source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 11b7028

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr new-env no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum resolv-new with_gc
Last change on this file since 11b7028 was c453ac4, checked in by Rob Schluntz <rschlunt@…>, 8 years ago

Change parser to build FunctionDecl withExpr rather than convert to a WithStmt

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 120.3 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Thu Dec 21 11:32:56 2017
13// Update Count : 2996
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121
122void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
123 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // return is aggregate definition
124 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
125 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
126 } // if
127} // rebindForall
128
129bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
130
131// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
132#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
133if ( N ) { \
134 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
135 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
136 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
137 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
138 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
139} else { \
140 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
141 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
142 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
143}
144%}
145
146%define parse.error verbose
147
148// Types declaration for productions
149%union
150{
151 Token tok;
152 ParseNode * pn;
153 ExpressionNode * en;
154 DeclarationNode * decl;
155 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
156 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
157 StatementNode * sn;
158 WaitForStmt * wfs;
159 Expression * constant;
160 IfCtl * ifctl;
161 ForCtl * fctl;
162 LabelNode * label;
163 InitializerNode * in;
164 OperKinds op;
165 std::string * str;
166 bool flag;
167 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
168}
169
170//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
171
172// keywords
173%token TYPEDEF
174%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
175%token THREADLOCAL // C11
176%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
177%token NORETURN // C11
178%token CONST VOLATILE
179%token RESTRICT // C99
180%token ATOMIC // C11
181%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
182%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
183%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
184%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
185%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
186%token VALIST // GCC
187%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
188%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
189%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
190%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
191%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
192%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
193%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
194%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
195%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
196%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
197
198// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
199%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
200%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
201%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
202%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
203// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
204// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
205// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
206%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
207
208// multi-character operators
209%token ARROW // ->
210%token ICR DECR // ++ --
211%token LS RS // << >>
212%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
213%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
214%token ELLIPSIS // ...
215
216%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
217%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
218%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
219%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
220
221%token ATassign // @=
222
223%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
224%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
225%type<tok> quasi_keyword
226%type<constant> string_literal
227%type<str> string_literal_list
228
229// expressions
230%type<en> constant
231%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
232%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
233%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
234%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
235%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
236%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
237%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
238%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
239%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
240%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
241%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
242%type<fctl> for_control_expression
243%type<en> subrange
244%type<decl> asm_name_opt
245%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
246%type<label> label_list
247%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
248%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
249%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
250
251// statements
252%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
253%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
254%type<sn> selection_statement
255%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
256%type<en> case_value
257%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
258%type<sn> fall_through fall_through_opt
259%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
260%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
261%type<sn> with_statement
262%type<en> with_clause_opt
263%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
264%type<catch_kind> handler_key
265%type<sn> mutex_statement
266%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
267%type<sn> waitfor_statement
268%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
269
270// declarations
271%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
272%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
273%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
274
275%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
276%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
277
278%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
279
280%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
281
282%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
283
284%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
285
286%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
287%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
288
289%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
290
291%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
292%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
293
294%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
295
296%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
297%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
298
299%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
300
301%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
302%type<decl> identifier_list
303
304%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
305%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
306%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
307
308%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
309
310%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
311%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
312
313%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
314%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
315
316%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_type_list cfa_parameter_type_list_opt
317
318%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
319
320%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
321%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
322%type<decl> KR_declaration_list KR_declaration_list_opt
323
324%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
325%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
326
327%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
328
329%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
330
331%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
332
333%type<tclass> type_class
334%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
335
336%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
337%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
338
339%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
340
341%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
342
343%type<decl> type type_no_function
344%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
345
346%type<en> type_list
347
348%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
349%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
350
351%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
352%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
353
354%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
355
356// initializers
357%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
358
359// designators
360%type<en> designator designator_list designation
361
362
363// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
364// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
365// if ( C ) S1 else S2
366// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
367// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
368
369// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
370// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
371%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
372%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
373%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
374%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
375
376// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
377// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
378// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
379// Foo ( *fp )( int );
380// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
381// Must be:
382// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
383
384// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
385%precedence TYPEGENname
386%precedence '('
387
388%locations // support location tracking for error messages
389
390%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
391
392%%
393//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
394
395// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
396// "identifier", "TYPEDEFname", and "TYPEGENname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely
397// context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs.
398// Hence, this grammar uses the ANSI style.
