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Last change on this file since e85a8631 was 8d2844a, checked in by Thierry Delisle <tdelisle@…>, 9 years ago
finished removing the leaks in fstream with C-only code
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 103.0 KB

Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[8b7ee09]	12	// Last Modified On : Thu Aug 18 23:49:10 2016
	13	// Update Count : 1909
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[51b73452]	45
	46	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	47
	48	#include <cstdio>
	49	#include <stack>
	50	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	51	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	52	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	53	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	54	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	55	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
	56
[cbaee0d]	57	extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
[8b7ee09]	58	extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
[0da3e2c]	59	extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
	60
[8b7ee09]	61	std::stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
[7bf7fb9]	62
	63	void appendStr( std::string &to, std::string *from ) {
	64	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
	65	to.insert( to.length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
	66	} // appendStr
[51b73452]	67	%}
	68
[c11e31c]	69	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	70
[c11e31c]	71	// keywords
[51b73452]	72	%token TYPEDEF
	73	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	74	%token INLINE // C99
	75	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	76	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	77	%token RESTRICT // C99
	78	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[51b73452]	79	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
[90c3b1c]	80	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	81	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	82	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	83	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[e7aed49]	84	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	85	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	86	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	87	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	88	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	89	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	90	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	91
[c11e31c]	92	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	93	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	94	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
	95	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant FLOATINGconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	96	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	97
[c11e31c]	98	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	99	%token ARROW // ->
	100	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	101	%token LS RS // << >>
	102	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	103	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	104	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	105
	106	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	107	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	108	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	109	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	110
[e7aed49]	111	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	112
[c11e31c]	113	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	114	%union
	115	{
[b87a5ed]	116	Token tok;
	117	ParseNode *pn;
	118	ExpressionNode *en;
	119	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	120	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	121	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	122	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	123	ConstantExpr *constant;
[2f22cc4]	124	ForCtl *fctl;
[7f5566b]	125	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	126	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	127	OperKinds op;
[7f5566b]	128	bool flag;
[51b73452]	129	}
	130
[097e2b0]	131	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	132	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[51b73452]	133	%type<constant> string_literal_list
	134
[c11e31c]	135	// expressions
[d1625f8]	136	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	137	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	138	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	139	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	140	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	141	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	142	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	143	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	144	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	145	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression assignment_opt
	146	%type<fctl> for_control_expression
[51b73452]	147	%type<en> subrange
[7f5566b]	148	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	149	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	150	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	151	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	152
[c11e31c]	153	// statements
[b87a5ed]	154	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	155	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	156	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	157	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	158	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	159	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	160	%type<en> case_value
	161	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	162	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
[1d4580a]	163	%type<sn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	164
[c11e31c]	165	// declarations
[51b73452]	166	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	167	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	168	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	169
	170	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	171	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	172
	173	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	174
	175	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	176
	177	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	178
	179	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	180
[4040425]	181	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	182
	183	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	184	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	185
	186	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	187
	188	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	189	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	190
	191	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	192
	193	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
	194	%type<en> field field_list
	195
[4d51835]	196	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	197
	198	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	199	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	200
	201	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	202	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	203	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	204
	205	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	206
[4040425]	207	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	208	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	209
	210	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	211	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	212
	213	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	214
	215	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	216
	217	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	218	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	219
	220	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	221	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	222
[2871210]	223	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	224
[0da3e2c]	225	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
[51b73452]	226
	227	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	228
	229	%type<tclass> type_class
	230	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	231
[2871210]	232	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	233	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	234	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	235	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	236
	237	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	238	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	239
	240	%type<en> type_name_list
	241
	242	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	243
	244	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	245	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	246
[1db21619]	247	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	248
[c11e31c]	249	// initializers
[51b73452]	250	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	251
[c11e31c]	252	// designators
[51b73452]	253	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	254
	255
[b87a5ed]	256	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	257	// is ambiguous:
	258	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	259	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	260	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	261
[c11e31c]	262	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	263	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	264
[b87a5ed]	265	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	266
	267	%%
[c11e31c]	268	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	269
[de62360d]	270	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	271	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	272	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	273	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	274	//
[de62360d]	275	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
	276	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parametrized types. This latter
	277	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	278	//
[de62360d]	279	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
	280	// accesses a data structure (the TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read.
	281	// Semantic actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	282	//
[de62360d]	283	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	284	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	285	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	286	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
	287	// "typedef" or "type" declarations).
[c11e31c]	288	//
[de62360d]	289	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	290	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	291	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	292	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	293	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	294	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	295	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	296
	297	push:
[4d51835]	298	{
	299	typedefTable.enterScope();
	300	}
	301	;
[51b73452]	302
	303	pop:
[4d51835]	304	{
	305	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	306	}
	307	;
[51b73452]	308
[c11e31c]	309	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	310
	311	constant:
[de62360d]	312	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[ac71a86]	313	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( assign_strptr($1) ) ); }
	314	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( assign_strptr($1) ) ); }
	315	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( assign_strptr($1) ) ); }
[4d51835]	316	;
[51b73452]	317
	318	identifier:
[4d51835]	319	IDENTIFIER
	320	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	321	\| zero_one // CFA
	322	;
[51b73452]	323
	324	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	325	IDENTIFIER
	326	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	327	;
[51b73452]	328
	329	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	330	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	331	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	332	;
[51b73452]	333
[b87a5ed]	334	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	335	ZERO
	336	\| ONE
	337	;
[51b73452]	338
[b87a5ed]	339	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[ac71a86]	340	STRINGliteral { $$ = build_constantStr( assign_strptr($1) ); }
[7bf7fb9]	341	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	342	{
[d1625f8]	343	appendStr( $1->get_constant()->get_value(), $2 );
[7bf7fb9]	344	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
	345	$$ = $1;
	346	}
[4d51835]	347	;
[51b73452]	348
[c11e31c]	349	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	350
	351	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	352	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	353	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	354	\| zero_one
[d1625f8]	355	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	356	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	357	{ $$ = $2; }
	358	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[d1625f8]	359	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	360	;
[51b73452]	361
	362	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	363	primary_expression
	364	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	365	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	366	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	367	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	368	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	369	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	370	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	371	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[bd85400]	372	// ambiguity with .0 so space required after field-selection, e.g.
