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Last change on this file since fda7e90 was 4cb935e, checked in by Thierry Delisle <tdelisle@…>, 9 years ago
0 and 1 now properly parse and resolve to zero_t and one_t respectively
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 105.5 KB

Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[3a2128f]	12	// Last Modified On : Tue Nov 29 11:35:52 2016
	13	// Update Count : 2069
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[51b73452]	45
	46	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	47
	48	#include <cstdio>
	49	#include <stack>
	50	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	51	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	52	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	53	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	54	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	55	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
[2298f728]	56	using namespace std;
[51b73452]	57
[cbaee0d]	58	extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
[8b7ee09]	59	extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
[0da3e2c]	60	extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
	61
[2298f728]	62	stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
[7bf7fb9]	63
[2298f728]	64	void appendStr( string to, string from ) {
[7bf7fb9]	65	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
[ab57786]	66	to->insert( to->length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
[7bf7fb9]	67	} // appendStr
[51b73452]	68	%}
	69
[c11e31c]	70	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	71
[c11e31c]	72	// keywords
[51b73452]	73	%token TYPEDEF
	74	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	75	%token INLINE // C99
	76	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	77	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	78	%token RESTRICT // C99
	79	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[3a2128f]	80	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED ZERO_T ONE_T
[90c3b1c]	81	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	82	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	83	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	84	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[e7aed49]	85	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	86	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	87	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	88	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	89	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	90	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	91	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	92
[c11e31c]	93	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	94	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	95	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
[1b29996]	96	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	97	// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
	98	// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
	99	// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
	100	%token<tok> REALDECIMALconstant REALFRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
[b87a5ed]	101	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	102
[c11e31c]	103	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	104	%token ARROW // ->
	105	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	106	%token LS RS // << >>
	107	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	108	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	109	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	110
	111	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	112	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	113	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	114	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	115
[e7aed49]	116	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	117
[c11e31c]	118	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	119	%union
	120	{
[b87a5ed]	121	Token tok;
	122	ParseNode *pn;
	123	ExpressionNode *en;
	124	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	125	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	126	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	127	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	128	ConstantExpr *constant;
[2f22cc4]	129	ForCtl *fctl;
[7f5566b]	130	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	131	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	132	OperKinds op;
[ab57786]	133	std::string *str;
[7f5566b]	134	bool flag;
[51b73452]	135	}
	136
[097e2b0]	137	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	138	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[ab57786]	139	%type<constant> string_literal
	140	%type<str> string_literal_list
[51b73452]	141
[c11e31c]	142	// expressions
[d1625f8]	143	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	144	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	145	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	146	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	147	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	148	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	149	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	150	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	151	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	152	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression assignment_opt
	153	%type<fctl> for_control_expression
[51b73452]	154	%type<en> subrange
[7f5566b]	155	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	156	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	157	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	158	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	159
[c11e31c]	160	// statements
[b87a5ed]	161	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	162	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	163	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	164	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	165	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	166	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	167	%type<en> case_value
	168	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	169	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
[1d4580a]	170	%type<sn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	171
[c11e31c]	172	// declarations
[51b73452]	173	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	174	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	175	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	176
	177	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	178	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	179
	180	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	181
	182	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	183
	184	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	185
	186	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	187
[4040425]	188	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	189
	190	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	191	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	192
	193	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	194
	195	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	196	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	197
	198	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	199
	200	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
[8780e30]	201	%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
[51b73452]	202
[4d51835]	203	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	204
	205	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	206	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	207
	208	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	209	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	210	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	211
	212	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	213
[4040425]	214	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	215	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	216
	217	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	218	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	219
	220	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	221
	222	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	223
	224	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	225	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	226
	227	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	228	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	229
[2871210]	230	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	231
[0da3e2c]	232	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
[51b73452]	233
	234	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	235
	236	%type<tclass> type_class
	237	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	238
[2871210]	239	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	240	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	241	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	242	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	243
	244	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	245	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	246
	247	%type<en> type_name_list
	248
	249	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	250
	251	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	252	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	253
[1db21619]	254	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	255
[c11e31c]	256	// initializers
[51b73452]	257	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	258
[c11e31c]	259	// designators
[51b73452]	260	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	261
	262
[b87a5ed]	263	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	264	// is ambiguous:
	265	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	266	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	267	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	268
[c11e31c]	269	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	270	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	271
[b87a5ed]	272	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	273
	274	%%
[c11e31c]	275	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	276
[de62360d]	277	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	278	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	279	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	280	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	281	//
[de62360d]	282	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
[9059213]	283	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
[de62360d]	284	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	285	//
[de62360d]	286	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
[9059213]	287	// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
	288	// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	289	//
[de62360d]	290	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	291	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	292	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	293	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
[9059213]	294	// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
[c11e31c]	295	//
[de62360d]	296	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	297	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	298	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	299	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	300	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	301	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	302	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	303
	304	push:
[ab57786]	305	{ typedefTable.enterScope(); }
[4d51835]	306	;
[51b73452]	307
	308	pop:
[ab57786]	309	{ typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
[4d51835]	310	;
[51b73452]	311
[c11e31c]	312	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	313
	314	constant:
[de62360d]	315	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[ab57786]	316	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	317	\| REALDECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	318	\| REALFRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
[ab57786]	319	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	320	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	321	;
[51b73452]	322
	323	identifier:
[4d51835]	324	IDENTIFIER
	325	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	326	\| zero_one // CFA
	327	;
[51b73452]	328
	329	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	330	IDENTIFIER
	331	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	332	;
[51b73452]	333
	334	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	335	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	336	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	337	;
[51b73452]	338
[b87a5ed]	339	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	340	ZERO
	341	\| ONE
	342	;
[51b73452]	343
[ab57786]	344	string_literal:
	345	string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
	346	;
	347
[b87a5ed]	348	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[ab57786]	349	STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	350	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	351	{
[ab57786]	352	appendStr( $1, $2 ); // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
[7bf7fb9]	353	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
[ab57786]	354	$$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	355	}
[4d51835]	356	;
[51b73452]	357
[c11e31c]	358	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	359
	360	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	361	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	362	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	363	\| zero_one
[4cb935e]	364	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	365	\| tuple
[4d51835]	366	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	367	{ $$ = $2; }
	368	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[1b772749]	369	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	370	;
[51b73452]	371
	372	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	373	primary_expression