399//
400// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
401// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
402// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
403//
404// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
405// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
406// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
407//
408// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
409// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
410// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
411// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
412// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
413//
414// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
415// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
416// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
417// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
418// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
419// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
420// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
421
422push:
423 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
424 ;
425
426pop:
427 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
428 ;
429
430//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
431
432constant:
433 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
434 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
435 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
436 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
437 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
438 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
439 ;
440
441quasi_keyword: // CFA
442 TIMEOUT
443 | WOR
444 ;
445
446identifier:
447 IDENTIFIER
448 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
449 | quasi_keyword
450 ;
451
452no_attr_identifier:
453 IDENTIFIER
454 | quasi_keyword
455 ;
456
457string_literal:
458 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
459 ;
460
461string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
462 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
463 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
464 {
465 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
466 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
467 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
468 }
469 ;
470
471//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
472
473primary_expression:
474 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
475 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
476 | quasi_keyword
477 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
478 | tuple
479 | '(' comma_expression ')'
480 { $$ = $2; }
481 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
482 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
483 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
484 { throw SemanticError("Qualified names are currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
485 | type_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
486 { throw SemanticError("Qualified names are currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
487 ;
488
489postfix_expression:
490 primary_expression
491 | postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
492 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
493 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
494 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
495 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
496 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
497 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
498 {
499 Token fn;
500 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
501 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
502 }
503 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
504 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
505 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
506 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
507 | postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
508 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
509 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
510 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
511 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
512 {
513 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
514 }
515 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
516 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
517 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
518 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
519 | postfix_expression ICR
520 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
521 | postfix_expression DECR
522 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
523 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
524 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
525 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
526 {
527 Token fn;
528 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
529 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
530 }
531 ;
532
533argument_expression_list:
534 argument_expression
535 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
536 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
537 ;
538
539argument_expression:
540 // empty
541 { $$ = nullptr; }
542 // | '@' // use default argument
543 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
544 | assignment_expression
545 ;
546
547field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
548 field
549 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
550 ;
551
552field: // CFA, tuple field selector
553 field_name
554 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
555 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
556 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
557 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
558 | field_name '.' field
559 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
560 | field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
561 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
562 | field_name ARROW field
563 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
564 | field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
565 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
566 ;
567
568field_name:
569 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
570 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
571 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
572 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
573 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
574 {
575 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
576 }
577 ;
578
579fraction_constants:
580 // empty
581 { $$ = nullptr; }
582 | fraction_constants FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
583 {
584 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
585 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
586 }
587 ;
588
589unary_expression:
590 postfix_expression
591 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
592 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
593 | constant
594 { $$ = $1; }
595 | string_literal
596 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
597 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
598 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
599 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
600 // { * X; } // dereference X
601 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
602 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
603 {
604 switch ( $1 ) {
605 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
606 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
607 break;
608 case OperKinds::PointTo:
609 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
610 break;
611 case OperKinds::And:
612 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
613 break;
614 default:
615 assert( false );
616 }
617 }
618 | unary_operator cast_expression
619 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
620 | ICR unary_expression
621 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
622 | DECR unary_expression
623 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
624 | SIZEOF unary_expression
625 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
626 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
627 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
628 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
629 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
630 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
631 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
632 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
633 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
634 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
635 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
636 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
637 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
638 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
639 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
640 ;
641
642ptrref_operator:
643 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
644 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
645 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
646 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
647 ;
648
649unary_operator:
650 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
651 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
652 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
653 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
654 ;
655
656cast_expression:
657 unary_expression
658 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
659 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
660 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
661 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression
662 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
663 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression
664 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
665// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
666// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
667 ;
668
669exponential_expression:
670 cast_expression
671 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
672 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
673 ;
674
675multiplicative_expression:
676 exponential_expression
677 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
678 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
679 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
680 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
681 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
682 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
683 ;
684
685additive_expression:
686 multiplicative_expression
687 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
688 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
689 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
690 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
691 ;
692
693shift_expression:
694 additive_expression
695 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
696 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
697 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
698 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
699 ;
700
701relational_expression:
702 shift_expression
703 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
704 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
705 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
706 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
707 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
708 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
709 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
710 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
711 ;
712
713equality_expression:
714 relational_expression
715 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
716 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
717 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
718 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
719 ;
720
721AND_expression:
722 equality_expression
723 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
724 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
725 ;
726
727exclusive_OR_expression:
728 AND_expression
729 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
730 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
731 ;
732
733inclusive_OR_expression:
734 exclusive_OR_expression
735 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
736 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
737 ;
738
739logical_AND_expression:
740 inclusive_OR_expression
741 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
742 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
743 ;
744
745logical_OR_expression:
746 logical_AND_expression
747 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
748 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
749 ;
750
751conditional_expression:
752 logical_OR_expression
753 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
754 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
755 // FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
756 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
757 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
758 ;
759
760constant_expression:
761 conditional_expression
762 ;
763
764assignment_expression:
765 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
766 conditional_expression
767 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
768 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
769 ;
770
771assignment_expression_opt:
772 // empty
773 { $$ = nullptr; }
774 | assignment_expression
775 ;
776
777assignment_operator:
778 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
779 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
780 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
781 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
782 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
783 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
784 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
785 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
786 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
787 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
788 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
789 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
790 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
791 ;
792
793tuple: // CFA, tuple
794 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
795 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
796// '[' ']'
797// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
798// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
799// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
800 '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
801 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
802 | '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
803 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
804 ;
805
806tuple_expression_list:
807 assignment_expression_opt
808 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
809 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
810 ;
811
812comma_expression:
813 assignment_expression
814 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
815 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
816 ;
817
818comma_expression_opt:
819 // empty
820 { $$ = nullptr; }
821 | comma_expression
822 ;
823
824//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
825
826statement:
827 labeled_statement
828 | compound_statement
829 | expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
830 | selection_statement
831 | iteration_statement
832 | jump_statement
833 | with_statement
834 | mutex_statement
835 | waitfor_statement
836 | exception_statement
837 | asm_statement
838 ;
839
840labeled_statement:
841 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
842 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
843 {
844 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
845 }
846 ;
847
848compound_statement:
849 '{' '}'
850 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
851 | '{'
852 // Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
853 // requires its own scope.
854 push push
855 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
856 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
857 pop '}'
858 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
859 ;
860
861statement_decl_list: // C99
862 statement_decl
863 | statement_decl_list push statement_decl
864 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
865 ;
866
867statement_decl:
868 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
869 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
870 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
871 {
872 distExt( $2 );
873 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
874 }
875 | function_definition
876 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
877 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
878 {
879 distExt( $2 );
880 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
881 }
882 | statement pop
883 ;
884
885statement_list_nodecl:
886 statement
887 | statement_list_nodecl statement
888 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
889 ;
890
891expression_statement:
892 comma_expression_opt ';'
893 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
894 ;
895
896selection_statement:
897 IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
898 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
899 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, nullptr ) ); }
900 | IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
901 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
902 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
903 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
904 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
905 {
906 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
907 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
908 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
909 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
910 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
911 // statement.
