment." );
247 } // if
248 if ( index->next ) {
249 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, multiple loop indexes disallowed in for-loop declaration." );
250 } // if
251 DeclarationNode * initDecl = index->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) );
252 return makeForCtrl( location, initDecl, compop, comp, inc );
253} // forCtrl
254
255ForCtrl * forCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
256 ast::ConstantExpr * constant = dynamic_cast<ast::ConstantExpr *>(type->expr.get());
257 if ( constant && (constant->rep == "0" || constant->rep == "1") ) {
258 type = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CastExpr( location, maybeMoveBuild(type), new ast::BasicType( ast::BasicKind::SignedInt ) ) );
259 } // if
260 DeclarationNode * initDecl = distAttr(
261 DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type, true ),
262 DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) )
263 );
264 return makeForCtrl( location, initDecl, compop, comp, inc );
265} // forCtrl
266
267#define MISSING_LOOP_INDEX "illegal syntax, only a single identifier or declaration allowed in initialization, e.g., for ( i; ... ) or for ( int i; ... ). Expression disallowed."
268
269ForCtrl * forCtrl( const CodeLocation & location, ExpressionNode * type, ExpressionNode * index, ExpressionNode * start, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
270 if ( auto identifier = dynamic_cast<ast::NameExpr *>(index->expr.get()) ) {
271 return forCtrl( location, type, new string( identifier->name ), start, compop, comp, inc );
272 } else {
273 SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOOP_INDEX ); return nullptr;
274 } // if
275} // forCtrl
276
277ForCtrl * enumRangeCtrl( ExpressionNode * index_expr, OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * range_over_expr, DeclarationNode * type ) {
278 assert( compop == OperKinds::LEThan || compop == OperKinds::GEThan );
279 if ( auto identifier = dynamic_cast<ast::NameExpr *>(index_expr->expr.get()) ) {
280 DeclarationNode * indexDecl =
281 DeclarationNode::newName( new std::string(identifier->name) )->addType( type );
282 return new ForCtrl( new StatementNode( indexDecl ), range_over_expr, compop );
283 } else {
284 SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOOP_INDEX ); return nullptr;
285 } // if
286} // enumRangeCtrl
287
288static void IdentifierBeforeIdentifier( string & identifier1, string & identifier2, const char * kind ) {
289 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, adjacent identifiers \"%s\" and \"%s\" are not meaningful in an %s.\n"
290 "Possible cause is misspelled type name or missing generic parameter.",
291 identifier1.c_str(), identifier2.c_str(), kind );
292} // IdentifierBeforeIdentifier
293
294static void IdentifierBeforeType( string & identifier, const char * kind ) {
295 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, identifier \"%s\" cannot appear before a %s.\n"
296 "Possible cause is misspelled storage/CV qualifier, misspelled typename, or missing generic parameter.",
297 identifier.c_str(), kind );
298} // IdentifierBeforeType
299
300bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
301
302// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
303#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
304if ( N ) { \
305 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
306 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
307 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
308 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
309 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
310} else { \
311 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
312 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
313 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
314}
315%}
316
317%define parse.error verbose
318
319// Types declaration for productions
320
321%union {
322 // A raw token can be used.
323 Token tok;
324
325 // The general node types hold some generic node or list of nodes.
326 DeclarationNode * decl;
327 InitializerNode * init;
328 ExpressionNode * expr;
329 StatementNode * stmt;
330 ClauseNode * clause;
331 TypeData * type;
332
333 // Special "nodes" containing compound information.
334 CondCtl * ifctl;
335 ForCtrl * forctl;
336 LabelNode * labels;
337
338 // Various flags and single values that become fields later.
339 ast::AggregateDecl::Aggregate aggKey;
340 ast::TypeDecl::Kind tclass;
341 OperKinds oper;
342 bool is_volatile;
343 EnumHiding enum_hiding;
344 ast::ExceptionKind except_kind;
345 // String passes ownership with it.
346 std::string * str;
347
348 // Narrower node types are used to avoid constant unwrapping.
349 ast::WaitForStmt * wfs;
350 ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode * wucn;
351 ast::GenericExpr * genexpr;
352}
353
354// ************************ TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
355
356// keywords
357%token TYPEDEF
358%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
359%token THREADLOCALGCC THREADLOCALC11 // GCC, C11
360%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
361%token NORETURN // C11
362%token CONST VOLATILE
363%token RESTRICT // C99
364%token ATOMIC // C11
365%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL VTABLE COERCE // CFA
366%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
367%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
368%token INT128 UINT128 uuFLOAT80 uuFLOAT128 // GCC
369%token uFLOAT16 uFLOAT32 uFLOAT32X uFLOAT64 uFLOAT64X uFLOAT128 // GCC
370%token DECIMAL32 DECIMAL64 DECIMAL128 // GCC
371%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
372%token SIZEOF TYPEOF VA_LIST VA_ARG AUTO_TYPE COUNTOF // GCC
373%token OFFSETOF BASETYPEOF TYPEID // CFA
374%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
375%token EXCEPTION // CFA
376%token GENERATOR COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
377%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
378// %token RESUME // CFA
379%token LABEL // GCC
380%token SUSPEND // CFA
381%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
382%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
383%token CHOOSE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH WITH WHEN WAITFOR WAITUNTIL // CFA
384%token CORUN COFOR
385%token DISABLE ENABLE TRY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
386%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
387%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
388
389// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
390%token<tok> IDENTIFIER TYPEDIMname TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
391%token<tok> TIMEOUT WAND WOR CATCH RECOVER CATCHRESUME FIXUP FINALLY // CFA
392%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
393%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
394// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
395// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
396// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
397%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
398
399// multi-character operators
400%token ARROW // ->
401%token ICR DECR // ++ --
402%token LS RS // << >>
403%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
404%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
405%token ATTR ELLIPSIS // @@ ...
406
407%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
408%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
409%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
410%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
411
412%token ErangeUp ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // +~ +~=/~= -~ -~=
413%token ATassign // @=
414
415%type<tok> identifier identifier_at identifier_or_type_name attr_name
416%type<tok> quasi_keyword
417%type<expr> string_literal
418%type<str> string_literal_list
419
420%type<enum_hiding> hide_opt visible_hide_opt
421
422// expressions
423%type<expr> constant
424%type<expr> tuple tuple_expression_list
425%type<oper> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator simple_assignment_operator compound_assignment_operator
426%type<expr> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
427%type<expr> cast_expression_list cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
428%type<expr> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
429%type<expr> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
430%type<expr> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
431%type<expr> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
432%type<expr> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
433%type<expr> argument_expression_list_opt argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initializer_opt
434%type<ifctl> conditional_declaration
435%type<forctl> for_control_expression for_control_expression_list
436%type<oper> upupeq updown updowneq downupdowneq
437%type<expr> subrange
438%type<decl> asm_name_opt
439%type<expr> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
440%type<labels> label_list
441%type<expr> asm_clobbers_list_opt
442%type<is_volatile> asm_volatile_opt
443%type<expr> handler_predicate_opt
444%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
445
446// statements
447%type<stmt> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
448%type<stmt> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
449%type<stmt> selection_statement
450%type<clause> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
451%type<expr> case_value
452%type<clause> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
453%type<stmt> iteration_statement jump_statement
454%type<stmt> expression_statement asm_statement
455%type<stmt> with_statement
456%type<expr> with_clause_opt
457%type<stmt> corun_statement cofor_statement
458%type<stmt> exception_statement
459%type<clause> handler_clause finally_clause
460%type<except_kind> handler_key
461%type<stmt> mutex_statement
462%type<expr> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor waituntil timeout
463%type<stmt> waitfor_statement waituntil_statement
464%type<wfs> wor_waitfor_clause
465%type<wucn> waituntil_clause wand_waituntil_clause wor_waituntil_clause
466
467// declarations
468%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
469%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator_opt abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
470%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
471
472%type<aggKey> aggregate_key aggregate_data aggregate_control
473%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
474
475%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
476
477%type<expr> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
478
479%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
480%type<type> basic_type_name_type
481%type<type> vtable vtable_opt default_opt
482
483%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
484
485%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
486%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
487
488%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
489
490%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody enum_key enumerator_type
491%type<init> enumerator_value_opt
492
493%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
494
495%type<decl> exception_declaration
496
497%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
498%type<expr> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
499
500%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
501
502%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
503%type<decl> identifier_list
504
505%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
506%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
507%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
508
509%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
510
511%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
512%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
513
514%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
515%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
516
517%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt
518
519%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
520
521%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
522%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
523%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
524
525%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_list_ellipsis_opt
526
527%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
528
529%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
530
531%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
532
533%type<tclass> type_class new_type_class
534%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
535
536%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier
537%type<type> type_name typegen_name
538%type<decl> typedef_name typedef_declaration typedef_expression
539
540%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator variable_type_ptr variable_type_array variable_type_function
541%type<decl> general_function_declarator function_type_redeclarator function_type_array function_type_no_ptr function_type_ptr
542
543%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
544
545%type<decl> type type_no_function
546%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
547
548%type<expr> type_parameters_opt type_list array_type_list // array_dimension_list
549
550%type<decl> type_qualifier forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
551%type<type> type_qualifier_name
552%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
553
554%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
555%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
556
557%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute attribute_name_list attribute_name
558
559// initializers
560%type<init> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
561
562// designators
563%type<expr> designator designator_list designation
564
565
566// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
567// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
568// if ( C ) S1 else S2
569// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
570// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
571
572// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WAND/WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WAND/WOR
573// is left associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
574%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
575%precedence ANDAND // token precedence for start of WAND in WAITFOR statement
576%precedence WAND // token precedence for start of WAND in WAITFOR statement
577%precedence OROR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
578%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
579%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
580%precedence CATCH // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
581%precedence RECOVER // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
582%precedence CATCHRESUME // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
583%precedence FIXUP // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
584%precedence FINALLY // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
585%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
586
587
588// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
589// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
590// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
591// Foo ( *fp )( int );
592// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
593// must be:
594// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
595// The same problem occurs here:
596// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
597// must be:
598// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
599
600// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
601%precedence TYPEGENname
602%precedence '}'
603%precedence '('
604
605// %precedence RESUME
606// %precedence '{'
607// %precedence ')'
608
609%locations // support location tracking for error messages
610
611%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
612
613%%
614// ************************ Namespace Management ********************************
615
616// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
617// which are lexically identical.
618//
619// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
620// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
621//
622// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
623// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
624// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
625// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
626// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
627//
628// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
629// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
630// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
631// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
632// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
633// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
634// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
635//
636// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
637// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
638// around the list separator.
639//
640// XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
641// push pop push pop
642
643push:
644 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
645 ;
646
647pop:
648 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
649 ;
650
651// ************************ CONSTANTS ********************************
652
653constant:
654 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
655 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
656 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
657 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
658 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
659 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
660 ;
661
662quasi_keyword: // CFA
663 TIMEOUT
664 | WAND
665 | WOR
666 | CATCH
667 | RECOVER
668 | CATCHRESUME
669 | FIXUP
670 | FINALLY
671 ;
672
673identifier:
674 IDENTIFIER
675 | quasi_keyword
676 ;
677
678identifier_at:
679 identifier
680 | '@' // CFA
681 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
682 ;
683
684identifier_or_type_name:
685 identifier
686 | TYPEDEFname
687 | TYPEGENname
688 ;
689
690string_literal:
691 string_literal_list { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantStr( yylloc, *$1 ) ); }
692 ;
693
694string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
695 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
696 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
697 {
698 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
699 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
700 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
701 }
702 ;
703
704// ************************ EXPRESSIONS ********************************
705
706primary_expression:
707 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
708 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
709 | quasi_keyword
710 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
711 | TYPEDIMname // CFA, generic length argument
712 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_dimensionref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
713 | tuple
714 | '(' comma_expression ')'
715 { $$ = $2; }
716 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
717 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::StmtExpr( yylloc, dynamic_cast<ast::CompoundStmt *>( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) ); }
718 | type_name '.' identifier // CFA, nested type
719 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_qualified_expr( yylloc, DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ), build_varref( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
720 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
721 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
722 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
723 {
724 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
725 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild( $3 );
726 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
727 }
728 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')'
729 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
730 // | RESUME '(' comma_expression ')' compound_statement
731 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Resume expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
732 | IDENTIFIER IDENTIFIER // invalid syntax rule
733 { IdentifierBeforeIdentifier( *$1.str, *$2.str, "expression" ); $$ = nullptr; }
734 | IDENTIFIER type_qualifier // invalid syntax rule
735 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type qualifier" ); $$ = nullptr; }
736 | IDENTIFIER storage_class // invalid syntax rule
737 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "storage class" ); $$ = nullptr; }
738 | IDENTIFIER basic_type_name // invalid syntax rule
739 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
740 | IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname // invalid syntax rule
741 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
742 | IDENTIFIER TYPEGENname // invalid syntax rule
743 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
744 ;
745
746generic_assoc_list: // C11
747 generic_association
748 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
749 {
750 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
751 assert( 1 == $3->associations.size() );
752 $1->associations.push_back( $3->associations.front() );
753 delete $3;
754 $$ = $1;
755 }
756 ;
757
758generic_association: // C11
759 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
760 {
761 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
762 $$ = new ast::GenericExpr( yylloc, nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) } } );
763 }
764 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
765 { $$ = new ast::GenericExpr( yylloc, nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) } } ); }
766 ;
767
768postfix_expression:
769 primary_expression
770 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
771 // Historic, transitional: Disallow commas in subscripts.
