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Last change on this file since cc640aad was 58dd019, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 9 years ago
add asm_name clause to declarations
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 105.8 KB

Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[58dd019]	12	// Last Modified On : Tue Dec 13 14:14:52 2016
	13	// Update Count : 2081
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[51b73452]	45
	46	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	47
	48	#include <cstdio>
	49	#include <stack>
	50	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	51	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	52	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	53	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	54	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	55	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
[2298f728]	56	using namespace std;
[51b73452]	57
[cbaee0d]	58	extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
[8b7ee09]	59	extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
[0da3e2c]	60	extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
	61
[2298f728]	62	stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
[7bf7fb9]	63
[2298f728]	64	void appendStr( string to, string from ) {
[7bf7fb9]	65	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
[ab57786]	66	to->insert( to->length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
[7bf7fb9]	67	} // appendStr
[51b73452]	68	%}
	69
[c11e31c]	70	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	71
[c11e31c]	72	// keywords
[51b73452]	73	%token TYPEDEF
	74	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	75	%token INLINE // C99
	76	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	77	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	78	%token RESTRICT // C99
	79	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[3a2128f]	80	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED ZERO_T ONE_T
[90c3b1c]	81	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	82	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	83	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	84	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[e7aed49]	85	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	86	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	87	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	88	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	89	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	90	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	91	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	92
[c11e31c]	93	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	94	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	95	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
[1b29996]	96	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	97	// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
	98	// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
	99	// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
	100	%token<tok> REALDECIMALconstant REALFRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
[b87a5ed]	101	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	102
[c11e31c]	103	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	104	%token ARROW // ->
	105	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	106	%token LS RS // << >>
	107	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	108	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	109	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	110
	111	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	112	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	113	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	114	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	115
[e7aed49]	116	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	117
[c11e31c]	118	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	119	%union
	120	{
[b87a5ed]	121	Token tok;
	122	ParseNode *pn;
	123	ExpressionNode *en;
	124	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	125	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	126	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	127	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	128	ConstantExpr *constant;
[2f22cc4]	129	ForCtl *fctl;
[7f5566b]	130	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	131	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	132	OperKinds op;
[ab57786]	133	std::string *str;
[7f5566b]	134	bool flag;
[51b73452]	135	}
	136
[097e2b0]	137	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	138	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[ab57786]	139	%type<constant> string_literal
	140	%type<str> string_literal_list
[51b73452]	141
[c11e31c]	142	// expressions
[d1625f8]	143	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	144	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	145	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	146	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	147	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	148	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	149	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	150	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	151	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	152	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression assignment_opt
	153	%type<fctl> for_control_expression
[51b73452]	154	%type<en> subrange
[58dd019]	155	%type<constant> asm_name_opt
[7f5566b]	156	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	157	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	158	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	159	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	160
[c11e31c]	161	// statements
[b87a5ed]	162	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	163	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	164	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	165	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	166	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	167	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	168	%type<en> case_value
	169	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	170	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
[1d4580a]	171	%type<sn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	172
[c11e31c]	173	// declarations
[51b73452]	174	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	175	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	176	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	177
	178	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	179	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	180
	181	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	182
	183	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	184
	185	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	186
	187	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	188
[4040425]	189	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	190
	191	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	192	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	193
	194	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	195
	196	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	197	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	198
	199	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	200
	201	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
[8780e30]	202	%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
[51b73452]	203
[4d51835]	204	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	205
	206	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	207	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	208
	209	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	210	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	211	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	212
	213	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	214
[4040425]	215	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	216	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	217
	218	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	219	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	220
	221	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	222
	223	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	224
	225	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	226	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	227
	228	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	229	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	230
[2871210]	231	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	232
[0da3e2c]	233	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
[51b73452]	234
	235	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	236
	237	%type<tclass> type_class
	238	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	239
[2871210]	240	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	241	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	242	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	243	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	244
	245	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	246	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	247
	248	%type<en> type_name_list
	249
	250	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	251
	252	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	253	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	254
[1db21619]	255	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	256
[c11e31c]	257	// initializers
[51b73452]	258	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	259
[c11e31c]	260	// designators
[51b73452]	261	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	262
	263
[b87a5ed]	264	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	265	// is ambiguous:
	266	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	267	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	268	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	269
[c11e31c]	270	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	271	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	272
[b87a5ed]	273	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	274
	275	%%
[c11e31c]	276	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	277
[de62360d]	278	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	279	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	280	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	281	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	282	//
[de62360d]	283	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
[9059213]	284	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
[de62360d]	285	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	286	//
[de62360d]	287	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
[9059213]	288	// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
	289	// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	290	//
[de62360d]	291	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	292	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	293	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	294	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
[9059213]	295	// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
[c11e31c]	296	//
[de62360d]	297	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	298	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	299	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	300	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	301	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	302	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	303	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	304
	305	push:
[ab57786]	306	{ typedefTable.enterScope(); }
[4d51835]	307	;
[51b73452]	308
	309	pop:
[ab57786]	310	{ typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
[4d51835]	311	;
[51b73452]	312
[c11e31c]	313	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	314
	315	constant:
[de62360d]	316	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[ab57786]	317	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	318	\| REALDECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	319	\| REALFRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
[ab57786]	320	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	321	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	322	;
[51b73452]	323
	324	identifier:
[4d51835]	325	IDENTIFIER
	326	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	327	\| zero_one // CFA
	328	;
[51b73452]	329
	330	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	331	IDENTIFIER
	332	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	333	;
[51b73452]	334
	335	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	336	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	337	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	338	;
[51b73452]	339
[b87a5ed]	340	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	341	ZERO
	342	\| ONE
	343	;
[51b73452]	344
[ab57786]	345	string_literal:
	346	string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
	347	;
	348
[b87a5ed]	349	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[ab57786]	350	STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	351	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	352	{
[ab57786]	353	appendStr( $1, $2 ); // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
[7bf7fb9]	354	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
[ab57786]	355	$$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	356	}
[4d51835]	357	;
[51b73452]	358
[c11e31c]	359	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	360
	361	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	362	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	363	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	364	\| zero_one
[4cb935e]	365	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	366	\| tuple
[4d51835]	367	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	368	{ $$ = $2; }
	369	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[1b772749]	370	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	371	;
[51b73452]	372
	373	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	374	primary_expression
	375	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	376	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	377	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	378	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	379	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	380	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	381	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	382	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	383	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	384	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	385	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	386	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	387	\| postfix_expression REALFRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
