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parser.yy @ 4a9ccc3

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Last change on this file since 4a9ccc3 was 44a81853, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 7 years ago
first attempt at gcc attributes
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Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[44a81853]	12	// Last Modified On : Wed Jan 18 15:51:25 2017
	13	// Update Count : 2135
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
[c11e31c]	34	//
[de62360d]	35	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	36	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	37	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	38	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	39	// grammar rule.
[51b7345]	40
	41	%{
[b87a5ed]	42	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	43	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[51b7345]	44
	45	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	46
	47	#include <cstdio>
	48	#include <stack>
	49	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	50	#include "parser.h"
[51b7345]	51	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	52	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	53	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b7345]	54	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
[2298f728]	55	using namespace std;
[51b7345]	56
[cbaee0d]	57	extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
[8b7ee09]	58	extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
[0da3e2c]	59	extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
	60
[2298f728]	61	stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
[7bf7fb9]	62
[2298f728]	63	void appendStr( string to, string from ) {
[7bf7fb9]	64	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
[ab57786]	65	to->insert( to->length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
[7bf7fb9]	66	} // appendStr
[51b7345]	67	%}
	68
[c11e31c]	69	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b7345]	70
[c11e31c]	71	// keywords
[51b7345]	72	%token TYPEDEF
	73	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	74	%token INLINE // C99
	75	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b7345]	76	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	77	%token RESTRICT // C99
	78	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[3a2128f]	79	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED ZERO_T ONE_T
[90c3b1c]	80	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	81	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	82	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b7345]	83	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[8f60f0b]	84	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	85	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	86	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b7345]	87	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	88	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	89	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	90	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b7345]	91
[c11e31c]	92	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	93	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	94	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
[1b29996]	95	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	96	// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
	97	// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
	98	// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
	99	%token<tok> REALDECIMALconstant REALFRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
[b87a5ed]	100	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b7345]	101
[c11e31c]	102	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	103	%token ARROW // ->
	104	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	105	%token LS RS // << >>
	106	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	107	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	108	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	109
	110	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	111	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	112	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	113	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b7345]	114
[e7aed49]	115	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	116
[c11e31c]	117	// Types declaration
[51b7345]	118	%union
	119	{
[b87a5ed]	120	Token tok;
	121	ParseNode *pn;
	122	ExpressionNode *en;
	123	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	124	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	125	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	126	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	127	ConstantExpr *constant;
[2f22cc4]	128	ForCtl *fctl;
[7f5566b]	129	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	130	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	131	OperKinds op;
[ab57786]	132	std::string *str;
[7f5566b]	133	bool flag;
[51b7345]	134	}
	135
[097e2b0]	136	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[44a81853]	137	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name attr_name
[ab57786]	138	%type<constant> string_literal
	139	%type<str> string_literal_list
[51b7345]	140
[c11e31c]	141	// expressions
[d1625f8]	142	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	143	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	144	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	145	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	146	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	147	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	148	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	149	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	150	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	151	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression assignment_opt
	152	%type<fctl> for_control_expression
[51b7345]	153	%type<en> subrange
[58dd019]	154	%type<constant> asm_name_opt
[7f5566b]	155	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	156	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	157	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	158	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b7345]	159
[c11e31c]	160	// statements
[b87a5ed]	161	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	162	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	163	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	164	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	165	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b7345]	166	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	167	%type<en> case_value
	168	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	169	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
[1d4580a]	170	%type<sn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b7345]	171
[c11e31c]	172	// declarations
[51b7345]	173	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	174	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	175	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	176
	177	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	178	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	179
	180	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	181
	182	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	183
	184	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	185
	186	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	187
[4040425]	188	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b7345]	189
	190	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	191	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	192
	193	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	194
	195	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	196	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	197
	198	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	199
	200	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
[8780e30]	201	%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
[51b7345]	202
[4d51835]	203	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b7345]	204
	205	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	206	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	207
	208	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	209	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	210	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	211
	212	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	213
[4040425]	214	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b7345]	215	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	216
	217	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	218	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	219
	220	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	221
	222	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	223
	224	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	225	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	226
	227	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	228	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	229
[2871210]	230	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b7345]	231
[0da3e2c]	232	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
[51b7345]	233
	234	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	235
	236	%type<tclass> type_class
	237	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	238
[2871210]	239	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	240	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	241	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	242	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b7345]	243
	244	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	245	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	246
	247	%type<en> type_name_list
	248
	249	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	250
	251	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	252	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	253
[44a81853]	254	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute_name_list attribute attribute_name
[1db21619]	255
[c11e31c]	256	// initializers
[51b7345]	257	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	258
[c11e31c]	259	// designators
[51b7345]	260	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	261
	262
[b87a5ed]	263	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	264	// is ambiguous:
	265	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	266	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	267	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b7345]	268
[c11e31c]	269	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	270	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b7345]	271
[b87a5ed]	272	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b7345]	273
	274	%%
[c11e31c]	275	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	276
[de62360d]	277	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	278	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	279	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	280	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	281	//
[de62360d]	282	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
[9059213]	283	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
[de62360d]	284	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	285	//
[de62360d]	286	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
[9059213]	287	// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
	288	// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	289	//
[de62360d]	290	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	291	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	292	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	293	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
[9059213]	294	// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
[c11e31c]	295	//
[de62360d]	296	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	297	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	298	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	299	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	300	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	301	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	302	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b7345]	303
	304	push:
[ab57786]	305	{ typedefTable.enterScope(); }
[4d51835]	306	;
[51b7345]	307
	308	pop:
[ab57786]	309	{ typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
[4d51835]	310	;
[51b7345]	311
[c11e31c]	312	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b7345]	313
	314	constant:
[de62360d]	315	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[ab57786]	316	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	317	\| REALDECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	318	\| REALFRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
[ab57786]	319	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	320	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	321	;
[51b7345]	322
	323	identifier:
[4d51835]	324	IDENTIFIER
	325	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	326	\| zero_one // CFA
	327	;
[51b7345]	328
	329	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	330	IDENTIFIER
	331	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	332	;
[51b7345]	333
	334	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	335	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	336	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	337	;
[51b7345]	338
[b87a5ed]	339	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	340	ZERO
	341	\| ONE
	342	;
[51b7345]	343
[ab57786]	344	string_literal:
	345	string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
	346	;
	347
[b87a5ed]	348	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[ab57786]	349	STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	350	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	351	{
[ab57786]	352	appendStr( $1, $2 ); // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
[7bf7fb9]	353	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
[ab57786]	354	$$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	355	}
[4d51835]	356	;
[51b7345]	357
[c11e31c]	358	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b7345]	359
	360	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	361	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	362	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	363	\| zero_one
[4cb935e]	364	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	365	\| tuple
[4d51835]	366	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	367	{ $$ = $2; }
	368	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[1b77274]	369	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	370	;
[51b7345]	371
	372	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	373	primary_expression
