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Last change on this file since 35f9114 was d9e2280, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 9 years ago
even more more refactoring of parser code
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 103.5 KB

Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[d9e2280]	12	// Last Modified On : Fri Aug 5 15:06:44 2016
	13	// Update Count : 1756
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[8a95629]	45	extern char *yytext;
[51b73452]	46
	47	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	48
	49	#include <cstdio>
	50	#include <stack>
	51	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	52	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	53	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	54	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	55	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	56	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
	57
[b87a5ed]	58	DeclarationNode *theTree = 0; // the resulting parse tree
[51b73452]	59	LinkageSpec::Type linkage = LinkageSpec::Cforall;
	60	std::stack< LinkageSpec::Type > linkageStack;
	61	TypedefTable typedefTable;
	62	%}
	63
[c11e31c]	64	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	65
[c11e31c]	66	// keywords
[51b73452]	67	%token TYPEDEF
	68	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	69	%token INLINE // C99
	70	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	71	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	72	%token RESTRICT // C99
	73	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[51b73452]	74	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
[90c3b1c]	75	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	76	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	77	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	78	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[e7aed49]	79	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	80	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	81	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	82	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	83	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	84	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	85	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	86
[c11e31c]	87	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	88	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	89	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
	90	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant FLOATINGconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	91	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	92
[c11e31c]	93	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	94	%token ARROW // ->
	95	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	96	%token LS RS // << >>
	97	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	98	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	99	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	100
	101	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	102	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	103	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	104	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	105
[e7aed49]	106	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	107
[c11e31c]	108	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	109	%union
	110	{
[b87a5ed]	111	Token tok;
	112	ParseNode *pn;
	113	ExpressionNode *en;
	114	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	115	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	116	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	117	StatementNode *sn;
	118	ConstantNode *constant;
[7f5566b]	119	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	120	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	121	OperKinds op;
[7f5566b]	122	bool flag;
[51b73452]	123	}
	124
[097e2b0]	125	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	126	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[51b73452]	127	%type<constant> string_literal_list
	128
[c11e31c]	129	// expressions
[51b73452]	130	%type<constant> constant
[b87a5ed]	131	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	132	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	133	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	134	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	135	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	136	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	137	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	138	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
	139	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression for_control_expression assignment_opt
[51b73452]	140	%type<en> subrange
[7f5566b]	141	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	142	%type<label> label_list
	143	%type<constant> asm_clobbers_list_opt
	144	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	145
[c11e31c]	146	// statements
[b87a5ed]	147	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	148	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	149	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	150	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	151	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	152	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	153	%type<en> case_value
	154	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	155	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
	156	%type<pn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	157
[c11e31c]	158	// declarations
[51b73452]	159	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	160	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	161	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	162
	163	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	164	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	165
	166	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	167
	168	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	169
	170	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	171
	172	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	173
[4040425]	174	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	175
	176	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	177	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	178
	179	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	180
	181	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	182	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	183
	184	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	185
	186	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
	187	%type<en> field field_list
	188
[4d51835]	189	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	190
	191	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	192	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	193
	194	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	195	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	196	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	197
	198	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	199
[4040425]	200	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	201	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	202
	203	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	204	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	205
	206	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	207
	208	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	209
	210	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	211	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	212
	213	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	214	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	215
[2871210]	216	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	217
	218	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_name storage_class_list
	219
	220	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	221
	222	%type<tclass> type_class
	223	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	224
[2871210]	225	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	226	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	227	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	228	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	229
	230	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	231	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	232
	233	%type<en> type_name_list
	234
	235	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	236
	237	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	238	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	239
[1db21619]	240	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	241
[c11e31c]	242	// initializers
[51b73452]	243	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	244
[c11e31c]	245	// designators
[51b73452]	246	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	247
	248
[b87a5ed]	249	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	250	// is ambiguous:
	251	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	252	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	253	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	254
[c11e31c]	255	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	256	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	257
[b87a5ed]	258	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	259
	260	%%
[c11e31c]	261	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	262
[de62360d]	263	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	264	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	265	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	266	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	267	//
[de62360d]	268	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
	269	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parametrized types. This latter
	270	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	271	//
[de62360d]	272	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
	273	// accesses a data structure (the TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read.
	274	// Semantic actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	275	//
[de62360d]	276	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	277	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	278	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	279	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
	280	// "typedef" or "type" declarations).
[c11e31c]	281	//
[de62360d]	282	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	283	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	284	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	285	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	286	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	287	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	288	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	289
	290	push:
[4d51835]	291	{
	292	typedefTable.enterScope();
	293	}
	294	;
[51b73452]	295
	296	pop:
[4d51835]	297	{
	298	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	299	}
	300	;
[51b73452]	301
[c11e31c]	302	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	303
	304	constant:
[de62360d]	305	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[4e05d27]	306	INTEGERconstant { $$ = makeConstantInteger( *$1 ); }
	307	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = makeConstantFloat( *$1 ); }
	308	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = makeConstantChar( *$1 ); }
[4d51835]	309	;
[51b73452]	310
	311	identifier:
[4d51835]	312	IDENTIFIER
	313	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	314	\| zero_one // CFA
	315	;
[51b73452]	316
	317	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	318	IDENTIFIER
	319	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	320	;
[51b73452]	321
	322	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	323	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	324	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	325	;
[51b73452]	326
[b87a5ed]	327	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	328	ZERO
	329	\| ONE
	330	;
[51b73452]	331
[b87a5ed]	332	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[4e05d27]	333	STRINGliteral { $$ = makeConstantStr( *$1 ); }
[59db689]	334	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral { $$ = $1->appendstr( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	335	;
[51b73452]	336
[c11e31c]	337	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	338
	339	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	340	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[de62360d]	341	{ $$ = new VarRefNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	342	\| zero_one
[de62360d]	343	{ $$ = new VarRefNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	344	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	345	{ $$ = $2; }
	346	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[de62360d]	347	{ $$ = new ValofExprNode( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	348	;
[51b73452]	349
	350	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	351	primary_expression
	352	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	353	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	354	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	355	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	356	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d9e2280]	357	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	358	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d9e2280]	359	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[bd85400]	360	// ambiguity with .0 so space required after field-selection, e.g.