	373	// struct S { int 0, 1; } s; s. 0 = 0; s. 1 = 1;
[4d51835]	374	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	375	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	376	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	377	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	378	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	379	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	380	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	381	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	382	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	383	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	384	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	385	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	386	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	387	{
[9706554]	388	Token fn;
	389	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined
[1d4580a]	390	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) );
[097e2b0]	391	}
[4d51835]	392	;
[51b73452]	393
	394	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	395	argument_expression
	396	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[1d4580a]	397	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	398	;
[51b73452]	399
	400	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	401	// empty
	402	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	403	\| assignment_expression
	404	;
[b87a5ed]	405
	406	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	407	field
[1d4580a]	408	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	409	;
[b87a5ed]	410
	411	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	412	no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	413	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[bd85400]	414	// ambiguity with .0 so space required after field-selection, e.g.
	415	// struct S { int 0, 1; } s; s. 0 = 0; s. 1 = 1;
[4d51835]	416	\| no_attr_identifier '.' field
[d1625f8]	417	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $3, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	418	\| no_attr_identifier '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	419	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $5, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	420	\| no_attr_identifier ARROW field
[d1625f8]	421	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $3, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	422	\| no_attr_identifier ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	423	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $5, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	424	;
[51b73452]	425
	426	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	427	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	428	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	429	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	430	\| constant
	431	{ $$ = $1; }
	432	\| string_literal_list
[d1625f8]	433	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	434	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	435	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	436	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	437	// { * X; } // dereference X
	438	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	439	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	440	{
	441	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	442	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	443	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	444	break;
[d9e2280]	445	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	446	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	447	break;
	448	default:
	449	assert( false );
	450	}
	451	}
[4d51835]	452	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	453	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	454	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	455	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	456	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	457	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	458	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	459	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	460	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	461	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	462	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	463	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	464	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	465	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	466	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	467	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	468	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	469	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	470	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	471	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	472	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	473	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	474	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	475	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	476	;
[51b73452]	477
[dd51906]	478	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	479	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	480	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	481	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	482	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	483	;
	484
[51b73452]	485	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	486	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	487	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	488	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	489	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	490	;
[51b73452]	491
	492	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	493	unary_expression
	494	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	495	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	496	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
[d1625f8]	497	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	498	;
[51b73452]	499
	500	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	501	cast_expression
	502	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	503	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	504	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	505	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	506	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	507	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	508	;
[51b73452]	509
	510	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	511	multiplicative_expression
	512	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	513	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	514	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	515	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	516	;
[51b73452]	517
	518	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	519	additive_expression
	520	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	521	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	522	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	523	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	524	;
[51b73452]	525
	526	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	527	shift_expression
	528	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	529	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	530	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	531	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	532	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	533	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	534	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	535	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	536	;
[51b73452]	537
	538	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	539	relational_expression
	540	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	541	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	542	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	543	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	544	;
[51b73452]	545
	546	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	547	equality_expression
	548	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	549	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	550	;
[51b73452]	551
	552	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	553	AND_expression
	554	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	555	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	556	;
[51b73452]	557
	558	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	559	exclusive_OR_expression
	560	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	561	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	562	;
[51b73452]	563
	564	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	565	inclusive_OR_expression
	566	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	567	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	568	;
[51b73452]	569
	570	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	571	logical_AND_expression
	572	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	573	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	574	;
[51b73452]	575
	576	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	577	logical_OR_expression
	578	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	579	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	580	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	581	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	582	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	583	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
[d1625f8]	584	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	585	;
[51b73452]	586
	587	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	588	conditional_expression
	589	;
[51b73452]	590
	591	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	592	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	593	conditional_expression
	594	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	595	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	596	\| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
[d1625f8]	597	{ $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	598	;
[51b73452]	599
	600	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	601	// empty
[d1625f8]	602	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	603	\| assignment_expression
	604	;
[b87a5ed]	605
[9706554]	606	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	607	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
	608	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	609	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	610	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	611	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	612	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	613	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	614	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	615	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	616	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	617	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[9706554]	618	;
	619
[b87a5ed]	620	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	621	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	622	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[2871210]	623	'[' ']'
[d1625f8]	624	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
[4d51835]	625	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[d1625f8]	626	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	627	\| '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	628	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	629	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	630	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	631	;
[51b73452]	632
	633	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	634	assignment_expression_opt
	635	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
[1d4580a]	636	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	637	;
[51b73452]	638
	639	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	640	assignment_expression
[9706554]	641	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	642	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	643	;
[51b73452]	644
	645	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	646	// empty
	647	{ $$ = 0; }
	648	\| comma_expression
	649	;
[51b73452]	650
[c11e31c]	651	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	652
	653	statement:
[4d51835]	654	labeled_statement
	655	\| compound_statement
	656	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	657	\| selection_statement
	658	\| iteration_statement
	659	\| jump_statement
	660	\| exception_statement
	661	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	662	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	663	{
[d9e2280]	664	Token fn;
	665	fn.str = new std::string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[e82aa9df]	666	$$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	667	}
[4d51835]	668	;
[51b73452]	669
	670	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	671	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	672	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	673	{
	674	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	675	}
[4d51835]	676	;
[51b73452]	677
	678	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	679	'{' '}'
[e82aa9df]	680	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	681	\| '{'
[de62360d]	682	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
	683	// requires its own scope
[4d51835]	684	push push
[51b1202]	685	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	686	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
[e82aa9df]	687	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	688	;
[b87a5ed]	689
	690	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	691	block_item
	692	\| block_item_list push block_item
[1d4580a]	693	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	694	;
[51b73452]	695
	696	block_item:
[4d51835]	697	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
[e82aa9df]	698	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	699	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	700	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	701	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	702	iter->set_extension( true );
[e82aa9df]	703	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
[8e9cbb2]	704	}
[4d51835]	705	\| function_definition
[e82aa9df]	706	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	707	\| statement pop
	708	;
[51b73452]	709
	710	statement_list:
[4d51835]	711	statement
	712	\| statement_list statement
[1d4580a]	713	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	714	;
[51b73452]	715
	716	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	717	comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	718	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	719	;
[51b73452]	720
	721	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	722	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	723	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[e82aa9df]	724	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	725	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[e82aa9df]	726	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
[4d51835]	727	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	728	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	729	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	730	{
[e82aa9df]	731	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[4e06c1e]	732	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	733	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	734	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	735	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	736	// statement.