	374	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	375	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	376	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	377	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	378	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	379	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	380	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	381	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	382	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	383	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	384	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	385	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	386	\| postfix_expression REALFRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
[8780e30]	387	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	388	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	389	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	390	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	391	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	392	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	393	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	394	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	395	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	396	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	397	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	398	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	399	{
[9706554]	400	Token fn;
[9c23f31]	401	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
[b6fe7e6]	402	$$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	403	}
[4d51835]	404	;
[51b73452]	405
	406	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	407	argument_expression
	408	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[1d4580a]	409	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	410	;
[51b73452]	411
	412	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	413	// empty
	414	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	415	\| assignment_expression
	416	;
[b87a5ed]	417
	418	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	419	field
[1d4580a]	420	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	421	;
[b87a5ed]	422
	423	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[faddbd8]	424	field_name
[1b29996]	425	\| REALDECIMALconstant field
[8780e30]	426	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	427	\| REALDECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
[8780e30]	428	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	429	\| field_name '.' field
[bf32bb8]	430	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	431	\| field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	432	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	433	\| field_name ARROW field
[bf32bb8]	434	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	435	\| field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	436	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	437	;
[51b73452]	438
[faddbd8]	439	field_name:
[1b29996]	440	INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	441	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	442	\| FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	443	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	444	\| no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
[4cb935e]	445	{
	446	if( ($1) == "0" \|\| ($1) == "1" ) {
	447	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ), $2 ) );
	448	} else {
	449	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
	450	}
	451	}
[1b29996]	452	;
	453
	454	fraction_constants:
	455	// empty
[8780e30]	456	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[1b29996]	457	\| fraction_constants REALFRACTIONconstant
[8780e30]	458	{
	459	Expression * constant = build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
	460	$$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
	461	}
[faddbd8]	462	;
	463
[51b73452]	464	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	465	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	466	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	467	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	468	\| constant
	469	{ $$ = $1; }
[ab57786]	470	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	471	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	472	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	473	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	474	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	475	// { * X; } // dereference X
	476	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	477	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	478	{
	479	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	480	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	481	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	482	break;
[d9e2280]	483	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	484	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	485	break;
	486	default:
	487	assert( false );
	488	}
	489	}
[4d51835]	490	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	491	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	492	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	493	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	494	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	495	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	496	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	497	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	498	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	499	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	500	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	501	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	502	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	503	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	504	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	505	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	506	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	507	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	508	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	509	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	510	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	511	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	512	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	513	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	514	;
[51b73452]	515
[dd51906]	516	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	517	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	518	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	519	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	520	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	521	;
	522
[51b73452]	523	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	524	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	525	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	526	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	527	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	528	;
[51b73452]	529
	530	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	531	unary_expression
	532	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	533	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	534	// \| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
	535	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	536	;
[51b73452]	537
	538	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	539	cast_expression
	540	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	541	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	542	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	543	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	544	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	545	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	546	;
[51b73452]	547
	548	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	549	multiplicative_expression
	550	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	551	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	552	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	553	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	554	;
[51b73452]	555
	556	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	557	additive_expression
	558	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	559	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	560	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	561	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	562	;
[51b73452]	563
	564	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	565	shift_expression
	566	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	567	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	568	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	569	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	570	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	571	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	572	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	573	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	574	;
[51b73452]	575
	576	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	577	relational_expression
	578	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	579	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	580	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	581	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	582	;
[51b73452]	583
	584	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	585	equality_expression
	586	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	587	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	588	;
[51b73452]	589
	590	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	591	AND_expression
	592	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	593	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	594	;
[51b73452]	595
	596	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	597	exclusive_OR_expression
	598	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	599	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	600	;
[51b73452]	601
	602	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	603	inclusive_OR_expression
	604	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	605	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	606	;
[51b73452]	607
	608	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	609	logical_AND_expression
	610	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	611	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	612	;
[51b73452]	613
	614	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	615	logical_OR_expression
	616	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	617	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	618	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	619	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	620	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	621	// \| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
	622	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	623	;
[51b73452]	624
	625	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	626	conditional_expression
	627	;
[51b73452]	628
	629	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	630	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	631	conditional_expression
	632	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	633	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[1b29996]	634	// \| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
	635	// { $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	636	;
[51b73452]	637
	638	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	639	// empty
[d1625f8]	640	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	641	\| assignment_expression
	642	;
[b87a5ed]	643
[9706554]	644	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	645	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
[a839867]	646	\| ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
[d9e2280]	647	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	648	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	649	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	650	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	651	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	652	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	653	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	654	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	655	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	656	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[413ad05]	657	;
[9706554]	658
[b87a5ed]	659	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	660	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	661	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[1b29996]	662	// '[' ']'
	663	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
	664	// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	665	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
	666	'[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	667	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	668	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	669	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	670	;
[51b73452]	671
	672	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	673	assignment_expression_opt
	674	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
[1d4580a]	675	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	676	;
[51b73452]	677
	678	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	679	assignment_expression
[9706554]	680	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	681	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	682	;
[51b73452]	683
	684	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	685	// empty
	686	{ $$ = 0; }
	687	\| comma_expression
	688	;
[51b73452]	689
[c11e31c]	690	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	691
	692	statement:
[4d51835]	693	labeled_statement
	694	\| compound_statement
	695	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	696	\| selection_statement
	697	\| iteration_statement
	698	\| jump_statement
	699	\| exception_statement
	700	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	701	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	702	{
[d9e2280]	703	Token fn;
[2298f728]	704	fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[e82aa9df]	705	$$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	706	}
[4d51835]	707	;
[51b73452]	708
	709	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	710	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	711	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	712	{
	713	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	714	}
[4d51835]	715	;
[51b73452]	716
	717	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	718	'{' '}'
[e82aa9df]	719	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	720	\| '{'
[de62360d]	721	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
[3a2128f]	722	// requires its own scope.