	361	// struct S { int 0, 1; } s; s. 0 = 0; s. 1 = 1;
[4d51835]	362	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d9e2280]	363	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_fieldSel( $1, new VarRefNode( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	364	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	365	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d9e2280]	366	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, new VarRefNode( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	367	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	368	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d9e2280]	369	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	370	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d9e2280]	371	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	372	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[630a82a]	373	{ $$ = new CompoundLiteralNode( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ); }
[097e2b0]	374	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	375	{
[9706554]	376	Token fn;
	377	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined
[d9e2280]	378	$$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_func( new VarRefNode( fn ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_link( $3 ) ) );
[097e2b0]	379	}
[4d51835]	380	;
[51b73452]	381
	382	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	383	argument_expression
	384	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[de62360d]	385	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	386	;
[51b73452]	387
	388	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	389	// empty
	390	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	391	\| assignment_expression
	392	\| no_attr_identifier ':' assignment_expression
[7f5566b]	393	{ $$ = $3->set_argName( $1 ); }
[2871210]	394	// Only a list of no_attr_identifier_or_type_name is allowed in this context. However, there is insufficient
[de62360d]	395	// look ahead to distinguish between this list of parameter names and a tuple, so the tuple form must be used
	396	// with an appropriate semantic check.
[4d51835]	397	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' ':' assignment_expression
[7f5566b]	398	{ $$ = $7->set_argName( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	399	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']' ':' assignment_expression
[d9e2280]	400	{ $$ = $9->set_argName( new CompositeExprNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_link( $5 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	401	;
[b87a5ed]	402
	403	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	404	field
	405	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
	406	;
[b87a5ed]	407
	408	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	409	no_attr_identifier
	410	{ $$ = new VarRefNode( $1 ); }
[bd85400]	411	// ambiguity with .0 so space required after field-selection, e.g.
	412	// struct S { int 0, 1; } s; s. 0 = 0; s. 1 = 1;
[4d51835]	413	\| no_attr_identifier '.' field
[d9e2280]	414	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_fieldSel( $3, new VarRefNode( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	415	\| no_attr_identifier '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d9e2280]	416	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_fieldSel( $5, new VarRefNode( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	417	\| no_attr_identifier ARROW field
[d9e2280]	418	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_pfieldSel( $3, new VarRefNode( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	419	\| no_attr_identifier ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d9e2280]	420	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_pfieldSel( $5, new VarRefNode( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	421	;
[51b73452]	422
	423	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	424	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	425	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	426	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	427	\| constant
	428	{ $$ = $1; }
	429	\| string_literal_list
	430	{ $$ = $1; }
[4d51835]	431	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	432	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	433	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	434	// { * X; } // dereference X
	435	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	436	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	437	{
	438	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	439	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
	440	$$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	441	break;
[d9e2280]	442	case OperKinds::PointTo:
	443	$$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	444	break;
	445	default:
	446	assert( false );
	447	}
	448	}
[4d51835]	449	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d9e2280]	450	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	451	\| ICR unary_expression
[d9e2280]	452	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	453	\| DECR unary_expression
[d9e2280]	454	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	455	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d9e2280]	456	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_sizeOf( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	457	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d9e2280]	458	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_sizeOf( new TypeValueNode( $3 ) ) ); }
[5721a6d]	459	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d9e2280]	460	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_offsetOf( new TypeValueNode( $3 ), new VarRefNode( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	461	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d9e2280]	462	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_attr( new VarRefNode( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	463	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
[d9e2280]	464	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_attr( new VarRefNode( $1 ), new TypeValueNode( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	465	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d9e2280]	466	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_attr( new VarRefNode( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	467	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
[d9e2280]	468	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_alignOf( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	469	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
[d9e2280]	470	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_alignOf( new TypeValueNode( $3 ) ) ); }
[c6b1105]	471	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d9e2280]	472	// { $$ = new CompositeExprNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new VarRefNode( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	473	;
[51b73452]	474
[dd51906]	475	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	476	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	477	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	478	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	479	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	480	;
	481
[51b73452]	482	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	483	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	484	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	485	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	486	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	487	;
[51b73452]	488
	489	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	490	unary_expression
	491	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d9e2280]	492	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_cast( new TypeValueNode( $2 ), $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	493	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
[d9e2280]	494	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_cast( new TypeValueNode( $2 ), $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	495	;
[51b73452]	496
	497	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	498	cast_expression
	499	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d9e2280]	500	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	501	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d9e2280]	502	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	503	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d9e2280]	504	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	505	;
[51b73452]	506
	507	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	508	multiplicative_expression
	509	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d9e2280]	510	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	511	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d9e2280]	512	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	513	;
[51b73452]	514
	515	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	516	additive_expression
	517	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d9e2280]	518	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	519	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d9e2280]	520	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	521	;
[51b73452]	522
	523	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	524	shift_expression
	525	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d9e2280]	526	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	527	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d9e2280]	528	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	529	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d9e2280]	530	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	531	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d9e2280]	532	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	533	;
[51b73452]	534
	535	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	536	relational_expression
	537	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d9e2280]	538	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	539	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d9e2280]	540	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	541	;
[51b73452]	542
	543	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	544	equality_expression
	545	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d9e2280]	546	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	547	;
[51b73452]	548
	549	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	550	AND_expression
	551	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d9e2280]	552	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	553	;
[51b73452]	554
	555	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	556	exclusive_OR_expression
	557	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d9e2280]	558	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	559	;
[51b73452]	560
	561	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	562	inclusive_OR_expression
	563	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d9e2280]	564	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	565	;
[51b73452]	566
	567	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	568	logical_AND_expression
	569	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d9e2280]	570	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	571	;
[51b73452]	572
	573	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	574	logical_OR_expression
	575	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d9e2280]	576	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
	577	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	578	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d9e2280]	579	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	580	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
[d9e2280]	581	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	582	;
[51b73452]	583
	584	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	585	conditional_expression
	586	;
[51b73452]	587
	588	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	589	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	590	conditional_expression
	591	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d9e2280]	592	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	593	\| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
[d9e2280]	594	{ $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new CompositeExprNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	595	;
[51b73452]	596
	597	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	598	// empty
	599	{ $$ = new NullExprNode; }
	600	\| assignment_expression
	601	;
[b87a5ed]	602
[9706554]	603	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	604	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
	605	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	606	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	607	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	608	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	609	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	610	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	611	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	612	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	613	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	614	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[9706554]	615	;
	616
[b87a5ed]	617	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	618	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	619	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[2871210]	620	'[' ']'
[d9e2280]	621	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_tuple() ); }
[4d51835]	622	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[d9e2280]	623	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	624	\| '[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[d9e2280]	625	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new NullExprNode)->set_link( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	626	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[d9e2280]	627	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_link( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	628	;
[51b73452]	629
	630	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	631	assignment_expression_opt
	632	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
	633	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
	634	;
[51b73452]	635
	636	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	637	assignment_expression
[9706554]	638	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d9e2280]	639	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	640	;
[51b73452]	641
	642	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	643	// empty
	644	{ $$ = 0; }
	645	\| comma_expression
	646	;
[51b73452]	647
[c11e31c]	648	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	649
	650	statement:
[4d51835]	651	labeled_statement
	652	\| compound_statement
	653	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	654	\| selection_statement
	655	\| iteration_statement
	656	\| jump_statement
	657	\| exception_statement
	658	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	659	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	660	{
[d9e2280]	661	Token fn;
	662	fn.str = new std::string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
	663	$$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Exp, new CompositeExprNode( build_func( new VarRefNode( fn ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_link( $4 ) ) ), 0 );
[097e2b0]	664	}
[4d51835]	665	;
[51b73452]	666
	667	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	668	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	669	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	670	{
	671	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	672	}
[4d51835]	673	;
[51b73452]	674
	675	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	676	'{' '}'
	677	{ $$ = new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode *)0 ); }
	678	\| '{'
[de62360d]	679	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
	680	// requires its own scope
[4d51835]	681	push push
[51b1202]	682	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	683	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
	684	{ $$ = new CompoundStmtNode( $5 ); }
	685	;
[b87a5ed]	686
	687	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	688	block_item
	689	\| block_item_list push block_item
[de62360d]	690	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_link( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	691	;
[51b73452]	692
	693	block_item:
[4d51835]	694	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
	695	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
	696	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	697	{ // mark all fields in list
	698	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != NULL; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_link() )
	699	iter->set_extension( true );
	700	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
	701	}
[4d51835]	702	\| function_definition
	703	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
	704	\| statement pop
	705	;
[51b73452]	706
	707	statement_list:
[4d51835]	708	statement
	709	\| statement_list statement
[de62360d]	710	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_link( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	711	;
[51b73452]	712
	713	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	714	comma_expression_opt ';'
[de62360d]	715	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Exp, $1, 0 ); }
[4d51835]	716	;
[51b73452]	717
	718	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	719	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	720	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[de62360d]	721	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::If, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	722	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[de62360d]	723	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::If, $3, (StatementNode )mkList(($5, *$7 )) ); }
[4d51835]	724	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[de62360d]	725	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	726	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	727	{
	728	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $8 );
	729	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	730	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	731	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	732	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	733	// statement.
