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Last change on this file since 0c286cf was 8f60f0b, checked in by Rob Schluntz <rschlunt@…>, 9 years ago
add support for ttype in the parser
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 105.9 KB

Rev	Line
[b87a5ed]	1	//
	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
	6	//
[974906e2]	7	// cfa.y --
	8	//
[c11e31c]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Sat Sep 1 20:22:55 2001
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[a7741435]	12	// Last Modified On : Wed Dec 14 21:28:22 2016
	13	// Update Count : 2090
[974906e2]	14	//
[c11e31c]	15
[de62360d]	16	// This grammar is based on the ANSI99/11 C grammar, specifically parts of EXPRESSION and STATEMENTS, and on the C
	17	// grammar by James A. Roskind, specifically parts of DECLARATIONS and EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS. While parts have been
	18	// copied, important changes have been made in all sections; these changes are sufficient to constitute a new grammar.
	19	// In particular, this grammar attempts to be more syntactically precise, i.e., it parses less incorrect language syntax
	20	// that must be subsequently rejected by semantic checks. Nevertheless, there are still several semantic checks
	21	// required and many are noted in the grammar. Finally, the grammar is extended with GCC and CFA language extensions.
[c11e31c]	22
[de62360d]	23	// Acknowledgments to Richard Bilson, Glen Ditchfield, and Rodolfo Gabriel Esteves who all helped when I got stuck with
	24	// the grammar.
[c11e31c]	25
	26	// The root language for this grammar is ANSI99/11 C. All of ANSI99/11 is parsed, except for:
	27	//
	28	// 1. designation with '=' (use ':' instead)
	29	//
[de62360d]	30	// Most of the syntactic extensions from ANSI90 to ANSI11 C are marked with the comment "C99/C11". This grammar also has
	31	// two levels of extensions. The first extensions cover most of the GCC C extensions, except for:
[c11e31c]	32	//
[e7aed49]	33	// 1. designation with and without '=' (use ':' instead)
	34	// 2. attributes not allowed in parenthesis of declarator
[c11e31c]	35	//
[de62360d]	36	// All of the syntactic extensions for GCC C are marked with the comment "GCC". The second extensions are for Cforall
	37	// (CFA), which fixes several of C's outstanding problems and extends C with many modern language concepts. All of the
	38	// syntactic extensions for CFA C are marked with the comment "CFA". As noted above, there is one unreconcileable
	39	// parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators; this is discussed in detail before the "designation"
	40	// grammar rule.
[51b73452]	41
	42	%{
[b87a5ed]	43	#define YYDEBUG_LEXER_TEXT (yylval) // lexer loads this up each time
	44	#define YYDEBUG 1 // get the pretty debugging code to compile
[51b73452]	45
	46	#undef __GNUC_MINOR__
	47
	48	#include <cstdio>
	49	#include <stack>
	50	#include "lex.h"
[984dce6]	51	#include "parser.h"
[51b73452]	52	#include "ParseNode.h"
[984dce6]	53	#include "TypedefTable.h"
[1db21619]	54	#include "TypeData.h"
[51b73452]	55	#include "LinkageSpec.h"
[2298f728]	56	using namespace std;
[51b73452]	57
[cbaee0d]	58	extern DeclarationNode * parseTree;
[8b7ee09]	59	extern LinkageSpec::Spec linkage;
[0da3e2c]	60	extern TypedefTable typedefTable;
	61
[2298f728]	62	stack< LinkageSpec::Spec > linkageStack;
[7bf7fb9]	63
[2298f728]	64	void appendStr( string to, string from ) {
[7bf7fb9]	65	// "abc" "def" "ghi" => "abcdefghi", remove new text from quotes and insert before last quote in old string.
[ab57786]	66	to->insert( to->length() - 1, from->substr( 1, from->length() - 2 ) );
[7bf7fb9]	67	} // appendStr
[51b73452]	68	%}
	69
[c11e31c]	70	//*********************** TERMINAL TOKENS ******************************
[51b73452]	71
[c11e31c]	72	// keywords
[51b73452]	73	%token TYPEDEF
	74	%token AUTO EXTERN REGISTER STATIC
[b87a5ed]	75	%token INLINE // C99
	76	%token FORTRAN // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.9(1)
[51b73452]	77	%token CONST VOLATILE
[b87a5ed]	78	%token RESTRICT // C99
	79	%token FORALL LVALUE // CFA
[3a2128f]	80	%token VOID CHAR SHORT INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE SIGNED UNSIGNED ZERO_T ONE_T
[90c3b1c]	81	%token VALIST // GCC
[b87a5ed]	82	%token BOOL COMPLEX IMAGINARY // C99
	83	%token TYPEOF LABEL // GCC
[51b73452]	84	%token ENUM STRUCT UNION
[8f60f0b]	85	%token OTYPE FTYPE DTYPE TTYPE TRAIT // CFA
[5721a6d]	86	%token SIZEOF OFFSETOF
[b87a5ed]	87	%token ATTRIBUTE EXTENSION // GCC
[51b73452]	88	%token IF ELSE SWITCH CASE DEFAULT DO WHILE FOR BREAK CONTINUE GOTO RETURN
[02e5ab6]	89	%token CHOOSE DISABLE ENABLE FALLTHRU TRY CATCH CATCHRESUME FINALLY THROW THROWRESUME AT // CFA
[b87a5ed]	90	%token ASM // C99, extension ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section J.5.10(1)
[c11e31c]	91	%token ALIGNAS ALIGNOF ATOMIC GENERIC NORETURN STATICASSERT THREADLOCAL // C11
[51b73452]	92
[c11e31c]	93	// names and constants: lexer differentiates between identifier and typedef names
[b87a5ed]	94	%token<tok> IDENTIFIER QUOTED_IDENTIFIER TYPEDEFname TYPEGENname
	95	%token<tok> ATTR_IDENTIFIER ATTR_TYPEDEFname ATTR_TYPEGENname
[1b29996]	96	%token<tok> INTEGERconstant CHARACTERconstant STRINGliteral
	97	// Floating point constant is broken into three kinds of tokens because of the ambiguity with tuple indexing and
	98	// overloading constants 0/1, e.g., x.1 is lexed as (x)(.1), where (.1) is a factional constant, but is semantically
	99	// converted into the tuple index (.)(1). e.g., 3.x
	100	%token<tok> REALDECIMALconstant REALFRACTIONconstant FLOATINGconstant
[b87a5ed]	101	%token<tok> ZERO ONE // CFA
[51b73452]	102
[c11e31c]	103	// multi-character operators
[b87a5ed]	104	%token ARROW // ->
	105	%token ICR DECR // ++ --
	106	%token LS RS // << >>
	107	%token LE GE EQ NE // <= >= == !=
	108	%token ANDAND OROR // && \|\|
	109	%token ELLIPSIS // ...