912 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
913 }
914 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
915 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
916 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
917 {
918 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
919 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
920 }
921 ;
922
923if_control_expression:
924 comma_expression pop
925 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
926 | c_declaration pop // no semi-colon
927 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
928 | cfa_declaration pop // no semi-colon
929 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
930 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
931 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
932 ;
933
934// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
935// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
936
937case_value: // CFA
938 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
939 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
940 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
941 | subrange // CFA, subrange
942 ;
943
944case_value_list: // CFA
945 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
946 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
947 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
948 ;
949
950case_label: // CFA
951 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
952 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
953 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
954 ;
955
956case_label_list: // CFA
957 case_label
958 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
959 ;
960
961case_clause: // CFA
962 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
963 ;
964
965switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
966 // empty
967 { $$ = nullptr; }
968 | switch_clause_list
969 ;
970
971switch_clause_list: // CFA
972 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
973 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
974 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
975 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
976 ;
977
978choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
979 // empty
980 { $$ = nullptr; }
981 | choose_clause_list
982 ;
983
984choose_clause_list: // CFA
985 case_label_list fall_through
986 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
987 | case_label_list statement_list_nodecl fall_through_opt
988 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
989 | choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
990 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
991 | choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl fall_through_opt
992 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
993 ;
994
995fall_through_opt: // CFA
996 // empty
997 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
998 | fall_through
999 ;
1000
1001fall_through_name: // CFA
1002 FALLTHRU
1003 | FALLTHROUGH
1004 ;
1005
1006fall_through: // CFA
1007 fall_through_name
1008 { $$ = nullptr; }
1009 | fall_through_name ';'
1010 { $$ = nullptr; }
1011 ;
1012
1013iteration_statement:
1014 WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
1015 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
1016 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1017 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
1018 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
1019 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1020 ;
1021
1022for_control_expression:
1023 comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1024 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
1025 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1026 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1027 ;
1028
1029jump_statement:
1030 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1031 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1032 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1033 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1034 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1035 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1036 | CONTINUE ';'
1037 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1038 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1039 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1040 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1041 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1042 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1043 | BREAK ';'
1044 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1045 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1046 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1047 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1048 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1049 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1050 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1051 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1052 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1053 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1054 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1055 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1056 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1057 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1058 ;
1059
1060with_statement:
1061 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1062 {
1063 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1064 }
1065 ;
1066
1067// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1068mutex_statement:
1069 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1070 { throw SemanticError("Mutex statement is currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1071 ;
1072
1073when_clause:
1074 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')'
1075 { $$ = $3; }
1076 ;
1077
1078when_clause_opt:
1079 // empty
1080 { $$ = nullptr; }
1081 | when_clause
1082 ;
1083
1084waitfor:
1085 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1086 {
1087 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1088 delete $3;
1089 }
1090 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1091 {
1092 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1093 $$->set_last( $5 );
1094 delete $3;
1095 }
1096 ;
1097
1098timeout:
1099 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')'
1100 { $$ = $3; }
1101 ;
1102
1103waitfor_clause:
1104 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1105 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1106 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1107 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1108 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1109 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1110 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1111 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1112 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1113 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1114 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1115 ;
1116
1117waitfor_statement:
1118 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1119 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1120 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1121 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1122 ;
1123
1124exception_statement:
1125 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1126 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1127 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1128 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1129 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1130 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1131 ;
1132
1133handler_clause:
1134 handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1135 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $5, $7, $9 ) ); }
1136 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1137 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $6, $8, $10 ) ) ); }
1138 ;
1139
1140handler_predicate_opt:
1141 //empty
1142 { $$ = nullptr; }
1143 | ';' conditional_expression
1144 { $$ = $2; }
1145 ;
1146
1147handler_key:
1148 CATCH
1149 { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1150 | CATCHRESUME
1151 { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1152 ;
1153
1154finally_clause:
1155 FINALLY compound_statement
1156 {
1157 $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
1158 }
1159 ;
1160
1161exception_declaration:
1162 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1163 type_specifier_nobody
1164 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1165 {
1166 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1167 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
1168 }
1169 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1170 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1171 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1172 {
1173 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1174 $$ = $1->addName( $2 );
1175 }
1176 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1177 ;
1178
1179asm_statement:
1180 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1181 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1182 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1183 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1184 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1185 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1186 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1187 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1188 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1189 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1190 ;
1191
1192asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1193 // empty
1194 { $$ = false; }
1195 | VOLATILE
1196 { $$ = true; }
1197 ;
1198
1199asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1200 // empty
1201 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1202 | asm_operands_list
1203 ;
1204
1205asm_operands_list: // GCC
1206 asm_operand
1207 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1208 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1209 ;
1210
1211asm_operand: // GCC
1212 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1213 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1214 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1215 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1216 ;
1217
1218asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1219 // empty
1220 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1221 | string_literal
1222 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1223 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1224 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1225 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1226 ;
1227
1228label_list:
1229 no_attr_identifier
1230 {
1231 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1232 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1233 }
1234 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1235 {
1236 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1237 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1238 }
1239 ;
1240
1241//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1242
1243declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1244 pop
1245 { $$ = nullptr; }
1246 | declaration_list
1247 ;
1248
1249declaration_list:
1250 declaration
1251 | declaration_list push declaration
1252 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1253 ;
1254
1255KR_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1256 // empty
1257 { $$ = nullptr; }
1258 | KR_declaration_list
1259 ;
1260
1261KR_declaration_list:
1262 push c_declaration pop ';'
1263 { $$ = $2; }
1264 | KR_declaration_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1265 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1266 ;
1267
1268local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1269 // empty
1270 | local_label_declaration_list
1271 ;
1272
1273local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1274 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1275 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1276 ;
1277
1278local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1279 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1280 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1281 ;
1282
1283declaration: // old & new style declarations
1284 c_declaration pop ';'
1285 | cfa_declaration pop ';' // CFA
1286 | static_assert
1287 ;
1288
1289static_assert:
1290 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1291 { throw SemanticError("Static assert is currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1292
1293// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1294// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1295// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1296// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1297// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1298// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1299//
1300// CFA C
1301// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1302// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1303
1304cfa_declaration: // CFA
1305 cfa_variable_declaration
1306 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1307 | cfa_function_declaration
1308 | type_declaring_list
1309 | trait_specifier
1310 ;
1311
1312cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1313 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1314 {
1315 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1316 $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
1317 }
1318 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1319 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1320 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1321 {
1322 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1323 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
1324 }
1325 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1326 {
1327 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
1328 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1329 }
1330 ;
1331
1332cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1333 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1334 // storage-class
1335 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1336 {
1337 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1338 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1339 }
1340 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1341 {
1342 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1343 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1344 }
1345 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1346 {
1347 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
1348 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
1349 }
1350 ;
1351
1352cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1353 cfa_function_specifier
1354 {
1355 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1356 $$ = $1;
1357 }
1358 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1359 {
1360 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1361 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1362 }
1363 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1364 {
1365 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1366 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1367 }
1368 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1369 {
1370 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1371 $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1372 }
1373 | cfa_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1374 {
1375 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1376 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1377 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1378 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, ret, $8, nullptr, true ) );
1379 }
1380 ;
1381
1382cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1383// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1384// {
1385// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1386// }
1387// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1388// {
1389// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1390// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1391// }
1392// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1393// {
1394// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1395// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1396// }
1397// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1398 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1399 //
1400 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
1401 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1402 //
1403 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1404 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1405 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1406 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1407 {
1408 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
1409 }
1410 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1411 {
1412 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
1413 }
1414 ;
1415
1416cfa_function_return: // CFA
1417 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1418 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1419 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1420 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
1421 // ']'.