772 // Switching to this behaviour may help check if a C compatibilty case uses comma-exprs in subscripts.
773 // Current: Commas in subscripts make tuples.
774 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, $3->set_last( $5 ) ) ) ) ); }
775 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
776 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
777 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
778 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
779 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
780 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
781 | constant '[' assignment_expression ']' // 3[a], 'a'[a], 3.5[a]
782 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
783 | string_literal '[' assignment_expression ']' // "abc"[3], 3["abc"]
784 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
785 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, constructor call
786 {
787 Token fn;
788 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
789 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::ConstructorExpr( yylloc, build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, fn ) ), $1->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
790 }
791 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
792 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, $1, $3 ) ); }
793 | VA_ARG '(' primary_expression ',' declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator_opt ')'
794 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_va_arg( yylloc, $3, ( $6 ? $6->addType( $5 ) : $5 ) ) ); }
795 | postfix_expression '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
796 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
797 | constant '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
798 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
799 | string_literal '`' identifier // CFA, postfix call
800 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, build_postfix_name( $3 ) ) ), $1 ) ); }
801
802 // SKULLDUGGERY: The typedef table used for parsing does not store fields in structures. To parse a qualified
803 // name, it is assumed all name-tokens after the first are identifiers, regardless of how the lexer identifies
804 // them. For example:
805 //
806 // struct S;
807 // forall(T) struct T;
808 // union U;
809 // enum E { S, T, E };
810 // struct Z { int S, T, Z, E, U; };
811 // void fred () {
812 // Z z;
813 // z.S; // lexer returns S is TYPEDEFname
814 // z.T; // lexer returns T is TYPEGENname
815 // z.Z; // lexer returns Z is TYPEDEFname
816 // z.U; // lexer returns U is TYPEDEFname
817 // z.E; // lexer returns E is TYPEDEFname
818 // }
819 | postfix_expression '.' identifier_or_type_name
820 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_varref( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
821
822 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
823 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$3 ) ) ); }
824 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
825 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( yylloc, *$2 ) ) ); }
826 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
827 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
828 | postfix_expression '.' aggregate_control
829 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( yylloc, $3, $1 ) ); }
830 | postfix_expression ARROW identifier
831 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_varref( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
832 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
833 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$3 ) ) ); }
834 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
835 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
836 | postfix_expression ICR
837 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
838 | postfix_expression DECR
839 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
840 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
841 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( yylloc, $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
842 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
843 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( yylloc, $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
844 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list_opt '}' // CFA, destructor call
845 {
846 Token fn;
847 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
848 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, fn ) ), $2->set_last( $4 ) ) );
849 }
850 ;
851
852field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
853 field
854 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
855 ;
856
857field: // CFA, tuple field selector
858 field_name
859 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
860 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( yylloc, *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ); }
861 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
862 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( yylloc, *$1 ) ), build_tuple( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
863 | field_name '.' field
864 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
865 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
866 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
867 | field_name ARROW field
868 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
869 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
870 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( yylloc, $1, build_tuple( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
871 ;
872
873field_name:
874 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
875 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( yylloc, build_constantInteger( yylloc, *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
876 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
877 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( yylloc, build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( yylloc, *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
878 | identifier_at fraction_constants_opt // CFA, allow anonymous fields
879 {
880 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( yylloc, build_varref( yylloc, $1 ), $2 ) );
881 }
882 ;
883
884fraction_constants_opt:
885 // empty
886 { $$ = nullptr; }
887 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
888 {
889 ast::Expr * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( yylloc, *$2 );
890 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( yylloc, $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
891 }
892 ;
893
894unary_expression:
895 postfix_expression
896 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
897 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
898 | constant
899 | string_literal
900 { $$ = $1; }
901 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
902 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
903 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
904 // { * X; } // dereference X
905 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
906 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
907 {
908 switch ( $1 ) {
909 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
910 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) );
911 break;
912 case OperKinds::PointTo:
913 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, $1, $2 ) );
914 break;
915 case OperKinds::And:
916 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AddressExpr( new ast::AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ) );
917 break;
918 default:
919 assert( false );
920 }
921 }
922 | unary_operator cast_expression
923 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, $1, $2 ) ); }
924 | ICR unary_expression
925 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
926 | DECR unary_expression
927 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
928 | SIZEOF unary_expression
929 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ); }
930 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
931 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
932 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
933 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AlignofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ); }
934 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
935 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AlignofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
936
937 // Cannot use rule "type", which includes cfa_abstract_function, for sizeof/alignof, because of S/R problems on
938 // look ahead, so the cfa_abstract_function is factored out.
939 | SIZEOF '(' cfa_abstract_function ')'
940 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::SizeofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
941 | ALIGNOF '(' cfa_abstract_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
942 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AlignofExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
943
944 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' identifier ')'
945 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( yylloc, $3, build_varref( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
946 | TYPEID '(' type ')'
947 {
948 SemanticError( yylloc, "typeid name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
949 // $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) );
950 }
951 | COUNTOF unary_expression
952 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CountExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $2 ) ) ); }
953 | COUNTOF '(' type_no_function ')'
954 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CountExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
955 ;
956
957ptrref_operator:
958 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
959 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
960 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
961 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
962 ;
963
964unary_operator:
965 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
966 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
967 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
968 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
969 ;
970
971cast_expression:
972 unary_expression
973 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
974 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( yylloc, $2, $4 ) ); }
975 | '(' aggregate_control '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
976 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( yylloc, $2, $5 ) ); }
977 | '(' aggregate_control '*' ')' cast_expression // CFA
978 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( yylloc, $2, $5 ) ); }
979 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
980 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::VirtualCastExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $4 ), nullptr ) ); }
981 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
982 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::VirtualCastExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
983 | '(' RETURN type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
984 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( yylloc, $3, $5, ast::CastExpr::Return ) ); }
985 | '(' COERCE type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
986 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Coerce cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
987 | '(' qualifier_cast_list ')' cast_expression // CFA
988 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualifier cast is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
989// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
990// { $$ = new ast::ExpressionNode( build_cast( yylloc, $2, $4 ) ); }
991 ;
992
993qualifier_cast_list:
994 cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
995 | cast_modifier MUTEX
996 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier type_qualifier_name
997 | qualifier_cast_list cast_modifier MUTEX
998 ;
999
1000cast_modifier:
1001 '-'
1002 | '+'
1003 ;
1004
1005exponential_expression:
1006 cast_expression
1007 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
1008 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
1009 ;
1010
1011multiplicative_expression:
1012 exponential_expression
1013 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
1014 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
1015 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
1016 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
1017 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
1018 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
1019 ;
1020
1021additive_expression:
1022 multiplicative_expression
1023 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
1024 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
1025 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
1026 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
1027 ;
1028
1029shift_expression:
1030 additive_expression
1031 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
1032 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
1033 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
1034 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
1035 ;
1036
1037relational_expression:
1038 shift_expression
1039 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
1040 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1041 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
1042 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1043 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
1044 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1045 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
1046 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
1047 ;
1048
1049equality_expression:
1050 relational_expression
1051 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
1052 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
1053 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
1054 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
1055 ;
1056
1057AND_expression:
1058 equality_expression
1059 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
1060 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
1061 ;
1062
1063exclusive_OR_expression:
1064 AND_expression
1065 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
1066 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
1067 ;
1068
1069inclusive_OR_expression:
1070 exclusive_OR_expression
1071 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
1072 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
1073 ;
1074
1075logical_AND_expression:
1076 inclusive_OR_expression
1077 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
1078 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( yylloc, $1, $3, ast::AndExpr ) ); }
1079 ;
1080
1081logical_OR_expression:
1082 logical_AND_expression
1083 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
1084 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( yylloc, $1, $3, ast::OrExpr ) ); }
1085 ;
1086
1087conditional_expression:
1088 logical_OR_expression
1089 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
1090 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( yylloc, $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
1091 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
1092 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( yylloc, $1, nullptr, $4 ) ); }
1093 ;
1094
1095constant_expression:
1096 conditional_expression
1097 ;
1098
1099argument_expression_list_opt:
1100 // empty
1101 { $$ = nullptr; }
1102 | argument_expression_list
1103 ;
1104
1105argument_expression_list:
1106 argument_expression
1107 // | argument_expression_list_opt ',' argument_expression // CFA, allow empty argument
1108 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression // no empty argument
1109 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1110 ;
1111
1112argument_expression:
1113 '?' // CFA, default parameter
1114 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Argument to default parameter is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1115 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( yylloc, *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
1116 | '?' identifier '=' assignment_expression // CFA, keyword argument
1117 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "keyword argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1118 { $$ = $4; }
1119 | assignment_expression
1120 ;
1121
1122assignment_expression:
1123 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
1124 conditional_expression
1125 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
1126 {
1127// if ( $2 == OperKinds::AtAssn ) {
1128// SemanticError( yylloc, "C @= assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1129// } else {
1130 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( yylloc, $2, $1, $3 ) );
1131// } // if
1132 }
1133 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1134 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1135 ;
1136
1137assignment_expression_opt:
1138 // empty
1139 { $$ = nullptr; }
1140 | assignment_expression
1141 ;
1142
1143assignment_operator:
1144 simple_assignment_operator
1145 | compound_assignment_operator
1146 ;
1147
1148simple_assignment_operator:
1149 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
1150 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; } // CFA
1151 ;
1152
1153compound_assignment_operator:
1154 EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
1155 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
1156 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
1157 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
1158 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
1159 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
1160 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
1161 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
1162 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
1163 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
1164 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
1165 ;
1166
1167tuple: // CFA, tuple
1168 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
1169 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
1170// '[' ']'
1171// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
1172// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
1173// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
1174 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
1175 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, (new ExpressionNode( nullptr ))->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
1176 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
1177 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( yylloc, $3->set_last( $6 ) ) ); }
1178 ;
1179
1180tuple_expression_list:
1181 assignment_expression
1182 | '@' // CFA
1183 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1184 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression
1185 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1186 | tuple_expression_list ',' '@'
1187 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Eliding tuple element with '@' is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1188 ;
1189
1190comma_expression:
1191 assignment_expression
1192 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
1193 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::CommaExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
1194 ;
1195
1196comma_expression_opt:
1197 // empty
1198 { $$ = nullptr; }
1199 | comma_expression
1200 ;
1201
1202// ************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
1203
1204statement:
1205 labeled_statement
1206 | compound_statement
1207 | expression_statement
1208 | selection_statement
1209 | iteration_statement
1210 | jump_statement
1211 | with_statement
1212 | mutex_statement
1213 | waitfor_statement
1214 | waituntil_statement
1215 | corun_statement
1216 | cofor_statement
1217 | exception_statement
1218 | enable_disable_statement
1219 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1220 | asm_statement
1221 | DIRECTIVE
1222 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1223 ;
1224
1225labeled_statement:
1226 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
1227 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
1228 { $$ = $4->add_label( yylloc, $1, $3 ); }
1229 | identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt error // invalid syntax rule
1230 {
1231 SemanticError( yylloc, "syntx error, label \"%s\" must be associated with a statement, "
1232 "where a declaration, case, or default is not a statement.\n"
1233 "Move the label or terminate with a semicolon.", $1.str->c_str() );
1234 $$ = nullptr;
1235 }
1236 ;
1237
1238compound_statement:
1239 '{' '}'
1240 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
1241 | '{' push
1242 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels appear at start of block
1243 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
1244 pop '}'
1245 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ); }
1246 ;
1247
1248statement_decl_list: // C99
1249 statement_decl
1250 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
1251 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1252 ;
1253
1254statement_decl:
1255 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1256 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1257 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1258 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1259 | function_definition
1260 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1261 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1262 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = new StatementNode( $2 ); }
1263 | statement
1264 ;
1265
1266statement_list_nodecl:
1267 statement
1268 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1269 { assert( $1 ); $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; }
1270 | statement_list_nodecl error // invalid syntax rule
1271 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, declarations only allowed at the start of the switch body,"
1272 " i.e., after the '{'." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1273 ;
1274
1275expression_statement:
1276 comma_expression_opt ';'
1277 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1278 ;
1279
1280// "if", "switch", and "choose" require parenthesis around the conditional. See the following ambiguities without
1281// parenthesis:
1282//
1283// if x + y + z; => if ( x ) + y + z or if ( x + y ) + z
1284//
1285// switch O { }
1286//
1287// O{} => object-constructor for conditional, switch body ???