[4e06c1e]	734	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_link( sw )) ) : sw;
	735	}
[4d51835]	736	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[4e06c1e]	737	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	738	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	739	{
	740	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Switch, $3, $8 );
	741	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_link( sw )) ) : sw;
	742	}
[4d51835]	743	;
[b87a5ed]	744
[de62360d]	745	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	746	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	747
	748	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	749	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	750	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d9e2280]	751	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	752	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	753	;
[b87a5ed]	754
	755	case_value_list: // CFA
[8688ce1]	756	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Case, $1, 0 ); }
[064e3ff]	757	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[8688ce1]	758	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_link( new StatementNode( StatementNode::Case, $3, 0 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	759	;
[b87a5ed]	760
	761	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	762	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[de62360d]	763	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Default ); }
[4d51835]	764	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	765	;
[b87a5ed]	766
	767	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	768	case_label
[de62360d]	769	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_link( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	770	;
[b87a5ed]	771
	772	case_clause: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	773	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	774	;
[b87a5ed]	775
	776	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	777	// empty
	778	{ $$ = 0; }
	779	\| switch_clause_list
	780	;
[b87a5ed]	781
	782	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	783	case_label_list statement_list
[4e06c1e]	784	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	785	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[4e06c1e]	786	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_link( $2->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	787	;
[b87a5ed]	788
	789	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	790	// empty
	791	{ $$ = 0; }
	792	\| choose_clause_list
	793	;
[b87a5ed]	794
	795	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	796	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	797	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	798	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[4e06c1e]	799	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode )mkList( ($2, *$3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	800	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	801	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_link( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	802	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[4e06c1e]	803	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_link( $2->append_last_case( new CompoundStmtNode( (StatementNode )mkList( ($3, $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	804	;
[b87a5ed]	805
	806	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	807	// empty
[4e06c1e]	808	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Break ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	809	\| fall_through
	810	;
[b87a5ed]	811
	812	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	813	FALLTHRU
	814	{ $$ = 0; }
	815	\| FALLTHRU ';'
	816	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	817	;
[51b73452]	818
	819	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	820	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[de62360d]	821	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::While, $3, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	822	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[de62360d]	823	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Do, $5, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	824	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[de62360d]	825	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::For, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	826	;
[51b73452]	827
	828	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	829	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[de62360d]	830	{ $$ = new ForCtlExprNode( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	831	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[de62360d]	832	{ $$ = new ForCtlExprNode( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[4d51835]	833	;
[51b73452]	834
	835	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	836	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[de62360d]	837	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Goto, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	838	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	839	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	840	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
	841	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Goto, $3 ); }
[4d51835]	842	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	843	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[7f5566b]	844	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Continue ); }
[4e06c1e]	845	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	846	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	847	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
	848	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Continue, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	849	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	850	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[7f5566b]	851	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Break ); }
[4e06c1e]	852	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	853	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	854	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
	855	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Break, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	856	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[de62360d]	857	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Return, $2, 0 ); }
[02e5ab6]	858	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';'
[de62360d]	859	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw, $2, 0 ); }
[02e5ab6]	860	// \| THROW ';'
	861	// { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw ); }
	862	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';'
	863	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw, $2, 0 ); }
	864	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';'
	865	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw, $2, 0 ); }
	866	// \| THROWRESUME ';'
	867	// { $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Throw ); }
[4d51835]	868	;
[51b73452]	869
	870	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	871	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[de62360d]	872	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Try, 0,(StatementNode )(mkList(($2,*$3 )))); }
[4d51835]	873	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[de62360d]	874	{ $$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Try, 0,(StatementNode )(mkList(($2,*$3 )))); }
[4d51835]	875	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
	876	{
[de62360d]	877	$3->set_link( $4 );
	878	$$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Try, 0,(StatementNode )(mkList(($2,*$3 ))));
[4d51835]	879	}
	880	;
[51b73452]	881
	882	handler_list:
[4d51835]	883	// There must be at least one catch clause
	884	handler_clause
[de62360d]	885	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	886	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	887	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $5, true ); }
	888	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	889	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $6, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	890	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	891	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $5, true ); }
	892	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
	893	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( 0, $6, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	894	;
[51b73452]	895
	896	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	897	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[de62360d]	898	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $5, $8 ); }
[4d51835]	899	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[de62360d]	900	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $6, $9 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	901	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
	902	{ $$ = StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $5, $8 ); }
	903	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
	904	{ $$ = $1->set_link( StatementNode::newCatchStmt( $6, $9 ) ); }
[4d51835]	905	;
[51b73452]	906
	907	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	908	FINALLY compound_statement
	909	{
[de62360d]	910	$$ = new StatementNode( StatementNode::Finally, 0, $2 );
[4d51835]	911	std::cout << "Just created a finally node" << std::endl;
	912	}
	913	;
[51b73452]	914
	915	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	916	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	917	//
	918	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	919	//
	920	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	921	type_specifier
	922	\| type_specifier declarator
	923	{
	924	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	925	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	926	}
	927	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	928	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	929	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	930	{
	931	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	932	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	933	}
	934	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	935	;
[51b73452]	936
	937	asm_statement:
[7f5566b]	938	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ')' ';'
	939	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, 0 ); }
	940	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
	941	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, $6 ); }
	942	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
	943	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, $6, $8 ); }
	944	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal_list ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
	945	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ); }
	946	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal_list ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
	947	{ $$ = new AsmStmtNode( StatementNode::Asm, $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ); }
	948	;
	949
	950	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	951	// empty
	952	{ $$ = false; }
	953	\| VOLATILE
	954	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	955	;
[b87a5ed]	956
	957	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	958	// empty
[7f5566b]	959	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	960	\| asm_operands_list
	961	;
[b87a5ed]	962
	963	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	964	asm_operand
	965	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[7f5566b]	966	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	967	;
[b87a5ed]	968
	969	asm_operand: // GCC
[7f5566b]	970	string_literal_list '(' constant_expression ')'
	971	{ $$ = new AsmExprNode( 0, $1, $3 ); }
	972	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal_list '(' constant_expression ')'
	973	{ $$ = new AsmExprNode( $2, $4, $6 ); }
	974	;
	975
[4e06c1e]	976	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	977	// empty
	978	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	979	\| string_literal_list
	980	{ $$ = $1; }
	981	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal_list
	982	{ $$ = (ConstantNode *)$1->set_link( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	983	;
[b87a5ed]	984
[7f5566b]	985	label_list:
	986	no_attr_identifier
	987	{ $$ = new LabelNode(); $$->append_label( $1 ); }
	988	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	989	{ $$ = $1; $1->append_label( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	990	;
[51b73452]	991
[c11e31c]	992	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	993
[b87a5ed]	994	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	995	pop
	996	{ $$ = 0; }
	997	\| declaration_list
	998	;
[51b73452]	999
	1000	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1001	declaration
	1002	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1003	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1004	;
[51b73452]	1005
[b87a5ed]	1006	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1007	pop
	1008	{ $$ = 0; }
	1009	\| old_declaration_list
	1010	;
[51b73452]	1011
	1012	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1013	old_declaration
	1014	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1015	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1016	;
[b87a5ed]	1017
[51b1202]	1018	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1019	// empty
[51b1202]	1020	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1021	;
[b87a5ed]	1022
[51b1202]	1023	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1024	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1025	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1026	;
[b87a5ed]	1027
[51b1202]	1028	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1029	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1030	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1031	;
[b87a5ed]	1032
	1033	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1034	new_declaration
	1035	\| old_declaration
	1036	;
[b87a5ed]	1037