1422 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1423 ;
1424
1425cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1426 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1427 {
1428 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1429 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1430 }
1431 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1432 {
1433 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1434 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1435 }
1436 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1437 {
1438 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1439 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1440 }
1441 ;
1442
1443// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1444// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1445
1446typedef_declaration:
1447 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1448 {
1449 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1450 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1451 }
1452 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1453 {
1454 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1455 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1456 }
1457 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1458 {
1459 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1460 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1461 }
1462 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1463 {
1464 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1465 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1466 }
1467 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1468 {
1469 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1470 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1471 }
1472 ;
1473
1474typedef_expression:
1475 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1476 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1477 {
1478 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
1479 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1480 }
1481 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1482 {
1483 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1484 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1485 }
1486 ;
1487
1488//c_declaration:
1489// declaring_list pop ';'
1490// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1491// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1492// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1493// ;
1494//
1495//declaring_list:
1496// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1497// // storage-class
1498// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1499// {
1500// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1501// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1502// }
1503// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1504// {
1505// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1506// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1507// }
1508// ;
1509
1510c_declaration:
1511 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1512 {
1513 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 );
1514 }
1515 | typedef_declaration
1516 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1517 | sue_declaration_specifier
1518 ;
1519
1520declaring_list:
1521 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1522 // storage-class
1523 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1524 {
1525 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1526 $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 );
1527 }
1528 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1529 {
1530 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1531 $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1532 }
1533 ;
1534
1535declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1536 basic_declaration_specifier
1537 | sue_declaration_specifier
1538 | type_declaration_specifier
1539 ;
1540
1541declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1542 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1543 //
1544 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1545 //
1546 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1547 basic_declaration_specifier
1548 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1549 | type_declaration_specifier
1550 ;
1551
1552type_specifier: // type specifier
1553 basic_type_specifier
1554 | sue_type_specifier
1555 | type_type_specifier
1556 ;
1557
1558type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1559 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1560 //
1561 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1562 //
1563 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1564 basic_type_specifier
1565 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1566 | type_type_specifier
1567 ;
1568
1569type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1570 // empty
1571 { $$ = nullptr; }
1572 | type_qualifier_list
1573 ;
1574
1575type_qualifier_list:
1576 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1577 //
1578 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1579 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1580 // appeared only once.
1581 type_qualifier
1582 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1583 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1584 ;
1585
1586type_qualifier:
1587 type_qualifier_name
1588 | attribute
1589 ;
1590
1591type_qualifier_name:
1592 CONST
1593 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1594 | RESTRICT
1595 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1596 | VOLATILE
1597 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1598 | ATOMIC
1599 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1600 | forall
1601 ;
1602
1603forall:
1604 FORALL '('
1605 {
1606 typedefTable.enterScope();
1607 }
1608 type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1609 {
1610 typedefTable.leaveScope();
1611 $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
1612 }
1613 ;
1614
1615declaration_qualifier_list:
1616 storage_class_list
1617 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1618 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1619 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1620 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1621 ;
1622
1623storage_class_list:
1624 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1625 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1626 //
1627 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1628 // specifiers in a declaration.
