source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 2449aef

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr new-env no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum resolv-new with_gc
Last change on this file since 2449aef was 481115f, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 8 years ago

change semantics of CFA routine-prototype declaration

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 120.3 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Mon Nov 27 17:23:35 2017
13// Update Count : 2992
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121
122void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
123 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // return is aggregate definition
124 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
125 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
126 } // if
127} // rebindForall
128
129bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
130
131// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
132#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
133if ( N ) { \
134 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
135 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
136 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
137 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
138 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
139} else { \
140 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
141 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
142 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
143}
144%}
145
146%define parse.error verbose
147
148// Types declaration for productions
149%union
150{
151 Token tok;
152 ParseNode * pn;
153 ExpressionNode * en;
154 DeclarationNode * decl;
155 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
156 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
157 StatementNode * sn;
158 WaitForStmt * wfs;
159 Expression * constant;
160 IfCtl * ifctl;
161 ForCtl * fctl;
162 LabelNode * label;
163 InitializerNode * in;
164 OperKinds op;
165 std::string * str;
166 bool flag;
167 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
168}
169
170//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
171
172// keywords
173%token TYPEDEF
174%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
175%token THREADLOCAL // C11
176%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
177%token NORETURN // C11
178%token CONST VOLATILE
179%token RESTRICT // C99
180%token ATOMIC // C11
181%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
182%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
183%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
184%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
185%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
186%token VALIST // GCC
187%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
188%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
189%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
190%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
191%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
192%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
193%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
194%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
195%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
196%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
197
198// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
199%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
200%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
201%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
202%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
203// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
204// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
205// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
206%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
207
208// multi-character operators
209%token ARROW // ->
210%token ICR DECR // ++ --
211%token LS RS // << >>
212%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
213%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
214%token ELLIPSIS // ...
215
216%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
217%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
218%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
219%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
220
221%token ATassign // @=
222
223%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
224%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
225%type<tok> quasi_keyword
226%type<constant> string_literal
227%type<str> string_literal_list
228
229// expressions
230%type<en> constant
231%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
232%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
233%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
234%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
235%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
236%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
237%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
238%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
239%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
240%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
241%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
242%type<fctl> for_control_expression
243%type<en> subrange
244%type<decl> asm_name_opt
245%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
246%type<label> label_list
247%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
248%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
249%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
250
251// statements
252%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
253%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
254%type<sn> selection_statement
255%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
256%type<en> case_value
257%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
258%type<sn> fall_through fall_through_opt
259%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
260%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
261%type<sn> with_statement with_clause_opt
262%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
263%type<catch_kind> handler_key
264%type<sn> mutex_statement
265%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
266%type<sn> waitfor_statement
267%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
268
269// declarations
270%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
271%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
272%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
273
274%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
275%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
276
277%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
278
279%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
280
281%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
282
283%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
284
285%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
286%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
287
288%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
289
290%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
291%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
292
293%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
294
295%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
296%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
297
298%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
299
300%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
301%type<decl> identifier_list
302
303%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
304%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
305%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
306
307%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
308
309%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
310%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
311
312%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
313%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
314
315%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_type_list cfa_parameter_type_list_opt
316
317%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
318
319%type<decl> c_declaration
320%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
321%type<decl> KR_declaration_list KR_declaration_list_opt
322
323%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
324%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
325
326%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
327
328%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
329
330%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
331
332%type<tclass> type_class
333%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
334
335%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
336%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
337
338%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
339
340%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
341
342%type<decl> type type_no_function
343%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
344
345%type<en> type_list
346
347%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
348%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
349
350%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
351%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
352
353%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
354
355// initializers
356%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
357
358// designators
359%type<en> designator designator_list designation
360
361
362// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
363// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
364// if ( C ) S1 else S2
365// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
366// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
367
368// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
369// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
370%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
371%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
372%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
373%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
374
375// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
376// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
377// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
378// Foo ( *fp )( int );
379// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
380// Must be:
381// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
382
383// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
384%precedence TYPEGENname
385%precedence '('
386
387%locations // support location tracking for error messages
388
389%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
390
391%%
392//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
393
394// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
395// "identifier", "TYPEDEFname", and "TYPEGENname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely
396// context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs.
397// Hence, this grammar uses the ANSI style.