1288// O{} => O for conditional followed by switch body
1289//
1290// C++ has this problem, as it has the same constructor syntax.
1291//
1292// switch sizeof ( T ) { }
1293//
1294// sizeof ( T ) => sizeof of T for conditional followed by switch body
1295// sizeof ( T ) => sizeof of compound literal (T){ }, closing parenthesis ???
1296//
1297// Note the two grammar rules for sizeof (alignof)
1298//
1299// | SIZEOF unary_expression
1300// | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
1301//
1302// where the first DOES NOT require parenthesis! And C++ inherits this problem from C.
1303
1304selection_statement:
1305 IF '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement %prec THEN
1306 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1307 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), nullptr ) ); }
1308 | IF '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement ELSE statement
1309 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $7 ) ) ); }
1310 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1311 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1312 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1313 {
1314 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, true, $3, $8 ) );
1315 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1316 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1317 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1318 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1319 // statement.
1320 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, (new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw ) ) ) : sw;
1321 }
1322 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' error '}' // CFA, invalid syntax rule error
1323 { SemanticError( yylloc, "synatx error, declarations can only appear before the list of case clauses." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1324 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1325 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1326 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1327 {
1328 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( yylloc, false, $3, $8 ) );
1329 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, (new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw ) ) ) : sw;
1330 }
1331 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' error '}' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1332 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, declarations can only appear before the list of case clauses." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1333 ;
1334
1335conditional_declaration:
1336 comma_expression
1337 { $$ = new CondCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1338 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1339 { $$ = new CondCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1340 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1341 { $$ = new CondCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
1342 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1343 { $$ = new CondCtl( $1, $2 ); }
1344 ;
1345
1346// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1347// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1348
1349case_value: // CFA
1350 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1351 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1352 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::RangeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
1353 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1354 ;
1355
1356case_value_list: // CFA
1357 case_value { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_case( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1358 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1359 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = $1->set_last( new ClauseNode( build_case( yylloc, $3 ) ) ); }
1360 ;
1361
1362case_label: // CFA
1363 CASE error // invalid syntax rule
1364 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, case list missing after case." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1365 | CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1366 | CASE case_value_list error // invalid syntax rule
1367 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, colon missing after case list." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1368 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_default( yylloc ) ); }
1369 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1370 | DEFAULT error // invalid syntax rule
1371 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, colon missing after default." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1372 ;
1373
1374case_label_list: // CFA
1375 case_label
1376 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
1377 ;
1378
1379case_clause: // CFA
1380 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1381 ;
1382
1383switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1384 // empty
1385 { $$ = nullptr; }
1386 | switch_clause_list
1387 ;
1388
1389switch_clause_list: // CFA
1390 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1391 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) ); }
1392 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1393 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( yylloc, $3 ) ) ) ); }
1394 ;
1395
1396iteration_statement:
1397 WHILE '(' ')' statement %prec THEN // CFA => while ( 1 )
1398 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, new CondCtl( nullptr, NEW_ONE ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
1399 | WHILE '(' ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1400 {
1401 $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, new CondCtl( nullptr, NEW_ONE ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) );
1402 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousElse );
1403 }
1404 | WHILE '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement %prec THEN
1405 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1406 | WHILE '(' conditional_declaration ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1407 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), $7 ) ); }
1408 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1409 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, NEW_ONE, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) ); }
1410 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ELSE statement // CFA
1411 {
1412 $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, NEW_ONE, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) );
1413 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousElse );
1414 }
1415 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1416 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, $5, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ) ) ); }
1417 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ELSE statement // CFA
1418 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( yylloc, $5, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $2 ), $8 ) ); }
1419 | FOR '(' ')' statement %prec THEN // CFA => for ( ;; )
1420 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, new ForCtrl( nullptr, nullptr, nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) ); }
1421 | FOR '(' ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1422 {
1423 $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, new ForCtrl( nullptr, nullptr, nullptr ), maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $4 ) ) );
1424 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousElse );
1425 }
1426 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement %prec THEN
1427 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1428 | FOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement ELSE statement // CFA
1429 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ), $7 ) ); }
1430 ;
1431
1432for_control_expression_list:
1433 for_control_expression
1434 | for_control_expression_list ':' for_control_expression
1435 // ForCtrl + ForCtrl:
1436 // init + init => multiple declaration statements that are hoisted
1437 // condition + condition => (expression) && (expression)
1438 // change + change => (expression), (expression)
1439 {
1440 $1->init->set_last( $3->init );
1441 if ( $1->condition ) {
1442 if ( $3->condition ) {
1443 $1->condition->expr.reset( new ast::LogicalExpr( yylloc, $1->condition->expr.release(), $3->condition->expr.release(), ast::AndExpr ) );
1444 } // if
1445 } else $1->condition = $3->condition;
1446 if ( $1->change ) {
1447 if ( $3->change ) {
1448 $1->change->expr.reset( new ast::CommaExpr( yylloc, $1->change->expr.release(), $3->change->expr.release() ) );
1449 } // if
1450 } else $1->change = $3->change;
1451 $$ = $1;
1452 }
1453 ;
1454
1455for_control_expression:
1456 ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1457 { $$ = new ForCtrl( nullptr, $2, $4 ); }
1458 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1459 {
1460 $$ = new ForCtrl( $1 ? new StatementNode( new ast::ExprStmt( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ) ) ) : nullptr, $3, $5 );
1461 }
1462 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1463 { $$ = new ForCtrl( new StatementNode( $1 ), $2, $4 ); }
1464
1465 | '@' ';' comma_expression // CFA, empty loop-index
1466 { $$ = new ForCtrl( nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
1467 | '@' ';' comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA, empty loop-index
1468 { $$ = new ForCtrl( nullptr, $3, $5 ); }
1469
1470 | comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1471 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), NEW_ZERO, OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), NEW_ONE ); }
1472 | downupdowneq comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1473 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $2, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), UPDOWN( $1, NEW_ZERO, $2->clone() ), $1, UPDOWN( $1, $2->clone(), NEW_ZERO ), NEW_ONE ); }
1474
1475 | comma_expression updowneq comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1476 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), UPDOWN( $2, $1->clone(), $3 ), $2, UPDOWN( $2, $3->clone(), $1->clone() ), NEW_ONE ); }
1477 | '@' updowneq comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1478 {
1479 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1480 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $3->clone(), $2, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1481 }
1482 | comma_expression updowneq '@' // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1483 {
1484 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1485 else { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1486 }
1487 | comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1488 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), UPDOWN( $2, $1->clone(), $3 ), $2, UPDOWN( $2, $3->clone(), $1->clone() ), $5 ); }
1489 | '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1490 {
1491 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1492 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $3->clone(), $2, nullptr, $5 );
1493 }
1494 | comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA, anonymous loop-index
1495 {
1496 if ( $2 == OperKinds::LThan || $2 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1497 else { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1498 }
1499 | comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1500 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1501 | '@' updowneq '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1502 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1503 | '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1504 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1505 | comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1506 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1507 | '@' updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1508 { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_ANON_FIELD ); $$ = nullptr; }
1509
1510 // These rules accept a comma_expression for the initialization, when only an identifier is correct. Being
1511 // permissive allows for a better error message from forCtrl.
1512 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression // CFA
1513 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, NEW_ZERO, OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), NEW_ONE ); }
1514 | comma_expression ';' downupdowneq comma_expression // CFA
1515 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $4, $1, UPDOWN( $3, NEW_ZERO, $4->clone() ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), NEW_ZERO ), NEW_ONE ); }
1516
1517 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1518 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, UPDOWN( $4, $3->clone(), $5 ), $4, UPDOWN( $4, $5->clone(), $3->clone() ), NEW_ONE ); }
1519 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1520 {
1521 if ( $4 == OperKinds::LThan || $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1522 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $5, $1, $5->clone(), $4, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1523 }
1524 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq '@' // CFA
1525 {
1526 if ( $4 == OperKinds::GThan || $4 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1527 else if ( $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1528 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1529 }
1530 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1531 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, missing low/high value for ascending/descending range so index is uninitialized." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1532
1533 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1534 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, UPDOWN( $4, $3->clone(), $5 ), $4, UPDOWN( $4, $5->clone(), $3->clone() ), $7 ); }
1535 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1536 {
1537 if ( $4 == OperKinds::LThan || $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1538 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $5, $1, $5->clone(), $4, nullptr, $7 );
1539 }
1540 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1541 {
1542 if ( $4 == OperKinds::GThan || $4 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1543 else if ( $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1544 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, nullptr, $7 );
1545 }
1546 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1547 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, UPDOWN( $4, $3->clone(), $5 ), $4, UPDOWN( $4, $5->clone(), $3->clone() ), nullptr ); }
1548 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1549 {
1550 if ( $4 == OperKinds::LThan || $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1551 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $5, $1, $5->clone(), $4, nullptr, nullptr );
1552 }
1553 | comma_expression ';' comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1554 {
1555 if ( $4 == OperKinds::GThan || $4 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1556 else if ( $4 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1557 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $3, $1, $3->clone(), $4, nullptr, nullptr );
1558 }
1559 | comma_expression ';' '@' updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1560 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, missing low/high value for ascending/descending range so index is uninitialized." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1561
1562 | declaration comma_expression // CFA
1563 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, NEW_ZERO, OperKinds::LThan, $2, NEW_ONE ); }
1564 | declaration downupdowneq comma_expression // CFA
1565 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $2, NEW_ZERO, $3 ), $2, UPDOWN( $2, $3->clone(), NEW_ZERO ), NEW_ONE ); }
1566
1567 | declaration comma_expression updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1568 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $3, $2->clone(), $4 ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), $2->clone() ), NEW_ONE ); }
1569 | declaration '@' updowneq comma_expression // CFA
1570 {
1571 if ( $3 == OperKinds::LThan || $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1572 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $4, $3, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1573 }
1574 | declaration comma_expression updowneq '@' // CFA
1575 {
1576 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan || $3 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1577 else if ( $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1578 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $2, $3, nullptr, NEW_ONE );
1579 }
1580
1581 | declaration comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1582 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $3, $2, $4 ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), $2->clone() ), $6 ); }
1583 | declaration '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' comma_expression // CFA
1584 {
1585 if ( $3 == OperKinds::LThan || $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1586 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $4, $3, nullptr, $6 );
1587 }
1588 | declaration comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' comma_expression // CFA
1589 {
1590 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan || $3 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1591 else if ( $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1592 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $2, $3, nullptr, $6 );
1593 }
1594 | declaration comma_expression updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1595 { $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, UPDOWN( $3, $2, $4 ), $3, UPDOWN( $3, $4->clone(), $2->clone() ), nullptr ); }
1596 | declaration '@' updowneq comma_expression '~' '@' // CFA
1597 {
1598 if ( $3 == OperKinds::LThan || $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_LOW ); $$ = nullptr; }
1599 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $4, $3, nullptr, nullptr );
1600 }
1601 | declaration comma_expression updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA
1602 {
1603 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan || $3 == OperKinds::GEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, MISSING_HIGH ); $$ = nullptr; }
1604 else if ( $3 == OperKinds::LEThan ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, equality with missing high value is meaningless. Use \"~\"." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1605 else $$ = forCtrl( yylloc, $1, $2, $3, nullptr, nullptr );
1606 }
1607 | declaration '@' updowneq '@' '~' '@' // CFA, invalid syntax rule
1608 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, missing low/high value for ascending/descending range so index is uninitialized." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1609
1610 | comma_expression ';' type_type_specifier // CFA, enum type
1611 {
1612 $$ = enumRangeCtrl( $1, OperKinds::LEThan, new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, $3->clone()->buildType() ) ), $3 );
1613 }
1614 | comma_expression ';' downupdowneq enum_key // CFA, enum type, reverse direction
1615 {
1616 if ( $3 == OperKinds::GThan ) {
1617 SemanticError( yylloc, "all enumeration ranges are equal (all values). Add an equal, e.g., ~=, -~=." ); $$ = nullptr;
1618 $3 = OperKinds::GEThan;
1619 } // if
1620 $$ = enumRangeCtrl( $1, $3, new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, $4->clone()->buildType() ) ), $4 );
1621 }
1622 ;
1623
1624enum_key:
1625 type_name
1626 {
1627 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$1->symbolic.name, "enum_type_nobody 1" );
1628 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $1->symbolic.name, nullptr, false, false );
1629 }
1630 | ENUM identifier
1631 {
1632 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2, "enum_type_nobody 2" );
1633 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, nullptr, false, false );
1634 }
1635 | ENUM type_name
1636 {
1637 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2->symbolic.name, "enum_type_nobody 3" );
1638 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2->symbolic.name, nullptr, false, false );
1639 }
1640 ;
1641
1642// This rule exists to handle the ambiguity with unary operator '~'. The rule is the same as updowneq minus the '~'.
