source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 30ee9efc

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since 30ee9efc was b6ad601, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 7 years ago

start basetypeof, update loop control, remove unnecessary 0/1 check from parsing

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 132.5 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Thu Nov 1 20:59:49 2018
13// Update Count : 4030
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117void distInl( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
118 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
119 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
120 iter->set_inLine( true );
121 } // for
122} // distInl
123
124void distQual( DeclarationNode * declaration, DeclarationNode * qualifiers ) {
125 // distribute qualifiers across all non-variable declarations in a distribution statemement
126 for ( DeclarationNode * iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
127 // SKULLDUGGERY: Distributions are parsed inside out, so qualifiers are added to declarations inside out. Since
128 // addQualifiers appends to the back of the list, the forall clauses are in the wrong order (right to left). To
129 // get the qualifiers in the correct order and still use addQualifiers (otherwise, 90% of addQualifiers has to
130 // be copied to add to front), the appropriate forall pointers are interchanged before calling addQualifiers.
131 DeclarationNode * clone = qualifiers->clone();
132 if ( qualifiers->type ) { // forall clause ? (handles SC)
133 if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // struct/union ?
134 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->aggregate.params );
135 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
136 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::AggregateInst && iter->type->aggInst.aggregate->aggregate.body ) { // struct/union ?
137 // Create temporary node to hold aggregate, call addQualifiers as above, then put nodes back together.
138 DeclarationNode newnode;
139 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
140 swap( clone->type->forall, newnode.type->aggregate.params );
141 newnode.addQualifiers( clone );
142 swap( newnode.type, iter->type->aggInst.aggregate );
143 } else if ( iter->type->kind == TypeData::Function ) { // routines ?
144 swap( clone->type->forall, iter->type->forall );
145 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
146 } // if
147 } else { // just SC qualifiers
148 iter->addQualifiers( clone );
149 } // if
150 } // for
151 delete qualifiers;
152} // distQual
153
154// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
155// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
156// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
157// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
158// Currently, the forall is associated with the routine, and the generic type has to be separately defined:
159// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; };
160// forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
161
162void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
163 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // ignore aggregate definition
164 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
165 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
166 } // if
167} // rebindForall
168
169NameExpr * build_postfix_name( const string * name ) {
170 NameExpr * new_name = build_varref( new string( "?`" + *name ) );
171 delete name;
172 return new_name;
173} // build_postfix_name
174
175DeclarationNode * fieldDecl( DeclarationNode * typeSpec, DeclarationNode * fieldList ) {
176 if ( ! fieldList ) { // field declarator ?
177 if ( ! ( typeSpec->type && typeSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) ) {
178 stringstream ss;
179 typeSpec->type->print( ss );
180 SemanticWarning( yylloc, Warning::SuperfluousDecl, ss.str().c_str() );
181 return nullptr;
182 } // if
183 fieldList = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
184 } // if
185 return distAttr( typeSpec, fieldList ); // mark all fields in list
186} // fieldDecl
187
188ForCtrl * forCtrl( ExpressionNode * type, string * index, ExpressionNode * start, enum OperKinds compop, ExpressionNode * comp, ExpressionNode * inc ) {
189 ConstantExpr *constant = dynamic_cast<ConstantExpr *>(type->get_expr());
190 if ( constant && (constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "0" || constant->get_constant()->get_value() == "1") ) {
191 type = new ExpressionNode( new CastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >(type), new BasicType( Type::Qualifiers(), BasicType::SignedInt ) ) );
192 } // if
193 return new ForCtrl(
194 distAttr( DeclarationNode::newTypeof( type ), DeclarationNode::newName( index )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( start ) ) ),
195 new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), comp ) ),
196 new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( compop == OperKinds::LThan || compop == OperKinds::LEThan ? // choose += or -= for upto/downto
197 OperKinds::PlusAssn : OperKinds::MinusAssn, new ExpressionNode( build_varref( new string( *index ) ) ), inc ) ) );
198} // forCtrl
199
200
201bool forall = false, yyy = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
202
203// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
204#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
205if ( N ) { \
206 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
207 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
208 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
209 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
210 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
211} else { \
212 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
213 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
214 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
215}
216%}
217
218%define parse.error verbose
219
220// Types declaration for productions
221%union {
222 Token tok;
223 ParseNode * pn;
224 ExpressionNode * en;
225 DeclarationNode * decl;
226 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
227 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
228 StatementNode * sn;
229 WaitForStmt * wfs;
230 Expression * constant;
231 IfCtrl * ifctl;
232 ForCtrl * fctl;
233 enum OperKinds compop;
234 LabelNode * label;
235 InitializerNode * in;
236 OperKinds op;
237 std::string * str;
238 bool flag;
239 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
240 GenericExpr * genexpr;
241}
242
243//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
244
245// keywords
246%token TYPEDEF
247%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
248%token THREADLOCAL // C11
249%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
250%token NORETURN // C11
251%token CONST VOLATILE
252%token RESTRICT // C99
253%token ATOMIC // C11
254%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
255%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
256%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
257%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
258%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
259%token VALIST // GCC
260%token TYPEOF BASETYPEOF LABEL // GCC
261%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
262%token EXCEPTION // CFA
263%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
264%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
265%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
266%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
267%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
268%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
269%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
270%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
271
272// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
273%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
274%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
275%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
276%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
277%token<tok> DIRECTIVE
278// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
279// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
280// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
281%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
282
283// multi-character operators
284%token ARROW // ->
285%token ICR DECR // ++ --
286%token LS RS // << >>
287%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
288%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
289%token ELLIPSIS // ...
290
291%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
292%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
293%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
294%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
295
296%token ErangeUpEq ErangeDown ErangeDownEq // ~= -~ -~=
297%token ATassign // @=
298
299%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
300%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
301%type<tok> quasi_keyword
302%type<constant> string_literal
303%type<str> string_literal_list
304
305// expressions
306%type<en> constant
307%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
308%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
309%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
310%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
311%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
312%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
313%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
314%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
315%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
316%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
317%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
318%type<fctl> for_control_expression
319%type<compop> inclexcl
320%type<en> subrange
321%type<decl> asm_name_opt
322%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
323%type<label> label_list
324%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
325%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
326%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
327%type<genexpr> generic_association generic_assoc_list
328
329// statements
330%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
331%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
332%type<sn> selection_statement if_statement
333%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list
334%type<en> case_value
335%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
336%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
337%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
338%type<sn> with_statement
339%type<en> with_clause_opt
340%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
341%type<catch_kind> handler_key
342%type<sn> mutex_statement
343%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
344%type<sn> waitfor_statement
345%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
346
347// declarations
348%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
349%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
350%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
351
352%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
353%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
354
355%type<decl> assertion assertion_list assertion_list_opt
356
357%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
358
359%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
360
361%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
362
363%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
364%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
365
366%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
367
368%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
369%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
370
371%type<decl> external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
372
373%type<decl> exception_declaration
374
375%type<decl> field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration field_declaring_list_opt field_declarator field_abstract_list_opt field_abstract
376%type<en> field field_name_list field_name fraction_constants_opt
377
378%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
379
380%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
381%type<decl> identifier_list
382
383%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
384%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
385%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
386
387%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
388
389%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list cfa_field_abstract_list
390%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
391
392%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
393%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
394
395%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt
396
397%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
398
399%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
400%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
401%type<decl> KR_parameter_list KR_parameter_list_opt
402
403%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
404
405%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
406
407%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
408
409%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
410
411%type<tclass> type_class
412%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
413
414%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
415%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
416
417%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
418
419%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
420
421%type<decl> type type_no_function
422%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
423
424%type<en> type_parameters_opt type_list
425
426%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
427%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
428
429%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
430%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
431
432%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
433
434// initializers
435%type<in> initializer initializer_list_opt initializer_opt
436
437// designators
438%type<en> designator designator_list designation
439
440
441// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
442// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
443// if ( C ) S1 else S2
444// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
445// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
446
447// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
448// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
449%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
450%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
451%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
452%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
453
454// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
455// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
456// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
457// Foo ( *fp )( int );
458// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
459// must be:
460// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
461// The same problem occurs here:
462// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( *fp )( int );
463// must be:
464// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; } ( int ) ( *fp )( int );
465
466// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
467%precedence TYPEGENname
468%precedence '}'
469%precedence '('
470
471%locations // support location tracking for error messages
472
473%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
474
475%%
476//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
477
478// The C grammar is not context free because it relies on the distinct terminal symbols "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname",
479// which are lexically identical.