[e82aa9df]	737	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	738	}
[4d51835]	739	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	740	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	741	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	742	{
[e82aa9df]	743	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
	744	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	745	}
[4d51835]	746	;
[b87a5ed]	747
[de62360d]	748	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	749	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	750
	751	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	752	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	753	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	754	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	755	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	756	;
[b87a5ed]	757
	758	case_value_list: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	759	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
[064e3ff]	760	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[e82aa9df]	761	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	762	;
[b87a5ed]	763
	764	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	765	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[e82aa9df]	766	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
[4d51835]	767	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	768	;
[b87a5ed]	769
	770	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	771	case_label
[1d4580a]	772	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	773	;
[b87a5ed]	774
	775	case_clause: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	776	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	777	;
[b87a5ed]	778
	779	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	780	// empty
	781	{ $$ = 0; }
	782	\| switch_clause_list
	783	;
[b87a5ed]	784
	785	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	786	case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	787	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	788	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	789	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	790	;
[b87a5ed]	791
	792	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	793	// empty
	794	{ $$ = 0; }
	795	\| choose_clause_list
	796	;
[b87a5ed]	797
	798	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	799	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	800	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	801	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	802	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	803	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[1d4580a]	804	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	805	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	806	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode )$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	807	;
[b87a5ed]	808
	809	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	810	// empty
[e82aa9df]	811	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( "", BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	812	\| fall_through
	813	;
[b87a5ed]	814
	815	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	816	FALLTHRU
	817	{ $$ = 0; }
	818	\| FALLTHRU ';'
	819	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	820	;
[51b73452]	821
	822	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	823	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	824	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	825	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	826	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	827	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	828	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
[4d51835]	829	;
[51b73452]	830
	831	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	832	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	833	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	834	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[2f22cc4]	835	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	836	;
[51b73452]	837
	838	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	839	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[ac71a86]	840	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( assign_strptr($2), BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
[4d51835]	841	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	842	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	843	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
[e82aa9df]	844	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	845	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	846	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[e82aa9df]	847	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( "", BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	848	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	849	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	850	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ac71a86]	851	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( assign_strptr($2), BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4d51835]	852	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	853	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[e82aa9df]	854	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( "", BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	855	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	856	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	857	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ac71a86]	858	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( assign_strptr($2), BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4d51835]	859	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	860	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	861	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
[e82aa9df]	862	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	863	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	864	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	865	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	866	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	867	;
[51b73452]	868
	869	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	870	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[e82aa9df]	871	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	872	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	873	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	874	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	875	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	876	;
[51b73452]	877
	878	handler_list:
[4d51835]	879	handler_clause
[de62360d]	880	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	881	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	882	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	883	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	884	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	885	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	886	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	887	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	888	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	889	;
[51b73452]	890
	891	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	892	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	893	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[4d51835]	894	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	895	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	896	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	897	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	898	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	899	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	900	;
[51b73452]	901
	902	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	903	FINALLY compound_statement
	904	{
[e82aa9df]	905	$$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
[4d51835]	906	}
	907	;
[51b73452]	908
	909	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	910	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	911	//
	912	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	913	//
	914	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	915	type_specifier
	916	\| type_specifier declarator
	917	{
	918	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	919	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	920	}
	921	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	922	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	923	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	924	{
	925	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	926	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	927	}
	928	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	929	;
[51b73452]	930
	931	asm_statement:
[7f5566b]	932	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	933	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	934	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
[e82aa9df]	935	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	936	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	937	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	938	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	939	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	940	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal_list ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	941	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	942	;
	943
	944	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	945	// empty
	946	{ $$ = false; }
	947	\| VOLATILE
	948	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	949	;
[b87a5ed]	950
	951	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	952	// empty
[7f5566b]	953	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	954	\| asm_operands_list
	955	;
[b87a5ed]	956
	957	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	958	asm_operand
	959	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[1d4580a]	960	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	961	;
[b87a5ed]	962
	963	asm_operand: // GCC
[7f5566b]	964	string_literal_list '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	965	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	966	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal_list '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	967	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	968	;
	969
[4e06c1e]	970	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	971	// empty
	972	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	973	\| string_literal_list
[d1625f8]	974	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[7f5566b]	975	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal_list
[e82aa9df]	976	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	977	;
[b87a5ed]	978
[7f5566b]	979	label_list:
	980	no_attr_identifier
[ac71a86]	981	{ $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( assign_strptr($1) ); }
[7f5566b]	982	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
[ac71a86]	983	{ $$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( assign_strptr($3) ); }
[4d51835]	984	;
[51b73452]	985
[c11e31c]	986	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	987
[b87a5ed]	988	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	989	pop
	990	{ $$ = 0; }
	991	\| declaration_list
	992	;
[51b73452]	993
	994	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	995	declaration
	996	\| declaration_list push declaration
	997	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	998	;
[51b73452]	999
[b87a5ed]	1000	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1001	pop
	1002	{ $$ = 0; }
	1003	\| old_declaration_list
	1004	;
[51b73452]	1005
	1006	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1007	old_declaration
	1008	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1009	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1010	;
[b87a5ed]	1011
[51b1202]	1012	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1013	// empty
[51b1202]	1014	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1015	;
[b87a5ed]	1016
[51b1202]	1017	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1018	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1019	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1020	;
[b87a5ed]	1021
[51b1202]	1022	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1023	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1024	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1025	;
[b87a5ed]	1026
	1027	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1028	new_declaration
	1029	\| old_declaration
	1030	;
[b87a5ed]	1031
[de62360d]	1032	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1033	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1034	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1035	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1036	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1037	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1038	//
[b87a5ed]	1039	// CFA C
	1040	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1041	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1042
	1043	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1044	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1045	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1046	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1047	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1048	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1049	;
[b87a5ed]	1050
	1051	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1052	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1053	{
	1054	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1055	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1056	}