	374	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	375	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	376	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	377	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	378	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	379	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	380	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	381	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	382	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	383	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	384	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	385	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	386	\| postfix_expression REALFRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
[8780e30]	387	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	388	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	389	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	390	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	391	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	392	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	393	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	394	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	395	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	396	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	397	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	398	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	399	{
[9706554]	400	Token fn;
[9c23f31]	401	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
[b6fe7e6]	402	$$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	403	}
[4d51835]	404	;
[51b7345]	405
	406	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	407	argument_expression
	408	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[1d4580a]	409	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	410	;
[51b7345]	411
	412	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	413	// empty
[58dd019]	414	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	415	\| assignment_expression
	416	;
[b87a5ed]	417
	418	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	419	field
[1d4580a]	420	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	421	;
[b87a5ed]	422
	423	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[faddbd8]	424	field_name
[1b29996]	425	\| REALDECIMALconstant field
[8780e30]	426	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	427	\| REALDECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
[8780e30]	428	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	429	\| field_name '.' field
[bf32bb8]	430	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	431	\| field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	432	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	433	\| field_name ARROW field
[bf32bb8]	434	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	435	\| field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	436	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	437	;
[51b7345]	438
[faddbd8]	439	field_name:
[1b29996]	440	INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	441	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	442	\| FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	443	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	444	\| no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
[4cb935e]	445	{
	446	if( ($1) == "0" \|\| ($1) == "1" ) {
	447	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ), $2 ) );
	448	} else {
	449	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
	450	}
	451	}
[1b29996]	452	;
	453
	454	fraction_constants:
	455	// empty
[8780e30]	456	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[1b29996]	457	\| fraction_constants REALFRACTIONconstant
[8780e30]	458	{
	459	Expression * constant = build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
	460	$$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
	461	}
[faddbd8]	462	;
	463
[51b7345]	464	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	465	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	466	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	467	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	468	\| constant
	469	{ $$ = $1; }
[ab57786]	470	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	471	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	472	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	473	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	474	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	475	// { * X; } // dereference X
	476	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	477	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	478	{
	479	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	480	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	481	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	482	break;
[d9e2280]	483	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	484	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	485	break;
	486	default:
	487	assert( false );
	488	}
	489	}
[4d51835]	490	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	491	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	492	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	493	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	494	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	495	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	496	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	497	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	498	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	499	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	500	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	501	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	502	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	503	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	504	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	505	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	506	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	507	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	508	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	509	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	510	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	511	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	512	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	513	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	514	;
[51b7345]	515
[dd51906]	516	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	517	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	518	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	519	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	520	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	521	;
	522
[51b7345]	523	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	524	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	525	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	526	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	527	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	528	;
[51b7345]	529
	530	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	531	unary_expression
	532	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	533	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	534	// \| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
	535	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	536	;
[51b7345]	537
	538	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	539	cast_expression
	540	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	541	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	542	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	543	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	544	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	545	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	546	;
[51b7345]	547
	548	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	549	multiplicative_expression
	550	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	551	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	552	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	553	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	554	;
[51b7345]	555
	556	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	557	additive_expression
	558	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	559	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	560	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	561	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	562	;
[51b7345]	563
	564	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	565	shift_expression
	566	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	567	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	568	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	569	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	570	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	571	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	572	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	573	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	574	;
[51b7345]	575
	576	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	577	relational_expression
	578	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	579	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	580	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	581	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	582	;
[51b7345]	583
	584	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	585	equality_expression
	586	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	587	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	588	;
[51b7345]	589
	590	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	591	AND_expression
	592	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	593	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	594	;
[51b7345]	595
	596	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	597	exclusive_OR_expression
	598	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	599	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	600	;
[51b7345]	601
	602	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	603	inclusive_OR_expression
	604	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	605	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	606	;
[51b7345]	607
	608	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	609	logical_AND_expression
	610	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	611	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	612	;
[51b7345]	613
	614	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	615	logical_OR_expression
	616	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	617	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	618	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	619	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	620	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	621	// \| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
	622	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	623	;
[51b7345]	624
	625	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	626	conditional_expression
	627	;
[51b7345]	628
	629	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	630	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	631	conditional_expression
	632	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	633	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[1b29996]	634	// \| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
	635	// { $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	636	;
[51b7345]	637
	638	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	639	// empty
[d1625f8]	640	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	641	\| assignment_expression
	642	;
[b87a5ed]	643
[9706554]	644	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	645	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
[a839867]	646	\| ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
[d9e2280]	647	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	648	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	649	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	650	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	651	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	652	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	653	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	654	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	655	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	656	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[413ad05]	657	;
[9706554]	658
[b87a5ed]	659	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	660	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	661	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[1b29996]	662	// '[' ']'
	663	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
	664	// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	665	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
	666	'[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	667	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	668	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	669	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	670	;
[51b7345]	671
	672	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	673	assignment_expression_opt
	674	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
[1d4580a]	675	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	676	;
[51b7345]	677
	678	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	679	assignment_expression
[9706554]	680	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	681	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	682	;
[51b7345]	683
	684	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	685	// empty
[58dd019]	686	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	687	\| comma_expression
	688	;
[51b7345]	689
[c11e31c]	690	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b7345]	691
	692	statement:
[4d51835]	693	labeled_statement
	694	\| compound_statement
	695	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	696	\| selection_statement
	697	\| iteration_statement
	698	\| jump_statement
	699	\| exception_statement
	700	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	701	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	702	{
[d9e2280]	703	Token fn;
[2298f728]	704	fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[e82aa9df]	705	$$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	706	}
[4d51835]	707	;
[51b7345]	708
	709	labeled_statement:
[44a81853]	710	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1 or ATTR_IDENTIFIER
	711	identifier_or_type_name ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	712	{
[44a81853]	713	$$ = $4->add_label( $1, $3 );
[1db21619]	714	}
[4d51835]	715	;
[51b7345]	716
	717	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	718	'{' '}'
[e82aa9df]	719	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	720	\| '{'
[de62360d]	721	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
[3a2128f]	722	// requires its own scope.
