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Last change on this file since 32b018e was 1b29996, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 9 years ago
lex/parse new tuples
Property mode set to `100644`
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Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[1b29996]	12	// Last Modified On : Wed Oct 26 17:35:53 2016
	13	// Update Count : 2066
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[51b73452]	45
	46	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	47
	48	#include <cstdio>
	49	#include <stack>
	50	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	51	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	52	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	53	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	54	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	55	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
[2298f728]	56	using namespace std;
[51b73452]	57
[cbaee0d]	58	extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
[8b7ee09]	59	extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
[0da3e2c]	60	extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
	61
[2298f728]	62	stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
[7bf7fb9]	63
[2298f728]	64	void appendStr( string to, string from ) {
[7bf7fb9]	65	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
[ab57786]	66	to->insert( to->length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
[7bf7fb9]	67	} // appendStr
[51b73452]	68	%}
	69
[c11e31c]	70	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	71
[c11e31c]	72	// keywords
[51b73452]	73	%token TYPEDEF
	74	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	75	%token INLINE // C99
	76	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	77	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	78	%token RESTRICT // C99
	79	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[51b73452]	80	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED
[90c3b1c]	81	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	82	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	83	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	84	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[e7aed49]	85	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	86	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	87	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	88	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	89	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	90	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	91	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	92
[c11e31c]	93	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	94	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	95	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
[1b29996]	96	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	97	// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
	98	// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
	99	// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
	100	%token<tok> REALDECIMALconstant REALFRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
[b87a5ed]	101	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	102
[c11e31c]	103	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	104	%token ARROW // ->
	105	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	106	%token LS RS // << >>
	107	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	108	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	109	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	110
	111	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	112	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	113	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	114	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	115
[e7aed49]	116	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	117
[c11e31c]	118	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	119	%union
	120	{
[b87a5ed]	121	Token tok;
	122	ParseNode *pn;
	123	ExpressionNode *en;
	124	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	125	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	126	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	127	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	128	ConstantExpr *constant;
[2f22cc4]	129	ForCtl *fctl;
[7f5566b]	130	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	131	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	132	OperKinds op;
[ab57786]	133	std::string *str;
[7f5566b]	134	bool flag;
[51b73452]	135	}
	136
[097e2b0]	137	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	138	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[ab57786]	139	%type<constant> string_literal
	140	%type<str> string_literal_list
[51b73452]	141
[c11e31c]	142	// expressions
[d1625f8]	143	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	144	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	145	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	146	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	147	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	148	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	149	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	150	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	151	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	152	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression assignment_opt
	153	%type<fctl> for_control_expression
[51b73452]	154	%type<en> subrange
[7f5566b]	155	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	156	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	157	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	158	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	159
[c11e31c]	160	// statements
[b87a5ed]	161	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	162	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	163	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	164	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	165	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	166	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	167	%type<en> case_value
	168	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	169	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
[1d4580a]	170	%type<sn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	171
[c11e31c]	172	// declarations
[51b73452]	173	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	174	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	175	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	176
	177	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	178	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	179
	180	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	181
	182	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	183
	184	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	185
	186	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	187
[4040425]	188	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	189
	190	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	191	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	192
	193	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	194
	195	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	196	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	197
	198	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	199
	200	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
	201	%type<en> field field_list
[faddbd8]	202	%type<tok> field_name
[51b73452]	203
[4d51835]	204	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	205
	206	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	207	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	208
	209	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	210	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	211	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	212
	213	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	214
[4040425]	215	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	216	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	217
	218	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	219	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	220
	221	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	222
	223	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	224
	225	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	226	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	227
	228	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	229	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	230
[2871210]	231	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	232
[0da3e2c]	233	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
[51b73452]	234
	235	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	236
	237	%type<tclass> type_class
	238	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	239
[2871210]	240	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	241	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	242	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	243	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	244
	245	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	246	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	247
	248	%type<en> type_name_list
	249
	250	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	251
	252	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	253	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	254
[1db21619]	255	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	256
[c11e31c]	257	// initializers
[51b73452]	258	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	259
[c11e31c]	260	// designators
[51b73452]	261	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	262
	263
[b87a5ed]	264	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	265	// is ambiguous:
	266	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	267	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	268	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	269
[c11e31c]	270	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	271	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	272
[b87a5ed]	273	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	274
	275	%%
[c11e31c]	276	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	277
[de62360d]	278	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	279	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	280	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	281	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	282	//
[de62360d]	283	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
[9059213]	284	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
[de62360d]	285	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	286	//
[de62360d]	287	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
[9059213]	288	// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
	289	// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	290	//
[de62360d]	291	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	292	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	293	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	294	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
[9059213]	295	// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
[c11e31c]	296	//
[de62360d]	297	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	298	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	299	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	300	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	301	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	302	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	303	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	304
	305	push:
[ab57786]	306	{ typedefTable.enterScope(); }
[4d51835]	307	;
[51b73452]	308
	309	pop:
[ab57786]	310	{ typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
[4d51835]	311	;
[51b73452]	312
[c11e31c]	313	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	314
	315	constant:
[de62360d]	316	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[ab57786]	317	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	318	\| REALDECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	319	\| REALFRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
[ab57786]	320	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	321	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	322	;
[51b73452]	323
	324	identifier:
[4d51835]	325	IDENTIFIER
	326	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	327	\| zero_one // CFA
	328	;
[51b73452]	329
	330	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	331	IDENTIFIER
	332	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	333	;
[51b73452]	334
	335	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	336	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	337	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	338	;
[51b73452]	339
[b87a5ed]	340	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	341	ZERO
	342	\| ONE
	343	;
[51b73452]	344
[ab57786]	345	string_literal:
	346	string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
	347	;
	348
[b87a5ed]	349	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[ab57786]	350	STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	351	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	352	{
[ab57786]	353	appendStr( $1, $2 ); // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
[7bf7fb9]	354	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
[ab57786]	355	$$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	356	}
[4d51835]	357	;
[51b73452]	358
[c11e31c]	359	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	360
	361	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	362	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	363	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	364	\| zero_one
[d1625f8]	365	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	366	\| tuple
[4d51835]	367	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	368	{ $$ = $2; }
	369	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[1b772749]	370	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	371	;
[51b73452]	372
	373	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	374	primary_expression
	375	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	376	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	377	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	378	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	379	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	380	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	381	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	382	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	383	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	384	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	385	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[1b29996]	386	\| postfix_expression REALFRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
[4d51835]	387	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	388	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	389	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
	390	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	391	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	392	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	393	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	394	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	395	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	396	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	397	{
[9706554]	398	Token fn;
[9c23f31]	399	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