	1057	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1058	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1059	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1060	{
	1061	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1062	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1063	}
[2871210]	1064	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1065	{
	1066	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1067	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1068	}
	1069	;
[b87a5ed]	1070
	1071	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1072	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1073	// storage-class
[2871210]	1074	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1075	{
	1076	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1077	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1078	}
[2871210]	1079	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1080	{
	1081	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1082	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1083	}
[2871210]	1084	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1085	{
	1086	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
	1087	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 );
	1088	}
	1089	;
[b87a5ed]	1090
	1091	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1092	new_function_specifier
	1093	{
	1094	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1095	$$ = $1;
	1096	}
	1097	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1098	{
	1099	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1100	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1101	}
	1102	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1103	{
	1104	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1105	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1106	}
	1107	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1108	{
	1109	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1110	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1111	}
[2871210]	1112	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1113	{
	1114	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1115	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1116	}
	1117	;
[b87a5ed]	1118
	1119	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1120	'[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
[4d51835]	1121	{
[2871210]	1122	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
[4d51835]	1123	}
[2871210]	1124	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1125	// {
	1126	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1127	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1128	// }
	1129	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1130	// {
	1131	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1132	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1133	// }
	1134	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1135	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1136	//
[2871210]	1137	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1138	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1139	//
[2871210]	1140	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1141	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
	1142	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1143	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1144	{
	1145	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1146	}
[2871210]	1147	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1148	{
	1149	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1150	}
	1151	;
[b87a5ed]	1152
	1153	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1154	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1155	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1156	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1157	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1158	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1159	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1160	;
[b87a5ed]	1161
	1162	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1163	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1164	{
[de62360d]	1165	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1166	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1167	}
	1168	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1169	{
[de62360d]	1170	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1171	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1172	}
	1173	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1174	{
[de62360d]	1175	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1176	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1177	}
	1178	;
[b87a5ed]	1179
[de62360d]	1180	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1181	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1182
	1183	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1184	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1185	{
[de62360d]	1186	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1187	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1188	}
	1189	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1190	{
[de62360d]	1191	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1192	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1193	}
[de62360d]	1194	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1195	{
[de62360d]	1196	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1197	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1198	}
	1199	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1200	{
[de62360d]	1201	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1202	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1203	}
	1204	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1205	{
[de62360d]	1206	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1207	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1208	}
	1209	;
[b87a5ed]	1210
[721f17a]	1211	typedef_expression:
	1212	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1213	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1214	{
[de62360d]	1215	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1216	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1217	}
	1218	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1219	{
[de62360d]	1220	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1221	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1222	}
	1223	;
[51b73452]	1224
	1225	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1226	declaring_list pop ';'
	1227	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1228	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1229	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1230	;
[51b73452]	1231
	1232	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1233	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1234	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1235	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1236	{
	1237	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1238	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1239	}
	1240	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1241	{
	1242	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1243	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1244	}
	1245	;
[b87a5ed]	1246
	1247	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1248	basic_declaration_specifier
	1249	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1250	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1251	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1252	;
[b87a5ed]	1253
	1254	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1255	basic_type_specifier
	1256	\| sue_type_specifier
	1257	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1258	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1259	;
[b87a5ed]	1260
	1261	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1262	// empty
	1263	{ $$ = 0; }
	1264	\| type_qualifier_list
	1265	;
[51b73452]	1266
	1267	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1268	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1269	//
[de62360d]	1270	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1271	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1272	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1273	type_qualifier
	1274	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1275	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1276	;
[51b73452]	1277
	1278	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1279	type_qualifier_name
	1280	\| attribute
[1db21619]	1281	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1282	;
[51b73452]	1283
	1284	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1285	CONST
	1286	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1287	\| RESTRICT
	1288	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1289	\| VOLATILE
	1290	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1291	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1292	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1293	\| ATOMIC
	1294	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1295	\| FORALL '('
	1296	{
	1297	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1298	}
	1299	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1300	{
	1301	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1302	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1303	}
	1304	;
[51b73452]	1305
	1306	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1307	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1308	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1309	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1310	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1311	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1312	;
[51b73452]	1313
	1314	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1315	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1316	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1317	//
[de62360d]	1318	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1319	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1320	storage_class
	1321	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1322	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1323	;
[51b73452]	1324
	1325	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1326	EXTERN
	1327	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1328	\| STATIC
	1329	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1330	\| AUTO
	1331	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1332	\| REGISTER
	1333	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1334	\| INLINE // C99
	1335	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1336	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1337	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1338	\| NORETURN // C11
	1339	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1340	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1341	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1342	;
[51b73452]	1343
	1344	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1345	CHAR
	1346	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1347	\| DOUBLE
	1348	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1349	\| FLOAT
	1350	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1351	\| INT
	1352	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1353	\| LONG
	1354	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
	1355	\| SHORT
	1356	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
	1357	\| SIGNED
	1358	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
	1359	\| UNSIGNED
	1360	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
	1361	\| VOID
	1362	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1363	\| BOOL // C99
	1364	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1365	\| COMPLEX // C99
	1366	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
	1367	\| IMAGINARY // C99
	1368	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1369	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1370	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[4d51835]	1371	;
[51b73452]	1372
	1373	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1374	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1375	basic_type_specifier
	1376	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1377	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1378	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1379	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1380	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1381	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1382	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1383	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1384	;
[51b73452]	1385
	1386	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1387	direct_type_name
	1388	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1389	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1390	;
[51b73452]	1391
	1392	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1393	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1394	basic_type_name
	1395	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1396	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1397	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1398	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1399	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1400	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1401	;
[51b73452]	1402
	1403	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1404	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1405	{ $$ = $3; }
