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Last change on this file since a6dd5b0 was d1625f8, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 9 years ago
more refactoring of parser code
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 103.0 KB

Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[d1625f8]	12	// Last Modified On : Tue Aug 9 12:59:11 2016
	13	// Update Count : 1821
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[8a95629]	45	extern char *yytext;
[51b73452]	46
	47	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	48
	49	#include <cstdio>
	50	#include <stack>
	51	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	52	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	53	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	54	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	55	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	56	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
	57
[b87a5ed]	58	DeclarationNode *theTree = 0; // the resulting parse tree
[51b73452]	59	LinkageSpec::Type linkage = LinkageSpec::Cforall;
	60	std::stack< LinkageSpec::Type > linkageStack;
	61	TypedefTable typedefTable;
[7bf7fb9]	62
	63	void appendStr( std::string &to, std::string *from ) {
	64	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
	65	to.insert( to.length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
	66	} // appendStr
[51b73452]	67	%}
	68
[c11e31c]	69	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	70
[c11e31c]	71	// keywords
[51b73452]	72	%token TYPEDEF
	73	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	74	%token INLINE // C99
	75	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	76	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	77	%token RESTRICT // C99
	78	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[51b73452]	79	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
[90c3b1c]	80	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	81	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	82	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	83	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[e7aed49]	84	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	85	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	86	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	87	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	88	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	89	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	90	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	91
[c11e31c]	92	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	93	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	94	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
	95	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant FLOATINGconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	96	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	97
[c11e31c]	98	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	99	%token ARROW // ->
	100	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	101	%token LS RS // << >>
	102	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	103	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	104	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	105
	106	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	107	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	108	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	109	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	110
[e7aed49]	111	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	112
[c11e31c]	113	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	114	%union
	115	{
[b87a5ed]	116	Token tok;
	117	ParseNode *pn;
	118	ExpressionNode *en;
	119	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	120	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	121	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	122	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	123	ConstantExpr *constant;
[7f5566b]	124	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	125	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	126	OperKinds op;
[7f5566b]	127	bool flag;
[51b73452]	128	}
	129
[097e2b0]	130	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	131	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[51b73452]	132	%type<constant> string_literal_list
	133
[c11e31c]	134	// expressions
[d1625f8]	135	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	136	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	137	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	138	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	139	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	140	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	141	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	142	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	143	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
	144	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression for_control_expression assignment_opt
[51b73452]	145	%type<en> subrange
[7f5566b]	146	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	147	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	148	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	149	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	150
[c11e31c]	151	// statements
[b87a5ed]	152	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	153	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	154	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	155	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	156	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	157	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	158	%type<en> case_value
	159	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	160	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
	161	%type<pn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	162
[c11e31c]	163	// declarations
[51b73452]	164	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	165	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	166	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	167
	168	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	169	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	170
	171	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	172
	173	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	174
	175	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	176
	177	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	178
[4040425]	179	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	180
	181	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	182	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	183
	184	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	185
	186	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	187	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	188
	189	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	190
	191	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
	192	%type<en> field field_list
	193
[4d51835]	194	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	195
	196	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	197	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	198
	199	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	200	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	201	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	202
	203	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	204
[4040425]	205	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	206	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	207
	208	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	209	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	210
	211	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	212
	213	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	214
	215	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	216	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	217
	218	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	219	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	220
[2871210]	221	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	222
	223	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_name storage_class_list
	224
	225	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	226
	227	%type<tclass> type_class
	228	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	229
[2871210]	230	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	231	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	232	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	233	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	234
	235	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	236	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	237
	238	%type<en> type_name_list
	239
	240	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	241
	242	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	243	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	244
[1db21619]	245	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	246
[c11e31c]	247	// initializers
[51b73452]	248	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	249
[c11e31c]	250	// designators
[51b73452]	251	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	252
	253
[b87a5ed]	254	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	255	// is ambiguous:
	256	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	257	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	258	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	259
[c11e31c]	260	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	261	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	262
[b87a5ed]	263	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	264
	265	%%
[c11e31c]	266	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	267
[de62360d]	268	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	269	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	270	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	271	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	272	//
[de62360d]	273	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
	274	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parametrized types. This latter
	275	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	276	//
[de62360d]	277	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
	278	// accesses a data structure (the TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read.
	279	// Semantic actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	280	//
[de62360d]	281	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	282	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	283	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	284	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
	285	// "typedef" or "type" declarations).
[c11e31c]	286	//
[de62360d]	287	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	288	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	289	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	290	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	291	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	292	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	293	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	294
	295	push:
[4d51835]	296	{
	297	typedefTable.enterScope();
	298	}
	299	;
[51b73452]	300
	301	pop:
[4d51835]	302	{
	303	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	304	}
	305	;
[51b73452]	306
[c11e31c]	307	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	308
	309	constant:
[de62360d]	310	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[d1625f8]	311	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
	312	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	313	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	314	;
[51b73452]	315
	316	identifier:
[4d51835]	317	IDENTIFIER
	318	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	319	\| zero_one // CFA
	320	;
[51b73452]	321
	322	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	323	IDENTIFIER
	324	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	325	;
[51b73452]	326
	327	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	328	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	329	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	330	;
[51b73452]	331
[b87a5ed]	332	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	333	ZERO
	334	\| ONE
	335	;
[51b73452]	336
[b87a5ed]	337	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[7bf7fb9]	338	STRINGliteral { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
	339	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	340	{
[d1625f8]	341	appendStr( $1->get_constant()->get_value(), $2 );
[7bf7fb9]	342	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
	343	$$ = $1;
	344	}
[4d51835]	345	;
[51b73452]	346
[c11e31c]	347	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	348
	349	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	350	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	351	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	352	\| zero_one
[d1625f8]	353	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	354	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	355	{ $$ = $2; }
	356	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[d1625f8]	357	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	358	;
[51b73452]	359
	360	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	361	primary_expression
	362	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	363	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	364	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	365	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	366	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	367	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	368	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	369	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[bd85400]	370	// ambiguity with .0 so space required after field-selection, e.g.