1629 storage_class
1630 | storage_class_list storage_class
1631 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1632 ;
1633
1634storage_class:
1635 EXTERN
1636 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1637 | STATIC
1638 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1639 | AUTO
1640 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1641 | REGISTER
1642 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1643 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1644 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1645 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1646 | INLINE // C99
1647 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1648 | FORTRAN // C99
1649 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1650 | NORETURN // C11
1651 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1652 ;
1653
1654basic_type_name:
1655 VOID
1656 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1657 | BOOL // C99
1658 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1659 | CHAR
1660 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1661 | INT
1662 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1663 | INT128
1664 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1665 | FLOAT
1666 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1667 | FLOAT80
1668 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1669 | FLOAT128
1670 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1671 | DOUBLE
1672 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1673 | COMPLEX // C99
1674 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1675 | IMAGINARY // C99
1676 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1677 | SIGNED
1678 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1679 | UNSIGNED
1680 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1681 | SHORT
1682 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1683 | LONG
1684 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1685 | ZERO_T
1686 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1687 | ONE_T
1688 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1689 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1690 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1691 ;
1692
1693basic_declaration_specifier:
1694 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1695 basic_type_specifier
1696 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1697 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1698 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1699 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1700 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1701 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1702 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1703 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1704 ;
1705
1706basic_type_specifier:
1707 direct_type
1708 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1709 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1710 ;
1711
1712direct_type:
1713 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
1714 basic_type_name
1715 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1716 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1717 | direct_type type_qualifier
1718 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1719 | direct_type basic_type_name
1720 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1721 ;
1722
1723indirect_type:
1724 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1725 { $$ = $3; }
1726 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1727 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1728 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1729 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1730 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1731 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1732 ;
1733
1734sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1735 sue_type_specifier
1736 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1737 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1738 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1739 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1740 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1741 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1742 ;
1743
1744sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1745 elaborated_type
1746 | type_qualifier_list
1747 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1748 elaborated_type
1749 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1750 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1751 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1752 ;
1753
1754sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1755 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1756 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1757 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1758 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1759 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1760 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1761 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1762 ;
1763
1764sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1765 elaborated_type_nobody
1766 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1767 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1768 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1769 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1770 ;
1771
1772type_declaration_specifier:
1773 type_type_specifier
1774 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1775 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1776 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1777 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1778 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1779 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1780 ;
1781
1782type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1783 type_name
1784 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1785 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1786 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1787 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1788 ;
1789
1790type_name:
1791 TYPEDEFname
1792 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1793 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1794 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ); } // FIX ME
1795 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1796 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ); } // FIX ME
1797 | typegen_name
1798 | '.' typegen_name
1799 { $$ = $2; } // FIX ME
1800 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1801 { $$ = $3; } // FIX ME
1802 ;
1803
1804typegen_name: // CFA
1805 TYPEGENname
1806 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1807 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1808 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1809 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1810 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1811 ;
1812
1813elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1814 aggregate_type
1815 | enum_type
1816 ;
1817
1818elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1819 aggregate_type_nobody
1820 | enum_type_nobody
1821 ;
1822
1823aggregate_type: // struct, union
1824 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1825 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1826 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1827 {
1828 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); // create typedef
1829 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TypedefTable::TG ); // possibly update
1830 forall = false; // reset
1831 }
1832 '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1833 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1834 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
1835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1836 | aggregate_type_nobody
1837 ;
1838
1839aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1840 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1841 {
1842 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1843 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1844 }
1845 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname
1846 {
1847 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1848 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1849 }
1850 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt typegen_name // CFA
1851 {
1852 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1853 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1854 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1855 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1856 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1857 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1858 delete $3;
1859 }
1860 ;
1861
1862aggregate_key:
1863 STRUCT
1864 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1865 | UNION
1866 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1867 | COROUTINE
1868 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1869 | MONITOR
1870 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1871 | THREAD
1872 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1873 ;
1874
1875field_declaration_list:
1876 // empty
1877 { $$ = nullptr; }
1878 | field_declaration_list field_declaration
1879 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1880 ;
1881
1882field_declaration:
1883 cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1884 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1885 {
1886 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
1887 $$ = $2;
1888 }
1889 | type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1890 {
1891 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1892 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1893 {
1894 distExt( $3 ); // mark all fields in list
1895 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 );
1896 }
1897 | static_assert
1898 ;
1899
1900cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1901 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1902 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1903 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1904 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1905 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1906 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1907 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1908 ;
1909
1910field_declaring_list:
1911 field_declarator
1912 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
1913 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1914 ;
1915
1916field_declarator:
1917 // empty
1918 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1919 // '@'
1920 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1921 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1922 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1923 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1924 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1925 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1926 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1927 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1928 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1929 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1930 ;
1931
1932bit_subrange_size_opt:
1933 // empty
1934 { $$ = nullptr; }
1935 | bit_subrange_size
1936 { $$ = $1; }
1937 ;
1938
1939bit_subrange_size:
1940 ':' constant_expression
1941 { $$ = $2; }
1942 ;
1943
1944enum_type: // enum
1945 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1946 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1947 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1948 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1949 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1950 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1951 | enum_type_nobody
1952 ;
1953
1954enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1955 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1956 {
1957 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1958 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1959 }
1960 ;
1961
1962enumerator_list:
1963 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1964 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
1965 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1966 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
1967 ;
1968
1969enumerator_value_opt:
1970 // empty
1971 { $$ = nullptr; }
1972 | '=' constant_expression
1973 { $$ = $2; }
1974 ;
1975
1976// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
1977
1978cfa_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
1979 // empty
1980 { $$ = nullptr; }
1981 | cfa_parameter_type_list
1982 ;
1983
1984cfa_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
1985 cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1986 | cfa_parameter_list
1987 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1988 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1989 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1990 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1991 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1992 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1993 ;
1994
1995cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