480//
481// typedef int foo; // identifier foo must now be scanned as TYPEDEFname
482// foo f; // to allow it to appear in this context
483//
484// While it may be possible to write a purely context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship
485// between syntactic and semantic constructs. Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the
486// scope of a declaration (for instance, those introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type
487// generators" -- parameterized types. This latter type name creates a third class of identifiers, "TYPEGENname", which
488// must be distinguished by the lexical scanner.
489//
490// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information,
491// there is a type table (typedefTable), which holds type names and identifiers that override type names, for each named
492// scope. During parsing, semantic actions update the type table by adding new identifiers in the current scope. For
493// each context that introduces a name scope, a new level is created in the type table and that level is popped on
494// exiting the scope. Since type names can be local to a particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope.
495// This requires distinguishing between type names that are local to the current declaration scope and those that
496// persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
497//
498// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" denote the opening and closing of named scopes. Every push has a matching pop in
499// the production rule. There are multiple lists of declarations, where each declaration is a named scope, so pop/push
500// around the list separator.
501//
502// int f( forall(T) T (*f1) T , forall( S ) S (*f2)( S ) );
503// push pop push pop
504
505push:
506 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
507 ;
508
509pop:
510 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
511 ;
512
513//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
514
515constant:
516 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
517 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
518 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
519 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
520 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
521 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
522 ;
523
524quasi_keyword: // CFA
525 TIMEOUT
526 | WOR
527 ;
528
529no_attr_identifier:
530 IDENTIFIER
531 | quasi_keyword
532 | '@' // CFA
533 { Token tok = { new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), yylval.tok.loc }; $$ = tok; }
534 ;
535
536identifier:
537 no_attr_identifier
538 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
539 ;
540
541string_literal:
542 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
543 ;
544
545string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
546 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
547 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
548 {
549 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
550 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
551 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
552 }
553 ;
554
555//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
556
557primary_expression:
558 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
559 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
560 | quasi_keyword
561 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
562 | tuple
563 | '(' comma_expression ')'
564 { $$ = $2; }
565 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
566 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
567 | constant '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
568 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
569 | string_literal '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
570 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( $1 ) ) ); }
571 | IDENTIFIER '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
572 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ) ) ); }
573 | tuple '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
574 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $3 ) ), $1 ) ); }
575 | '(' comma_expression ')' '`' IDENTIFIER // CFA, postfix call
576 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_postfix_name( $5 ) ), $2 ) ); }
577 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
578 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
579 | type_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
580 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified name is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
581 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
582 {
583 // add the missing control expression to the GenericExpr and return it
584 $5->control = maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 );
585 $$ = new ExpressionNode( $5 );
586 }
587 ;
588
589generic_assoc_list: // C11
590 generic_association
591 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
592 {
593 // steal the association node from the singleton and delete the wrapper
594 $1->associations.splice($1->associations.end(), $3->associations);
595 delete $3;
596 $$ = $1;
597 }
598 ;
599
600generic_association: // C11
601 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
602 {
603 // create a GenericExpr wrapper with one association pair
604 $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuildType($1), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } );
605 }
606 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
607 { $$ = new GenericExpr( nullptr, { { maybeMoveBuild<Expression>($3) } } ); }
608 ;
609
610postfix_expression:
611 primary_expression
612 | postfix_expression '[' assignment_expression ']'
613 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
614 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
615 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
616 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
617 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $3 ) ); }
618 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
619 {
620 Token fn;
621 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
622 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
623 }
624 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
625 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
626 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
627 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
628 | postfix_expression '.' INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
629 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
630 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
631 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
632 | postfix_expression '.' '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
633 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
634 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
635 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
636 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
637 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
638 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' field_name_list ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
639 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
640 | postfix_expression ICR
641 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
642 | postfix_expression DECR
643 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
644 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
645 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
646 | '(' type_no_function ')' '@' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' // CFA, explicit C compound-literal
647 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, (new InitializerNode( $6, true ))->set_maybeConstructed( false ) ) ); }
648 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
649 {
650 Token fn;
651 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
652 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
653 }
654 ;
655
656argument_expression_list:
657 argument_expression
658 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
659 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
660 ;
661
662argument_expression:
663 // empty
664 { $$ = nullptr; }
665 | '?' // CFA, default parameter
666 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Default parameter for argument is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
667 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
668 | assignment_expression
669 ;
670
671field_name_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
672 field
673 | field_name_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
674 ;
675
676field: // CFA, tuple field selector
677 field_name
678 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
679 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
680 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' field_name_list ']'
681 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $3 ) ) ); }
682 | field_name '.' field
683 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
684 | field_name '.' '[' field_name_list ']'
685 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
686 | field_name ARROW field
687 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
688 | field_name ARROW '[' field_name_list ']'
689 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
690 ;
691
692field_name:
693 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants_opt
694 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
695 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants_opt
696 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
697 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants_opt
698 {
699 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
700 }
701 ;
702
703fraction_constants_opt:
704 // empty
705 { $$ = nullptr; }
706 | fraction_constants_opt FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
707 {
708 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
709 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
710 }
711 ;
712
713unary_expression:
714 postfix_expression
715 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
716 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
717 | constant
718 | string_literal
719 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
720 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
721 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
722 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
723 // { * X; } // dereference X
724 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
725 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
726 {
727 switch ( $1 ) {
728 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
729 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
730 break;
731 case OperKinds::PointTo:
732 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
733 break;
734 case OperKinds::And:
735 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
736 break;
737 default:
738 assert( false );
739 }
740 }
741 | unary_operator cast_expression
742 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
743 | ICR unary_expression
744 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
745 | DECR unary_expression
746 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
747 | SIZEOF unary_expression
748 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
749 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
750 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
751 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
752 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
753 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
754 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
755 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
756 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
757 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
758 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
759 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
760 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
761 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
762 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
763 ;
764
765ptrref_operator:
766 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
767 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
768 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
769 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
770 ;
771
772unary_operator:
773 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
774 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
775 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
776 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
777 ;
778
779cast_expression:
780 unary_expression
781 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
782 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
783 | '(' COROUTINE '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
784 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Coroutine, $5 ) ); }
785 | '(' THREAD '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
786 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Thread, $5 ) ); }
787 | '(' MONITOR '&' ')' cast_expression // CFA
788 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_keyword_cast( KeywordCastExpr::Monitor, $5 ) ); }
789 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
790 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression // CFA
791 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
792 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression // CFA
793 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
794// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
795// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
796 ;
797
798exponential_expression:
799 cast_expression
800 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
801 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
802 ;
803
804multiplicative_expression:
805 exponential_expression
806 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
807 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
808 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
809 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
810 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
811 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
812 ;
813
814additive_expression:
815 multiplicative_expression
816 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
817 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
818 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