398//
399// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
400// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
401// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
402//
403// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
404// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
405// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
406//
407// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
408// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
409// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
410// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
411// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
412//
413// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
414// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
415// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
416// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
417// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
418// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
419// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
420
421push:
422 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
423 ;
424
425pop:
426 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
427 ;
428
429//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
430
431constant:
432 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
433 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
434 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
435 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
436 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
437 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
438 ;
439
440quasi_keyword: // CFA
441 TIMEOUT
442 | WOR
443 ;
444
445identifier:
446 IDENTIFIER
447 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
448 | quasi_keyword
449 ;
450
451no_attr_identifier:
452 IDENTIFIER
453 | quasi_keyword
454 ;
455
456string_literal:
457 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
458 ;
459
460string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
461 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
462 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
463 {
464 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
465 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
466 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
467 }
468 ;
469
470//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
471
472primary_expression:
473 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
474 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
475 | quasi_keyword
476 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
477 | tuple
478 | '(' comma_expression ')'
479 { $$ = $2; }
480 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
481 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
482 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
483 { throw SemanticError("Qualified names are currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
484 | type_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
485 { throw SemanticError("Qualified names are currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
486 ;
487
488postfix_expression:
489 primary_expression
490 | postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
491 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
492 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
493 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
494 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
495 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
496 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
497 {
498 Token fn;
499 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
500 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
501 }
502 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
503 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
504 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
505 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
506 | postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
507 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
508 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
509 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
510 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
511 {
512 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
513 }
514 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
515 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
516 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
517 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
518 | postfix_expression ICR
519 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
520 | postfix_expression DECR
521 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
522 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
523 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
524 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
525 {
526 Token fn;
527 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
528 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
529 }
530 ;
531
532argument_expression_list:
533 argument_expression
534 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
535 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
536 ;
537
538argument_expression:
539 // empty
540 { $$ = nullptr; }
541 // | '@' // use default argument
542 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
543 | assignment_expression
544 ;
545
546field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
547 field
548 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
549 ;
550
551field: // CFA, tuple field selector
552 field_name
553 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
554 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
555 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
556 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
557 | field_name '.' field
558 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
559 | field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
560 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
561 | field_name ARROW field
562 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
563 | field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
564 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
565 ;
566
567field_name:
568 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
569 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
570 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
571 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
572 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
573 {
574 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
575 }
576 ;
577
578fraction_constants:
579 // empty
580 { $$ = nullptr; }
581 | fraction_constants FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
582 {
583 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
584 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
585 }
586 ;
587
588unary_expression:
589 postfix_expression
590 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
591 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
592 | constant
593 { $$ = $1; }
594 | string_literal
595 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
596 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
597 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
598 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
599 // { * X; } // dereference X
600 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
601 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
602 {
603 switch ( $1 ) {
604 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
605 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
606 break;
607 case OperKinds::PointTo:
608 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
609 break;
610 case OperKinds::And:
611 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
612 break;
613 default:
614 assert( false );
615 }
616 }
617 | unary_operator cast_expression
618 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
619 | ICR unary_expression
620 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
621 | DECR unary_expression
622 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
623 | SIZEOF unary_expression
624 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
625 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
626 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
627 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
628 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
629 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
630 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
631 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
632 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
633 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
634 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
635 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
636 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
637 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
638 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
639 ;
640
641ptrref_operator:
642 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
643 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
644 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
645 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
646 ;
647
648unary_operator:
649 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
650 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
651 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
652 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
653 ;
654
655cast_expression:
656 unary_expression
657 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
658 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
659 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
660 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression
661 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
662 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression
663 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
664// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
665// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
666 ;
667
668exponential_expression:
669 cast_expression
670 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
671 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
672 ;
673
674multiplicative_expression:
675 exponential_expression
676 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
677 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
678 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
679 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
680 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
681 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
682 ;
683
684additive_expression:
685 multiplicative_expression
686 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
687 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
688 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
689 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
690 ;
691
692shift_expression:
693 additive_expression
694 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
695 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
696 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
697 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
698 ;
699
700relational_expression:
701 shift_expression
702 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
703 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
704 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
705 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
706 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
707 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
708 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
709 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
710 ;
711
712equality_expression:
713 relational_expression
714 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
715 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
716 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
717 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
718 ;
719
720AND_expression:
721 equality_expression
722 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
723 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
724 ;
725
726exclusive_OR_expression:
727 AND_expression
728 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
729 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
730 ;
731
732inclusive_OR_expression:
733 exclusive_OR_expression
734 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
735 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
736 ;
737
738logical_AND_expression:
739 inclusive_OR_expression
740 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
741 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
742 ;
743
744logical_OR_expression:
745 logical_AND_expression
746 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
747 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
748 ;
749
750conditional_expression:
751 logical_OR_expression
752 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
753 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
754 // FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
755 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
756 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
757 ;
758
759constant_expression:
760 conditional_expression
761 ;
762
763assignment_expression:
764 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
765 conditional_expression
766 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
767 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
768 ;
769
770assignment_expression_opt:
771 // empty
772 { $$ = nullptr; }
773 | assignment_expression
774 ;
775
776assignment_operator:
777 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
778 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
779 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
780 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
781 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
782 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
783 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
784 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
785 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
786 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
787 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
788 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
789 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
790 ;
791
792tuple: // CFA, tuple
793 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
794 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
795// '[' ']'
796// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
797// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
798// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
799 '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
800 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
801 | '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
802 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
803 ;
804
805tuple_expression_list:
806 assignment_expression_opt
807 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
808 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
809 ;
810
811comma_expression:
812 assignment_expression
813 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
814 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
815 ;
816
817comma_expression_opt:
818 // empty
819 { $$ = nullptr; }
820 | comma_expression
821 ;
822
823//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
824
825statement:
826 labeled_statement
827 | compound_statement
828 | expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
829 | selection_statement
830 | iteration_statement
831 | jump_statement
832 | with_statement
833 | mutex_statement
834 | waitfor_statement
835 | exception_statement
836 | asm_statement
837
838labeled_statement:
839 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
840 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
841 {
842 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
843 }
844 ;
845
846compound_statement:
847 '{' '}'
848 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
849 | '{'
850 // Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
851 // requires its own scope.
852 push push
853 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
854 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
855 pop '}'
856 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
857 ;
858
859statement_decl_list: // C99
860 statement_decl
861 | statement_decl_list push statement_decl
862 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
863 ;
864
865statement_decl:
866 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
867 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
868 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
869 {
870 distExt( $2 );
871 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
872 }
873 | function_definition
874 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
875 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
876 {
877 distExt( $2 );
878 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
879 }
880 | statement pop
881 ;
882
883statement_list_nodecl:
884 statement
885 | statement_list_nodecl statement
886 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
887 ;
888
889expression_statement:
890 comma_expression_opt ';'
891 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
892 ;
893
894selection_statement:
895 IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
896 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
897 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, nullptr ) ); }
898 | IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
899 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
900 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
901 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
902 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
903 {
904 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
905 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
906 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
907 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
908 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
909 // statement.
