source: src/Parser/parser.yy@ 0a2168f

ADT aaron-thesis arm-eh ast-experimental cleanup-dtors deferred_resn demangler enum forall-pointer-decay jacob/cs343-translation jenkins-sandbox new-ast new-ast-unique-expr new-env no_list persistent-indexer pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum resolv-new with_gc
Last change on this file since 0a2168f was a16764a6, checked in by Thierry Delisle <tdelisle@…>, 8 years ago

Changed warning system to prepare for toggling warnings

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 121.2 KB
Line 
1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// parser.yy --
8//
9// Author : Peter A. Buhr
10// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Thu Feb 22 17:48:54 2018
13// Update Count : 3028
14//
15
16// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
17// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
18// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
19// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
20// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
21// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
22
23// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
24// the grammar.
25
26// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
27//
28// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
29//
30// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
31// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
32//
33// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
34// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
35//
36// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
37// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
38// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
39// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
40// grammar rule.
41
42%{
43#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
44#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
45#define YYERROR_VERBOSE // more information in syntax errors
46
47#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
48
49#include <cstdio>
50#include <stack>
51using namespace std;
52
53#include "ParseNode.h"
54#include "TypedefTable.h"
55#include "TypeData.h"
56#include "LinkageSpec.h"
57#include "Common/SemanticError.h" // error_str
58#include "Common/utility.h" // for maybeMoveBuild, maybeBuild, CodeLo...
59
60extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
61extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
62extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
63
64stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
65
66bool appendStr( string & to, string & from ) {
67 // 1. Multiple strings are concatenated into a single string but not combined internally. The reason is that
68 // "\x12" "3" is treated as 2 characters versus 1 because "escape sequences are converted into single members of
69 // the execution character set just prior to adjacent string literal concatenation" (C11, Section 6.4.5-8). It is
70 // easier to let the C compiler handle this case.
71 //
72 // 2. String encodings are transformed into canonical form (one encoding at start) so the encoding can be found
73 // without searching the string, e.g.: "abc" L"def" L"ghi" => L"abc" "def" "ghi". Multiple encodings must match,
74 // i.e., u"a" U"b" L"c" is disallowed.
75
76 if ( from[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
77 if ( to[0] != '"' ) { // encoding ?
78 if ( to[0] != from[0] || to[1] != from[1] ) { // different encodings ?
79 yyerror( "non-matching string encodings for string-literal concatenation" );
80 return false; // parse error, must call YYERROR in action
81 } else if ( from[1] == '8' ) {
82 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
83 } // if
84 } else {
85 if ( from[1] == '8' ) { // move encoding to start
86 to = "u8" + to;
87 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
88 } else {
89 to = from[0] + to;
90 } // if
91 } // if
92 from.erase( 0, 1 ); // remove 2nd encoding
93 } // if
94 to += " " + from; // concatenated into single string
95 return true;
96} // appendStr
97
98DeclarationNode * distAttr( DeclarationNode * specifier, DeclarationNode * declList ) {
99 // distribute declaration_specifier across all declared variables, e.g., static, const, __attribute__.
100 DeclarationNode * cur = declList, * cl = (new DeclarationNode)->addType( specifier );
101 //cur->addType( specifier );
102 for ( cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ); cur != nullptr; cur = dynamic_cast< DeclarationNode * >( cur->get_next() ) ) {
103 cl->cloneBaseType( cur );
104 } // for
105 declList->addType( cl );
106// delete cl;
107 return declList;
108} // distAttr
109
110void distExt( DeclarationNode * declaration ) {
111 // distribute EXTENSION across all declarations
112 for ( DeclarationNode *iter = declaration; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode *)iter->get_next() ) {
113 iter->set_extension( true );
114 } // for
115} // distExt
116
117// There is an ambiguity for inline generic-routine return-types and generic routines.
118// forall( otype T ) struct S { int i; } bar( T ) {}
119// Does the forall bind to the struct or the routine, and how would it be possible to explicitly specify the binding.
120// forall( otype T ) struct S { int T; } forall( otype W ) bar( W ) {}
121
122void rebindForall( DeclarationNode * declSpec, DeclarationNode * funcDecl ) {
123 if ( declSpec->type->kind == TypeData::Aggregate ) { // return is aggregate definition
124 funcDecl->type->forall = declSpec->type->aggregate.params; // move forall from aggregate to function type
125 declSpec->type->aggregate.params = nullptr;
126 } // if
127} // rebindForall
128
129bool forall = false; // aggregate have one or more forall qualifiers ?
130
131// https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Location-Type
132#define YYLLOC_DEFAULT(Cur, Rhs, N) \
133if ( N ) { \
134 (Cur).first_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_line; \
135 (Cur).first_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).first_column; \
136 (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_line; \
137 (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, N ).last_column; \
138 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 1 ).filename; \
139} else { \
140 (Cur).first_line = (Cur).last_line = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_line; \
141 (Cur).first_column = (Cur).last_column = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).last_column; \
142 (Cur).filename = YYRHSLOC( Rhs, 0 ).filename; \
143}
144%}
145
146%define parse.error verbose
147
148// Types declaration for productions
149%union
150{
151 Token tok;
152 ParseNode * pn;
153 ExpressionNode * en;
154 DeclarationNode * decl;
155 DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
156 DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
157 StatementNode * sn;
158 WaitForStmt * wfs;
159 Expression * constant;
160 IfCtl * ifctl;
161 ForCtl * fctl;
162 LabelNode * label;
163 InitializerNode * in;
164 OperKinds op;
165 std::string * str;
166 bool flag;
167 CatchStmt::Kind catch_kind;
168}
169
170//************************* TERMINAL TOKENS ********************************
171
172// keywords
173%token TYPEDEF
174%token EXTERN STATIC AUTO REGISTER
175%token THREADLOCAL // C11
176%token INLINE FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
177%token NORETURN // C11
178%token CONST VOLATILE
179%token RESTRICT // C99
180%token ATOMIC // C11
181%token FORALL MUTEX VIRTUAL // CFA
182%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
183%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
184%token INT128 FLOAT80 FLOAT128 // GCC
185%token ZERO_T ONE_T // CFA
186%token VALIST // GCC
187%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
188%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
189%token EXCEPTION // CFA
190%token COROUTINE MONITOR THREAD // CFA
191%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
192%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
193%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
194%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
195%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU FALLTHROUGH TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT WITH WHEN WAITFOR // CFA
196%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
197%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF GENERIC STATICASSERT // C11
198
199// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
200%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
201%token<tok> TIMEOUT WOR
202%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
203%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
204// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
205// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
206// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
207%token<tok> FLOATING_DECIMALconstant FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
208
209// multi-character operators
210%token ARROW // ->
211%token ICR DECR // ++ --
212%token LS RS // << >>
213%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
214%token ANDAND OROR // && ||
215%token ELLIPSIS // ...
216
217%token EXPassign MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // \= *= /= %=
218%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
219%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
220%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= |=
221
222%token ATassign // @=
223
224%type<tok> identifier no_attr_identifier
225%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
226%type<tok> quasi_keyword
227%type<constant> string_literal
228%type<str> string_literal_list
229
230// expressions
231%type<en> constant
232%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
233%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
234%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
235%type<en> cast_expression exponential_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression
236%type<en> shift_expression relational_expression equality_expression
237%type<en> AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression inclusive_OR_expression
238%type<en> logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression
239%type<en> conditional_expression constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
240%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
241%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression default_initialize_opt
242%type<ifctl> if_control_expression
243%type<fctl> for_control_expression
244%type<en> subrange
245%type<decl> asm_name_opt
246%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
247%type<label> label_list
248%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
249%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
250%type<en> handler_predicate_opt
251
252// statements
253%type<sn> statement labeled_statement compound_statement
254%type<sn> statement_decl statement_decl_list statement_list_nodecl
255%type<sn> selection_statement
256%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
257%type<en> case_value
258%type<sn> case_clause case_value_list case_label case_label_list
259%type<sn> fall_through fall_through_opt
260%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement
261%type<sn> expression_statement asm_statement
262%type<sn> with_statement
263%type<en> with_clause_opt
264%type<sn> exception_statement handler_clause finally_clause
265%type<catch_kind> handler_key
266%type<sn> mutex_statement
267%type<en> when_clause when_clause_opt waitfor timeout
268%type<sn> waitfor_statement
269%type<wfs> waitfor_clause
270
271// declarations
272%type<decl> abstract_declarator abstract_ptr abstract_array abstract_function array_dimension multi_array_dimension
273%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_parameter_array abstract_parameter_function array_parameter_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension
274%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration
275
276%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
277%type<decl> aggregate_type aggregate_type_nobody
278
279%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
280
281%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
282
283%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type indirect_type
284
285%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
286
287%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
288%type<decl> declaration_specifier declaration_specifier_nobody declarator declaring_list
289
290%type<decl> elaborated_type elaborated_type_nobody
291
292%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_type enum_type_nobody
293%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
294
295%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
296
297%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
298%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
299
300%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
301
302%type<decl> identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_function
303%type<decl> identifier_list
304
305%type<decl> cfa_abstract_array cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
306%type<decl> cfa_abstract_function cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration cfa_abstract_parameter_list
307%type<decl> cfa_abstract_ptr cfa_abstract_tuple
308
309%type<decl> cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension
310
311%type<decl> cfa_trait_declaring_list cfa_declaration cfa_field_declaring_list
312%type<decl> cfa_function_declaration cfa_function_return cfa_function_specifier
313
314%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_array cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
315%type<decl> cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
316
317%type<decl> cfa_parameter_declaration cfa_parameter_list cfa_parameter_type_list_opt
318
319%type<decl> cfa_typedef_declaration cfa_variable_declaration cfa_variable_specifier
320
321%type<decl> c_declaration static_assert
322%type<decl> KR_function_declarator KR_function_no_ptr KR_function_ptr KR_function_array
323%type<decl> KR_declaration_list KR_declaration_list_opt
324
325%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list_opt
326
327%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
328
329%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
330
331%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_declaration_specifier_nobody sue_type_specifier sue_type_specifier_nobody
332
333%type<tclass> type_class
334%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
335
336%type<decl> type_declaration_specifier type_type_specifier type_name typegen_name
337%type<decl> typedef typedef_declaration typedef_expression
338
339%type<decl> variable_type_redeclarator type_ptr type_array type_function
340
341%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_parameter_ptr type_parameter_array type_parameter_function
342
343%type<decl> type type_no_function
344%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list type_initializer_opt
345
346%type<en> type_list
347
348%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name forall type_qualifier_list_opt type_qualifier_list
349%type<decl> type_specifier type_specifier_nobody
350
351%type<decl> variable_declarator variable_ptr variable_array variable_function
352%type<decl> variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_ptr variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_function
353
354%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
355
356// initializers
357%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
358
359// designators
360%type<en> designator designator_list designation
361
362
363// Handle shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
364// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (reduce)
365// if ( C ) S1 else S2
366// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement . (shift) ELSE statement */
367// Similar issues exit with the waitfor statement.