	110
	111	%token MULTassign DIVassign MODassign // *= /= %=/
	112	%token PLUSassign MINUSassign // += -=
	113	%token LSassign RSassign // <<= >>=
	114	%token ANDassign ERassign ORassign // &= ^= \|=
[51b73452]	115
[e7aed49]	116	%token ATassign // @=
[097e2b0]	117
[c11e31c]	118	// Types declaration
[51b73452]	119	%union
	120	{
[b87a5ed]	121	Token tok;
	122	ParseNode *pn;
	123	ExpressionNode *en;
	124	DeclarationNode *decl;
[68cd1ce]	125	DeclarationNode::Aggregate aggKey;
[b87a5ed]	126	DeclarationNode::TypeClass tclass;
	127	StatementNode *sn;
[d1625f8]	128	ConstantExpr *constant;
[2f22cc4]	129	ForCtl *fctl;
[7f5566b]	130	LabelNode *label;
[b87a5ed]	131	InitializerNode *in;
[d9e2280]	132	OperKinds op;
[ab57786]	133	std::string *str;
[7f5566b]	134	bool flag;
[51b73452]	135	}
	136
[097e2b0]	137	%type<tok> identifier no_01_identifier no_attr_identifier zero_one
[2871210]	138	%type<tok> identifier_or_type_name no_attr_identifier_or_type_name no_01_identifier_or_type_name
[ab57786]	139	%type<constant> string_literal
	140	%type<str> string_literal_list
[51b73452]	141
[c11e31c]	142	// expressions
[d1625f8]	143	%type<en> constant
[b87a5ed]	144	%type<en> tuple tuple_expression_list
[9706554]	145	%type<op> ptrref_operator unary_operator assignment_operator
[b87a5ed]	146	%type<en> primary_expression postfix_expression unary_expression
	147	%type<en> cast_expression multiplicative_expression additive_expression shift_expression
	148	%type<en> relational_expression equality_expression AND_expression exclusive_OR_expression
	149	%type<en> inclusive_OR_expression logical_AND_expression logical_OR_expression conditional_expression
	150	%type<en> constant_expression assignment_expression assignment_expression_opt
	151	%type<en> comma_expression comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	152	%type<en> argument_expression_list argument_expression assignment_opt
	153	%type<fctl> for_control_expression
[51b73452]	154	%type<en> subrange
[58dd019]	155	%type<constant> asm_name_opt
[7f5566b]	156	%type<en> asm_operands_opt asm_operands_list asm_operand
	157	%type<label> label_list
[d1625f8]	158	%type<en> asm_clobbers_list_opt
[7f5566b]	159	%type<flag> asm_volatile_opt
[51b73452]	160
[c11e31c]	161	// statements
[b87a5ed]	162	%type<sn> labeled_statement compound_statement expression_statement selection_statement
[097e2b0]	163	%type<sn> iteration_statement jump_statement exception_statement asm_statement
[b87a5ed]	164	%type<sn> fall_through_opt fall_through
	165	%type<sn> statement statement_list
	166	%type<sn> block_item_list block_item
[51b73452]	167	%type<sn> case_clause
[8688ce1]	168	%type<en> case_value
	169	%type<sn> case_value_list case_label case_label_list
[b87a5ed]	170	%type<sn> switch_clause_list_opt switch_clause_list choose_clause_list_opt choose_clause_list
[1d4580a]	171	%type<sn> handler_list handler_clause finally_clause
[51b73452]	172
[c11e31c]	173	// declarations
[51b73452]	174	%type<decl> abstract_array abstract_declarator abstract_function abstract_parameter_array
	175	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_declaration abstract_parameter_declarator abstract_parameter_function
	176	%type<decl> abstract_parameter_ptr abstract_ptr
	177
	178	%type<aggKey> aggregate_key
	179	%type<decl> aggregate_name
	180
	181	%type<decl> array_dimension array_parameter_1st_dimension array_parameter_dimension multi_array_dimension
	182
	183	%type<decl> assertion assertion_list_opt
	184
	185	%type<en> bit_subrange_size_opt bit_subrange_size
	186
	187	%type<decl> basic_declaration_specifier basic_type_name basic_type_specifier direct_type_name indirect_type_name
	188
[4040425]	189	%type<decl> trait_declaration trait_declaration_list trait_declaring_list trait_specifier
[51b73452]	190
	191	%type<decl> declaration declaration_list declaration_list_opt declaration_qualifier_list
	192	%type<decl> declaration_specifier declarator declaring_list
	193
	194	%type<decl> elaborated_type_name
	195
	196	%type<decl> enumerator_list enum_name
	197	%type<en> enumerator_value_opt
	198
	199	%type<decl> exception_declaration external_definition external_definition_list external_definition_list_opt
	200
	201	%type<decl> field_declaration field_declaration_list field_declarator field_declaring_list
[8780e30]	202	%type<en> field field_list field_name fraction_constants
[51b73452]	203
[4d51835]	204	%type<decl> external_function_definition function_definition function_array function_declarator function_no_ptr function_ptr
[51b73452]	205
	206	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_array identifier_parameter_declarator identifier_parameter_function
	207	%type<decl> identifier_parameter_ptr identifier_list
	208
	209	%type<decl> new_abstract_array new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple new_abstract_declarator_tuple
	210	%type<decl> new_abstract_function new_abstract_parameter_declaration new_abstract_parameter_list
	211	%type<decl> new_abstract_ptr new_abstract_tuple
	212
	213	%type<decl> new_array_parameter_1st_dimension
	214
[4040425]	215	%type<decl> new_trait_declaring_list new_declaration new_field_declaring_list
[51b73452]	216	%type<decl> new_function_declaration new_function_return new_function_specifier
	217
	218	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_array new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	219	%type<decl> new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	220
	221	%type<decl> new_parameter_declaration new_parameter_list new_parameter_type_list new_parameter_type_list_opt
	222
	223	%type<decl> new_typedef_declaration new_variable_declaration new_variable_specifier
	224
	225	%type<decl> old_declaration old_declaration_list old_declaration_list_opt old_function_array
	226	%type<decl> old_function_declarator old_function_no_ptr old_function_ptr
	227
	228	%type<decl> parameter_declaration parameter_list parameter_type_list
	229	%type<decl> parameter_type_list_opt
	230
[2871210]	231	%type<decl> paren_identifier paren_type
[51b73452]	232
[0da3e2c]	233	%type<decl> storage_class storage_class_list
[51b73452]	234
	235	%type<decl> sue_declaration_specifier sue_type_specifier
	236
	237	%type<tclass> type_class
	238	%type<decl> type_declarator type_declarator_name type_declaring_list
	239
[2871210]	240	%type<decl> typedef type_array typedef_declaration typedef_declaration_specifier typedef_expression
	241	%type<decl> type_function type_parameter_array type_parameter_function type_parameter_ptr
[c6b1105]	242	%type<decl> type_parameter_redeclarator type_ptr variable_type_redeclarator typedef_type_specifier
[2871210]	243	%type<decl> typegen_declaration_specifier typegen_type_specifier typegen_name
[51b73452]	244
	245	%type<decl> type_name type_name_no_function
	246	%type<decl> type_parameter type_parameter_list
	247
	248	%type<en> type_name_list
	249
	250	%type<decl> type_qualifier type_qualifier_name type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_opt type_specifier
	251
	252	%type<decl> variable_abstract_array variable_abstract_declarator variable_abstract_function
	253	%type<decl> variable_abstract_ptr variable_array variable_declarator variable_function variable_ptr
	254
[1db21619]	255	%type<decl> attribute_list_opt attribute_list attribute
	256
[c11e31c]	257	// initializers
[51b73452]	258	%type<in> initializer initializer_list initializer_opt
	259
[c11e31c]	260	// designators
[51b73452]	261	%type<en> designator designator_list designation
	262
	263
[b87a5ed]	264	// Handle single shift/reduce conflict for dangling else by shifting the ELSE token. For example, this string
	265	// is ambiguous:
	266	// .---------. matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[c11e31c]	267	// if ( C ) S1 else S2
[b87a5ed]	268	// `-----------------' matches IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement */
[51b73452]	269
[c11e31c]	270	%nonassoc THEN // rule precedence for IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement
	271	%nonassoc ELSE // token precedence for start of else clause in IF statement
[51b73452]	272
[b87a5ed]	273	%start translation_unit // parse-tree root
[51b73452]	274
	275	%%
[c11e31c]	276	//*********************** Namespace Management ******************************
	277
[de62360d]	278	// The grammar in the ANSI C standard is not strictly context-free, since it relies upon the distinct terminal symbols
	279	// "identifier" and "TYPEDEFname" that are lexically identical. While it is possible to write a purely context-free
	280	// grammar, such a grammar would obscure the relationship between syntactic and semantic constructs. Hence, this
	281	// grammar uses the ANSI style.