[4d51835]	723	push push
[51b1202]	724	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	725	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
[e82aa9df]	726	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	727	;
[b87a5ed]	728
	729	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	730	block_item
	731	\| block_item_list push block_item
[1d4580a]	732	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	733	;
[51b7345]	734
	735	block_item:
[4d51835]	736	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
[e82aa9df]	737	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	738	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	739	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	740	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	741	iter->set_extension( true );
[e82aa9df]	742	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
[8e9cbb2]	743	}
[4d51835]	744	\| function_definition
[e82aa9df]	745	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	746	\| statement pop
	747	;
[51b7345]	748
	749	statement_list:
[4d51835]	750	statement
	751	\| statement_list statement
[1d4580a]	752	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	753	;
[51b7345]	754
	755	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	756	comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	757	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	758	;
[51b7345]	759
	760	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	761	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	762	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[e82aa9df]	763	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	764	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[e82aa9df]	765	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
[4d51835]	766	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	767	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	768	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	769	{
[e82aa9df]	770	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[4e06c1e]	771	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	772	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	773	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	774	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	775	// statement.
[a7741435]	776	$$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	777	}
[4d51835]	778	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	779	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	780	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	781	{
[e82aa9df]	782	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[a7741435]	783	$$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	784	}
[4d51835]	785	;
[b87a5ed]	786
[de62360d]	787	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	788	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	789
	790	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	791	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	792	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	793	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	794	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	795	;
[b87a5ed]	796
	797	case_value_list: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	798	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
[064e3ff]	799	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[e82aa9df]	800	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	801	;
[b87a5ed]	802
	803	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	804	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[e82aa9df]	805	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
[4d51835]	806	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	807	;
[b87a5ed]	808
	809	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	810	case_label
[1d4580a]	811	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	812	;
[b87a5ed]	813
	814	case_clause: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	815	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	816	;
[b87a5ed]	817
	818	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	819	// empty
[58dd019]	820	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	821	\| switch_clause_list
	822	;
[b87a5ed]	823
	824	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	825	case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	826	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	827	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	828	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	829	;
[b87a5ed]	830
	831	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	832	// empty
[58dd019]	833	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	834	\| choose_clause_list
	835	;
[b87a5ed]	836
	837	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	838	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	839	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	840	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	841	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	842	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[1d4580a]	843	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	844	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	845	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode )$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	846	;
[b87a5ed]	847
	848	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	849	// empty
[ab57786]	850	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	851	\| fall_through
	852	;
[b87a5ed]	853
	854	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	855	FALLTHRU
[58dd019]	856	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4e06c1e]	857	\| FALLTHRU ';'
[58dd019]	858	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	859	;
[51b7345]	860
	861	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	862	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	863	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	864	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[5b639ee]	865	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	866	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	867	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
[4d51835]	868	;
[51b7345]	869
	870	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	871	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	872	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	873	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[2f22cc4]	874	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	875	;
[51b7345]	876
	877	jump_statement:
[44a81853]	878	GOTO identifier_or_type_name ';'
[ab57786]	879	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
[4d51835]	880	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	881	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	882	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
[e82aa9df]	883	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	884	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	885	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	886	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[44a81853]	887	\| CONTINUE identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	888	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	889	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	890	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4d51835]	891	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	892	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	893	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[44a81853]	894	\| BREAK identifier_or_type_name ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	895	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	896	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	897	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4d51835]	898	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	899	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	900	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
[e82aa9df]	901	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	902	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	903	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	904	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	905	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	906	;
[51b7345]	907
	908	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	909	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[e82aa9df]	910	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	911	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	912	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	913	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	914	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	915	;
[51b7345]	916
	917	handler_list:
[4d51835]	918	handler_clause
[de62360d]	919	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	920	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	921	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	922	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	923	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	924	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	925	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	926	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	927	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	928	;
[51b7345]	929
	930	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	931	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	932	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[4d51835]	933	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[1b77274]	934	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	935	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	936	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	937	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	938	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	939	;
[51b7345]	940
	941	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	942	FINALLY compound_statement
	943	{
[e82aa9df]	944	$$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
[4d51835]	945	}
	946	;
[51b7345]	947
	948	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	949	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	950	//
	951	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	952	//
	953	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	954	type_specifier
	955	\| type_specifier declarator
	956	{
	957	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	958	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	959	}
	960	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	961	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	962	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	963	{
	964	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	965	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	966	}
	967	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	968	;
[51b7345]	969
	970	asm_statement:
[ab57786]	971	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	972	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
[ab57786]	973	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
[e82aa9df]	974	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[ab57786]	975	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	976	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
[ab57786]	977	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	978	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
[ab57786]	979	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	980	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	981	;
	982
	983	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	984	// empty
	985	{ $$ = false; }
	986	\| VOLATILE
	987	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	988	;
[b87a5ed]	989
	990	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	991	// empty
[58dd019]	992	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	993	\| asm_operands_list
	994	;
[b87a5ed]	995
	996	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	997	asm_operand
	998	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[1d4580a]	999	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	1000	;
[b87a5ed]	1001
	1002	asm_operand: // GCC
[ab57786]	1003	string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	1004	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[ab57786]	1005	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[1b77274]	1006	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	1007	;
	1008
[4e06c1e]	1009	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	1010	// empty
[58dd019]	1011	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[ab57786]	1012	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	1013	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[ab57786]	1014	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
[a7741435]	1015	// set_last return ParseNode *
[e82aa9df]	1016	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1017	;
[b87a5ed]	1018
[7f5566b]	1019	label_list:
	1020	no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1021	{
	1022	$$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
	1023	delete $1; // allocated by lexer
	1024	}
[7f5566b]	1025	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1026	{
	1027	$$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
	1028	delete $3; // allocated by lexer
	1029	}
[4d51835]	1030	;
[51b7345]	1031
[c11e31c]	1032	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b7345]	1033
[b87a5ed]	1034	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	1035	pop
[58dd019]	1036	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1037	\| declaration_list
	1038	;
[51b7345]	1039
	1040	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1041	declaration
	1042	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1043	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1044	;
[51b7345]	1045
[b87a5ed]	1046	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1047	pop
[58dd019]	1048	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1049	\| old_declaration_list
	1050	;
[51b7345]	1051
	1052	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1053	old_declaration
	1054	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1055	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1056	;
[b87a5ed]	1057
[51b1202]	1058	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1059	// empty
[51b1202]	1060	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1061	;
[b87a5ed]	1062