368
369// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence). THEN is left associative over WOR/TIMEOUT/ELSE, WOR is left
370// associative over TIMEOUT/ELSE, and TIMEOUT is left associative over ELSE.
371%precedence THEN // rule precedence for IF/WAITFOR statement
372%precedence WOR // token precedence for start of WOR in WAITFOR statement
373%precedence TIMEOUT // token precedence for start of TIMEOUT in WAITFOR statement
374%precedence ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF/WAITFOR statement
375
376// Handle shift/reduce conflict for generic type by shifting the '(' token. For example, this string is ambiguous:
377// forall( otype T ) struct Foo { T v; };
378// .-----. matches pointer to function returning a generic (which is impossible without a type)
379// Foo ( *fp )( int );
380// `---' matches start of TYPEGENname '('
381// Must be:
382// Foo( int ) ( *fp )( int );
383
384// Order of these lines matters (low-to-high precedence).
385%precedence TYPEGENname
386%precedence '('
387
388%locations // support location tracking for error messages
389
390%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
391
392%%
393//************************* Namespace Management ********************************
394
395// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
396// "identifier", "TYPEDEFname", and "TYPEGENname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely
397// context-free grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs.
398// Hence, this grammar uses the ANSI style.
399//
400// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
401// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
402// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
403//
404// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
405// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
406// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
407//
408// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
409// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
410// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
411// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
412// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
413//
414// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
415// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
416// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
417// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
418// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
419// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
420// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
421
422push:
423 { typedefTable.enterScope(); }
424 ;
425
426pop:
427 { typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
428 ;
429
430//************************* CONSTANTS ********************************
431
432constant:
433 // ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
434 INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
435 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
436 | FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
437 | FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
438 | CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
439 ;
440
441quasi_keyword: // CFA
442 TIMEOUT
443 | WOR
444 ;
445
446identifier:
447 IDENTIFIER
448 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
449 | quasi_keyword
450 ;
451
452no_attr_identifier:
453 IDENTIFIER
454 | quasi_keyword
455 ;
456
457string_literal:
458 string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
459 ;
460
461string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
462 STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
463 | string_literal_list STRINGliteral
464 {
465 if ( ! appendStr( *$1, *$2 ) ) YYERROR; // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
466 delete $2; // allocated by lexer
467 $$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
468 }
469 ;
470
471//************************* EXPRESSIONS ********************************
472
473primary_expression:
474 IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
475 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
476 | quasi_keyword
477 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
478 | tuple
479 | '(' comma_expression ')'
480 { $$ = $2; }
481 | '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
482 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new StmtExpr( dynamic_cast< CompoundStmt * >(maybeMoveBuild< Statement >($2) ) ) ); }
483 | type_name '.' no_attr_identifier // CFA, nested type
484 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified names are currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
485 | type_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, nested type / tuple field selector
486 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Qualified names are currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
487 | GENERIC '(' assignment_expression ',' generic_assoc_list ')' // C11
488 { SemanticError( yylloc, "_Generic is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
489 ;
490
491generic_assoc_list: // C11
492 | generic_association
493 | generic_assoc_list ',' generic_association
494 ;
495
496generic_association: // C11
497 type_no_function ':' assignment_expression
498 | DEFAULT ':' assignment_expression
499 ;
500
501postfix_expression:
502 primary_expression
503 | postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
504 // CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
505 // matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
506 // little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
507 // equivalent to the old x[i,j].
508 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
509 | postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA, constructor call
510 {
511 Token fn;
512 fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
513 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
514 }
515 | postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
516 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
517 | postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
518 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
519 | postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
520 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
521 | postfix_expression FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
522 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
523 | postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
524 {
525 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, *$3 == "0" || *$3 == "1" ? build_constantInteger( *$3 ) : build_varref( $3 ) ) );
526 }
527 | postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
528 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
529 | postfix_expression ARROW INTEGERconstant // CFA, tuple index
530 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_constantInteger( *$3 ) ) ); }
531 | postfix_expression ICR
532 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
533 | postfix_expression DECR
534 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
535 | '(' type_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99, compound-literal
536 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
537 | '^' primary_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
538 {
539 Token fn;
540 fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
541 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) );
542 }
543 ;
544
545argument_expression_list:
546 argument_expression
547 | argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
548 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
549 ;
550
551argument_expression:
552 // empty
553 { $$ = nullptr; }
554 // | '@' // use default argument
555 // { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *new string( "2" ) ) ); }
556 | assignment_expression
557 ;
558
559field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
560 field
561 | field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
562 ;
563
564field: // CFA, tuple field selector
565 field_name
566 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant field
567 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
568 | FLOATING_DECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
569 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_FLOATING_DECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
570 | field_name '.' field
571 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
572 | field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
573 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
574 | field_name ARROW field
575 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
576 | field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
577 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
578 ;
579
580field_name:
581 INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
582 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
583 | FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
584 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
585 | no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
586 {
587 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
588 }
589 ;
590
591fraction_constants:
592 // empty
593 { $$ = nullptr; }
594 | fraction_constants FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant
595 {
596 Expression * constant = build_field_name_FLOATING_FRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
597 $$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
598 }
599 ;
600
601unary_expression:
602 postfix_expression
603 // first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
604 // semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
605 | constant
606 { $$ = $1; }
607 | string_literal
608 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
609 | EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
610 { $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
611 // '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
612 // { * X; } // dereference X
613 // { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
614 | ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
615 {
616 switch ( $1 ) {
617 case OperKinds::AddressOf:
618 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) );
619 break;
620 case OperKinds::PointTo:
621 $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
622 break;
623 case OperKinds::And:
624 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AddressExpr( new AddressExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ) );
625 break;
626 default:
627 assert( false );
628 }
629 }
630 | unary_operator cast_expression
631 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
632 | ICR unary_expression
633 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
634 | DECR unary_expression
635 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
636 | SIZEOF unary_expression
637 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
638 | SIZEOF '(' type_no_function ')'
639 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new SizeofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
640 | ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
641 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ) ) ); }
642 | ALIGNOF '(' type_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
643 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AlignofExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
644 | OFFSETOF '(' type_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
645 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
646 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER
647 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ) ) ); }
648 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
649 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
650 | ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type ')'
651 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AttrExpr( build_varref( $1 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
652 ;
653
654ptrref_operator:
655 '*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
656 | '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
657 // GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
658 | ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
659 ;
660
661unary_operator:
662 '+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
663 | '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
664 | '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
665 | '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
666 ;
667
668cast_expression:
669 unary_expression
670 | '(' type_no_function ')' cast_expression
671 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
672 // VIRTUAL cannot be opt because of look ahead issues
673 | '(' VIRTUAL ')' cast_expression
674 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $4 ), maybeMoveBuildType( nullptr ) ) ); }
675 | '(' VIRTUAL type_no_function ')' cast_expression
676 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new VirtualCastExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ), maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ); }
677// | '(' type_no_function ')' tuple
678// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
679 ;
680
681exponential_expression:
682 cast_expression
683 | exponential_expression '\\' cast_expression
684 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Exp, $1, $3 ) ); }
685 ;
686
687multiplicative_expression:
688 exponential_expression
689 | multiplicative_expression '*' exponential_expression
690 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
691 | multiplicative_expression '/' exponential_expression
692 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
693 | multiplicative_expression '%' exponential_expression
694 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
695 ;
696
697additive_expression:
698 multiplicative_expression
699 | additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
700 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