[b6fe7e6]	400	$$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	401	}
[4d51835]	402	;
[51b73452]	403
	404	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	405	argument_expression
	406	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[1d4580a]	407	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	408	;
[51b73452]	409
	410	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	411	// empty
	412	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
	413	\| assignment_expression
	414	;
[b87a5ed]	415
	416	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	417	field
[1d4580a]	418	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	419	;
[b87a5ed]	420
	421	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[faddbd8]	422	field_name
	423	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	424	\| REALDECIMALconstant field
	425	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $2, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
	426	\| REALDECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
	427	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $4, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	428	\| field_name '.' field
[d1625f8]	429	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $3, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	430	\| field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	431	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $5, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	432	\| field_name ARROW field
[d1625f8]	433	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $3, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	434	\| field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[d1625f8]	435	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $5, build_varref( $1 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	436	;
[51b73452]	437
[faddbd8]	438	field_name:
[1b29996]	439	INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
	440	{ $$ = $1; }
	441	\| FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
	442	{ $$ = $1; }
	443	\| no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
	444	{ $$ = $1; }
	445	;
	446
	447	fraction_constants:
	448	// empty
	449	\| fraction_constants REALFRACTIONconstant
[faddbd8]	450	;
	451
[51b73452]	452	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	453	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	454	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	455	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	456	\| constant
	457	{ $$ = $1; }
[ab57786]	458	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	459	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	460	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	461	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	462	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	463	// { * X; } // dereference X
	464	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	465	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	466	{
	467	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	468	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	469	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	470	break;
[d9e2280]	471	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	472	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	473	break;
	474	default:
	475	assert( false );
	476	}
	477	}
[4d51835]	478	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	479	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	480	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	481	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	482	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	483	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	484	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	485	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	486	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	487	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	488	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	489	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	490	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	491	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	492	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	493	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	494	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	495	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	496	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	497	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	498	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	499	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	500	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	501	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	502	;
[51b73452]	503
[dd51906]	504	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	505	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	506	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	507	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	508	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	509	;
	510
[51b73452]	511	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	512	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	513	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	514	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	515	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	516	;
[51b73452]	517
	518	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	519	unary_expression
	520	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	521	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	522	// \| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
	523	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	524	;
[51b73452]	525
	526	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	527	cast_expression
	528	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	529	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	530	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	531	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	532	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	533	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	534	;
[51b73452]	535
	536	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	537	multiplicative_expression
	538	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	539	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	540	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	541	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	542	;
[51b73452]	543
	544	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	545	additive_expression
	546	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	547	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	548	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	549	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	550	;
[51b73452]	551
	552	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	553	shift_expression
	554	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	555	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	556	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	557	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	558	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	559	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	560	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	561	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	562	;
[51b73452]	563
	564	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	565	relational_expression
	566	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	567	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	568	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	569	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	570	;
[51b73452]	571
	572	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	573	equality_expression
	574	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	575	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	576	;
[51b73452]	577
	578	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	579	AND_expression
	580	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	581	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	582	;
[51b73452]	583
	584	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	585	exclusive_OR_expression
	586	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	587	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	588	;
[51b73452]	589
	590	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	591	inclusive_OR_expression
	592	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	593	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	594	;
[51b73452]	595
	596	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	597	logical_AND_expression
	598	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	599	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	600	;
[51b73452]	601
	602	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	603	logical_OR_expression
	604	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	605	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	606	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	607	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	608	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	609	// \| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
	610	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	611	;
[51b73452]	612
	613	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	614	conditional_expression
	615	;
[51b73452]	616
	617	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	618	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	619	conditional_expression
	620	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	621	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[1b29996]	622	// \| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
	623	// { $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	624	;
[51b73452]	625
	626	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	627	// empty
[d1625f8]	628	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	629	\| assignment_expression
	630	;
[b87a5ed]	631
[9706554]	632	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	633	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
[a839867]	634	\| ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
[d9e2280]	635	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	636	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	637	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	638	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	639	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	640	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	641	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	642	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	643	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	644	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[413ad05]	645	;
[9706554]	646
[b87a5ed]	647	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	648	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	649	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[1b29996]	650	// '[' ']'
	651	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
	652	// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	653	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
	654	'[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	655	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	656	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	657	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	658	;
[51b73452]	659
	660	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	661	assignment_expression_opt
	662	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
[1d4580a]	663	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	664	;
[51b73452]	665
	666	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	667	assignment_expression
[9706554]	668	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	669	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	670	;
[51b73452]	671
	672	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	673	// empty
	674	{ $$ = 0; }
	675	\| comma_expression
	676	;
[51b73452]	677
[c11e31c]	678	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	679
	680	statement:
[4d51835]	681	labeled_statement
	682	\| compound_statement
	683	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	684	\| selection_statement
	685	\| iteration_statement
	686	\| jump_statement
	687	\| exception_statement
	688	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	689	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	690	{
[d9e2280]	691	Token fn;
[2298f728]	692	fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[e82aa9df]	693	$$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	694	}
[4d51835]	695	;
[51b73452]	696
	697	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	698	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	699	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	700	{
	701	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	702	}
[4d51835]	703	;
[51b73452]	704
	705	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	706	'{' '}'
[e82aa9df]	707	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	708	\| '{'
[de62360d]	709	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
	710	// requires its own scope
[4d51835]	711	push push
[51b1202]	712	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	713	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
[e82aa9df]	714	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	715	;
[b87a5ed]	716
	717	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	718	block_item
	719	\| block_item_list push block_item
[1d4580a]	720	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	721	;
[51b73452]	722
	723	block_item:
[4d51835]	724	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
[e82aa9df]	725	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	726	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	727	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	728	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	729	iter->set_extension( true );
[e82aa9df]	730	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
[8e9cbb2]	731	}
[4d51835]	732	\| function_definition
[e82aa9df]	733	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	734	\| statement pop
	735	;
[51b73452]	736
	737	statement_list:
[4d51835]	738	statement
	739	\| statement_list statement
[1d4580a]	740	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	741	;
[51b73452]	742
	743	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	744	comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	745	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	746	;
[51b73452]	747
	748	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	749	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	750	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[e82aa9df]	751	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	752	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[e82aa9df]	753	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
[4d51835]	754	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	755	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	756	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	757	{
[e82aa9df]	758	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[4e06c1e]	759	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	760	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	761	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	762	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	763	// statement.