	1406	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1407	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1408	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1409	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1410	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1411	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1412	;
[51b73452]	1413
	1414	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1415	sue_type_specifier
	1416	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1417	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1418	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1419	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1420	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1421	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1422	;
[51b73452]	1423
	1424	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1425	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1426	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1427	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1428	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1429	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1430	;
[51b73452]	1431
	1432	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1433	typedef_type_specifier
	1434	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1435	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1436	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1437	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1438	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1439	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1440	;
[b87a5ed]	1441
	1442	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1443	TYPEDEFname
	1444	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1445	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1446	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1447	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1448	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1449	;
[51b73452]	1450
	1451	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1452	aggregate_name
	1453	\| enum_name
	1454	;
[51b73452]	1455
	1456	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1457	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[5d125e4]	1458	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, 0, 0, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1459	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1460	{
	1461	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[5d125e4]	1462	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, 0, 0, false );
[45161b4d]	1463	}
	1464	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1465	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1466	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[5d125e4]	1467	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, 0, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1468	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[5d125e4]	1469	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, 0, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1470	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1471	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1472	;
[51b73452]	1473
	1474	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1475	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1476	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1477	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1478	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1479	;
[51b73452]	1480
	1481	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1482	// empty
	1483	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	1484	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[5d125e4]	1485	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1486	;
[51b73452]	1487
	1488	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1489	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1490	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1491	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1492	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1493	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1494	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	1495	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	1496	iter->set_extension( true );
	1497	$$ = $2;
	1498	}
[4d51835]	1499	;
[b87a5ed]	1500
	1501	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1502	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1503	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1504	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1505	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1506	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1507	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1508	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1509	;
[51b73452]	1510
	1511	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1512	type_specifier field_declarator
	1513	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1514	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1515	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1516	;
[51b73452]	1517
	1518	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1519	// empty
	1520	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1521	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1522	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1523	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1524	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1525	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1526	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1527	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1528	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1529	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1530	;
[51b73452]	1531
	1532	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1533	// empty
	1534	{ $$ = 0; }
	1535	\| bit_subrange_size
	1536	{ $$ = $1; }
	1537	;
[51b73452]	1538
	1539	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1540	':' constant_expression
	1541	{ $$ = $2; }
	1542	;
[51b73452]	1543
	1544	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1545	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1546	;
[51b73452]	1547
	1548	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1549	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1550	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( 0, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1551	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1552	{
	1553	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1554	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1555	}
	1556	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1557	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1558	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1559	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1560	;
[51b73452]	1561
	1562	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1563	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1564	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1565	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1566	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1567	;
[51b73452]	1568
	1569	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1570	// empty
	1571	{ $$ = 0; }
	1572	\| '=' constant_expression
	1573	{ $$ = $2; }
	1574	;
[51b73452]	1575
[c11e31c]	1576	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1577
[b87a5ed]	1578	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1579	// empty
	1580	{ $$ = 0; }
	1581	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1582	;
[b87a5ed]	1583
	1584	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1585	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1586	\| new_parameter_list
	1587	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1588	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1589	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1590	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1591	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1592	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1593	;
[b87a5ed]	1594
	1595	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1596	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1597	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1598	new_parameter_declaration
	1599	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1600	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1601	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1602	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1603	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1604	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1605	;
[b87a5ed]	1606
	1607	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1608	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1609	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1610	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1611	;
[51b73452]	1612
	1613	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1614	// empty
	1615	{ $$ = 0; }
	1616	\| parameter_type_list
	1617	;
[51b73452]	1618
	1619	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1620	parameter_list
	1621	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1622	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1623	;
[b87a5ed]	1624
	1625	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1626	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1627	\| parameter_declaration
	1628	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1629	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1630	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1631	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1632	;
[51b73452]	1633
[de62360d]	1634	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1635	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1636
[b87a5ed]	1637	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1638	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1639	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1640	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1641	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1642	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1643	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1644	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1645	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1646	\| new_function_specifier
	1647	;
[b87a5ed]	1648
	1649	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1650	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1651	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1652	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1653	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1654	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1655	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1656	\| new_abstract_function
	1657	;
[51b73452]	1658
	1659	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1660	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1661	{
	1662	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1663	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1664	}
[2871210]	1665	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1666	{
	1667	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1668	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1669	}
	1670	;
[51b73452]	1671
	1672	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1673	declaration_specifier
	1674	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1675	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1676	;
[51b73452]	1677
[c11e31c]	1678	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1679	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1680	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1681
[b87a5ed]	1682	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1683	no_attr_identifier
	1684	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1685	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1686	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1687	;
[51b73452]	1688
[2871210]	1689	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1690	identifier
	1691	\| TYPEDEFname
	1692	\| TYPEGENname
	1693	;
[51b73452]	1694
[2871210]	1695	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1696	no_01_identifier
	1697	\| TYPEDEFname
	1698	\| TYPEGENname
	1699	;
[51b73452]	1700
[2871210]	1701	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1702	no_attr_identifier
	1703	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1704	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1705	;
[b87a5ed]	1706
	1707	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1708	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1709	\| type_specifier
	1710	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1711	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1712	;
[b87a5ed]	1713
	1714	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1715	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1716	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1717	\| type_specifier
	1718	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1719	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1720	;
[51b73452]	1721
	1722	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1723	// empty
	1724	{ $$ = 0; }
[2871210]	1725	\| '=' initializer
	1726	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1727	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1728	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1729	;
[51b73452]	1730
	1731	initializer:
[de62360d]	1732	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1733	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1734	;
[51b73452]	1735
	1736	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1737	// empty
	1738	{ $$ = 0; }