[c11e31c]	282	//
[de62360d]	283	// Cforall compounds this problem by introducing type names local to the scope of a declaration (for instance, those
[9059213]	284	// introduced through "forall" qualifiers), and by introducing "type generators" -- parameterized types. This latter
[de62360d]	285	// type name creates a third class of identifiers that must be distinguished by the scanner.
[c11e31c]	286	//
[de62360d]	287	// Since the scanner cannot distinguish among the different classes of identifiers without some context information, it
[9059213]	288	// accesses a data structure (TypedefTable) to allow classification of an identifier that it has just read. Semantic
	289	// actions during the parser update this data structure when the class of identifiers change.
[c11e31c]	290	//
[de62360d]	291	// Because the Cforall language is block-scoped, there is the possibility that an identifier can change its class in a
	292	// local scope; it must revert to its original class at the end of the block. Since type names can be local to a
	293	// particular declaration, each declaration is itself a scope. This requires distinguishing between type names that are
	294	// local to the current declaration scope and those that persist past the end of the declaration (i.e., names defined in
[9059213]	295	// "typedef" or "otype" declarations).
[c11e31c]	296	//
[de62360d]	297	// The non-terminals "push" and "pop" derive the empty string; their only use is to denote the opening and closing of
	298	// scopes. Every push must have a matching pop, although it is regrettable the matching pairs do not always occur
	299	// within the same rule. These non-terminals may appear in more contexts than strictly necessary from a semantic point
	300	// of view. Unfortunately, these extra rules are necessary to prevent parsing conflicts -- the parser may not have
	301	// enough context and look-ahead information to decide whether a new scope is necessary, so the effect of these extra
	302	// rules is to open a new scope unconditionally. As the grammar evolves, it may be neccesary to add or move around
	303	// "push" and "pop" nonterminals to resolve conflicts of this sort.
[51b73452]	304
	305	push:
[ab57786]	306	{ typedefTable.enterScope(); }
[4d51835]	307	;
[51b73452]	308
	309	pop:
[ab57786]	310	{ typedefTable.leaveScope(); }
[4d51835]	311	;
[51b73452]	312
[c11e31c]	313	//*********************** CONSTANTS ******************************
[51b73452]	314
	315	constant:
[de62360d]	316	// ENUMERATIONconstant is not included here; it is treated as a variable with type "enumeration constant".
[ab57786]	317	INTEGERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantInteger( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	318	\| REALDECIMALconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	319	\| REALFRACTIONconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
[ab57786]	320	\| FLOATINGconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantFloat( *$1 ) ); }
	321	\| CHARACTERconstant { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantChar( *$1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	322	;
[51b73452]	323
	324	identifier:
[4d51835]	325	IDENTIFIER
	326	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	327	\| zero_one // CFA
	328	;
[51b73452]	329
	330	no_01_identifier:
[4d51835]	331	IDENTIFIER
	332	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER // CFA
	333	;
[51b73452]	334
	335	no_attr_identifier:
[4d51835]	336	IDENTIFIER
[bd85400]	337	\| zero_one // CFA
[4d51835]	338	;
[51b73452]	339
[b87a5ed]	340	zero_one: // CFA
[4d51835]	341	ZERO
	342	\| ONE
	343	;
[51b73452]	344
[ab57786]	345	string_literal:
	346	string_literal_list { $$ = build_constantStr( *$1 ); }
	347	;
	348
[b87a5ed]	349	string_literal_list: // juxtaposed strings are concatenated
[ab57786]	350	STRINGliteral { $$ = $1; } // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	351	\| string_literal_list STRINGliteral
	352	{
[ab57786]	353	appendStr( $1, $2 ); // append 2nd juxtaposed string to 1st
[7bf7fb9]	354	delete $2; // allocated by lexer
[ab57786]	355	$$ = $1; // conversion from tok to str
[7bf7fb9]	356	}
[4d51835]	357	;
[51b73452]	358
[c11e31c]	359	//*********************** EXPRESSIONS ******************************
[51b73452]	360
	361	primary_expression:
[4d51835]	362	IDENTIFIER // typedef name cannot be used as a variable name
[d1625f8]	363	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	364	\| zero_one
[4cb935e]	365	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ) ); }
[1b29996]	366	\| tuple
[4d51835]	367	\| '(' comma_expression ')'
	368	{ $$ = $2; }
	369	\| '(' compound_statement ')' // GCC, lambda expression
[1b772749]	370	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_valexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	371	;
[51b73452]	372
	373	postfix_expression:
[4d51835]	374	primary_expression
	375	\| postfix_expression '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
[c6b1105]	376	// CFA, comma_expression disallowed in this context because it results in a common user error: subscripting a
[de62360d]	377	// matrix with x[i,j] instead of x[i][j]. While this change is not backwards compatible, there seems to be
	378	// little advantage to this feature and many disadvantages. It is possible to write x[(i,j)] in CFA, which is
	379	// equivalent to the old x[i,j].
[d1625f8]	380	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Index, $1, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	381	\| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'
[d1625f8]	382	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_func( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	383	\| postfix_expression '.' no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	384	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	385	\| postfix_expression '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	386	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	387	\| postfix_expression REALFRACTIONconstant // CFA, tuple index
[8780e30]	388	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	389	\| postfix_expression ARROW no_attr_identifier
[d1625f8]	390	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_varref( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	391	\| postfix_expression ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[3b58d91]	392	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	393	\| postfix_expression ICR
[d1625f8]	394	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::IncrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	395	\| postfix_expression DECR
[d1625f8]	396	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::DecrPost, $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	397	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' // C99
[d1625f8]	398	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_compoundLiteral( $2, new InitializerNode( $5, true ) ) ); }
[097e2b0]	399	\| postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' // CFA
	400	{
[9706554]	401	Token fn;
[9c23f31]	402	fn.str = new std::string( "?{}" ); // location undefined - use location of '{'?