[e82aa9df]	764	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	765	}
[4d51835]	766	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	767	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	768	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	769	{
[e82aa9df]	770	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
	771	$$ = $7 != 0 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	772	}
[4d51835]	773	;
[b87a5ed]	774
[de62360d]	775	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	776	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	777
	778	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	779	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	780	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	781	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	782	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	783	;
[b87a5ed]	784
	785	case_value_list: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	786	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
[064e3ff]	787	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[e82aa9df]	788	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	789	;
[b87a5ed]	790
	791	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	792	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[e82aa9df]	793	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
[4d51835]	794	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	795	;
[b87a5ed]	796
	797	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	798	case_label
[1d4580a]	799	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	800	;
[b87a5ed]	801
	802	case_clause: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	803	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	804	;
[b87a5ed]	805
	806	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	807	// empty
	808	{ $$ = 0; }
	809	\| switch_clause_list
	810	;
[b87a5ed]	811
	812	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	813	case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	814	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	815	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	816	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	817	;
[b87a5ed]	818
	819	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	820	// empty
	821	{ $$ = 0; }
	822	\| choose_clause_list
	823	;
[b87a5ed]	824
	825	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	826	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	827	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	828	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	829	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	830	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[1d4580a]	831	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	832	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	833	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode )$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	834	;
[b87a5ed]	835
	836	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	837	// empty
[ab57786]	838	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	839	\| fall_through
	840	;
[b87a5ed]	841
	842	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	843	FALLTHRU
	844	{ $$ = 0; }
	845	\| FALLTHRU ';'
	846	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	847	;
[51b73452]	848
	849	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	850	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	851	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	852	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[5b639ee]	853	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	854	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	855	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
[4d51835]	856	;
[51b73452]	857
	858	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	859	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	860	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	861	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[2f22cc4]	862	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	863	;
[51b73452]	864
	865	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	866	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[ab57786]	867	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
[4d51835]	868	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	869	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	870	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
[e82aa9df]	871	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	872	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	873	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	874	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	875	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	876	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	877	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	878	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4d51835]	879	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	880	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	881	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	882	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	883	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	884	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	885	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4d51835]	886	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	887	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	888	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
[e82aa9df]	889	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	890	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	891	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	892	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	893	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	894	;
[51b73452]	895
	896	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	897	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[e82aa9df]	898	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	899	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	900	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	901	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	902	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	903	;
[51b73452]	904
	905	handler_list:
[4d51835]	906	handler_clause
[de62360d]	907	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	908	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	909	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	910	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	911	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	912	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	913	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	914	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	915	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	916	;
[51b73452]	917
	918	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	919	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	920	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[4d51835]	921	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[1b772749]	922	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	923	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	924	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	925	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	926	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	927	;
[51b73452]	928
	929	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	930	FINALLY compound_statement
	931	{
[e82aa9df]	932	$$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
[4d51835]	933	}
	934	;
[51b73452]	935
	936	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	937	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	938	//
	939	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	940	//
	941	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	942	type_specifier
	943	\| type_specifier declarator
	944	{
	945	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	946	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	947	}
	948	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	949	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	950	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	951	{
	952	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	953	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	954	}
	955	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	956	;
[51b73452]	957
	958	asm_statement:
[ab57786]	959	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	960	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
[ab57786]	961	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
[e82aa9df]	962	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[ab57786]	963	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	964	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
[ab57786]	965	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	966	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
[ab57786]	967	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	968	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	969	;
	970
	971	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	972	// empty
	973	{ $$ = false; }
	974	\| VOLATILE
	975	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	976	;
[b87a5ed]	977
	978	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	979	// empty
[7f5566b]	980	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	981	\| asm_operands_list
	982	;
[b87a5ed]	983
	984	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	985	asm_operand
	986	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[1d4580a]	987	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	988	;
[b87a5ed]	989
	990	asm_operand: // GCC
[ab57786]	991	string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	992	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[ab57786]	993	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[1b772749]	994	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	995	;
	996
[4e06c1e]	997	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	998	// empty
	999	{ $$ = 0; } // use default argument
[ab57786]	1000	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	1001	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[ab57786]	1002	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
[e82aa9df]	1003	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1004	;
[b87a5ed]	1005
[7f5566b]	1006	label_list:
	1007	no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1008	{
	1009	$$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
	1010	delete $1; // allocated by lexer
	1011	}
[7f5566b]	1012	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1013	{
	1014	$$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
	1015	delete $3; // allocated by lexer
	1016	}
[4d51835]	1017	;
[51b73452]	1018
[c11e31c]	1019	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	1020
[b87a5ed]	1021	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	1022	pop
	1023	{ $$ = 0; }
	1024	\| declaration_list
	1025	;
[51b73452]	1026
	1027	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1028	declaration
	1029	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1030	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1031	;
[51b73452]	1032
[b87a5ed]	1033	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1034	pop
	1035	{ $$ = 0; }
	1036	\| old_declaration_list
	1037	;
[51b73452]	1038
	1039	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1040	old_declaration
	1041	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1042	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1043	;
[b87a5ed]	1044
[51b1202]	1045	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1046	// empty
[51b1202]	1047	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1048	;
[b87a5ed]	1049
[51b1202]	1050	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1051	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1052	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1053	;
[b87a5ed]	1054
[51b1202]	1055	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1056	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1057	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1058	;
[b87a5ed]	1059
	1060	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1061	new_declaration
	1062	\| old_declaration
	1063	;
[b87a5ed]	1064
[de62360d]	1065	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1066	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1067	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1068	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1069	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1070	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1071	//
[b87a5ed]	1072	// CFA C
	1073	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1074	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1075
	1076	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1077	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1078	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1079	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1080	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1081	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1082	;
[b87a5ed]	1083
	1084	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1085	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1086	{
	1087	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1088	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1089	}
	1090	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1091	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1092	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1093	{
	1094	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1095	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1096	}
[2871210]	1097	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1098	{