701 | additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
702 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
703 ;
704
705shift_expression:
706 additive_expression
707 | shift_expression LS additive_expression
708 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
709 | shift_expression RS additive_expression
710 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
711 ;
712
713relational_expression:
714 shift_expression
715 | relational_expression '<' shift_expression
716 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
717 | relational_expression '>' shift_expression
718 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
719 | relational_expression LE shift_expression
720 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
721 | relational_expression GE shift_expression
722 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
723 ;
724
725equality_expression:
726 relational_expression
727 | equality_expression EQ relational_expression
728 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
729 | equality_expression NE relational_expression
730 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
731 ;
732
733AND_expression:
734 equality_expression
735 | AND_expression '&' equality_expression
736 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
737 ;
738
739exclusive_OR_expression:
740 AND_expression
741 | exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
742 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
743 ;
744
745inclusive_OR_expression:
746 exclusive_OR_expression
747 | inclusive_OR_expression '|' exclusive_OR_expression
748 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
749 ;
750
751logical_AND_expression:
752 inclusive_OR_expression
753 | logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
754 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
755 ;
756
757logical_OR_expression:
758 logical_AND_expression
759 | logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
760 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
761 ;
762
763conditional_expression:
764 logical_OR_expression
765 | logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
766 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
767 // FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
768 | logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
769 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
770 ;
771
772constant_expression:
773 conditional_expression
774 ;
775
776assignment_expression:
777 // CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
778 conditional_expression
779 | unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
780 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
781 | unary_expression '=' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}'
782 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer assignment is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
783 ;
784
785assignment_expression_opt:
786 // empty
787 { $$ = nullptr; }
788 | assignment_expression
789 ;
790
791assignment_operator:
792 '=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
793 | ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
794 | EXPassign { $$ = OperKinds::ExpAssn; }
795 | MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
796 | DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
797 | MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
798 | PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
799 | MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
800 | LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
801 | RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
802 | ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
803 | ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
804 | ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
805 ;
806
807tuple: // CFA, tuple
808 // CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
809 // comma_expression in cfa_identifier_parameter_array and cfa_abstract_array
810// '[' ']'
811// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
812// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
813// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
814 '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
815 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
816 | '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
817 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
818 ;
819
820tuple_expression_list:
821 assignment_expression_opt
822 | tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
823 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
824 ;
825
826comma_expression:
827 assignment_expression
828 | comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
829 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new CommaExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
830 ;
831
832comma_expression_opt:
833 // empty
834 { $$ = nullptr; }
835 | comma_expression
836 ;
837
838//*************************** STATEMENTS *******************************
839
840statement:
841 labeled_statement
842 | compound_statement
843 | expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
844 | selection_statement
845 | iteration_statement
846 | jump_statement
847 | with_statement
848 | mutex_statement
849 | waitfor_statement
850 | exception_statement
851 | enable_disable_statement
852 { SemanticError( yylloc, "enable/disable statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
853 | asm_statement
854 ;
855
856labeled_statement:
857 // labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
858 identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
859 {
860 $$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
861 }
862 ;
863
864compound_statement:
865 '{' '}'
866 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
867 | '{'
868 // Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
869 // requires its own scope.
870 push push
871 local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
872 statement_decl_list // C99, intermix declarations and statements
873 pop '}'
874 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
875 ;
876
877statement_decl_list: // C99
878 statement_decl
879 | statement_decl_list push statement_decl
880 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
881 ;
882
883statement_decl:
884 declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
885 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
886 | EXTENSION declaration // GCC
887 {
888 distExt( $2 );
889 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
890 }
891 | function_definition
892 { $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
893 | EXTENSION function_definition // GCC
894 {
895 distExt( $2 );
896 $$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
897 }
898 | statement pop
899 ;
900
901statement_list_nodecl:
902 statement
903 | statement_list_nodecl statement
904 { if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
905 ;
906
907expression_statement:
908 comma_expression_opt ';'
909 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
910 ;
911
912selection_statement:
913 IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
914 // explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
915 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, nullptr ) ); }
916 | IF '(' push if_control_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
917 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
918 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause
919 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
920 | SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
921 {
922 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
923 // The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
924 // *before* the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
925 // statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
926 // therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
927 // statement.
928 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
929 }
930 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
931 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
932 | CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
933 {
934 StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
935 $$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
936 }
937 ;
938
939if_control_expression:
940 comma_expression pop
941 { $$ = new IfCtl( nullptr, $1 ); }
942 | c_declaration pop // no semi-colon
943 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
944 | cfa_declaration pop // no semi-colon
945 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, nullptr ); }
946 | declaration comma_expression // semi-colon separated
947 { $$ = new IfCtl( $1, $2 ); }
948 ;
949
950// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
951// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
952
953case_value: // CFA
954 constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
955 | constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
956 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
957 | subrange // CFA, subrange
958 ;
959
960case_value_list: // CFA
961 case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
962 // convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
963 | case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
964 ;
965
966case_label: // CFA
967 CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
968 | DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
969 // A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
970 ;
971
972case_label_list: // CFA
973 case_label
974 | case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
975 ;
976
977case_clause: // CFA
978 case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
979 ;
980
981switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
982 // empty
983 { $$ = nullptr; }
984 | switch_clause_list
985 ;
986
987switch_clause_list: // CFA
988 case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
989 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
990 | switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl
991 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
992 ;
993
994choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
995 // empty
996 { $$ = nullptr; }
997 | choose_clause_list
998 ;
999
1000choose_clause_list: // CFA
1001 case_label_list fall_through
1002 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
1003 | case_label_list statement_list_nodecl fall_through_opt
1004 { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
1005 | choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
1006 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
1007 | choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list_nodecl fall_through_opt
1008 { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
1009 ;
1010
1011fall_through_opt: // CFA
1012 // empty
1013 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
1014 | fall_through
1015 ;
1016
1017fall_through_name: // CFA
1018 FALLTHRU
1019 | FALLTHROUGH
1020 ;
1021
1022fall_through: // CFA
1023 fall_through_name
1024 { $$ = nullptr; }
1025 | fall_through_name ';'
1026 { $$ = nullptr; }
1027 ;
1028
1029iteration_statement:
1030 WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
1031 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
1032 | DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
1033 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
1034 | FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
1035 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
1036 ;
1037
1038for_control_expression:
1039 comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
1040 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
1041 | declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
1042 { $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
1043 ;
1044
1045jump_statement:
1046 GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
1047 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
1048 | GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
1049 // The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto *i+3; => goto *(i+3);
1050 // whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
1051 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
1052 | CONTINUE ';'
1053 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1054 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1055 | CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
1056 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1057 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1058 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
1059 | BREAK ';'
1060 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
1061 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1062 | BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
1063 // A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
1064 // the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
1065 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
1066 | RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
1067 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
1068 | RETURN '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}'
1069 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Initializer return is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1070 | THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
1071 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
1072 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
1073 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume( $2 ) ); }
1074 | THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
1075 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_resume_at( $2, $4 ) ); }
1076 ;
1077
1078with_statement:
1079 WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')' statement
1080 {
1081 $$ = new StatementNode( build_with( $3, $5 ) );
1082 }
1083 ;
1084
1085// If MUTEX becomes a general qualifier, there are shift/reduce conflicts, so change syntax to "with mutex".