[8780e30]	388	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	389	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	390	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	391	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	392	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	393	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	394	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	395	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	396	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	397	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	398	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	399	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	400	{
[9706554]	401	Token fn;
[9c23f31]	402	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
[b6fe7e6]	403	$$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	404	}
[4d51835]	405	;
[51b73452]	406
	407	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	408	argument_expression
	409	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[1d4580a]	410	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	411	;
[51b73452]	412
	413	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	414	// empty
[58dd019]	415	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	416	\| assignment_expression
	417	;
[b87a5ed]	418
	419	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	420	field
[1d4580a]	421	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	422	;
[b87a5ed]	423
	424	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[faddbd8]	425	field_name
[1b29996]	426	\| REALDECIMALconstant field
[8780e30]	427	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	428	\| REALDECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
[8780e30]	429	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	430	\| field_name '.' field
[bf32bb8]	431	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	432	\| field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	433	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	434	\| field_name ARROW field
[bf32bb8]	435	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	436	\| field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	437	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	438	;
[51b73452]	439
[faddbd8]	440	field_name:
[1b29996]	441	INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	442	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	443	\| FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	444	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	445	\| no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
[4cb935e]	446	{
	447	if( ($1) == "0" \|\| ($1) == "1" ) {
	448	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ), $2 ) );
	449	} else {
	450	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
	451	}
	452	}
[1b29996]	453	;
	454
	455	fraction_constants:
	456	// empty
[8780e30]	457	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[1b29996]	458	\| fraction_constants REALFRACTIONconstant
[8780e30]	459	{
	460	Expression * constant = build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
	461	$$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
	462	}
[faddbd8]	463	;
	464
[51b73452]	465	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	466	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	467	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	468	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	469	\| constant
	470	{ $$ = $1; }
[ab57786]	471	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	472	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	473	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	474	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	475	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	476	// { * X; } // dereference X
	477	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	478	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	479	{
	480	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	481	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	482	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	483	break;
[d9e2280]	484	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	485	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	486	break;
	487	default:
	488	assert( false );
	489	}
	490	}
[4d51835]	491	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	492	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	493	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	494	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	495	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	496	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	497	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	498	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	499	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	500	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	501	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	502	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	503	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	504	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	505	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	506	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	507	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	508	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	509	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	510	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	511	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	512	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	513	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	514	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	515	;
[51b73452]	516
[dd51906]	517	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	518	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	519	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	520	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	521	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	522	;
	523
[51b73452]	524	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	525	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	526	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	527	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	528	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	529	;
[51b73452]	530
	531	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	532	unary_expression
	533	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	534	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	535	// \| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
	536	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	537	;
[51b73452]	538
	539	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	540	cast_expression
	541	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	542	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	543	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	544	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	545	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	546	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	547	;
[51b73452]	548
	549	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	550	multiplicative_expression
	551	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	552	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	553	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	554	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	555	;
[51b73452]	556
	557	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	558	additive_expression
	559	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	560	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	561	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	562	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	563	;
[51b73452]	564
	565	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	566	shift_expression
	567	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	568	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	569	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	570	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	571	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	572	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	573	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	574	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	575	;
[51b73452]	576
	577	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	578	relational_expression
	579	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	580	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	581	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	582	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	583	;
[51b73452]	584
	585	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	586	equality_expression
	587	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	588	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	589	;
[51b73452]	590
	591	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	592	AND_expression
	593	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	594	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	595	;
[51b73452]	596
	597	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	598	exclusive_OR_expression
	599	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	600	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	601	;
[51b73452]	602
	603	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	604	inclusive_OR_expression
	605	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	606	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	607	;
[51b73452]	608
	609	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	610	logical_AND_expression
	611	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	612	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	613	;
[51b73452]	614
	615	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	616	logical_OR_expression
	617	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	618	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	619	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	620	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	621	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	622	// \| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
	623	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	624	;
[51b73452]	625
	626	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	627	conditional_expression
	628	;
[51b73452]	629
	630	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	631	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	632	conditional_expression
	633	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	634	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[1b29996]	635	// \| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
	636	// { $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	637	;
[51b73452]	638
	639	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	640	// empty
[d1625f8]	641	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	642	\| assignment_expression
	643	;
[b87a5ed]	644
[9706554]	645	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	646	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
[a839867]	647	\| ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
[d9e2280]	648	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	649	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	650	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	651	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	652	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	653	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	654	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	655	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	656	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	657	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[413ad05]	658	;
[9706554]	659
[b87a5ed]	660	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	661	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	662	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[1b29996]	663	// '[' ']'
	664	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
	665	// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	666	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
	667	'[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	668	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	669	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	670	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	671	;
[51b73452]	672
	673	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	674	assignment_expression_opt
	675	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
[1d4580a]	676	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	677	;
[51b73452]	678
	679	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	680	assignment_expression
[9706554]	681	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	682	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	683	;
[51b73452]	684
	685	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	686	// empty
[58dd019]	687	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	688	\| comma_expression
	689	;
[51b73452]	690
[c11e31c]	691	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	692
	693	statement:
[4d51835]	694	labeled_statement
	695	\| compound_statement
	696	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	697	\| selection_statement
	698	\| iteration_statement
	699	\| jump_statement
	700	\| exception_statement
	701	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	702	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	703	{
[d9e2280]	704	Token fn;
[2298f728]	705	fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[e82aa9df]	706	$$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	707	}
[4d51835]	708	;
[51b73452]	709
	710	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	711	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	712	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	713	{
	714	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	715	}
[4d51835]	716	;
[51b73452]	717
	718	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	719	'{' '}'
[e82aa9df]	720	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	721	\| '{'
[de62360d]	722	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
[3a2128f]	723	// requires its own scope.