[4d51835]	723	push push
[51b1202]	724	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	725	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
[e82aa9df]	726	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	727	;
[b87a5ed]	728
	729	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	730	block_item
	731	\| block_item_list push block_item
[1d4580a]	732	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	733	;
[51b73452]	734
	735	block_item:
[4d51835]	736	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
[e82aa9df]	737	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	738	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	739	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	740	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	741	iter->set_extension( true );
[e82aa9df]	742	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
[8e9cbb2]	743	}
[4d51835]	744	\| function_definition
[e82aa9df]	745	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	746	\| statement pop
	747	;
[51b73452]	748
	749	statement_list:
[4d51835]	750	statement
	751	\| statement_list statement
[1d4580a]	752	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	753	;
[51b73452]	754
	755	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	756	comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	757	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	758	;
[51b73452]	759
	760	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	761	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	762	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[e82aa9df]	763	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	764	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[e82aa9df]	765	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
[4d51835]	766	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	767	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	768	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	769	{
[e82aa9df]	770	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[4e06c1e]	771	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	772	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	773	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	774	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	775	// statement.
[e82aa9df]	776	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	777	}
[4d51835]	778	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	779	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	780	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	781	{
[e82aa9df]	782	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
	783	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	784	}
[4d51835]	785	;
[b87a5ed]	786
[de62360d]	787	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	788	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	789
	790	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	791	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	792	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	793	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	794	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	795	;
[b87a5ed]	796
	797	case_value_list: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	798	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
[064e3ff]	799	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[e82aa9df]	800	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	801	;
[b87a5ed]	802
	803	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	804	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[e82aa9df]	805	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
[4d51835]	806	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	807	;
[b87a5ed]	808
	809	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	810	case_label
[1d4580a]	811	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	812	;
[b87a5ed]	813
	814	case_clause: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	815	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	816	;
[b87a5ed]	817
	818	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	819	// empty
	820	{ $$ = 0; }
	821	\| switch_clause_list
	822	;
[b87a5ed]	823
	824	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	825	case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	826	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	827	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	828	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	829	;
[b87a5ed]	830
	831	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	832	// empty
	833	{ $$ = 0; }
	834	\| choose_clause_list
	835	;
[b87a5ed]	836
	837	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	838	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	839	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	840	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	841	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	842	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[1d4580a]	843	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	844	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	845	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode )$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	846	;
[b87a5ed]	847
	848	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	849	// empty
[ab57786]	850	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	851	\| fall_through
	852	;
[b87a5ed]	853
	854	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	855	FALLTHRU
	856	{ $$ = 0; }
	857	\| FALLTHRU ';'
	858	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	859	;
[51b73452]	860
	861	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	862	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	863	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	864	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[5b639ee]	865	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	866	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	867	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
[4d51835]	868	;
[51b73452]	869
	870	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	871	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	872	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	873	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[2f22cc4]	874	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	875	;
[51b73452]	876
	877	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	878	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[ab57786]	879	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
[4d51835]	880	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	881	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	882	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
[e82aa9df]	883	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	884	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	885	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	886	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	887	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	888	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	889	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	890	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4d51835]	891	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	892	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	893	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	894	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	895	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	896	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	897	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4d51835]	898	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	899	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	900	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
[e82aa9df]	901	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	902	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	903	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	904	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	905	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	906	;
[51b73452]	907
	908	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	909	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[e82aa9df]	910	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	911	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	912	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	913	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	914	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	915	;
[51b73452]	916
	917	handler_list:
[4d51835]	918	handler_clause
[de62360d]	919	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	920	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	921	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	922	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	923	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	924	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	925	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	926	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	927	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	928	;
[51b73452]	929
	930	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	931	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	932	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[4d51835]	933	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[1b772749]	934	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	935	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	936	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	937	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	938	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	939	;
[51b73452]	940
	941	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	942	FINALLY compound_statement
	943	{
[e82aa9df]	944	$$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
[4d51835]	945	}
	946	;
[51b73452]	947
	948	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	949	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	950	//
	951	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	952	//
	953	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	954	type_specifier
	955	\| type_specifier declarator
	956	{
	957	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	958	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	959	}
	960	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	961	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	962	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	963	{
	964	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	965	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	966	}
	967	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	968	;
[51b73452]	969
	970	asm_statement:
[ab57786]	971	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	972	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
[ab57786]	973	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
[e82aa9df]	974	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[ab57786]	975	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	976	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
[ab57786]	977	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	978	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
[ab57786]	979	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	980	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	981	;
	982
	983	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	984	// empty
	985	{ $$ = false; }
	986	\| VOLATILE
	987	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	988	;
[b87a5ed]	989
	990	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	991	// empty
[7f5566b]	992	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	993	\| asm_operands_list
	994	;
[b87a5ed]	995
	996	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	997	asm_operand
	998	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[1d4580a]	999	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	1000	;
[b87a5ed]	1001
	1002	asm_operand: // GCC
[ab57786]	1003	string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	1004	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[ab57786]	1005	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[1b772749]	1006	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	1007	;
	1008
[4e06c1e]	1009	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	1010	// empty
	1011	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[ab57786]	1012	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	1013	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[ab57786]	1014	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
[e82aa9df]	1015	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1016	;
[b87a5ed]	1017
[7f5566b]	1018	label_list:
	1019	no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1020	{
	1021	$$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
	1022	delete $1; // allocated by lexer
	1023	}
[7f5566b]	1024	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1025	{
	1026	$$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
	1027	delete $3; // allocated by lexer
	1028	}
[4d51835]	1029	;
[51b73452]	1030
[c11e31c]	1031	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	1032
[b87a5ed]	1033	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	1034	pop
	1035	{ $$ = 0; }
	1036	\| declaration_list
	1037	;
[51b73452]	1038
	1039	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1040	declaration
	1041	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1042	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1043	;
[51b73452]	1044
[b87a5ed]	1045	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1046	pop
	1047	{ $$ = 0; }
	1048	\| old_declaration_list
	1049	;
[51b73452]	1050
	1051	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1052	old_declaration
	1053	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1054	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1055	;
[b87a5ed]	1056
[51b1202]	1057	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1058	// empty
[51b1202]	1059	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1060	;
[b87a5ed]	1061
[51b1202]	1062	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1063	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1064	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1065	;
[b87a5ed]	1066