[de62360d]	1038	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1039	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1040	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1041	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1042	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1043	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1044	//
[b87a5ed]	1045	// CFA C
	1046	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1047	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1048
	1049	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1050	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1051	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1052	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1053	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1054	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1055	;
[b87a5ed]	1056
	1057	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1058	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1059	{
	1060	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1061	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1062	}
	1063	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1064	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1065	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1066	{
	1067	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1068	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1069	}
[2871210]	1070	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1071	{
	1072	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1073	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1074	}
	1075	;
[b87a5ed]	1076
	1077	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1078	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1079	// storage-class
[2871210]	1080	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1081	{
	1082	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1083	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1084	}
[2871210]	1085	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1086	{
	1087	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1088	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1089	}
[2871210]	1090	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1091	{
	1092	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
	1093	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 );
	1094	}
	1095	;
[b87a5ed]	1096
	1097	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1098	new_function_specifier
	1099	{
	1100	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1101	$$ = $1;
	1102	}
	1103	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1104	{
	1105	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1106	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1107	}
	1108	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1109	{
	1110	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1111	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1112	}
	1113	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1114	{
	1115	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1116	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1117	}
[2871210]	1118	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1119	{
	1120	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1121	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1122	}
	1123	;
[b87a5ed]	1124
	1125	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1126	'[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
[4d51835]	1127	{
[2871210]	1128	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
[4d51835]	1129	}
[2871210]	1130	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1131	// {
	1132	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1133	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1134	// }
	1135	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1136	// {
	1137	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1138	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1139	// }
	1140	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1141	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1142	//
[2871210]	1143	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1144	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1145	//
[2871210]	1146	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1147	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
	1148	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1149	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1150	{
	1151	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1152	}
[2871210]	1153	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1154	{
	1155	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1156	}
	1157	;
[b87a5ed]	1158
	1159	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1160	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1161	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1162	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1163	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1164	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1165	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1166	;
[b87a5ed]	1167
	1168	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1169	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1170	{
[de62360d]	1171	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1172	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1173	}
	1174	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1175	{
[de62360d]	1176	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1177	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1178	}
	1179	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1180	{
[de62360d]	1181	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1182	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1183	}
	1184	;
[b87a5ed]	1185
[de62360d]	1186	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1187	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1188
	1189	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1190	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1191	{
[de62360d]	1192	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1193	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1194	}
	1195	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1196	{
[de62360d]	1197	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1198	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1199	}
[de62360d]	1200	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1201	{
[de62360d]	1202	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1203	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1204	}
	1205	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1206	{
[de62360d]	1207	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1208	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1209	}
	1210	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1211	{
[de62360d]	1212	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1213	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1214	}
	1215	;
[b87a5ed]	1216
[721f17a]	1217	typedef_expression:
	1218	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1219	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1220	{
[de62360d]	1221	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1222	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1223	}
	1224	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1225	{
[de62360d]	1226	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1227	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1228	}
	1229	;
[51b73452]	1230
	1231	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1232	declaring_list pop ';'
	1233	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1234	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1235	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1236	;
[51b73452]	1237
	1238	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1239	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1240	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1241	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1242	{
	1243	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1244	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1245	}
	1246	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1247	{
	1248	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1249	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1250	}
	1251	;
[b87a5ed]	1252
	1253	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1254	basic_declaration_specifier
	1255	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1256	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1257	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1258	;
[b87a5ed]	1259
	1260	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1261	basic_type_specifier
	1262	\| sue_type_specifier
	1263	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1264	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1265	;
[b87a5ed]	1266
	1267	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1268	// empty
	1269	{ $$ = 0; }
	1270	\| type_qualifier_list
	1271	;
[51b73452]	1272
	1273	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1274	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1275	//
[de62360d]	1276	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1277	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1278	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1279	type_qualifier
	1280	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1281	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1282	;
[51b73452]	1283
	1284	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1285	type_qualifier_name
	1286	\| attribute
[1db21619]	1287	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1288	;
[51b73452]	1289
	1290	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1291	CONST
	1292	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1293	\| RESTRICT
	1294	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1295	\| VOLATILE
	1296	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1297	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1298	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1299	\| ATOMIC
	1300	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1301	\| FORALL '('
	1302	{
	1303	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1304	}
	1305	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1306	{
	1307	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1308	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1309	}
	1310	;
[51b73452]	1311
	1312	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1313	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1314	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1315	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1316	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1317	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1318	;
[51b73452]	1319
	1320	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1321	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1322	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1323	//
[de62360d]	1324	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1325	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1326	storage_class
	1327	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1328	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1329	;
[51b73452]	1330
	1331	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1332	storage_class_name
	1333	;
[51b73452]	1334
	1335	storage_class_name:
[4d51835]	1336	EXTERN
	1337	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1338	\| STATIC
	1339	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1340	\| AUTO
	1341	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1342	\| REGISTER
	1343	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1344	\| INLINE // C99
	1345	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1346	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1347	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1348	\| NORETURN // C11
	1349	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1350	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1351	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1352	;
[51b73452]	1353
	1354	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1355	CHAR
	1356	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1357	\| DOUBLE
	1358	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1359	\| FLOAT
	1360	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1361	\| INT
	1362	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1363	\| LONG
	1364	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
	1365	\| SHORT
	1366	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
	1367	\| SIGNED
	1368	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
	1369	\| UNSIGNED
	1370	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newModifier( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
	1371	\| VOID
	1372	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1373	\| BOOL // C99
	1374	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1375	\| COMPLEX // C99
	1376	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
	1377	\| IMAGINARY // C99
	1378	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1379	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1380	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[4d51835]	1381	;
[51b73452]	1382
	1383	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1384	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1385	basic_type_specifier
	1386	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1387	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1388	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1389	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1390	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1391	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1392	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1393	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1394	;
[51b73452]	1395
	1396	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1397	direct_type_name
	1398	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1399	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1400	;
[51b73452]	1401
	1402	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1403	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1404	basic_type_name