[51b1202]	1063	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1064	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1065	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1066	;
[b87a5ed]	1067
[51b1202]	1068	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1069	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1070	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1071	;
[b87a5ed]	1072
	1073	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1074	new_declaration
	1075	\| old_declaration
	1076	;
[b87a5ed]	1077
[de62360d]	1078	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1079	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1080	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1081	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1082	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1083	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1084	//
[b87a5ed]	1085	// CFA C
	1086	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1087	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1088
	1089	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1090	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1091	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1092	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1093	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1094	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1095	;
[b87a5ed]	1096
	1097	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1098	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1099	{
	1100	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1101	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1102	}
	1103	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1104	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1105	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1106	{
	1107	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1108	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1109	}
[2871210]	1110	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1111	{
	1112	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1113	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1114	}
	1115	;
[b87a5ed]	1116
	1117	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1118	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1119	// storage-class
[2871210]	1120	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1121	{
	1122	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
[58dd019]	1123	$$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
[4d51835]	1124	}
[2871210]	1125	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1126	{
	1127	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
[58dd019]	1128	$$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
[4d51835]	1129	}
[2871210]	1130	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1131	{
	1132	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
[58dd019]	1133	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
[4d51835]	1134	}
	1135	;
[b87a5ed]	1136
	1137	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1138	new_function_specifier
	1139	{
	1140	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1141	$$ = $1;
	1142	}
	1143	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1144	{
	1145	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1146	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1147	}
	1148	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1149	{
	1150	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1151	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1152	}
	1153	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1154	{
	1155	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1156	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1157	}
[2871210]	1158	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1159	{
	1160	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1161	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1162	}
	1163	;
[b87a5ed]	1164
	1165	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[1b29996]	1166	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
	1167	// {
	1168	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
	1169	// }
[2871210]	1170	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1171	// {
	1172	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1173	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1174	// }
	1175	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1176	// {
	1177	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1178	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1179	// }
	1180	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1181	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1182	//
[2871210]	1183	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1184	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1185	//
[2871210]	1186	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1187	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
[1b29996]	1188	new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1189	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1190	{
	1191	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1192	}
[2871210]	1193	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1194	{
	1195	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1196	}
	1197	;
[b87a5ed]	1198
	1199	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1200	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1201	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1202	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1203	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1204	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1205	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1206	;
[b87a5ed]	1207
	1208	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1209	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1210	{
[de62360d]	1211	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1212	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1213	}
	1214	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1215	{
[de62360d]	1216	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1217	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1218	}
	1219	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1220	{
[de62360d]	1221	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1222	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1223	}
	1224	;
[b87a5ed]	1225
[de62360d]	1226	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1227	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b7345]	1228
	1229	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1230	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1231	{
[de62360d]	1232	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1233	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1234	}
	1235	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1236	{
[de62360d]	1237	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1238	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1239	}
[de62360d]	1240	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1241	{
[de62360d]	1242	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1243	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1244	}
	1245	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1246	{
[de62360d]	1247	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1248	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1249	}
	1250	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1251	{
[de62360d]	1252	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1253	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1254	}
	1255	;
[b87a5ed]	1256
[721f17a]	1257	typedef_expression:
	1258	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1259	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1260	{
[de62360d]	1261	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1262	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1263	}
	1264	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1265	{
[de62360d]	1266	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1267	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1268	}
	1269	;
[51b7345]	1270
	1271	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1272	declaring_list pop ';'
	1273	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1274	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1275	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1276	;
[51b7345]	1277
	1278	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1279	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1280	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1281	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1282	{
	1283	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[58dd019]	1284	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1285	}
	1286	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1287	{
	1288	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[58dd019]	1289	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1290	}
	1291	;
[b87a5ed]	1292
	1293	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1294	basic_declaration_specifier
	1295	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1296	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1297	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1298	;
[b87a5ed]	1299
	1300	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1301	basic_type_specifier
	1302	\| sue_type_specifier
	1303	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1304	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1305	;
[b87a5ed]	1306
	1307	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1308	// empty
[58dd019]	1309	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1310	\| type_qualifier_list
	1311	;
[51b7345]	1312
	1313	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1314	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1315	//
[de62360d]	1316	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1317	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1318	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1319	type_qualifier
	1320	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1321	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1322	;
[51b7345]	1323
	1324	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1325	type_qualifier_name
	1326	\| attribute
	1327	;
[51b7345]	1328
	1329	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1330	CONST
	1331	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1332	\| RESTRICT
	1333	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1334	\| VOLATILE
	1335	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1336	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1337	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1338	\| ATOMIC
	1339	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1340	\| FORALL '('
	1341	{
	1342	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1343	}
	1344	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1345	{
	1346	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1347	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1348	}
	1349	;
[51b7345]	1350
	1351	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1352	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1353	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1354	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1355	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1356	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1357	;
[51b7345]	1358
	1359	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1360	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1361	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1362	//
[de62360d]	1363	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1364	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1365	storage_class
	1366	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1367	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1368	;
[51b7345]	1369
	1370	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1371	EXTERN
	1372	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1373	\| STATIC
	1374	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1375	\| AUTO
	1376	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1377	\| REGISTER
	1378	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1379	\| INLINE // C99
[c1c1112]	1380	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1381	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isInline = true; }
[4d51835]	1382	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1383	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1384	\| NORETURN // C11
[c1c1112]	1385	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1386	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isNoreturn = true; }
[68cd1ce]	1387	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1388	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1389	;
[51b7345]	1390
	1391	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1392	CHAR
	1393	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1394	\| DOUBLE
	1395	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1396	\| FLOAT
	1397	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1398	\| INT
	1399	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1400	\| LONG
[5b639ee]	1401	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
[4d51835]	1402	\| SHORT
[5b639ee]	1403	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
[4d51835]	1404	\| SIGNED
[5b639ee]	1405	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
[4d51835]	1406	\| UNSIGNED
[5b639ee]	1407	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
[4d51835]	1408	\| VOID
	1409	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1410	\| BOOL // C99
	1411	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1412	\| COMPLEX // C99
[5b639ee]	1413	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
[4d51835]	1414	\| IMAGINARY // C99
[5b639ee]	1415	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1416	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1417	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[3a2128f]	1418	\| ZERO_T
[148f7290]	1419	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
[3a2128f]	1420	\| ONE_T
[148f7290]	1421	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
[4d51835]	1422	;
[51b7345]	1423
	1424	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1425	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1426	basic_type_specifier