[4d51835]	724	push push
[51b1202]	725	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	726	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
[e82aa9df]	727	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	728	;
[b87a5ed]	729
	730	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	731	block_item
	732	\| block_item_list push block_item
[1d4580a]	733	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	734	;
[51b73452]	735
	736	block_item:
[4d51835]	737	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
[e82aa9df]	738	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	739	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	740	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	741	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	742	iter->set_extension( true );
[e82aa9df]	743	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
[8e9cbb2]	744	}
[4d51835]	745	\| function_definition
[e82aa9df]	746	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	747	\| statement pop
	748	;
[51b73452]	749
	750	statement_list:
[4d51835]	751	statement
	752	\| statement_list statement
[1d4580a]	753	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	754	;
[51b73452]	755
	756	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	757	comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	758	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	759	;
[51b73452]	760
	761	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	762	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	763	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[e82aa9df]	764	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	765	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[e82aa9df]	766	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
[4d51835]	767	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	768	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	769	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	770	{
[e82aa9df]	771	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[4e06c1e]	772	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	773	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	774	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	775	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	776	// statement.
[e82aa9df]	777	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	778	}
[4d51835]	779	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	780	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	781	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	782	{
[e82aa9df]	783	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
	784	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	785	}
[4d51835]	786	;
[b87a5ed]	787
[de62360d]	788	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	789	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	790
	791	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	792	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	793	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	794	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	795	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	796	;
[b87a5ed]	797
	798	case_value_list: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	799	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
[064e3ff]	800	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[e82aa9df]	801	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	802	;
[b87a5ed]	803
	804	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	805	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[e82aa9df]	806	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
[4d51835]	807	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	808	;
[b87a5ed]	809
	810	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	811	case_label
[1d4580a]	812	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	813	;
[b87a5ed]	814
	815	case_clause: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	816	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	817	;
[b87a5ed]	818
	819	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	820	// empty
[58dd019]	821	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	822	\| switch_clause_list
	823	;
[b87a5ed]	824
	825	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	826	case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	827	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	828	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	829	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	830	;
[b87a5ed]	831
	832	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	833	// empty
[58dd019]	834	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	835	\| choose_clause_list
	836	;
[b87a5ed]	837
	838	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	839	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	840	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	841	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	842	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	843	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[1d4580a]	844	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	845	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	846	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode )$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	847	;
[b87a5ed]	848
	849	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	850	// empty
[ab57786]	851	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	852	\| fall_through
	853	;
[b87a5ed]	854
	855	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	856	FALLTHRU
[58dd019]	857	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4e06c1e]	858	\| FALLTHRU ';'
[58dd019]	859	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	860	;
[51b73452]	861
	862	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	863	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	864	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	865	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[5b639ee]	866	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	867	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	868	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
[4d51835]	869	;
[51b73452]	870
	871	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	872	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	873	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	874	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[2f22cc4]	875	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	876	;
[51b73452]	877
	878	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	879	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[ab57786]	880	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
[4d51835]	881	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	882	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	883	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
[e82aa9df]	884	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	885	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	886	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	887	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	888	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	889	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	890	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	891	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4d51835]	892	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	893	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	894	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	895	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	896	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	897	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	898	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4d51835]	899	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	900	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	901	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
[e82aa9df]	902	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	903	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	904	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	905	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	906	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	907	;
[51b73452]	908
	909	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	910	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[e82aa9df]	911	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	912	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	913	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	914	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	915	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	916	;
[51b73452]	917
	918	handler_list:
[4d51835]	919	handler_clause
[de62360d]	920	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	921	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	922	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	923	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	924	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	925	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	926	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	927	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	928	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	929	;
[51b73452]	930
	931	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	932	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	933	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[4d51835]	934	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[1b772749]	935	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	936	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	937	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	938	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	939	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	940	;
[51b73452]	941
	942	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	943	FINALLY compound_statement
	944	{
[e82aa9df]	945	$$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
[4d51835]	946	}
	947	;
[51b73452]	948
	949	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	950	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	951	//
	952	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	953	//
	954	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	955	type_specifier
	956	\| type_specifier declarator
	957	{
	958	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	959	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	960	}
	961	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	962	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	963	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	964	{
	965	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	966	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	967	}
	968	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	969	;
[51b73452]	970
	971	asm_statement:
[ab57786]	972	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	973	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
[ab57786]	974	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
[e82aa9df]	975	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[ab57786]	976	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	977	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
[ab57786]	978	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	979	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
[ab57786]	980	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	981	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	982	;
	983
	984	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	985	// empty
	986	{ $$ = false; }
	987	\| VOLATILE
	988	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	989	;
[b87a5ed]	990
	991	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	992	// empty
[58dd019]	993	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	994	\| asm_operands_list
	995	;
[b87a5ed]	996
	997	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	998	asm_operand
	999	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[1d4580a]	1000	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	1001	;
[b87a5ed]	1002
	1003	asm_operand: // GCC
[ab57786]	1004	string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	1005	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[ab57786]	1006	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[1b772749]	1007	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	1008	;
	1009
[4e06c1e]	1010	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	1011	// empty
[58dd019]	1012	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[ab57786]	1013	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	1014	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[ab57786]	1015	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
[e82aa9df]	1016	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1017	;
[b87a5ed]	1018
[7f5566b]	1019	label_list:
	1020	no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1021	{
	1022	$$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
	1023	delete $1; // allocated by lexer
	1024	}
[7f5566b]	1025	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1026	{
	1027	$$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
	1028	delete $3; // allocated by lexer
	1029	}
[4d51835]	1030	;
[51b73452]	1031
[c11e31c]	1032	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	1033
[b87a5ed]	1034	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	1035	pop
[58dd019]	1036	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1037	\| declaration_list
	1038	;
[51b73452]	1039
	1040	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1041	declaration
	1042	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1043	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1044	;
[51b73452]	1045
[b87a5ed]	1046	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1047	pop
[58dd019]	1048	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1049	\| old_declaration_list
	1050	;
[51b73452]	1051
	1052	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1053	old_declaration
	1054	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1055	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1056	;
[b87a5ed]	1057
[51b1202]	1058	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1059	// empty
[51b1202]	1060	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1061	;
[b87a5ed]	1062
[51b1202]	1063	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1064	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1065	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1066	;