[b6fe7e6]	403	$$ = new ExpressionNode( new ConstructorExpr( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $1 )->set_last( $3 ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	404	}
[4d51835]	405	;
[51b73452]	406
	407	argument_expression_list:
[4d51835]	408	argument_expression
	409	\| argument_expression_list ',' argument_expression
[1d4580a]	410	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	411	;
[51b73452]	412
	413	argument_expression:
[4d51835]	414	// empty
[58dd019]	415	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	416	\| assignment_expression
	417	;
[b87a5ed]	418
	419	field_list: // CFA, tuple field selector
[4d51835]	420	field
[1d4580a]	421	\| field_list ',' field { $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	422	;
[b87a5ed]	423
	424	field: // CFA, tuple field selector
[faddbd8]	425	field_name
[1b29996]	426	\| REALDECIMALconstant field
[8780e30]	427	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $2 ) ) ); }
[1b29996]	428	\| REALDECIMALconstant '[' push field_list pop ']'
[8780e30]	429	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_REALDECIMALconstant( *$1 ) ), build_tuple( $4 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	430	\| field_name '.' field
[bf32bb8]	431	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	432	\| field_name '.' '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	433	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	434	\| field_name ARROW field
[bf32bb8]	435	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, maybeMoveBuild<Expression>( $3 ) ) ); }
[faddbd8]	436	\| field_name ARROW '[' push field_list pop ']'
[bf32bb8]	437	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_pfieldSel( $1, build_tuple( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	438	;
[51b73452]	439
[faddbd8]	440	field_name:
[1b29996]	441	INTEGERconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	442	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantInteger( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	443	\| FLOATINGconstant fraction_constants
[8780e30]	444	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_field_name_FLOATINGconstant( *$1 ), $2 ) ); }
[1b29996]	445	\| no_attr_identifier fraction_constants
[4cb935e]	446	{
	447	if( ($1) == "0" \|\| ($1) == "1" ) {
	448	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_constantZeroOne( *$1 ), $2 ) );
	449	} else {
	450	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_field_name_fraction_constants( build_varref( $1 ), $2 ) );
	451	}
	452	}
[1b29996]	453	;
	454
	455	fraction_constants:
	456	// empty
[8780e30]	457	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[1b29996]	458	\| fraction_constants REALFRACTIONconstant
[8780e30]	459	{
	460	Expression * constant = build_field_name_REALFRACTIONconstant( *$2 );
	461	$$ = $1 != nullptr ? new ExpressionNode( build_fieldSel( $1, constant ) ) : new ExpressionNode( constant );
	462	}
[faddbd8]	463	;
	464
[51b73452]	465	unary_expression:
[4d51835]	466	postfix_expression
[c6b1105]	467	// first location where constant/string can have operator applied: sizeof 3/sizeof "abc" still requires
	468	// semantics checks, e.g., ++3, 3--, *3, &&3
[51b1202]	469	\| constant
	470	{ $$ = $1; }
[ab57786]	471	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	472	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	473	\| EXTENSION cast_expression // GCC
[e04ef3a]	474	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[c6b1105]	475	// '*' ('&') is separated from unary_operator because of shift/reduce conflict in:
	476	// { * X; } // dereference X
	477	// { * int X; } // CFA declaration of pointer to int
[51e076e]	478	\| ptrref_operator cast_expression // CFA
[9706554]	479	{
	480	switch ( $1 ) {
[d9e2280]	481	case OperKinds::AddressOf:
[d1625f8]	482	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_addressOf( $2 ) );
[9706554]	483	break;
[d9e2280]	484	case OperKinds::PointTo:
[d1625f8]	485	$$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) );
[9706554]	486	break;
	487	default:
	488	assert( false );
	489	}
	490	}
[4d51835]	491	\| unary_operator cast_expression
[d1625f8]	492	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_val( $1, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	493	\| ICR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	494	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Incr, $2 ) ); }
[dd51906]	495	\| DECR unary_expression
[d1625f8]	496	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_unary_ptr( OperKinds::Decr, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	497	\| SIZEOF unary_expression
[d1625f8]	498	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	499	\| SIZEOF '(' type_name_no_function ')'
[d1625f8]	500	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_sizeOftype( $3 ) ); }
	501	\| ALIGNOF unary_expression // GCC, variable alignment
	502	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOfexpr( $2 ) ); }
	503	\| ALIGNOF '(' type_name_no_function ')' // GCC, type alignment
	504	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_alignOftype( $3 ) ); }
[5721a6d]	505	\| OFFSETOF '(' type_name_no_function ',' no_attr_identifier ')'
[d1625f8]	506	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_offsetOf( $3, build_varref( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	507	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER
[d1625f8]	508	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	509	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' argument_expression ')'
[d1625f8]	510	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrexpr( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
	511	\| ATTR_IDENTIFIER '(' type_name ')'
	512	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_attrtype( build_varref( $1 ), $3 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	513	// \| ANDAND IDENTIFIER // GCC, address of label
[d1625f8]	514	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( new OperatorNode( OperKinds::LabelAddress ), new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	515	;
[51b73452]	516
[dd51906]	517	ptrref_operator:
[d9e2280]	518	'*' { $$ = OperKinds::PointTo; }
	519	\| '&' { $$ = OperKinds::AddressOf; }
[c6b1105]	520	// GCC, address of label must be handled by semantic check for ref,ref,label
[d9e2280]	521	// \| ANDAND { $$ = OperKinds::And; }
[dd51906]	522	;
	523
[51b73452]	524	unary_operator:
[d9e2280]	525	'+' { $$ = OperKinds::UnPlus; }
	526	\| '-' { $$ = OperKinds::UnMinus; }
	527	\| '!' { $$ = OperKinds::Neg; }
	528	\| '~' { $$ = OperKinds::BitNeg; }
[4d51835]	529	;
[51b73452]	530
	531	cast_expression:
[4d51835]	532	unary_expression
	533	\| '(' type_name_no_function ')' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	534	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	535	// \| '(' type_name_no_function ')' tuple
	536	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cast( $2, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	537	;
[51b73452]	538
	539	multiplicative_expression:
[4d51835]	540	cast_expression
	541	\| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	542	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mul, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	543	\| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	544	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Div, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	545	\| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression
[d1625f8]	546	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Mod, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	547	;
[51b73452]	548
	549	additive_expression:
[4d51835]	550	multiplicative_expression
	551	\| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	552	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Plus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	553	\| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
[d1625f8]	554	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Minus, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	555	;
[51b73452]	556
	557	shift_expression:
[4d51835]	558	additive_expression
	559	\| shift_expression LS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	560	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	561	\| shift_expression RS additive_expression
[d1625f8]	562	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::RShift, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	563	;
[51b73452]	564
	565	relational_expression:
[4d51835]	566	shift_expression
	567	\| relational_expression '<' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	568	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	569	\| relational_expression '>' shift_expression
[d1625f8]	570	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	571	\| relational_expression LE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	572	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::LEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	573	\| relational_expression GE shift_expression
[d1625f8]	574	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::GEThan, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	575	;
[51b73452]	576
	577	equality_expression:
[4d51835]	578	relational_expression
	579	\| equality_expression EQ relational_expression
[d1625f8]	580	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Eq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	581	\| equality_expression NE relational_expression
[d1625f8]	582	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Neq, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	583	;
[51b73452]	584
	585	AND_expression:
[4d51835]	586	equality_expression
	587	\| AND_expression '&' equality_expression
[d1625f8]	588	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitAnd, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	589	;
[51b73452]	590
	591	exclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	592	AND_expression
	593	\| exclusive_OR_expression '^' AND_expression
[d1625f8]	594	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::Xor, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	595	;
[51b73452]	596
	597	inclusive_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	598	exclusive_OR_expression