	371	// struct S { int 0, 1; } s; s. 0 = 0; s. 1 = 1;
[4d51835]	372	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	373	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	374	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	375	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	376	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	377	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	378	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	379	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	380	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	381	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	382	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	383	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	384	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	385	{
[9706554]	386	Token fn;
	387	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined
[d1625f8]	388	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_link( $3 ) ) );
[097e2b0]	389	}
[4d51835]	390	;
[51b73452]	391
	392	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	393	argument_expression
	394	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[de62360d]	395	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	396	;
[51b73452]	397
	398	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	399	// empty
	400	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	401	\| assignment_expression
	402	;
[b87a5ed]	403
	404	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	405	field
	406	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
	407	;
[b87a5ed]	408
	409	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	410	no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	411	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[bd85400]	412	// ambiguity with .0 so space required after field-selection, e.g.
	413	// struct S { int 0, 1; } s; s. 0 = 0; s. 1 = 1;
[4d51835]	414	\| no_attr_identifier '.' field
[d1625f8]	415	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $3, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	416	\| no_attr_identifier '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	417	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $5, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	418	\| no_attr_identifier ARROW field
[d1625f8]	419	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $3, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	420	\| no_attr_identifier ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	421	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $5, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	422	;
[51b73452]	423
	424	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	425	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	426	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	427	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	428	\| constant
	429	{ $$ = $1; }
	430	\| string_literal_list
[d1625f8]	431	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	432	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	433	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	434	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	435	// { * X; } // dereference X
	436	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	437	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	438	{
	439	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	440	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	441	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	442	break;
[d9e2280]	443	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	444	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	445	break;
	446	default:
	447	assert( false );
	448	}
	449	}
[4d51835]	450	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	451	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	452	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	453	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	454	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	455	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	456	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	457	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	458	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	459	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	460	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	461	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	462	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	463	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	464	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	465	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	466	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	467	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	468	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	469	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	470	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	471	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	472	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	473	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	474	;
[51b73452]	475
[dd51906]	476	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	477	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	478	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	479	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	480	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	481	;
	482
[51b73452]	483	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	484	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	485	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	486	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	487	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	488	;
[51b73452]	489
	490	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	491	unary_expression
	492	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	493	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	494	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
[d1625f8]	495	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	496	;
[51b73452]	497
	498	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	499	cast_expression
	500	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	501	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	502	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	503	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	504	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	505	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	506	;
[51b73452]	507
	508	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	509	multiplicative_expression
	510	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	511	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	512	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	513	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	514	;
[51b73452]	515
	516	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	517	additive_expression
	518	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	519	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	520	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	521	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	522	;
[51b73452]	523
	524	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	525	shift_expression
	526	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	527	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	528	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	529	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	530	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	531	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	532	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	533	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	534	;
[51b73452]	535
	536	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	537	relational_expression
	538	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	539	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	540	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	541	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	542	;
[51b73452]	543
	544	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	545	equality_expression
	546	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	547	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	548	;
[51b73452]	549
	550	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	551	AND_expression
	552	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	553	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	554	;
[51b73452]	555
	556	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	557	exclusive_OR_expression
	558	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	559	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	560	;
[51b73452]	561
	562	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	563	inclusive_OR_expression
	564	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	565	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	566	;
[51b73452]	567
	568	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	569	logical_AND_expression
	570	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	571	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	572	;
[51b73452]	573
	574	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	575	logical_OR_expression
	576	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	577	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	578	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	579	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	580	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	581	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
[d1625f8]	582	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	583	;
[51b73452]	584
	585	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	586	conditional_expression
	587	;
[51b73452]	588
	589	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	590	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	591	conditional_expression
	592	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	593	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	594	\| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
[d1625f8]	595	{ $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	596	;
[51b73452]	597
	598	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	599	// empty
[d1625f8]	600	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	601	\| assignment_expression
	602	;
[b87a5ed]	603
[9706554]	604	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	605	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
	606	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	607	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	608	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	609	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	610	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	611	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	612	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	613	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	614	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	615	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[9706554]	616	;
	617
[b87a5ed]	618	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	619	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	620	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[2871210]	621	'[' ']'
[d1625f8]	622	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
[4d51835]	623	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[d1625f8]	624	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	625	\| '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	626	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_link( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	627	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	628	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_link( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	629	;
[51b73452]	630
	631	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	632	assignment_expression_opt
	633	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
	634	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
	635	;
[51b73452]	636
	637	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	638	assignment_expression
[9706554]	639	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	640	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	641	;
[51b73452]	642
	643	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	644	// empty
	645	{ $$ = 0; }
	646	\| comma_expression
	647	;
[51b73452]	648
[c11e31c]	649	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	650
	651	statement:
[4d51835]	652	labeled_statement
	653	\| compound_statement
	654	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	655	\| selection_statement
	656	\| iteration_statement
	657	\| jump_statement
	658	\| exception_statement
	659	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	660	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	661	{
[d9e2280]	662	Token fn;
	663	fn.str = new std::string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[d1625f8]	664	$$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Exp, new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_link( $4 ) ) ), 0 );
[097e2b0]	665	}
[4d51835]	666	;
[51b73452]	667
	668	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	669	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	670	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	671	{
	672	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	673	}
[4d51835]	674	;
[51b73452]	675
	676	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	677	'{' '}'
	678	{ $$ = new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode *)0 ); }
	679	\| '{'
[de62360d]	680	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
	681	// requires its own scope
[4d51835]	682	push push
[51b1202]	683	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	684	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
	685	{ $$ = new CompoundStmtNode( $5 ); }
	686	;
[b87a5ed]	687
	688	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	689	block_item
	690	\| block_item_list push block_item
[de62360d]	691	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_link( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	692	;
[51b73452]	693
	694	block_item:
[4d51835]	695	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
	696	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
	697	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	698	{ // mark all fields in list
	699	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != NULL; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_link() )
	700	iter->set_extension( true );
	701	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
	702	}
[4d51835]	703	\| function_definition
	704	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
	705	\| statement pop
	706	;
[51b73452]	707
	708	statement_list:
[4d51835]	709	statement
	710	\| statement_list statement
[de62360d]	711	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_link( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	712	;
[51b73452]	713
	714	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	715	comma_expression_opt ';'
[de62360d]	716	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Exp, $1, 0 ); }
[4d51835]	717	;
[51b73452]	718
	719	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	720	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	721	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[de62360d]	722	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::If, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	723	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[de62360d]	724	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::If, $3, (StatementNode )mkList(($5, *$7 )) ); }
[4d51835]	725	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[de62360d]	726	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	727	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	728	{
	729	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $8 );
	730	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	731	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	732	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	733	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	734	// statement.