[b87a5ed]	1067
[51b1202]	1068	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1069	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1070	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1071	;
[b87a5ed]	1072
	1073	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1074	new_declaration
	1075	\| old_declaration
	1076	;
[b87a5ed]	1077
[de62360d]	1078	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1079	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1080	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1081	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1082	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1083	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1084	//
[b87a5ed]	1085	// CFA C
	1086	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1087	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1088
	1089	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1090	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1091	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1092	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1093	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1094	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1095	;
[b87a5ed]	1096
	1097	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1098	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1099	{
	1100	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1101	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1102	}
	1103	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1104	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1105	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1106	{
	1107	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1108	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1109	}
[2871210]	1110	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1111	{
	1112	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1113	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1114	}
	1115	;
[b87a5ed]	1116
	1117	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1118	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1119	// storage-class
[2871210]	1120	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1121	{
	1122	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
[58dd019]	1123	$$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
[4d51835]	1124	}
[2871210]	1125	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1126	{
	1127	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
[58dd019]	1128	$$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
[4d51835]	1129	}
[2871210]	1130	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1131	{
	1132	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
[58dd019]	1133	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
[4d51835]	1134	}
	1135	;
[b87a5ed]	1136
	1137	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1138	new_function_specifier
	1139	{
	1140	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1141	$$ = $1;
	1142	}
	1143	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1144	{
	1145	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1146	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1147	}
	1148	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1149	{
	1150	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1151	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1152	}
	1153	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1154	{
	1155	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1156	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1157	}
[2871210]	1158	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1159	{
	1160	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1161	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1162	}
	1163	;
[b87a5ed]	1164
	1165	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[1b29996]	1166	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
	1167	// {
	1168	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
	1169	// }
[2871210]	1170	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1171	// {
	1172	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1173	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1174	// }
	1175	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1176	// {
	1177	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1178	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1179	// }
	1180	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1181	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1182	//
[2871210]	1183	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1184	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1185	//
[2871210]	1186	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1187	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
[1b29996]	1188	new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1189	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1190	{
	1191	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1192	}
[2871210]	1193	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1194	{
	1195	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1196	}
	1197	;
[b87a5ed]	1198
	1199	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1200	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1201	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1202	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1203	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1204	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1205	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1206	;
[b87a5ed]	1207
	1208	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1209	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1210	{
[de62360d]	1211	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1212	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1213	}
	1214	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1215	{
[de62360d]	1216	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1217	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1218	}
	1219	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1220	{
[de62360d]	1221	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1222	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1223	}
	1224	;
[b87a5ed]	1225
[de62360d]	1226	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1227	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1228
	1229	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1230	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1231	{
[de62360d]	1232	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1233	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1234	}
	1235	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1236	{
[de62360d]	1237	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1238	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1239	}
[de62360d]	1240	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1241	{
[de62360d]	1242	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1243	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1244	}
	1245	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1246	{
[de62360d]	1247	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1248	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1249	}
	1250	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1251	{
[de62360d]	1252	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1253	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1254	}
	1255	;
[b87a5ed]	1256
[721f17a]	1257	typedef_expression:
	1258	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1259	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1260	{
[de62360d]	1261	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1262	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1263	}
	1264	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1265	{
[de62360d]	1266	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1267	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1268	}
	1269	;
[51b73452]	1270
	1271	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1272	declaring_list pop ';'
	1273	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1274	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1275	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1276	;
[51b73452]	1277
	1278	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1279	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1280	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1281	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1282	{
	1283	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[58dd019]	1284	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1285	}
	1286	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1287	{
	1288	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[58dd019]	1289	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1290	}
	1291	;
[b87a5ed]	1292
	1293	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1294	basic_declaration_specifier
	1295	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1296	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1297	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1298	;
[b87a5ed]	1299
	1300	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1301	basic_type_specifier
	1302	\| sue_type_specifier
	1303	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1304	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1305	;
[b87a5ed]	1306
	1307	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1308	// empty
[58dd019]	1309	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1310	\| type_qualifier_list
	1311	;
[51b73452]	1312
	1313	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1314	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1315	//
[de62360d]	1316	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1317	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1318	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1319	type_qualifier
	1320	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1321	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1322	;
[51b73452]	1323
	1324	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1325	type_qualifier_name
	1326	\| attribute
[c1c1112]	1327	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1328	;
[51b73452]	1329
	1330	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1331	CONST
	1332	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1333	\| RESTRICT
	1334	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1335	\| VOLATILE
	1336	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1337	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1338	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1339	\| ATOMIC
	1340	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1341	\| FORALL '('
	1342	{
	1343	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1344	}
	1345	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1346	{
	1347	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1348	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1349	}
	1350	;
[51b73452]	1351
	1352	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1353	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1354	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1355	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1356	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1357	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1358	;
[51b73452]	1359
	1360	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1361	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1362	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1363	//
[de62360d]	1364	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1365	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1366	storage_class
	1367	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1368	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1369	;
[51b73452]	1370
	1371	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1372	EXTERN
	1373	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1374	\| STATIC
	1375	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1376	\| AUTO
	1377	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1378	\| REGISTER
	1379	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1380	\| INLINE // C99
[c1c1112]	1381	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1382	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isInline = true; }
[4d51835]	1383	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1384	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1385	\| NORETURN // C11
[c1c1112]	1386	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1387	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isNoreturn = true; }
[68cd1ce]	1388	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1389	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1390	;
[51b73452]	1391
	1392	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1393	CHAR
	1394	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1395	\| DOUBLE
	1396	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1397	\| FLOAT
	1398	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1399	\| INT
	1400	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1401	\| LONG
[5b639ee]	1402	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
[4d51835]	1403	\| SHORT
[5b639ee]	1404	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
[4d51835]	1405	\| SIGNED
[5b639ee]	1406	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
[4d51835]	1407	\| UNSIGNED
[5b639ee]	1408	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
[4d51835]	1409	\| VOID
	1410	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1411	\| BOOL // C99
	1412	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1413	\| COMPLEX // C99
[5b639ee]	1414	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
[4d51835]	1415	\| IMAGINARY // C99
[5b639ee]	1416	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1417	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1418	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[3a2128f]	1419	\| ZERO_T
[148f7290]	1420	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
[3a2128f]	1421	\| ONE_T
[148f7290]	1422	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
[4d51835]	1423	;
[51b73452]	1424
	1425	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1426	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1427	basic_type_specifier