	599	\| inclusive_OR_expression '\|' exclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	600	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_val( OperKinds::BitOr, $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	601	;
[51b73452]	602
	603	logical_AND_expression:
[4d51835]	604	inclusive_OR_expression
	605	\| logical_AND_expression ANDAND inclusive_OR_expression
[d1625f8]	606	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	607	;
[51b73452]	608
	609	logical_OR_expression:
[4d51835]	610	logical_AND_expression
	611	\| logical_OR_expression OROR logical_AND_expression
[d1625f8]	612	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_and_or( $1, $3, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	613	;
[51b73452]	614
	615	conditional_expression:
[4d51835]	616	logical_OR_expression
	617	\| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' conditional_expression
[d1625f8]	618	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[d9e2280]	619	// FIX ME: this hack computes $1 twice
[4d51835]	620	\| logical_OR_expression '?' /* empty */ ':' conditional_expression // GCC, omitted first operand
[d1625f8]	621	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $1, $4 ) ); }
[1b29996]	622	// \| logical_OR_expression '?' comma_expression ':' tuple // CFA, tuple expression
	623	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_cond( $1, $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	624	;
[51b73452]	625
	626	constant_expression:
[4d51835]	627	conditional_expression
	628	;
[51b73452]	629
	630	assignment_expression:
[4d51835]	631	// CFA, assignment is separated from assignment_operator to ensure no assignment operations for tuples
	632	conditional_expression
	633	\| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	634	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( $2, $1, $3 ) ); }
[1b29996]	635	// \| tuple assignment_opt // CFA, tuple expression
	636	// { $$ = ( $2 == 0 ) ? $1 : new ExpressionNode( build_binary_ptr( OperKinds::Assign, $1, $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	637	;
[51b73452]	638
	639	assignment_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	640	// empty
[d1625f8]	641	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	642	\| assignment_expression
	643	;
[b87a5ed]	644
[9706554]	645	assignment_operator:
[d9e2280]	646	'=' { $$ = OperKinds::Assign; }
[a839867]	647	\| ATassign { $$ = OperKinds::AtAssn; }
[d9e2280]	648	\| MULTassign { $$ = OperKinds::MulAssn; }
	649	\| DIVassign { $$ = OperKinds::DivAssn; }
	650	\| MODassign { $$ = OperKinds::ModAssn; }
	651	\| PLUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::PlusAssn; }
	652	\| MINUSassign { $$ = OperKinds::MinusAssn; }
	653	\| LSassign { $$ = OperKinds::LSAssn; }
	654	\| RSassign { $$ = OperKinds::RSAssn; }
	655	\| ANDassign { $$ = OperKinds::AndAssn; }
	656	\| ERassign { $$ = OperKinds::ERAssn; }
	657	\| ORassign { $$ = OperKinds::OrAssn; }
[413ad05]	658	;
[9706554]	659
[b87a5ed]	660	tuple: // CFA, tuple
[de62360d]	661	// CFA, one assignment_expression is factored out of comma_expression to eliminate a shift/reduce conflict with
	662	// comma_expression in new_identifier_parameter_array and new_abstract_array
[1b29996]	663	// '[' ']'
	664	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple() ); }
	665	// '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	666	// { $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( $3 ) ); }
	667	'[' push ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	668	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)(new ExpressionNode( nullptr ) )->set_last( $4 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	669	\| '[' push assignment_expression ',' tuple_expression_list pop ']'
[1d4580a]	670	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_tuple( (ExpressionNode *)$3->set_last( $5 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	671	;
[51b73452]	672
	673	tuple_expression_list:
[4d51835]	674	assignment_expression_opt
	675	\| tuple_expression_list ',' assignment_expression_opt
[1d4580a]	676	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	677	;
[51b73452]	678
	679	comma_expression:
[4d51835]	680	assignment_expression
[9706554]	681	\| comma_expression ',' assignment_expression
[d1625f8]	682	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_comma( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	683	;
[51b73452]	684
	685	comma_expression_opt:
[4d51835]	686	// empty
[58dd019]	687	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	688	\| comma_expression
	689	;
[51b73452]	690
[c11e31c]	691	//************************* STATEMENTS *****************************
[51b73452]	692
	693	statement:
[4d51835]	694	labeled_statement
	695	\| compound_statement
	696	\| expression_statement { $$ = $1; }
	697	\| selection_statement
	698	\| iteration_statement
	699	\| jump_statement
	700	\| exception_statement
	701	\| asm_statement
[097e2b0]	702	\| '^' postfix_expression '{' argument_expression_list '}' ';' // CFA
	703	{
[d9e2280]	704	Token fn;
[2298f728]	705	fn.str = new string( "^?{}" ); // location undefined
[e82aa9df]	706	$$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( new ExpressionNode( build_func( new ExpressionNode( build_varref( fn ) ), (ExpressionNode *)( $2 )->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) );
[097e2b0]	707	}
[4d51835]	708	;
[51b73452]	709
	710	labeled_statement:
[c6b1105]	711	// labels cannot be identifiers 0 or 1
	712	IDENTIFIER ':' attribute_list_opt statement
[1db21619]	713	{
	714	$$ = $4->add_label( $1 );
	715	}
[4d51835]	716	;
[51b73452]	717
	718	compound_statement:
[4d51835]	719	'{' '}'
[e82aa9df]	720	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	721	\| '{'
[de62360d]	722	// Two scopes are necessary because the block itself has a scope, but every declaration within the block also
[3a2128f]	723	// requires its own scope.
[4d51835]	724	push push
[51b1202]	725	local_label_declaration_opt // GCC, local labels
[4d51835]	726	block_item_list pop '}' // C99, intermix declarations and statements
[e82aa9df]	727	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_compound( $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	728	;
[b87a5ed]	729
	730	block_item_list: // C99
[4d51835]	731	block_item
	732	\| block_item_list push block_item
[1d4580a]	733	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $3 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	734	;
[51b73452]	735
	736	block_item:
[4d51835]	737	declaration // CFA, new & old style declarations
[e82aa9df]	738	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	739	\| EXTENSION declaration // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	740	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	741	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	742	iter->set_extension( true );
[e82aa9df]	743	$$ = new StatementNode( $2 );
[8e9cbb2]	744	}
[4d51835]	745	\| function_definition
[e82aa9df]	746	{ $$ = new StatementNode( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	747	\| statement pop
	748	;
[51b73452]	749
	750	statement_list:
[4d51835]	751	statement
	752	\| statement_list statement
[1d4580a]	753	{ if ( $1 != 0 ) { $1->set_last( $2 ); $$ = $1; } }
[4d51835]	754	;
[51b73452]	755
	756	expression_statement:
[4d51835]	757	comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	758	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_expr( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	759	;
[51b73452]	760
	761	selection_statement:
[4d51835]	762	IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement %prec THEN
	763	// explicitly deal with the shift/reduce conflict on if/else
[e82aa9df]	764	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, nullptr ) ); }
[4d51835]	765	\| IF '(' comma_expression ')' statement ELSE statement
[e82aa9df]	766	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_if( $3, $5, $7 ) ); }
[4d51835]	767	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	768	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	769	\| SWITCH '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt switch_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	770	{
[e82aa9df]	771	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[4e06c1e]	772	// The semantics of the declaration list is changed to include associated initialization, which is performed
	773	// before the transfer to the appropriate case clause by hoisting the declarations into a compound
	774	// statement around the switch. Statements after the initial declaration list can never be executed, and
[8688ce1]	775	// therefore, are removed from the grammar even though C allows it. The change also applies to choose
	776	// statement.
[a7741435]	777	$$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	778	}
[4d51835]	779	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' case_clause // CFA
[e82aa9df]	780	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	781	\| CHOOSE '(' comma_expression ')' '{' push declaration_list_opt choose_clause_list_opt '}' // CFA
[4e06c1e]	782	{
[e82aa9df]	783	StatementNode *sw = new StatementNode( build_switch( $3, $8 ) );
[a7741435]	784	$$ = $7 ? new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)((new StatementNode( $7 ))->set_last( sw )) ) ) : sw;
[4e06c1e]	785	}
[4d51835]	786	;
[b87a5ed]	787
[de62360d]	788	// CASE and DEFAULT clauses are only allowed in the SWITCH statement, precluding Duff's device. In addition, a case
	789	// clause allows a list of values and subranges.
[b87a5ed]	790
	791	case_value: // CFA
[4d51835]	792	constant_expression { $$ = $1; }
	793	\| constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression // GCC, subrange
[d1625f8]	794	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	795	\| subrange // CFA, subrange
	796	;
[b87a5ed]	797
	798	case_value_list: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	799	case_value { $$ = new StatementNode( build_case( $1 ) ); }
[064e3ff]	800	// convert case list, e.g., "case 1, 3, 5:" into "case 1: case 3: case 5"
[e82aa9df]	801	\| case_value_list ',' case_value { $$ = (StatementNode *)($1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_case( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	802	;
[b87a5ed]	803
	804	case_label: // CFA
[8688ce1]	805	CASE case_value_list ':' { $$ = $2; }
[e82aa9df]	806	\| DEFAULT ':' { $$ = new StatementNode( build_default() ); }
[4d51835]	807	// A semantic check is required to ensure only one default clause per switch/choose statement.