1086mutex_statement:
1087 MUTEX '(' argument_expression_list ')' statement
1088 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Mutex statement is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1089 ;
1090
1091when_clause:
1092 WHEN '(' comma_expression ')'
1093 { $$ = $3; }
1094 ;
1095
1096when_clause_opt:
1097 // empty
1098 { $$ = nullptr; }
1099 | when_clause
1100 ;
1101
1102waitfor:
1103 WAITFOR '(' identifier ')'
1104 {
1105 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1106 delete $3;
1107 }
1108 | WAITFOR '(' identifier ',' argument_expression_list ')'
1109 {
1110 $$ = new ExpressionNode( new NameExpr( *$3 ) );
1111 $$->set_last( $5 );
1112 delete $3;
1113 }
1114 ;
1115
1116timeout:
1117 TIMEOUT '(' comma_expression ')'
1118 { $$ = $3; }
1119 ;
1120
1121waitfor_clause:
1122 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1123 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1124 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1125 { $$ = build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ); }
1126 | when_clause_opt timeout statement %prec THEN
1127 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1 ); }
1128 | when_clause_opt ELSE statement
1129 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( nullptr, $3, $1 ); }
1130 // "else" must be conditional after timeout or timeout is never triggered (i.e., it is meaningless)
1131 | when_clause_opt timeout statement WOR when_clause ELSE statement
1132 { $$ = build_waitfor_timeout( $2, $3, $1, $7, $5 ); }
1133 ;
1134
1135waitfor_statement:
1136 when_clause_opt waitfor statement %prec THEN
1137 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1 ) ); }
1138 | when_clause_opt waitfor statement WOR waitfor_clause
1139 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_waitfor( $2, $3, $1, $5 ) ); }
1140 ;
1141
1142exception_statement:
1143 TRY compound_statement handler_clause
1144 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
1145 | TRY compound_statement finally_clause
1146 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
1147 | TRY compound_statement handler_clause finally_clause
1148 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
1149 ;
1150
1151handler_clause:
1152 handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1153 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $1, $5, $7, $9 ) ); }
1154 | handler_clause handler_key '(' push push exception_declaration pop handler_predicate_opt ')' compound_statement pop
1155 { $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $2, $6, $8, $10 ) ) ); }
1156 ;
1157
1158handler_predicate_opt:
1159 //empty
1160 { $$ = nullptr; }
1161 | ';' conditional_expression
1162 { $$ = $2; }
1163 ;
1164
1165handler_key:
1166 CATCH
1167 { $$ = CatchStmt::Terminate; }
1168 | CATCHRESUME
1169 { $$ = CatchStmt::Resume; }
1170 ;
1171
1172finally_clause:
1173 FINALLY compound_statement
1174 {
1175 $$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
1176 }
1177 ;
1178
1179exception_declaration:
1180 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
1181 type_specifier_nobody
1182 | type_specifier_nobody declarator
1183 {
1184 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1185 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
1186 }
1187 | type_specifier_nobody variable_abstract_declarator
1188 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
1189 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
1190 {
1191 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1192 $$ = $1->addName( $2 );
1193 }
1194 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
1195 ;
1196
1197enable_disable_statement:
1198 enable_disable_key identifier_list compound_statement
1199 ;
1200
1201enable_disable_key:
1202 ENABLE
1203 | DISABLE
1204 ;
1205
1206asm_statement:
1207 ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
1208 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
1209 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
1210 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
1211 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
1212 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
1213 | ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
1214 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
1215 | ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
1216 { $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
1217 ;
1218
1219asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
1220 // empty
1221 { $$ = false; }
1222 | VOLATILE
1223 { $$ = true; }
1224 ;
1225
1226asm_operands_opt: // GCC
1227 // empty
1228 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1229 | asm_operands_list
1230 ;
1231
1232asm_operands_list: // GCC
1233 asm_operand
1234 | asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
1235 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
1236 ;
1237
1238asm_operand: // GCC
1239 string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1240 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( (ExpressionNode *)nullptr ), $1, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
1241 | '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
1242 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new AsmExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $2 ), $4, maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $6 ) ) ); }
1243 ;
1244
1245asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
1246 // empty
1247 { $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
1248 | string_literal
1249 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
1250 | asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
1251 // set_last returns ParseNode *
1252 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
1253 ;
1254
1255label_list:
1256 no_attr_identifier
1257 {
1258 $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
1259 delete $1; // allocated by lexer
1260 }
1261 | label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
1262 {
1263 $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
1264 delete $3; // allocated by lexer
1265 }
1266 ;
1267
1268//******************************* DECLARATIONS *********************************
1269
1270declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
1271 pop
1272 { $$ = nullptr; }
1273 | declaration_list
1274 ;
1275
1276declaration_list:
1277 declaration
1278 | declaration_list push declaration
1279 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1280 ;
1281
1282KR_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
1283 // empty
1284 { $$ = nullptr; }
1285 | KR_declaration_list
1286 ;
1287
1288KR_declaration_list:
1289 push c_declaration pop ';'
1290 { $$ = $2; }
1291 | KR_declaration_list push c_declaration pop ';'
1292 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
1293 ;
1294
1295local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
1296 // empty
1297 | local_label_declaration_list
1298 ;
1299
1300local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
1301 LABEL local_label_list ';'
1302 | local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
1303 ;
1304
1305local_label_list: // GCC, local label
1306 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1307 | local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
1308 ;
1309
1310declaration: // old & new style declarations
1311 c_declaration pop ';'
1312 | cfa_declaration pop ';' // CFA
1313 | static_assert
1314 ;
1315
1316static_assert:
1317 STATICASSERT '(' constant_expression ',' string_literal ')' ';' // C11
1318 { SemanticError( yylloc, "Static assert is currently unimplemented." ); $$ = nullptr; } // FIX ME
1319
1320// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
1321// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
1322// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
1323// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
1324// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
1325// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
1326//
1327// CFA C
1328// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
1329// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
1330
1331cfa_declaration: // CFA
1332 cfa_variable_declaration
1333 | cfa_typedef_declaration
1334 | cfa_function_declaration
1335 | type_declaring_list
1336 | trait_specifier
1337 ;
1338
1339cfa_variable_declaration: // CFA
1340 cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1341 {
1342 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1343 $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
1344 }
1345 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_variable_specifier initializer_opt
1346 // declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
1347 // them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
1348 {
1349 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1350 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
1351 }
1352 | cfa_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
1353 {
1354 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
1355 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1356 }
1357 ;
1358
1359cfa_variable_specifier: // CFA
1360 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1361 // storage-class
1362 cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1363 {
1364 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1365 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1366 }
1367 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1368 {
1369 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
1370 $$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
1371 }
1372 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
1373 {
1374 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
1375 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
1376 }
1377 ;
1378
1379cfa_function_declaration: // CFA
1380 cfa_function_specifier
1381 {
1382 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1383 $$ = $1;
1384 }
1385 | type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1386 {
1387 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1388 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1389 }
1390 | declaration_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1391 {
1392 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1393 $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
1394 }
1395 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list cfa_function_specifier
1396 {
1397 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1398 $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1399 }
1400 | cfa_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1401 {
1402 // Append the return type at the start (left-hand-side) to each identifier in the list.
1403 DeclarationNode * ret = new DeclarationNode;
1404 ret->type = maybeClone( $1->type->base );
1405 $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, ret, $8, nullptr ) );
1406 }
1407 ;
1408
1409cfa_function_specifier: // CFA
1410// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
1411// {
1412// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
1413// }
1414// '[' ']' identifier '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1415// {
1416// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1417// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1418// }
1419// | '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1420// {
1421// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
1422// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
1423// }
1424// | '[' ']' typegen_name
1425 // identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
1426 //
1427 // '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
1428 // '[' ']' type_specifier
1429 //
1430 // type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
1431 // flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
1432 cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1433 // To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
1434 {
1435 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 );
1436 }
1437 | cfa_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
1438 {
1439 $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0 );
1440 }
1441 ;
1442
1443cfa_function_return: // CFA
1444 '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ']'
1445 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
1446 | '[' push cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
1447 // To obtain LR(1 ), the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
1448 // ']'.
1449 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
1450 ;
1451
1452cfa_typedef_declaration: // CFA
1453 TYPEDEF cfa_variable_specifier
1454 {
1455 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1456 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1457 }
1458 | TYPEDEF cfa_function_specifier
1459 {
1460 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1461 $$ = $2->addTypedef();
1462 }
1463 | cfa_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
1464 {
1465 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1466 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
1467 }
1468 ;
1469
1470// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
1471// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
1472
1473typedef_declaration:
1474 TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
1475 {
1476 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1477 $$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
1478 }
1479 | typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
1480 {
1481 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1482 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
1483 }
1484 | type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1485 {
1486 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1487 $$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
1488 }
1489 | type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
1490 {
1491 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1492 $$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
1493 }
1494 | type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
1495 {
1496 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
1497 $$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
1498 }
1499 ;
1500
1501typedef_expression:
1502 // GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
1503 TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1504 {
1505 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
1506 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1507 }
1508 | typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
1509 {
1510 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
1511 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // unimplemented
1512 }
1513 ;
1514
1515//c_declaration:
1516// declaring_list pop ';'
1517// | typedef_declaration pop ';'
1518// | typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
1519// | sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
1520// ;
1521//
1522//declaring_list:
1523// // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1524// // storage-class
1525// declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1526// {
1527// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1528// $$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
1529// }
1530// | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1531// {
1532// typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1533// $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
1534// }
1535// ;
1536
1537c_declaration:
1538 declaration_specifier declaring_list
1539 {
1540 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 );
1541 }
1542 | typedef_declaration
1543 | typedef_expression // GCC, naming expression type
1544 | sue_declaration_specifier
1545 ;
1546
1547declaring_list:
1548 // A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
1549 // storage-class
1550 declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1551 {
1552 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1553 $$ = $1->addAsmName( $2 )->addInitializer( $3 );
1554 }
1555 | declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
1556 {
1557 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
1558 $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 )->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
1559 }
1560 ;
1561
1562declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
1563 basic_declaration_specifier
1564 | sue_declaration_specifier
1565 | type_declaration_specifier
1566 ;
1567
1568declaration_specifier_nobody: // type specifier + storage class - {...}
1569 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1570 //
1571 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1572 //
1573 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1574 basic_declaration_specifier
1575 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody
1576 | type_declaration_specifier
1577 ;
1578
1579type_specifier: // type specifier
1580 basic_type_specifier
1581 | sue_type_specifier
1582 | type_type_specifier
1583 ;
1584
1585type_specifier_nobody: // type specifier - {...}
1586 // Preclude SUE declarations in restricted scopes:
1587 //
1588 // int f( struct S { int i; } s1, Struct S s2 ) { struct S s3; ... }
1589 //
1590 // because it is impossible to call f due to name equivalence.