819 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
820 ;
821
822shift_expression:
823 additive_expression
824 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
825 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
826 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
827 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
828 ;
829
830relational_expression:
831 shift_expression
832 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
833 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
834 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
835 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
836 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
837 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
838 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
839 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
840 ;
841
842equality_expression:
843 relational_expression
844 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
845 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
846 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
847 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
848 ;
849
850AND_expression:
851 equality_expression
852 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
853 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
854 ;
855
856exclusive_OR_expression:
857 AND_expression
858 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
859 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
860 ;
861
862inclusive_OR_expression:
863 exclusive_OR_expression
864 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
865 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
866 ;
867
868logical_AND_expression:
869 inclusive_OR_expression
870 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
871 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
872 ;
873
874logical_OR_expression:
875 logical_AND_expression
876 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
877 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
878 ;
879
880conditional_expression:
881 logical_OR_expression
882 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
883 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
884 // FIX ME: computes $1 twice
885 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
886 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
887 ;
888
889constant_expression:
890 conditional_expression
891 ;
892
893assignment_expression:
894 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
895 conditional_expression
896 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
897 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
898 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
899 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
900 ;
901
902assignment_expression_opt:
903 // empty
904 { $$ = nullptr; }
905 | assignment_expression
906 ;
907
908assignment_operator:
909 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
910 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
911 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
912 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
913 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
914 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
915 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
916 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
917 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
918 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
919 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
920 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
921 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
922 ;
923
924tuple: // CFA, tuple
925 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
926 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
927// '[' ']'
928// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
929// | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
930// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
931 '[' ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
932 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $3 ) ) ); }
933 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ',' tuple_expression_list ']'
934 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $6 ) ) ); }
935 ;
936
937tuple_expression_list:
938 assignment_expression_opt
939 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
940 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
941 ;
942
943comma_expression:
944 assignment_expression
945 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
946 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
947 ;
948
949comma_expression_opt:
950 // empty
951 { $$ = nullptr; }
952 | comma_expression
953 ;
954
955//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
956
957statement:
958 labeled_statement
959 | compound_statement
960 | expression_statement
961 | selection_statement
962 | iteration_statement
963 | jump_statement
964 | with_statement
965 | mutex_statement
966 | waitfor_statement
967 | exception_statement
968 | enable_disable_statement
969 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
970 | asm_statement
971 | DIRECTIVE
972 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_directive( $1 ) ); }
973 ;
974
975labeled_statement:
976 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
977 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
978 {
979 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
980 }
981 ;
982
983compound_statement:
984 '{' '}'
985 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
986 | '{' push
987 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
988 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
989 pop '}'
990 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $4 ) ); }
991 ;
992
993statement_decl_list: // C99
994 statement_decl
995 | statement_decl_list statement_decl
996 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
997 ;
998
999statement_decl:
1000 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
1001 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1002 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
1003 {
1004 distExt( $2 );
1005 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
1006 }
1007 | function_definition
1008 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
1009 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
1010 {
1011 distExt( $2 );
1012 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
1013 }
1014 | statement
1015 ;
1016
1017statement_list_nodecl:
1018 statement
1019 | statement_list_nodecl statement
1020 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
1021 ;
1022
1023expression_statement:
1024 comma_expression_opt ';'
1025 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
1026 ;
1027
1028selection_statement:
1029 // pop causes a S/R conflict without separating the IF statement into a non-terminal even after resolving
1030 // the inherent S/R conflict with THEN/ELSE.
1031 push if_statement pop
1032 { $$ = $2; }
1033 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
1034 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $5 ) ); }
1035 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1036 {
1037 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( true, $3, $8 ) );
1038 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
1039 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
1040 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
1041 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
1042 // statement.
1043 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1044 }
1045 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
1046 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $5 ) ); }
1047 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt pop '}' // CFA
1048 {
1049 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( false, $3, $8 ) );
1050 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
1051 }
1052 ;
1053
1054if_statement:
1055 IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
1056 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
1057 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
1058 | IF '(' if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
1059 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
1060 ;
1061
1062if_control_expression:
1063 comma_expression
1064 { $$ = new IfCtrl( nullptr, $1 ); }
1065 | c_declaration // no semi-colon
1066 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1067 | cfa_declaration // no semi-colon
1068 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, nullptr ); }
1069 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
1070 { $$ = new IfCtrl( $1, $2 ); }
1071 ;
1072
1073// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
1074// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
1075
1076case_value: // CFA
1077 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
1078 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
1079 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1080 | subrange // CFA, subrange
1081 ;
1082
1083case_value_list: // CFA
1084 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
1085 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
1086 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1087 ;
1088
1089case_label: // CFA
1090 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
1091 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
1092 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
1093 ;
1094
1095//label_list_opt:
1096// // empty
1097// | identifier_or_type_name ':'
1098// | label_list_opt identifier_or_type_name ':'
1099// ;
1100
1101case_label_list: // CFA
1102 case_label
1103 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
1104 ;
1105
1106case_clause: // CFA
1107 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1108 ;
1109
1110switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
1111 // empty
1112 { $$ = nullptr; }
1113 | switch_clause_list
1114 ;
1115
1116switch_clause_list: // CFA
1117 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1118 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
1119 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
1120 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
1121 ;
1122
1123iteration_statement:
1124 WHILE '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement pop
1125 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $4, $6 ) ); }
1126 | WHILE '(' ')' statement // CFA => while ( 1 )
1127 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( new IfCtrl( nullptr, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ), $4 ) ); }
1128 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1129 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
1130 | DO statement WHILE '(' ')' ';' // CFA => do while( 1 )
1131 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_do_while( new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ), $2 ) ); }
1132 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement pop
1133 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1134 ;
1135
1136for_control_expression:
1137 comma_expression_opt // CFA
1138 {
1139 if ( ! $1 ) { // => for ( ;; )
1140 $$ = new ForCtrl( (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr, (ExpressionNode * )nullptr );
1141 } else {
1142 $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1143 OperKinds::LThan, $1->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) );
1144 } // if
1145 }
1146 | constant_expression inclexcl constant_expression // CFA
1147 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) ); }
1148 | constant_expression inclexcl constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA
1149 { $$ = forCtrl( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $1->clone(), $2, $3, $5 ); }
1150 | comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression // CFA
1151 {
1152 if ( ! $1 ) {
1153 SemanticError( yylloc, "Missing loop index." ); $$ = nullptr;
1154 } else if ( ! $3 ) {
1155 SemanticError( yylloc, "Missing loop range." ); $$ = nullptr;
1156 } else {
1157 if ( NameExpr *identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>($1->get_expr()) ) {
1158 $$ = forCtrl( $3, new string( identifier->name ), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "0" ) ) ),
1159 OperKinds::LThan, $3->clone(), new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) );
1160 } else {
1161 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); $$ = nullptr;
1162 } // if
1163 } // if
1164 }
1165 | comma_expression_opt ';' constant_expression inclexcl constant_expression // CFA
1166 {
1167 if ( ! $1 ) {
1168 SemanticError( yylloc, "Missing loop index." ); $$ = nullptr;
1169 } else {
1170 if ( NameExpr *identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>($1->get_expr()) ) {
1171 $$ = forCtrl( $3, new string( identifier->name ), $3->clone(), $4, $5, new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "1" ) ) ) );
1172 } else {
1173 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); $$ = nullptr;
1174 } // if
1175 } // if
1176 }
1177 | comma_expression_opt ';' constant_expression inclexcl constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA
1178 {
1179 if ( ! $1 ) {
1180 SemanticError( yylloc, "Missing loop index." ); $$ = nullptr;
1181 } else {
1182 if ( NameExpr *identifier = dynamic_cast<NameExpr *>($1->get_expr()) ) {
1183 $$ = forCtrl( $3, new string( identifier->name ), $3->clone(), $4, $5, $7 );
1184 } else {
1185 SemanticError( yylloc, "Expression disallowed. Only loop-index name allowed" ); $$ = nullptr;
1186 } // if
1187 } // if
1188 }
1189 | comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1190 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $3, $5 ); }
1191 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99, declaration has ';'
1192 { $$ = new ForCtrl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1193 ;
1194
1195inclexcl:
1196 '~'
1197 { $$ = OperKinds::LThan; }
1198 | ErangeUpEq
1199 { $$ = OperKinds::LEThan; }
1200 | ErangeDown
1201 { $$ = OperKinds::GThan; }
1202 | ErangeDownEq
1203 { $$ = OperKinds::GEThan; }
1204 ;
1205
1206jump_statement:
1207 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1208 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1209 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1210 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1211 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1212 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1213 // A semantic check is required to ensure fallthru appears only in the body of a choose statement.