	1099	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1100	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1101	}
	1102	;
[b87a5ed]	1103
	1104	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1105	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1106	// storage-class
[2871210]	1107	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1108	{
	1109	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1110	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1111	}
[2871210]	1112	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1113	{
	1114	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
	1115	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	1116	}
[2871210]	1117	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1118	{
	1119	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
	1120	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 );
	1121	}
	1122	;
[b87a5ed]	1123
	1124	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1125	new_function_specifier
	1126	{
	1127	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1128	$$ = $1;
	1129	}
	1130	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1131	{
	1132	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1133	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1134	}
	1135	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1136	{
	1137	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1138	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1139	}
	1140	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1141	{
	1142	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1143	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1144	}
[2871210]	1145	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1146	{
	1147	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1148	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1149	}
	1150	;
[b87a5ed]	1151
	1152	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[1b29996]	1153	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
	1154	// {
	1155	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
	1156	// }
[2871210]	1157	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1158	// {
	1159	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1160	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1161	// }
	1162	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1163	// {
	1164	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1165	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1166	// }
	1167	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1168	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1169	//
[2871210]	1170	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1171	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1172	//
[2871210]	1173	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1174	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
[1b29996]	1175	new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1176	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1177	{
	1178	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1179	}
[2871210]	1180	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1181	{
	1182	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1183	}
	1184	;
[b87a5ed]	1185
	1186	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1187	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1188	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1189	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1190	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1191	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1192	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1193	;
[b87a5ed]	1194
	1195	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1196	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1197	{
[de62360d]	1198	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1199	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1200	}
	1201	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1202	{
[de62360d]	1203	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1204	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1205	}
	1206	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1207	{
[de62360d]	1208	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1209	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1210	}
	1211	;
[b87a5ed]	1212
[de62360d]	1213	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1214	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1215
	1216	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1217	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1218	{
[de62360d]	1219	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1220	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1221	}
	1222	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1223	{
[de62360d]	1224	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1225	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1226	}
[de62360d]	1227	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1228	{
[de62360d]	1229	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1230	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1231	}
	1232	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1233	{
[de62360d]	1234	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1235	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1236	}
	1237	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1238	{
[de62360d]	1239	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1240	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1241	}
	1242	;
[b87a5ed]	1243
[721f17a]	1244	typedef_expression:
	1245	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1246	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1247	{
[de62360d]	1248	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1249	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1250	}
	1251	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1252	{
[de62360d]	1253	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1254	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1255	}
	1256	;
[51b73452]	1257
	1258	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1259	declaring_list pop ';'
	1260	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1261	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1262	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1263	;
[51b73452]	1264
	1265	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1266	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1267	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1268	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1269	{
	1270	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1271	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1272	}
	1273	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1274	{
	1275	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1276	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1277	}
	1278	;
[b87a5ed]	1279
	1280	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1281	basic_declaration_specifier
	1282	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1283	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1284	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1285	;
[b87a5ed]	1286
	1287	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1288	basic_type_specifier
	1289	\| sue_type_specifier
	1290	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1291	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1292	;
[b87a5ed]	1293
	1294	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1295	// empty
	1296	{ $$ = 0; }
	1297	\| type_qualifier_list
	1298	;
[51b73452]	1299
	1300	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1301	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1302	//
[de62360d]	1303	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1304	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1305	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1306	type_qualifier
	1307	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1308	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1309	;
[51b73452]	1310
	1311	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1312	type_qualifier_name
	1313	\| attribute
[c1c1112]	1314	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1315	;
[51b73452]	1316
	1317	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1318	CONST
	1319	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1320	\| RESTRICT
	1321	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1322	\| VOLATILE
	1323	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1324	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1325	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1326	\| ATOMIC
	1327	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1328	\| FORALL '('
	1329	{
	1330	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1331	}
	1332	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1333	{
	1334	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1335	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1336	}
	1337	;
[51b73452]	1338
	1339	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1340	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1341	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1342	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1343	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1344	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1345	;
[51b73452]	1346
	1347	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1348	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1349	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1350	//
[de62360d]	1351	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1352	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1353	storage_class
	1354	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1355	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1356	;
[51b73452]	1357
	1358	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1359	EXTERN
	1360	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1361	\| STATIC
	1362	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1363	\| AUTO
	1364	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1365	\| REGISTER
	1366	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1367	\| INLINE // C99
[c1c1112]	1368	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1369	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isInline = true; }
[4d51835]	1370	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1371	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1372	\| NORETURN // C11
[c1c1112]	1373	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1374	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isNoreturn = true; }
[68cd1ce]	1375	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1376	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1377	;
[51b73452]	1378
	1379	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1380	CHAR
	1381	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1382	\| DOUBLE
	1383	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1384	\| FLOAT
	1385	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1386	\| INT
	1387	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1388	\| LONG
[5b639ee]	1389	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
[4d51835]	1390	\| SHORT
[5b639ee]	1391	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
[4d51835]	1392	\| SIGNED
[5b639ee]	1393	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
[4d51835]	1394	\| UNSIGNED
[5b639ee]	1395	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
[4d51835]	1396	\| VOID
	1397	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1398	\| BOOL // C99
	1399	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1400	\| COMPLEX // C99
[5b639ee]	1401	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
[4d51835]	1402	\| IMAGINARY // C99
[5b639ee]	1403	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1404	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1405	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[4d51835]	1406	;
[51b73452]	1407
	1408	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1409	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1410	basic_type_specifier
	1411	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1412	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1413	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1414	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1415	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1416	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1417	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1418	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1419	;
[51b73452]	1420
	1421	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1422	direct_type_name
	1423	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1424	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1425	;
[51b73452]	1426
	1427	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1428	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1429	basic_type_name
	1430	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1431	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1432	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1433	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1434	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1435	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1436	;
[51b73452]	1437
	1438	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1439	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1440	{ $$ = $3; }
	1441	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1442	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1443	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1444	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1445	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1446	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1447	;