1591 basic_type_specifier
1592 | sue_type_specifier_nobody
1593 | type_type_specifier
1594 ;
1595
1596type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
1597 // empty
1598 { $$ = nullptr; }
1599 | type_qualifier_list
1600 ;
1601
1602type_qualifier_list:
1603 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
1604 //
1605 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
1606 // specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
1607 // appeared only once.
1608 type_qualifier
1609 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
1610 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1611 ;
1612
1613type_qualifier:
1614 type_qualifier_name
1615 | attribute
1616 ;
1617
1618type_qualifier_name:
1619 CONST
1620 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Const ); }
1621 | RESTRICT
1622 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Restrict ); }
1623 | VOLATILE
1624 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Volatile ); }
1625 | ATOMIC
1626 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Atomic ); }
1627 | forall
1628 ;
1629
1630forall:
1631 FORALL '('
1632 {
1633 typedefTable.enterScope();
1634 }
1635 type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
1636 {
1637 typedefTable.leaveScope();
1638 $$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
1639 }
1640 ;
1641
1642declaration_qualifier_list:
1643 storage_class_list
1644 | type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
1645 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1646 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
1647 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1648 ;
1649
1650storage_class_list:
1651 // A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
1652 // only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
1653 //
1654 // ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
1655 // specifiers in a declaration.
1656 storage_class
1657 | storage_class_list storage_class
1658 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1659 ;
1660
1661storage_class:
1662 EXTERN
1663 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Extern ); }
1664 | STATIC
1665 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Static ); }
1666 | AUTO
1667 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Auto ); }
1668 | REGISTER
1669 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Register ); }
1670 | THREADLOCAL // C11
1671 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( Type::Threadlocal ); }
1672 // Put function specifiers here to simplify parsing rules, but separate them semantically.
1673 | INLINE // C99
1674 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Inline ); }
1675 | FORTRAN // C99
1676 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Fortran ); }
1677 | NORETURN // C11
1678 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFuncSpecifier( Type::Noreturn ); }
1679 ;
1680
1681basic_type_name:
1682 VOID
1683 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
1684 | BOOL // C99
1685 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
1686 | CHAR
1687 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
1688 | INT
1689 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
1690 | INT128
1691 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int128 ); }
1692 | FLOAT
1693 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
1694 | FLOAT80
1695 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float80 ); }
1696 | FLOAT128
1697 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float128 ); }
1698 | DOUBLE
1699 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
1700 | COMPLEX // C99
1701 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
1702 | IMAGINARY // C99
1703 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
1704 | SIGNED
1705 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
1706 | UNSIGNED
1707 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
1708 | SHORT
1709 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
1710 | LONG
1711 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
1712 | ZERO_T
1713 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
1714 | ONE_T
1715 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
1716 | VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
1717 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
1718 ;
1719
1720basic_declaration_specifier:
1721 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
1722 basic_type_specifier
1723 | declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
1724 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1725 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1726 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1727 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1728 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1729 | basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
1730 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
1731 ;
1732
1733basic_type_specifier:
1734 direct_type
1735 | type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type type_qualifier_list_opt
1736 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1737 ;
1738
1739direct_type:
1740 // A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
1741 basic_type_name
1742 | type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
1743 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1744 | direct_type type_qualifier
1745 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1746 | direct_type basic_type_name
1747 { $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
1748 ;
1749
1750indirect_type:
1751 TYPEOF '(' type ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
1752 { $$ = $3; }
1753 | TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
1754 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
1755 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
1756 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1757 | ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
1758 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
1759 ;
1760
1761sue_declaration_specifier: // struct, union, enum + storage class + type specifier
1762 sue_type_specifier
1763 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
1764 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1765 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1766 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1767 | sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1768 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1769 ;
1770
1771sue_type_specifier: // struct, union, enum + type specifier
1772 elaborated_type
1773 | type_qualifier_list
1774 { if ( $1->type != nullptr && $1->type->forall ) forall = true; } // remember generic type
1775 elaborated_type
1776 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1777 | sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
1778 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1779 ;
1780
1781sue_declaration_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + storage class + type specifier
1782 sue_type_specifier_nobody
1783 | declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier_nobody
1784 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1785 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1786 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1787 | sue_declaration_specifier_nobody storage_class type_qualifier_list
1788 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1789 ;
1790
1791sue_type_specifier_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...} + type specifier
1792 elaborated_type_nobody
1793 | type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_nobody
1794 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1795 | sue_type_specifier_nobody type_qualifier
1796 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1797 ;
1798
1799type_declaration_specifier:
1800 type_type_specifier
1801 | declaration_qualifier_list type_type_specifier
1802 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1803 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
1804 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1805 | type_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
1806 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
1807 ;
1808
1809type_type_specifier: // typedef types
1810 type_name
1811 | type_qualifier_list type_name
1812 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
1813 | type_type_specifier type_qualifier
1814 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1815 ;
1816
1817type_name:
1818 TYPEDEFname
1819 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
1820 | '.' TYPEDEFname
1821 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 ); } // FIX ME
1822 | type_name '.' TYPEDEFname
1823 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $3 ); } // FIX ME
1824 | typegen_name
1825 | '.' typegen_name
1826 { $$ = $2; } // FIX ME
1827 | type_name '.' typegen_name
1828 { $$ = $3; } // FIX ME
1829 ;
1830
1831typegen_name: // CFA
1832 TYPEGENname
1833 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1834 | TYPEGENname '(' ')'
1835 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, nullptr ); }
1836 | TYPEGENname '(' type_list ')'
1837 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
1838 ;
1839
1840elaborated_type: // struct, union, enum
1841 aggregate_type
1842 | enum_type
1843 ;
1844
1845elaborated_type_nobody: // struct, union, enum - {...}
1846 aggregate_type_nobody
1847 | enum_type_nobody
1848 ;
1849
1850aggregate_type: // struct, union
1851 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1852 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), nullptr, $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1853 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1854 {
1855 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); // create typedef
1856 if ( forall ) typedefTable.changeKind( *$3, TypedefTable::TG ); // possibly update
1857 forall = false; // reset
1858 }
1859 '{' field_declaration_list '}'
1860 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1861 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt '(' type_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
1862 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, $7, false )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1863 | aggregate_type_nobody
1864 ;
1865
1866aggregate_type_nobody: // struct, union - {...}
1867 aggregate_key attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier
1868 {
1869 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1870 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1871 }
1872 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt TYPEDEFname
1873 {
1874 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1875 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3, nullptr, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1876 }
1877 | aggregate_key attribute_list_opt typegen_name // CFA
1878 {
1879 // Create new generic declaration with same name as previous forward declaration, where the IDENTIFIER is
1880 // switched to a TYPEGENname. Link any generic arguments from typegen_name to new generic declaration and
1881 // delete newFromTypeGen.