1996 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
1997 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
1998 cfa_parameter_declaration
1999 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2000 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2001 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2002 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2003 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2004 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2005 ;
2006
2007cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2008 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2009 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2010 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2011 ;
2012
2013parameter_type_list_opt:
2014 // empty
2015 { $$ = nullptr; }
2016 | parameter_type_list
2017 ;
2018
2019parameter_type_list:
2020 parameter_list
2021 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2022 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2023 ;
2024
2025parameter_list: // abstract + real
2026 abstract_parameter_declaration
2027 | parameter_declaration
2028 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2029 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2030 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2031 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2032 ;
2033
2034// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2035// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2036
2037cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2038 parameter_declaration
2039 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2040 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2041 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2042 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2043 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2044 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2045 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2046 | cfa_function_specifier
2047 ;
2048
2049cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2050 abstract_parameter_declaration
2051 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2052 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2053 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2054 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2055 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2056 | cfa_abstract_function
2057 ;
2058
2059parameter_declaration:
2060 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2061 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2062 {
2063 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2064 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2065 }
2066 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2067 {
2068 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2069 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2070 }
2071 ;
2072
2073abstract_parameter_declaration:
2074 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2075 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2076 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2077 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2078 ;
2079
2080// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2081// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2082// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2083
2084identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2085 no_attr_identifier
2086 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2087 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2088 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2089 ;
2090
2091identifier_or_type_name:
2092 identifier
2093 | TYPEDEFname
2094 | TYPEGENname
2095 ;
2096
2097no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2098 no_attr_identifier
2099 | TYPEDEFname
2100 | TYPEGENname
2101 ;
2102
2103type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2104 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2105 | type_specifier
2106 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2107 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2108 ;
2109
2110type: // typeof, assertion
2111 type_no_function
2112 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2113 ;
2114
2115initializer_opt:
2116 // empty
2117 { $$ = nullptr; }
2118 | '=' initializer
2119 { $$ = $2; }
2120 | '=' VOID
2121 { $$ = nullptr; }
2122 | ATassign initializer
2123 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2124 ;
2125
2126initializer:
2127 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2128 | '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2129 ;
2130
2131initializer_list:
2132 // empty
2133 { $$ = nullptr; }
2134 | initializer
2135 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2136 | initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2137 | initializer_list ',' designation initializer
2138 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2139 ;
2140
2141// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2142// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2143//
2144// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2145//
2146// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2147// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2148// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2149// shift/reduce conflicts
2150
2151designation:
2152 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2153 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2154 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2155 ;
2156
2157designator_list: // C99
2158 designator
2159 | designator_list designator
2160 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2161 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2162 ;
2163
2164designator:
2165 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2166 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2167 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2168 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2169 { $$ = $3; }
2170 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2171 { $$ = $3; }
2172 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2173 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2174 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2175 { $$ = $4; }
2176 ;
2177
2178// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2179// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2180//
2181// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2182//
2183// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2184// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2185// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2186//
2187// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2188// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2189//
2190// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2191// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2192// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2193// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2194// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2195
2196type_parameter_list: // CFA
2197 type_parameter
2198 { $$ = $1; }
2199 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2200 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2201 ;
2202
2203type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2204 // empty
2205 { $$ = nullptr; }
2206 | '=' type
2207 { $$ = $2; }
2208 ;
2209
2210type_parameter: // CFA
2211 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2212 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
2213 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2214 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2215 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2216 ;
2217
2218type_class: // CFA
2219 OTYPE
2220 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2221 | DTYPE
2222 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2223 | FTYPE
2224 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2225 | TTYPE
2226 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2227 ;
2228
2229assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2230 // empty
2231 { $$ = nullptr; }
2232 | assertion_list_opt assertion
2233 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2234 ;
2235
2236assertion: // CFA
2237 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2238 {
2239 typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
2240 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
2241 }
2242 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
2243 { $$ = $4; }
2244 | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_list ')'
2245 { $$ = nullptr; }
2246 ;
2247
2248type_list: // CFA
2249 type
2250 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2251 | assignment_expression
2252 | type_list ',' type
2253 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2254 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2255 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2256 ;
2257
2258type_declaring_list: // CFA
2259 OTYPE type_declarator
2260 { $$ = $2; }
2261 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2262 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2263 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2264 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2265 ;
2266
2267type_declarator: // CFA
2268 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2269 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2270 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2271 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2272 ;
2273
2274type_declarator_name: // CFA
2275 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2276 {
2277 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
2278 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2279 }
2280 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
2281 {
2282 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
2283 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
2284 }
2285 ;
2286
2287trait_specifier: // CFA
2288 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
2289 {
2290 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2291 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
2292 }
2293 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
2294 {
2295 typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
2296 typedefTable.enterScope();
2297 }
2298 trait_declaration_list '}'
2299 {
2300 typedefTable.leaveTrait();
2301 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2302 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
2303 }
2304 ;
2305
2306trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2307 trait_declaration
2308 | trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
2309 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2310 ;
2311
2312trait_declaration: // CFA
2313 cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2314 | trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2315 ;
2316
2317cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2318 cfa_variable_specifier
2319 {
2320 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2321 $$ = $1;
2322 }
2323 | cfa_function_specifier
2324 {
2325 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2326 $$ = $1;
2327 }
2328 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2329 {
2330 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
2331 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
2332 }
2333 ;
2334
2335trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2336 type_specifier declarator
2337 {
2338 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2339 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
2340 }
2341 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2342 {
2343 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2344 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
2345 }
2346 ;
2347
2348//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2349
2350translation_unit:
2351 // empty
2352 {} // empty input file
2353 | external_definition_list
2354 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2355 ;
2356
2357external_definition_list:
2358 external_definition
2359 | external_definition_list push external_definition
2360 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2361 ;
2362
2363external_definition_list_opt:
2364 // empty
2365 { $$ = nullptr; }
2366 | external_definition_list
2367 ;
2368
2369external_definition:
2370 declaration
2371 | external_function_definition
2372 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2373 {
2374 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2375 }
2376 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2377 {
2378 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2379 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( linkage, $2 );
2380 }
2381 '{' external_definition_list_opt '}'
2382 {
2383 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2384 linkageStack.pop();
2385 $$ = $5;
2386 }
2387 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2388 {
2389 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2390 $$ = $2;
2391 }
2392 | forall '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2393 ;
2394
2395external_function_definition:
2396 function_definition