	808	;
[b87a5ed]	809
	810	case_label_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	811	case_label
[1d4580a]	812	\| case_label_list case_label { $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 )); }
[4d51835]	813	;
[b87a5ed]	814
	815	case_clause: // CFA
[e82aa9df]	816	case_label_list statement { $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	817	;
[b87a5ed]	818
	819	switch_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	820	// empty
[58dd019]	821	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	822	\| switch_clause_list
	823	;
[b87a5ed]	824
	825	switch_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	826	case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	827	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $2 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	828	\| switch_clause_list case_label_list statement_list
[e82aa9df]	829	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( $3 ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	830	;
[b87a5ed]	831
	832	choose_clause_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	833	// empty
[58dd019]	834	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	835	\| choose_clause_list
	836	;
[b87a5ed]	837
	838	choose_clause_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	839	case_label_list fall_through
[de62360d]	840	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	841	\| case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	842	{ $$ = $1->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode *)$2->set_last( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	843	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list fall_through
[1d4580a]	844	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( $3 ))); }
[4d51835]	845	\| choose_clause_list case_label_list statement_list fall_through_opt
[e82aa9df]	846	{ $$ = (StatementNode )( $1->set_last( $2->append_last_case( new StatementNode( build_compound( (StatementNode )$3->set_last( $4 ) ) ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	847	;
[b87a5ed]	848
	849	fall_through_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	850	// empty
[ab57786]	851	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); } // insert implicit break
[4d51835]	852	\| fall_through
	853	;
[b87a5ed]	854
	855	fall_through: // CFA
[4e06c1e]	856	FALLTHRU
[58dd019]	857	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4e06c1e]	858	\| FALLTHRU ';'
[58dd019]	859	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	860	;
[51b73452]	861
	862	iteration_statement:
[4d51835]	863	WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	864	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	865	\| DO statement WHILE '(' comma_expression ')' ';'
[5b639ee]	866	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_while( $5, $2, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	867	\| FOR '(' push for_control_expression ')' statement
[e82aa9df]	868	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_for( $4, $6 ) ); }
[4d51835]	869	;
[51b73452]	870
	871	for_control_expression:
[4d51835]	872	comma_expression_opt pop ';' comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt
[2f22cc4]	873	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $4, $6 ); }
[4d51835]	874	\| declaration comma_expression_opt ';' comma_expression_opt // C99
[2f22cc4]	875	{ $$ = new ForCtl( $1, $2, $4 ); }
[d1625f8]	876	;
[51b73452]	877
	878	jump_statement:
[c6b1105]	879	GOTO IDENTIFIER ';'
[ab57786]	880	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Goto ) ); }
[4d51835]	881	\| GOTO '*' comma_expression ';' // GCC, computed goto
[4e06c1e]	882	// The syntax for the GCC computed goto violates normal expression precedence, e.g., goto i+3; => goto (i+3);
[de62360d]	883	// whereas normal operator precedence yields goto (*i)+3;
[e82aa9df]	884	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_computedgoto( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	885	\| CONTINUE ';'
[de62360d]	886	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	887	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	888	\| CONTINUE IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level continue
[de62360d]	889	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	890	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	891	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Continue ) ); }
[4d51835]	892	\| BREAK ';'
[de62360d]	893	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	894	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4e06c1e]	895	\| BREAK IDENTIFIER ';' // CFA, multi-level exit
[de62360d]	896	// A semantic check is required to ensure this statement appears only in the body of an iteration statement, and
	897	// the target of the transfer appears only at the start of an iteration statement.
[ab57786]	898	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_branch( $2, BranchStmt::Break ) ); }
[4d51835]	899	\| RETURN comma_expression_opt ';'
[e82aa9df]	900	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_return( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	901	\| THROW assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles rethrow
[e82aa9df]	902	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	903	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	904	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[8cc5cb0]	905	\| THROWRESUME assignment_expression_opt AT assignment_expression ';' // handles reresume
[e82aa9df]	906	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_throw( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	907	;
[51b73452]	908
	909	exception_statement:
[4d51835]	910	TRY compound_statement handler_list
[e82aa9df]	911	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, 0 ) ); }
[4d51835]	912	\| TRY compound_statement finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	913	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, 0, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	914	\| TRY compound_statement handler_list finally_clause
[e82aa9df]	915	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_try( $2, $3, $4 ) ); }
[4d51835]	916	;
[51b73452]	917
	918	handler_list:
[4d51835]	919	handler_clause
[de62360d]	920	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 15.3(6 ) If present, a "..." handler shall be the last handler for its try block.
[4d51835]	921	\| CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	922	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[4d51835]	923	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	924	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	925	\| CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	926	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $5, true ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	927	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' ELLIPSIS ')' compound_statement
[e82aa9df]	928	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( 0, $6, true ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	929	;
[51b73452]	930
	931	handler_clause:
[4d51835]	932	CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	933	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[4d51835]	934	\| handler_clause CATCH '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[1b772749]	935	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	936	\| CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	937	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_catch( $5, $8 ) ); }
[02e5ab6]	938	\| handler_clause CATCHRESUME '(' push push exception_declaration pop ')' compound_statement pop
[e82aa9df]	939	{ $$ = (StatementNode *)$1->set_last( new StatementNode( build_catch( $6, $9 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	940	;
[51b73452]	941
	942	finally_clause:
[4d51835]	943	FINALLY compound_statement
	944	{
[e82aa9df]	945	$$ = new StatementNode( build_finally( $2 ) );
[4d51835]	946	}
	947	;
[51b73452]	948
	949	exception_declaration:
[4d51835]	950	// A semantic check is required to ensure type_specifier does not create a new type, e.g.:
	951	//
	952	// catch ( struct { int i; } x ) ...
	953	//
	954	// This new type cannot catch any thrown type because of name equivalence among types.
	955	type_specifier
	956	\| type_specifier declarator
	957	{
	958	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	959	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	960	}
	961	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	962	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	963	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier // CFA
	964	{
	965	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	966	$$ = $1->addName( $2 );
	967	}
	968	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	969	;
[51b73452]	970
	971	asm_statement:
[ab57786]	972	ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	973	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, 0 ) ); }
[ab57786]	974	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';' // remaining GCC
[e82aa9df]	975	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[ab57786]	976	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	977	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8 ) ); }
[ab57786]	978	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt '(' string_literal ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	979	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $4, $6, $8, $10 ) ); }
[ab57786]	980	\| ASM asm_volatile_opt GOTO '(' string_literal ':' ':' asm_operands_opt ':' asm_clobbers_list_opt ':' label_list ')' ';'
[e82aa9df]	981	{ $$ = new StatementNode( build_asmstmt( $2, $5, 0, $8, $10, $12 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	982	;
	983
	984	asm_volatile_opt: // GCC
	985	// empty
	986	{ $$ = false; }
	987	\| VOLATILE
	988	{ $$ = true; }
[4d51835]	989	;
[b87a5ed]	990
	991	asm_operands_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	992	// empty
[58dd019]	993	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[4d51835]	994	\| asm_operands_list
	995	;
[b87a5ed]	996
	997	asm_operands_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	998	asm_operand
	999	\| asm_operands_list ',' asm_operand
[1d4580a]	1000	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	1001	;
[b87a5ed]	1002
	1003	asm_operand: // GCC
[ab57786]	1004	string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[e82aa9df]	1005	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( 0, $1, $3 ) ); }
[ab57786]	1006	\| '[' constant_expression ']' string_literal '(' constant_expression ')'
[1b772749]	1007	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_asmexpr( $2, $4, $6 ) ); }
[7f5566b]	1008	;
	1009
[4e06c1e]	1010	asm_clobbers_list_opt: // GCC
[7f5566b]	1011	// empty
[58dd019]	1012	{ $$ = nullptr; } // use default argument
[ab57786]	1013	\| string_literal
[d1625f8]	1014	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1 ); }
[ab57786]	1015	\| asm_clobbers_list_opt ',' string_literal
[a7741435]	1016	// set_last return ParseNode *
[e82aa9df]	1017	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)$1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1018	;
[b87a5ed]	1019
[7f5566b]	1020	label_list:
	1021	no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1022	{
	1023	$$ = new LabelNode(); $$->labels.push_back( *$1 );
	1024	delete $1; // allocated by lexer
	1025	}
[7f5566b]	1026	\| label_list ',' no_attr_identifier
[ab57786]	1027	{
	1028	$$ = $1; $1->labels.push_back( *$3 );
	1029	delete $3; // allocated by lexer
	1030	}
[4d51835]	1031	;
[51b73452]	1032
[c11e31c]	1033	//***************************** DECLARATIONS *******************************
[51b73452]	1034
[b87a5ed]	1035	declaration_list_opt: // used at beginning of switch statement
[4d51835]	1036	pop
[58dd019]	1037	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1038	\| declaration_list
	1039	;
[51b73452]	1040
	1041	declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1042	declaration
	1043	\| declaration_list push declaration
	1044	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1045	;
[51b73452]	1046
[b87a5ed]	1047	old_declaration_list_opt: // used to declare parameter types in K&R style functions
[4d51835]	1048	pop
[58dd019]	1049	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1050	\| old_declaration_list
	1051	;
[51b73452]	1052
	1053	old_declaration_list:
[4d51835]	1054	old_declaration
	1055	\| old_declaration_list push old_declaration
	1056	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1057	;
[b87a5ed]	1058
[51b1202]	1059	local_label_declaration_opt: // GCC, local label
[4d51835]	1060	// empty
[51b1202]	1061	\| local_label_declaration_list
[4d51835]	1062	;
[b87a5ed]	1063
[51b1202]	1064	local_label_declaration_list: // GCC, local label
	1065	LABEL local_label_list ';'
	1066	\| local_label_declaration_list LABEL local_label_list ';'
[4d51835]	1067	;
[b87a5ed]	1068
[51b1202]	1069	local_label_list: // GCC, local label
[7f5566b]	1070	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[51b1202]	1071	\| local_label_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name {}
[4d51835]	1072	;
[b87a5ed]	1073
	1074	declaration: // CFA, new & old style declarations
[4d51835]	1075	new_declaration
	1076	\| old_declaration
	1077	;
[b87a5ed]	1078
[de62360d]	1079	// C declaration syntax is notoriously confusing and error prone. Cforall provides its own type, variable and function
	1080	// declarations. CFA declarations use the same declaration tokens as in C; however, CFA places declaration modifiers to
	1081	// the left of the base type, while C declarations place modifiers to the right of the base type. CFA declaration
	1082	// modifiers are interpreted from left to right and the entire type specification is distributed across all variables in
	1083	// the declaration list (as in Pascal). ANSI C and the new CFA declarations may appear together in the same program
	1084	// block, but cannot be mixed within a specific declaration.