[51b1202]	1067	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1068	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1069	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1070	;
[b87a5ed]	1071
	1072	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1073	new_declaration
	1074	\| old_declaration
	1075	;
[b87a5ed]	1076
[de62360d]	1077	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1078	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1079	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1080	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1081	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1082	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1083	//
[b87a5ed]	1084	// CFA C
	1085	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1086	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1087
	1088	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1089	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1090	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1091	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1092	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1093	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1094	;
[b87a5ed]	1095
	1096	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1097	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1098	{
	1099	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1100	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1101	}
	1102	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1103	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1104	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1105	{
	1106	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1107	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1108	}
[2871210]	1109	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1110	{
	1111	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1112	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1113	}
	1114	;
[b87a5ed]	1115
	1116	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1117	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1118	// storage-class
[2871210]	1119	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1120	{
	1121	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1122	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1123	}
[2871210]	1124	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1125	{
	1126	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1127	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1128	}
[2871210]	1129	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1130	{
	1131	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
	1132	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 );
	1133	}
	1134	;
[b87a5ed]	1135
	1136	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1137	new_function_specifier
	1138	{
	1139	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1140	$$ = $1;
	1141	}
	1142	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1143	{
	1144	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1145	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1146	}
	1147	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1148	{
	1149	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1150	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1151	}
	1152	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1153	{
	1154	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1155	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1156	}
[2871210]	1157	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1158	{
	1159	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1160	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1161	}
	1162	;
[b87a5ed]	1163
	1164	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[1b29996]	1165	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
	1166	// {
	1167	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
	1168	// }
[2871210]	1169	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1170	// {
	1171	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1172	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1173	// }
	1174	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1175	// {
	1176	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1177	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1178	// }
	1179	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1180	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1181	//
[2871210]	1182	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1183	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1184	//
[2871210]	1185	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1186	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
[1b29996]	1187	new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1188	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1189	{
	1190	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1191	}
[2871210]	1192	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1193	{
	1194	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1195	}
	1196	;
[b87a5ed]	1197
	1198	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1199	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1200	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1201	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1202	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1203	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1204	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1205	;
[b87a5ed]	1206
	1207	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1208	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1209	{
[de62360d]	1210	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1211	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1212	}
	1213	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1214	{
[de62360d]	1215	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1216	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1217	}
	1218	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1219	{
[de62360d]	1220	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1221	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1222	}
	1223	;
[b87a5ed]	1224
[de62360d]	1225	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1226	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1227
	1228	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1229	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1230	{
[de62360d]	1231	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1232	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1233	}
	1234	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1235	{
[de62360d]	1236	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1237	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1238	}
[de62360d]	1239	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1240	{
[de62360d]	1241	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1242	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1243	}
	1244	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1245	{
[de62360d]	1246	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1247	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1248	}
	1249	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1250	{
[de62360d]	1251	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1252	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1253	}
	1254	;
[b87a5ed]	1255
[721f17a]	1256	typedef_expression:
	1257	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1258	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1259	{
[de62360d]	1260	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1261	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1262	}
	1263	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1264	{
[de62360d]	1265	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1266	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1267	}
	1268	;
[51b73452]	1269
	1270	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1271	declaring_list pop ';'
	1272	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1273	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1274	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1275	;
[51b73452]	1276
	1277	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1278	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1279	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1280	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1281	{
	1282	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1283	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1284	}
	1285	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1286	{
	1287	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1288	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1289	}
	1290	;
[b87a5ed]	1291
	1292	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1293	basic_declaration_specifier
	1294	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1295	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1296	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1297	;
[b87a5ed]	1298
	1299	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1300	basic_type_specifier
	1301	\| sue_type_specifier
	1302	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1303	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1304	;
[b87a5ed]	1305
	1306	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1307	// empty
	1308	{ $$ = 0; }
	1309	\| type_qualifier_list
	1310	;
[51b73452]	1311
	1312	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1313	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1314	//
[de62360d]	1315	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1316	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1317	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1318	type_qualifier
	1319	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1320	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1321	;
[51b73452]	1322
	1323	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1324	type_qualifier_name
	1325	\| attribute
[c1c1112]	1326	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1327	;
[51b73452]	1328
	1329	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1330	CONST
	1331	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1332	\| RESTRICT
	1333	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1334	\| VOLATILE
	1335	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1336	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1337	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1338	\| ATOMIC
	1339	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1340	\| FORALL '('
	1341	{
	1342	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1343	}
	1344	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1345	{
	1346	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1347	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1348	}
	1349	;
[51b73452]	1350
	1351	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1352	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1353	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1354	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1355	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1356	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1357	;
[51b73452]	1358
	1359	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1360	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1361	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1362	//
[de62360d]	1363	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1364	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1365	storage_class
	1366	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1367	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1368	;
[51b73452]	1369
	1370	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1371	EXTERN
	1372	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1373	\| STATIC
	1374	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1375	\| AUTO
	1376	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1377	\| REGISTER
	1378	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1379	\| INLINE // C99
[c1c1112]	1380	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1381	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isInline = true; }
[4d51835]	1382	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1383	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1384	\| NORETURN // C11
[c1c1112]	1385	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1386	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isNoreturn = true; }
[68cd1ce]	1387	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1388	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1389	;
[51b73452]	1390
	1391	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1392	CHAR
	1393	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1394	\| DOUBLE
	1395	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1396	\| FLOAT
	1397	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1398	\| INT
	1399	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1400	\| LONG
[5b639ee]	1401	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
[4d51835]	1402	\| SHORT
[5b639ee]	1403	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
[4d51835]	1404	\| SIGNED
[5b639ee]	1405	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
[4d51835]	1406	\| UNSIGNED
[5b639ee]	1407	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
[4d51835]	1408	\| VOID
	1409	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1410	\| BOOL // C99
	1411	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1412	\| COMPLEX // C99
[5b639ee]	1413	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
[4d51835]	1414	\| IMAGINARY // C99
[5b639ee]	1415	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1416	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1417	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[3a2128f]	1418	\| ZERO_T
[148f7290]	1419	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
[3a2128f]	1420	\| ONE_T
[148f7290]	1421	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
[4d51835]	1422	;
[51b73452]	1423
	1424	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1425	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1426	basic_type_specifier