	1739	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1740	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[1d4580a]	1741	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1742	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[1d4580a]	1743	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1744	;
[b87a5ed]	1745
[de62360d]	1746	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1747	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1748	//
[b87a5ed]	1749	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1750	//
[de62360d]	1751	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1752	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1753	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1754	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1755
	1756	designation:
[4d51835]	1757	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1758	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1759	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1760	;
[51b73452]	1761
[b87a5ed]	1762	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1763	designator
[2871210]	1764	\| designator_list designator
[1d4580a]	1765	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
[d1625f8]	1766	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1767	;
[51b73452]	1768
	1769	designator:
[d1625f8]	1770	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1771	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1772	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1773	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1774	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1775	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1776	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1777	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1778	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1779	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1780	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1781	;
[51b73452]	1782
[de62360d]	1783	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1784	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1785	//
	1786	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1787	//
[de62360d]	1788	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1789	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1790	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1791	//
[de62360d]	1792	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1793	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1794	//
	1795	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1796	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1797	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1798	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1799	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1800
[b87a5ed]	1801	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1802	typegen_type_specifier
	1803	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1804	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1805	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1806	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1807	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1808	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1809	;
[b87a5ed]	1810
	1811	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1812	typegen_name
	1813	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1814	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1815	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1816	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1817	;
[b87a5ed]	1818
[2871210]	1819	typegen_name: // CFA
	1820	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1821	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1822	;
	1823
[b87a5ed]	1824	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1825	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1826	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1827	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1828	;
[b87a5ed]	1829
	1830	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1831	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1832	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1833	assertion_list_opt
	1834	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1835	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1836	;
[b87a5ed]	1837
	1838	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1839	OTYPE
[4d51835]	1840	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Type; }
	1841	\| DTYPE
	1842	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1843	\| FTYPE
	1844	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
	1845	;
[b87a5ed]	1846
	1847	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1848	// empty
	1849	{ $$ = 0; }
	1850	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[4e06c1e]	1851	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1852	;
[b87a5ed]	1853
	1854	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1855	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1856	{
[4040425]	1857	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1858	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1859	}
[4040425]	1860	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1861	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1862	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1863	{ $$ = 0; }
	1864	;
[b87a5ed]	1865
	1866	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1867	type_name
[d1625f8]	1868	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1869	\| assignment_expression
	1870	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[1d4580a]	1871	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1872	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[1d4580a]	1873	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1874	;
[b87a5ed]	1875
	1876	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1877	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1878	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1879	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1880	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1881	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1882	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1883	;
[b87a5ed]	1884
	1885	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1886	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1887	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1888	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1889	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1890	;
[b87a5ed]	1891
	1892	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1893	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1894	{
[de62360d]	1895	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1896	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1897	}
[2871210]	1898	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1899	{
[de62360d]	1900	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1901	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1902	}
	1903	;
[b87a5ed]	1904
[4040425]	1905	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1906	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1907	{
[de62360d]	1908	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1909	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1910	}
[4040425]	1911	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1912	{
[4040425]	1913	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1914	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1915	}
[4040425]	1916	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1917	{
[4040425]	1918	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1919	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1920	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1921	}
	1922	;
[b87a5ed]	1923
[4040425]	1924	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1925	trait_declaration
	1926	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1927	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1928	;
[b87a5ed]	1929
[4040425]	1930	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1931	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1932	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1933	;
[b87a5ed]	1934
[4040425]	1935	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1936	new_variable_specifier
	1937	{
	1938	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1939	$$ = $1;
	1940	}
	1941	\| new_function_specifier
	1942	{
	1943	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1944	$$ = $1;
	1945	}
[4040425]	1946	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1947	{
[de62360d]	1948	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	1949	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1950	}
	1951	;
[b87a5ed]	1952
[4040425]	1953	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1954	type_specifier declarator
	1955	{
	1956	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1957	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	1958	}
[4040425]	1959	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	1960	{
	1961	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1962	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	1963	}
	1964	;
[51b73452]	1965
[c11e31c]	1966	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	1967
	1968	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	1969	// empty
	1970	{} // empty input file
	1971	\| external_definition_list
[926af74]	1972	{ parseTree = parseTree != nullptr ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
[4d51835]	1973	;
[51b73452]	1974
	1975	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	1976	external_definition
	1977	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[926af74]	1978	{ $$ = $1 != nullptr ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	1979	;
[51b73452]	1980
	1981	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1982	// empty
	1983	{ $$ = 0; }
	1984	\| external_definition_list
	1985	;
[51b73452]	1986
	1987	external_definition:
[4d51835]	1988	declaration
	1989	\| external_function_definition
	1990	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	1991	{}
	1992	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	1993	{
[3b8e52c]	1994	linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
[ac71a86]	1995	linkage = LinkageSpec::fromString( assign_strptr($2) );
[4d51835]	1996	}
	1997	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	1998	{
	1999	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2000	linkageStack.pop();
	2001	$$ = $5;
	2002	}
	2003	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2004	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	2005	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	2006	iter->set_extension( true );
	2007	$$ = $2;
	2008	}
[4d51835]	2009	;
	2010
	2011	external_function_definition:
	2012	function_definition
[de62360d]	2013	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2014	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2015	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2016	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2017	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2018	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2019	{
	2020	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2021	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2022	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2023	}
	2024	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2025	{
	2026	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2027	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2028	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2029	}
	2030	;
[51b73452]	2031
	2032	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2033	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2034	{
	2035	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2036	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2037	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2038	}
	2039	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2040	{
	2041	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2042	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2043	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2044	}
	2045	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2046	{
	2047	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2048	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2049	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2050	}
	2051	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2052	{
	2053	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2054	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2055	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2056	}
	2057	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2058	{
	2059	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2060	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2061	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2062	}
	2063
	2064	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2065	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2066	{
	2067	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2068	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2069	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2070	}
	2071	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2072	{
	2073	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2074	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2075	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2076	}
	2077
	2078	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2079	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2080	{
	2081	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2082	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2083	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2084	}
	2085	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2086	{