1214 | fall_through_name ';' // CFA
1215 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1216 | fall_through_name identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA
1217 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::FallThrough ) ); }
1218 | fall_through_name DEFAULT ';' // CFA
1219 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::FallThroughDefault ) ); }
1220 | CONTINUE ';'
1221 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1222 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1223 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1224 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1225 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1226 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1227 | BREAK ';'
1228 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1229 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1230 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1231 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1232 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1233 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1234 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1235 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1236 | RETURN '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}'
1237 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1238 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1239 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1240 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1241 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1242 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1243 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1244 ;
1245
1246fall_through_name: // CFA
1247 FALLTHRU
1248 | FALLTHROUGH
1249 ;
1250
1251with_statement:
1252 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1253 {
1254 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1255 }
1256 ;
1257
1258// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1259mutex_statement:
1260 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1261 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1262 ;
1263
1264when_clause:
1265 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1266 ;
1267
1268when_clause_opt:
1269 // empty
1270 { $$ = nullptr; }
1271 | when_clause
1272 ;
1273
1274waitfor:
1275 WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ')'
1276 { $$ = $3; }
1277 | WAITFOR '(' cast_expression ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1278 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ); }
1279 ;
1280
1281timeout:
1282 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')' { $$ = $3; }
1283 ;
1284
1285waitfor_clause:
1286 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1287 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1288 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1289 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1290 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1291 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1292 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1293 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1294 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1295 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR ELSE statement
1296 { SemanticError( yylloc, "else clause must be conditional after timeout or timeout never triggered." ); $$ = nullptr; }
1297 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1298 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1299 ;
1300
1301waitfor_statement:
1302 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1303 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1304 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1305 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1306 ;
1307
1308exception_statement:
1309 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1310 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1311 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1312 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1313 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1314 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1315 ;
1316
1317handler_clause:
1318 handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1319 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1320 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1321 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $5, $7, $9 ) ) ); }
1322 ;
1323
1324handler_predicate_opt:
1325 // empty
1326 { $$ = nullptr; }
1327 | ';' conditional_expression { $$ = $2; }
1328 ;
1329
1330handler_key:
1331 CATCH { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1332 | CATCHRESUME { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1333 ;
1334
1335finally_clause:
1336 FINALLY compound_statement { $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) ); }
1337 ;
1338
1339exception_declaration:
1340 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1341 type_specifier_nobody
1342 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1343 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1344 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1345 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1346 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1347 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1348 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1349 ;
1350
1351enable_disable_statement:
1352 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1353 ;
1354
1355enable_disable_key:
1356 ENABLE
1357 | DISABLE
1358 ;
1359
1360asm_statement:
1361 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1362 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1363 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1364 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1365 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1366 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1367 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1368 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1369 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1370 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asm( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1371 ;
1372
1373asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1374 // empty
1375 { $$ = false; }
1376 | VOLATILE
1377 { $$ = true; }
1378 ;
1379
1380asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1381 // empty
1382 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1383 | asm_operands_list
1384 ;
1385
1386asm_operands_list: // GCC
1387 asm_operand
1388 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1389 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1390 ;
1391
1392asm_operand: // GCC
1393 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1394 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1395 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1396 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1397 ;
1398
1399asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1400 // empty
1401 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1402 | string_literal
1403 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1404 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1405 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1406 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1407 ;
1408
1409label_list:
1410 no_attr_identifier
1411 {
1412 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1413 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1414 }
1415 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1416 {
1417 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1418 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1419 }
1420 ;
1421
1422//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1423
1424declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1425 // empty
1426 { $$ = nullptr; }
1427 | declaration_list
1428 ;
1429
1430declaration_list:
1431 declaration
1432 | declaration_list declaration
1433 { $$ = $1->appendList( $2 ); }
1434 ;
1435
1436KR_parameter_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1437 // empty
1438 { $$ = nullptr; }
1439 | KR_parameter_list
1440 ;
1441
1442KR_parameter_list:
1443 push c_declaration pop ';'
1444 { $$ = $2; }
1445 | KR_parameter_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1446 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1447 ;
1448
1449local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1450 // empty
1451 | local_label_declaration_list
1452 ;
1453
1454local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1455 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1456 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1457 ;
1458
1459local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1460 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1461 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1462 ;
1463
1464declaration: // old & new style declarations
1465 c_declaration ';'
1466 | cfa_declaration ';' // CFA
1467 | static_assert // C11
1468 ;
1469
1470static_assert:
1471 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1472 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, $5 ); }
1473 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ')' ';' // CFA
1474 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStaticAssert( $3, build_constantStr( *new string( "\"\"" ) ) ); }
1475
1476// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1477// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1478// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1479// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1480// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1481// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1482//
1483// CFA C
1484// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1485// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1486
1487cfa_declaration: // CFA
1488 cfa_variable_declaration
1489 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1490 | cfa_function_declaration
1491 | type_declaring_list
1492 | trait_specifier
1493 ;
1494
1495cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1496 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1497 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ); }
1498 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1499 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1500 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1501 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1502 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1503 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1504 ;
1505
1506cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1507 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1508 // storage-class
1509 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1510 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1511 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1512 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 ); }
1513 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1514 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 ); }
1515 ;
1516
1517cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1518 cfa_function_specifier
1519 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1520 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1521 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1522 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1523 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1524 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1525 | cfa_function_declaration ',' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1526 {
1527 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1528 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1529 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1530 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, ret, $6, nullptr ) );
1531 }
1532 ;
1533
1534cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1535// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1536// {
1537// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1538// }
1539// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1540// {
1541// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1542// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1543// }
1544// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1545// {
1546// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1547// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1548// }
1549// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1550 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1551 //
1552 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
1553 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1554 //
1555 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1556 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1557 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1558 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1559 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1560 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
1561 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 ); }
1562 ;
1563
1564cfa_function_return: // CFA
1565 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1566 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1567 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1568 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the ']'.