[4e06c1e]	735	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_link( sw )) ) : sw;
	736	}
[4d51835]	737	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[4e06c1e]	738	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	739	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	740	{
	741	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $8 );
	742	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_link( sw )) ) : sw;
	743	}
[4d51835]	744	;
[b87a5ed]	745
[de62360d]	746	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	747	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	748
	749	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	750	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	751	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	752	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	753	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	754	;
[b87a5ed]	755
	756	case_value_list: // CFA
[8688ce1]	757	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Case, $1, 0 ); }
[064e3ff]	758	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[8688ce1]	759	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_link( new StatementNode( StatementNode::Case, $3, 0 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	760	;
[b87a5ed]	761
	762	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	763	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[de62360d]	764	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Default ); }
[4d51835]	765	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	766	;
[b87a5ed]	767
	768	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	769	case_label
[de62360d]	770	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_link( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	771	;
[b87a5ed]	772
	773	case_clause: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	774	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	775	;
[b87a5ed]	776
	777	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	778	// empty
	779	{ $$ = 0; }
	780	\| switch_clause_list
	781	;
[b87a5ed]	782
	783	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	784	case_label_list statement_list
[4e06c1e]	785	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	786	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[4e06c1e]	787	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_link( $2->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	788	;
[b87a5ed]	789
	790	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	791	// empty
	792	{ $$ = 0; }
	793	\| choose_clause_list
	794	;
[b87a5ed]	795
	796	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	797	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	798	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	799	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[4e06c1e]	800	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode )mkList( ($2, *$3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	801	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	802	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_link( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	803	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[4e06c1e]	804	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_link( $2->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode )mkList( ($3, $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	805	;
[b87a5ed]	806
	807	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	808	// empty
[4e06c1e]	809	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Break ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	810	\| fall_through
	811	;
[b87a5ed]	812
	813	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	814	FALLTHRU
	815	{ $$ = 0; }
	816	\| FALLTHRU ';'
	817	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	818	;
[51b73452]	819
	820	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	821	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[de62360d]	822	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::While, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	823	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[de62360d]	824	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Do, $5, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	825	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[de62360d]	826	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::For, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	827	;
[51b73452]	828
	829	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	830	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[de62360d]	831	{ $$ = new ForCtlExprNode( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	832	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[de62360d]	833	{ $$ = new ForCtlExprNode( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	834	;
[51b73452]	835
	836	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	837	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[de62360d]	838	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Goto, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	839	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	840	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	841	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
	842	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Goto, $3 ); }
[4d51835]	843	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	844	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[7f5566b]	845	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Continue ); }
[4e06c1e]	846	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	847	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	848	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
	849	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Continue, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	850	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	851	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[7f5566b]	852	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Break ); }
[4e06c1e]	853	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	854	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	855	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
	856	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Break, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	857	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[de62360d]	858	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Return, $2, 0 ); }
[02e5ab6]	859	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';'
[de62360d]	860	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw, $2, 0 ); }
[02e5ab6]	861	// \| THROW ';'
	862	// { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw ); }
	863	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';'
	864	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw, $2, 0 ); }
	865	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';'
	866	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw, $2, 0 ); }
	867	// \| THROWRESUME ';'
	868	// { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw ); }
[4d51835]	869	;
[51b73452]	870
	871	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	872	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[de62360d]	873	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Try, 0,(StatementNode )(mkList(($2,*$3 )))); }
[4d51835]	874	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[de62360d]	875	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Try, 0,(StatementNode )(mkList(($2,*$3 )))); }
[4d51835]	876	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
	877	{
[de62360d]	878	$3->set_link( $4 );
	879	$$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Try, 0,(StatementNode )(mkList(($2,*$3 ))));
[4d51835]	880	}
	881	;
[51b73452]	882
	883	handler_list:
[4d51835]	884	// There must be at least one catch clause
	885	handler_clause
[de62360d]	886	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	887	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	888	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $5, true ); }
	889	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	890	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $6, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	891	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	892	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $5, true ); }
	893	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	894	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $6, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	895	;
[51b73452]	896
	897	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	898	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[de62360d]	899	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $5, $8 ); }
[4d51835]	900	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[de62360d]	901	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $6, $9 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	902	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
	903	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $5, $8 ); }
	904	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
	905	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $6, $9 ) ); }
[4d51835]	906	;
[51b73452]	907
	908	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	909	FINALLY compound_statement
	910	{
[de62360d]	911	$$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Finally, 0, $2 );
[4d51835]	912	std::cout << "Just created a finally node" << std::endl;
	913	}
	914	;
[51b73452]	915
	916	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	917	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	918	//
	919	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	920	//
	921	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	922	type_specifier
	923	\| type_specifier declarator
	924	{
	925	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	926	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	927	}
	928	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	929	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	930	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	931	{
	932	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	933	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	934	}
	935	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	936	;
[51b73452]	937
	938	asm_statement:
[7f5566b]	939	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ')' ';'
	940	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, 0 ); }
	941	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
	942	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, $6 ); }
	943	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
	944	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, $6, $8 ); }
	945	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
	946	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ); }
	947	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal_list ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
	948	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ); }
	949	;
	950
	951	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	952	// empty
	953	{ $$ = false; }
	954	\| VOLATILE
	955	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	956	;
[b87a5ed]	957
	958	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	959	// empty
[7f5566b]	960	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	961	\| asm_operands_list
	962	;
[b87a5ed]	963
	964	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	965	asm_operand
	966	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[7f5566b]	967	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	968	;
[b87a5ed]	969
	970	asm_operand: // GCC
[7f5566b]	971	string_literal_list '(' constant_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	972	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asm( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	973	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal_list '(' constant_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	974	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asm( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	975	;
	976
[4e06c1e]	977	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	978	// empty
	979	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	980	\| string_literal_list
[d1625f8]	981	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[7f5566b]	982	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal_list
[d1625f8]	983	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	984	;
[b87a5ed]	985
[7f5566b]	986	label_list:
	987	no_attr_identifier
	988	{ $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->append_label( $1 ); }
	989	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	990	{ $$ = $1; $1->append_label( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	991	;
[51b73452]	992
[c11e31c]	993	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	994
[b87a5ed]	995	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	996	pop
	997	{ $$ = 0; }
	998	\| declaration_list
	999	;
[51b73452]	1000
	1001	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1002	declaration
	1003	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1004	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1005	;
[51b73452]	1006
[b87a5ed]	1007	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1008	pop
	1009	{ $$ = 0; }
	1010	\| old_declaration_list
	1011	;
[51b73452]	1012
	1013	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1014	old_declaration
	1015	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1016	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1017	;
[b87a5ed]	1018
[51b1202]	1019	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1020	// empty
[51b1202]	1021	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1022	;
[b87a5ed]	1023
[51b1202]	1024	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1025	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1026	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1027	;
[b87a5ed]	1028
[51b1202]	1029	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1030	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1031	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1032	;