1643// Specifically, "for ( ~5 )" means the complement of 5, not loop 0..4. Hence, in this case "for ( ~= 5 )", i.e., 0..5,
1644// it is not possible to just remove the '='. The entire '~=' must be removed.
1645downupdowneq:
1646 ErangeUp
1647 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1648 | ErangeDown
1649 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1650 | ErangeUpEq
1651 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1652 | ErangeDownEq
1653 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1654 ;
1655
1656updown:
1657 '~' // shorthand 0 ~ 10 => 0 +~ 10
1658 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1659 | ErangeUp
1660 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1661 | ErangeDown
1662 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1663 ;
1664
1665updowneq:
1666 updown
1667 | ErangeUpEq
1668 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1669 | ErangeDownEq
1670 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1671 ;
1672
1673jump_statement:
1674 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1675 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1676 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1677 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1678 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1679 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1680 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1681 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1682 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1683 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1684 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1685 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1686 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1687 | CONTINUE ';'
1688 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1689 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1690 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1691 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1692 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1693 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1694 | BREAK ';'
1695 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1696 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, ast::BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1697 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1698 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1699 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1700 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( yylloc, $2, ast::BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1701 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1702 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1703 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' ';'
1704 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1705 | SUSPEND ';'
1706 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, nullptr, ast::SuspendStmt::None ) ); }
1707 | SUSPEND compound_statement
1708 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, $2, ast::SuspendStmt::None ) ); }
1709 | SUSPEND COROUTINE ';'
1710 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, nullptr, ast::SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1711 | SUSPEND COROUTINE compound_statement
1712 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, $3, ast::SuspendStmt::Coroutine ) ); }
1713 | SUSPEND GENERATOR ';'
1714 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, nullptr, ast::SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1715 | SUSPEND GENERATOR compound_statement
1716 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_suspend( yylloc, $3, ast::SuspendStmt::Generator ) ); }
1717 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1718 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1719 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1720 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1721 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1722 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1723 ;
1724
1725fall_through_name: // CFA
1726 FALLTHRU
1727 | FALLTHROUGH
1728 ;
1729
1730with_statement:
1731 WITH '(' type_list ')' statement // support scoped enumeration
1732 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( yylloc, $3, $5 ) ); }
1733 ;
1734
1735// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so possibly change syntax to "with mutex".
1736mutex_statement:
1737 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')' statement
1738 {
1739 if ( ! $3 ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, mutex argument list cannot be empty." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1740 $$ = new StatementNode( build_mutex( yylloc, $3, $5 ) );
1741 }
1742 ;
1743
1744when_clause:
1745 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1746 ;
1747
1748when_clause_opt:
1749 // empty
1750 { $$ = nullptr; }
1751 | when_clause
1752 ;
1753
1754cast_expression_list:
1755 cast_expression
1756 | cast_expression_list ',' cast_expression
1757 { SemanticError( yylloc, "List of mutex member is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1758 ;
1759
1760timeout:
1761 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1762 ;
1763
1764wor:
1765 OROR
1766 | WOR
1767
1768waitfor:
1769 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1770 { $$ = $3; }
1771 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression_list ':' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
1772 { $$ = $3->set_last( $5 ); }
1773 ;
1774
1775wor_waitfor_clause:
1776 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1777 // Called first: create header for WaitForStmt.
1778 { $$ = build_waitfor( yylloc, new ast::WaitForStmt( yylloc ), $1, $2, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $3 ) ); }
1779 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt waitfor statement
1780 { $$ = build_waitfor( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ); }
1781 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1782 { $$ = build_waitfor_else( yylloc, $1, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ); }
1783 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1784 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ); }
1785 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1786 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt timeout statement wor ELSE statement // invalid syntax rule
1787 { SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1788 | wor_waitfor_clause wor when_clause_opt timeout statement wor when_clause ELSE statement
1789 { $$ = build_waitfor_else( yylloc, build_waitfor_timeout( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ), $7, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $9 ) ); }
1790 ;
1791
1792waitfor_statement:
1793 wor_waitfor_clause %prec THEN
1794 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1795 ;
1796
1797wand:
1798 ANDAND
1799 | WAND
1800 ;
1801
1802waituntil:
1803 WAITUNTIL '(' comma_expression ')'
1804 { $$ = $3; }
1805 ;
1806
1807waituntil_clause:
1808 when_clause_opt waituntil statement
1809 { $$ = build_waituntil_clause( yylloc, $1, $2, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $3 ) ); }
1810 | '(' wor_waituntil_clause ')'
1811 { $$ = $2; }
1812 ;
1813
1814wand_waituntil_clause:
1815 waituntil_clause %prec THEN
1816 { $$ = $1; }
1817 | waituntil_clause wand wand_waituntil_clause
1818 { $$ = new ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode( ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode::Op::AND, $1, $3 ); }
1819 ;
1820
1821wor_waituntil_clause:
1822 wand_waituntil_clause
1823 { $$ = $1; }
1824 | wor_waituntil_clause wor wand_waituntil_clause
1825 { $$ = new ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode( ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode::Op::OR, $1, $3 ); }
1826 | wor_waituntil_clause wor when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1827 { $$ = new ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode( ast::WaitUntilStmt::ClauseNode::Op::LEFT_OR, $1, build_waituntil_else( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1828 ;
1829
1830waituntil_statement:
1831 wor_waituntil_clause %prec THEN
1832 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waituntil_stmt( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
1833 ;
1834
1835corun_statement:
1836 CORUN statement
1837 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_corun( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1838 ;
1839
1840cofor_statement:
1841 COFOR '(' for_control_expression_list ')' statement
1842 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_cofor( yylloc, $3, maybe_build_compound( yylloc, $5 ) ) ); }
1843 ;
1844
1845exception_statement:
1846 TRY compound_statement handler_clause %prec THEN
1847 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( yylloc, $2, $3, nullptr ) ); }
1848 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1849 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( yylloc, $2, nullptr, $3 ) ); }
1850 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1851 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( yylloc, $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1852 ;
1853
1854handler_clause:
1855 handler_key '(' exception_declaration handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1856 { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_catch( yylloc, $1, $3, $4, $6 ) ); }
1857 | handler_clause handler_key '(' exception_declaration handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement
1858 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ClauseNode( build_catch( yylloc, $2, $4, $5, $7 ) ) ); }
1859 ;
1860
1861handler_predicate_opt:
1862 // empty
1863 { $$ = nullptr; }
1864 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1865 ;
1866
1867handler_key:
1868 CATCH { $$ = ast::Terminate; }
1869 | RECOVER { $$ = ast::Terminate; }
1870 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = ast::Resume; }
1871 | FIXUP { $$ = ast::Resume; }
1872 ;
1873
1874finally_clause:
1875 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new ClauseNode( build_finally( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
1876 ;
1877
1878exception_declaration:
1879 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1880 type_specifier_nobody
1881 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1882 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1883 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1884 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1885 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier // CFA
1886 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1887 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1888 ;
1889
1890enable_disable_statement:
1891 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1892 ;
1893
1894enable_disable_key:
1895 ENABLE
1896 | DISABLE
1897 ;
1898
1899asm_statement:
1900 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1901 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, nullptr ) ); }
1902 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1903 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1904 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1905 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1906 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1907 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1908 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1909 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, $2, $5, nullptr, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1910 ;
1911
1912asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1913 // empty
1914 { $$ = false; }
1915 | VOLATILE
1916 { $$ = true; }
1917 ;
1918
1919asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1920 // empty
1921 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1922 | asm_operands_list
1923 ;
1924
1925asm_operands_list: // GCC
1926 asm_operand
1927 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1928 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1929 ;
1930
1931asm_operand: // GCC
1932 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1933 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AsmExpr( yylloc, "", maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
1934 | '[' IDENTIFIER ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1935 {
1936 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::AsmExpr( yylloc, *$2.str, maybeMoveBuild( $4 ), maybeMoveBuild( $6 ) ) );
1937 delete $2.str;
1938 }
1939 ;
1940
1941asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1942 // empty
1943 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1944 | string_literal
1945 { $$ = $1; }
1946 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1947 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
1948 ;
1949
1950label_list:
1951 identifier
1952 {
1953 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.emplace_back( yylloc, *$1 );
1954 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1955 }
1956 | label_list ',' identifier
1957 {
1958 $$ = $1; $1->labels.emplace_back( yylloc, *$3 );
1959 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1960 }
1961 ;
1962
1963// ****************************** DECLARATIONS *********************************
1964
1965declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1966 // empty
1967 { $$ = nullptr; }
1968 | declaration_list
1969 ;
1970
1971declaration_list:
1972 declaration
1973 | declaration_list declaration
1974 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
1975 ;
1976
1977KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1978 // empty
1979 { $$ = nullptr; }
1980 | KR_parameter_list
1981 ;
1982
1983KR_parameter_list:
1984 c_declaration ';'
1985 { $$ = $1; }
1986 | KR_parameter_list c_declaration ';'
1987 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
1988 ;
1989
1990local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1991 // empty
1992 | local_label_declaration_list
1993 ;
1994
1995local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1996 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1997 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1998 ;
1999
2000local_label_list: // GCC, local label
2001 identifier_or_type_name
2002 | local_label_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2003 ;
2004
2005declaration: // old & new style declarations
2006 c_declaration ';'
2007 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
2008 | static_assert ';' // C11
2009 ;
2010
2011static_assert:
2012 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' // C11
2013 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, maybeMoveBuild( $5 ) ); }
2014 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' // CFA
2015 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( yylloc, *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
2016
2017// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
2018// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
2019// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
2020// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
2021// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
2022// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
2023//
2024// CFA C
2025// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
2026// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
2027
2028cfa_declaration: // CFA
2029 cfa_variable_declaration
2030 | cfa_typedef_declaration
2031 | cfa_function_declaration
2032 | type_declaring_list
2033 { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2034 | trait_specifier
2035 ;
2036
2037cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
2038 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
2039 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
2040 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
2041 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
2042 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
2043 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
2044 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
2045 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
2046 ;
2047
2048cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
2049 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
2050 // storage-class
2051 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2052 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
2053 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2054 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
2055 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
2056 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
2057
2058 // [ int s, int t ]; // declare s and t
2059 // [ int, int ] f();
2060 // [] g( int );
2061 // [ int x, int y ] = f(); // declare x and y, initialize each from f
2062 // g( x + y );
2063 | cfa_function_return asm_name_opt
2064 { SemanticError( yylloc, "tuple-element declarations is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2065 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_return asm_name_opt
2066 { SemanticError( yylloc, "tuple variable declaration is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2067 ;
2068
2069cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
2070 cfa_function_specifier
2071 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
2072 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2073 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
2074 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2075 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
2076 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2077 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')'
2078 {
2079 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
2080 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
2081 ret->type = maybeCopy( $1->type->base );
2082 $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
2083 }
2084 ;
2085
2086cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
2087 '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2088 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $6, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $9 ); }
2089 | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2090 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $6, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $9 ); }
2091 // | '[' ']' TYPEGENname '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2092 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $6, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $9 ); }
2093
2094 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
2095 //
2096 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
2097 // '[' ']' type_specifier
2098 //
2099 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
2100 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
2101 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2102 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2103 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
2104 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')' attribute_list_opt
2105 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, nullptr )->addQualifiers( $8 ); }
2106 ;
2107
2108cfa_function_return: // CFA
2109 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
2110 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
2111 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
2112 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
2113 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->set_last( $5 ) ); }
2114 ;
2115
2116cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
2117 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
2118 {
2119 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "cfa_typedef_declaration 1" );
2120 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
2121 }
2122 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
2123 {
2124 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "cfa_typedef_declaration 2" );
2125 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
2126 }
2127 | cfa_typedef_declaration ',' identifier
2128 {
2129 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3, TYPEDEFname, "cfa_typedef_declaration 3" );
2130 $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $3 ) );
2131 }
2132 ;
2133
2134// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
2135// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
2136
2137typedef_declaration:
2138 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
2139 {
2140 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "typedef_declaration 1" );
2141 if ( $2->type->forall || ($2->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate && $2->type->aggregate.params) ) {
2142 SemanticError( yylloc, "forall qualifier in typedef is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
2143 } else $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef(); // watchout frees $2 and $3
2144 }
2145 | typedef_declaration ',' declarator
2146 {
2147 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "typedef_declaration 2" );
2148 $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneBaseType( $3 )->addTypedef() );
2149 }
2150 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
2151 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Type qualifiers/specifiers before TYPEDEF is deprecated, move after TYPEDEF." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2152 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
2153 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Type qualifiers/specifiers before TYPEDEF is deprecated, move after TYPEDEF." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2154 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
2155 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Type qualifiers/specifiers before TYPEDEF is deprecated, move after TYPEDEF." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2156 ;
2157
2158typedef_expression:
2159 // deprecated GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
2160 TYPEDEF identifier '=' assignment_expression
2161 {
2162 SemanticError( yylloc, "TYPEDEF expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
2163 }
2164 | typedef_expression ',' identifier '=' assignment_expression
2165 {
2166 SemanticError( yylloc, "TYPEDEF expression is deprecated, use typeof(...) instead." ); $$ = nullptr;
2167 }
2168 ;
2169
2170c_declaration:
2171 declaration_specifier declaring_list
2172 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
2173 | typedef_declaration
2174 | typedef_expression // deprecated GCC, naming expression type
2175 | sue_declaration_specifier
2176 {
2177 assert( $1->type );
2178 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.any() ) { // CV qualifiers ?