	1427	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1428	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1429	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1430	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1431	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1432	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1433	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1434	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1435	;
[51b7345]	1436
	1437	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1438	direct_type_name
	1439	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1440	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1441	;
[51b7345]	1442
	1443	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1444	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1445	basic_type_name
	1446	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1447	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1448	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1449	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1450	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1451	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1452	;
[51b7345]	1453
	1454	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1455	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1456	{ $$ = $3; }
	1457	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1458	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1459	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1460	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1461	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1462	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1463	;
[51b7345]	1464
	1465	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1466	sue_type_specifier
	1467	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1468	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1469	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1470	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1471	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1472	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1473	;
[51b7345]	1474
	1475	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1476	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1477	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1478	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1479	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1480	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1481	;
[51b7345]	1482
	1483	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1484	typedef_type_specifier
	1485	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1486	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1487	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1488	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1489	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1490	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1491	;
[b87a5ed]	1492
	1493	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1494	TYPEDEFname
	1495	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1496	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1497	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1498	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1499	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1500	;
[51b7345]	1501
	1502	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1503	aggregate_name
	1504	\| enum_name
	1505	;
[51b7345]	1506
	1507	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1508	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[2298f728]	1509	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, nullptr, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1510	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1511	{
	1512	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[2298f728]	1513	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, nullptr, false );
[45161b4d]	1514	}
	1515	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1516	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1517	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[1b77274]	1518	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1519	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[2298f728]	1520	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1521	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1522	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1523	;
[51b7345]	1524
	1525	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1526	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1527	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1528	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1529	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1530	;
[51b7345]	1531
	1532	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1533	// empty
[58dd019]	1534	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1535	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[a7741435]	1536	{ $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1537	;
[51b7345]	1538
	1539	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1540	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1541	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1542	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1543	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1544	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1545	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	1546	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	1547	iter->set_extension( true );
	1548	$$ = $2;
	1549	}
[4d51835]	1550	;
[b87a5ed]	1551
	1552	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1553	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1554	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1555	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1556	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1557	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1558	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1559	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1560	;
[51b7345]	1561
	1562	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1563	type_specifier field_declarator
	1564	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1565	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1566	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1567	;
[51b7345]	1568
	1569	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1570	// empty
	1571	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1572	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1573	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1574	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1575	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1576	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1577	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1578	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1579	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1580	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1581	;
[51b7345]	1582
	1583	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1584	// empty
[58dd019]	1585	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1586	\| bit_subrange_size
	1587	{ $$ = $1; }
	1588	;
[51b7345]	1589
	1590	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1591	':' constant_expression
	1592	{ $$ = $2; }
	1593	;
[51b7345]	1594
	1595	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1596	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1597	;
[51b7345]	1598
	1599	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1600	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
[2298f728]	1601	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1602	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1603	{
	1604	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1605	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1606	}
	1607	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1608	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1609	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1610	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1611	;
[51b7345]	1612
	1613	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1614	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1615	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1616	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1617	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1618	;
[51b7345]	1619
	1620	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1621	// empty
[58dd019]	1622	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1623	\| '=' constant_expression
	1624	{ $$ = $2; }
	1625	;
[51b7345]	1626
[c11e31c]	1627	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b7345]	1628
[b87a5ed]	1629	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1630	// empty
[58dd019]	1631	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1632	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1633	;
[b87a5ed]	1634
	1635	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1636	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1637	\| new_parameter_list
	1638	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1639	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1640	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1641	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1642	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1643	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1644	;
[b87a5ed]	1645
	1646	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1647	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1648	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1649	new_parameter_declaration
	1650	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1651	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1652	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1653	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1654	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1655	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1656	;
[b87a5ed]	1657
	1658	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1659	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1660	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1661	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1662	;
[51b7345]	1663
	1664	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1665	// empty
[58dd019]	1666	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1667	\| parameter_type_list
	1668	;
[51b7345]	1669
	1670	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1671	parameter_list
	1672	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1673	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1674	;
[b87a5ed]	1675
	1676	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1677	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1678	\| parameter_declaration
	1679	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1680	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1681	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1682	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1683	;
[51b7345]	1684
[de62360d]	1685	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1686	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b7345]	1687
[b87a5ed]	1688	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1689	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1690	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1691	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1692	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1693	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1694	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1695	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1696	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1697	\| new_function_specifier
	1698	;
[b87a5ed]	1699
	1700	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1701	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1702	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1703	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1704	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1705	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1706	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1707	\| new_abstract_function
	1708	;
[51b7345]	1709
	1710	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1711	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1712	{
	1713	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[a7741435]	1714	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
[4d51835]	1715	}
[2871210]	1716	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1717	{
	1718	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[a7741435]	1719	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
[4d51835]	1720	}
	1721	;
[51b7345]	1722
	1723	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1724	declaration_specifier
	1725	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1726	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1727	;
[51b7345]	1728
[c11e31c]	1729	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1730	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1731	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b7345]	1732
[b87a5ed]	1733	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1734	no_attr_identifier
	1735	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1736	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1737	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1738	;
[51b7345]	1739
[2871210]	1740	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1741	identifier
	1742	\| TYPEDEFname
	1743	\| TYPEGENname
	1744	;
[51b7345]	1745
[2871210]	1746	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1747	no_01_identifier
	1748	\| TYPEDEFname
	1749	\| TYPEGENname
	1750	;
[51b7345]	1751
[2871210]	1752	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1753	no_attr_identifier
	1754	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1755	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1756	;
[b87a5ed]	1757
	1758	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1759	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1760	\| type_specifier
	1761	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1762	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1763	;
[b87a5ed]	1764
	1765	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1766	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1767	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1768	\| type_specifier