[b87a5ed]	1033
	1034	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1035	new_declaration
	1036	\| old_declaration
	1037	;
[b87a5ed]	1038
[de62360d]	1039	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1040	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1041	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1042	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1043	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1044	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1045	//
[b87a5ed]	1046	// CFA C
	1047	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1048	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1049
	1050	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1051	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1052	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1053	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1054	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1055	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1056	;
[b87a5ed]	1057
	1058	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1059	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1060	{
	1061	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1062	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1063	}
	1064	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1065	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1066	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1067	{
	1068	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1069	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1070	}
[2871210]	1071	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1072	{
	1073	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1074	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1075	}
	1076	;
[b87a5ed]	1077
	1078	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1079	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1080	// storage-class
[2871210]	1081	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1082	{
	1083	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1084	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1085	}
[2871210]	1086	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1087	{
	1088	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1089	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1090	}
[2871210]	1091	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1092	{
	1093	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
	1094	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 );
	1095	}
	1096	;
[b87a5ed]	1097
	1098	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1099	new_function_specifier
	1100	{
	1101	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1102	$$ = $1;
	1103	}
	1104	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1105	{
	1106	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1107	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1108	}
	1109	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1110	{
	1111	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1112	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1113	}
	1114	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1115	{
	1116	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1117	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1118	}
[2871210]	1119	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1120	{
	1121	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1122	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1123	}
	1124	;
[b87a5ed]	1125
	1126	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1127	'[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
[4d51835]	1128	{
[2871210]	1129	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
[4d51835]	1130	}
[2871210]	1131	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1132	// {
	1133	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1134	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1135	// }
	1136	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1137	// {
	1138	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1139	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1140	// }
	1141	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1142	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1143	//
[2871210]	1144	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1145	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1146	//
[2871210]	1147	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1148	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
	1149	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1150	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1151	{
	1152	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1153	}
[2871210]	1154	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1155	{
	1156	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1157	}
	1158	;
[b87a5ed]	1159
	1160	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1161	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1162	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1163	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1164	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1165	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1166	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1167	;
[b87a5ed]	1168
	1169	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1170	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1171	{
[de62360d]	1172	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1173	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1174	}
	1175	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1176	{
[de62360d]	1177	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1178	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1179	}
	1180	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1181	{
[de62360d]	1182	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1183	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1184	}
	1185	;
[b87a5ed]	1186
[de62360d]	1187	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1188	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1189
	1190	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1191	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1192	{
[de62360d]	1193	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1194	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1195	}
	1196	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1197	{
[de62360d]	1198	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1199	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1200	}
[de62360d]	1201	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1202	{
[de62360d]	1203	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1204	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1205	}
	1206	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1207	{
[de62360d]	1208	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1209	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1210	}
	1211	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1212	{
[de62360d]	1213	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1214	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1215	}
	1216	;
[b87a5ed]	1217
[721f17a]	1218	typedef_expression:
	1219	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1220	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1221	{
[de62360d]	1222	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1223	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1224	}
	1225	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1226	{
[de62360d]	1227	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1228	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1229	}
	1230	;
[51b73452]	1231
	1232	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1233	declaring_list pop ';'
	1234	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1235	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1236	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1237	;
[51b73452]	1238
	1239	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1240	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1241	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1242	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1243	{
	1244	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1245	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1246	}
	1247	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1248	{
	1249	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1250	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1251	}
	1252	;
[b87a5ed]	1253
	1254	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1255	basic_declaration_specifier
	1256	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1257	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1258	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1259	;
[b87a5ed]	1260
	1261	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1262	basic_type_specifier
	1263	\| sue_type_specifier
	1264	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1265	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1266	;
[b87a5ed]	1267
	1268	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1269	// empty
	1270	{ $$ = 0; }
	1271	\| type_qualifier_list
	1272	;
[51b73452]	1273
	1274	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1275	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1276	//
[de62360d]	1277	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1278	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1279	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1280	type_qualifier
	1281	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1282	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1283	;
[51b73452]	1284
	1285	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1286	type_qualifier_name
	1287	\| attribute
[1db21619]	1288	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1289	;
[51b73452]	1290
	1291	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1292	CONST
	1293	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1294	\| RESTRICT
	1295	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1296	\| VOLATILE
	1297	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1298	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1299	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1300	\| ATOMIC
	1301	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1302	\| FORALL '('
	1303	{
	1304	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1305	}
	1306	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1307	{
	1308	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1309	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1310	}
	1311	;
[51b73452]	1312
	1313	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1314	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1315	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1316	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1317	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1318	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1319	;
[51b73452]	1320
	1321	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1322	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1323	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1324	//
[de62360d]	1325	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1326	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1327	storage_class
	1328	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1329	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1330	;
[51b73452]	1331
	1332	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1333	storage_class_name
	1334	;
[51b73452]	1335
	1336	storage_class_name:
[4d51835]	1337	EXTERN
	1338	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1339	\| STATIC
	1340	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1341	\| AUTO
	1342	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1343	\| REGISTER
	1344	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1345	\| INLINE // C99
	1346	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1347	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1348	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1349	\| NORETURN // C11
	1350	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1351	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1352	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1353	;
[51b73452]	1354
	1355	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1356	CHAR
	1357	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1358	\| DOUBLE
	1359	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1360	\| FLOAT
	1361	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1362	\| INT
	1363	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1364	\| LONG
	1365	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
	1366	\| SHORT
	1367	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
	1368	\| SIGNED
	1369	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
	1370	\| UNSIGNED
	1371	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
	1372	\| VOID
	1373	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1374	\| BOOL // C99
	1375	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1376	\| COMPLEX // C99
	1377	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
	1378	\| IMAGINARY // C99
	1379	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1380	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1381	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[4d51835]	1382	;
[51b73452]	1383
	1384	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1385	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1386	basic_type_specifier
	1387	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1388	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1389	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1390	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1391	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1392	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1393	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1394	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1395	;
[51b73452]	1396