	1405	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1406	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1407	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1408	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1409	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1410	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1411	;
[51b73452]	1412
	1413	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1414	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1415	{ $$ = $3; }
	1416	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1417	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1418	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1419	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1420	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1421	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1422	;
[51b73452]	1423
	1424	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1425	sue_type_specifier
	1426	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1427	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1428	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1429	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1430	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1431	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1432	;
[51b73452]	1433
	1434	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1435	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1436	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1437	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1438	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1439	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1440	;
[51b73452]	1441
	1442	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1443	typedef_type_specifier
	1444	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1445	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1446	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1447	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1448	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1449	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1450	;
[b87a5ed]	1451
	1452	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1453	TYPEDEFname
	1454	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1455	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1456	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1457	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1458	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1459	;
[51b73452]	1460
	1461	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1462	aggregate_name
	1463	\| enum_name
	1464	;
[51b73452]	1465
	1466	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1467	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[5d125e4]	1468	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, 0, 0, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1469	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1470	{
	1471	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[5d125e4]	1472	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, 0, 0, false );
[45161b4d]	1473	}
	1474	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1475	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1476	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[5d125e4]	1477	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, 0, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1478	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[5d125e4]	1479	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, 0, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1480	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1481	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1482	;
[51b73452]	1483
	1484	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1485	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1486	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1487	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1488	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1489	;
[51b73452]	1490
	1491	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1492	// empty
	1493	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	1494	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[5d125e4]	1495	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1496	;
[51b73452]	1497
	1498	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1499	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1500	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1501	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1502	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1503	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1504	{ // mark all fields in list
	1505	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != NULL; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_link() )
	1506	iter->set_extension( true );
	1507	$$ = $2;
	1508	}
[4d51835]	1509	;
[b87a5ed]	1510
	1511	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1512	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1513	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1514	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1515	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1516	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1517	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1518	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1519	;
[51b73452]	1520
	1521	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1522	type_specifier field_declarator
	1523	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1524	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1525	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1526	;
[51b73452]	1527
	1528	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1529	// empty
	1530	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1531	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1532	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1533	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1534	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1535	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1536	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1537	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1538	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1539	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1540	;
[51b73452]	1541
	1542	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1543	// empty
	1544	{ $$ = 0; }
	1545	\| bit_subrange_size
	1546	{ $$ = $1; }
	1547	;
[51b73452]	1548
	1549	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1550	':' constant_expression
	1551	{ $$ = $2; }
	1552	;
[51b73452]	1553
	1554	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1555	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1556	;
[51b73452]	1557
	1558	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1559	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1560	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( 0, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1561	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1562	{
	1563	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1564	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1565	}
	1566	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1567	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1568	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1569	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1570	;
[51b73452]	1571
	1572	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1573	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1574	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1575	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1576	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1577	;
[51b73452]	1578
	1579	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1580	// empty
	1581	{ $$ = 0; }
	1582	\| '=' constant_expression
	1583	{ $$ = $2; }
	1584	;
[51b73452]	1585
[c11e31c]	1586	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1587
[b87a5ed]	1588	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1589	// empty
	1590	{ $$ = 0; }
	1591	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1592	;
[b87a5ed]	1593
	1594	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1595	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1596	\| new_parameter_list
	1597	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1598	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1599	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1600	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1601	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1602	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1603	;
[b87a5ed]	1604
	1605	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1606	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1607	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1608	new_parameter_declaration
	1609	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1610	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1611	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1612	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1613	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1614	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1615	;
[b87a5ed]	1616
	1617	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1618	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1619	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1620	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1621	;
[51b73452]	1622
	1623	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1624	// empty
	1625	{ $$ = 0; }
	1626	\| parameter_type_list
	1627	;
[51b73452]	1628
	1629	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1630	parameter_list
	1631	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1632	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1633	;
[b87a5ed]	1634
	1635	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1636	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1637	\| parameter_declaration
	1638	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1639	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1640	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1641	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1642	;
[51b73452]	1643
[de62360d]	1644	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1645	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1646
[b87a5ed]	1647	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1648	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1649	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1650	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1651	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1652	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1653	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1654	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1655	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1656	\| new_function_specifier
	1657	;
[b87a5ed]	1658
	1659	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1660	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1661	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1662	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1663	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1664	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1665	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1666	\| new_abstract_function
	1667	;
[51b73452]	1668
	1669	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1670	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1671	{
	1672	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1673	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1674	}
[2871210]	1675	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1676	{
	1677	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1678	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1679	}
	1680	;
[51b73452]	1681
	1682	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1683	declaration_specifier
	1684	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1685	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1686	;
[51b73452]	1687
[c11e31c]	1688	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1689	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1690	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1691
[b87a5ed]	1692	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1693	no_attr_identifier
	1694	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1695	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1696	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1697	;
[51b73452]	1698
[2871210]	1699	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1700	identifier
	1701	\| TYPEDEFname
	1702	\| TYPEGENname
	1703	;
[51b73452]	1704
[2871210]	1705	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1706	no_01_identifier
	1707	\| TYPEDEFname
	1708	\| TYPEGENname
	1709	;
[51b73452]	1710
[2871210]	1711	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1712	no_attr_identifier
	1713	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1714	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1715	;
[b87a5ed]	1716
	1717	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1718	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1719	\| type_specifier
	1720	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1721	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1722	;
[b87a5ed]	1723
	1724	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1725	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1726	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1727	\| type_specifier
	1728	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1729	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1730	;
[51b73452]	1731
	1732	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1733	// empty
	1734	{ $$ = 0; }
[2871210]	1735	\| '=' initializer
	1736	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1737	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1738	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1739	;
[51b73452]	1740
	1741	initializer:
[de62360d]	1742	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1743	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1744	;