	1427	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1428	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1429	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1430	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1431	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1432	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1433	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1434	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1435	;
[51b73452]	1436
	1437	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1438	direct_type_name
	1439	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1440	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1441	;
[51b73452]	1442
	1443	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1444	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1445	basic_type_name
	1446	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1447	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1448	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1449	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1450	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1451	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1452	;
[51b73452]	1453
	1454	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1455	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1456	{ $$ = $3; }
	1457	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1458	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1459	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1460	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1461	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1462	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1463	;
[51b73452]	1464
	1465	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1466	sue_type_specifier
	1467	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1468	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1469	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1470	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1471	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1472	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1473	;
[51b73452]	1474
	1475	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1476	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1477	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1478	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1479	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1480	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1481	;
[51b73452]	1482
	1483	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1484	typedef_type_specifier
	1485	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1486	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1487	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1488	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1489	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1490	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1491	;
[b87a5ed]	1492
	1493	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1494	TYPEDEFname
	1495	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1496	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1497	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1498	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1499	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1500	;
[51b73452]	1501
	1502	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1503	aggregate_name
	1504	\| enum_name
	1505	;
[51b73452]	1506
	1507	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1508	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[2298f728]	1509	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, nullptr, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1510	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1511	{
	1512	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[2298f728]	1513	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, nullptr, false );
[45161b4d]	1514	}
	1515	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1516	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1517	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[1b772749]	1518	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1519	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[2298f728]	1520	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1521	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1522	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1523	;
[51b73452]	1524
	1525	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1526	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1527	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1528	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1529	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1530	;
[51b73452]	1531
	1532	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1533	// empty
	1534	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	1535	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[5d125e4]	1536	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1537	;
[51b73452]	1538
	1539	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1540	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1541	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1542	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1543	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1544	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1545	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	1546	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	1547	iter->set_extension( true );
	1548	$$ = $2;
	1549	}
[4d51835]	1550	;
[b87a5ed]	1551
	1552	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1553	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1554	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1555	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1556	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1557	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1558	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1559	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1560	;
[51b73452]	1561
	1562	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1563	type_specifier field_declarator
	1564	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1565	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1566	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1567	;
[51b73452]	1568
	1569	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1570	// empty
	1571	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1572	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1573	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1574	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1575	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1576	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1577	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1578	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1579	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1580	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1581	;
[51b73452]	1582
	1583	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1584	// empty
	1585	{ $$ = 0; }
	1586	\| bit_subrange_size
	1587	{ $$ = $1; }
	1588	;
[51b73452]	1589
	1590	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1591	':' constant_expression
	1592	{ $$ = $2; }
	1593	;
[51b73452]	1594
	1595	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1596	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1597	;
[51b73452]	1598
	1599	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1600	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
[2298f728]	1601	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1602	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1603	{
	1604	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1605	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1606	}
	1607	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1608	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1609	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1610	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1611	;
[51b73452]	1612
	1613	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1614	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1615	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1616	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1617	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1618	;
[51b73452]	1619
	1620	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1621	// empty
	1622	{ $$ = 0; }
	1623	\| '=' constant_expression
	1624	{ $$ = $2; }
	1625	;
[51b73452]	1626
[c11e31c]	1627	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1628
[b87a5ed]	1629	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1630	// empty
	1631	{ $$ = 0; }
	1632	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1633	;
[b87a5ed]	1634
	1635	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1636	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1637	\| new_parameter_list
	1638	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1639	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1640	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1641	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1642	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1643	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1644	;
[b87a5ed]	1645
	1646	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1647	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1648	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1649	new_parameter_declaration
	1650	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1651	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1652	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1653	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1654	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1655	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1656	;
[b87a5ed]	1657
	1658	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1659	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1660	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1661	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1662	;
[51b73452]	1663
	1664	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1665	// empty
	1666	{ $$ = 0; }
	1667	\| parameter_type_list
	1668	;
[51b73452]	1669
	1670	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1671	parameter_list
	1672	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1673	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1674	;
[b87a5ed]	1675
	1676	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1677	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1678	\| parameter_declaration
	1679	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1680	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1681	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1682	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1683	;
[51b73452]	1684
[de62360d]	1685	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1686	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1687
[b87a5ed]	1688	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1689	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1690	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1691	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1692	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1693	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1694	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1695	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1696	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1697	\| new_function_specifier
	1698	;
[b87a5ed]	1699
	1700	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1701	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1702	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1703	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1704	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1705	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1706	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1707	\| new_abstract_function
	1708	;
[51b73452]	1709
	1710	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1711	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1712	{
	1713	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1714	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1715	}
[2871210]	1716	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1717	{
	1718	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1719	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1720	}
	1721	;
[51b73452]	1722
	1723	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1724	declaration_specifier
	1725	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1726	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1727	;
[51b73452]	1728
[c11e31c]	1729	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1730	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1731	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1732
[b87a5ed]	1733	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1734	no_attr_identifier
	1735	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1736	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1737	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1738	;
[51b73452]	1739
[2871210]	1740	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1741	identifier
	1742	\| TYPEDEFname
	1743	\| TYPEGENname
	1744	;
[51b73452]	1745
[2871210]	1746	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1747	no_01_identifier
	1748	\| TYPEDEFname
	1749	\| TYPEGENname
	1750	;
[51b73452]	1751
[2871210]	1752	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1753	no_attr_identifier
	1754	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1755	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1756	;
[b87a5ed]	1757
	1758	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1759	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1760	\| type_specifier
	1761	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1762	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1763	;
[b87a5ed]	1764
	1765	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1766	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1767	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1768	\| type_specifier
	1769	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1770	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1771	;