910 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
911 }
912 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
913 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
914 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
915 {
916 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
917 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
918 }
919 ;
920
921if_control_expression:
922 comma_expression pop
923 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
924 | c_declaration pop // no semi-colon
925 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
926 | cfa_declaration pop // no semi-colon
927 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
928 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
929 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
930 ;
931
932// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
933// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
934
935case_value: // CFA
936 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
937 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
938 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
939 | subrange // CFA, subrange
940 ;
941
942case_value_list: // CFA
943 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
944 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
945 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
946 ;
947
948case_label: // CFA
949 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
950 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
951 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
952 ;
953
954case_label_list: // CFA
955 case_label
956 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
957 ;
958
959case_clause: // CFA
960 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
961 ;
962
963switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
964 // empty
965 { $$ = nullptr; }
966 | switch_clause_list
967 ;
968
969switch_clause_list: // CFA
970 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
971 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
972 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
973 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
974 ;
975
976choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
977 // empty
978 { $$ = nullptr; }
979 | choose_clause_list
980 ;
981
982choose_clause_list: // CFA
983 case_label_list fall_through
984 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
985 | case_label_list statement_list_nodecl fall_through_opt
986 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
987 | choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
988 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
989 | choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl fall_through_opt
990 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
991 ;
992
993fall_through_opt: // CFA
994 // empty
995 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
996 | fall_through
997 ;
998
999fall_through_name: // CFA
1000 FALLTHRU
1001 | FALLTHROUGH
1002 ;
1003
1004fall_through: // CFA
1005 fall_through_name
1006 { $$ = nullptr; }
1007 | fall_through_name ';'
1008 { $$ = nullptr; }
1009 ;
1010
1011iteration_statement:
1012 WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
1013 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
1014 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1015 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
1016 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
1017 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1018 ;
1019
1020for_control_expression:
1021 comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1022 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
1023 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1024 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1025 ;
1026
1027jump_statement:
1028 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1029 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1030 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1031 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1032 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1033 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1034 | CONTINUE ';'
1035 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1036 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1037 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1038 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1039 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1040 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1041 | BREAK ';'
1042 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1043 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1044 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1045 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1046 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1047 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1048 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1049 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1050 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1051 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1052 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1053 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1054 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1055 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1056 ;
1057
1058with_statement:
1059 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1060 { throw SemanticError("With clause is currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1061 ;
1062
1063// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1064mutex_statement:
1065 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1066 { throw SemanticError("Mutex statement is currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1067 ;
1068
1069when_clause:
1070 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')'
1071 { $$ = $3; }
1072 ;
1073
1074when_clause_opt:
1075 // empty
1076 { $$ = nullptr; }
1077 | when_clause
1078 ;
1079
1080waitfor:
1081 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1082 {
1083 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1084 delete $3;
1085 }
1086 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1087 {
1088 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1089 $$->set_last( $5 );
1090 delete $3;
1091 }
1092 ;
1093
1094timeout:
1095 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')'
1096 { $$ = $3; }
1097 ;
1098
1099waitfor_clause:
1100 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1101 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1102 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1103 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1104 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1105 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1106 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1107 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1108 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1109 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1110 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1111 ;
1112
1113waitfor_statement:
1114 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1115 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1116 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1117 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1118 ;
1119
1120exception_statement:
1121 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1122 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1123 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1124 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1125 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1126 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1127 ;
1128
1129handler_clause:
1130 handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1131 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $5, $7, $9 ) ); }
1132 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1133 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $6, $8, $10 ) ) ); }
1134 ;
1135
1136handler_predicate_opt:
1137 //empty
1138 { $$ = nullptr; }
1139 | ';' conditional_expression
1140 { $$ = $2; }
1141 ;
1142
1143handler_key:
1144 CATCH
1145 { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1146 | CATCHRESUME
1147 { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1148 ;
1149
1150finally_clause:
1151 FINALLY compound_statement
1152 {
1153 $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
1154 }
1155 ;
1156
1157exception_declaration:
1158 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1159 type_specifier_nobody
1160 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1161 {
1162 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1163 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
1164 }
1165 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1166 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1167 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1168 {
1169 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1170 $$ = $1->addName( $2 );
1171 }
1172 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1173 ;
1174
1175asm_statement:
1176 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1177 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1178 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1179 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1180 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1181 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1182 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1183 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1184 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1185 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1186 ;
1187
1188asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1189 // empty
1190 { $$ = false; }
1191 | VOLATILE
1192 { $$ = true; }
1193 ;
1194
1195asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1196 // empty
1197 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1198 | asm_operands_list
1199 ;
1200
1201asm_operands_list: // GCC
1202 asm_operand
1203 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1204 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1205 ;
1206
1207asm_operand: // GCC
1208 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1209 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1210 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1211 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1212 ;
1213
1214asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1215 // empty
1216 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1217 | string_literal
1218 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1219 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1220 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1221 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1222 ;
1223
1224label_list:
1225 no_attr_identifier
1226 {
1227 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1228 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1229 }
1230 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1231 {
1232 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1233 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1234 }
1235 ;
1236
1237//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1238
1239declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1240 pop
1241 { $$ = nullptr; }
1242 | declaration_list
1243 ;
1244
1245declaration_list:
1246 declaration
1247 | declaration_list push declaration
1248 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1249 ;
1250
1251KR_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1252 // empty
1253 { $$ = nullptr; }
1254 | KR_declaration_list
1255 ;
1256
1257KR_declaration_list:
1258 push c_declaration pop ';'
1259 { $$ = $2; }
1260 | KR_declaration_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1261 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1262 ;
1263
1264local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1265 // empty
1266 | local_label_declaration_list
1267 ;
1268
1269local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1270 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1271 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1272 ;
1273
1274local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1275 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1276 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1277 ;
1278
1279declaration: // old & new style declarations
1280 c_declaration pop ';'
1281 | cfa_declaration pop ';' // CFA
1282 | STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1283 { throw SemanticError("Static assert is currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1284 ;
1285
1286// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1287// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1288// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1289// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1290// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1291// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1292//
1293// CFA C
1294// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1295// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1296
1297cfa_declaration: // CFA
1298 cfa_variable_declaration
1299 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1300 | cfa_function_declaration
1301 | type_declaring_list
1302 | trait_specifier
1303 ;
1304
1305cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1306 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1307 {
1308 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1309 $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
1310 }
1311 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1312 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1313 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1314 {
1315 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1316 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
1317 }
1318 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1319 {
1320 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
1321 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1322 }
1323 ;
1324
1325cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1326 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1327 // storage-class
1328 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1329 {
1330 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1331 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1332 }
1333 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1334 {
1335 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1336 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1337 }
1338 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1339 {
1340 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
1341 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
1342 }
1343 ;
1344
1345cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1346 cfa_function_specifier
1347 {
1348 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1349 $$ = $1;
1350 }
1351 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1352 {
1353 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1354 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1355 }
1356 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1357 {
1358 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1359 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1360 }
1361 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1362 {
1363 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1364 $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1365 }
1366 | cfa_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1367 {
1368 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1369 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1370 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1371 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, ret, $8, nullptr, true ) );
1372 }
1373 ;
1374
1375cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1376// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1377// {
1378// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1379// }
1380// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1381// {
1382// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1383// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1384// }
1385// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1386// {
1387// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1388// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1389// }
1390// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1391 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1392 //
1393 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
1394 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1395 //
1396 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1397 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1398 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1399 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1400 {
1401 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
1402 }
1403 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1404 {
1405 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
1406 }
1407 ;
1408
1409cfa_function_return: // CFA
1410 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1411 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1412 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1413 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
1414 // ']'.