	1428	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1429	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1430	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1431	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1432	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1433	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1434	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1435	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1436	;
[51b73452]	1437
	1438	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1439	direct_type_name
	1440	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1441	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1442	;
[51b73452]	1443
	1444	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1445	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1446	basic_type_name
	1447	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1448	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1449	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1450	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1451	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1452	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1453	;
[51b73452]	1454
	1455	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1456	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1457	{ $$ = $3; }
	1458	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1459	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1460	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1461	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1462	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1463	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1464	;
[51b73452]	1465
	1466	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1467	sue_type_specifier
	1468	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1469	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1470	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1471	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1472	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1473	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1474	;
[51b73452]	1475
	1476	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1477	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1478	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1479	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1480	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1481	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1482	;
[51b73452]	1483
	1484	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1485	typedef_type_specifier
	1486	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1487	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1488	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1489	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1490	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1491	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1492	;
[b87a5ed]	1493
	1494	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1495	TYPEDEFname
	1496	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1497	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1498	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1499	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1500	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1501	;
[51b73452]	1502
	1503	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1504	aggregate_name
	1505	\| enum_name
	1506	;
[51b73452]	1507
	1508	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1509	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[2298f728]	1510	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, nullptr, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1511	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1512	{
	1513	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[2298f728]	1514	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, nullptr, false );
[45161b4d]	1515	}
	1516	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1517	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1518	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[1b772749]	1519	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1520	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[2298f728]	1521	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1522	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1523	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1524	;
[51b73452]	1525
	1526	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1527	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1528	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1529	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1530	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1531	;
[51b73452]	1532
	1533	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1534	// empty
[58dd019]	1535	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1536	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[5d125e4]	1537	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1538	;
[51b73452]	1539
	1540	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1541	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1542	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1543	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1544	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1545	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1546	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	1547	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	1548	iter->set_extension( true );
	1549	$$ = $2;
	1550	}
[4d51835]	1551	;
[b87a5ed]	1552
	1553	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1554	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1555	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1556	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1557	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1558	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1559	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1560	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1561	;
[51b73452]	1562
	1563	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1564	type_specifier field_declarator
	1565	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1566	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1567	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1568	;
[51b73452]	1569
	1570	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1571	// empty
	1572	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1573	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1574	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1575	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1576	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1577	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1578	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1579	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1580	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1581	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1582	;
[51b73452]	1583
	1584	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1585	// empty
[58dd019]	1586	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1587	\| bit_subrange_size
	1588	{ $$ = $1; }
	1589	;
[51b73452]	1590
	1591	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1592	':' constant_expression
	1593	{ $$ = $2; }
	1594	;
[51b73452]	1595
	1596	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1597	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1598	;
[51b73452]	1599
	1600	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1601	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
[2298f728]	1602	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1603	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1604	{
	1605	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1606	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1607	}
	1608	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1609	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1610	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1611	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1612	;
[51b73452]	1613
	1614	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1615	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1616	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1617	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1618	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1619	;
[51b73452]	1620
	1621	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1622	// empty
[58dd019]	1623	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1624	\| '=' constant_expression
	1625	{ $$ = $2; }
	1626	;
[51b73452]	1627
[c11e31c]	1628	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1629
[b87a5ed]	1630	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1631	// empty
[58dd019]	1632	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1633	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1634	;
[b87a5ed]	1635
	1636	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1637	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1638	\| new_parameter_list
	1639	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1640	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1641	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1642	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1643	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1644	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1645	;
[b87a5ed]	1646
	1647	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1648	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1649	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1650	new_parameter_declaration
	1651	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1652	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1653	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1654	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1655	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1656	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1657	;
[b87a5ed]	1658
	1659	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1660	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1661	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1662	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1663	;
[51b73452]	1664
	1665	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1666	// empty
[58dd019]	1667	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1668	\| parameter_type_list
	1669	;
[51b73452]	1670
	1671	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1672	parameter_list
	1673	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1674	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1675	;
[b87a5ed]	1676
	1677	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1678	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1679	\| parameter_declaration
	1680	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1681	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1682	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1683	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1684	;
[51b73452]	1685
[de62360d]	1686	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1687	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1688
[b87a5ed]	1689	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1690	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1691	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1692	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1693	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1694	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1695	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1696	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1697	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1698	\| new_function_specifier
	1699	;
[b87a5ed]	1700
	1701	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1702	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1703	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1704	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1705	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1706	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1707	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1708	\| new_abstract_function
	1709	;
[51b73452]	1710
	1711	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1712	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1713	{
	1714	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1715	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1716	}
[2871210]	1717	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1718	{
	1719	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1720	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1721	}
	1722	;
[51b73452]	1723
	1724	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1725	declaration_specifier
	1726	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1727	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1728	;
[51b73452]	1729
[c11e31c]	1730	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1731	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1732	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1733
[b87a5ed]	1734	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1735	no_attr_identifier
	1736	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1737	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1738	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1739	;
[51b73452]	1740
[2871210]	1741	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1742	identifier
	1743	\| TYPEDEFname
	1744	\| TYPEGENname
	1745	;
[51b73452]	1746
[2871210]	1747	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1748	no_01_identifier
	1749	\| TYPEDEFname
	1750	\| TYPEGENname
	1751	;
[51b73452]	1752
[2871210]	1753	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1754	no_attr_identifier
	1755	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1756	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1757	;
[b87a5ed]	1758
	1759	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1760	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1761	\| type_specifier
	1762	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1763	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1764	;
[b87a5ed]	1765
	1766	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1767	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1768	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1769	\| type_specifier