2179 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, useless type qualifier(s) in empty declaration." ); $$ = nullptr;
2180 }
2181 // enums are never empty declarations because there must have at least one enumeration.
2182 if ( $1->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && $1->storageClasses.any() ) { // storage class ?
2183 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, useless storage qualifier(s) in empty aggregate declaration." ); $$ = nullptr;
2184 }
2185 }
2186 ;
2187
2188declaring_list:
2189 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
2190 // storage-class
2191 variable_declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
2192 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
2193 | variable_type_redeclarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
2194 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
2195
2196 | general_function_declarator asm_name_opt
2197 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( nullptr ); }
2198 | general_function_declarator asm_name_opt '=' VOID
2199 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( true ) ); }
2200
2201 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
2202 { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
2203 ;
2204
2205general_function_declarator:
2206 function_type_redeclarator
2207 | function_declarator
2208 ;
2209
2210declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
2211 basic_declaration_specifier
2212 | type_declaration_specifier
2213 | sue_declaration_specifier
2214 | sue_declaration_specifier invalid_types // invalid syntax rule
2215 {
2216 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, expecting ';' at end of \"%s\" declaration.",
2217 ast::AggregateDecl::aggrString( $1->type->aggregate.kind ) );
2218 $$ = nullptr;
2219 }
2220 ;
2221
2222invalid_types:
2223 aggregate_key
2224 | basic_type_name
2225 | indirect_type
2226 ;
2227
2228declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
2229 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
2230 //
2231 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
2232 //
2233 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
2234 basic_declaration_specifier
2235 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
2236 | type_declaration_specifier
2237 ;
2238
2239type_specifier: // type specifier
2240 basic_type_specifier
2241 | sue_type_specifier
2242 | type_type_specifier
2243 ;
2244
2245type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
2246 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
2247 //
2248 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
2249 //
2250 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
2251 basic_type_specifier
2252 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
2253 | type_type_specifier
2254 ;
2255
2256type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
2257 // empty
2258 { $$ = nullptr; }
2259 | type_qualifier_list
2260 ;
2261
2262type_qualifier_list:
2263 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
2264 //
2265 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
2266 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
2267 // appeared only once.
2268 type_qualifier
2269 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
2270 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2271 ;
2272
2273type_qualifier:
2274 type_qualifier_name
2275 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ); }
2276 | attribute // trick handles most attribute locations
2277 ;
2278
2279type_qualifier_name:
2280 CONST
2281 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Const ); }
2282 | RESTRICT
2283 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Restrict ); }
2284 | VOLATILE
2285 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Volatile ); }
2286 | ATOMIC
2287 { $$ = build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Atomic ); }
2288
2289 // forall is a CV qualifier because it can appear in places where SC qualifiers are disallowed.
2290 //
2291 // void foo( forall( T ) T (*)( T ) ); // forward declaration
2292 // void bar( static int ); // static disallowed (gcc/CFA)
2293 | forall
2294 { $$ = build_forall( $1 ); }
2295 ;
2296
2297forall:
2298 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
2299 { $$ = $3; }
2300 ;
2301
2302declaration_qualifier_list:
2303 storage_class_list
2304 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
2305 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2306 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
2307 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2308 ;
2309
2310storage_class_list:
2311 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
2312 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
2313 //
2314 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
2315 // specifiers in a declaration.
2316 storage_class
2317 | storage_class_list storage_class
2318 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2319 ;
2320
2321storage_class:
2322 EXTERN
2323 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Extern ); }
2324 | STATIC
2325 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Static ); }
2326 | AUTO
2327 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Auto ); }
2328 | REGISTER
2329 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::Register ); }
2330 | THREADLOCALGCC // GCC
2331 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::ThreadLocalGcc ); }
2332 | THREADLOCALC11 // C11
2333 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( ast::Storage::ThreadLocalC11 ); }
2334 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
2335 | INLINE // C99
2336 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( ast::Function::Inline ); }
2337 | FORTRAN // C99
2338 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( ast::Function::Fortran ); }
2339 | NORETURN // C11
2340 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( ast::Function::Noreturn ); }
2341 ;
2342
2343basic_type_name:
2344 basic_type_name_type
2345 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ); }
2346 ;
2347
2348// Just an intermediate value for conversion.
2349basic_type_name_type:
2350 VOID
2351 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Void ); }
2352 | BOOL // C99
2353 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Bool ); }
2354 | CHAR
2355 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Char ); }
2356 | INT
2357 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Int ); }
2358 | INT128
2359 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Int128 ); }
2360 | UINT128
2361 { $$ = addType( build_basic_type( TypeData::Int128 ), build_signedness( TypeData::Unsigned ) ); }
2362 | FLOAT
2363 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Float ); }
2364 | DOUBLE
2365 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::Double ); }
2366 | uuFLOAT80
2367 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uuFloat80 ); }
2368 | uuFLOAT128
2369 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uuFloat128 ); }
2370 | uFLOAT16
2371 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uFloat16 ); }
2372 | uFLOAT32
2373 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uFloat32 ); }
2374 | uFLOAT32X
2375 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uFloat32x ); }
2376 | uFLOAT64
2377 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uFloat64 ); }
2378 | uFLOAT64X
2379 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uFloat64x ); }
2380 | uFLOAT128
2381 { $$ = build_basic_type( TypeData::uFloat128 ); }
2382 | DECIMAL32
2383 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal32 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2384 | DECIMAL64
2385 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal64 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2386 | DECIMAL128
2387 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Decimal128 is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2388 | COMPLEX // C99
2389 { $$ = build_complex_type( TypeData::Complex ); }
2390 | IMAGINARY // C99
2391 { $$ = build_complex_type( TypeData::Imaginary ); }
2392 | SIGNED
2393 { $$ = build_signedness( TypeData::Signed ); }
2394 | UNSIGNED
2395 { $$ = build_signedness( TypeData::Unsigned ); }
2396 | SHORT
2397 { $$ = build_length( TypeData::Short ); }
2398 | LONG
2399 { $$ = build_length( TypeData::Long ); }
2400 | VA_LIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
2401 { $$ = build_builtin_type( TypeData::Valist ); }
2402 | AUTO_TYPE
2403 { $$ = build_builtin_type( TypeData::AutoType ); }
2404 | vtable
2405 ;
2406
2407vtable_opt:
2408 // empty
2409 { $$ = nullptr; }
2410 | vtable
2411 ;
2412
2413vtable:
2414 VTABLE '(' type_name ')' default_opt
2415 { $$ = build_vtable_type( $3 ); }
2416 ;
2417
2418default_opt:
2419 // empty
2420 { $$ = nullptr; }
2421 | DEFAULT
2422 { SemanticError( yylloc, "vtable default is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2423 ;
2424
2425basic_declaration_specifier:
2426 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
2427 basic_type_specifier
2428 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
2429 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2430 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2431 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2432 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2433 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2434 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
2435 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
2436 ;
2437
2438basic_type_specifier:
2439 direct_type
2440 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
2441 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
2442 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2443 ;
2444
2445direct_type:
2446 basic_type_name
2447 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
2448 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2449 | direct_type type_qualifier
2450 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2451 | direct_type basic_type_name
2452 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
2453 ;
2454
2455indirect_type:
2456 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
2457 { $$ = $3; }
2458 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
2459 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
2460 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
2461 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
2462 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
2463 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
2464 | ZERO_T // CFA
2465 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_builtin_type( TypeData::Zero ) ); }
2466 | ONE_T // CFA
2467 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_builtin_type( TypeData::One ) ); }
2468 ;
2469
2470sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
2471 sue_type_specifier
2472 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
2473 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2474 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2475 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2476 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2477 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2478 ;
2479
2480sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
2481 elaborated_type
2482 | type_qualifier_list
2483 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
2484 elaborated_type
2485 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2486 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
2487 {
2488 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2489 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
2490 }
2491 ;
2492
2493sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
2494 sue_type_specifier_nobody
2495 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
2496 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2497 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2498 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2499 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
2500 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2501 ;
2502
2503sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
2504 elaborated_type_nobody
2505 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
2506 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2507 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
2508 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2509 ;
2510
2511type_declaration_specifier:
2512 type_type_specifier
2513 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
2514 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2515 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
2516 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2517 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
2518 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2519 ;
2520
2521type_type_specifier: // typedef types
2522 type_name
2523 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $1 ); }
2524 | type_qualifier_list type_name
2525 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2526 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
2527 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2528 ;
2529
2530type_name:
2531 TYPEDEFname
2532 { $$ = build_typedef( $1 ); }
2533 | '.' TYPEDEFname
2534 { $$ = build_qualified_type( build_global_scope(), build_typedef( $2 ) ); }
2535 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
2536 { $$ = build_qualified_type( $1, build_typedef( $3 ) ); }
2537 | typegen_name
2538 | '.' typegen_name
2539 { $$ = build_qualified_type( build_global_scope(), $2 ); }
2540 | type_name '.' typegen_name
2541 { $$ = build_qualified_type( $1, $3 ); }
2542 ;
2543
2544typegen_name: // CFA
2545 TYPEGENname
2546 { $$ = build_type_gen( $1, nullptr ); }
2547 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
2548 { $$ = build_type_gen( $1, nullptr ); }
2549 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
2550 { $$ = build_type_gen( $1, $3 ); }
2551 ;
2552
2553elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
2554 aggregate_type
2555 | enum_type
2556 ;
2557
2558elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
2559 aggregate_type_nobody
2560 | enum_type_nobody
2561 ;
2562
2563// ************************** AGGREGATE *******************************
2564
2565aggregate_type: // struct, union
2566 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
2567 { forall = false; } // reset
2568 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2569 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2570 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2571 {
2572 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type: 1" );
2573 forall = false; // reset
2574 }
2575 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2576 {
2577 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2578 }
2579 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname // unqualified type name
2580 {
2581 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type: 2" );
2582 forall = false; // reset
2583 }
2584 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2585 {
2586 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_typedef( $3 ) );
2587 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2588 }
2589 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEGENname // unqualified type name
2590 {
2591 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type: 3" );
2592 forall = false; // reset
2593 }
2594 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
2595 {
2596 DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_gen( $3, nullptr ) );
2597 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $8, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2598 }
2599 | aggregate_type_nobody
2600 ;
2601
2602type_parameters_opt:
2603 // empty
2604 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
2605 | '(' type_list ')'
2606 { $$ = $2; }
2607 ;
2608
2609aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
2610 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt identifier
2611 {
2612 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname, "aggregate_type_nobody" );
2613 forall = false; // reset
2614 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2615 }
2616 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name
2617 {
2618 forall = false; // reset
2619 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2620 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2621 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2622 if ( $3->kind == TypeData::SymbolicInst && ! $3->symbolic.isTypedef ) {
2623 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( $3 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2624 } else {
2625 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->symbolic.name, $3->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2626 $3->symbolic.name = nullptr; // copied to $$
2627 $3->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2628 delete $3;
2629 }
2630 }
2631 ;
2632
2633aggregate_key:
2634 aggregate_data
2635 | aggregate_control
2636 ;
2637
2638aggregate_data:
2639 STRUCT vtable_opt
2640 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Struct; }
2641 | UNION
2642 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Union; }
2643 | EXCEPTION // CFA
2644 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Exception; }
2645 ;
2646
2647aggregate_control: // CFA
2648 MONITOR
2649 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2650 | MUTEX STRUCT
2651 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Monitor; }
2652 | GENERATOR
2653 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Generator; }
2654 | MUTEX GENERATOR
2655 {
2656 SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor generator is currently unimplemented." );
2657 $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::NoAggregate;
2658 }
2659 | COROUTINE
2660 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Coroutine; }
2661 | MUTEX COROUTINE
2662 {
2663 SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor coroutine is currently unimplemented." );
2664 $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::NoAggregate;
2665 }
2666 | THREAD
2667 { $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::Thread; }
2668 | MUTEX THREAD
2669 {
2670 SemanticError( yylloc, "monitor thread is currently unimplemented." );
2671 $$ = ast::AggregateDecl::NoAggregate;
2672 }
2673 ;
2674
2675field_declaration_list_opt:
2676 // empty
2677 { $$ = nullptr; }
2678 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2679 { $$ = $1 ? $1->set_last( $2 ) : $2; }
2680 ;
2681
2682field_declaration:
2683 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2684 {
2685 // printf( "type_specifier1 %p %s\n", $$, $$->type->aggregate.name ? $$->type->aggregate.name->c_str() : "(nil)" );
2686 $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 );
2687 // printf( "type_specifier2 %p %s\n", $$, $$->type->aggregate.name ? $$->type->aggregate.name->c_str() : "(nil)" );
2688 // for ( Attribute * attr: reverseIterate( $$->attributes ) ) {
2689 // printf( "\tattr %s\n", attr->name.c_str() );
2690 // } // for
2691 }
2692 | type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt '}' // invalid syntax rule
2693 {
2694 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, expecting ';' at end of previous declaration." );
2695 $$ = nullptr;
2696 }
2697 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2698 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2699 | STATIC type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // CFA
2700 { SemanticError( yylloc, "STATIC aggregate field qualifier currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2701 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2702 {
2703 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2704 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2705 } // if
2706 $3->inLine = true;
2707 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2708 distInl( $3 );
2709 }
2710 | INLINE aggregate_control ';' // CFA
2711 { SemanticError( yylloc, "INLINE aggregate control currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2712 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2713 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2714 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2715 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2716 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2717 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2718 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2719 | static_assert ';' // C11
2720 ;
2721
2722field_declaring_list_opt:
2723 // empty
2724 { $$ = nullptr; }
2725 | field_declarator
2726 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2727 { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2728 ;
2729
2730field_declarator:
2731 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2732 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2733 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2734 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2735 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2736 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2737 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2738 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2739 | function_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2740 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2741 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2742 ;
2743
2744field_abstract_list_opt:
2745 // empty
2746 { $$ = nullptr; }
2747 | field_abstract
2748 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2749 { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2750 ;
2751
2752field_abstract:
2753 // no bit fields
2754 variable_abstract_declarator
2755 ;
2756
2757cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2758 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2759 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple identifier_or_type_name
2760 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2761 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
2762 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2763 ;
2764
2765cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2766 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2767 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2768 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2769 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2770 ;
2771
2772bit_subrange_size_opt:
2773 // empty
2774 { $$ = nullptr; }
2775 | bit_subrange_size
2776 ;
2777
2778bit_subrange_size:
2779 ':' assignment_expression
2780 { $$ = $2; }
2781 ;
2782
2783// ************************** ENUMERATION *******************************
2784
2785enum_type:
2786 // anonymous, no type name
2787 ENUM attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2788 {
2789 if ( $3 == EnumHiding::Hide ) {
2790 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, hiding ('!') the enumerator names of an anonymous enumeration means the names are inaccessible." ); $$ = nullptr;
2791 } // if
2792 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $5, true, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2793 }
2794 | ENUM enumerator_type attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2795 {
2796 if ( $2 && ($2->storageClasses.val != 0 || $2->type->qualifiers.any()) ) {
2797 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." );
2798 }
2799 if ( $4 == EnumHiding::Hide ) {
2800 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, hiding ('!') the enumerator names of an anonymous enumeration means the names are inaccessible." ); $$ = nullptr;
2801 } // if
2802 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $6, true, true, $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 );
2803 }
2804
2805 // named type
2806 | ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2807 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, "enum_type 1" ); }
2808 hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2809 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $7, true, false, nullptr, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2810 | ENUM attribute_list_opt typedef_name hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}' // unqualified type name
2811 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->name, $6, true, false, nullptr, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2812 | ENUM enumerator_type attribute_list_opt identifier attribute_list_opt
2813 {
2814 if ( $2 && ($2->storageClasses.any() || $2->type->qualifiers.val != 0) ) {
2815 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, storage-class and CV qualifiers are not meaningful for enumeration constants, which are const." );
2816 }
2817 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$4, "enum_type 2" );
2818 }
2819 hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2820 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $4, $9, true, true, $2, $7 )->addQualifiers( $3 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
2821 | ENUM enumerator_type attribute_list_opt typedef_name attribute_list_opt hide_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2822 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $4->name, $8, true, true, $2, $6 )->addQualifiers( $3 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
2823
2824 // forward declaration
2825 | enum_type_nobody
2826 ;
2827
2828enumerator_type:
2829 '(' ')' // pure enumeration
2830 { $$ = nullptr; }
2831 | '(' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration ')' // typed enumeration
2832 { $$ = $2; }
2833 ;
2834
2835hide_opt:
2836 // empty
2837 { $$ = EnumHiding::Visible; }
2838 | '!'
2839 { $$ = EnumHiding::Hide; }
2840 ;
2841
2842enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2843 ENUM attribute_list_opt identifier
2844 {
2845 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, "enum_type_nobody 1" );
2846 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, nullptr, false, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2847 }
2848 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2849 {
2850 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->symbolic.name, "enum_type_nobody 2" );
2851 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->symbolic.name, nullptr, false, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2852 }
2853 ;
2854
2855enumerator_list:
2856 // empty
2857 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enumeration must have a minimum of one enumerator, empty enumerator list is meaningless." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2858 | visible_hide_opt identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumValueGeneric( $2, $3 ); }
2860 | INLINE type_name
2861 {
2862 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumInLine( $2->symbolic.name );
2863 $2->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2864 delete $2;
2865 }
2866 | enumerator_list ',' visible_hide_opt identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2867 { $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newEnumValueGeneric( $4, $5 ) ); }
2868 | enumerator_list ',' INLINE type_name
2869 { $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newEnumInLine( $4->symbolic.name ) ); }
2870 ;
2871
2872visible_hide_opt:
2873 hide_opt
2874 | '^'
2875 { $$ = EnumHiding::Visible; }
2876 ;
2877
2878enumerator_value_opt:
2879 // empty
2880 { $$ = nullptr; }
2881 | '=' constant_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2 ); }
2882 | '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $3, true ); }
2883 // | simple_assignment_operator initializer
2884 // { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2885 ;
2886
2887// ************************** FUNCTION PARAMETERS *******************************
2888
2889parameter_list_ellipsis_opt:
2890 // empty
2891 { $$ = nullptr; }
2892 | ELLIPSIS
2893 { $$ = nullptr; }
2894 | parameter_list
2895 | parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS
2896 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2897 ;
2898
2899parameter_list: // abstract + real
2900 parameter_declaration
2901 | abstract_parameter_declaration
2902 | parameter_list ',' parameter_declaration
2903 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2904 | parameter_list ',' abstract_parameter_declaration
2905 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2906 ;
2907
2908cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2909 // empty
2910 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_basic_type( TypeData::Void ) ); }
2911 | ELLIPSIS
2912 { $$ = nullptr; }
2913 | cfa_parameter_list
2914 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2915 | cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2916 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2917 | cfa_parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS
2918 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2919 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS
2920 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2921 ;
2922
2923cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2924 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2925 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2926 cfa_parameter_declaration
2927 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' cfa_parameter_declaration
2928 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2929 | cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_parameter_declaration
2930 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2931 | cfa_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' cfa_parameter_declaration
2932 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 )->set_last( $5 ); }
2933 ;
2934
2935cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2936 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2937 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list ',' cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2938 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
2939 ;
2940
2941// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2942// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2943
2944parameter_declaration:
2945 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2946 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2947 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2948 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initializer_opt
2949 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2950 ;
2951
2952abstract_parameter_declaration:
2953 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initializer_opt
2954 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2955 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initializer_opt
2956 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2957 ;
2958
2959cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2960 parameter_declaration
2961 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2962 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2963 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2964 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2965 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2966 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initializer_opt
2967 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2968 | cfa_function_specifier // int f( "int fp()" );
2969 ;
2970
2971cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2972 abstract_parameter_declaration
2973 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2974 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2975 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2976 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2977 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2978 | cfa_abstract_function // int f( "int ()" );
2979 ;
2980
2981// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2982// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2983// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2984
2985identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2986 identifier
2987 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2988 | identifier_list ',' identifier
2989 { $$ = $1->set_last( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2990 ;
2991
2992type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2993 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2994 | type_specifier // cannot be type_specifier_nobody, e.g., (struct S {}){} is a thing
2995 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2996 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2997 ;
2998
2999type: // typeof, assertion
3000 type_no_function
3001 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
3002 ;
3003
3004initializer_opt:
3005 // empty
3006 { $$ = nullptr; }
3007 | simple_assignment_operator initializer { $$ = $1 == OperKinds::Assign ? $2 : $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
3008 | '=' VOID { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
3009 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
3010 ;
3011
3012initializer:
3013 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
3014 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
3015 ;
3016
3017initializer_list_opt:
3018 // empty
3019 { $$ = nullptr; }
3020 | initializer
3021 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
3022 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
3023 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer { $$ = $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ); }
3024 ;
3025
3026// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
3027// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
3028//
3029// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
3030//
3031// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
3032// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
3033// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
3034// shift/reduce conflicts
3035
3036designation:
3037 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
3038 | identifier_at ':' // GCC, field name
3039 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $1 ) ); }
3040 ;
3041
3042designator_list: // C99
3043 designator
3044 | designator_list designator
3045 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
3046 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
3047 ;
3048
3049designator:
3050 '.' identifier_at // C99, field name
3051 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( yylloc, $2 ) ); }
3052 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
3053 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
3054 { $$ = $3; }
3055 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
3056 { $$ = $3; }
3057 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
3058 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::RangeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild( $5 ) ) ); }
3059 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
3060 { $$ = $4; }
3061 ;
3062
3063// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
3064// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
3065//
3066// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
3067//
3068// Type declarations: "otype" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
3069// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
3070// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
3071//
3072// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
3073// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
3074//
3075// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
3076// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
3077// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
3078// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
3079// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
3080
3081type_parameter_list: // CFA
3082 type_parameter
3083 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
3084 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
3085 ;
3086
3087type_initializer_opt: // CFA
3088 // empty
3089 { $$ = nullptr; }
3090 | '=' type
3091 { $$ = $2; }
3092 ;
3093
3094type_parameter: // CFA
3095 type_class identifier_or_type_name
3096 {
3097 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "type_parameter 1" );
3098 if ( $1 == ast::TypeDecl::Otype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "otype keyword is deprecated, use T " ); }
3099 if ( $1 == ast::TypeDecl::Dtype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "dtype keyword is deprecated, use T &" ); }
3100 if ( $1 == ast::TypeDecl::Ttype ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "ttype keyword is deprecated, use T ..." ); }
3101 }
3102 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
3103 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
3104 | identifier_or_type_name new_type_class
3105 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "type_parameter 2" ); }
3106 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
3107 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $2, $1 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
3108 | '[' identifier_or_type_name ']'
3109 {
3110 typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDIMname, "type_parameter 3" );
3111 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( ast::TypeDecl::Dimension, $2 );
3112 }
3113 // | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
3114 | assertion_list
3115 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( ast::TypeDecl::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
3116 | ENUM '(' identifier_or_type_name ')' identifier_or_type_name new_type_class type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
3117 {
3118 typedefTable.addToScope( *$3, TYPEDIMname, "type_parameter 4" );
3119 typedefTable.addToScope( *$5, TYPEDIMname, "type_parameter 5" );
3120 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $6, $5 )->addTypeInitializer( $7 )->addAssertions( $8 );
3121 }
3122 ;
3123
3124new_type_class: // CFA
3125 // empty
3126 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Otype; }
3127 | '&'
3128 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Dtype; }
3129 | '*'
3130 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::DStype; } // Dtype + sized
3131 // | '(' '*' ')' // Gregor made me do it
3132 // { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ftype; }
3133 | ELLIPSIS
3134 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ttype; }
3135 ;
3136
3137type_class: // CFA
3138 OTYPE
3139 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Otype; }
3140 | DTYPE
3141 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Dtype; }
3142 | FTYPE
3143 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ftype; }
3144 | TTYPE
3145 { $$ = ast::TypeDecl::Ttype; }
3146 ;
3147
3148assertion_list_opt: // CFA
3149 // empty
3150 { $$ = nullptr; }
3151 | assertion_list
3152 ;
3153
3154assertion_list: // CFA
3155 assertion
3156 | assertion_list assertion
3157 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
3158 ;
3159
3160assertion: // CFA
3161 '|' identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
3162 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
3163 | '|' '{' trait_declaration_list '}'
3164 { $$ = $3; }
3165 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
3166 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3167 ;
3168
3169type_list: // CFA
3170 type
3171 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
3172 | assignment_expression
3173 | type_list ',' type
3174 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ); }
3175 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
3176 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3 ); }
3177 ;
3178
3179type_declaring_list: // CFA
3180 OTYPE type_declarator
3181 { $$ = $2; }
3182 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
3183 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3184 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
3185 { $$ = $1->set_last( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
3186 ;
3187
3188type_declarator: // CFA
3189 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
3190 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
3191 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
3192 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
3193 ;
3194
3195type_declarator_name: // CFA
3196 identifier_or_type_name
3197 {
3198 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "type_declarator_name 1" );
3199 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, nullptr );
3200 }
3201 | identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
3202 {
3203 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "type_declarator_name 2" );
3204 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
3205 }
3206 ;
3207
3208trait_specifier: // CFA
3209 TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
3210 {
3211 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::DeprecTraitSyntax );
3212 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, nullptr );
3213 }
3214 | forall TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '{' '}' // alternate
3215 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $3, $1, nullptr ); }
3216 | TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' trait_declaration_list '}'
3217 {
3218 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::DeprecTraitSyntax );
3219 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $7 );
3220 }
3221 | forall TRAIT identifier_or_type_name '{' trait_declaration_list '}' // alternate
3222 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $3, $1, $5 ); }
3223 ;
3224
3225trait_declaration_list: // CFA
3226 trait_declaration
3227 | trait_declaration_list trait_declaration
3228 { $$ = $1->set_last( $2 ); }
3229 ;
3230
3231trait_declaration: // CFA
3232 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
3233 | trait_declaring_list ';'
3234 ;
3235
3236cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
3237 cfa_variable_specifier
3238 | cfa_function_specifier
3239 | cfa_trait_declaring_list ',' identifier_or_type_name
3240 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
3241 ;
3242
3243trait_declaring_list: // CFA
3244 // Cannot declare an aggregate or enumeration in a trait.