1415 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1416 ;
1417
1418cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1419 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1420 {
1421 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1422 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1423 }
1424 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1425 {
1426 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1427 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1428 }
1429 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1430 {
1431 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1432 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1433 }
1434 ;
1435
1436// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1437// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1438
1439typedef_declaration:
1440 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1441 {
1442 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1443 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1444 }
1445 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1446 {
1447 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1448 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1449 }
1450 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1451 {
1452 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1453 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1454 }
1455 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1456 {
1457 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1458 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1459 }
1460 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1461 {
1462 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1463 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1464 }
1465 ;
1466
1467typedef_expression:
1468 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1469 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1470 {
1471 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
1472 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1473 }
1474 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1475 {
1476 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1477 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1478 }
1479 ;
1480
1481//c_declaration:
1482// declaring_list pop ';'
1483// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1484// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1485// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1486// ;
1487//
1488//declaring_list:
1489// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1490// // storage-class
1491// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1492// {
1493// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1494// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1495// }
1496// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1497// {
1498// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1499// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1500// }
1501// ;
1502
1503c_declaration:
1504 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1505 {
1506 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 );
1507 }
1508 | typedef_declaration
1509 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1510 | sue_declaration_specifier
1511 ;
1512
1513declaring_list:
1514 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1515 // storage-class
1516 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1517 {
1518 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1519 $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 );
1520 }
1521 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1522 {
1523 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1524 $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1525 }
1526 ;
1527
1528declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1529 basic_declaration_specifier
1530 | sue_declaration_specifier
1531 | type_declaration_specifier
1532 ;
1533
1534declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1535 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1536 //
1537 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1538 //
1539 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1540 basic_declaration_specifier
1541 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1542 | type_declaration_specifier
1543 ;
1544
1545type_specifier: // type specifier
1546 basic_type_specifier
1547 | sue_type_specifier
1548 | type_type_specifier
1549 ;
1550
1551type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1552 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1553 //
1554 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1555 //
1556 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1557 basic_type_specifier
1558 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1559 | type_type_specifier
1560 ;
1561
1562type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1563 // empty
1564 { $$ = nullptr; }
1565 | type_qualifier_list
1566 ;
1567
1568type_qualifier_list:
1569 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1570 //
1571 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1572 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1573 // appeared only once.
1574 type_qualifier
1575 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1576 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1577 ;
1578
1579type_qualifier:
1580 type_qualifier_name
1581 | attribute
1582 ;
1583
1584type_qualifier_name:
1585 CONST
1586 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1587 | RESTRICT
1588 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1589 | VOLATILE
1590 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1591 | ATOMIC
1592 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1593 | forall
1594 ;
1595
1596forall:
1597 FORALL '('
1598 {
1599 typedefTable.enterScope();
1600 }
1601 type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1602 {
1603 typedefTable.leaveScope();
1604 $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
1605 }
1606 ;
1607
1608declaration_qualifier_list:
1609 storage_class_list
1610 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1611 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1612 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1613 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1614 ;
1615
1616storage_class_list:
1617 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1618 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1619 //
1620 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1621 // specifiers in a declaration.