2397 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2398 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2399 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2400 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2401 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2402 | function_declarator compound_statement
2403 {
2404 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2405 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2406 $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
2407 }
2408 | KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
2409 {
2410 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2411 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2412 $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 );
2413 }
2414 ;
2415
2416with_clause_opt:
2417 // empty
2418 { $$ = nullptr; }
2419 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2420 { $$ = $3; }
2421 ;
2422
2423function_definition:
2424 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2425 {
2426 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2427 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2428 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2429 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2430 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2431 $$ = $1;
2432 }
2433 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2434 {
2435 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2436 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2437 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2438 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2439 }
2440 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2441 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2442 {
2443 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2444 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2445 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2446 }
2447 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2448 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2449 {
2450 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2451 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2452 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2453 }
2454 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2455 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2456 {
2457 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2458 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2459 $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2460 }
2461
2462 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2463 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2464 {
2465 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2466 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2467 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2468 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2469 }
2470 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2471 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2472 {
2473 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2474 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2475 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2476 }
2477 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2478 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2479 {
2480 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2481 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2482 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2483 }
2484 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2485 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2486 {
2487 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2488 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2489 $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2490 }
2491 ;
2492
2493declarator:
2494 variable_declarator
2495 | variable_type_redeclarator
2496 | function_declarator
2497 ;
2498
2499subrange:
2500 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2501 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2502 ;
2503
2504asm_name_opt: // GCC
2505 // empty
2506 { $$ = nullptr; }
2507 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2508 {
2509 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2510 name->asmName = $3;
2511 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2512 }
2513 ;
2514
2515attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2516 // empty
2517 { $$ = nullptr; }
2518 | attribute_list
2519 ;
2520
2521attribute_list: // GCC
2522 attribute
2523 | attribute_list attribute
2524 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2525 ;
2526
2527attribute: // GCC
2528 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2529 { $$ = $4; }
2530 ;
2531
2532attribute_name_list: // GCC
2533 attribute_name
2534 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2535 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2536 ;
2537
2538attribute_name: // GCC
2539 // empty
2540 { $$ = nullptr; }
2541 | attr_name
2542 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2543 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2544 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2545 ;
2546
2547attr_name: // GCC
2548 IDENTIFIER
2549 | quasi_keyword
2550 | TYPEDEFname
2551 | TYPEGENname
2552 | FALLTHROUGH
2553 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2554 | CONST
2555 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2556 ;
2557
2558// ============================================================================
2559// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2560// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2561// in:
2562//
2563// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2564// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2565//
2566// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2567// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2568// ============================================================================
2569
2570// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2571// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2572// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2573//
2574// valid declaration invalid definition
2575// ----------------- ------------------
2576// int f; int f {}
2577// int *f; int *f {}
2578// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2579// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2580//
2581// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2582// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2583// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2584
2585// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2586// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2587
2588variable_declarator:
2589 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2590 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2591 | variable_ptr
2592 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2593 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2594 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2595 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2596 ;
2597
2598paren_identifier:
2599 identifier
2600 {
2601 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2602 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2603 }
2604 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2605 { $$ = $2; }
2606 ;
2607
2608variable_ptr:
2609 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2610 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2611 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2612 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2613 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2614 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2615 ;
2616
2617variable_array:
2618 paren_identifier array_dimension
2619 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2620 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2621 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2622 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2623 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2624 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2625 { $$ = $2; }
2626 ;
2627
2628variable_function:
2629 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2630 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2631 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2632 { $$ = $2; }
2633 ;
2634
2635// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2636// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2637// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2638
2639function_declarator:
2640 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2641 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2642 | function_ptr
2643 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2644 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2645 ;
2646
2647function_no_ptr:
2648 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2649 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2650 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2651 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2652 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2653 { $$ = $2; }
2654 ;
2655
2656function_ptr:
2657 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2658 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2659 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2660 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2661 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2662 { $$ = $2; }
2663 ;
2664
2665function_array:
2666 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2667 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2668 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2669 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2670 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2671 { $$ = $2; }
2672 ;
2673
2674// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2675//
2676// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2677//
2678// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2679// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2680
2681KR_function_declarator:
2682 KR_function_no_ptr
2683 | KR_function_ptr
2684 | KR_function_array
2685 ;
2686
2687KR_function_no_ptr:
2688 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2689 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2690 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2691 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2692 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2693 { $$ = $2; }
2694 ;
2695
2696KR_function_ptr:
2697 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2698 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2699 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2700 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2701 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2702 { $$ = $2; }
2703 ;
2704
2705KR_function_array:
2706 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2707 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2708 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2709 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2710 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2711 { $$ = $2; }
2712 ;
2713
2714// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2715//
2716// typedef int foo;
2717// {
2718// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2719// }
2720//
2721// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2722// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2723
2724variable_type_redeclarator:
2725 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2726 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2727 | type_ptr
2728 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2729 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2730 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2731 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2732 ;
2733
2734paren_type:
2735 typedef
2736 | '(' paren_type ')'
2737 { $$ = $2; }
2738 ;
2739
2740type_ptr:
2741 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2742 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2743 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2744 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2745 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2746 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2747 ;
2748
2749type_array:
2750 paren_type array_dimension
2751 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2752 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2753 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2754 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2755 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2756 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2757 { $$ = $2; }
2758 ;
2759
2760type_function:
2761 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2762 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2763 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2764 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2765 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2766 { $$ = $2; }
2767 ;
2768
2769// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2770// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2771// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2772// pointers to arrays and functions.