	1770	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1771	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1772	;
[51b73452]	1773
	1774	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1775	// empty
[58dd019]	1776	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[2871210]	1777	\| '=' initializer
	1778	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1779	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1780	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1781	;
[51b73452]	1782
	1783	initializer:
[de62360d]	1784	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1785	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1786	;
[51b73452]	1787
	1788	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1789	// empty
[58dd019]	1790	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[097e2b0]	1791	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1792	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[1d4580a]	1793	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1794	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[1d4580a]	1795	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1796	;
[b87a5ed]	1797
[de62360d]	1798	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1799	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1800	//
[b87a5ed]	1801	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1802	//
[de62360d]	1803	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1804	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1805	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1806	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1807
	1808	designation:
[4d51835]	1809	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1810	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1811	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1812	;
[51b73452]	1813
[b87a5ed]	1814	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1815	designator
[2871210]	1816	\| designator_list designator
[1d4580a]	1817	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
[d1625f8]	1818	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1819	;
[51b73452]	1820
	1821	designator:
[d1625f8]	1822	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1823	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1824	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1825	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1826	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1827	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1828	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1829	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1830	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1831	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1832	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1833	;
[51b73452]	1834
[de62360d]	1835	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1836	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1837	//
	1838	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1839	//
[de62360d]	1840	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1841	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1842	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1843	//
[de62360d]	1844	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1845	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1846	//
	1847	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1848	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1849	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1850	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1851	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1852
[b87a5ed]	1853	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1854	typegen_type_specifier
	1855	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1856	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1857	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1858	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1859	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1860	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1861	;
[b87a5ed]	1862
	1863	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1864	typegen_name
	1865	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1866	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1867	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1868	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1869	;
[b87a5ed]	1870
[2871210]	1871	typegen_name: // CFA
	1872	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1873	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1874	;
	1875
[b87a5ed]	1876	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1877	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1878	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1879	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1880	;
[b87a5ed]	1881
	1882	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1883	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1884	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1885	assertion_list_opt
	1886	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1887	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1888	;
[b87a5ed]	1889
	1890	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1891	OTYPE
[5b639ee]	1892	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
[4d51835]	1893	\| DTYPE
	1894	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1895	\| FTYPE
	1896	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
	1897	;
[b87a5ed]	1898
	1899	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1900	// empty
[58dd019]	1901	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1902	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[4e06c1e]	1903	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1904	;
[b87a5ed]	1905
	1906	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1907	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1908	{
[4040425]	1909	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1910	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1911	}
[4040425]	1912	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1913	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1914	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[58dd019]	1915	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1916	;
[b87a5ed]	1917
	1918	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1919	type_name
[d1625f8]	1920	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1921	\| assignment_expression
	1922	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[1d4580a]	1923	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1924	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[1d4580a]	1925	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1926	;
[b87a5ed]	1927
	1928	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1929	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1930	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1931	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1932	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1933	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1934	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1935	;
[b87a5ed]	1936
	1937	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1938	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1939	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1940	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1941	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1942	;
[b87a5ed]	1943
	1944	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1945	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1946	{
[de62360d]	1947	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1948	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1949	}
[2871210]	1950	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1951	{
[de62360d]	1952	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1953	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1954	}
	1955	;
[b87a5ed]	1956
[4040425]	1957	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1958	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1959	{
[de62360d]	1960	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1961	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1962	}
[4040425]	1963	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1964	{
[4040425]	1965	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1966	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1967	}
[4040425]	1968	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1969	{
[4040425]	1970	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1971	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1972	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1973	}
	1974	;
[b87a5ed]	1975
[4040425]	1976	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1977	trait_declaration
	1978	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1979	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1980	;
[b87a5ed]	1981
[4040425]	1982	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1983	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1984	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1985	;
[b87a5ed]	1986
[4040425]	1987	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1988	new_variable_specifier
	1989	{
	1990	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1991	$$ = $1;
	1992	}
	1993	\| new_function_specifier
	1994	{
	1995	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1996	$$ = $1;
	1997	}
[4040425]	1998	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1999	{
[de62360d]	2000	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	2001	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	2002	}
	2003	;
[b87a5ed]	2004
[4040425]	2005	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	2006	type_specifier declarator
	2007	{
	2008	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2009	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	2010	}
[4040425]	2011	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	2012	{
	2013	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2014	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	2015	}
	2016	;
[51b73452]	2017
[c11e31c]	2018	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	2019
	2020	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	2021	// empty
	2022	{} // empty input file
	2023	\| external_definition_list
[926af74]	2024	{ parseTree = parseTree != nullptr ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
[4d51835]	2025	;
[51b73452]	2026
	2027	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	2028	external_definition
	2029	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[926af74]	2030	{ $$ = $1 != nullptr ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	2031	;
[51b73452]	2032
	2033	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	2034	// empty
[58dd019]	2035	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2036	\| external_definition_list
	2037	;
[51b73452]	2038
	2039	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2040	declaration
	2041	\| external_function_definition
	2042	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2043	{}
	2044	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2045	{
[3b8e52c]	2046	linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
[faddbd8]	2047	linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageCheck( $2 );
[4d51835]	2048	}
	2049	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2050	{
	2051	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2052	linkageStack.pop();
	2053	$$ = $5;
	2054	}
	2055	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2056	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	2057	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	2058	iter->set_extension( true );
	2059	$$ = $2;
	2060	}
[4d51835]	2061	;
	2062
	2063	external_function_definition:
	2064	function_definition
[de62360d]	2065	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2066	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2067	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2068	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2069	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2070	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2071	{
	2072	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2073	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2074	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2075	}
	2076	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2077	{
	2078	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2079	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2080	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2081	}
	2082	;
[51b73452]	2083
	2084	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2085	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2086	{
	2087	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2088	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2089	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2090	}
	2091	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2092	{
	2093	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2094	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2095	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2096	}
	2097	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2098	{
	2099	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2100	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2101	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2102	}
	2103	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2104	{
	2105	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2106	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2107	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2108	}
	2109	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2110	{
	2111	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2112	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2113	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2114	}
	2115
	2116	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2117	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2118	{
	2119	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2120	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2121	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2122	}
	2123	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2124	{
	2125	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2126	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2127	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2128	}