[51b73452]	1772
	1773	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1774	// empty
	1775	{ $$ = 0; }
[2871210]	1776	\| '=' initializer
	1777	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1778	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1779	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1780	;
[51b73452]	1781
	1782	initializer:
[de62360d]	1783	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1784	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1785	;
[51b73452]	1786
	1787	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1788	// empty
	1789	{ $$ = 0; }
	1790	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1791	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[1d4580a]	1792	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1793	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[1d4580a]	1794	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1795	;
[b87a5ed]	1796
[de62360d]	1797	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1798	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1799	//
[b87a5ed]	1800	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1801	//
[de62360d]	1802	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1803	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1804	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1805	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1806
	1807	designation:
[4d51835]	1808	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1809	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1810	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1811	;
[51b73452]	1812
[b87a5ed]	1813	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1814	designator
[2871210]	1815	\| designator_list designator
[1d4580a]	1816	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
[d1625f8]	1817	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1818	;
[51b73452]	1819
	1820	designator:
[d1625f8]	1821	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1822	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1823	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1824	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1825	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1826	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1827	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1828	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1829	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1830	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1831	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1832	;
[51b73452]	1833
[de62360d]	1834	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1835	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1836	//
	1837	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1838	//
[de62360d]	1839	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1840	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1841	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1842	//
[de62360d]	1843	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1844	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1845	//
	1846	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1847	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1848	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1849	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1850	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1851
[b87a5ed]	1852	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1853	typegen_type_specifier
	1854	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1855	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1856	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1857	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1858	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1859	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1860	;
[b87a5ed]	1861
	1862	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1863	typegen_name
	1864	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1865	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1866	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1867	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1868	;
[b87a5ed]	1869
[2871210]	1870	typegen_name: // CFA
	1871	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1872	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1873	;
	1874
[b87a5ed]	1875	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1876	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1877	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1878	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1879	;
[b87a5ed]	1880
	1881	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1882	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1883	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1884	assertion_list_opt
	1885	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1886	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1887	;
[b87a5ed]	1888
	1889	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1890	OTYPE
[5b639ee]	1891	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
[4d51835]	1892	\| DTYPE
	1893	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1894	\| FTYPE
	1895	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
	1896	;
[b87a5ed]	1897
	1898	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1899	// empty
	1900	{ $$ = 0; }
	1901	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[4e06c1e]	1902	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1903	;
[b87a5ed]	1904
	1905	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1906	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1907	{
[4040425]	1908	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1909	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1910	}
[4040425]	1911	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1912	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1913	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1914	{ $$ = 0; }
	1915	;
[b87a5ed]	1916
	1917	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1918	type_name
[d1625f8]	1919	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1920	\| assignment_expression
	1921	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[1d4580a]	1922	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1923	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[1d4580a]	1924	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1925	;
[b87a5ed]	1926
	1927	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1928	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1929	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1930	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1931	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1932	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1933	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1934	;
[b87a5ed]	1935
	1936	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1937	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1938	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1939	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1940	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1941	;
[b87a5ed]	1942
	1943	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1944	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1945	{
[de62360d]	1946	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1947	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1948	}
[2871210]	1949	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1950	{
[de62360d]	1951	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1952	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1953	}
	1954	;
[b87a5ed]	1955
[4040425]	1956	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1957	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1958	{
[de62360d]	1959	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1960	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1961	}
[4040425]	1962	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1963	{
[4040425]	1964	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1965	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1966	}
[4040425]	1967	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1968	{
[4040425]	1969	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1970	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1971	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1972	}
	1973	;
[b87a5ed]	1974
[4040425]	1975	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1976	trait_declaration
	1977	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1978	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1979	;
[b87a5ed]	1980
[4040425]	1981	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1982	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1983	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1984	;
[b87a5ed]	1985
[4040425]	1986	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1987	new_variable_specifier
	1988	{
	1989	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1990	$$ = $1;
	1991	}
	1992	\| new_function_specifier
	1993	{
	1994	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1995	$$ = $1;
	1996	}
[4040425]	1997	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1998	{
[de62360d]	1999	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	2000	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	2001	}
	2002	;
[b87a5ed]	2003
[4040425]	2004	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	2005	type_specifier declarator
	2006	{
	2007	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2008	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	2009	}
[4040425]	2010	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	2011	{
	2012	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2013	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	2014	}
	2015	;
[51b73452]	2016
[c11e31c]	2017	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	2018
	2019	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	2020	// empty
	2021	{} // empty input file
	2022	\| external_definition_list
[926af74]	2023	{ parseTree = parseTree != nullptr ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
[4d51835]	2024	;
[51b73452]	2025
	2026	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	2027	external_definition
	2028	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[926af74]	2029	{ $$ = $1 != nullptr ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	2030	;
[51b73452]	2031
	2032	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	2033	// empty
	2034	{ $$ = 0; }
	2035	\| external_definition_list
	2036	;
[51b73452]	2037
	2038	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2039	declaration
	2040	\| external_function_definition
	2041	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2042	{}
	2043	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2044	{
[3b8e52c]	2045	linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
[faddbd8]	2046	linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageCheck( $2 );
[4d51835]	2047	}
	2048	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2049	{
	2050	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2051	linkageStack.pop();
	2052	$$ = $5;
	2053	}
	2054	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2055	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	2056	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	2057	iter->set_extension( true );
	2058	$$ = $2;
	2059	}
[4d51835]	2060	;
	2061
	2062	external_function_definition:
	2063	function_definition
[de62360d]	2064	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2065	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2066	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2067	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2068	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2069	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2070	{
	2071	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2072	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2073	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2074	}
	2075	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2076	{
	2077	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2078	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2079	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2080	}
	2081	;
[51b73452]	2082
	2083	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2084	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2085	{
	2086	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2087	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2088	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2089	}
	2090	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2091	{
	2092	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2093	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2094	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2095	}
	2096	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2097	{
	2098	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2099	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2100	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2101	}
	2102	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2103	{
	2104	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2105	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2106	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2107	}
	2108	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2109	{
	2110	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2111	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2112	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2113	}
	2114
	2115	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2116	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2117	{
	2118	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2119	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2120	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2121	}
	2122	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2123	{
	2124	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2125	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2126	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2127	}
	2128
	2129	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2130	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2131	{