3245 type_specifier_nobody declarator
3246 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
3247 | trait_declaring_list ',' declarator
3248 { $$ = $1->set_last( $1->cloneBaseType( $3 ) ); }
3249 | error
3250 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Possible cause is declaring an aggregate or enumeration type in a trait." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3251 ;
3252
3253// **************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
3254
3255translation_unit:
3256 // empty, input file
3257 | external_definition_list
3258 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->set_last( $1 ) : $1; }
3259 ;
3260
3261external_definition_list:
3262 push external_definition pop
3263 { $$ = $2; }
3264 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
3265 { $$ = $1 ? $1->set_last( $3 ) : $3; }
3266 ;
3267
3268external_definition_list_opt:
3269 // empty
3270 { $$ = nullptr; }
3271 | external_definition_list
3272 ;
3273
3274up:
3275 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
3276 ;
3277
3278down:
3279 { typedefTable.down(); }
3280 ;
3281
3282external_definition:
3283 DIRECTIVE
3284 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newDirectiveStmt( new StatementNode( build_directive( yylloc, $1 ) ) ); }
3285 | declaration
3286 {
3287 // Variable declarations of anonymous types requires creating a unique type-name across multiple translation
3288 // unit, which is a dubious task, especially because C uses name rather than structural typing; hence it is
3289 // disallowed at the moment.
3290 if ( $1->linkage == ast::Linkage::Cforall && ! $1->storageClasses.is_static &&
3291 $1->type && $1->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst ) {
3292 if ( $1->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.anon ) {
3293 SemanticError( yylloc, "extern anonymous aggregate is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
3294 }
3295 }
3296 }
3297 | IDENTIFIER IDENTIFIER
3298 { IdentifierBeforeIdentifier( *$1.str, *$2.str, " declaration" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3299 | IDENTIFIER type_qualifier // invalid syntax rule
3300 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type qualifier" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3301 | IDENTIFIER storage_class // invalid syntax rule
3302 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "storage class" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3303 | IDENTIFIER basic_type_name // invalid syntax rule
3304 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3305 | IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname // invalid syntax rule
3306 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3307 | IDENTIFIER TYPEGENname // invalid syntax rule
3308 { IdentifierBeforeType( *$1.str, "type" ); $$ = nullptr; }
3309 | external_function_definition
3310 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
3311 {
3312 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
3313 $$ = $2;
3314 }
3315 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
3316 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( yylloc, false, $3, nullptr ) ) ); }
3317 | EXTERN STRINGliteral
3318 {
3319 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
3320 linkage = ast::Linkage::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
3321 }
3322 up external_definition down
3323 {
3324 linkage = linkageStack.top();
3325 linkageStack.pop();
3326 $$ = $5;
3327 }
3328 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
3329 {
3330 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
3331 linkage = ast::Linkage::update( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
3332 }
3333 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
3334 {
3335 linkage = linkageStack.top();
3336 linkageStack.pop();
3337 $$ = $6;
3338 }
3339 // global distribution
3340 | type_qualifier_list
3341 {
3342 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.any() ) {
3343 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." );
3344 }
3345 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
3346 }
3347 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
3348 {
3349 distQual( $5, $1 );
3350 forall = false;
3351 $$ = $5;
3352 }
3353 | declaration_qualifier_list
3354 {
3355 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.any() ) {
3356 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." );
3357 }
3358 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
3359 }
3360 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
3361 {
3362 distQual( $5, $1 );
3363 forall = false;
3364 $$ = $5;
3365 }
3366 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
3367 {
3368 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.any()) || ($2->type && $2->type->qualifiers.any()) ) {
3369 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." );
3370 }
3371 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || ($2->type && $2->type->forall) ) forall = true; // remember generic type
3372 }
3373 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
3374 {
3375 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
3376 forall = false;
3377 $$ = $6;
3378 }
3379 | ';' // empty declaration
3380 { $$ = nullptr; }
3381 ;
3382
3383external_function_definition:
3384 function_definition
3385 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
3386 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
3387 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
3388 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
3389 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3390 | function_declarator compound_statement
3391 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
3392 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
3393 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
3394 ;
3395
3396with_clause_opt:
3397 // empty
3398 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
3399 | WITH '(' type_list ')' attribute_list_opt // support scoped enumeration
3400 {
3401 $$ = $3; forall = false;
3402 if ( $5 ) {
3403 SemanticError( yylloc, "illegal syntax, attributes cannot be associated with function body. Move attribute(s) before \"with\" clause." );
3404 $$ = nullptr;
3405 } // if
3406 }
3407 ;
3408
3409function_definition:
3410 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
3411 {
3412 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
3413 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
3414 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
3415 $$ = $1;
3416 }
3417 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3418 {
3419 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
3420 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
3421 }
3422 | declaration_specifier function_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3423 {
3424 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
3425 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
3426 }
3427 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3428 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3429 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3430 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3431 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3432 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3433 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3434 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
3435 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3436
3437 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
3438 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3439 {
3440 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
3441 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
3442 }
3443 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3444 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3445 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3446 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3447 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3448 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3449 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
3450 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
3451 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3452 ;
3453
3454declarator:
3455 variable_declarator
3456 | variable_type_redeclarator
3457 | function_declarator
3458 | function_type_redeclarator
3459 ;
3460
3461subrange:
3462 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
3463 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::RangeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuild( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild( $3 ) ) ); }
3464 ;
3465
3466// **************************** ASM *****************************
3467
3468asm_name_opt: // GCC
3469 // empty
3470 { $$ = nullptr; }
3471 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
3472 {
3473 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
3474 name->asmName = maybeMoveBuild( $3 );
3475 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
3476 }
3477 ;
3478
3479// **************************** ATTRIBUTE *****************************
3480
3481attribute_list_opt: // GCC
3482 // empty
3483 { $$ = nullptr; }
3484 | attribute_list
3485 ;
3486
3487attribute_list: // GCC
3488 attribute
3489 | attribute_list attribute
3490 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3491 ;
3492
3493attribute: // GCC
3494 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
3495 { $$ = $4; }
3496 | ATTRIBUTE '(' attribute_name_list ')' // CFA
3497 { $$ = $3; }
3498 | ATTR '(' attribute_name_list ')' // CFA
3499 { $$ = $3; }
3500 ;
3501
3502attribute_name_list: // GCC
3503 attribute_name
3504 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
3505 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3506 ;
3507
3508attribute_name: // GCC
3509 // empty
3510 { $$ = nullptr; }
3511 | attr_name
3512 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
3513 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list_opt ')'
3514 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
3515 ;
3516
3517attr_name: // GCC
3518 identifier_or_type_name
3519 | FALLTHROUGH
3520 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
3521 | CONST
3522 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
3523 ;
3524
3525// ============================================================================
3526// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
3527// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
3528// in:
3529//
3530// int (*f())[10] { ... };
3531// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
3532//
3533// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
3534// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
3535// ============================================================================
3536
3537// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3538// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
3539// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
3540//
3541// valid declaration invalid definition
3542// ----------------- ------------------
3543// int f; int f {}
3544// int *f; int *f {}
3545// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
3546// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
3547//
3548// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
3549// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
3550// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3551
3552// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
3553// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
3554
3555paren_identifier:
3556 identifier_at
3557 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3558 | '?' identifier
3559 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "keyword parameter is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3560 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $2 ); }
3561 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
3562 { $$ = $2; }
3563 ;
3564
3565variable_declarator:
3566 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3567 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3568 | variable_ptr
3569 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
3570 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3571 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
3572 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3573 ;
3574
3575variable_ptr:
3576 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
3577 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3578 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
3579 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3580 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3581 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3582 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3583 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3584 ;
3585
3586variable_array:
3587 paren_identifier array_dimension
3588 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3589 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
3590 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3591 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
3592 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3593 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3594 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3595 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3596 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3597 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3598 { $$ = $2; }
3599 | '(' attribute_list variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3600 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3601 ;
3602
3603variable_function:
3604 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3605 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3606 | '(' attribute_list variable_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3607 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3608 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3609 { $$ = $2; }
3610 | '(' attribute_list variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3611 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3612 ;
3613
3614// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
3615// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
3616// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3617
3618function_declarator:
3619 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
3620 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3621 | function_ptr
3622 | function_array attribute_list_opt
3623 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3624 ;
3625
3626function_no_ptr:
3627 paren_identifier '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3628 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3629 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3630 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3631 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3632 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3633 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3634 { $$ = $2; }
3635 | '(' attribute_list function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3636 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3637 ;
3638
3639function_ptr:
3640 ptrref_operator function_declarator
3641 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3642 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
3643 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3644 | '(' function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3645 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3646 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3647 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3648 ;
3649
3650function_array:
3651 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3652 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3653 | '(' attribute_list function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3654 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3655 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3656 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3657 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3658 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3659 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3660 { $$ = $2; }
3661 | '(' attribute_list function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3662 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3663 ;
3664
3665// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
3666//
3667// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
3668//
3669// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
3670// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3671
3672KR_function_declarator:
3673 KR_function_no_ptr
3674 | KR_function_ptr
3675 | KR_function_array
3676 ;
3677
3678KR_function_no_ptr:
3679 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
3680 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
3681 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3682 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3683 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3684 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3685 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3686 { $$ = $2; }
3687 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3688 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3689 ;
3690
3691KR_function_ptr:
3692 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
3693 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3694 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
3695 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3696 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
3697 { $$ = $2; }
3698 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')'
3699 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3700 ;
3701
3702KR_function_array:
3703 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3704 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3705 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
3706 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3707 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3708 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3709 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3710 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3711 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3712 { $$ = $2; }
3713 | '(' attribute_list KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3714 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3715 ;
3716
3717// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable that redefines a type name, e.g.:
3718//
3719// typedef int foo;
3720// {
3721// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
3722// }
3723
3724paren_type:
3725 typedef_name
3726 {
3727 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
3728 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "paren_type" );
3729 }
3730 | '(' paren_type ')'
3731 { $$ = $2; }
3732 ;
3733
3734variable_type_redeclarator:
3735 paren_type attribute_list_opt
3736 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3737 | variable_type_ptr
3738 | variable_type_array attribute_list_opt
3739 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3740 | variable_type_function attribute_list_opt
3741 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3742 ;
3743
3744variable_type_ptr:
3745 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
3746 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3747 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
3748 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3749 | '(' variable_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3750 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3751 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3752 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3753 ;
3754
3755variable_type_array:
3756 paren_type array_dimension
3757 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3758 | '(' variable_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3759 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3760 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3761 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3762 | '(' variable_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3763 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3764 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3765 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3766 | '(' variable_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3767 { $$ = $2; }
3768 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3769 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3770 ;
3771
3772variable_type_function:
3773 '(' variable_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3774 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3775 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3776 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3777 | '(' variable_type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3778 { $$ = $2; }
3779 | '(' attribute_list variable_type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3780 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3781 ;
3782
3783// This pattern parses a declaration for a function prototype that redefines a type name. It precludes declaring an
3784// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
3785// arrays and functions.