[51b73452]	1745
	1746	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1747	// empty
	1748	{ $$ = 0; }
	1749	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1750	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[de62360d]	1751	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_link( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1752	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[de62360d]	1753	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_link( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1754	;
[b87a5ed]	1755
[de62360d]	1756	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1757	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1758	//
[b87a5ed]	1759	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1760	//
[de62360d]	1761	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1762	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1763	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1764	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1765
	1766	designation:
[4d51835]	1767	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1768	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
	1769	{ $$ = new VarRefNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1770	;
[51b73452]	1771
[b87a5ed]	1772	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1773	designator
[2871210]	1774	\| designator_list designator
	1775	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( $2 )); }
[de62360d]	1776	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new CompositeExprNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1777	;
[51b73452]	1778
	1779	designator:
[c6b1105]	1780	// lexer ambiguity: designator ".0" is floating-point constant or designator for name 0 only ".0" and ".1"
	1781	// allowed => semantic check
[51b1202]	1782	FLOATINGconstant
	1783	{ $$ = new DesignatorNode( new VarRefNode( $1 ) ); }
	1784	\| '.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1785	{ $$ = new DesignatorNode( new VarRefNode( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1786	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1787	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[51b1202]	1788	{ $$ = new DesignatorNode( $3, true ); }
[4d51835]	1789	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[51b1202]	1790	{ $$ = new DesignatorNode( $3, true ); }
[4d51835]	1791	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d9e2280]	1792	{ $$ = new DesignatorNode( new CompositeExprNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ), true ); }
[4d51835]	1793	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[51b1202]	1794	{ $$ = new DesignatorNode( $4 ); }
[4d51835]	1795	;
[51b73452]	1796
[de62360d]	1797	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1798	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1799	//
	1800	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1801	//
[de62360d]	1802	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1803	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1804	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1805	//
[de62360d]	1806	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1807	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1808	//
	1809	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1810	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1811	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1812	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1813	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1814
[b87a5ed]	1815	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1816	typegen_type_specifier
	1817	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1818	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1819	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1820	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1821	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1822	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1823	;
[b87a5ed]	1824
	1825	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1826	typegen_name
	1827	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1828	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1829	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1830	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1831	;
[b87a5ed]	1832
[2871210]	1833	typegen_name: // CFA
	1834	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1835	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1836	;
	1837
[b87a5ed]	1838	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1839	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1840	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1841	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1842	;
[b87a5ed]	1843
	1844	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1845	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1846	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1847	assertion_list_opt
	1848	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1849	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1850	;
[b87a5ed]	1851
	1852	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1853	OTYPE
[4d51835]	1854	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Type; }
	1855	\| DTYPE
	1856	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1857	\| FTYPE
	1858	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
	1859	;
[b87a5ed]	1860
	1861	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1862	// empty
	1863	{ $$ = 0; }
	1864	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[4e06c1e]	1865	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1866	;
[b87a5ed]	1867
	1868	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1869	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1870	{
[4040425]	1871	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1872	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1873	}
[4040425]	1874	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1875	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1876	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1877	{ $$ = 0; }
	1878	;
[b87a5ed]	1879
	1880	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1881	type_name
	1882	{ $$ = new TypeValueNode( $1 ); }
	1883	\| assignment_expression
	1884	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[de62360d]	1885	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( new TypeValueNode( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	1886	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[de62360d]	1887	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_link( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1888	;
[b87a5ed]	1889
	1890	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1891	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1892	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1893	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1894	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1895	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1896	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1897	;
[b87a5ed]	1898
	1899	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1900	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1901	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1902	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1903	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1904	;
[b87a5ed]	1905
	1906	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1907	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1908	{
[de62360d]	1909	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1910	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1911	}
[2871210]	1912	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1913	{
[de62360d]	1914	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1915	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1916	}
	1917	;
[b87a5ed]	1918
[4040425]	1919	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1920	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1921	{
[de62360d]	1922	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1923	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1924	}
[4040425]	1925	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1926	{
[4040425]	1927	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1928	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1929	}
[4040425]	1930	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1931	{
[4040425]	1932	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1933	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1934	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1935	}
	1936	;
[b87a5ed]	1937
[4040425]	1938	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1939	trait_declaration
	1940	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1941	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1942	;
[b87a5ed]	1943
[4040425]	1944	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1945	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1946	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1947	;
[b87a5ed]	1948
[4040425]	1949	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1950	new_variable_specifier
	1951	{
	1952	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1953	$$ = $1;
	1954	}
	1955	\| new_function_specifier
	1956	{
	1957	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1958	$$ = $1;
	1959	}
[4040425]	1960	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1961	{
[de62360d]	1962	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	1963	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1964	}
	1965	;
[b87a5ed]	1966
[4040425]	1967	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1968	type_specifier declarator
	1969	{
	1970	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1971	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	1972	}
[4040425]	1973	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	1974	{
	1975	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1976	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	1977	}
	1978	;
[51b73452]	1979
[c11e31c]	1980	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	1981
	1982	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	1983	// empty
	1984	{} // empty input file
	1985	\| external_definition_list
	1986	{
	1987	if ( theTree ) {
	1988	theTree->appendList( $1 );
	1989	} else {
	1990	theTree = $1;
	1991	}
	1992	}
	1993	;
[51b73452]	1994
	1995	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	1996	external_definition
	1997	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[de62360d]	1998	{ $$ = ( $1 != NULL ) ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	1999	;
[51b73452]	2000
	2001	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	2002	// empty
	2003	{ $$ = 0; }
	2004	\| external_definition_list
	2005	;
[51b73452]	2006
	2007	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2008	declaration
	2009	\| external_function_definition
	2010	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2011	{}
	2012	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2013	{
	2014	linkageStack.push( linkage );
	2015	linkage = LinkageSpec::fromString( *$2 );
	2016	}
	2017	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2018	{
	2019	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2020	linkageStack.pop();
	2021	$$ = $5;
	2022	}
	2023	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2024	{ // mark all fields in list
	2025	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != NULL; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_link() )
	2026	iter->set_extension( true );
	2027	$$ = $2;
	2028	}
[4d51835]	2029	;
	2030
	2031	external_function_definition:
	2032	function_definition
[de62360d]	2033	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2034	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2035	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2036	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2037	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2038	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2039	{
	2040	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2041	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2042	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2043	}
	2044	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2045	{
	2046	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2047	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2048	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2049	}
	2050	;
[51b73452]	2051
	2052	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2053	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2054	{
	2055	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2056	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2057	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2058	}
	2059	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2060	{
	2061	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2062	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2063	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2064	}
	2065	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2066	{
	2067	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2068	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2069	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2070	}
	2071	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2072	{
	2073	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2074	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2075	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2076	}
	2077	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2078	{
	2079	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2080	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2081	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2082	}
	2083
	2084	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2085	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2086	{
	2087	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2088	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2089	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2090	}
	2091	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2092	{