	1397	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1398	direct_type_name
	1399	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1400	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1401	;
[51b73452]	1402
	1403	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1404	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1405	basic_type_name
	1406	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1407	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1408	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1409	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1410	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1411	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1412	;
[51b73452]	1413
	1414	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1415	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1416	{ $$ = $3; }
	1417	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1418	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1419	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1420	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1421	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1422	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1423	;
[51b73452]	1424
	1425	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1426	sue_type_specifier
	1427	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1428	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1429	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1430	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1431	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1432	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1433	;
[51b73452]	1434
	1435	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1436	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1437	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1438	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1439	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1440	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1441	;
[51b73452]	1442
	1443	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1444	typedef_type_specifier
	1445	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1446	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1447	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1448	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1449	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1450	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1451	;
[b87a5ed]	1452
	1453	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1454	TYPEDEFname
	1455	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1456	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1457	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1458	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1459	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1460	;
[51b73452]	1461
	1462	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1463	aggregate_name
	1464	\| enum_name
	1465	;
[51b73452]	1466
	1467	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1468	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[5d125e4]	1469	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, 0, 0, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1470	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1471	{
	1472	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[5d125e4]	1473	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, 0, 0, false );
[45161b4d]	1474	}
	1475	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1476	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1477	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[5d125e4]	1478	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, 0, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1479	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[5d125e4]	1480	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, 0, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1481	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1482	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1483	;
[51b73452]	1484
	1485	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1486	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1487	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1488	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1489	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1490	;
[51b73452]	1491
	1492	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1493	// empty
	1494	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	1495	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[5d125e4]	1496	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1497	;
[51b73452]	1498
	1499	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1500	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1501	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1502	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1503	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1504	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1505	{ // mark all fields in list
	1506	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != NULL; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_link() )
	1507	iter->set_extension( true );
	1508	$$ = $2;
	1509	}
[4d51835]	1510	;
[b87a5ed]	1511
	1512	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1513	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1514	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1515	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1516	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1517	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1518	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1519	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1520	;
[51b73452]	1521
	1522	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1523	type_specifier field_declarator
	1524	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1525	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1526	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1527	;
[51b73452]	1528
	1529	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1530	// empty
	1531	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1532	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1533	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1534	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1535	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1536	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1537	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1538	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1539	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1540	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1541	;
[51b73452]	1542
	1543	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1544	// empty
	1545	{ $$ = 0; }
	1546	\| bit_subrange_size
	1547	{ $$ = $1; }
	1548	;
[51b73452]	1549
	1550	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1551	':' constant_expression
	1552	{ $$ = $2; }
	1553	;
[51b73452]	1554
	1555	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1556	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1557	;
[51b73452]	1558
	1559	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1560	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1561	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( 0, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1562	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1563	{
	1564	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1565	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1566	}
	1567	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1568	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1569	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1570	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1571	;
[51b73452]	1572
	1573	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1574	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1575	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1576	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1577	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1578	;
[51b73452]	1579
	1580	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1581	// empty
	1582	{ $$ = 0; }
	1583	\| '=' constant_expression
	1584	{ $$ = $2; }
	1585	;
[51b73452]	1586
[c11e31c]	1587	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1588
[b87a5ed]	1589	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1590	// empty
	1591	{ $$ = 0; }
	1592	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1593	;
[b87a5ed]	1594
	1595	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1596	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1597	\| new_parameter_list
	1598	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1599	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1600	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1601	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1602	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1603	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1604	;
[b87a5ed]	1605
	1606	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1607	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1608	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1609	new_parameter_declaration
	1610	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1611	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1612	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1613	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1614	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1615	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1616	;
[b87a5ed]	1617
	1618	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1619	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1620	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1621	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1622	;
[51b73452]	1623
	1624	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1625	// empty
	1626	{ $$ = 0; }
	1627	\| parameter_type_list
	1628	;
[51b73452]	1629
	1630	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1631	parameter_list
	1632	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1633	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1634	;
[b87a5ed]	1635
	1636	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1637	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1638	\| parameter_declaration
	1639	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1640	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1641	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1642	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1643	;
[51b73452]	1644
[de62360d]	1645	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1646	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1647
[b87a5ed]	1648	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1649	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1650	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1651	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1652	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1653	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1654	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1655	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1656	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1657	\| new_function_specifier
	1658	;
[b87a5ed]	1659
	1660	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1661	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1662	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1663	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1664	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1665	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1666	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1667	\| new_abstract_function
	1668	;
[51b73452]	1669
	1670	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1671	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1672	{
	1673	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1674	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1675	}
[2871210]	1676	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1677	{
	1678	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1679	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1680	}
	1681	;
[51b73452]	1682
	1683	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1684	declaration_specifier
	1685	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1686	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1687	;
[51b73452]	1688
[c11e31c]	1689	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1690	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1691	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1692
[b87a5ed]	1693	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1694	no_attr_identifier
	1695	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1696	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1697	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1698	;
[51b73452]	1699
[2871210]	1700	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1701	identifier
	1702	\| TYPEDEFname
	1703	\| TYPEGENname
	1704	;
[51b73452]	1705
[2871210]	1706	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1707	no_01_identifier
	1708	\| TYPEDEFname
	1709	\| TYPEGENname
	1710	;
[51b73452]	1711
[2871210]	1712	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1713	no_attr_identifier
	1714	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1715	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1716	;
[b87a5ed]	1717
	1718	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1719	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1720	\| type_specifier
	1721	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1722	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1723	;
[b87a5ed]	1724
	1725	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1726	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1727	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1728	\| type_specifier
	1729	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1730	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1731	;
[51b73452]	1732