1569 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1570 ;
1571
1572cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1573 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1574 {
1575 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "1" );
1576 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1577 }
1578 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1579 {
1580 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2->name, TYPEDEFname, "2" );
1581 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1582 }
1583 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1584 {
1585 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TYPEDEFname, "3" );
1586 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1587 }
1588 ;
1589
1590// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1591// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1592
1593typedef_declaration:
1594 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1595 {
1596 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "4" );
1597 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1598 }
1599 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1600 {
1601 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5->name, TYPEDEFname, "5" );
1602 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1603 }
1604 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1605 {
1606 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "6" );
1607 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1608 }
1609 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1610 {
1611 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$3->name, TYPEDEFname, "7" );
1612 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1613 }
1614 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1615 {
1616 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$4->name, TYPEDEFname, "8" );
1617 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1618 }
1619 ;
1620
1621typedef_expression:
1622 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1623 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1624 {
1625 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1626 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1627 }
1628 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1629 {
1630 // $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1631 SemanticError( yylloc, "Typedef expression is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr;
1632 }
1633 ;
1634
1635//c_declaration:
1636// declaring_list pop ';'
1637// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1638// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1639// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1640// ;
1641//
1642//declaring_list:
1643// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1644// // storage-class
1645// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1646// {
1647// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1648// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1649// }
1650// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1651// {
1652// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( IDENTIFIER );
1653// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1654// }
1655// ;
1656
1657c_declaration:
1658 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1659 { $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1660 | typedef_declaration
1661 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1662 | sue_declaration_specifier
1663 ;
1664
1665declaring_list:
1666 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1667 // storage-class
1668 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1669 { $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 ); }
1670 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1671 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ); }
1672 ;
1673
1674declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1675 basic_declaration_specifier
1676 | sue_declaration_specifier
1677 | type_declaration_specifier
1678 ;
1679
1680declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1681 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1682 //
1683 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1684 //
1685 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1686 basic_declaration_specifier
1687 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1688 | type_declaration_specifier
1689 ;
1690
1691type_specifier: // type specifier
1692 basic_type_specifier
1693 | sue_type_specifier
1694 | type_type_specifier
1695 ;
1696
1697type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1698 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1699 //
1700 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1701 //
1702 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1703 basic_type_specifier
1704 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1705 | type_type_specifier
1706 ;
1707
1708type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1709 // empty
1710 { $$ = nullptr; }
1711 | type_qualifier_list
1712 ;
1713
1714type_qualifier_list:
1715 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1716 //
1717 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1718 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1719 // appeared only once.
1720 type_qualifier
1721 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1722 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1723 ;
1724
1725type_qualifier:
1726 type_qualifier_name
1727 | attribute
1728 ;
1729
1730type_qualifier_name:
1731 CONST
1732 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1733 | RESTRICT
1734 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1735 | VOLATILE
1736 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1737 | ATOMIC
1738 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1739 | forall
1740 ;
1741
1742forall:
1743 FORALL '(' type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1744 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $3 ); }
1745 ;
1746
1747declaration_qualifier_list:
1748 storage_class_list
1749 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1750 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1751 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1752 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1753 ;
1754
1755storage_class_list:
1756 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1757 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1758 //
1759 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1760 // specifiers in a declaration.
1761 storage_class
1762 | storage_class_list storage_class
1763 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1764 ;
1765
1766storage_class:
1767 EXTERN
1768 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1769 | STATIC
1770 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1771 | AUTO
1772 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1773 | REGISTER
1774 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1775 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1776 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1777 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1778 | INLINE // C99
1779 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1780 | FORTRAN // C99
1781 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1782 | NORETURN // C11
1783 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1784 ;
1785
1786basic_type_name:
1787 VOID
1788 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1789 | BOOL // C99
1790 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1791 | CHAR
1792 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1793 | INT
1794 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1795 | INT128
1796 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1797 | FLOAT
1798 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1799 | FLOAT80
1800 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1801 | FLOAT128
1802 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1803 | DOUBLE
1804 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1805 | COMPLEX // C99
1806 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1807 | IMAGINARY // C99
1808 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1809 | SIGNED
1810 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1811 | UNSIGNED
1812 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1813 | SHORT
1814 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1815 | LONG
1816 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1817 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1818 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1819 ;
1820
1821basic_declaration_specifier:
1822 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1823 basic_type_specifier
1824 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1825 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1826 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1827 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1828 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1829 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1830 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1831 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1832 ;
1833
1834basic_type_specifier:
1835 direct_type
1836 // Cannot have type modifiers, e.g., short, long, etc.
1837 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1838 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1839 ;
1840
1841direct_type:
1842 basic_type_name
1843 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1844 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1845 | direct_type type_qualifier
1846 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1847 | direct_type basic_type_name
1848 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1849 ;
1850
1851indirect_type:
1852 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof( x ) y;
1853 { $$ = $3; }
1854 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof( a+b ) y;
1855 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1856 | BASETYPEOF '(' type ')' // CFA: basetypeof( x ) y;
1857 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ), true ); }
1858 | BASETYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: basetypeof( a+b ) y;
1859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3, true ); }
1860 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type( x ) y;
1861 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1862 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type( a+b ) y;
1863 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1864 | ZERO_T // CFA
1865 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1866 | ONE_T // CFA
1867 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1868 ;
1869
1870sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1871 sue_type_specifier
1872 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1873 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1874 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1875 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1876 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1877 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1878 ;
1879
1880sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1881 elaborated_type
1882 | type_qualifier_list
1883 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1884 elaborated_type
1885 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1886 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1887 {
1888 if ( $2->type != nullptr && $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
1889 $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 );
1890 }
1891 ;
1892
1893sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1894 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1895 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1896 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1897 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1898 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1899 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1900 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1901 ;
1902
1903sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1904 elaborated_type_nobody
1905 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1906 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1907 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1908 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1909 ;
1910
1911type_declaration_specifier:
1912 type_type_specifier
1913 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1914 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1915 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1916 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1917 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1918 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1919 ;
1920
1921type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1922 type_name
1923 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1924 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1925 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1926 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1927 ;
1928
1929type_name:
1930 TYPEDEFname
1931 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1932 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1933 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ) ); }
1934 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1935 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ) ); }
1936 | typegen_name
1937 | '.' typegen_name
1938 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( DeclarationNode::newFromGlobalScope(), $2 ); }
1939 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1940 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifiedType( $1, $3 ); }
1941 ;
1942
1943typegen_name: // CFA
1944 TYPEGENname
1945 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1946 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1947 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1948 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1949 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1950 ;
1951
1952elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1953 aggregate_type
1954 | enum_type
1955 ;
1956
1957elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1958 aggregate_type_nobody
1959 | enum_type_nobody
1960 ;
1961
1962fred:
1963 // empty
1964 { yyy = false; }
1965 ;
1966
1967aggregate_type: // struct, union
1968 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt
1969 { forall = false; } // reset
1970 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
1971 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $7, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1972 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
1973 {
1974 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
1975 forall = false; // reset
1976 }
1977 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
1978 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1979 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
1980 {
1981 // for type_name can be a qualified type name S.T, in which case only the last name in the chain needs a typedef (other names in the chain should already have one)
1982 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->leafName(), forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname ); // create typedef
1983 forall = false; // reset
1984 }
1985 '{' field_declaration_list_opt '}' type_parameters_opt
1986 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $9, $7, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1987 | aggregate_type_nobody
1988 ;
1989
1990type_parameters_opt:
1991 // empty
1992 { $$ = nullptr; } %prec '}'
1993 | '(' type_list ')'
1994 { $$ = $2; }
1995 ;
1996
1997aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1998 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier fred
1999 {
2000 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3, forall || typedefTable.getEnclForall() ? TYPEGENname : TYPEDEFname );
2001 forall = false; // reset
2002 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2003 }
2004 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt type_name fred
2005 {
2006 forall = false; // reset
2007 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
2008 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
2009 // delete newFromTypeGen.
2010 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2011 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
2012 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
2013 delete $3;
2014 }
2015 ;
2016
2017aggregate_key:
2018 STRUCT
2019 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
2020 | UNION
2021 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
2022 | EXCEPTION
2023 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
2024 | COROUTINE
2025 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
2026 | MONITOR
2027 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
2028 | THREAD
2029 { yyy = true; $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
2030 ;
2031
2032field_declaration_list_opt:
2033 // empty
2034 { $$ = nullptr; }
2035 | field_declaration_list_opt field_declaration
2036 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2037 ;
2038
2039field_declaration:
2040 type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';'
2041 { $$ = fieldDecl( $1, $2 ); }
2042 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list_opt ';' // GCC
2043 { $$ = fieldDecl( $2, $3 ); distExt( $$ ); }
2044 | INLINE type_specifier field_abstract_list_opt ';' // CFA
2045 {
2046 if ( ! $3 ) { // field declarator ?