	2087	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2088	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2089	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2090	}
	2091	;
[51b73452]	2092
	2093	declarator:
[4d51835]	2094	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2095	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2096	\| function_declarator
	2097	;
[51b73452]	2098
	2099	subrange:
[4d51835]	2100	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2101	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2102	;
[b87a5ed]	2103
	2104	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2105	// empty
	2106	\| ASM '(' string_literal_list ')' attribute_list_opt
[8d2844a]	2107	{ delete $3; }
[4d51835]	2108	;
[b87a5ed]	2109
	2110	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2111	// empty
[1db21619]	2112	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2113	\| attribute_list
	2114	;
[b87a5ed]	2115
	2116	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2117	attribute
	2118	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2119	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2120	;
[b87a5ed]	2121
	2122	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2123	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2124	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
	2125	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2126	;
[b87a5ed]	2127
	2128	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2129	attrib
	2130	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2131	;
[b87a5ed]	2132
	2133	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2134	// empty
	2135	\| any_word
	2136	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')'
[8d2844a]	2137	{ delete $3; }
[4d51835]	2138	;
[b87a5ed]	2139
	2140	any_word: // GCC
[2037f82]	2141	identifier_or_type_name { delete $1; }
	2142	\| storage_class { delete $1; }
	2143	\| basic_type_name { delete $1; }
	2144	\| type_qualifier { delete $1; }
[4d51835]	2145	;
[51b73452]	2146
[c11e31c]	2147	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2148	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2149	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2150	// in:
[c11e31c]	2151	//
[b87a5ed]	2152	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2153	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2154	//
[de62360d]	2155	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2156	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2157	// ============================================================================
	2158
	2159	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2160	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2161	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2162	//
[b87a5ed]	2163	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2164	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2165	// int f; int f {}
	2166	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2167	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2168	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2169	//
[de62360d]	2170	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2171	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2172	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2173
[de62360d]	2174	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2175	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2176
	2177	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2178	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2179	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2180	\| variable_ptr
	2181	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2182	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2183	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2184	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2185	;
[51b73452]	2186
	2187	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2188	identifier
	2189	{
[de62360d]	2190	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2191	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2192	}
	2193	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2194	{ $$ = $2; }
	2195	;
[51b73452]	2196
	2197	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2198	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2199	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2200	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2201	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2202	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2203	{ $$ = $2; }
	2204	;
[51b73452]	2205
	2206	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2207	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2208	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2209	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2210	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2211	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2212	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2213	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2214	{ $$ = $2; }
	2215	;
[51b73452]	2216
	2217	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2218	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2219	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2220	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2221	{ $$ = $2; }
	2222	;
[51b73452]	2223
[c6b1105]	2224	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2225	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2226	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2227
	2228	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2229	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2230	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2231	\| function_ptr
	2232	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2233	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2234	;
[51b73452]	2235
	2236	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2237	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2238	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2239	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2240	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2241	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2242	{ $$ = $2; }
	2243	;
[51b73452]	2244
	2245	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2246	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2247	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2248	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2249	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2250	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2251	{ $$ = $2; }
	2252	;
[51b73452]	2253
	2254	function_array:
[4d51835]	2255	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2256	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2257	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2258	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2259	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2260	{ $$ = $2; }
	2261	;
[51b73452]	2262
[de62360d]	2263	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2264	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2265	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2266
	2267	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2268	old_function_no_ptr
	2269	\| old_function_ptr
	2270	\| old_function_array
	2271	;
[51b73452]	2272
	2273	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2274	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2275	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2276	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2277	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2278	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2279	{ $$ = $2; }
	2280	;
[51b73452]	2281
	2282	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2283	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2284	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2285	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2286	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2287	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2288	{ $$ = $2; }
	2289	;
[51b73452]	2290
	2291	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2292	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2293	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2294	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2295	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2296	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2297	{ $$ = $2; }
	2298	;
[51b73452]	2299
[2871210]	2300	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2301	//
[b87a5ed]	2302	// typedef int foo;
	2303	// {
	2304	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2305	// }
[c11e31c]	2306	//
[de62360d]	2307	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2308	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2309
[c6b1105]	2310	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2311	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2312	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2313	\| type_ptr
	2314	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2315	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2316	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2317	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2318	;
[51b73452]	2319
[2871210]	2320	paren_type:
	2321	typedef
	2322	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2323	{ $$ = $2; }
	2324	;
[51b73452]	2325
[2871210]	2326	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2327	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2328	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2329	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2330	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2331	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2332	{ $$ = $2; }
	2333	;
[51b73452]	2334
[2871210]	2335	type_array:
	2336	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2337	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2338	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2339	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2340	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2341	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2342	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2343	{ $$ = $2; }
	2344	;
[51b73452]	2345
[2871210]	2346	type_function:
	2347	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2348	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2349	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2350	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2351	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2352	{ $$ = $2; }
	2353	;
[51b73452]	2354
[de62360d]	2355	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2356	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2357	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2358	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2359
	2360	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2361	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2362	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2363	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2364	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2365	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2366	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2367	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2368	;
[51b73452]	2369
	2370	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2371	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2372	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2373	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2374	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2375	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2376	{ $$ = $2; }
	2377	;
[51b73452]	2378
	2379	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2380	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2381	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2382	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2383	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2384	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2385	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2386	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2387	{ $$ = $2; }
	2388	;
[51b73452]	2389
	2390	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2391	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2392	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2393	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2394	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2395	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2396	{ $$ = $2; }
	2397	;
[b87a5ed]	2398
[de62360d]	2399	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2400	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2401	//
[b87a5ed]	2402	// typedef int foo;
	2403	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2404	//
[de62360d]	2405	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2406	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2407	//
[b87a5ed]	2408	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2409	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2410	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2411	//
[c6b1105]	2412	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2413	//
[b87a5ed]	2414	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2415	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2416	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2417	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2418	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2419	//
[de62360d]	2420	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2421	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2422	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2423	// functions.