1882 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $3->type->symbolic.name, $3->type->symbolic.actuals, nullptr, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1883 $3->type->symbolic.name = nullptr;
1884 $3->type->symbolic.actuals = nullptr;
1885 delete $3;
1886 }
1887 ;
1888
1889aggregate_key:
1890 STRUCT
1891 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
1892 | UNION
1893 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
1894 | EXCEPTION
1895 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Exception; }
1896 | COROUTINE
1897 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Coroutine; }
1898 | MONITOR
1899 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Monitor; }
1900 | THREAD
1901 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Thread; }
1902 ;
1903
1904field_declaration_list:
1905 // empty
1906 { $$ = nullptr; }
1907 | field_declaration_list field_declaration
1908 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
1909 ;
1910
1911field_declaration:
1912 cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
1913 | EXTENSION cfa_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1914 {
1915 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
1916 $$ = $2;
1917 }
1918 | type_specifier field_declaring_list ';'
1919 {
1920 $$ = distAttr( $1, $2 ); }
1921 | EXTENSION type_specifier field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
1922 {
1923 distExt( $3 ); // mark all fields in list
1924 $$ = distAttr( $2, $3 );
1925 }
1926 | static_assert
1927 ;
1928
1929cfa_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
1930 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
1931 | cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1932 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
1933 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1934 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
1935 | cfa_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
1936 { $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
1937 ;
1938
1939field_declaring_list:
1940 field_declarator
1941 | field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
1942 { $$ = $1->appendList( $4->addQualifiers( $3 ) ); }
1943 ;
1944
1945field_declarator:
1946 // empty
1947 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
1948 // '@'
1949 // { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ) ); } // CFA, no field name
1950 | bit_subrange_size // no field name
1951 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
1952 | variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1953 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1954 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1955 | variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
1956 // A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
1957 { $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
1958 | variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
1959 ;
1960
1961bit_subrange_size_opt:
1962 // empty
1963 { $$ = nullptr; }
1964 | bit_subrange_size
1965 { $$ = $1; }
1966 ;
1967
1968bit_subrange_size:
1969 ':' constant_expression
1970 { $$ = $2; }
1971 ;
1972
1973enum_type: // enum
1974 ENUM attribute_list_opt '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1975 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( new string( DeclarationNode::anonymous.newName() ), $4, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1976 | ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1977 { typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 ); }
1978 '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
1979 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, $6, true )->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
1980 | enum_type_nobody
1981 ;
1982
1983enum_type_nobody: // enum - {...}
1984 ENUM attribute_list_opt no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
1985 {
1986 typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$3 );
1987 $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $3, 0, false )->addQualifiers( $2 );
1988 }
1989 ;
1990
1991enumerator_list:
1992 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1993 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
1994 | enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
1995 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
1996 ;
1997
1998enumerator_value_opt:
1999 // empty
2000 { $$ = nullptr; }
2001 | '=' constant_expression
2002 { $$ = $2; }
2003 ;
2004
2005cfa_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA, abstract + real
2006 // empty
2007 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
2008 | ELLIPSIS
2009 { $$ = nullptr; }
2010 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2011 | cfa_parameter_list
2012 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list
2013 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2014 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2015 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2016 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2017 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2018 ;
2019
2020cfa_parameter_list: // CFA
2021 // To obtain LR(1) between cfa_parameter_list and cfa_abstract_tuple, the last cfa_abstract_parameter_list is
2022 // factored out from cfa_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
2023 cfa_parameter_declaration
2024 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2025 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2026 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2027 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2028 | cfa_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_parameter_declaration
2029 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
2030 ;
2031
2032cfa_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
2033 cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2034 | cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration
2035 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2036 ;
2037
2038parameter_type_list_opt:
2039 // empty
2040 { $$ = nullptr; }
2041 | ELLIPSIS
2042 { $$ = nullptr; }
2043 | parameter_list
2044 | parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
2045 { $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
2046 ;
2047
2048parameter_list: // abstract + real
2049 abstract_parameter_declaration
2050 | parameter_declaration
2051 | parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
2052 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2053 | parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
2054 { $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
2055 ;
2056
2057// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
2058// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
2059
2060cfa_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2061 parameter_declaration
2062 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2063 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2064 | cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2065 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2066 { $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
2067 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name default_initialize_opt
2068 { $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2069 | cfa_function_specifier
2070 ;
2071
2072cfa_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
2073 abstract_parameter_declaration
2074 | cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
2075 | cfa_abstract_tuple
2076 // To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see cfa_abstract_declarator).
2077 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
2078 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2079 | cfa_abstract_function
2080 ;
2081
2082parameter_declaration:
2083 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
2084 declaration_specifier_nobody identifier_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2085 {
2086 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2087 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2088 }
2089 | declaration_specifier_nobody type_parameter_redeclarator default_initialize_opt
2090 {
2091 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2092 $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
2093 }
2094 ;
2095
2096abstract_parameter_declaration:
2097 declaration_specifier_nobody default_initialize_opt
2098 { $$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 ? new InitializerNode( $2 ) : nullptr ); }
2099 | declaration_specifier_nobody abstract_parameter_declarator default_initialize_opt
2100 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr ); }
2101 ;
2102
2103// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
2104// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
2105// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
2106
2107identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
2108 no_attr_identifier
2109 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
2110 | identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
2111 { $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
2112 ;
2113
2114identifier_or_type_name:
2115 identifier
2116 | TYPEDEFname
2117 | TYPEGENname
2118 ;
2119
2120no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
2121 no_attr_identifier
2122 | TYPEDEFname
2123 | TYPEGENname
2124 ;
2125
2126type_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
2127 cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
2128 | type_specifier
2129 | type_specifier abstract_declarator
2130 { $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
2131 ;
2132
2133type: // typeof, assertion
2134 type_no_function
2135 | cfa_abstract_function // CFA
2136 ;
2137
2138initializer_opt:
2139 // empty
2140 { $$ = nullptr; }
2141 | '=' initializer
2142 { $$ = $2; }
2143 | '=' VOID
2144 { $$ = nullptr; }
2145 | ATassign initializer
2146 { $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
2147 ;
2148
2149initializer:
2150 assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
2151 | '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
2152 ;
2153
2154initializer_list:
2155 // empty
2156 { $$ = nullptr; }
2157 | initializer
2158 | designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
2159 | initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
2160 | initializer_list ',' designation initializer
2161 { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
2162 ;
2163
2164// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
2165// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
2166//
2167// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
2168//
2169// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
2170// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
2171// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
2172// shift/reduce conflicts
2173
2174designation:
2175 designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
2176 | no_attr_identifier ':' // GCC, field name
2177 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
2178 ;
2179
2180designator_list: // C99
2181 designator
2182 | designator_list designator
2183 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
2184 //| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
2185 ;
2186
2187designator:
2188 '.' no_attr_identifier // C99, field name
2189 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
2190 | '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
2191 // assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
2192 { $$ = $3; }
2193 | '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
2194 { $$ = $3; }
2195 | '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
2196 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $5 ) ) ); }
2197 | '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
2198 { $$ = $4; }
2199 ;
2200
2201// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
2202// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
2203//
2204// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
2205//
2206// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
2207// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
2208// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
2209//
2210// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
2211// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
2212//
2213// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
2214// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
2215// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
2216// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
2217// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
2218
2219type_parameter_list: // CFA
2220 type_parameter
2221 { $$ = $1; }
2222 | type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter
2223 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2224 ;
2225
2226type_initializer_opt: // CFA
2227 // empty
2228 { $$ = nullptr; }
2229 | '=' type
2230 { $$ = $2; }
2231 ;
2232
2233type_parameter: // CFA
2234 type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2235 { typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
2236 type_initializer_opt assertion_list_opt
2237 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addTypeInitializer( $4 )->addAssertions( $5 ); }
2238 | type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
2239 ;
2240
2241type_class: // CFA
2242 OTYPE
2243 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
2244 | DTYPE
2245 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
2246 | FTYPE
2247 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
2248 | TTYPE
2249 { $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
2250 ;
2251
2252assertion_list_opt: // CFA
2253 // empty
2254 { $$ = nullptr; }
2255 | assertion_list_opt assertion
2256 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
2257 ;
2258
2259assertion: // CFA
2260 '|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_list ')'
2261 {
2262 typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
2263 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
2264 }
2265 | '|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
2266 { $$ = $4; }
2267 | '|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_list ')'
2268 { $$ = nullptr; }
2269 ;
2270
2271type_list: // CFA
2272 type
2273 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $1 ) ) ); }
2274 | assignment_expression
2275 | type_list ',' type
2276 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( new TypeExpr( maybeMoveBuildType( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
2277 | type_list ',' assignment_expression
2278 { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
2279 ;
2280
2281type_declaring_list: // CFA
2282 OTYPE type_declarator
2283 { $$ = $2; }
2284 | storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
2285 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2286 | type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
2287 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copySpecifiers( $1 ) ); }
2288 ;
2289
2290type_declarator: // CFA
2291 type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
2292 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
2293 | type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type
2294 { $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
2295 ;
2296
2297type_declarator_name: // CFA
2298 no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
2299 {
2300 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
2301 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
2302 }
2303 | no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
2304 {
2305 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
2306 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
2307 }
2308 ;
2309
2310trait_specifier: // CFA
2311 TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
2312 {
2313 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2314 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
2315 }
2316 | TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
2317 {
2318 typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
2319 typedefTable.enterScope();
2320 }
2321 trait_declaration_list '}'
2322 {
2323 typedefTable.leaveTrait();
2324 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
2325 $$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
2326 }
2327 ;
2328
2329trait_declaration_list: // CFA
2330 trait_declaration
2331 | trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
2332 { $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
2333 ;
2334
2335trait_declaration: // CFA
2336 cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2337 | trait_declaring_list pop ';'