1622 storage_class
1623 | storage_class_list storage_class
1624 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1625 ;
1626
1627storage_class:
1628 EXTERN
1629 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1630 | STATIC
1631 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1632 | AUTO
1633 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1634 | REGISTER
1635 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1636 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1637 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1638 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1639 | INLINE // C99
1640 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1641 | FORTRAN // C99
1642 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1643 | NORETURN // C11
1644 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1645 ;
1646
1647basic_type_name:
1648 VOID
1649 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1650 | BOOL // C99
1651 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1652 | CHAR
1653 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1654 | INT
1655 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1656 | INT128
1657 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1658 | FLOAT
1659 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1660 | FLOAT80
1661 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1662 | FLOAT128
1663 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1664 | DOUBLE
1665 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1666 | COMPLEX // C99
1667 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1668 | IMAGINARY // C99
1669 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1670 | SIGNED
1671 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1672 | UNSIGNED
1673 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1674 | SHORT
1675 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1676 | LONG
1677 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1678 | ZERO_T
1679 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1680 | ONE_T
1681 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1682 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1683 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1684 ;
1685
1686basic_declaration_specifier:
1687 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1688 basic_type_specifier
1689 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1690 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1691 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1692 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1693 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1694 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1695 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1696 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1697 ;
1698
1699basic_type_specifier:
1700 direct_type
1701 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1702 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1703 ;
1704
1705direct_type:
1706 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
1707 basic_type_name
1708 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1709 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1710 | direct_type type_qualifier
1711 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1712 | direct_type basic_type_name
1713 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1714 ;
1715
1716indirect_type:
1717 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1718 { $$ = $3; }
1719 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1720 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1721 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1722 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1723 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1724 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1725 ;
1726
1727sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1728 sue_type_specifier
1729 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1730 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1731 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1732 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1733 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1734 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1735 ;
1736
1737sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1738 elaborated_type
1739 | type_qualifier_list
1740 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1741 elaborated_type
1742 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1743 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1744 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1745 ;
1746
1747sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1748 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1749 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1750 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1751 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1752 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1753 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1754 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1755 ;
1756
1757sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1758 elaborated_type_nobody
1759 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1760 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1761 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1762 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1763 ;
1764
1765type_declaration_specifier:
1766 type_type_specifier
1767 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1768 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1769 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1770 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1771 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1772 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1773 ;
1774
1775type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1776 type_name
1777 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1778 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1779 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1780 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1781 ;
1782
1783type_name:
1784 TYPEDEFname
1785 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1786 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1787 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ); } // FIX ME
1788 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1789 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ); } // FIX ME
1790 | typegen_name
1791 | '.' typegen_name
1792 { $$ = $2; } // FIX ME
1793 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1794 { $$ = $3; } // FIX ME
1795 ;
1796
1797typegen_name: // CFA
1798 TYPEGENname
1799 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1800 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1801 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1802 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1803 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1804 ;
1805
1806elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1807 aggregate_type
1808 | enum_type
1809 ;
1810
1811elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1812 aggregate_type_nobody
1813 | enum_type_nobody
1814 ;
1815
1816aggregate_type: // struct, union
1817 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1818 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1819 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1820 {
1821 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); // create typedef
1822 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TypedefTable::TG ); // possibly update
1823 forall = false; // reset
1824 }
1825 '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1826 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1827 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
1828 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1829 | aggregate_type_nobody
1830 ;
1831
1832aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1833 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1834 {
1835 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1836 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1837 }
1838 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname
1839 {
1840 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1841 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1842 }
1843 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt typegen_name // CFA
1844 {
1845 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1846 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1847 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1848 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1849 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1850 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1851 delete $3;
1852 }
1853 ;
1854
1855aggregate_key:
1856 STRUCT
1857 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1858 | UNION
1859 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1860 | COROUTINE
1861 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1862 | MONITOR
1863 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1864 | THREAD
1865 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1866 ;
1867
1868field_declaration_list:
1869 // empty
1870 { $$ = nullptr; }
1871 | field_declaration_list field_declaration
1872 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1873 ;
1874
1875field_declaration:
1876 cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1877 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1878 {
1879 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
1880 $$ = $2;
1881 }
1882 | type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1883 {
1884 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1885 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1886 {
1887 distExt( $3 ); // mark all fields in list
1888 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 );
1889 }
1890 ;
1891
1892cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1893 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1894 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1895 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1896 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1897 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1898 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1899 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1900 ;
1901
1902field_declaring_list:
1903 field_declarator
1904 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
1905 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1906 ;
1907
1908field_declarator:
1909 // empty
1910 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1911 // '@'
1912 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1913 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1914 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1915 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1916 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1917 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1918 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1919 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1920 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1921 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1922 ;
1923
1924bit_subrange_size_opt:
1925 // empty
1926 { $$ = nullptr; }
1927 | bit_subrange_size
1928 { $$ = $1; }
1929 ;
1930
1931bit_subrange_size:
1932 ':' constant_expression
1933 { $$ = $2; }
1934 ;
1935
1936enum_type: // enum
1937 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1938 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1939 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1940 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1941 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1942 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1943 | enum_type_nobody
1944 ;
1945
1946enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1947 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1948 {
1949 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1950 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1951 }
1952 ;
1953
1954enumerator_list:
1955 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1956 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
1957 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1958 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
1959 ;
1960
1961enumerator_value_opt:
1962 // empty
1963 { $$ = nullptr; }
1964 | '=' constant_expression
1965 { $$ = $2; }
1966 ;
1967
1968// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
1969
1970cfa_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
1971 // empty
1972 { $$ = nullptr; }
1973 | cfa_parameter_type_list
1974 ;
1975
1976cfa_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
1977 cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1978 | cfa_parameter_list
1979 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
1980 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1981 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1982 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1983 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
1984 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
1985 ;
1986
1987cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
1988 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