2773
2774identifier_parameter_declarator:
2775 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2776 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2777 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2778 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2779 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2780 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2781 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2782 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2783 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2784 ;
2785
2786identifier_parameter_ptr:
2787 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2788 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2789 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2790 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2791 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2792 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2793 ;
2794
2795identifier_parameter_array:
2796 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2797 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2798 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2799 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2800 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2801 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2802 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2803 { $$ = $2; }
2804 ;
2805
2806identifier_parameter_function:
2807 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2808 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2809 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2810 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2811 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2812 { $$ = $2; }
2813 ;
2814
2815// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2816// e.g.:
2817//
2818// typedef int foo;
2819// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2820// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2821//
2822// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2823
2824type_parameter_redeclarator:
2825 typedef attribute_list_opt
2826 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2827 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2828 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2829 | type_parameter_ptr
2830 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2831 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2832 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2833 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2834 ;
2835
2836typedef:
2837 TYPEDEFname
2838 {
2839 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2840 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2841 }
2842 | TYPEGENname
2843 {
2844 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2845 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2846 }
2847 ;
2848
2849type_parameter_ptr:
2850 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2851 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2852 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2853 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2854 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2855 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2856 ;
2857
2858type_parameter_array:
2859 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2860 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2861 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2862 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2863 ;
2864
2865type_parameter_function:
2866 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2867 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2868 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2869 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2870 ;
2871
2872// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2873// which the type applies, e.g.:
2874//
2875// sizeof( int );
2876// sizeof( int * );
2877// sizeof( int [10] );
2878// sizeof( int (*)() );
2879// sizeof( int () );
2880//
2881// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2882// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2883
2884abstract_declarator:
2885 abstract_ptr
2886 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2887 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2888 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2889 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2890 ;
2891
2892abstract_ptr:
2893 ptrref_operator
2894 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2895 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2896 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2897 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2898 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2899 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2900 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2901 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2902 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2903 ;
2904
2905abstract_array:
2906 array_dimension
2907 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2908 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2909 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2910 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2911 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2912 { $$ = $2; }
2913 ;
2914
2915abstract_function:
2916 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2917 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2918 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2919 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2920 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2921 { $$ = $2; }
2922 ;
2923
2924array_dimension:
2925 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2926 '[' ']'
2927 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2928 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2929 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2930 | multi_array_dimension
2931 ;
2932
2933multi_array_dimension:
2934 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2935 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2936 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2937 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2938 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2939 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2940 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2941 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2942 ;
2943
2944// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2945// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2946//
2947// int f( int ); // not handled here
2948// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2949// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2950// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2951//
2952// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2953// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2954// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2955//
2956// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2957// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2958// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2959//
2960// For example:
2961//
2962// typedef float T;
2963// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2964// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2965// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2966// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2967//
2968// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2969// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2970// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2971// functions.
2972
2973abstract_parameter_declarator:
2974 abstract_parameter_ptr
2975 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2976 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2977 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2978 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2979 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2980 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2981 ;
2982
2983abstract_parameter_ptr:
2984 ptrref_operator
2985 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
2986 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2987 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2988 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
2989 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
2990 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
2991 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2992 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2993 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2994 ;
2995
2996abstract_parameter_array:
2997 array_parameter_dimension
2998 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2999 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3000 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3001 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3002 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3003 { $$ = $2; }
3004 ;
3005
3006abstract_parameter_function:
3007 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3008 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3009 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3010 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3011 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3012 { $$ = $2; }
3013 ;
3014
3015array_parameter_dimension:
3016 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3017 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3018 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3019 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3020 | multi_array_dimension
3021 ;
3022
3023// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3024//
3025// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3026// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3027
3028array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3029 '[' ']'
3030 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3031 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3032 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3033 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3034 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3035 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3036 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3037 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3038 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3039 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3040 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3041 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3042 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3043 ;
3044
3045// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3046//
3047// struct S {
3048// int;
3049// int *;
3050// int [10];
3051// int (*)();
3052// };
3053
3054variable_abstract_declarator:
3055 variable_abstract_ptr
3056 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3057 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3058 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3059 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3060 ;
3061
3062variable_abstract_ptr:
3063 ptrref_operator
3064 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3065 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3066 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3067 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3068 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3069 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3070 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3071 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3072 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3073 ;
3074
3075variable_abstract_array:
3076 array_dimension
3077 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3078 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3079 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3080 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3081 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3082 { $$ = $2; }
3083 ;
3084
3085variable_abstract_function:
3086 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3087 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3088 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3089 { $$ = $2; }
3090 ;
3091
3092// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3093// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3094
3095cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3096 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3097 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3098 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3099 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3100 ;
3101
3102cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3103 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3104 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3105 ;
3106
3107cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3108 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3109 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3110 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3111 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3112 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3113 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3114 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3115 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3116 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3117 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3118 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3119 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3120 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3121 ;
3122
3123cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3124 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3125 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3126 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3127 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3128 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3129 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3130 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3131 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3132 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3133 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3134 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3135 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3136
3137 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3138 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3139 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3140 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3141 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3142 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3143 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3144 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3145 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3146 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3147 ;
3148
3149cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3150 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3151 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3152 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3153 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3154 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3155 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3156 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3157 // appear in this context.
3158 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3159 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3160 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3161 ;
3162
3163// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3164// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3165//
3166// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3167// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3168//
3169// These rules need LR(3):
3170//
3171// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3172// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3173//
3174// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3175//
3176// [int, int] t;
3177// [int, int] f( int );
3178//
3179// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3180// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3181// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3182// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3183
3184cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3185 cfa_abstract_tuple
3186 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3187 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3188 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3189 ;
3190
3191cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3192 cfa_abstract_ptr
3193 | cfa_abstract_array
3194 ;
3195
3196cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3197 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3198 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3199 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3200 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3201 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3202 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3203 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3204 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3205 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3206 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3207 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3208 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3209 ;
3210
3211cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3212 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3213 // empty (void) function return type.
3214 '[' ']' type_specifier
3215 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3216 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3217 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3218 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3219 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3220 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3221 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3222 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3223 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3224 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3225 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3226 ;
3227
3228cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3229 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3230 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3231 ;
3232
3233cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3234// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3235// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3236 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3237 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3238 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3239 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3240 ;
3241
3242// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3243// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3244//
3245// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3246// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3247//
3248// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3249// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3250//
3251// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3252// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3253
3254//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3255
3256comma_opt: // redundant comma
3257 // empty
3258 | ','
3259 ;
3260
3261default_initialize_opt:
3262 // empty
3263 { $$ = nullptr; }
3264 | '=' assignment_expression
3265 { $$ = $2; }
3266 ;
3267
3268%%
3269// ----end of grammar----
3270
3271// Local Variables: //
3272// mode: c++ //
3273// tab-width: 4 //
3274// compile-command: "make install" //
3275// End: //
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