	1769	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1770	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1771	;
[51b7345]	1772
	1773	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1774	// empty
[58dd019]	1775	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[2871210]	1776	\| '=' initializer
	1777	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1778	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1779	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1780	;
[51b7345]	1781
	1782	initializer:
[de62360d]	1783	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1784	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1785	;
[51b7345]	1786
	1787	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1788	// empty
[58dd019]	1789	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[097e2b0]	1790	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1791	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[1d4580a]	1792	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1793	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[1d4580a]	1794	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1795	;
[b87a5ed]	1796
[de62360d]	1797	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1798	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1799	//
[b87a5ed]	1800	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1801	//
[de62360d]	1802	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1803	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1804	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1805	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b7345]	1806
	1807	designation:
[4d51835]	1808	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1809	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1810	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1811	;
[51b7345]	1812
[b87a5ed]	1813	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1814	designator
[2871210]	1815	\| designator_list designator
[1d4580a]	1816	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
[d1625f8]	1817	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1818	;
[51b7345]	1819
	1820	designator:
[d1625f8]	1821	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1822	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1823	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1824	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1825	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1826	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1827	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1828	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1829	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1830	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1831	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1832	;
[51b7345]	1833
[de62360d]	1834	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1835	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1836	//
	1837	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1838	//
[de62360d]	1839	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1840	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1841	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1842	//
[de62360d]	1843	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1844	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1845	//
	1846	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1847	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1848	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1849	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1850	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1851
[b87a5ed]	1852	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1853	typegen_type_specifier
	1854	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1855	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1856	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1857	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1858	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1859	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1860	;
[b87a5ed]	1861
	1862	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1863	typegen_name
	1864	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1865	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1866	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1867	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1868	;
[b87a5ed]	1869
[2871210]	1870	typegen_name: // CFA
	1871	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1872	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1873	;
	1874
[b87a5ed]	1875	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1876	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1877	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1878	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1879	;
[b87a5ed]	1880
	1881	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1882	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1883	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1884	assertion_list_opt
	1885	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1886	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1887	;
[b87a5ed]	1888
	1889	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1890	OTYPE
[5b639ee]	1891	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
[4d51835]	1892	\| DTYPE
	1893	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
[8f60f0b]	1894	\| FTYPE
	1895	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1896	\| TTYPE
	1897	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
[4d51835]	1898	;
[b87a5ed]	1899
	1900	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1901	// empty
[58dd019]	1902	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1903	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[a7741435]	1904	{ $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1905	;
[b87a5ed]	1906
	1907	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1908	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1909	{
[4040425]	1910	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1911	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1912	}
[4040425]	1913	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1914	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1915	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[58dd019]	1916	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1917	;
[b87a5ed]	1918
	1919	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1920	type_name
[d1625f8]	1921	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1922	\| assignment_expression
	1923	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[1d4580a]	1924	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1925	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[1d4580a]	1926	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1927	;
[b87a5ed]	1928
	1929	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1930	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1931	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1932	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1933	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1934	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1935	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1936	;
[b87a5ed]	1937
	1938	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1939	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1940	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1941	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1942	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1943	;
[b87a5ed]	1944
	1945	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1946	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1947	{
[de62360d]	1948	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1949	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1950	}
[2871210]	1951	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1952	{
[de62360d]	1953	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1954	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1955	}
	1956	;
[b87a5ed]	1957
[4040425]	1958	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1959	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1960	{
[de62360d]	1961	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1962	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1963	}
[4040425]	1964	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1965	{
[4040425]	1966	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1967	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1968	}
[4040425]	1969	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1970	{
[4040425]	1971	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1972	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1973	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1974	}
	1975	;
[b87a5ed]	1976
[4040425]	1977	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1978	trait_declaration
	1979	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1980	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1981	;
[b87a5ed]	1982
[4040425]	1983	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1984	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1985	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1986	;
[b87a5ed]	1987
[4040425]	1988	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1989	new_variable_specifier
	1990	{
	1991	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1992	$$ = $1;
	1993	}
	1994	\| new_function_specifier
	1995	{
	1996	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1997	$$ = $1;
	1998	}
[4040425]	1999	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	2000	{
[de62360d]	2001	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	2002	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	2003	}
	2004	;
[b87a5ed]	2005
[4040425]	2006	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	2007	type_specifier declarator
	2008	{
	2009	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2010	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	2011	}
[4040425]	2012	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	2013	{
	2014	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2015	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	2016	}
	2017	;
[51b7345]	2018
[c11e31c]	2019	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b7345]	2020
	2021	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	2022	// empty
	2023	{} // empty input file
	2024	\| external_definition_list
[a7741435]	2025	{ parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
[4d51835]	2026	;
[51b7345]	2027
	2028	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	2029	external_definition
	2030	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[a7741435]	2031	{ $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	2032	;
[51b7345]	2033
	2034	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	2035	// empty
[58dd019]	2036	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2037	\| external_definition_list
	2038	;
[51b7345]	2039
	2040	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2041	declaration
	2042	\| external_function_definition
	2043	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2044	{}
	2045	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2046	{
[3b8e52c]	2047	linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
[faddbd8]	2048	linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageCheck( $2 );
[4d51835]	2049	}
	2050	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2051	{
	2052	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2053	linkageStack.pop();
	2054	$$ = $5;
	2055	}
	2056	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2057	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	2058	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	2059	iter->set_extension( true );
	2060	$$ = $2;
	2061	}
[4d51835]	2062	;
	2063
	2064	external_function_definition:
	2065	function_definition
[de62360d]	2066	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2067	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2068	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2069	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2070	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2071	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2072	{
	2073	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2074	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2075	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2076	}
	2077	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2078	{
	2079	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2080	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2081	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2082	}
	2083	;
[51b7345]	2084
	2085	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2086	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2087	{
	2088	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2089	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2090	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2091	}
	2092	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2093	{
	2094	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2095	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2096	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2097	}
	2098	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2099	{
	2100	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2101	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2102	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2103	}
	2104	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2105	{
	2106	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2107	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2108	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2109	}
	2110	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2111	{
	2112	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2113	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2114	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2115	}
	2116
	2117	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2118	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2119	{
	2120	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2121	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2122	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2123	}
	2124	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2125	{