	2132	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2133	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2134	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2135	}
	2136	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2137	{
	2138	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2139	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2140	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2141	}
	2142	;
[51b73452]	2143
	2144	declarator:
[4d51835]	2145	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2146	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2147	\| function_declarator
	2148	;
[51b73452]	2149
	2150	subrange:
[4d51835]	2151	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2152	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2153	;
[b87a5ed]	2154
	2155	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2156	// empty
[c1c1112]	2157	\| ASM '(' string_literal_list ')' attribute_list_opt { delete $3; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2158	;
[b87a5ed]	2159
	2160	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2161	// empty
[1db21619]	2162	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2163	\| attribute_list
	2164	;
[b87a5ed]	2165
	2166	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2167	attribute
	2168	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2169	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2170	;
[b87a5ed]	2171
	2172	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2173	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2174	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
	2175	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2176	;
[b87a5ed]	2177
	2178	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2179	attrib
	2180	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2181	;
[b87a5ed]	2182
	2183	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2184	// empty
	2185	\| any_word
[c1c1112]	2186	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')' { delete $3; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2187	;
[b87a5ed]	2188
	2189	any_word: // GCC
[c1c1112]	2190	identifier_or_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2191	\| storage_class { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2192	\| basic_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2193	\| type_qualifier { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2194	;
[51b73452]	2195
[c11e31c]	2196	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2197	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2198	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2199	// in:
[c11e31c]	2200	//
[b87a5ed]	2201	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2202	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2203	//
[de62360d]	2204	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2205	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2206	// ============================================================================
	2207
	2208	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2209	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2210	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2211	//
[b87a5ed]	2212	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2213	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2214	// int f; int f {}
	2215	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2216	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2217	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2218	//
[de62360d]	2219	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2220	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2221	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2222
[de62360d]	2223	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2224	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2225
	2226	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2227	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2228	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2229	\| variable_ptr
	2230	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2231	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2232	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2233	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2234	;
[51b73452]	2235
	2236	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2237	identifier
	2238	{
[de62360d]	2239	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2240	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2241	}
	2242	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2243	{ $$ = $2; }
	2244	;
[51b73452]	2245
	2246	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2247	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2248	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2249	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2250	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2251	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2252	{ $$ = $2; }
	2253	;
[51b73452]	2254
	2255	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2256	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2257	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2258	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2259	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2260	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2261	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2262	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2263	{ $$ = $2; }
	2264	;
[51b73452]	2265
	2266	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2267	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2268	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2269	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2270	{ $$ = $2; }
	2271	;
[51b73452]	2272
[c6b1105]	2273	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2274	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2275	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2276
	2277	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2278	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2279	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2280	\| function_ptr
	2281	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2282	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2283	;
[51b73452]	2284
	2285	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2286	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2287	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2288	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2289	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2290	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2291	{ $$ = $2; }
	2292	;
[51b73452]	2293
	2294	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2295	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2296	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2297	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2298	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2299	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2300	{ $$ = $2; }
	2301	;
[51b73452]	2302
	2303	function_array:
[4d51835]	2304	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2305	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2306	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2307	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2308	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2309	{ $$ = $2; }
	2310	;
[51b73452]	2311
[de62360d]	2312	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2313	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2314	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2315
	2316	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2317	old_function_no_ptr
	2318	\| old_function_ptr
	2319	\| old_function_array
	2320	;
[51b73452]	2321
	2322	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2323	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2324	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2325	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2326	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2327	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2328	{ $$ = $2; }
	2329	;
[51b73452]	2330
	2331	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2332	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2333	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2334	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2335	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2336	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2337	{ $$ = $2; }
	2338	;
[51b73452]	2339
	2340	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2341	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2342	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2343	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2344	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2345	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2346	{ $$ = $2; }
	2347	;
[51b73452]	2348
[2871210]	2349	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2350	//
[b87a5ed]	2351	// typedef int foo;
	2352	// {
	2353	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2354	// }
[c11e31c]	2355	//
[de62360d]	2356	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2357	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2358
[c6b1105]	2359	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2360	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2361	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2362	\| type_ptr
	2363	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2364	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2365	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2366	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2367	;
[51b73452]	2368
[2871210]	2369	paren_type:
	2370	typedef
	2371	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2372	{ $$ = $2; }
	2373	;
[51b73452]	2374
[2871210]	2375	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2376	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2377	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2378	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2379	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2380	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2381	{ $$ = $2; }
	2382	;
[51b73452]	2383
[2871210]	2384	type_array:
	2385	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2386	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2387	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2388	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2389	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2390	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2391	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2392	{ $$ = $2; }
	2393	;
[51b73452]	2394
[2871210]	2395	type_function:
	2396	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2397	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2398	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2399	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2400	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2401	{ $$ = $2; }
	2402	;
[51b73452]	2403
[de62360d]	2404	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2405	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2406	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2407	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2408
	2409	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2410	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2411	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2412	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2413	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2414	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2415	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2416	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2417	;
[51b73452]	2418
	2419	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2420	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2421	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2422	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2423	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2424	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2425	{ $$ = $2; }
	2426	;
[51b73452]	2427
	2428	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2429	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2430	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2431	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2432	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2433	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2434	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2435	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2436	{ $$ = $2; }
	2437	;
[51b73452]	2438
	2439	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2440	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2441	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2442	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2443	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2444	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2445	{ $$ = $2; }
	2446	;
[b87a5ed]	2447
[de62360d]	2448	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2449	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2450	//
[b87a5ed]	2451	// typedef int foo;
	2452	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2453	//
[de62360d]	2454	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2455	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2456	//
[b87a5ed]	2457	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2458	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2459	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2460	//
[c6b1105]	2461	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2462	//
[b87a5ed]	2463	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2464	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2465	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2466	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2467	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2468	//
[de62360d]	2469	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2470	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2471	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2472	// functions.