	2093	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2094	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2095	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2096	}
	2097
	2098	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2099	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2100	{
	2101	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2102	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2103	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2104	}
	2105	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2106	{
	2107	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2108	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2109	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2110	}
	2111	;
[51b73452]	2112
	2113	declarator:
[4d51835]	2114	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2115	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2116	\| function_declarator
	2117	;
[51b73452]	2118
	2119	subrange:
[4d51835]	2120	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d9e2280]	2121	{ $$ = new CompositeExprNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2122	;
[b87a5ed]	2123
	2124	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2125	// empty
	2126	\| ASM '(' string_literal_list ')' attribute_list_opt
	2127	;
[b87a5ed]	2128
	2129	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2130	// empty
[1db21619]	2131	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2132	\| attribute_list
	2133	;
[b87a5ed]	2134
	2135	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2136	attribute
	2137	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2138	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2139	;
[b87a5ed]	2140
	2141	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2142	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2143	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
	2144	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2145	;
[b87a5ed]	2146
	2147	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2148	attrib
	2149	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2150	;
[b87a5ed]	2151
	2152	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2153	// empty
	2154	\| any_word
	2155	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')'
	2156	;
[b87a5ed]	2157
	2158	any_word: // GCC
[2871210]	2159	identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	2160	\| storage_class_name {}
	2161	\| basic_type_name {}
	2162	\| type_qualifier {}
	2163	;
[51b73452]	2164
[c11e31c]	2165	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2166	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2167	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2168	// in:
[c11e31c]	2169	//
[b87a5ed]	2170	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2171	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2172	//
[de62360d]	2173	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2174	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2175	// ============================================================================
	2176
	2177	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2178	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2179	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2180	//
[b87a5ed]	2181	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2182	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2183	// int f; int f {}
	2184	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2185	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2186	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2187	//
[de62360d]	2188	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2189	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2190	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2191
[de62360d]	2192	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2193	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2194
	2195	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2196	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2197	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2198	\| variable_ptr
	2199	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2200	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2201	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2202	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2203	;
[51b73452]	2204
	2205	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2206	identifier
	2207	{
[de62360d]	2208	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2209	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2210	}
	2211	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2212	{ $$ = $2; }
	2213	;
[51b73452]	2214
	2215	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2216	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2217	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2218	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2219	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2220	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2221	{ $$ = $2; }
	2222	;
[51b73452]	2223
	2224	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2225	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2226	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2227	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2228	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2229	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2230	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2231	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2232	{ $$ = $2; }
	2233	;
[51b73452]	2234
	2235	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2236	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2237	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2238	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2239	{ $$ = $2; }
	2240	;
[51b73452]	2241
[c6b1105]	2242	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2243	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2244	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2245
	2246	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2247	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2248	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2249	\| function_ptr
	2250	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2251	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2252	;
[51b73452]	2253
	2254	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2255	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2256	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2257	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2258	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2259	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2260	{ $$ = $2; }
	2261	;
[51b73452]	2262
	2263	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2264	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2265	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2266	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2267	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2268	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2269	{ $$ = $2; }
	2270	;
[51b73452]	2271
	2272	function_array:
[4d51835]	2273	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2274	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2275	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2276	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2277	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2278	{ $$ = $2; }
	2279	;
[51b73452]	2280
[de62360d]	2281	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2282	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2283	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2284
	2285	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2286	old_function_no_ptr
	2287	\| old_function_ptr
	2288	\| old_function_array
	2289	;
[51b73452]	2290
	2291	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2292	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2293	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2294	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2295	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2296	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2297	{ $$ = $2; }
	2298	;
[51b73452]	2299
	2300	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2301	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2302	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2303	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2304	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2305	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2306	{ $$ = $2; }
	2307	;
[51b73452]	2308
	2309	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2310	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2311	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2312	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2313	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2314	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2315	{ $$ = $2; }
	2316	;
[51b73452]	2317
[2871210]	2318	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2319	//
[b87a5ed]	2320	// typedef int foo;
	2321	// {
	2322	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2323	// }
[c11e31c]	2324	//
[de62360d]	2325	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2326	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2327
[c6b1105]	2328	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2329	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2330	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2331	\| type_ptr
	2332	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2333	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2334	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2335	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2336	;
[51b73452]	2337
[2871210]	2338	paren_type:
	2339	typedef
	2340	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2341	{ $$ = $2; }
	2342	;
[51b73452]	2343
[2871210]	2344	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2345	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2346	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2347	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2348	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2349	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2350	{ $$ = $2; }
	2351	;
[51b73452]	2352
[2871210]	2353	type_array:
	2354	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2355	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2356	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2357	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2358	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2359	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2360	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2361	{ $$ = $2; }
	2362	;
[51b73452]	2363
[2871210]	2364	type_function:
	2365	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2366	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2367	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2368	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2369	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2370	{ $$ = $2; }
	2371	;
[51b73452]	2372
[de62360d]	2373	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2374	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2375	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2376	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2377
	2378	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2379	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2380	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2381	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2382	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2383	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2384	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2385	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2386	;
[51b73452]	2387
	2388	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2389	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2390	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2391	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2392	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2393	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2394	{ $$ = $2; }
	2395	;
[51b73452]	2396
	2397	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2398	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2399	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2400	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2401	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2402	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2403	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2404	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2405	{ $$ = $2; }
	2406	;
[51b73452]	2407
	2408	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2409	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2410	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2411	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2412	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2413	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2414	{ $$ = $2; }
	2415	;
[b87a5ed]	2416
[de62360d]	2417	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2418	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2419	//
[b87a5ed]	2420	// typedef int foo;
	2421	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2422	//
[de62360d]	2423	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2424	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2425	//
[b87a5ed]	2426	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2427	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2428	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2429	//
[c6b1105]	2430	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2431	//
[b87a5ed]	2432	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2433	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2434	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2435	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2436	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2437	//
[de62360d]	2438	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2439	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2440	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2441	// functions.