3786
3787function_type_redeclarator:
3788 function_type_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
3789 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3790 | function_type_ptr
3791 | function_type_array attribute_list_opt
3792 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3793 ;
3794
3795function_type_no_ptr:
3796 paren_type '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3797 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3798 | '(' function_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3799 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3800 | '(' attribute_list function_type_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
3801 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addParamList( $6 ); }
3802 | '(' function_type_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3803 { $$ = $2; }
3804 | '(' attribute_list function_type_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
3805 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3806 ;
3807
3808function_type_ptr:
3809 ptrref_operator function_type_redeclarator
3810 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3811 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_type_redeclarator
3812 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3813 | '(' function_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3814 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3815 | '(' attribute_list function_type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3816 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $5 ); }
3817 ;
3818
3819function_type_array:
3820 '(' function_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3821 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3822 | '(' attribute_list function_type_ptr ')' array_dimension
3823 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3824 | '(' function_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3825 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3826 | '(' attribute_list function_type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3827 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addArray( $5 ); }
3828 | '(' function_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3829 { $$ = $2; }
3830 | '(' attribute_list function_type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3831 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3832 ;
3833
3834// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
3835// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
3836// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
3837// pointers to arrays and functions.
3838
3839identifier_parameter_declarator:
3840 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3841 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3842 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
3843 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Mutex ) ),
3844 OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3845 | identifier_parameter_ptr
3846 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3847 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3848 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3849 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3850 ;
3851
3852identifier_parameter_ptr:
3853 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
3854 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3855 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
3856 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3857 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3858 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3859 ;
3860
3861identifier_parameter_array:
3862 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
3863 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3864 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
3865 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3866 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3867 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3868 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3869 { $$ = $2; }
3870 ;
3871
3872identifier_parameter_function:
3873 paren_identifier '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3874 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3875 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3876 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3877 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3878 { $$ = $2; }
3879 ;
3880
3881// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
3882// e.g.:
3883//
3884// typedef int foo;
3885// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
3886// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
3887//
3888// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3889
3890type_parameter_redeclarator:
3891 typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3892 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3893 | '&' MUTEX typedef_name attribute_list_opt
3894 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Mutex ) ),
3895 OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3896 | type_parameter_ptr
3897 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3898 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3899 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3900 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3901 ;
3902
3903typedef_name:
3904 TYPEDEFname
3905 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3906 | TYPEGENname
3907 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3908 ;
3909
3910type_parameter_ptr:
3911 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3912 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3913 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3914 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3915 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
3916 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3917 ;
3918
3919type_parameter_array:
3920 typedef_name array_parameter_dimension
3921 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3922 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3923 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3924 ;
3925
3926type_parameter_function:
3927 typedef_name '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3928 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $3 ); }
3929 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3930 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3931 ;
3932
3933// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3934// which the type applies, e.g.:
3935//
3936// sizeof( int );
3937// sizeof( int * );
3938// sizeof( int [10] );
3939// sizeof( int (*)() );
3940// sizeof( int () );
3941//
3942// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3943// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3944
3945abstract_declarator:
3946 abstract_ptr
3947 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3948 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3949 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3950 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3951 ;
3952
3953abstract_ptr:
3954 ptrref_operator
3955 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3956 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3957 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3958 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3959 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3960 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3961 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3962 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3963 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3964 ;
3965
3966abstract_array:
3967 array_dimension
3968 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3969 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3970 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3971 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3972 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3973 { $$ = $2; }
3974 ;
3975
3976abstract_function:
3977 '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3978 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $2, nullptr ); }
3979 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3980 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
3981 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3982 { $$ = $2; }
3983 ;
3984
3985array_dimension:
3986 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3987 '[' ']'
3988 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ); }
3989 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3990 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3991 // Cannot use constant_expression because of tuples => semantic check
3992 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' comma_expression ']' // CFA
3993 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, nullptr, false )->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $6, nullptr, false ) ); }
3994 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "New array dimension is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3995
3996 // If needed, the following parses and does not use comma_expression, so the array structure can be built.
3997 // | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' push array_dimension_list pop ']' // CFA
3998
3999 | '[' push array_type_list pop ']' // CFA
4000 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, nullptr, false ); }
4001 | multi_array_dimension
4002 ;
4003
4004// array_dimension_list:
4005// assignment_expression
4006// | array_dimension_list ',' assignment_expression
4007// ;
4008
4009array_type_list:
4010 basic_type_name
4011 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
4012 | type_name
4013 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
4014 | assignment_expression upupeq assignment_expression
4015 | array_type_list ',' basic_type_name
4016 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ); }
4017 | array_type_list ',' type_name
4018 { $$ = $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new ast::TypeExpr( yylloc, maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ); }
4019 | array_type_list ',' assignment_expression upupeq assignment_expression
4020 ;
4021
4022upupeq:
4023 '~'
4024 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
4025 | ErangeUpEq
4026 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
4027 ;
4028
4029multi_array_dimension:
4030 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
4031 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, nullptr, false ); }
4032 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
4033 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
4034 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
4035 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, nullptr, false ) ); }
4036 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
4037 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
4038 ;
4039
4040// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
4041// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
4042//
4043// int f( int ); // not handled here
4044// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4045// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4046// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4047//
4048// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
4049// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the special meaning of
4050// parenthesis around a typedef name:
4051//
4052// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
4053// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
4054// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
4055//
4056// For example:
4057//
4058// typedef float T;
4059// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
4060// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
4061// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
4062// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
4063//
4064// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
4065// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
4066// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
4067// functions.
4068
4069abstract_parameter_declarator_opt:
4070 // empty
4071 { $$ = nullptr; }
4072 | abstract_parameter_declarator
4073 ;
4074
4075abstract_parameter_declarator:
4076 abstract_parameter_ptr
4077 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
4078 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newFromTypeData( build_type_qualifier( ast::CV::Mutex ) ),
4079 OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
4080 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
4081 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4082 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
4083 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4084 ;
4085
4086abstract_parameter_ptr:
4087 ptrref_operator
4088 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
4089 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
4090 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
4091 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
4092 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4093 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
4094 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
4095 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
4096 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
4097 ;
4098
4099abstract_parameter_array:
4100 array_parameter_dimension
4101 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
4102 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4103 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
4104 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4105 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
4106 { $$ = $2; }
4107 ;
4108
4109abstract_parameter_function:
4110 '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4111 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $2, nullptr ); }
4112 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4113 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
4114 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
4115 { $$ = $2; }
4116 ;
4117
4118array_parameter_dimension:
4119 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
4120 array_parameter_1st_dimension
4121 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
4122 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
4123 | multi_array_dimension
4124 ;
4125
4126// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
4127//
4128// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
4129// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
4130
4131array_parameter_1st_dimension:
4132 '[' ']'
4133 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ); }
4134 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
4135 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
4136 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
4137 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
4138 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, $3, false ); }
4139 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
4140 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
4141 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
4142 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
4143 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
4144 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
4145 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
4146 ;
4147
4148// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
4149//
4150// struct S {
4151// int;
4152// int *;
4153// int [10];
4154// int (*)();
4155// };
4156
4157variable_abstract_declarator:
4158 variable_abstract_ptr
4159 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
4160 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4161 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
4162 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
4163 ;
4164
4165variable_abstract_ptr:
4166 ptrref_operator
4167 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
4168 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
4169 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
4170 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
4171 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4172 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
4173 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
4174 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt // redundant parenthesis
4175 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
4176 ;
4177
4178variable_abstract_array:
4179 array_dimension
4180 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
4181 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4182 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
4183 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
4184 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
4185 { $$ = $2; }
4186 ;
4187
4188variable_abstract_function:
4189 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
4190 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $5 ); }
4191 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
4192 { $$ = $2; }
4193 ;
4194
4195// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
4196// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
4197
4198cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
4199 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
4200 | cfa_abstract_tuple
4201 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
4202 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
4203 ;
4204
4205cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
4206 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4207 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
4208 ;
4209
4210cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
4211 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
4212 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
4213 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4214 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
4215 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4216 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4217 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4218 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4219 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4220 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
4221 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4222 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
4223 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4224 ;
4225
4226cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
4227 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
4228 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
4229 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
4230 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4231 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4232 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4233 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4234 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4235 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4236 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4237 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
4238 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4239
4240 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4241 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4242 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4243 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4244 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4245 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4246 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4247 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4248 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
4249 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4250 ;
4251
4252cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
4253 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
4254 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
4255 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
4256 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
4257 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
4258 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
4259 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
4260 // appear in this context.
4261 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
4262 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
4263 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
4264 ;
4265
4266// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
4267// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
4268//
4269// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
4270// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
4271//
4272// These rules need LR(3):
4273//
4274// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
4275// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
4276//
4277// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
4278//
4279// [int, int] t;
4280// [int, int] f( int );
4281//
4282// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
4283// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
4284// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
4285// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
4286
4287cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
4288 cfa_abstract_tuple
4289 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
4290 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
4291 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
4292 ;
4293
4294cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
4295 cfa_abstract_ptr
4296 | cfa_abstract_array
4297 ;
4298
4299cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
4300 ptrref_operator type_specifier
4301 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4302 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
4303 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4304 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4305 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4306 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
4307 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4308 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
4309 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
4310 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
4311 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
4312 ;
4313
4314cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
4315 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
4316 // empty (void) function return type.
4317 '[' ']' type_specifier
4318 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4319 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
4320 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4321 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
4322 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4323 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
4324 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4325 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
4326 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
4327 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
4328 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
4329 ;
4330
4331cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
4332 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
4333 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
4334 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
4335 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
4336 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
4337 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
4338 ;
4339
4340cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
4341 '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt ')'
4342 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
4343 | cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')'
4344 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
4345 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_list_ellipsis_opt pop ')'
4346 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
4347 ;
4348
4349// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
4350// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
4351//
4352// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
4353// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
4354//
4355// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
4356// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
4357//
4358// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
4359// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
4360
4361// ************************ MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
4362
4363comma_opt: // redundant comma
4364 // empty
4365 | ','
4366 ;
4367
4368default_initializer_opt:
4369 // empty
4370 { $$ = nullptr; }
4371 | '=' assignment_expression
4372 { $$ = $2; }
4373 ;
4374
4375%%
4376
4377// ----end of grammar----
4378
4379// Local Variables: //
4380// mode: c++ //
4381// tab-width: 4 //
4382// compile-command: "bison -Wcounterexamples parser.yy" //
4383// End: //
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