1989 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
1990 cfa_parameter_declaration
1991 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1992 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1993 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1994 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
1995 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
1996 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
1997 ;
1998
1999cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2000 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2001 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2002 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2003 ;
2004
2005parameter_type_list_opt:
2006 // empty
2007 { $$ = nullptr; }
2008 | parameter_type_list
2009 ;
2010
2011parameter_type_list:
2012 parameter_list
2013 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2014 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2015 ;
2016
2017parameter_list: // abstract + real
2018 abstract_parameter_declaration
2019 | parameter_declaration
2020 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2021 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2022 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2023 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2024 ;
2025
2026// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2027// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2028
2029cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2030 parameter_declaration
2031 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2032 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2033 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2034 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2035 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2036 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2037 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2038 | cfa_function_specifier
2039 ;
2040
2041cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2042 abstract_parameter_declaration
2043 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2044 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2045 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2046 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2047 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2048 | cfa_abstract_function
2049 ;
2050
2051parameter_declaration:
2052 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2053 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2054 {
2055 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2056 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2057 }
2058 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2059 {
2060 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2061 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2062 }
2063 ;
2064
2065abstract_parameter_declaration:
2066 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2067 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2068 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2069 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2070 ;
2071
2072// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2073// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2074// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2075
2076identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2077 no_attr_identifier
2078 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2079 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2080 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2081 ;
2082
2083identifier_or_type_name:
2084 identifier
2085 | TYPEDEFname
2086 | TYPEGENname
2087 ;
2088
2089no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2090 no_attr_identifier
2091 | TYPEDEFname
2092 | TYPEGENname
2093 ;
2094
2095type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2096 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2097 | type_specifier
2098 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2099 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2100 ;
2101
2102type: // typeof, assertion
2103 type_no_function
2104 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2105 ;
2106
2107initializer_opt:
2108 // empty
2109 { $$ = nullptr; }
2110 | '=' initializer
2111 { $$ = $2; }
2112 | '=' VOID
2113 { $$ = nullptr; }
2114 | ATassign initializer
2115 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2116 ;
2117
2118initializer:
2119 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2120 | '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2121 ;
2122
2123initializer_list:
2124 // empty
2125 { $$ = nullptr; }
2126 | initializer
2127 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2128 | initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2129 | initializer_list ',' designation initializer
2130 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2131 ;
2132
2133// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2134// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2135//
2136// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2137//
2138// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2139// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2140// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2141// shift/reduce conflicts
2142
2143designation:
2144 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2145 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2146 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2147 ;
2148
2149designator_list: // C99
2150 designator
2151 | designator_list designator
2152 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2153 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2154 ;
2155
2156designator:
2157 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2158 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2159 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2160 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2161 { $$ = $3; }
2162 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2163 { $$ = $3; }
2164 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2165 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2166 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2167 { $$ = $4; }
2168 ;
2169
2170// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2171// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2172//
2173// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2174//
2175// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2176// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2177// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2178//
2179// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2180// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2181//
2182// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2183// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2184// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2185// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2186// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2187
2188type_parameter_list: // CFA
2189 type_parameter
2190 { $$ = $1; }
2191 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2192 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2193 ;
2194
2195type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2196 // empty
2197 { $$ = nullptr; }
2198 | '=' type
2199 { $$ = $2; }
2200 ;
2201
2202type_parameter: // CFA
2203 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2204 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
2205 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2206 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2207 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2208 ;
2209
2210type_class: // CFA
2211 OTYPE
2212 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2213 | DTYPE
2214 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2215 | FTYPE
2216 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2217 | TTYPE
2218 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2219 ;
2220
2221assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2222 // empty
2223 { $$ = nullptr; }
2224 | assertion_list_opt assertion
2225 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2226 ;
2227
2228assertion: // CFA
2229 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2230 {
2231 typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
2232 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
2233 }
2234 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
2235 { $$ = $4; }
2236 | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_list ')'
2237 { $$ = nullptr; }
2238 ;
2239
2240type_list: // CFA
2241 type
2242 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2243 | assignment_expression
2244 | type_list ',' type
2245 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2246 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2247 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2248 ;
2249
2250type_declaring_list: // CFA
2251 OTYPE type_declarator
2252 { $$ = $2; }
2253 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2254 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2255 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2256 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2257 ;
2258
2259type_declarator: // CFA
2260 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2261 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2262 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2263 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2264 ;
2265
2266type_declarator_name: // CFA
2267 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2268 {
2269 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
2270 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2271 }
2272 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
2273 {
2274 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
2275 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
2276 }
2277 ;
2278
2279trait_specifier: // CFA
2280 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
2281 {
2282 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2283 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
2284 }
2285 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
2286 {
2287 typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
2288 typedefTable.enterScope();
2289 }
2290 trait_declaration_list '}'
2291 {
2292 typedefTable.leaveTrait();
2293 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2294 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
2295 }
2296 ;
2297
2298trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2299 trait_declaration
2300 | trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
2301 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2302 ;
2303
2304trait_declaration: // CFA
2305 cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2306 | trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2307 ;
2308
2309cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2310 cfa_variable_specifier
2311 {
2312 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2313 $$ = $1;
2314 }
2315 | cfa_function_specifier
2316 {
2317 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2318 $$ = $1;
2319 }
2320 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2321 {
2322 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
2323 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
2324 }
2325 ;
2326
2327trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2328 type_specifier declarator
2329 {
2330 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2331 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
2332 }
2333 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2334 {
2335 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2336 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
2337 }
2338 ;
2339
2340//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2341
2342translation_unit:
2343 // empty
2344 {} // empty input file
2345 | external_definition_list
2346 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2347 ;
2348
2349external_definition_list:
2350 external_definition
2351 | external_definition_list push external_definition
2352 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2353 ;
2354
2355external_definition_list_opt:
2356 // empty
2357 { $$ = nullptr; }
2358 | external_definition_list
2359 ;
2360
2361external_definition:
2362 declaration
2363 | external_function_definition
2364 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2365 {
2366 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2367 }
2368 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2369 {
2370 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2371 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( linkage, $2 );
2372 }
2373 '{' external_definition_list_opt '}'
2374 {
2375 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2376 linkageStack.pop();
2377 $$ = $5;
2378 }
2379 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2380 {
2381 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2382 $$ = $2;
2383 }
2384 | forall '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2385 ;
2386
2387external_function_definition:
2388 function_definition