	2129
	2130	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2131	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2132	{
	2133	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2134	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2135	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2136	}
	2137	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2138	{
	2139	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2140	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2141	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2142	}
	2143	;
[51b73452]	2144
	2145	declarator:
[4d51835]	2146	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2147	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2148	\| function_declarator
	2149	;
[51b73452]	2150
	2151	subrange:
[4d51835]	2152	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2153	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2154	;
[b87a5ed]	2155
	2156	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2157	// empty
[58dd019]	2158	{ $$ = nullptr; }
	2159	\| ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
	2160	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	2161	;
[b87a5ed]	2162
	2163	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2164	// empty
[58dd019]	2165	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2166	\| attribute_list
	2167	;
[b87a5ed]	2168
	2169	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2170	attribute
	2171	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2172	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2173	;
[b87a5ed]	2174
	2175	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2176	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2177	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[58dd019]	2178	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2179	;
[b87a5ed]	2180
	2181	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2182	attrib
	2183	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2184	;
[b87a5ed]	2185
	2186	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2187	// empty
	2188	\| any_word
[c1c1112]	2189	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')' { delete $3; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2190	;
[b87a5ed]	2191
	2192	any_word: // GCC
[c1c1112]	2193	identifier_or_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2194	\| storage_class { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2195	\| basic_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2196	\| type_qualifier { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2197	;
[51b73452]	2198
[c11e31c]	2199	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2200	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2201	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2202	// in:
[c11e31c]	2203	//
[b87a5ed]	2204	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2205	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2206	//
[de62360d]	2207	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2208	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2209	// ============================================================================
	2210
	2211	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2212	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2213	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2214	//
[b87a5ed]	2215	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2216	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2217	// int f; int f {}
	2218	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2219	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2220	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2221	//
[de62360d]	2222	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2223	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2224	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2225
[de62360d]	2226	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2227	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2228
	2229	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2230	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2231	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2232	\| variable_ptr
	2233	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2234	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2235	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2236	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2237	;
[51b73452]	2238
	2239	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2240	identifier
	2241	{
[de62360d]	2242	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2243	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2244	}
	2245	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2246	{ $$ = $2; }
	2247	;
[51b73452]	2248
	2249	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2250	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2251	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2252	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2253	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2254	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2255	{ $$ = $2; }
	2256	;
[51b73452]	2257
	2258	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2259	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2260	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2261	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2262	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2263	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2264	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2265	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2266	{ $$ = $2; }
	2267	;
[51b73452]	2268
	2269	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2270	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2271	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2272	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2273	{ $$ = $2; }
	2274	;
[51b73452]	2275
[c6b1105]	2276	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2277	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2278	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2279
	2280	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2281	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2282	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2283	\| function_ptr
	2284	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2285	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2286	;
[51b73452]	2287
	2288	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2289	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2290	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2291	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2292	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2293	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2294	{ $$ = $2; }
	2295	;
[51b73452]	2296
	2297	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2298	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2299	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2300	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2301	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2302	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2303	{ $$ = $2; }
	2304	;
[51b73452]	2305
	2306	function_array:
[4d51835]	2307	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2308	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2309	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2310	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2311	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2312	{ $$ = $2; }
	2313	;
[51b73452]	2314
[de62360d]	2315	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2316	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2317	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2318
	2319	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2320	old_function_no_ptr
	2321	\| old_function_ptr
	2322	\| old_function_array
	2323	;
[51b73452]	2324
	2325	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2326	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2327	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2328	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2329	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2330	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2331	{ $$ = $2; }
	2332	;
[51b73452]	2333
	2334	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2335	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2336	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2337	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2338	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2339	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2340	{ $$ = $2; }
	2341	;
[51b73452]	2342
	2343	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2344	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2345	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2346	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2347	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2348	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2349	{ $$ = $2; }
	2350	;
[51b73452]	2351
[2871210]	2352	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2353	//
[b87a5ed]	2354	// typedef int foo;
	2355	// {
	2356	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2357	// }
[c11e31c]	2358	//
[de62360d]	2359	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2360	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2361
[c6b1105]	2362	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2363	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2364	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2365	\| type_ptr
	2366	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2367	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2368	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2369	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2370	;
[51b73452]	2371
[2871210]	2372	paren_type:
	2373	typedef
	2374	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2375	{ $$ = $2; }
	2376	;
[51b73452]	2377
[2871210]	2378	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2379	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2380	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2381	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2382	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2383	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2384	{ $$ = $2; }
	2385	;
[51b73452]	2386
[2871210]	2387	type_array:
	2388	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2389	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2390	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2391	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2392	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2393	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2394	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2395	{ $$ = $2; }
	2396	;
[51b73452]	2397
[2871210]	2398	type_function:
	2399	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2400	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2401	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2402	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2403	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2404	{ $$ = $2; }
	2405	;
[51b73452]	2406
[de62360d]	2407	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2408	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2409	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2410	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2411
	2412	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2413	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2414	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2415	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2416	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2417	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2418	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2419	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2420	;
[51b73452]	2421
	2422	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2423	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2424	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2425	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2426	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2427	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2428	{ $$ = $2; }
	2429	;
[51b73452]	2430
	2431	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2432	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2433	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2434	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2435	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2436	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2437	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2438	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2439	{ $$ = $2; }
	2440	;
[51b73452]	2441
	2442	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2443	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2444	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2445	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2446	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2447	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2448	{ $$ = $2; }
	2449	;
[b87a5ed]	2450
[de62360d]	2451	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2452	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2453	//
[b87a5ed]	2454	// typedef int foo;
	2455	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2456	//
[de62360d]	2457	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2458	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2459	//
[b87a5ed]	2460	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2461	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2462	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2463	//
[c6b1105]	2464	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2465	//
[b87a5ed]	2466	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2467	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2468	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2469	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2470	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2471	//
[de62360d]	2472	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2473	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2474	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2475	// functions.