	2126	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2127	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2128	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2129	}
	2130
	2131	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2132	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2133	{
	2134	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2135	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2136	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2137	}
	2138	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2139	{
	2140	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2141	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2142	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2143	}
	2144	;
[51b7345]	2145
	2146	declarator:
[4d51835]	2147	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2148	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2149	\| function_declarator
	2150	;
[51b7345]	2151
	2152	subrange:
[4d51835]	2153	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2154	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2155	;
[b87a5ed]	2156
	2157	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2158	// empty
[58dd019]	2159	{ $$ = nullptr; }
	2160	\| ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
	2161	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	2162	;
[b87a5ed]	2163
	2164	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2165	// empty
[58dd019]	2166	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2167	\| attribute_list
	2168	;
[b87a5ed]	2169
	2170	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2171	attribute
	2172	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2173	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2174	;
[b87a5ed]	2175
	2176	attribute: // GCC
[44a81853]	2177	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_name_list ')' ')'
	2178	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	2179	;
[b87a5ed]	2180
[44a81853]	2181	attribute_name_list: // GCC
	2182	attribute_name
	2183	\| attribute_name_list ',' attribute_name
	2184	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2185	;
[b87a5ed]	2186
[44a81853]	2187	attribute_name: // GCC
[4d51835]	2188	// empty
[44a81853]	2189	{ $$ = nullptr; }
	2190	\| attr_name
	2191	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1 ); }
	2192	\| attr_name '(' argument_expression_list ')'
	2193	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttribute( $1, $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2194	;
[b87a5ed]	2195
[44a81853]	2196	attr_name: // GCC
	2197	IDENTIFIER
	2198	\| TYPEDEFname
	2199	\| TYPEGENname
	2200	\| CONST
	2201	{ $$ = Token{ new string( "__const__" ) }; }
[4d51835]	2202	;
[51b7345]	2203
[c11e31c]	2204	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2205	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2206	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2207	// in:
[c11e31c]	2208	//
[b87a5ed]	2209	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2210	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2211	//
[de62360d]	2212	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2213	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2214	// ============================================================================
	2215
	2216	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2217	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2218	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2219	//
[b87a5ed]	2220	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2221	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2222	// int f; int f {}
	2223	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2224	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2225	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2226	//
[de62360d]	2227	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2228	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2229	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2230
[de62360d]	2231	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2232	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b7345]	2233
	2234	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2235	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2236	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2237	\| variable_ptr
	2238	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2239	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2240	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2241	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2242	;
[51b7345]	2243
	2244	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2245	identifier
	2246	{
[de62360d]	2247	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2248	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2249	}
	2250	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2251	{ $$ = $2; }
	2252	;
[51b7345]	2253
	2254	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2255	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2256	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2257	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2258	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2259	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2260	{ $$ = $2; }
	2261	;
[51b7345]	2262
	2263	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2264	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2265	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2266	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2267	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2268	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2269	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2270	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2271	{ $$ = $2; }
	2272	;
[51b7345]	2273
	2274	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2275	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2276	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2277	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2278	{ $$ = $2; }
	2279	;
[51b7345]	2280
[c6b1105]	2281	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2282	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2283	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2284
	2285	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2286	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2287	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2288	\| function_ptr
	2289	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2290	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2291	;
[51b7345]	2292
	2293	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2294	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2295	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2296	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2297	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2298	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2299	{ $$ = $2; }
	2300	;
[51b7345]	2301
	2302	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2303	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2304	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2305	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2306	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2307	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2308	{ $$ = $2; }
	2309	;
[51b7345]	2310
	2311	function_array:
[4d51835]	2312	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2313	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2314	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2315	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2316	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2317	{ $$ = $2; }
	2318	;
[51b7345]	2319
[de62360d]	2320	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2321	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2322	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2323
	2324	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2325	old_function_no_ptr
	2326	\| old_function_ptr
	2327	\| old_function_array
	2328	;
[51b7345]	2329
	2330	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2331	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2332	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2333	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2334	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2335	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2336	{ $$ = $2; }
	2337	;
[51b7345]	2338
	2339	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2340	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2341	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2342	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2343	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2344	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2345	{ $$ = $2; }
	2346	;
[51b7345]	2347
	2348	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2349	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2350	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2351	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2352	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2353	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2354	{ $$ = $2; }
	2355	;
[51b7345]	2356
[2871210]	2357	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2358	//
[b87a5ed]	2359	// typedef int foo;
	2360	// {
	2361	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2362	// }
[c11e31c]	2363	//
[de62360d]	2364	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2365	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2366
[c6b1105]	2367	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2368	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2369	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2370	\| type_ptr
	2371	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2372	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2373	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2374	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2375	;
[51b7345]	2376
[2871210]	2377	paren_type:
	2378	typedef
	2379	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2380	{ $$ = $2; }
	2381	;
[51b7345]	2382
[2871210]	2383	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2384	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2385	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2386	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2387	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2388	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2389	{ $$ = $2; }
	2390	;
[51b7345]	2391
[2871210]	2392	type_array:
	2393	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2394	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2395	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2396	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2397	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2398	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2399	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2400	{ $$ = $2; }
	2401	;
[51b7345]	2402
[2871210]	2403	type_function:
	2404	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2405	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2406	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2407	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2408	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2409	{ $$ = $2; }
	2410	;
[51b7345]	2411
[de62360d]	2412	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2413	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2414	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2415	// arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2416
	2417	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2418	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2419	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2420	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2421	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2422	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2423	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2424	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2425	;
[51b7345]	2426
	2427	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2428	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2429	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2430	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2431	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2432	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2433	{ $$ = $2; }
	2434	;
[51b7345]	2435
	2436	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2437	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2438	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2439	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2440	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2441	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2442	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2443	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2444	{ $$ = $2; }
	2445	;
[51b7345]	2446
	2447	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2448	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2449	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2450	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2451	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2452	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2453	{ $$ = $2; }
	2454	;
[b87a5ed]	2455
[de62360d]	2456	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2457	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2458	//
[b87a5ed]	2459	// typedef int foo;
	2460	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2461	//
[de62360d]	2462	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2463	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2464	//
[b87a5ed]	2465	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2466	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2467	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2468	//
[c6b1105]	2469	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2470	//
[b87a5ed]	2471	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2472	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2473	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2474	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2475	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2476	//
[de62360d]	2477	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2478	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2479	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2480	// functions.