2389 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2390 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2391 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2392 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2393 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2394 | function_declarator compound_statement
2395 {
2396 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2397 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2398 $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
2399 }
2400 | KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
2401 {
2402 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2403 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2404 $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 );
2405 }
2406 ;
2407
2408with_clause_opt:
2409 // empty
2410 { $$ = nullptr; }
2411 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2412 { throw SemanticError("With clause is currently unimplemented."); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
2413 ;
2414
2415function_definition:
2416 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2417 {
2418 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2419 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2420 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2421 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2422 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3 );
2423 $$ = $1;
2424 }
2425 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2426 {
2427 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2428 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2429 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2430 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addType( $1 );
2431 }
2432 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2433 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2434 {
2435 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2436 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2437 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2438 }
2439 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2440 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2441 {
2442 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2443 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2444 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2445 }
2446 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2447 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2448 {
2449 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2450 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2451 $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2452 }
2453
2454 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2455 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2456 {
2457 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2458 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2459 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2460 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
2461 }
2462 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2463 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2464 {
2465 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2466 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2467 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2468 }
2469 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2470 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2471 {
2472 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2473 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2474 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2475 }
2476 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2477 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2478 {
2479 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2480 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2481 $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2482 }
2483 ;
2484
2485declarator:
2486 variable_declarator
2487 | variable_type_redeclarator
2488 | function_declarator
2489 ;
2490
2491subrange:
2492 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2493 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2494 ;
2495
2496asm_name_opt: // GCC
2497 // empty
2498 { $$ = nullptr; }
2499 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2500 {
2501 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2502 name->asmName = $3;
2503 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2504 }
2505 ;
2506
2507attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2508 // empty
2509 { $$ = nullptr; }
2510 | attribute_list
2511 ;
2512
2513attribute_list: // GCC
2514 attribute
2515 | attribute_list attribute
2516 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2517 ;
2518
2519attribute: // GCC
2520 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2521 { $$ = $4; }
2522 ;
2523
2524attribute_name_list: // GCC
2525 attribute_name
2526 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2527 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2528 ;
2529
2530attribute_name: // GCC
2531 // empty
2532 { $$ = nullptr; }
2533 | attr_name
2534 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2535 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2536 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2537 ;
2538
2539attr_name: // GCC
2540 IDENTIFIER
2541 | quasi_keyword
2542 | TYPEDEFname
2543 | TYPEGENname
2544 | FALLTHROUGH
2545 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2546 | CONST
2547 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2548 ;
2549
2550// ============================================================================
2551// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2552// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2553// in:
2554//
2555// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2556// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2557//
2558// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2559// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2560// ============================================================================
2561
2562// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2563// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2564// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2565//
2566// valid declaration invalid definition
2567// ----------------- ------------------
2568// int f; int f {}
2569// int *f; int *f {}
2570// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2571// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2572//
2573// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2574// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2575// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2576
2577// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2578// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2579
2580variable_declarator:
2581 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2582 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2583 | variable_ptr
2584 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2585 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2586 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2587 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2588 ;
2589
2590paren_identifier:
2591 identifier
2592 {
2593 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2594 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2595 }
2596 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2597 { $$ = $2; }
2598 ;
2599
2600variable_ptr:
2601 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2602 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2603 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2604 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2605 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2606 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2607 ;
2608
2609variable_array:
2610 paren_identifier array_dimension
2611 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2612 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2613 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2614 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2615 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2616 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2617 { $$ = $2; }
2618 ;
2619
2620variable_function:
2621 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2622 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2623 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2624 { $$ = $2; }
2625 ;
2626
2627// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2628// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2629// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2630
2631function_declarator:
2632 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2633 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2634 | function_ptr
2635 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2636 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2637 ;
2638
2639function_no_ptr:
2640 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2641 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2642 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2643 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2644 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2645 { $$ = $2; }
2646 ;
2647
2648function_ptr:
2649 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2650 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2651 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2652 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2653 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2654 { $$ = $2; }
2655 ;
2656
2657function_array:
2658 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2659 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2660 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2661 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2662 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2663 { $$ = $2; }
2664 ;
2665
2666// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2667//
2668// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2669//
2670// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2671// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2672
2673KR_function_declarator:
2674 KR_function_no_ptr
2675 | KR_function_ptr
2676 | KR_function_array
2677 ;
2678
2679KR_function_no_ptr:
2680 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2681 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2682 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2683 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2684 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2685 { $$ = $2; }
2686 ;
2687
2688KR_function_ptr:
2689 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2690 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2691 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2692 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2693 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2694 { $$ = $2; }
2695 ;
2696
2697KR_function_array:
2698 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2699 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2700 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2701 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2702 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2703 { $$ = $2; }
2704 ;
2705
2706// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2707//
2708// typedef int foo;
2709// {
2710// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2711// }
2712//
2713// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2714// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2715
2716variable_type_redeclarator:
2717 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2718 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2719 | type_ptr
2720 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2721 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2722 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2723 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2724 ;
2725
2726paren_type:
2727 typedef
2728 | '(' paren_type ')'
2729 { $$ = $2; }
2730 ;
2731
2732type_ptr:
2733 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2734 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2735 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2736 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2737 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2738 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2739 ;
2740
2741type_array:
2742 paren_type array_dimension
2743 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2744 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2745 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2746 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2747 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2748 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2749 { $$ = $2; }
2750 ;
2751
2752type_function:
2753 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2754 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2755 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2756 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2757 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2758 { $$ = $2; }
2759 ;
2760
2761// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2762// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2763// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2764// pointers to arrays and functions.