[51b73452]	1448
	1449	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1450	sue_type_specifier
	1451	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1452	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1453	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1454	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1455	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1456	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1457	;
[51b73452]	1458
	1459	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1460	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1461	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1462	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1463	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1464	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1465	;
[51b73452]	1466
	1467	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1468	typedef_type_specifier
	1469	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1470	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1471	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1472	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1473	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1474	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1475	;
[b87a5ed]	1476
	1477	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1478	TYPEDEFname
	1479	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1480	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1481	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1482	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1483	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1484	;
[51b73452]	1485
	1486	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1487	aggregate_name
	1488	\| enum_name
	1489	;
[51b73452]	1490
	1491	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1492	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[2298f728]	1493	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, nullptr, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1494	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1495	{
	1496	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[2298f728]	1497	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, nullptr, false );
[45161b4d]	1498	}
	1499	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1500	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1501	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[1b772749]	1502	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1503	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[2298f728]	1504	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1505	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1506	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1507	;
[51b73452]	1508
	1509	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1510	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1511	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1512	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1513	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1514	;
[51b73452]	1515
	1516	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1517	// empty
	1518	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	1519	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[5d125e4]	1520	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1521	;
[51b73452]	1522
	1523	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1524	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1525	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1526	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1527	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1528	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1529	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	1530	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	1531	iter->set_extension( true );
	1532	$$ = $2;
	1533	}
[4d51835]	1534	;
[b87a5ed]	1535
	1536	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1537	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1538	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1539	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1540	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1541	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1542	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1543	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1544	;
[51b73452]	1545
	1546	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1547	type_specifier field_declarator
	1548	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1549	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1550	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1551	;
[51b73452]	1552
	1553	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1554	// empty
	1555	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1556	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1557	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1558	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1559	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1560	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1561	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1562	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1563	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1564	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1565	;
[51b73452]	1566
	1567	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1568	// empty
	1569	{ $$ = 0; }
	1570	\| bit_subrange_size
	1571	{ $$ = $1; }
	1572	;
[51b73452]	1573
	1574	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1575	':' constant_expression
	1576	{ $$ = $2; }
	1577	;
[51b73452]	1578
	1579	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1580	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1581	;
[51b73452]	1582
	1583	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1584	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
[2298f728]	1585	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1586	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1587	{
	1588	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1589	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1590	}
	1591	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1592	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1593	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1594	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1595	;
[51b73452]	1596
	1597	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1598	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1599	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1600	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1601	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1602	;
[51b73452]	1603
	1604	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1605	// empty
	1606	{ $$ = 0; }
	1607	\| '=' constant_expression
	1608	{ $$ = $2; }
	1609	;
[51b73452]	1610
[c11e31c]	1611	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1612
[b87a5ed]	1613	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1614	// empty
	1615	{ $$ = 0; }
	1616	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1617	;
[b87a5ed]	1618
	1619	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1620	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1621	\| new_parameter_list
	1622	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1623	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1624	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1625	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1626	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1627	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1628	;
[b87a5ed]	1629
	1630	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1631	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1632	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1633	new_parameter_declaration
	1634	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1635	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1636	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1637	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1638	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1639	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1640	;
[b87a5ed]	1641
	1642	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1643	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1644	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1645	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1646	;
[51b73452]	1647
	1648	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1649	// empty
	1650	{ $$ = 0; }
	1651	\| parameter_type_list
	1652	;
[51b73452]	1653
	1654	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1655	parameter_list
	1656	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1657	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1658	;
[b87a5ed]	1659
	1660	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1661	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1662	\| parameter_declaration
	1663	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1664	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1665	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1666	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1667	;
[51b73452]	1668
[de62360d]	1669	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1670	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1671
[b87a5ed]	1672	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1673	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1674	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1675	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1676	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1677	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1678	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1679	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1680	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1681	\| new_function_specifier
	1682	;
[b87a5ed]	1683
	1684	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1685	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1686	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1687	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1688	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1689	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1690	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1691	\| new_abstract_function
	1692	;
[51b73452]	1693
	1694	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1695	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1696	{
	1697	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1698	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1699	}
[2871210]	1700	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1701	{
	1702	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[de62360d]	1703	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( new InitializerNode( $3 ) );
[4d51835]	1704	}
	1705	;
[51b73452]	1706
	1707	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1708	declaration_specifier
	1709	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1710	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1711	;
[51b73452]	1712
[c11e31c]	1713	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1714	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1715	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1716
[b87a5ed]	1717	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1718	no_attr_identifier
	1719	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1720	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1721	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1722	;
[51b73452]	1723
[2871210]	1724	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1725	identifier
	1726	\| TYPEDEFname
	1727	\| TYPEGENname
	1728	;
[51b73452]	1729
[2871210]	1730	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1731	no_01_identifier
	1732	\| TYPEDEFname
	1733	\| TYPEGENname
	1734	;
[51b73452]	1735
[2871210]	1736	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1737	no_attr_identifier
	1738	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1739	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1740	;
[b87a5ed]	1741
	1742	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1743	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1744	\| type_specifier
	1745	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1746	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1747	;
[b87a5ed]	1748
	1749	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1750	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1751	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1752	\| type_specifier
	1753	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1754	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1755	;
[51b73452]	1756
	1757	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1758	// empty
	1759	{ $$ = 0; }
[2871210]	1760	\| '=' initializer
	1761	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1762	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1763	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1764	;
[51b73452]	1765
	1766	initializer:
[de62360d]	1767	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1768	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1769	;
[51b73452]	1770
	1771	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1772	// empty
	1773	{ $$ = 0; }
	1774	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1775	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[1d4580a]	1776	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1777	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[1d4580a]	1778	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1779	;
[b87a5ed]	1780