[51b73452]	2473
[2871210]	2474	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2475	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2476	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2477	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2478	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2479	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2480	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2481	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2482	;
[51b73452]	2483
	2484	typedef:
[4d51835]	2485	TYPEDEFname
	2486	{
[de62360d]	2487	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2488	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2489	}
[2871210]	2490	\| TYPEGENname
	2491	{
	2492	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2493	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2494	}
[4d51835]	2495	;
[51b73452]	2496
[2871210]	2497	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2498	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2499	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2500	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2501	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2502	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2503	{ $$ = $2; }
	2504	;
[51b73452]	2505
[2871210]	2506	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2507	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2508	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2509	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2510	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2511	;
[51b73452]	2512
[2871210]	2513	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2514	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2515	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2516	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2517	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2518	;
[b87a5ed]	2519
[de62360d]	2520	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2521	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2522	//
[b87a5ed]	2523	// sizeof( int );
	2524	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2525	//
[de62360d]	2526	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2527	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2528
	2529	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2530	abstract_ptr
	2531	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2532	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2533	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2534	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2535	;
[51b73452]	2536
	2537	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2538	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2539	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2540	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2541	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2542	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2543	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2544	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2545	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2546	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2547	{ $$ = $2; }
	2548	;
[51b73452]	2549
	2550	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2551	array_dimension
	2552	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2553	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2554	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2555	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2556	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2557	{ $$ = $2; }
	2558	;
[51b73452]	2559
	2560	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2561	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2562	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2563	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2564	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2565	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2566	{ $$ = $2; }
	2567	;
[51b73452]	2568
	2569	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2570	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2571	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2572	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2573	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2574	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2575	\| multi_array_dimension
	2576	;
[51b73452]	2577
	2578	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2579	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2580	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2581	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2582	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2583	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2584	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2585	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2586	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2587	;
[51b73452]	2588
[c11e31c]	2589	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2590	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2591	//
[b87a5ed]	2592	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2593	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2594	//
[de62360d]	2595	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2596	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2597
	2598	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2599	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2600	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2601	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2602	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2603	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2604	;
[51b73452]	2605
	2606	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2607	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2608	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2609	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2610	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2611	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2612	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2613	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2614	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2615	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2616	{ $$ = $2; }
	2617	;
[51b73452]	2618
	2619	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2620	array_parameter_dimension
	2621	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2622	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2623	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2624	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2625	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2626	{ $$ = $2; }
	2627	;
[51b73452]	2628
	2629	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2630	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2631	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2632	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2633	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2634	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2635	{ $$ = $2; }
	2636	;
[51b73452]	2637
	2638	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2639	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2640	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2641	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2642	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2643	\| multi_array_dimension
	2644	;
[51b73452]	2645
[c11e31c]	2646	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2647	//
[de62360d]	2648	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2649	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2650
	2651	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2652	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2653	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2654	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2655	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2656	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2657	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2658	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2659	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2660	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2661	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2662	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2663	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2664	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2665	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2666	;
[b87a5ed]	2667
[de62360d]	2668	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2669	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2670	//
[b87a5ed]	2671	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2672	//
[de62360d]	2673	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2674	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2675
	2676	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2677	variable_abstract_ptr
	2678	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2679	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2680	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2681	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2682	;
[51b73452]	2683
	2684	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2685	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2686	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2687	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2688	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2689	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2690	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2691	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2692	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2693	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2694	{ $$ = $2; }
	2695	;
[51b73452]	2696
	2697	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2698	array_dimension
	2699	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2700	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2701	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2702	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2703	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2704	{ $$ = $2; }
	2705	;
[51b73452]	2706
	2707	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2708	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2709	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2710	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2711	{ $$ = $2; }
	2712	;
[b87a5ed]	2713
[de62360d]	2714	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2715	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2716
	2717	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2718	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2719	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2720	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2721	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2722	;
[b87a5ed]	2723
	2724	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2725	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2726	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2727	;
[b87a5ed]	2728
	2729	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2730	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2731	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2732	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2733	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2734	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2735	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2736	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2737	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2738	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2739	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2740	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2741	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2742	;
[b87a5ed]	2743
	2744	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2745	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2746	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2747	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2748	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2749	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2750	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2751	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2752	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2753	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2754	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2755	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2756	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[9059213]	2757
[2871210]	2758	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2759	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2760	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2761	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2762	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2763	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2764	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2765	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2766	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2767	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2768	;
[51b73452]	2769
	2770	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2771	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2772	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2773	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2774	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2775	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2776	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2777	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2778	// appear in this context.
	2779	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2780	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2781	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2782	;
[b87a5ed]	2783
[de62360d]	2784	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2785	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2786	//
[b87a5ed]	2787	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2788	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2789	//
	2790	// These rules need LR(3):
	2791	//
[2871210]	2792	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2793	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2794	//
	2795	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2796	//
[b87a5ed]	2797	// [int, int] t;
	2798	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2799	//
[2871210]	2800	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2801	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2802	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2803	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2804
	2805	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2806	new_abstract_tuple
	2807	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2808	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2809	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2810	;
[b87a5ed]	2811
	2812	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2813	new_abstract_ptr
	2814	\| new_abstract_array
	2815	;
[b87a5ed]	2816
	2817	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2818	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2819	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2820	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2821	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2822	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2823	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2824	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2825	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2826	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2827	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2828	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2829	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2830	;
[b87a5ed]	2831
	2832	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2833	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2834	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2835	'[' ']' type_specifier
[2298f728]	2836	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2837	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
[2298f728]	2838	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2839	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2840	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2841	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2842	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2843	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2844	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2845	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2846	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2847	;
[b87a5ed]	2848
	2849	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2850	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2851	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2852	;
[b87a5ed]	2853
	2854	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[1b29996]	2855	// '[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2856	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
	2857	new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2858	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2859	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2860	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2861	;
[b87a5ed]	2862
[de62360d]	2863	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2864	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2865	//
[de62360d]	2866	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2867	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2868	//
	2869	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2870	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2871	//
[de62360d]	2872	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2873	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2874
[c11e31c]	2875	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2876
[b87a5ed]	2877	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2878	// empty
	2879	\| ','
	2880	;
[51b73452]	2881
	2882	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2883	// empty
	2884	{ $$ = 0; }
	2885	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2886	{ $$ = $2; }
	2887	;
[51b73452]	2888
	2889	%%
[c11e31c]	2890	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2891
[0da3e2c]	2892	extern char *yytext;
	2893
[5f2f2d7]	2894	void yyerror( const char * ) {
[2298f728]	2895	cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2896	if ( yyfilename ) {
[2298f728]	2897	cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2898	} // if
[2298f728]	2899	cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << endl;
[51b73452]	2900	}
	2901
[c11e31c]	2902	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2903	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2904	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2905	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2906	// End: //

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