	1733	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1734	// empty
	1735	{ $$ = 0; }
[2871210]	1736	\| '=' initializer
	1737	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1738	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1739	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1740	;
[51b73452]	1741
	1742	initializer:
[de62360d]	1743	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1744	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1745	;
[51b73452]	1746
	1747	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1748	// empty
	1749	{ $$ = 0; }
	1750	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1751	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[de62360d]	1752	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_link( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1753	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[de62360d]	1754	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_link( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1755	;
[b87a5ed]	1756
[de62360d]	1757	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1758	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1759	//
[b87a5ed]	1760	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1761	//
[de62360d]	1762	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1763	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1764	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1765	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1766
	1767	designation:
[4d51835]	1768	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1769	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1770	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1771	;
[51b73452]	1772
[b87a5ed]	1773	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1774	designator
[2871210]	1775	\| designator_list designator
[d1625f8]	1776	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( $2 ) ); }
	1777	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1778	;
[51b73452]	1779
	1780	designator:
[d1625f8]	1781	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1782	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1783	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1784	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1785	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1786	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1787	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1788	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1789	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1790	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1791	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1792	;
[51b73452]	1793
[de62360d]	1794	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1795	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1796	//
	1797	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1798	//
[de62360d]	1799	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1800	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1801	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1802	//
[de62360d]	1803	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1804	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1805	//
	1806	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1807	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1808	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1809	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1810	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1811
[b87a5ed]	1812	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1813	typegen_type_specifier
	1814	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1815	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1816	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1817	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1818	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1819	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1820	;
[b87a5ed]	1821
	1822	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1823	typegen_name
	1824	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1825	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1826	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1827	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1828	;
[b87a5ed]	1829
[2871210]	1830	typegen_name: // CFA
	1831	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1832	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1833	;
	1834
[b87a5ed]	1835	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1836	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1837	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1838	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1839	;
[b87a5ed]	1840
	1841	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1842	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1843	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1844	assertion_list_opt
	1845	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1846	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1847	;
[b87a5ed]	1848
	1849	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1850	OTYPE
[4d51835]	1851	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Type; }
	1852	\| DTYPE
	1853	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1854	\| FTYPE
	1855	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
	1856	;
[b87a5ed]	1857
	1858	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1859	// empty
	1860	{ $$ = 0; }
	1861	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[4e06c1e]	1862	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1863	;
[b87a5ed]	1864
	1865	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1866	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1867	{
[4040425]	1868	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1869	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1870	}
[4040425]	1871	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1872	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1873	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1874	{ $$ = 0; }
	1875	;
[b87a5ed]	1876
	1877	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1878	type_name
[d1625f8]	1879	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1880	\| assignment_expression
	1881	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[d1625f8]	1882	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1883	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[de62360d]	1884	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1885	;
[b87a5ed]	1886
	1887	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1888	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1889	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1890	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1891	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1892	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1893	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1894	;
[b87a5ed]	1895
	1896	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1897	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1898	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1899	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1900	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1901	;
[b87a5ed]	1902
	1903	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1904	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1905	{
[de62360d]	1906	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1907	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1908	}
[2871210]	1909	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1910	{
[de62360d]	1911	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1912	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1913	}
	1914	;
[b87a5ed]	1915
[4040425]	1916	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1917	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1918	{
[de62360d]	1919	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1920	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1921	}
[4040425]	1922	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1923	{
[4040425]	1924	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1925	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1926	}
[4040425]	1927	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1928	{
[4040425]	1929	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1930	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1931	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1932	}
	1933	;
[b87a5ed]	1934
[4040425]	1935	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1936	trait_declaration
	1937	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1938	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1939	;
[b87a5ed]	1940
[4040425]	1941	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1942	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1943	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1944	;
[b87a5ed]	1945
[4040425]	1946	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1947	new_variable_specifier
	1948	{
	1949	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1950	$$ = $1;
	1951	}
	1952	\| new_function_specifier
	1953	{
	1954	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1955	$$ = $1;
	1956	}
[4040425]	1957	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1958	{
[de62360d]	1959	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	1960	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1961	}
	1962	;
[b87a5ed]	1963
[4040425]	1964	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1965	type_specifier declarator
	1966	{
	1967	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1968	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	1969	}
[4040425]	1970	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	1971	{
	1972	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1973	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	1974	}
	1975	;
[51b73452]	1976
[c11e31c]	1977	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	1978
	1979	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	1980	// empty
	1981	{} // empty input file
	1982	\| external_definition_list
	1983	{
	1984	if ( theTree ) {
	1985	theTree->appendList( $1 );
	1986	} else {
	1987	theTree = $1;
	1988	}
	1989	}
	1990	;
[51b73452]	1991
	1992	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	1993	external_definition
	1994	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[de62360d]	1995	{ $$ = ( $1 != NULL ) ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	1996	;
[51b73452]	1997
	1998	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1999	// empty
	2000	{ $$ = 0; }
	2001	\| external_definition_list
	2002	;
[51b73452]	2003
	2004	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2005	declaration
	2006	\| external_function_definition
	2007	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2008	{}
	2009	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2010	{
	2011	linkageStack.push( linkage );
	2012	linkage = LinkageSpec::fromString( *$2 );
	2013	}
	2014	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2015	{
	2016	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2017	linkageStack.pop();
	2018	$$ = $5;
	2019	}
	2020	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2021	{ // mark all fields in list
	2022	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != NULL; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_link() )
	2023	iter->set_extension( true );
	2024	$$ = $2;
	2025	}
[4d51835]	2026	;
	2027
	2028	external_function_definition:
	2029	function_definition
[de62360d]	2030	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2031	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2032	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2033	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2034	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2035	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2036	{
	2037	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2038	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2039	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2040	}
	2041	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2042	{
	2043	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2044	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2045	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2046	}
	2047	;
[51b73452]	2048
	2049	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2050	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2051	{
	2052	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2053	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2054	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2055	}
	2056	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2057	{
	2058	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2059	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2060	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2061	}
	2062	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2063	{
	2064	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2065	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2066	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2067	}
	2068	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2069	{
	2070	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2071	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2072	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2073	}
	2074	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2075	{
	2076	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2077	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2078	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2079	}
	2080
	2081	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2082	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2083	{
	2084	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2085	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2086	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2087	}
	2088	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2089	{
	2090	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2091	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2092	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2093	}