[51b7345]	2481
[2871210]	2482	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2483	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2484	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2485	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2486	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2487	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2488	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2489	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2490	;
[51b7345]	2491
	2492	typedef:
[4d51835]	2493	TYPEDEFname
	2494	{
[de62360d]	2495	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2496	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2497	}
[2871210]	2498	\| TYPEGENname
	2499	{
	2500	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2501	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2502	}
[4d51835]	2503	;
[51b7345]	2504
[2871210]	2505	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2506	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2507	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2508	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2509	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2510	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2511	{ $$ = $2; }
	2512	;
[51b7345]	2513
[2871210]	2514	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2515	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2516	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2517	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2518	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2519	;
[51b7345]	2520
[2871210]	2521	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2522	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2523	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2524	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2525	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2526	;
[b87a5ed]	2527
[de62360d]	2528	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2529	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2530	//
[b87a5ed]	2531	// sizeof( int );
	2532	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2533	//
[de62360d]	2534	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2535	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2536
	2537	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2538	abstract_ptr
	2539	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2540	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2541	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2542	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2543	;
[51b7345]	2544
	2545	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2546	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2547	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2548	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2549	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2550	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2551	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2552	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2553	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2554	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2555	{ $$ = $2; }
	2556	;
[51b7345]	2557
	2558	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2559	array_dimension
	2560	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2561	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2562	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2563	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2564	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2565	{ $$ = $2; }
	2566	;
[51b7345]	2567
	2568	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2569	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2570	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2571	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2572	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2573	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2574	{ $$ = $2; }
	2575	;
[51b7345]	2576
	2577	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2578	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2579	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2580	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2581	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2582	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2583	\| multi_array_dimension
	2584	;
[51b7345]	2585
	2586	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2587	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2588	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2589	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2590	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2591	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2592	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2593	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2594	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2595	;
[51b7345]	2596
[c11e31c]	2597	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2598	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2599	//
[b87a5ed]	2600	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2601	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2602	//
[de62360d]	2603	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2604	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2605
	2606	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2607	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2608	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2609	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2610	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2611	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2612	;
[51b7345]	2613
	2614	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2615	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2616	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2617	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2618	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2619	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2620	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2621	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2622	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2623	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2624	{ $$ = $2; }
	2625	;
[51b7345]	2626
	2627	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2628	array_parameter_dimension
	2629	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2630	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2631	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2632	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2633	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2634	{ $$ = $2; }
	2635	;
[51b7345]	2636
	2637	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2638	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2639	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2640	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2641	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2642	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2643	{ $$ = $2; }
	2644	;
[51b7345]	2645
	2646	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2647	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2648	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2649	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2650	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2651	\| multi_array_dimension
	2652	;
[51b7345]	2653
[c11e31c]	2654	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2655	//
[de62360d]	2656	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2657	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b7345]	2658
	2659	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2660	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2661	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2662	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2663	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2664	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2665	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2666	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2667	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2668	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2669	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2670	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2671	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2672	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2673	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2674	;
[b87a5ed]	2675
[de62360d]	2676	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2677	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2678	//
[b87a5ed]	2679	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2680	//
[de62360d]	2681	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2682	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b7345]	2683
	2684	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2685	variable_abstract_ptr
	2686	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2687	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2688	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2689	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2690	;
[51b7345]	2691
	2692	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2693	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2694	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2695	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2696	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2697	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2698	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2699	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2700	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2701	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2702	{ $$ = $2; }
	2703	;
[51b7345]	2704
	2705	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2706	array_dimension
	2707	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2708	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2709	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2710	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2711	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2712	{ $$ = $2; }
	2713	;
[51b7345]	2714
	2715	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2716	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2717	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2718	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2719	{ $$ = $2; }
	2720	;
[b87a5ed]	2721
[de62360d]	2722	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2723	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2724
	2725	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2726	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2727	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2728	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2729	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2730	;
[b87a5ed]	2731
	2732	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2733	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2734	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2735	;
[b87a5ed]	2736
	2737	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2738	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2739	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2740	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2741	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2742	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2743	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2744	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2745	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2746	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2747	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2748	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2749	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2750	;
[b87a5ed]	2751
	2752	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2753	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2754	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2755	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2756	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2757	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2758	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2759	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2760	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2761	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2762	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2763	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2764	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[9059213]	2765
[2871210]	2766	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2767	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2768	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2769	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2770	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2771	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2772	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2773	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2774	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2775	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2776	;
[51b7345]	2777
	2778	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2779	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2780	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2781	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2782	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2783	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2784	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2785	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2786	// appear in this context.
	2787	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2788	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2789	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2790	;
[b87a5ed]	2791
[de62360d]	2792	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2793	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2794	//
[b87a5ed]	2795	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2796	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2797	//
	2798	// These rules need LR(3):
	2799	//
[2871210]	2800	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2801	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2802	//
	2803	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2804	//
[b87a5ed]	2805	// [int, int] t;
	2806	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2807	//
[2871210]	2808	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2809	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2810	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2811	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2812
	2813	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2814	new_abstract_tuple
	2815	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2816	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2817	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2818	;
[b87a5ed]	2819
	2820	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2821	new_abstract_ptr
	2822	\| new_abstract_array
	2823	;
[b87a5ed]	2824
	2825	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2826	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2827	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2828	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2829	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2830	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2831	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2832	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2833	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2834	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2835	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2836	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2837	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2838	;
[b87a5ed]	2839
	2840	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2841	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2842	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2843	'[' ']' type_specifier
[2298f728]	2844	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2845	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
[2298f728]	2846	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2847	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2848	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2849	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2850	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2851	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2852	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2853	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2854	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2855	;
[b87a5ed]	2856
	2857	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2858	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2859	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2860	;
[b87a5ed]	2861
	2862	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[1b29996]	2863	// '[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2864	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
	2865	new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2866	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2867	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2868	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2869	;
[b87a5ed]	2870
[de62360d]	2871	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2872	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2873	//
[de62360d]	2874	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2875	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2876	//
	2877	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2878	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2879	//
[de62360d]	2880	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2881	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b7345]	2882
[c11e31c]	2883	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b7345]	2884
[b87a5ed]	2885	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2886	// empty
	2887	\| ','
	2888	;
[51b7345]	2889
	2890	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2891	// empty
[58dd019]	2892	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2893	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2894	{ $$ = $2; }
	2895	;
[51b7345]	2896
	2897	%%
[c11e31c]	2898	// ----end of grammar----
[51b7345]	2899
[0da3e2c]	2900	extern char *yytext;
	2901
[5f2f2d7]	2902	void yyerror( const char * ) {
[2298f728]	2903	cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2904	if ( yyfilename ) {
[2298f728]	2905	cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2906	} // if
[2298f728]	2907	cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << endl;
[51b7345]	2908	}
	2909
[c11e31c]	2910	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2911	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2912	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2913	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2914	// End: //

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