2338 ;
2339
2340cfa_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2341 cfa_variable_specifier
2342 {
2343 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2344 $$ = $1;
2345 }
2346 | cfa_function_specifier
2347 {
2348 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2349 $$ = $1;
2350 }
2351 | cfa_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
2352 {
2353 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
2354 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
2355 }
2356 ;
2357
2358trait_declaring_list: // CFA
2359 type_specifier declarator
2360 {
2361 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2362 $$ = $2->addType( $1 );
2363 }
2364 | trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
2365 {
2366 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
2367 $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
2368 }
2369 ;
2370
2371//***************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS *****************************
2372
2373translation_unit:
2374 // empty
2375 {} // empty input file
2376 | external_definition_list
2377 { parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
2378 ;
2379
2380external_definition_list:
2381 external_definition
2382 | external_definition_list push external_definition
2383 { $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
2384 ;
2385
2386external_definition_list_opt:
2387 // empty
2388 { $$ = nullptr; }
2389 | external_definition_list
2390 ;
2391
2392external_definition:
2393 declaration
2394 | external_function_definition
2395 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' ';' // GCC, global assembler statement
2396 {
2397 $$ = DeclarationNode::newAsmStmt( new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( false, $3, 0 ) ) );
2398 }
2399 | EXTERN STRINGliteral // C++-style linkage specifier
2400 {
2401 linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
2402 linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageUpdate( yylloc, linkage, $2 );
2403 }
2404 '{' external_definition_list_opt '}'
2405 {
2406 linkage = linkageStack.top();
2407 linkageStack.pop();
2408 $$ = $5;
2409 }
2410 | EXTENSION external_definition // GCC, multiple __extension__ allowed, meaning unknown
2411 {
2412 distExt( $2 ); // mark all fields in list
2413 $$ = $2;
2414 }
2415 | forall '{' external_definition_list '}' // CFA, namespace
2416 ;
2417
2418external_function_definition:
2419 function_definition
2420 // These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
2421 // legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
2422 // Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
2423 // functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
2424 // declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2425 | function_declarator compound_statement
2426 {
2427 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2428 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2429 $$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
2430 }
2431 | KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
2432 {
2433 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2434 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2435 $$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $2 )->addFunctionBody( $3 );
2436 }
2437 ;
2438
2439with_clause_opt:
2440 // empty
2441 { $$ = nullptr; }
2442 | WITH '(' tuple_expression_list ')'
2443 { $$ = $3; }
2444 ;
2445
2446function_definition:
2447 cfa_function_declaration with_clause_opt compound_statement // CFA
2448 {
2449 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2450 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2451 // Add the function body to the last identifier in the function definition list, i.e., foo3:
2452 // [const double] foo1(), foo2( int ), foo3( double ) { return 3.0; }
2453 $1->get_last()->addFunctionBody( $3, $2 );
2454 $$ = $1;
2455 }
2456 | declaration_specifier function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2457 {
2458 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2459 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2460 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2461 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addType( $1 );
2462 }
2463 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2464 | type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2465 {
2466 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2467 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2468 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2469 }
2470 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2471 | declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2472 {
2473 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2474 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2475 $$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $4, $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2476 }
2477 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2478 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator with_clause_opt compound_statement
2479 {
2480 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2481 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2482 $$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2483 }
2484
2485 // Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
2486 | declaration_specifier KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2487 {
2488 rebindForall( $1, $2 );
2489 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2490 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2491 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addType( $1 );
2492 }
2493 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2494 | type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2495 {
2496 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2497 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2498 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2499 }
2500 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2501 | declaration_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2502 {
2503 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2504 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2505 $$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $5, $4 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2506 }
2507 // handles default int return type, OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
2508 | declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator KR_declaration_list_opt with_clause_opt compound_statement
2509 {
2510 typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
2511 typedefTable.leaveScope();
2512 $$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $6, $5 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
2513 }
2514 ;
2515
2516declarator:
2517 variable_declarator
2518 | variable_type_redeclarator
2519 | function_declarator
2520 ;
2521
2522subrange:
2523 constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
2524 { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new RangeExpr( maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $1 ), maybeMoveBuild< Expression >( $3 ) ) ); }
2525 ;
2526
2527asm_name_opt: // GCC
2528 // empty
2529 { $$ = nullptr; }
2530 | ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
2531 {
2532 DeclarationNode * name = new DeclarationNode();
2533 name->asmName = $3;
2534 $$ = name->addQualifiers( $5 );
2535 }
2536 ;
2537
2538attribute_list_opt: // GCC
2539 // empty
2540 { $$ = nullptr; }
2541 | attribute_list
2542 ;
2543
2544attribute_list: // GCC
2545 attribute
2546 | attribute_list attribute
2547 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2548 ;
2549
2550attribute: // GCC
2551 ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
2552 { $$ = $4; }
2553 ;
2554
2555attribute_name_list: // GCC
2556 attribute_name
2557 | attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
2558 { $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
2559 ;
2560
2561attribute_name: // GCC
2562 // empty
2563 { $$ = nullptr; }
2564 | attr_name
2565 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
2566 | attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
2567 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
2568 ;
2569
2570attr_name: // GCC
2571 IDENTIFIER
2572 | quasi_keyword
2573 | TYPEDEFname
2574 | TYPEGENname
2575 | FALLTHROUGH
2576 { $$ = Token{ new string( "fallthrough" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2577 | CONST
2578 { $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ), { nullptr, -1 } }; }
2579 ;
2580
2581// ============================================================================
2582// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
2583// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
2584// in:
2585//
2586// int (*f())[10] { ... };
2587// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
2588//
2589// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
2590// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
2591// ============================================================================
2592
2593// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2594// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
2595// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
2596//
2597// valid declaration invalid definition
2598// ----------------- ------------------
2599// int f; int f {}
2600// int *f; int *f {}
2601// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
2602// int (*f)(int); int (*f)(int) {}
2603//
2604// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
2605// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
2606// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2607
2608// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
2609// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
2610
2611variable_declarator:
2612 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2613 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2614 | variable_ptr
2615 | variable_array attribute_list_opt
2616 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2617 | variable_function attribute_list_opt
2618 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2619 ;
2620
2621paren_identifier:
2622 identifier
2623 {
2624 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2625 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2626 }
2627 | '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
2628 { $$ = $2; }
2629 ;
2630
2631variable_ptr:
2632 ptrref_operator variable_declarator
2633 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2634 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
2635 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2636 | '(' variable_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2637 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); } // redundant parenthesis
2638 ;
2639
2640variable_array:
2641 paren_identifier array_dimension
2642 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2643 | '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
2644 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2645 | '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2646 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2647 | '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2648 { $$ = $2; }
2649 ;
2650
2651variable_function:
2652 '(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2653 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2654 | '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2655 { $$ = $2; }
2656 ;
2657
2658// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
2659// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
2660// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2661
2662function_declarator:
2663 function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
2664 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2665 | function_ptr
2666 | function_array attribute_list_opt
2667 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2668 ;
2669
2670function_no_ptr:
2671 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2672 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2673 | '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2674 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2675 | '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2676 { $$ = $2; }
2677 ;
2678
2679function_ptr:
2680 ptrref_operator function_declarator
2681 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2682 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
2683 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2684 | '(' function_ptr ')'
2685 { $$ = $2; }
2686 ;
2687
2688function_array:
2689 '(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2690 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2691 | '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2692 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2693 | '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2694 { $$ = $2; }
2695 ;
2696
2697// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4)
2698//
2699// f( a, b, c ) int a, *b, c[]; {}
2700//
2701// that is not redefining a typedef name (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes
2702// returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2703
2704KR_function_declarator:
2705 KR_function_no_ptr
2706 | KR_function_ptr
2707 | KR_function_array
2708 ;
2709
2710KR_function_no_ptr:
2711 paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
2712 { $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
2713 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
2714 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2715 | '(' KR_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
2716 { $$ = $2; }
2717 ;
2718
2719KR_function_ptr:
2720 ptrref_operator KR_function_declarator
2721 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2722 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list KR_function_declarator
2723 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2724 | '(' KR_function_ptr ')'
2725 { $$ = $2; }
2726 ;
2727
2728KR_function_array:
2729 '(' KR_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
2730 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2731 | '(' KR_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2732 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2733 | '(' KR_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2734 { $$ = $2; }
2735 ;
2736
2737// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
2738//
2739// typedef int foo;
2740// {
2741// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
2742// }
2743//
2744// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2745// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2746
2747variable_type_redeclarator:
2748 paren_type attribute_list_opt
2749 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2750 | type_ptr
2751 | type_array attribute_list_opt
2752 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2753 | type_function attribute_list_opt
2754 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2755 ;
2756
2757paren_type:
2758 typedef
2759 | '(' paren_type ')'
2760 { $$ = $2; }
2761 ;
2762
2763type_ptr:
2764 ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
2765 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2766 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
2767 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2768 | '(' type_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2769 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2770 ;
2771
2772type_array:
2773 paren_type array_dimension
2774 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2775 | '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
2776 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2777 | '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2778 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2779 | '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2780 { $$ = $2; }
2781 ;
2782
2783type_function:
2784 paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2785 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2786 | '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2787 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2788 | '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2789 { $$ = $2; }
2790 ;
2791
2792// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable of a function prototype or actual that is not redefining a
2793// typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes
2794// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus
2795// pointers to arrays and functions.