[c11e31c]	1085	//
[b87a5ed]	1086	// CFA C
	1087	// [10] int x; int x[10]; // array of 10 integers
	1088	// [10] * char y; char *y[10]; // array of 10 pointers to char
	1089
	1090	new_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1091	new_variable_declaration pop ';'
	1092	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1093	\| new_function_declaration pop ';'
	1094	\| type_declaring_list pop ';'
[4040425]	1095	\| trait_specifier pop ';'
[4d51835]	1096	;
[b87a5ed]	1097
	1098	new_variable_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1099	new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
	1100	{
	1101	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1102	$$ = $1->addInitializer( $2 );
[4d51835]	1103	}
	1104	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_variable_specifier initializer_opt
[de62360d]	1105	// declaration_qualifier_list also includes type_qualifier_list, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude
	1106	// them as a type_qualifier cannot appear in that context.
[4d51835]	1107	{
	1108	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1109	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 );;
[4d51835]	1110	}
[2871210]	1111	\| new_variable_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name initializer_opt
[4d51835]	1112	{
	1113	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[3cfe27f]	1114	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) );
[4d51835]	1115	}
	1116	;
[b87a5ed]	1117
	1118	new_variable_specifier: // CFA
[de62360d]	1119	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1120	// storage-class
[2871210]	1121	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1122	{
	1123	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
[58dd019]	1124	$$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
[4d51835]	1125	}
[2871210]	1126	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1127	{
	1128	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$2 );
[58dd019]	1129	$$ = $1->addName( $2 )->addAsmName( $3 );
[4d51835]	1130	}
[2871210]	1131	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name asm_name_opt
[4d51835]	1132	{
	1133	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$3 );
[58dd019]	1134	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addName( $3 )->addAsmName( $4 );
[4d51835]	1135	}
	1136	;
[b87a5ed]	1137
	1138	new_function_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1139	new_function_specifier
	1140	{
	1141	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1142	$$ = $1;
	1143	}
	1144	\| type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1145	{
	1146	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1147	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1148	}
	1149	\| declaration_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1150	{
	1151	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1152	$$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 );
	1153	}
	1154	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list new_function_specifier
	1155	{
	1156	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	1157	$$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $2 );
	1158	}
[2871210]	1159	\| new_function_declaration pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1160	{
	1161	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
	1162	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1163	}
	1164	;
[b87a5ed]	1165
	1166	new_function_specifier: // CFA
[1b29996]	1167	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // S/R conflict
	1168	// {
	1169	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $3, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $6, 0, true );
	1170	// }
[2871210]	1171	// '[' ']' identifier '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1172	// {
	1173	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1174	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1175	// }
	1176	// \| '[' ']' TYPEDEFname '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	1177	// {
	1178	// typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$5 );
	1179	// $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $5, DeclarationNode::newTuple( 0 ), $8, 0, true );
	1180	// }
	1181	// \| '[' ']' typegen_name
	1182	// identifier_or_type_name must be broken apart because of the sequence:
[4d51835]	1183	//
[2871210]	1184	// '[' ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[4d51835]	1185	// '[' ']' type_specifier
	1186	//
[2871210]	1187	// type_specifier can resolve to just TYPEDEFname (e.g., typedef int T; int f( T );). Therefore this must be
	1188	// flattened to allow lookahead to the '(' without having to reduce identifier_or_type_name.
[1b29996]	1189	new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[de62360d]	1190	// To obtain LR(1 ), this rule must be factored out from function return type (see new_abstract_declarator).
[4d51835]	1191	{
	1192	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1193	}
[2871210]	1194	\| new_function_return identifier_or_type_name '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[4d51835]	1195	{
	1196	$$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( $2, $1, $5, 0, true );
	1197	}
	1198	;
[b87a5ed]	1199
	1200	new_function_return: // CFA
[4d51835]	1201	'[' push new_parameter_list pop ']'
	1202	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	1203	\| '[' push new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
[de62360d]	1204	// To obtain LR(1 ), the last new_abstract_parameter_list is added into this flattened rule to lookahead to the
	1205	// ']'.
[4d51835]	1206	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3->appendList( $7 ) ); }
	1207	;
[b87a5ed]	1208
	1209	new_typedef_declaration: // CFA
[4d51835]	1210	TYPEDEF new_variable_specifier
	1211	{
[de62360d]	1212	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1213	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1214	}
	1215	\| TYPEDEF new_function_specifier
	1216	{
[de62360d]	1217	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1218	$$ = $2->addTypedef();
	1219	}
	1220	\| new_typedef_declaration pop ',' push no_attr_identifier
	1221	{
[de62360d]	1222	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1223	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	1224	}
	1225	;
[b87a5ed]	1226
[de62360d]	1227	// Traditionally typedef is part of storage-class specifier for syntactic convenience only. Here, it is factored out as
	1228	// a separate form of declaration, which syntactically precludes storage-class specifiers and initialization.