2047 $3 = DeclarationNode::newName( nullptr );
2048 } // if
2049 $3->inLine = true;
2050 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 ); // mark all fields in list
2051 distInl( $3 );
2052 }
2053 | typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2054 | cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2055 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
2056 { distExt( $2 ); $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2057 | INLINE cfa_field_abstract_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
2058 { $$ = $2; } // mark all fields in list
2059 | cfa_typedef_declaration ';' // CFA
2060 | static_assert // C11
2061 ;
2062
2063field_declaring_list_opt:
2064 // empty
2065 { $$ = nullptr; }
2066 | field_declarator
2067 | field_declaring_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
2068 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2069 ;
2070
2071field_declarator:
2072 bit_subrange_size // C special case, no field name
2073 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
2074 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2075 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2076 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2077 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
2078 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on integral types.
2079 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
2080 ;
2081
2082field_abstract_list_opt:
2083 // empty
2084 { $$ = nullptr; }
2085 | field_abstract
2086 | field_abstract_list_opt ',' attribute_list_opt field_abstract
2087 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
2088 ;
2089
2090field_abstract:
2091 // no bit fields
2092 variable_abstract_declarator
2093 ;
2094
2095cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2096 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2097 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2098 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2099 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2100 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
2101 ;
2102
2103cfa_field_abstract_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
2104 // bit-fields are handled by C declarations
2105 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
2106 | cfa_field_abstract_list ','
2107 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
2108 ;
2109
2110bit_subrange_size_opt:
2111 // empty
2112 { $$ = nullptr; }
2113 | bit_subrange_size
2114 ;
2115
2116bit_subrange_size:
2117 ':' constant_expression
2118 { $$ = $2; }
2119 ;
2120
2121enum_type: // enum
2122 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2123 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2124 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
2125 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
2126 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2127 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2128 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2129 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
2130 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, $5, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2131 | enum_type_nobody
2132 ;
2133
2134enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
2135 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
2136 {
2137 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
2138 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2139 }
2140 | ENUM attribute_list_opt type_name
2141 {
2142 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3->type->symbolic.name );
2143 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3->type->symbolic.name, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
2144 }
2145 ;
2146
2147enumerator_list:
2148 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2149 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
2150 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
2151 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
2152 ;
2153
2154enumerator_value_opt:
2155 // empty
2156 { $$ = nullptr; }
2157 | '=' constant_expression
2158 { $$ = $2; }
2159 ;
2160
2161cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2162 // empty
2163 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2164 | ELLIPSIS
2165 { $$ = nullptr; }
2166 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2167 | cfa_parameter_list
2168 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2169 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2170 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2171 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2172 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2173 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2174 ;
2175
2176cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2177 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2178 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2179 cfa_parameter_declaration
2180 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2181 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2182 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2183 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2184 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2185 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2186 ;
2187
2188cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2189 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2190 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2191 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2192 ;
2193
2194parameter_type_list_opt:
2195 // empty
2196 { $$ = nullptr; }
2197 | ELLIPSIS
2198 { $$ = nullptr; }
2199 | parameter_list
2200 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2201 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2202 ;
2203
2204parameter_list: // abstract + real
2205 abstract_parameter_declaration
2206 | parameter_declaration
2207 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2208 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2209 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2210 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2211 ;
2212
2213// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2214// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2215
2216cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2217 parameter_declaration
2218 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2219 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2220 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2221 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2222 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2223 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2224 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2225 | cfa_function_specifier
2226 ;
2227
2228cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2229 abstract_parameter_declaration
2230 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2231 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2232 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2233 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2234 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2235 | cfa_abstract_function
2236 ;
2237
2238parameter_declaration:
2239 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2240 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2241 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2242 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2243 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2244 ;
2245
2246abstract_parameter_declaration:
2247 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2248 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2249 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2250 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2251 ;
2252
2253// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2254// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2255// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2256
2257identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2258 no_attr_identifier
2259 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2260 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2261 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2262 ;
2263
2264identifier_or_type_name:
2265 identifier
2266 | TYPEDEFname
2267 | TYPEGENname
2268 ;
2269
2270no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2271 no_attr_identifier
2272 | TYPEDEFname
2273 | TYPEGENname
2274 ;
2275
2276type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2277 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2278 | type_specifier
2279 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2280 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2281 ;
2282
2283type: // typeof, assertion
2284 type_no_function
2285 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2286 ;
2287
2288initializer_opt:
2289 // empty
2290 { $$ = nullptr; }
2291 | '=' initializer
2292 { $$ = $2; }
2293 | '=' VOID
2294 { $$ = new InitializerNode( true ); }
2295 | ATassign initializer
2296 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2297 ;
2298
2299initializer:
2300 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2301 | '{' initializer_list_opt comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2302 ;
2303
2304initializer_list_opt:
2305 // empty
2306 { $$ = nullptr; }
2307 | initializer
2308 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2309 | initializer_list_opt ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2310 | initializer_list_opt ',' designation initializer
2311 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2312 ;
2313
2314// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2315// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2316//
2317// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2318//
2319// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2320// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2321// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2322// shift/reduce conflicts
2323
2324designation:
2325 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2326 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2327 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2328 ;
2329
2330designator_list: // C99
2331 designator
2332 | designator_list designator
2333 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2334 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2335 ;
2336
2337designator:
2338 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2339 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2340 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2341 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2342 { $$ = $3; }
2343 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2344 { $$ = $3; }
2345 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2346 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2347 | '.' '[' push field_name_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2348 { $$ = $4; }
2349 ;
2350
2351// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2352// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2353//
2354// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2355//
2356// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2357// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2358// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2359//
2360// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2361// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2362//
2363// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2364// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2365// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2366// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2367// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2368
2369type_parameter_list: // CFA
2370 type_parameter
2371 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2372 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2373 ;
2374
2375type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2376 // empty
2377 { $$ = nullptr; }
2378 | '=' type
2379 { $$ = $2; }
2380 ;
2381
2382type_parameter: // CFA
2383 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2384 { typedefTable.addToScope( *$2, TYPEDEFname, "9" ); }
2385 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2386 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2387 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2388 | assertion_list
2389 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( DeclarationNode::Dtype, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) )->addAssertions( $1 ); }
2390 ;
2391
2392type_class: // CFA
2393 OTYPE
2394 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2395 | DTYPE
2396 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2397 | FTYPE
2398 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2399 | TTYPE
2400 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2401 ;
2402
2403assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2404 // empty
2405 { $$ = nullptr; }
2406 | assertion_list
2407 ;
2408
2409assertion_list: // CFA
2410 assertion
2411 | assertion_list assertion
2412 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2413 ;
2414
2415assertion: // CFA
2416 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2417 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 ); }
2418 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2419 { $$ = $4; }
2420 // | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}' '(' type_list ')'
2421 // { SemanticError( yylloc, "Generic data-type assertion is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
2422 ;
2423
2424type_list: // CFA
2425 type
2426 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2427 | assignment_expression
2428 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $1->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2429 | type_list ',' type
2430 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2431 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2432 { SemanticError( yylloc, toString("Expression generic parameters are currently unimplemented: ", $3->build()) ); $$ = nullptr; }
2433 // { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2434 ;
2435
2436type_declaring_list: // CFA
2437 OTYPE type_declarator
2438 { $$ = $2; }
2439 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2440 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2441 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2442 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2443 ;
2444
2445type_declarator: // CFA
2446 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2447 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2448 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2449 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2450 ;
2451
2452type_declarator_name: // CFA
2453 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2454 {
2455 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEDEFname, "10" );
2456 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2457 }
2458 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')'
2459 {
2460 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TYPEGENname, "11" );
2461 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $3 );
2462 }
2463 ;
2464
2465trait_specifier: // CFA
2466 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' '}'
2467 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, 0 ); }
2468 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_parameter_list ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list pop '}'
2469 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $4, $8 ); }
2470 ;
2471
2472trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2473 trait_declaration
2474 | trait_declaration_list pop push trait_declaration
2475 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4 ); }
2476 ;
2477
2478trait_declaration: // CFA
2479 cfa_trait_declaring_list ';'