[51b73452]	2442
[2871210]	2443	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2444	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2445	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2446	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2447	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2448	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2449	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2450	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2451	;
[51b73452]	2452
	2453	typedef:
[4d51835]	2454	TYPEDEFname
	2455	{
[de62360d]	2456	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2457	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2458	}
[2871210]	2459	\| TYPEGENname
	2460	{
	2461	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2462	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2463	}
[4d51835]	2464	;
[51b73452]	2465
[2871210]	2466	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2467	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2468	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2469	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2470	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2471	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2472	{ $$ = $2; }
	2473	;
[51b73452]	2474
[2871210]	2475	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2476	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2477	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2478	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2479	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2480	;
[51b73452]	2481
[2871210]	2482	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2483	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2484	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2485	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2486	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2487	;
[b87a5ed]	2488
[de62360d]	2489	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2490	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2491	//
[b87a5ed]	2492	// sizeof( int );
	2493	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2494	//
[de62360d]	2495	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2496	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2497
	2498	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2499	abstract_ptr
	2500	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2501	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2502	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2503	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2504	;
[51b73452]	2505
	2506	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2507	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2508	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2509	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2510	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2511	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2512	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2513	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2514	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2515	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2516	{ $$ = $2; }
	2517	;
[51b73452]	2518
	2519	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2520	array_dimension
	2521	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2522	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2523	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2524	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2525	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2526	{ $$ = $2; }
	2527	;
[51b73452]	2528
	2529	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2530	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2531	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, 0, $3, 0 ); }
	2532	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2533	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2534	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2535	{ $$ = $2; }
	2536	;
[51b73452]	2537
	2538	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2539	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2540	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2541	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2542	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2543	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2544	\| multi_array_dimension
	2545	;
[51b73452]	2546
	2547	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2548	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2549	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2550	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2551	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2552	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2553	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2554	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2555	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2556	;
[51b73452]	2557
[c11e31c]	2558	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2559	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2560	//
[b87a5ed]	2561	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2562	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2563	//
[de62360d]	2564	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2565	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2566
	2567	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2568	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2569	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2570	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2571	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2572	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2573	;
[51b73452]	2574
	2575	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2576	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2577	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2578	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2579	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2580	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2581	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2582	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2583	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2584	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2585	{ $$ = $2; }
	2586	;
[51b73452]	2587
	2588	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2589	array_parameter_dimension
	2590	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2591	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2592	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2593	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2594	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2595	{ $$ = $2; }
	2596	;
[51b73452]	2597
	2598	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2599	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2600	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, 0, $3, 0 ); }
	2601	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2602	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2603	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2604	{ $$ = $2; }
	2605	;
[51b73452]	2606
	2607	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2608	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2609	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2610	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2611	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2612	\| multi_array_dimension
	2613	;
[51b73452]	2614
[c11e31c]	2615	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2616	//
[de62360d]	2617	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2618	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2619
	2620	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2621	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2622	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2623	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2624	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2625	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2626	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2627	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2628	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2629	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2630	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2631	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2632	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2633	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2634	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2635	;
[b87a5ed]	2636
[de62360d]	2637	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2638	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2639	//
[b87a5ed]	2640	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2641	//
[de62360d]	2642	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2643	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2644
	2645	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2646	variable_abstract_ptr
	2647	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2648	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2649	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2650	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2651	;
[51b73452]	2652
	2653	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2654	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2655	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2656	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2657	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2658	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2659	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2660	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2661	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2662	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2663	{ $$ = $2; }
	2664	;
[51b73452]	2665
	2666	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2667	array_dimension
	2668	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2669	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2670	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2671	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2672	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2673	{ $$ = $2; }
	2674	;
[51b73452]	2675
	2676	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2677	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2678	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2679	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2680	{ $$ = $2; }
	2681	;
[b87a5ed]	2682
[de62360d]	2683	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2684	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2685
	2686	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2687	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2688	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2689	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2690	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2691	;
[b87a5ed]	2692
	2693	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2694	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2695	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2696	;
[b87a5ed]	2697
	2698	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2699	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2700	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2701	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2702	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2703	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2704	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2705	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2706	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2707	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2708	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2709	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2710	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2711	;
[b87a5ed]	2712
	2713	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2714	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2715	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2716	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2717	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2718	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2719	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2720	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2721	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2722	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2723	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2724	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2725	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2726	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2727	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2728	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2729	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2730	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2731	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2732	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2733	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2734	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2735	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2736	;
[51b73452]	2737
	2738	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2739	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2740	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2741	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2742	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2743	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2744	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2745	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2746	// appear in this context.
	2747	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2748	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2749	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2750	;
[b87a5ed]	2751
[de62360d]	2752	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2753	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2754	//
[b87a5ed]	2755	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2756	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2757	//
	2758	// These rules need LR(3):
	2759	//
[2871210]	2760	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2761	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2762	//
	2763	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2764	//
[b87a5ed]	2765	// [int, int] t;
	2766	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2767	//
[2871210]	2768	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2769	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2770	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2771	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2772
	2773	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2774	new_abstract_tuple
	2775	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2776	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2777	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2778	;
[b87a5ed]	2779
	2780	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2781	new_abstract_ptr
	2782	\| new_abstract_array
	2783	;
[b87a5ed]	2784
	2785	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2786	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2787	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2788	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2789	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2790	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2791	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2792	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2793	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2794	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2795	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2796	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2797	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2798	;
[b87a5ed]	2799
	2800	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2801	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2802	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2803	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2804	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
	2805	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2806	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2807	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2808	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2809	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
	2810	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
	2811	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2812	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2813	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2814	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2815	;
[b87a5ed]	2816
	2817	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2818	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2819	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2820	;
[b87a5ed]	2821
	2822	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[2871210]	2823	'[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2824	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $4, 0 ); }
[4d51835]	2825	\| new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2826	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, $1, $4, 0 ); }
	2827	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2828	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( 0, $1, $4, 0 ); }
	2829	;
[b87a5ed]	2830
[de62360d]	2831	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2832	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2833	//
[de62360d]	2834	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2835	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2836	//
	2837	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2838	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2839	//
[de62360d]	2840	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2841	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2842
[c11e31c]	2843	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2844
[b87a5ed]	2845	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2846	// empty
	2847	\| ','
	2848	;
[51b73452]	2849
	2850	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2851	// empty
	2852	{ $$ = 0; }
	2853	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2854	{ $$ = $2; }
	2855	;
[51b73452]	2856
	2857	%%
[c11e31c]	2858	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2859
[5f2f2d7]	2860	void yyerror( const char * ) {
	2861	std::cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2862	if ( yyfilename ) {
[45161b4d]	2863	std::cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2864	} // if
[b1d6dd5]	2865	std::cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << std::endl;
[51b73452]	2866	}
	2867
[c11e31c]	2868	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2869	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2870	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2871	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2872	// End: //

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