[51b73452]	2424
[2871210]	2425	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2426	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2427	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2428	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2429	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2430	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2431	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2432	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2433	;
[51b73452]	2434
	2435	typedef:
[4d51835]	2436	TYPEDEFname
	2437	{
[de62360d]	2438	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2439	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2440	}
[2871210]	2441	\| TYPEGENname
	2442	{
	2443	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2444	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2445	}
[4d51835]	2446	;
[51b73452]	2447
[2871210]	2448	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2449	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2450	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2451	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2452	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2453	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2454	{ $$ = $2; }
	2455	;
[51b73452]	2456
[2871210]	2457	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2458	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2459	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2460	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2461	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2462	;
[51b73452]	2463
[2871210]	2464	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2465	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2466	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2467	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2468	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2469	;
[b87a5ed]	2470
[de62360d]	2471	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2472	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2473	//
[b87a5ed]	2474	// sizeof( int );
	2475	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2476	//
[de62360d]	2477	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2478	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2479
	2480	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2481	abstract_ptr
	2482	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2483	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2484	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2485	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2486	;
[51b73452]	2487
	2488	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2489	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2490	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2491	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2492	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2493	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2494	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2495	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2496	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2497	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2498	{ $$ = $2; }
	2499	;
[51b73452]	2500
	2501	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2502	array_dimension
	2503	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2504	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2505	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2506	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2507	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2508	{ $$ = $2; }
	2509	;
[51b73452]	2510
	2511	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2512	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2513	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, 0, $3, 0 ); }
	2514	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2515	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2516	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2517	{ $$ = $2; }
	2518	;
[51b73452]	2519
	2520	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2521	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2522	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2523	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2524	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2525	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2526	\| multi_array_dimension
	2527	;
[51b73452]	2528
	2529	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2530	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2531	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2532	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2533	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2534	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2535	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2536	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2537	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2538	;
[51b73452]	2539
[c11e31c]	2540	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2541	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2542	//
[b87a5ed]	2543	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2544	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2545	//
[de62360d]	2546	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2547	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2548
	2549	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2550	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2551	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2552	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2553	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2554	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2555	;
[51b73452]	2556
	2557	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2558	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2559	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2560	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2561	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2562	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2563	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2564	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2565	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2566	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2567	{ $$ = $2; }
	2568	;
[51b73452]	2569
	2570	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2571	array_parameter_dimension
	2572	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2573	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2574	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2575	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2576	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2577	{ $$ = $2; }
	2578	;
[51b73452]	2579
	2580	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2581	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2582	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, 0, $3, 0 ); }
	2583	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2584	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2585	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2586	{ $$ = $2; }
	2587	;
[51b73452]	2588
	2589	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2590	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2591	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2592	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2593	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2594	\| multi_array_dimension
	2595	;
[51b73452]	2596
[c11e31c]	2597	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2598	//
[de62360d]	2599	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2600	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2601
	2602	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2603	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2604	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2605	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2606	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2607	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2608	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2609	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2610	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2611	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2612	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2613	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2614	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2615	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2616	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2617	;
[b87a5ed]	2618
[de62360d]	2619	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2620	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2621	//
[b87a5ed]	2622	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2623	//
[de62360d]	2624	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2625	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2626
	2627	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2628	variable_abstract_ptr
	2629	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2630	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2631	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2632	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2633	;
[51b73452]	2634
	2635	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2636	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2637	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2638	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2639	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2640	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2641	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2642	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2643	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2644	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2645	{ $$ = $2; }
	2646	;
[51b73452]	2647
	2648	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2649	array_dimension
	2650	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2651	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2652	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2653	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2654	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2655	{ $$ = $2; }
	2656	;
[51b73452]	2657
	2658	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2659	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2660	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2661	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2662	{ $$ = $2; }
	2663	;
[b87a5ed]	2664
[de62360d]	2665	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2666	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2667
	2668	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2669	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2670	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2671	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2672	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2673	;
[b87a5ed]	2674
	2675	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2676	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2677	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2678	;
[b87a5ed]	2679
	2680	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2681	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2682	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2683	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2684	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2685	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2686	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2687	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2688	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2689	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2690	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2691	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2692	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2693	;
[b87a5ed]	2694
	2695	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2696	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2697	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2698	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2699	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2700	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2701	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2702	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2703	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2704	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2705	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2706	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2707	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2708	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2709	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2710	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2711	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2712	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2713	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2714	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2715	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2716	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2717	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2718	;
[51b73452]	2719
	2720	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2721	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2722	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2723	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2724	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2725	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2726	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2727	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2728	// appear in this context.
	2729	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2730	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2731	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2732	;
[b87a5ed]	2733
[de62360d]	2734	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2735	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2736	//
[b87a5ed]	2737	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2738	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2739	//
	2740	// These rules need LR(3):
	2741	//
[2871210]	2742	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2743	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2744	//
	2745	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2746	//
[b87a5ed]	2747	// [int, int] t;
	2748	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2749	//
[2871210]	2750	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2751	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2752	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2753	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2754
	2755	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2756	new_abstract_tuple
	2757	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2758	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2759	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2760	;
[b87a5ed]	2761
	2762	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2763	new_abstract_ptr
	2764	\| new_abstract_array
	2765	;
[b87a5ed]	2766
	2767	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2768	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2769	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2770	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2771	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2772	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2773	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2774	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2775	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2776	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2777	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2778	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2779	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2780	;
[b87a5ed]	2781
	2782	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2783	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2784	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2785	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2786	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
	2787	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2788	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2789	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2790	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2791	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
	2792	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
	2793	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2794	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2795	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2796	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2797	;
[b87a5ed]	2798
	2799	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2800	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2801	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2802	;
[b87a5ed]	2803
	2804	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[2871210]	2805	'[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2806	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $4, 0 ); }
[4d51835]	2807	\| new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2808	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, $1, $4, 0 ); }
	2809	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2810	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, $1, $4, 0 ); }
	2811	;
[b87a5ed]	2812
[de62360d]	2813	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2814	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2815	//
[de62360d]	2816	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2817	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2818	//
	2819	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2820	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2821	//
[de62360d]	2822	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2823	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2824
[c11e31c]	2825	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2826
[b87a5ed]	2827	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2828	// empty
	2829	\| ','
	2830	;
[51b73452]	2831
	2832	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2833	// empty
	2834	{ $$ = 0; }
	2835	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2836	{ $$ = $2; }
	2837	;
[51b73452]	2838
	2839	%%
[c11e31c]	2840	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2841
[0da3e2c]	2842	extern char *yytext;
	2843
[5f2f2d7]	2844	void yyerror( const char * ) {
	2845	std::cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2846	if ( yyfilename ) {
[45161b4d]	2847	std::cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2848	} // if
[b1d6dd5]	2849	std::cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << std::endl;
[51b73452]	2850	}
	2851
[c11e31c]	2852	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2853	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2854	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2855	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2856	// End: //

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