2796
2797identifier_parameter_declarator:
2798 paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2799 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2800 | '&' MUTEX paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
2801 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2802 | identifier_parameter_ptr
2803 | identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2804 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2805 | identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2806 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2807 ;
2808
2809identifier_parameter_ptr:
2810 ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
2811 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2812 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
2813 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2814 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2815 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2816 ;
2817
2818identifier_parameter_array:
2819 paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
2820 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2821 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
2822 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2823 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2824 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2825 | '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2826 { $$ = $2; }
2827 ;
2828
2829identifier_parameter_function:
2830 paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2831 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2832 | '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2833 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2834 | '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2835 { $$ = $2; }
2836 ;
2837
2838// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
2839// e.g.:
2840//
2841// typedef int foo;
2842// forall( otype T ) struct foo;
2843// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
2844//
2845// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
2846
2847type_parameter_redeclarator:
2848 typedef attribute_list_opt
2849 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2850 | '&' MUTEX typedef attribute_list_opt
2851 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf ) )->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2852 | type_parameter_ptr
2853 | type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
2854 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2855 | type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
2856 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2857 ;
2858
2859typedef:
2860 TYPEDEFname
2861 {
2862 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2863 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2864 }
2865 | TYPEGENname
2866 {
2867 typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
2868 $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
2869 }
2870 ;
2871
2872type_parameter_ptr:
2873 ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
2874 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2875 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
2876 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2877 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2878 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2879 ;
2880
2881type_parameter_array:
2882 typedef array_parameter_dimension
2883 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
2884 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
2885 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2886 ;
2887
2888type_parameter_function:
2889 typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2890 { $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
2891 | '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2892 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2893 ;
2894
2895// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
2896// which the type applies, e.g.:
2897//
2898// sizeof( int );
2899// sizeof( int * );
2900// sizeof( int [10] );
2901// sizeof( int (*)() );
2902// sizeof( int () );
2903//
2904// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2905// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
2906
2907abstract_declarator:
2908 abstract_ptr
2909 | abstract_array attribute_list_opt
2910 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2911 | abstract_function attribute_list_opt
2912 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
2913 ;
2914
2915abstract_ptr:
2916 ptrref_operator
2917 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
2918 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
2919 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
2920 | ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
2921 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
2922 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
2923 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
2924 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
2925 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
2926 ;
2927
2928abstract_array:
2929 array_dimension
2930 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
2931 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2932 | '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
2933 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
2934 | '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
2935 { $$ = $2; }
2936 ;
2937
2938abstract_function:
2939 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2940 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
2941 | '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
2942 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
2943 | '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
2944 { $$ = $2; }
2945 ;
2946
2947array_dimension:
2948 // Only the first dimension can be empty.
2949 '[' ']'
2950 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
2951 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
2952 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
2953 | multi_array_dimension
2954 ;
2955
2956multi_array_dimension:
2957 '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2958 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
2959 | '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2960 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
2961 | multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
2962 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
2963 | multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
2964 { $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
2965 ;
2966
2967// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
2968// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
2969//
2970// int f( int ); // not handled here
2971// int f( int * ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2972// int f( int (*)() ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2973// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
2974//
2975// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
2976// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions. In addition, the pattern handles the
2977// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
2978//
2979// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
2980// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
2981// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
2982//
2983// For example:
2984//
2985// typedef float T;
2986// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2987// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
2988// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2989// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
2990//
2991// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
2992// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
2993// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
2994// functions.
2995
2996abstract_parameter_declarator:
2997 abstract_parameter_ptr
2998 | '&' MUTEX attribute_list_opt
2999 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( DeclarationNode::newTypeQualifier( Type::Mutex ), OperKinds::AddressOf )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
3000 | abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
3001 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3002 | abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
3003 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3004 ;
3005
3006abstract_parameter_ptr:
3007 ptrref_operator
3008 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ); }
3009 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3010 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3011 | ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
3012 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( nullptr, $1 ) ); }
3013 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
3014 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3015 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3016 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3017 ;
3018
3019abstract_parameter_array:
3020 array_parameter_dimension
3021 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
3022 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3023 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3024 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3025 | '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3026 { $$ = $2; }
3027 ;
3028
3029abstract_parameter_function:
3030 '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3031 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
3032 | '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3033 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3034 | '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3035 { $$ = $2; }
3036 ;
3037
3038array_parameter_dimension:
3039 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
3040 array_parameter_1st_dimension
3041 | array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
3042 { $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
3043 | multi_array_dimension
3044 ;
3045
3046// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
3047//
3048// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
3049// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
3050
3051array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3052 '[' ']'
3053 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
3054 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
3055 | '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3056 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3057 | '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
3058 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
3059 // multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
3060 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3061 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3062 | '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
3063 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
3064 | '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
3065 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
3066 ;
3067
3068// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, but does not allow "int ()" for a function pointer.
3069//
3070// struct S {
3071// int;
3072// int *;
3073// int [10];
3074// int (*)();
3075// };
3076
3077variable_abstract_declarator:
3078 variable_abstract_ptr
3079 | variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
3080 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3081 | variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
3082 { $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
3083 ;
3084
3085variable_abstract_ptr:
3086 ptrref_operator
3087 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ); }
3088 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
3089 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ); }
3090 | ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
3091 { $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3092 | ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
3093 { $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2, $1 ) ); }
3094 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' attribute_list_opt
3095 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $4 ); }
3096 ;
3097
3098variable_abstract_array:
3099 array_dimension
3100 | '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
3101 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3102 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
3103 { $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
3104 | '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
3105 { $$ = $2; }
3106 ;
3107
3108variable_abstract_function:
3109 '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
3110 { $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
3111 | '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
3112 { $$ = $2; }
3113 ;
3114
3115// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
3116// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
3117
3118cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3119 cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
3120 | cfa_abstract_tuple
3121 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3122 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3123 ;
3124
3125cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3126 cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3127 | cfa_identifier_parameter_array
3128 ;
3129
3130cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
3131 // No SUE declaration in parameter list.
3132 ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3133 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3134 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier_nobody
3135 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3136 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3137 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3138 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3139 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3140 | ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3141 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3142 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
3143 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3144 ;
3145
3146cfa_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
3147 // Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
3148 // shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
3149 '[' ']' type_specifier_nobody
3150 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3151 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3152 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3153 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3154 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3155 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3156 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3157 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier_nobody
3158 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3159
3160 | '[' ']' cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3161 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3162 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3163 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3164 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3165 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
3166 | cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3167 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3168 | multi_array_dimension cfa_identifier_parameter_ptr
3169 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3170 ;
3171
3172cfa_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
3173 '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
3174 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
3175 | '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3176 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
3177 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3178 // declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
3179 // assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
3180 // appear in this context.
3181 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
3182 | '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
3183 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
3184 ;
3185
3186// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
3187// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
3188//
3189// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
3190// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
3191//
3192// These rules need LR(3):
3193//
3194// cfa_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
3195// '[' cfa_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3196//
3197// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
3198//
3199// [int, int] t;
3200// [int, int] f( int );
3201//
3202// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
3203// cfa_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
3204// lookahead. To accomplish this, cfa_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
3205// duplicated when appearing with cfa_function_specifier.
3206
3207cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
3208 cfa_abstract_tuple
3209 | type_qualifier_list cfa_abstract_tuple
3210 { $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
3211 | cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
3212 ;
3213
3214cfa_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
3215 cfa_abstract_ptr
3216 | cfa_abstract_array
3217 ;
3218
3219cfa_abstract_ptr: // CFA
3220 ptrref_operator type_specifier
3221 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3222 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
3223 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3224 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3225 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3226 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_function
3227 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3228 | ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3229 { $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0, $1 ) ); }
3230 | type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator cfa_abstract_declarator_tuple
3231 { $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1, $2 ) ); }
3232 ;
3233
3234cfa_abstract_array: // CFA
3235 // Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
3236 // empty (void) function return type.
3237 '[' ']' type_specifier
3238 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3239 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3240 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3241 | multi_array_dimension type_specifier
3242 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3243 | '[' ']' cfa_abstract_ptr
3244 { $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3245 | '[' ']' multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3246 { $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
3247 | multi_array_dimension cfa_abstract_ptr
3248 { $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
3249 ;
3250
3251cfa_abstract_tuple: // CFA
3252 '[' push cfa_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
3253 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
3254 ;
3255
3256cfa_abstract_function: // CFA
3257// '[' ']' '(' cfa_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
3258// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
3259 cfa_abstract_tuple '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3260 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3261 | cfa_function_return '(' push cfa_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
3262 { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
3263 ;
3264
3265// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
3266// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
3267//
3268// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
3269// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
3270//
3271// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
3272// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
3273//
3274// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
3275// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
3276
3277//************************* MISCELLANEOUS ********************************
3278
3279comma_opt: // redundant comma
3280 // empty
3281 | ','
3282 ;
3283
3284default_initialize_opt:
3285 // empty
3286 { $$ = nullptr; }
3287 | '=' assignment_expression
3288 { $$ = $2; }
3289 ;
3290
3291%%
3292// ----end of grammar----
3293
3294// Local Variables: //
3295// mode: c++ //
3296// tab-width: 4 //
3297// compile-command: "make install" //
3298// End: //
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