	2094
	2095	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2096	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2097	{
	2098	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2099	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2100	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2101	}
	2102	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2103	{
	2104	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2105	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2106	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2107	}
	2108	;
[51b73452]	2109
	2110	declarator:
[4d51835]	2111	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2112	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2113	\| function_declarator
	2114	;
[51b73452]	2115
	2116	subrange:
[4d51835]	2117	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2118	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2119	;
[b87a5ed]	2120
	2121	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2122	// empty
	2123	\| ASM '(' string_literal_list ')' attribute_list_opt
	2124	;
[b87a5ed]	2125
	2126	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2127	// empty
[1db21619]	2128	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2129	\| attribute_list
	2130	;
[b87a5ed]	2131
	2132	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2133	attribute
	2134	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2135	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2136	;
[b87a5ed]	2137
	2138	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2139	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2140	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
	2141	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2142	;
[b87a5ed]	2143
	2144	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2145	attrib
	2146	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2147	;
[b87a5ed]	2148
	2149	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2150	// empty
	2151	\| any_word
	2152	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')'
	2153	;
[b87a5ed]	2154
	2155	any_word: // GCC
[2871210]	2156	identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	2157	\| storage_class_name {}
	2158	\| basic_type_name {}
	2159	\| type_qualifier {}
	2160	;
[51b73452]	2161
[c11e31c]	2162	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2163	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2164	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2165	// in:
[c11e31c]	2166	//
[b87a5ed]	2167	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2168	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2169	//
[de62360d]	2170	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2171	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2172	// ============================================================================
	2173
	2174	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2175	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2176	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2177	//
[b87a5ed]	2178	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2179	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2180	// int f; int f {}
	2181	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2182	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2183	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2184	//
[de62360d]	2185	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2186	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2187	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2188
[de62360d]	2189	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2190	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2191
	2192	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2193	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2194	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2195	\| variable_ptr
	2196	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2197	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2198	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2199	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2200	;
[51b73452]	2201
	2202	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2203	identifier
	2204	{
[de62360d]	2205	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2206	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2207	}
	2208	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2209	{ $$ = $2; }
	2210	;
[51b73452]	2211
	2212	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2213	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2214	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2215	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2216	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2217	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2218	{ $$ = $2; }
	2219	;
[51b73452]	2220
	2221	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2222	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2223	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2224	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2225	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2226	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2227	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2228	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2229	{ $$ = $2; }
	2230	;
[51b73452]	2231
	2232	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2233	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2234	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2235	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2236	{ $$ = $2; }
	2237	;
[51b73452]	2238
[c6b1105]	2239	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2240	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2241	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2242
	2243	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2244	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2245	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2246	\| function_ptr
	2247	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2248	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2249	;
[51b73452]	2250
	2251	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2252	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2253	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2254	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2255	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2256	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2257	{ $$ = $2; }
	2258	;
[51b73452]	2259
	2260	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2261	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2262	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2263	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2264	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2265	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2266	{ $$ = $2; }
	2267	;
[51b73452]	2268
	2269	function_array:
[4d51835]	2270	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2271	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2272	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2273	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2274	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2275	{ $$ = $2; }
	2276	;
[51b73452]	2277
[de62360d]	2278	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2279	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2280	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2281
	2282	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2283	old_function_no_ptr
	2284	\| old_function_ptr
	2285	\| old_function_array
	2286	;
[51b73452]	2287
	2288	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2289	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2290	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2291	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2292	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2293	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2294	{ $$ = $2; }
	2295	;
[51b73452]	2296
	2297	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2298	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2299	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2300	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2301	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2302	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2303	{ $$ = $2; }
	2304	;
[51b73452]	2305
	2306	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2307	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2308	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2309	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2310	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2311	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2312	{ $$ = $2; }
	2313	;
[51b73452]	2314
[2871210]	2315	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2316	//
[b87a5ed]	2317	// typedef int foo;
	2318	// {
	2319	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2320	// }
[c11e31c]	2321	//
[de62360d]	2322	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2323	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2324
[c6b1105]	2325	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2326	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2327	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2328	\| type_ptr
	2329	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2330	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2331	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2332	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2333	;
[51b73452]	2334
[2871210]	2335	paren_type:
	2336	typedef
	2337	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2338	{ $$ = $2; }
	2339	;
[51b73452]	2340
[2871210]	2341	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2342	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2343	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2344	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2345	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2346	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2347	{ $$ = $2; }
	2348	;
[51b73452]	2349
[2871210]	2350	type_array:
	2351	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2352	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2353	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2354	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2355	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2356	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2357	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2358	{ $$ = $2; }
	2359	;
[51b73452]	2360
[2871210]	2361	type_function:
	2362	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2363	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2364	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2365	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2366	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2367	{ $$ = $2; }
	2368	;
[51b73452]	2369
[de62360d]	2370	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2371	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2372	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2373	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2374
	2375	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2376	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2377	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2378	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2379	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2380	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2381	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2382	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2383	;
[51b73452]	2384
	2385	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2386	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2387	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2388	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2389	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2390	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2391	{ $$ = $2; }
	2392	;
[51b73452]	2393
	2394	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2395	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2396	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2397	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2398	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2399	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2400	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2401	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2402	{ $$ = $2; }
	2403	;
[51b73452]	2404
	2405	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2406	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2407	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2408	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2409	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2410	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2411	{ $$ = $2; }
	2412	;
[b87a5ed]	2413
[de62360d]	2414	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2415	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2416	//
[b87a5ed]	2417	// typedef int foo;
	2418	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2419	//
[de62360d]	2420	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2421	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2422	//
[b87a5ed]	2423	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2424	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2425	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2426	//
[c6b1105]	2427	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2428	//
[b87a5ed]	2429	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2430	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2431	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2432	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2433	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2434	//
[de62360d]	2435	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2436	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2437	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2438	// functions.