[de62360d]	1781	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1782	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1783	//
[b87a5ed]	1784	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1785	//
[de62360d]	1786	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1787	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1788	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1789	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1790
	1791	designation:
[4d51835]	1792	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1793	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1794	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1795	;
[51b73452]	1796
[b87a5ed]	1797	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1798	designator
[2871210]	1799	\| designator_list designator
[1d4580a]	1800	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
[d1625f8]	1801	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1802	;
[51b73452]	1803
	1804	designator:
[d1625f8]	1805	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1806	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1807	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1808	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1809	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1810	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1811	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1812	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1813	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1814	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1815	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1816	;
[51b73452]	1817
[de62360d]	1818	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1819	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1820	//
	1821	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1822	//
[de62360d]	1823	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1824	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1825	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1826	//
[de62360d]	1827	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1828	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1829	//
	1830	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1831	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1832	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1833	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1834	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1835
[b87a5ed]	1836	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1837	typegen_type_specifier
	1838	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1839	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1840	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1841	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1842	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1843	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1844	;
[b87a5ed]	1845
	1846	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1847	typegen_name
	1848	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1849	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1850	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1851	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1852	;
[b87a5ed]	1853
[2871210]	1854	typegen_name: // CFA
	1855	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1856	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1857	;
	1858
[b87a5ed]	1859	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1860	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1861	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1862	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1863	;
[b87a5ed]	1864
	1865	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1866	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1867	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1868	assertion_list_opt
	1869	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1870	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1871	;
[b87a5ed]	1872
	1873	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1874	OTYPE
[5b639ee]	1875	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
[4d51835]	1876	\| DTYPE
	1877	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1878	\| FTYPE
	1879	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
	1880	;
[b87a5ed]	1881
	1882	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1883	// empty
	1884	{ $$ = 0; }
	1885	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[4e06c1e]	1886	{ $$ = $1 != 0 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1887	;
[b87a5ed]	1888
	1889	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1890	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1891	{
[4040425]	1892	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1893	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1894	}
[4040425]	1895	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1896	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1897	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1898	{ $$ = 0; }
	1899	;
[b87a5ed]	1900
	1901	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1902	type_name
[d1625f8]	1903	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1904	\| assignment_expression
	1905	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[1d4580a]	1906	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1907	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[1d4580a]	1908	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1909	;
[b87a5ed]	1910
	1911	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1912	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1913	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1914	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1915	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1916	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1917	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1918	;
[b87a5ed]	1919
	1920	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1921	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1922	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1923	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1924	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1925	;
[b87a5ed]	1926
	1927	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1928	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1929	{
[de62360d]	1930	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1931	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1932	}
[2871210]	1933	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1934	{
[de62360d]	1935	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1936	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1937	}
	1938	;
[b87a5ed]	1939
[4040425]	1940	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1941	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1942	{
[de62360d]	1943	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1944	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1945	}
[4040425]	1946	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1947	{
[4040425]	1948	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1949	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1950	}
[4040425]	1951	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1952	{
[4040425]	1953	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1954	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1955	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1956	}
	1957	;
[b87a5ed]	1958
[4040425]	1959	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1960	trait_declaration
	1961	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1962	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1963	;
[b87a5ed]	1964
[4040425]	1965	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1966	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1967	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1968	;
[b87a5ed]	1969
[4040425]	1970	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1971	new_variable_specifier
	1972	{
	1973	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1974	$$ = $1;
	1975	}
	1976	\| new_function_specifier
	1977	{
	1978	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1979	$$ = $1;
	1980	}
[4040425]	1981	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1982	{
[de62360d]	1983	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	1984	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1985	}
	1986	;
[b87a5ed]	1987
[4040425]	1988	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1989	type_specifier declarator
	1990	{
	1991	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1992	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	1993	}
[4040425]	1994	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	1995	{
	1996	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1997	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	1998	}
	1999	;
[51b73452]	2000
[c11e31c]	2001	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	2002
	2003	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	2004	// empty
	2005	{} // empty input file
	2006	\| external_definition_list
[926af74]	2007	{ parseTree = parseTree != nullptr ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
[4d51835]	2008	;
[51b73452]	2009
	2010	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	2011	external_definition
	2012	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[926af74]	2013	{ $$ = $1 != nullptr ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	2014	;
[51b73452]	2015
	2016	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	2017	// empty
	2018	{ $$ = 0; }
	2019	\| external_definition_list
	2020	;
[51b73452]	2021
	2022	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2023	declaration
	2024	\| external_function_definition
	2025	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2026	{}
	2027	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2028	{
[3b8e52c]	2029	linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
[faddbd8]	2030	linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageCheck( $2 );
[4d51835]	2031	}
	2032	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2033	{
	2034	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2035	linkageStack.pop();
	2036	$$ = $5;
	2037	}
	2038	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2039	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	2040	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	2041	iter->set_extension( true );
	2042	$$ = $2;
	2043	}
[4d51835]	2044	;
	2045
	2046	external_function_definition:
	2047	function_definition
[de62360d]	2048	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2049	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2050	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2051	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2052	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2053	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2054	{
	2055	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2056	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2057	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2058	}
	2059	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2060	{
	2061	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2062	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2063	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2064	}
	2065	;
[51b73452]	2066
	2067	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2068	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2069	{
	2070	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2071	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2072	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2073	}
	2074	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2075	{
	2076	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2077	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2078	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2079	}
	2080	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2081	{
	2082	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2083	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2084	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2085	}
	2086	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2087	{
	2088	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2089	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2090	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2091	}
	2092	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2093	{
	2094	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2095	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2096	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2097	}
	2098
	2099	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2100	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2101	{
	2102	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2103	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2104	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2105	}
	2106	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2107	{
	2108	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2109	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2110	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2111	}
	2112
	2113	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2114	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2115	{
	2116	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2117	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2118	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2119	}
	2120	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2121	{
	2122	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2123	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2124	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2125	}