2480 | trait_declaring_list ';'
2481 ;
2482
2483cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2484 cfa_variable_specifier
2485 | cfa_function_specifier
2486 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2487 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) ); }
2488 ;
2489
2490trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2491 type_specifier declarator
2492 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2493 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2494 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) ); }
2495 ;
2496
2497//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2498
2499translation_unit:
2500 // empty, input file
2501 | external_definition_list
2502 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2503 ;
2504
2505external_definition_list:
2506 push external_definition pop
2507 { $$ = $2; }
2508 | external_definition_list push external_definition pop
2509 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2510 ;
2511
2512external_definition_list_opt:
2513 // empty
2514 { $$ = nullptr; }
2515 | external_definition_list
2516 ;
2517
2518up:
2519 { typedefTable.up( forall ); forall = false; }
2520 ;
2521
2522down:
2523 { typedefTable.down(); }
2524 ;
2525
2526external_definition:
2527 declaration
2528 | external_function_definition
2529 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2530 {
2531 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2532 $$ = $2;
2533 }
2534 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2535 {
2536 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asm( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2537 }
2538 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2539 {
2540 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2541 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2542 }
2543 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}'
2544 {
2545 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2546 linkageStack.pop();
2547 $$ = $6;
2548 }
2549 | type_qualifier_list
2550 {
2551 if ( $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2552 if ( $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2553 }
2554 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2555 {
2556 distQual( $5, $1 );
2557 forall = false;
2558 $$ = $5;
2559 }
2560 | declaration_qualifier_list
2561 {
2562 if ( $1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2563 if ( $1->type && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2564 }
2565 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2566 {
2567 distQual( $5, $1 );
2568 forall = false;
2569 $$ = $5;
2570 }
2571 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list
2572 {
2573 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->qualifiers.val) || $2->type->qualifiers.val ) { SemanticError( yylloc, "CV qualifiers cannot be distributed; only storage-class and forall qualifiers." ); }
2574 if ( ($1->type && $1->type->forall) || $2->type->forall ) forall = true; // remember generic type
2575 }
2576 '{' up external_definition_list_opt down '}' // CFA, namespace
2577 {
2578 distQual( $6, $1->addQualifiers( $2 ) );
2579 forall = false;
2580 $$ = $6;
2581 }
2582 ;
2583
2584external_function_definition:
2585 function_definition
2586 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2587 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2588 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2589 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2590 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2591 | function_declarator compound_statement
2592 { $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 ); }
2593 | KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt compound_statement
2594 { $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 ); }
2595 ;
2596
2597with_clause_opt:
2598 // empty
2599 { $$ = nullptr; forall = false; }
2600 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2601 { $$ = $3; forall = false; }
2602 ;
2603
2604function_definition:
2605 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2606 {
2607 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2608 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2609 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2610 $$ = $1;
2611 }
2612 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2613 {
2614 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2615 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2616 }
2617 | declaration_specifier variable_type_redeclarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2618 {
2619 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2620 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2621 }
2622 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2623 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2624 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2625 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2626 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2627 { $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2628 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2629 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2630 { $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2631
2632 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2633 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2634 {
2635 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2636 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2637 }
2638 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2639 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2640 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2641 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2642 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2643 { $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2644 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2645 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_parameter_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2646 { $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2647 ;
2648
2649declarator:
2650 variable_declarator
2651 | variable_type_redeclarator
2652 | function_declarator
2653 ;
2654
2655subrange:
2656 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2657 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2658 ;
2659
2660asm_name_opt: // GCC
2661 // empty
2662 { $$ = nullptr; }
2663 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2664 {
2665 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2666 name->asmName = $3;
2667 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2668 }
2669 ;
2670
2671attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2672 // empty
2673 { $$ = nullptr; }
2674 | attribute_list
2675 ;
2676
2677attribute_list: // GCC
2678 attribute
2679 | attribute_list attribute
2680 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2681 ;
2682
2683attribute: // GCC
2684 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2685 { $$ = $4; }
2686 ;
2687
2688attribute_name_list: // GCC
2689 attribute_name
2690 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2691 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2692 ;
2693
2694attribute_name: // GCC
2695 // empty
2696 { $$ = nullptr; }
2697 | attr_name
2698 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2699 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2700 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2701 ;
2702
2703attr_name: // GCC
2704 IDENTIFIER
2705 | quasi_keyword
2706 | TYPEDEFname
2707 | TYPEGENname
2708 | FALLTHROUGH
2709 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2710 | CONST
2711 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2712 ;
2713
2714// ============================================================================
2715// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2716// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2717// in:
2718//
2719// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2720// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2721//
2722// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2723// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2724// ============================================================================
2725
2726// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2727// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2728// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2729//
2730// valid declaration invalid definition
2731// ----------------- ------------------
2732// int f; int f {}
2733// int *f; int *f {}
2734// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2735// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2736//
2737// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2738// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2739// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2740
2741// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2742// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2743
2744variable_declarator:
2745 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2746 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2747 | variable_ptr
2748 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2749 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2750 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2751 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2752 ;
2753
2754paren_identifier:
2755 identifier
2756 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2757 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2758 { $$ = $2; }
2759 ;
2760
2761variable_ptr:
2762 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2763 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2764 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2765 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2766 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2767 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2768 ;
2769
2770variable_array:
2771 paren_identifier array_dimension
2772 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2773 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2774 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2775 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2776 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2777 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2778 { $$ = $2; }
2779 ;
2780
2781variable_function:
2782 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2783 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2784 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2785 { $$ = $2; }
2786 ;
2787
2788// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2789// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2790// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2791
2792function_declarator:
2793 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2794 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2795 | function_ptr
2796 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2797 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2798 ;
2799
2800function_no_ptr:
2801 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2802 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2803 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2804 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2805 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2806 { $$ = $2; }
2807 ;
2808
2809function_ptr:
2810 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2811 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2812 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2813 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2814 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2815 { $$ = $2; }
2816 ;
2817
2818function_array:
2819 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2820 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2821 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2822 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2823 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2824 { $$ = $2; }
2825 ;
2826
2827// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2828//
2829// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2830//
2831// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2832// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2833
2834KR_function_declarator:
2835 KR_function_no_ptr
2836 | KR_function_ptr
2837 | KR_function_array
2838 ;
2839
2840KR_function_no_ptr:
2841 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2842 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2843 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2844 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2845 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2846 { $$ = $2; }
2847 ;
2848
2849KR_function_ptr:
2850 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2851 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2852 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2853 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2854 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2855 { $$ = $2; }
2856 ;
2857
2858KR_function_array:
2859 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2860 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2861 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2862 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2863 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2864 { $$ = $2; }
2865 ;
2866
2867// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2868//
2869// typedef int foo;
2870// {
2871// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2872// }
2873//
2874// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2875// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2876
2877variable_type_redeclarator:
2878 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2879 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2880 | type_ptr
2881 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2882 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2883 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2884 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2885 ;
2886
2887paren_type:
2888 typedef
2889 // hide type name in enclosing scope by variable name
2890 {
2891 // if ( ! typedefTable.existsCurr( *$1->name ) ) {
2892 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1->name, IDENTIFIER, "ID" );
2893 // } else {
2894 // SemanticError( yylloc, string("'") + *$1->name + "' redeclared as different kind of symbol." ); $$ = nullptr;
2895 // } // if
2896 }
2897 | '(' paren_type ')'
2898 { $$ = $2; }
2899 ;
2900
2901type_ptr:
2902 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2903 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2904 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2905 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2906 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2907 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2908 ;
2909
2910type_array:
2911 paren_type array_dimension
2912 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2913 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2914 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2915 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2916 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2917 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2918 { $$ = $2; }
2919 ;
2920
2921type_function:
2922 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2923 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2924 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2925 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2926 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2927 { $$ = $2; }
2928 ;
2929
2930// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2931// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2932// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2933// pointers to arrays and functions.