[51b73452]	2439
[2871210]	2440	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2441	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2442	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2443	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2444	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2445	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2446	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2447	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2448	;
[51b73452]	2449
	2450	typedef:
[4d51835]	2451	TYPEDEFname
	2452	{
[de62360d]	2453	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2454	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2455	}
[2871210]	2456	\| TYPEGENname
	2457	{
	2458	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2459	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2460	}
[4d51835]	2461	;
[51b73452]	2462
[2871210]	2463	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2464	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2465	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2466	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2467	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2468	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2469	{ $$ = $2; }
	2470	;
[51b73452]	2471
[2871210]	2472	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2473	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2474	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2475	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2476	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2477	;
[51b73452]	2478
[2871210]	2479	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2480	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2481	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2482	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2483	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2484	;
[b87a5ed]	2485
[de62360d]	2486	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2487	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2488	//
[b87a5ed]	2489	// sizeof( int );
	2490	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2491	//
[de62360d]	2492	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2493	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2494
	2495	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2496	abstract_ptr
	2497	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2498	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2499	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2500	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2501	;
[51b73452]	2502
	2503	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2504	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2505	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2506	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2507	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2508	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2509	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2510	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2511	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2512	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2513	{ $$ = $2; }
	2514	;
[51b73452]	2515
	2516	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2517	array_dimension
	2518	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2519	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2520	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2521	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2522	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2523	{ $$ = $2; }
	2524	;
[51b73452]	2525
	2526	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2527	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2528	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, 0, $3, 0 ); }
	2529	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2530	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2531	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2532	{ $$ = $2; }
	2533	;
[51b73452]	2534
	2535	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2536	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2537	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2538	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2539	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2540	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2541	\| multi_array_dimension
	2542	;
[51b73452]	2543
	2544	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2545	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2546	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2547	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2548	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2549	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2550	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2551	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2552	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2553	;
[51b73452]	2554
[c11e31c]	2555	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2556	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2557	//
[b87a5ed]	2558	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2559	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2560	//
[de62360d]	2561	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2562	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2563
	2564	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2565	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2566	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2567	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2568	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2569	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2570	;
[51b73452]	2571
	2572	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2573	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2574	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2575	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2576	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2577	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2578	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2579	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2580	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2581	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2582	{ $$ = $2; }
	2583	;
[51b73452]	2584
	2585	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2586	array_parameter_dimension
	2587	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2588	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2589	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2590	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2591	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2592	{ $$ = $2; }
	2593	;
[51b73452]	2594
	2595	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2596	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2597	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, 0, $3, 0 ); }
	2598	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2599	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2600	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2601	{ $$ = $2; }
	2602	;
[51b73452]	2603
	2604	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2605	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2606	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2607	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2608	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2609	\| multi_array_dimension
	2610	;
[51b73452]	2611
[c11e31c]	2612	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2613	//
[de62360d]	2614	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2615	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2616
	2617	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2618	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2619	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2620	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2621	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2622	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2623	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2624	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2625	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2626	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2627	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2628	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2629	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2630	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2631	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2632	;
[b87a5ed]	2633
[de62360d]	2634	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2635	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2636	//
[b87a5ed]	2637	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2638	//
[de62360d]	2639	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2640	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2641
	2642	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2643	variable_abstract_ptr
	2644	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2645	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2646	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2647	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2648	;
[51b73452]	2649
	2650	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2651	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2652	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2653	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2654	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2655	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2656	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2657	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2658	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2659	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2660	{ $$ = $2; }
	2661	;
[51b73452]	2662
	2663	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2664	array_dimension
	2665	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2666	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2667	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2668	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2669	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2670	{ $$ = $2; }
	2671	;
[51b73452]	2672
	2673	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2674	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2675	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2676	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2677	{ $$ = $2; }
	2678	;
[b87a5ed]	2679
[de62360d]	2680	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2681	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2682
	2683	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2684	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2685	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2686	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2687	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2688	;
[b87a5ed]	2689
	2690	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2691	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2692	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2693	;
[b87a5ed]	2694
	2695	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2696	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2697	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2698	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2699	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2700	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2701	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2702	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2703	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2704	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2705	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2706	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2707	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2708	;
[b87a5ed]	2709
	2710	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2711	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2712	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2713	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2714	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2715	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2716	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2717	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2718	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2719	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2720	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2721	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2722	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2723	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2724	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2725	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2726	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2727	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2728	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2729	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2730	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2731	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2732	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2733	;
[51b73452]	2734
	2735	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2736	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2737	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2738	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2739	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2740	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2741	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2742	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2743	// appear in this context.
	2744	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2745	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2746	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2747	;
[b87a5ed]	2748
[de62360d]	2749	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2750	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2751	//
[b87a5ed]	2752	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2753	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2754	//
	2755	// These rules need LR(3):
	2756	//
[2871210]	2757	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2758	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2759	//
	2760	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2761	//
[b87a5ed]	2762	// [int, int] t;
	2763	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2764	//
[2871210]	2765	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2766	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2767	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2768	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2769
	2770	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2771	new_abstract_tuple
	2772	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2773	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2774	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2775	;
[b87a5ed]	2776
	2777	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2778	new_abstract_ptr
	2779	\| new_abstract_array
	2780	;
[b87a5ed]	2781
	2782	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2783	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2784	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2785	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2786	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2787	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2788	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2789	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2790	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2791	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2792	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2793	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2794	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2795	;
[b87a5ed]	2796
	2797	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2798	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2799	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2800	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2801	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
	2802	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2803	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2804	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2805	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2806	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
	2807	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
	2808	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2809	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2810	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2811	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2812	;
[b87a5ed]	2813
	2814	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2815	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2816	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2817	;
[b87a5ed]	2818
	2819	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[2871210]	2820	'[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2821	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $4, 0 ); }
[4d51835]	2822	\| new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2823	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, $1, $4, 0 ); }
	2824	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2825	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, $1, $4, 0 ); }
	2826	;
[b87a5ed]	2827
[de62360d]	2828	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2829	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2830	//
[de62360d]	2831	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2832	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2833	//
	2834	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2835	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2836	//
[de62360d]	2837	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2838	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2839
[c11e31c]	2840	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2841
[b87a5ed]	2842	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2843	// empty
	2844	\| ','
	2845	;
[51b73452]	2846
	2847	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2848	// empty
	2849	{ $$ = 0; }
	2850	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2851	{ $$ = $2; }
	2852	;
[51b73452]	2853
	2854	%%
[c11e31c]	2855	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2856
[5f2f2d7]	2857	void yyerror( const char * ) {
	2858	std::cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2859	if ( yyfilename ) {
[45161b4d]	2860	std::cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2861	} // if
[b1d6dd5]	2862	std::cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << std::endl;
[51b73452]	2863	}
	2864
[c11e31c]	2865	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2866	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2867	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2868	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2869	// End: //

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