	2126	;
[51b73452]	2127
	2128	declarator:
[4d51835]	2129	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2130	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2131	\| function_declarator
	2132	;
[51b73452]	2133
	2134	subrange:
[4d51835]	2135	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2136	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2137	;
[b87a5ed]	2138
	2139	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2140	// empty
[c1c1112]	2141	\| ASM '(' string_literal_list ')' attribute_list_opt { delete $3; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2142	;
[b87a5ed]	2143
	2144	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2145	// empty
[1db21619]	2146	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2147	\| attribute_list
	2148	;
[b87a5ed]	2149
	2150	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2151	attribute
	2152	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2153	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2154	;
[b87a5ed]	2155
	2156	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2157	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2158	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
	2159	{ $$ = 0; }
[4d51835]	2160	;
[b87a5ed]	2161
	2162	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2163	attrib
	2164	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2165	;
[b87a5ed]	2166
	2167	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2168	// empty
	2169	\| any_word
[c1c1112]	2170	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')' { delete $3; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2171	;
[b87a5ed]	2172
	2173	any_word: // GCC
[c1c1112]	2174	identifier_or_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2175	\| storage_class { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2176	\| basic_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2177	\| type_qualifier { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2178	;
[51b73452]	2179
[c11e31c]	2180	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2181	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2182	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2183	// in:
[c11e31c]	2184	//
[b87a5ed]	2185	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2186	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2187	//
[de62360d]	2188	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2189	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2190	// ============================================================================
	2191
	2192	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2193	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2194	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2195	//
[b87a5ed]	2196	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2197	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2198	// int f; int f {}
	2199	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2200	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2201	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2202	//
[de62360d]	2203	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2204	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2205	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2206
[de62360d]	2207	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2208	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2209
	2210	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2211	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2212	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2213	\| variable_ptr
	2214	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2215	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2216	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2217	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2218	;
[51b73452]	2219
	2220	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2221	identifier
	2222	{
[de62360d]	2223	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2224	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2225	}
	2226	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2227	{ $$ = $2; }
	2228	;
[51b73452]	2229
	2230	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2231	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2232	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2233	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2234	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2235	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2236	{ $$ = $2; }
	2237	;
[51b73452]	2238
	2239	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2240	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2241	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2242	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2243	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2244	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2245	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2246	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2247	{ $$ = $2; }
	2248	;
[51b73452]	2249
	2250	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2251	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2252	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2253	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2254	{ $$ = $2; }
	2255	;
[51b73452]	2256
[c6b1105]	2257	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2258	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2259	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2260
	2261	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2262	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2263	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2264	\| function_ptr
	2265	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2266	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2267	;
[51b73452]	2268
	2269	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2270	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2271	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2272	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2273	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2274	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2275	{ $$ = $2; }
	2276	;
[51b73452]	2277
	2278	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2279	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2280	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2281	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2282	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2283	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2284	{ $$ = $2; }
	2285	;
[51b73452]	2286
	2287	function_array:
[4d51835]	2288	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2289	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2290	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2291	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2292	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2293	{ $$ = $2; }
	2294	;
[51b73452]	2295
[de62360d]	2296	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2297	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2298	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2299
	2300	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2301	old_function_no_ptr
	2302	\| old_function_ptr
	2303	\| old_function_array
	2304	;
[51b73452]	2305
	2306	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2307	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2308	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2309	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2310	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2311	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2312	{ $$ = $2; }
	2313	;
[51b73452]	2314
	2315	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2316	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2317	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2318	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2319	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2320	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2321	{ $$ = $2; }
	2322	;
[51b73452]	2323
	2324	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2325	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2326	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2327	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2328	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2329	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2330	{ $$ = $2; }
	2331	;
[51b73452]	2332
[2871210]	2333	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2334	//
[b87a5ed]	2335	// typedef int foo;
	2336	// {
	2337	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2338	// }
[c11e31c]	2339	//
[de62360d]	2340	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2341	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2342
[c6b1105]	2343	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2344	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2345	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2346	\| type_ptr
	2347	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2348	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2349	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2350	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2351	;
[51b73452]	2352
[2871210]	2353	paren_type:
	2354	typedef
	2355	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2356	{ $$ = $2; }
	2357	;
[51b73452]	2358
[2871210]	2359	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2360	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2361	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2362	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2363	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2364	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2365	{ $$ = $2; }
	2366	;
[51b73452]	2367
[2871210]	2368	type_array:
	2369	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2370	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2371	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2372	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2373	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2374	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2375	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2376	{ $$ = $2; }
	2377	;
[51b73452]	2378
[2871210]	2379	type_function:
	2380	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2381	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2382	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2383	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2384	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2385	{ $$ = $2; }
	2386	;
[51b73452]	2387
[de62360d]	2388	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2389	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2390	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2391	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2392
	2393	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2394	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2395	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2396	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2397	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2398	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2399	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2400	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2401	;
[51b73452]	2402
	2403	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2404	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2405	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2406	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2407	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2408	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2409	{ $$ = $2; }
	2410	;
[51b73452]	2411
	2412	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2413	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2414	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2415	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2416	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2417	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2418	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2419	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2420	{ $$ = $2; }
	2421	;
[51b73452]	2422
	2423	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2424	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2425	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2426	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2427	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2428	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2429	{ $$ = $2; }
	2430	;
[b87a5ed]	2431
[de62360d]	2432	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2433	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2434	//
[b87a5ed]	2435	// typedef int foo;
	2436	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2437	//
[de62360d]	2438	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2439	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2440	//
[b87a5ed]	2441	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2442	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2443	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2444	//
[c6b1105]	2445	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2446	//
[b87a5ed]	2447	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2448	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2449	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2450	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2451	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2452	//
[de62360d]	2453	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2454	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2455	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2456	// functions.