2934
2935identifier_parameter_declarator:
2936 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2937 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2938 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2939 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2940 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2941 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2942 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2943 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2944 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2945 ;
2946
2947identifier_parameter_ptr:
2948 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2949 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2950 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2951 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2952 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2953 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2954 ;
2955
2956identifier_parameter_array:
2957 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2958 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2959 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2960 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2961 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2962 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2963 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2964 { $$ = $2; }
2965 ;
2966
2967identifier_parameter_function:
2968 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2969 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2970 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2971 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2972 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2973 { $$ = $2; }
2974 ;
2975
2976// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2977// e.g.:
2978//
2979// typedef int foo;
2980// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2981// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2982//
2983// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2984
2985type_parameter_redeclarator:
2986 typedef attribute_list_opt
2987 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2988 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2989 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2990 | type_parameter_ptr
2991 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2992 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2993 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2994 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2995 ;
2996
2997typedef:
2998 TYPEDEFname
2999 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3000 | TYPEGENname
3001 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
3002 ;
3003
3004type_parameter_ptr:
3005 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
3006 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3007 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
3008 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3009 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3010 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3011 ;
3012
3013type_parameter_array:
3014 typedef array_parameter_dimension
3015 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3016 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3017 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3018 ;
3019
3020type_parameter_function:
3021 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3022 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
3023 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3024 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3025 ;
3026
3027// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
3028// which the type applies, e.g.:
3029//
3030// sizeof( int );
3031// sizeof( int * );
3032// sizeof( int [10] );
3033// sizeof( int (*)() );
3034// sizeof( int () );
3035//
3036// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3037// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
3038
3039abstract_declarator:
3040 abstract_ptr
3041 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3042 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3043 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3044 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3045 ;
3046
3047abstract_ptr:
3048 ptrref_operator
3049 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3050 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3051 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3052 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
3053 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3054 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
3055 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3056 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3057 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3058 ;
3059
3060abstract_array:
3061 array_dimension
3062 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3063 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3064 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3065 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3066 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3067 { $$ = $2; }
3068 ;
3069
3070abstract_function:
3071 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3072 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3073 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3074 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3075 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3076 { $$ = $2; }
3077 ;
3078
3079array_dimension:
3080 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
3081 '[' ']'
3082 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3083 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
3084 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
3085 | multi_array_dimension
3086 ;
3087
3088multi_array_dimension:
3089 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3090 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
3091 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3092 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
3093 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
3094 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
3095 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
3096 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
3097 ;
3098
3099// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3100// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3101//
3102// int f( int ); // not handled here
3103// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3104// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3105// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3106//
3107// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
3108// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
3109// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
3110//
3111// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
3112// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
3113// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
3114//
3115// For example:
3116//
3117// typedef float T;
3118// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3119// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
3120// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3121// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
3122//
3123// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
3124// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
3125// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
3126// functions.
3127
3128abstract_parameter_declarator:
3129 abstract_parameter_ptr
3130 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
3131 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3132 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3133 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3134 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3135 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3136 ;
3137
3138abstract_parameter_ptr:
3139 ptrref_operator
3140 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3141 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3142 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3143 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3144 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3145 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3146 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3147 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3148 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3149 ;
3150
3151abstract_parameter_array:
3152 array_parameter_dimension
3153 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3154 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3155 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3156 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3157 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3158 { $$ = $2; }
3159 ;
3160
3161abstract_parameter_function:
3162 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3163 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3164 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3165 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3166 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3167 { $$ = $2; }
3168 ;
3169
3170array_parameter_dimension:
3171 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3172 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3173 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3174 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3175 | multi_array_dimension
3176 ;
3177
3178// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3179//
3180// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3181// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3182
3183array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3184 '[' ']'
3185 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3186 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3187 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3188 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3189 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3190 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3191 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3192 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3193 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3194 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3195 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3196 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3197 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3198 ;
3199
3200// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3201//
3202// struct S {
3203// int;
3204// int *;
3205// int [10];
3206// int (*)();
3207// };
3208
3209variable_abstract_declarator:
3210 variable_abstract_ptr
3211 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3212 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3213 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3214 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3215 ;
3216
3217variable_abstract_ptr:
3218 ptrref_operator
3219 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3220 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3221 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3222 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3223 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3224 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3225 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3226 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3227 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3228 ;
3229
3230variable_abstract_array:
3231 array_dimension
3232 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3233 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3234 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3235 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3236 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3237 { $$ = $2; }
3238 ;
3239
3240variable_abstract_function:
3241 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3242 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3243 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3244 { $$ = $2; }
3245 ;
3246
3247// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3248// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3249
3250cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3251 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3252 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3253 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3254 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3255 ;
3256
3257cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3258 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3259 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3260 ;
3261
3262cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3263 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3264 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3265 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3266 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3267 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3268 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3269 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3270 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3271 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3272 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3273 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3274 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3275 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3276 ;
3277
3278cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3279 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3280 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3281 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3282 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3283 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3284 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3285 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3286 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3287 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3288 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3289 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3290 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3291
3292 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3293 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3294 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3295 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3296 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3297 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3298 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3299 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3300 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3301 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3302 ;
3303
3304cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3305 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3306 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3307 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3308 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3309 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3310 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3311 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3312 // appear in this context.
3313 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3314 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3315 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3316 ;
3317
3318// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3319// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3320//
3321// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3322// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3323//
3324// These rules need LR(3):
3325//
3326// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3327// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3328//
3329// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3330//
3331// [int, int] t;
3332// [int, int] f( int );
3333//
3334// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3335// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3336// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3337// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3338
3339cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3340 cfa_abstract_tuple
3341 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3342 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3343 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3344 ;
3345
3346cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3347 cfa_abstract_ptr
3348 | cfa_abstract_array
3349 ;
3350
3351cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3352 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3353 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3354 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3355 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3356 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3357 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3358 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3359 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3360 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3361 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3362 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3363 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3364 ;
3365
3366cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3367 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3368 // empty (void) function return type.
3369 '[' ']' type_specifier
3370 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3371 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3372 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3373 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3374 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3375 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3376 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3377 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3378 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3379 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3380 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3381 ;
3382
3383cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3384 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3385 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3386 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS pop ']'
3387 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3388 | '[' push type_specifier_nobody ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']'
3389 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Tuple array currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; }
3390 ;
3391
3392cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3393// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt ')'
3394// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3395 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3396 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3397 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_ellipsis_list_opt pop ')'
3398 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3399 ;
3400
3401// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3402// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3403//
3404// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3405// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3406//
3407// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3408// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3409//
3410// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3411// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3412
3413//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3414
3415comma_opt: // redundant comma
3416 // empty
3417 | ','
3418 ;
3419
3420default_initialize_opt:
3421 // empty
3422 { $$ = nullptr; }
3423 | '=' assignment_expression
3424 { $$ = $2; }
3425 ;
3426
3427%%
3428
3429// ----end of grammar----
3430
3431// Local Variables: //
3432// mode: c++ //
3433// tab-width: 4 //
3434// compile-command: "make install" //
3435// End: //
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