[51b73452]	2476
[2871210]	2477	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2478	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2479	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2480	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2481	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2482	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2483	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2484	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2485	;
[51b73452]	2486
	2487	typedef:
[4d51835]	2488	TYPEDEFname
	2489	{
[de62360d]	2490	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2491	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2492	}
[2871210]	2493	\| TYPEGENname
	2494	{
	2495	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2496	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2497	}
[4d51835]	2498	;
[51b73452]	2499
[2871210]	2500	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2501	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2502	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2503	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2504	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2505	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2506	{ $$ = $2; }
	2507	;
[51b73452]	2508
[2871210]	2509	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2510	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2511	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2512	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2513	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2514	;
[51b73452]	2515
[2871210]	2516	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2517	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2518	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2519	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2520	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2521	;
[b87a5ed]	2522
[de62360d]	2523	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2524	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2525	//
[b87a5ed]	2526	// sizeof( int );
	2527	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2528	//
[de62360d]	2529	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2530	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2531
	2532	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2533	abstract_ptr
	2534	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2535	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2536	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2537	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2538	;
[51b73452]	2539
	2540	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2541	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2542	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2543	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2544	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2545	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2546	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2547	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2548	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2549	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2550	{ $$ = $2; }
	2551	;
[51b73452]	2552
	2553	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2554	array_dimension
	2555	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2556	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2557	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2558	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2559	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2560	{ $$ = $2; }
	2561	;
[51b73452]	2562
	2563	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2564	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2565	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2566	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2567	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2568	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2569	{ $$ = $2; }
	2570	;
[51b73452]	2571
	2572	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2573	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2574	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2575	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2576	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2577	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2578	\| multi_array_dimension
	2579	;
[51b73452]	2580
	2581	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2582	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2583	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2584	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2585	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2586	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2587	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2588	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2589	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2590	;
[51b73452]	2591
[c11e31c]	2592	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2593	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2594	//
[b87a5ed]	2595	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2596	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2597	//
[de62360d]	2598	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2599	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2600
	2601	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2602	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2603	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2604	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2605	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2606	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2607	;
[51b73452]	2608
	2609	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2610	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2611	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2612	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2613	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2614	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2615	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2616	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2617	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2618	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2619	{ $$ = $2; }
	2620	;
[51b73452]	2621
	2622	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2623	array_parameter_dimension
	2624	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2625	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2626	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2627	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2628	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2629	{ $$ = $2; }
	2630	;
[51b73452]	2631
	2632	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2633	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2634	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2635	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2636	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2637	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2638	{ $$ = $2; }
	2639	;
[51b73452]	2640
	2641	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2642	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2643	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2644	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2645	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2646	\| multi_array_dimension
	2647	;
[51b73452]	2648
[c11e31c]	2649	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2650	//
[de62360d]	2651	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2652	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2653
	2654	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2655	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2656	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2657	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2658	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2659	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2660	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2661	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2662	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2663	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2664	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2665	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2666	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2667	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2668	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2669	;
[b87a5ed]	2670
[de62360d]	2671	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2672	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2673	//
[b87a5ed]	2674	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2675	//
[de62360d]	2676	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2677	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2678
	2679	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2680	variable_abstract_ptr
	2681	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2682	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2683	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2684	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2685	;
[51b73452]	2686
	2687	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2688	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2689	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2690	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2691	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2692	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2693	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2694	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2695	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2696	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2697	{ $$ = $2; }
	2698	;
[51b73452]	2699
	2700	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2701	array_dimension
	2702	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2703	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2704	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2705	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2706	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2707	{ $$ = $2; }
	2708	;
[51b73452]	2709
	2710	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2711	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2712	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2713	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2714	{ $$ = $2; }
	2715	;
[b87a5ed]	2716
[de62360d]	2717	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2718	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2719
	2720	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2721	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2722	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2723	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2724	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2725	;
[b87a5ed]	2726
	2727	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2728	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2729	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2730	;
[b87a5ed]	2731
	2732	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2733	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2734	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2735	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2736	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2737	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2738	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2739	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2740	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2741	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2742	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2743	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2744	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2745	;
[b87a5ed]	2746
	2747	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2748	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2749	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2750	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2751	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2752	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2753	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2754	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2755	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2756	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2757	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2758	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2759	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[9059213]	2760
[2871210]	2761	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2762	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2763	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2764	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2765	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2766	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2767	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2768	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2769	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2770	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2771	;
[51b73452]	2772
	2773	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2774	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2775	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2776	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2777	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2778	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2779	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2780	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2781	// appear in this context.
	2782	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2783	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2784	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2785	;
[b87a5ed]	2786
[de62360d]	2787	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2788	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2789	//
[b87a5ed]	2790	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2791	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2792	//
	2793	// These rules need LR(3):
	2794	//
[2871210]	2795	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2796	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2797	//
	2798	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2799	//
[b87a5ed]	2800	// [int, int] t;
	2801	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2802	//
[2871210]	2803	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2804	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2805	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2806	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2807
	2808	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2809	new_abstract_tuple
	2810	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2811	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2812	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2813	;
[b87a5ed]	2814
	2815	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2816	new_abstract_ptr
	2817	\| new_abstract_array
	2818	;
[b87a5ed]	2819
	2820	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2821	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2822	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2823	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2824	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2825	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2826	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2827	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2828	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2829	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2830	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2831	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2832	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2833	;
[b87a5ed]	2834
	2835	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2836	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2837	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2838	'[' ']' type_specifier
[2298f728]	2839	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2840	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
[2298f728]	2841	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2842	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2843	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2844	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2845	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2846	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2847	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2848	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2849	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2850	;
[b87a5ed]	2851
	2852	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2853	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2854	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2855	;
[b87a5ed]	2856
	2857	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[1b29996]	2858	// '[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2859	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
	2860	new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2861	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2862	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2863	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2864	;
[b87a5ed]	2865
[de62360d]	2866	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2867	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2868	//
[de62360d]	2869	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2870	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2871	//
	2872	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2873	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2874	//
[de62360d]	2875	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2876	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2877
[c11e31c]	2878	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2879
[b87a5ed]	2880	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2881	// empty
	2882	\| ','
	2883	;
[51b73452]	2884
	2885	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2886	// empty
[58dd019]	2887	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2888	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2889	{ $$ = $2; }
	2890	;
[51b73452]	2891
	2892	%%
[c11e31c]	2893	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2894
[0da3e2c]	2895	extern char *yytext;
	2896
[5f2f2d7]	2897	void yyerror( const char * ) {
[2298f728]	2898	cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2899	if ( yyfilename ) {
[2298f728]	2900	cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2901	} // if
[2298f728]	2902	cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << endl;
[51b73452]	2903	}
	2904
[c11e31c]	2905	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2906	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2907	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2908	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2909	// End: //

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