[51b73452]	2457
[2871210]	2458	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2459	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2460	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2461	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2462	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2463	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2464	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2465	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2466	;
[51b73452]	2467
	2468	typedef:
[4d51835]	2469	TYPEDEFname
	2470	{
[de62360d]	2471	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2472	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2473	}
[2871210]	2474	\| TYPEGENname
	2475	{
	2476	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2477	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2478	}
[4d51835]	2479	;
[51b73452]	2480
[2871210]	2481	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2482	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2483	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2484	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2485	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2486	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2487	{ $$ = $2; }
	2488	;
[51b73452]	2489
[2871210]	2490	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2491	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2492	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2493	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2494	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2495	;
[51b73452]	2496
[2871210]	2497	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2498	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2499	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2500	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2501	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2502	;
[b87a5ed]	2503
[de62360d]	2504	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2505	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2506	//
[b87a5ed]	2507	// sizeof( int );
	2508	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2509	//
[de62360d]	2510	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2511	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2512
	2513	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2514	abstract_ptr
	2515	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2516	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2517	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2518	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2519	;
[51b73452]	2520
	2521	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2522	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2523	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2524	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2525	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2526	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2527	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2528	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2529	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2530	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2531	{ $$ = $2; }
	2532	;
[51b73452]	2533
	2534	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2535	array_dimension
	2536	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2537	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2538	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2539	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2540	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2541	{ $$ = $2; }
	2542	;
[51b73452]	2543
	2544	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2545	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2546	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2547	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2548	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2549	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2550	{ $$ = $2; }
	2551	;
[51b73452]	2552
	2553	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2554	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2555	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2556	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2557	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2558	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2559	\| multi_array_dimension
	2560	;
[51b73452]	2561
	2562	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2563	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2564	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2565	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2566	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2567	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2568	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2569	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2570	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2571	;
[51b73452]	2572
[c11e31c]	2573	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2574	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2575	//
[b87a5ed]	2576	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2577	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2578	//
[de62360d]	2579	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2580	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2581
	2582	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2583	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2584	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2585	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2586	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2587	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2588	;
[51b73452]	2589
	2590	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2591	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2592	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2593	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2594	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2595	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2596	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2597	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2598	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2599	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2600	{ $$ = $2; }
	2601	;
[51b73452]	2602
	2603	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2604	array_parameter_dimension
	2605	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2606	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2607	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2608	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2609	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2610	{ $$ = $2; }
	2611	;
[51b73452]	2612
	2613	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2614	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2615	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2616	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2617	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2618	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2619	{ $$ = $2; }
	2620	;
[51b73452]	2621
	2622	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2623	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2624	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2625	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2626	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2627	\| multi_array_dimension
	2628	;
[51b73452]	2629
[c11e31c]	2630	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2631	//
[de62360d]	2632	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2633	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2634
	2635	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2636	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2637	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2638	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2639	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2640	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2641	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2642	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2643	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2644	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2645	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2646	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2647	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2648	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2649	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2650	;
[b87a5ed]	2651
[de62360d]	2652	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2653	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2654	//
[b87a5ed]	2655	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2656	//
[de62360d]	2657	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2658	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2659
	2660	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2661	variable_abstract_ptr
	2662	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2663	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2664	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2665	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2666	;
[51b73452]	2667
	2668	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2669	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2670	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2671	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2672	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2673	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2674	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2675	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2676	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2677	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2678	{ $$ = $2; }
	2679	;
[51b73452]	2680
	2681	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2682	array_dimension
	2683	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2684	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2685	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2686	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2687	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2688	{ $$ = $2; }
	2689	;
[51b73452]	2690
	2691	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2692	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2693	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2694	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2695	{ $$ = $2; }
	2696	;
[b87a5ed]	2697
[de62360d]	2698	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2699	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2700
	2701	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2702	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2703	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2704	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2705	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2706	;
[b87a5ed]	2707
	2708	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2709	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2710	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2711	;
[b87a5ed]	2712
	2713	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2714	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2715	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2716	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2717	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2718	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2719	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2720	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2721	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2722	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2723	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2724	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2725	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2726	;
[b87a5ed]	2727
	2728	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2729	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2730	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2731	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2732	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2733	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2734	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2735	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2736	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2737	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2738	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2739	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2740	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[9059213]	2741
[2871210]	2742	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2743	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2744	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2745	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2746	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2747	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2748	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2749	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2750	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2751	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2752	;
[51b73452]	2753
	2754	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2755	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2756	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2757	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2758	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2759	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2760	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2761	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2762	// appear in this context.
	2763	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2764	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2765	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2766	;
[b87a5ed]	2767
[de62360d]	2768	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2769	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2770	//
[b87a5ed]	2771	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2772	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2773	//
	2774	// These rules need LR(3):
	2775	//
[2871210]	2776	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2777	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2778	//
	2779	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2780	//
[b87a5ed]	2781	// [int, int] t;
	2782	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2783	//
[2871210]	2784	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2785	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2786	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2787	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2788
	2789	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2790	new_abstract_tuple
	2791	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2792	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2793	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2794	;
[b87a5ed]	2795
	2796	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2797	new_abstract_ptr
	2798	\| new_abstract_array
	2799	;
[b87a5ed]	2800
	2801	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2802	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2803	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2804	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2805	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2806	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2807	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2808	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2809	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2810	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2811	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2812	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2813	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2814	;
[b87a5ed]	2815
	2816	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2817	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2818	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2819	'[' ']' type_specifier
[2298f728]	2820	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2821	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
[2298f728]	2822	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2823	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2824	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2825	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2826	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2827	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2828	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2829	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2830	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2831	;
[b87a5ed]	2832
	2833	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2834	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2835	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2836	;
[b87a5ed]	2837
	2838	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[1b29996]	2839	// '[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2840	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
	2841	new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2842	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2843	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2844	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2845	;
[b87a5ed]	2846
[de62360d]	2847	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2848	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2849	//
[de62360d]	2850	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2851	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2852	//
	2853	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2854	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2855	//
[de62360d]	2856	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2857	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2858
[c11e31c]	2859	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2860
[b87a5ed]	2861	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2862	// empty
	2863	\| ','
	2864	;
[51b73452]	2865
	2866	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2867	// empty
	2868	{ $$ = 0; }
	2869	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2870	{ $$ = $2; }
	2871	;
[51b73452]	2872
	2873	%%
[c11e31c]	2874	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2875
[0da3e2c]	2876	extern char *yytext;
	2877
[5f2f2d7]	2878	void yyerror( const char * ) {
[2298f728]	2879	cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2880	if ( yyfilename ) {
[2298f728]	2881	cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2882	} // if
[2298f728]	2883	cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << endl;
[51b73452]	2884	}
	2885
[c11e31c]	2886	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2887	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2888	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2889	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2890	// End: //

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