2765
2766identifier_parameter_declarator:
2767 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2768 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2769 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2770 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2771 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2772 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2773 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2774 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2775 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2776 ;
2777
2778identifier_parameter_ptr:
2779 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2780 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2781 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2782 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2783 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2784 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2785 ;
2786
2787identifier_parameter_array:
2788 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2789 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2790 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2791 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2792 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2793 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2794 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2795 { $$ = $2; }
2796 ;
2797
2798identifier_parameter_function:
2799 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2800 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2801 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2802 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2803 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2804 { $$ = $2; }
2805 ;
2806
2807// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2808// e.g.:
2809//
2810// typedef int foo;
2811// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2812// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2813//
2814// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2815
2816type_parameter_redeclarator:
2817 typedef attribute_list_opt
2818 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2819 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2820 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2821 | type_parameter_ptr
2822 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2823 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2824 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2825 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2826 ;
2827
2828typedef:
2829 TYPEDEFname
2830 {
2831 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2832 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2833 }
2834 | TYPEGENname
2835 {
2836 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2837 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2838 }
2839 ;
2840
2841type_parameter_ptr:
2842 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2843 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2844 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2845 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2846 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2847 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2848 ;
2849
2850type_parameter_array:
2851 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2852 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2853 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2854 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2855 ;
2856
2857type_parameter_function:
2858 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2859 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2860 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2861 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2862 ;
2863
2864// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2865// which the type applies, e.g.:
2866//
2867// sizeof( int );
2868// sizeof( int * );
2869// sizeof( int [10] );
2870// sizeof( int (*)() );
2871// sizeof( int () );
2872//
2873// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2874// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2875
2876abstract_declarator:
2877 abstract_ptr
2878 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2879 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2880 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2881 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2882 ;
2883
2884abstract_ptr:
2885 ptrref_operator
2886 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2887 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2888 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2889 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2890 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2891 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2892 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2893 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2894 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2895 ;
2896
2897abstract_array:
2898 array_dimension
2899 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2900 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2901 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2902 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2903 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2904 { $$ = $2; }
2905 ;
2906
2907abstract_function:
2908 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2909 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2910 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2911 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2912 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2913 { $$ = $2; }
2914 ;
2915
2916array_dimension:
2917 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2918 '[' ']'
2919 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2920 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2921 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2922 | multi_array_dimension
2923 ;
2924
2925multi_array_dimension:
2926 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2927 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2928 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2929 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2930 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2931 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2932 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2933 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2934 ;
2935
2936// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2937// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2938//
2939// int f( int ); // not handled here
2940// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2941// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2942// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2943//
2944// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2945// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2946// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2947//
2948// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2949// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2950// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2951//
2952// For example:
2953//
2954// typedef float T;
2955// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2956// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2957// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2958// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2959//
2960// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2961// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2962// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2963// functions.
2964
2965abstract_parameter_declarator:
2966 abstract_parameter_ptr
2967 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2968 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
2969 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2970 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2971 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2972 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2973 ;
2974
2975abstract_parameter_ptr:
2976 ptrref_operator
2977 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
2978 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2979 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2980 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
2981 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
2982 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
2983 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2984 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2985 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2986 ;
2987
2988abstract_parameter_array:
2989 array_parameter_dimension
2990 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2991 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2992 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2993 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2994 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2995 { $$ = $2; }
2996 ;
2997
2998abstract_parameter_function:
2999 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3000 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3001 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3002 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3003 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3004 { $$ = $2; }
3005 ;
3006
3007array_parameter_dimension:
3008 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3009 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3010 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3011 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3012 | multi_array_dimension
3013 ;
3014
3015// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3016//
3017// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3018// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3019
3020array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3021 '[' ']'
3022 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3023 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3024 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3025 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3026 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3027 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3028 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3029 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3030 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3031 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3032 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3033 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3034 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3035 ;
3036
3037// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3038//
3039// struct S {
3040// int;
3041// int *;
3042// int [10];
3043// int (*)();
3044// };
3045
3046variable_abstract_declarator:
3047 variable_abstract_ptr
3048 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3049 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3050 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3051 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3052 ;
3053
3054variable_abstract_ptr:
3055 ptrref_operator
3056 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3057 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3058 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3059 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3060 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3061 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3062 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3063 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3064 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3065 ;
3066
3067variable_abstract_array:
3068 array_dimension
3069 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3070 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3071 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3072 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3073 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3074 { $$ = $2; }
3075 ;
3076
3077variable_abstract_function:
3078 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3079 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3080 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3081 { $$ = $2; }
3082 ;
3083
3084// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3085// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3086
3087cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3088 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3089 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3090 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3091 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3092 ;
3093
3094cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3095 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3096 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3097 ;
3098
3099cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3100 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3101 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3102 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3103 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3104 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3105 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3106 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3107 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3108 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3109 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3110 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3111 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3112 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3113 ;
3114
3115cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3116 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3117 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3118 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3119 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3120 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3121 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3122 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3123 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3124 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3125 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3126 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3127 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3128
3129 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3130 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3131 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3132 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3133 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3134 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3135 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3136 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3137 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3138 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3139 ;
3140
3141cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3142 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3143 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3144 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3145 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3146 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3147 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3148 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3149 // appear in this context.
3150 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3151 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3152 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3153 ;
3154
3155// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3156// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3157//
3158// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3159// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3160//
3161// These rules need LR(3):
3162//
3163// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3164// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3165//
3166// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3167//
3168// [int, int] t;
3169// [int, int] f( int );
3170//
3171// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3172// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3173// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3174// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3175
3176cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3177 cfa_abstract_tuple
3178 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3179 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3180 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3181 ;
3182
3183cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3184 cfa_abstract_ptr
3185 | cfa_abstract_array
3186 ;
3187
3188cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3189 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3190 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3191 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3192 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3193 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3194 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3195 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3196 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3197 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3198 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3199 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3200 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3201 ;
3202
3203cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3204 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3205 // empty (void) function return type.
3206 '[' ']' type_specifier
3207 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3208 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3209 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3210 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3211 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3212 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3213 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3214 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3215 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3216 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3217 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3218 ;
3219
3220cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3221 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3222 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3223 ;
3224
3225cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3226// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3227// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3228 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3229 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3230 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3231 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3232 ;
3233
3234// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3235// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3236//
3237// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3238// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3239//
3240// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3241// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3242//
3243// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3244// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3245
3246//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3247
3248comma_opt: // redundant comma
3249 // empty
3250 | ','
3251 ;
3252
3253default_initialize_opt:
3254 // empty
3255 { $$ = nullptr; }
3256 | '=' assignment_expression
3257 { $$ = $2; }
3258 ;
3259
3260%%
3261// ----end of grammar----
3262
3263// Local Variables: //
3264// mode: c++ //
3265// tab-width: 4 //
3266// compile-command: "make install" //
3267// End: //
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