[51b73452]	1229
	1230	typedef_declaration:
[4d51835]	1231	TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator
	1232	{
[de62360d]	1233	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1234	$$ = $3->addType( $2 )->addTypedef();
	1235	}
	1236	\| typedef_declaration pop ',' push declarator
	1237	{
[de62360d]	1238	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1239	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 )->addTypedef() );
	1240	}
[de62360d]	1241	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEF type_specifier declarator // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1242	{
[de62360d]	1243	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1244	$$ = $4->addType( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1245	}
	1246	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF declarator
	1247	{
[de62360d]	1248	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1249	$$ = $3->addType( $1 )->addTypedef();
	1250	}
	1251	\| type_specifier TYPEDEF type_qualifier_list declarator
	1252	{
[de62360d]	1253	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::TD );
	1254	$$ = $4->addQualifiers( $1 )->addTypedef()->addType( $1 );
[4d51835]	1255	}
	1256	;
[b87a5ed]	1257
[721f17a]	1258	typedef_expression:
	1259	// GCC, naming expression type: typedef name = exp; gives a name to the type of an expression
[4d51835]	1260	TYPEDEF no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1261	{
[de62360d]	1262	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1263	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1264	}
	1265	\| typedef_expression pop ',' push no_attr_identifier '=' assignment_expression
	1266	{
[de62360d]	1267	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$5, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1268	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); // XXX
	1269	}
	1270	;
[51b73452]	1271
	1272	old_declaration:
[4d51835]	1273	declaring_list pop ';'
	1274	\| typedef_declaration pop ';'
	1275	\| typedef_expression pop ';' // GCC, naming expression type
	1276	\| sue_declaration_specifier pop ';'
	1277	;
[51b73452]	1278
	1279	declaring_list:
[de62360d]	1280	// A semantic check is required to ensure asm_name only appears on declarations with implicit or explicit static
	1281	// storage-class
[4d51835]	1282	declaration_specifier declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1283	{
	1284	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[58dd019]	1285	$$ = ( $2->addType( $1 ))->addAsmName( $3 )->addInitializer( $4 );
[4d51835]	1286	}
	1287	\| declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt declarator asm_name_opt initializer_opt
	1288	{
	1289	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[58dd019]	1290	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4->addAsmName( $5 )->addInitializer( $6 ) ) );
[4d51835]	1291	}
	1292	;
[b87a5ed]	1293
	1294	declaration_specifier: // type specifier + storage class
[4d51835]	1295	basic_declaration_specifier
	1296	\| sue_declaration_specifier
	1297	\| typedef_declaration_specifier
	1298	\| typegen_declaration_specifier
	1299	;
[b87a5ed]	1300
	1301	type_specifier: // declaration specifier - storage class
[4d51835]	1302	basic_type_specifier
	1303	\| sue_type_specifier
	1304	\| typedef_type_specifier
	1305	\| typegen_type_specifier
	1306	;
[b87a5ed]	1307
	1308	type_qualifier_list_opt: // GCC, used in asm_statement
[4d51835]	1309	// empty
[58dd019]	1310	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1311	\| type_qualifier_list
	1312	;
[51b73452]	1313
	1314	type_qualifier_list:
[de62360d]	1315	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a type qualifier is appropriate for the kind of declaration.
[4d51835]	1316	//
[de62360d]	1317	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.3(4 ) : If the same qualifier appears more than once in the same
	1318	// specifier-qualifier-list, either directly or via one or more typedefs, the behavior is the same as if it
	1319	// appeared only once.
[4d51835]	1320	type_qualifier
	1321	\| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier
	1322	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1323	;
[51b73452]	1324
	1325	type_qualifier:
[4d51835]	1326	type_qualifier_name
	1327	\| attribute
[c1c1112]	1328	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[4d51835]	1329	;
[51b73452]	1330
	1331	type_qualifier_name:
[4d51835]	1332	CONST
	1333	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Const ); }
	1334	\| RESTRICT
	1335	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Restrict ); }
	1336	\| VOLATILE
	1337	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Volatile ); }
	1338	\| LVALUE // CFA
	1339	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Lvalue ); }
	1340	\| ATOMIC
	1341	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Atomic ); }
	1342	\| FORALL '('
	1343	{
	1344	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1345	}
	1346	type_parameter_list ')' // CFA
	1347	{
	1348	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	1349	$$ = DeclarationNode::newForall( $4 );
	1350	}
	1351	;
[51b73452]	1352
	1353	declaration_qualifier_list:
[4d51835]	1354	storage_class_list
[de62360d]	1355	\| type_qualifier_list storage_class_list // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2 )
[4d51835]	1356	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1357	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list storage_class_list
	1358	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1359	;
[51b73452]	1360
	1361	storage_class_list:
[de62360d]	1362	// A semantic check is necessary to ensure a storage class is appropriate for the kind of declaration and that
	1363	// only one of each is specified, except for inline, which can appear with the others.
[4d51835]	1364	//
[de62360d]	1365	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.1(2) : At most, one storage-class specifier may be given in the declaration
	1366	// specifiers in a declaration.
[4d51835]	1367	storage_class
	1368	\| storage_class_list storage_class
	1369	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1370	;
[51b73452]	1371
	1372	storage_class:
[4d51835]	1373	EXTERN
	1374	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Extern ); }
	1375	\| STATIC
	1376	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Static ); }
	1377	\| AUTO
	1378	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Auto ); }
	1379	\| REGISTER
	1380	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Register ); }
	1381	\| INLINE // C99
[c1c1112]	1382	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Inline ); }
	1383	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isInline = true; }
[4d51835]	1384	\| FORTRAN // C99
	1385	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Fortran ); }
[68cd1ce]	1386	\| NORETURN // C11
[c1c1112]	1387	//{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Noreturn ); }
	1388	{ $$ = new DeclarationNode; $$->isNoreturn = true; }
[68cd1ce]	1389	\| THREADLOCAL // C11
	1390	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newStorageClass( DeclarationNode::Threadlocal ); }
[4d51835]	1391	;
[51b73452]	1392
	1393	basic_type_name:
[4d51835]	1394	CHAR
	1395	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Char ); }
	1396	\| DOUBLE
	1397	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Double ); }
	1398	\| FLOAT
	1399	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Float ); }
	1400	\| INT
	1401	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Int ); }
	1402	\| LONG
[5b639ee]	1403	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Long ); }
[4d51835]	1404	\| SHORT
[5b639ee]	1405	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newLength( DeclarationNode::Short ); }
[4d51835]	1406	\| SIGNED
[5b639ee]	1407	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Signed ); }
[4d51835]	1408	\| UNSIGNED
[5b639ee]	1409	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newSignedNess( DeclarationNode::Unsigned ); }
[4d51835]	1410	\| VOID
	1411	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Void ); }
	1412	\| BOOL // C99
	1413	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBasicType( DeclarationNode::Bool ); }
	1414	\| COMPLEX // C99
[5b639ee]	1415	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Complex ); }
[4d51835]	1416	\| IMAGINARY // C99
[5b639ee]	1417	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newComplexType( DeclarationNode::Imaginary ); }
[90c3b1c]	1418	\| VALIST // GCC, __builtin_va_list
	1419	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Valist ); }
[3a2128f]	1420	\| ZERO_T
[148f7290]	1421	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::Zero ); }
[3a2128f]	1422	\| ONE_T
[148f7290]	1423	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBuiltinType( DeclarationNode::One ); }
[4d51835]	1424	;
[51b73452]	1425
	1426	basic_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1427	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting storage classes.
	1428	basic_type_specifier
	1429	\| declaration_qualifier_list basic_type_specifier
	1430	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1431	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1432	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1433	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1434	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1435	\| basic_declaration_specifier storage_class basic_type_specifier
	1436	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $2 )->addType( $1 ); }
	1437	;
[51b73452]	1438
	1439	basic_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1440	direct_type_name
	1441	\| type_qualifier_list_opt indirect_type_name type_qualifier_list_opt
	1442	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1443	;
[51b73452]	1444
	1445	direct_type_name:
[4d51835]	1446	// A semantic check is necessary for conflicting type qualifiers.
	1447	basic_type_name
	1448	\| type_qualifier_list basic_type_name
	1449	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1450	\| direct_type_name type_qualifier
	1451	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1452	\| direct_type_name basic_type_name
	1453	{ $$ = $1->addType( $2 ); }
	1454	;
[51b73452]	1455
	1456	indirect_type_name:
[4d51835]	1457	TYPEOF '(' type_name ')' // GCC: typeof(x) y;
	1458	{ $$ = $3; }
	1459	\| TYPEOF '(' comma_expression ')' // GCC: typeof(a+b) y;
	1460	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeof( $3 ); }
	1461	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' type_name ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(x) y;
	1462	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1463	\| ATTR_TYPEGENname '(' comma_expression ')' // CFA: e.g., @type(a+b) y;
	1464	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAttr( $1, $3 ); }
	1465	;
[51b73452]	1466
	1467	sue_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1468	sue_type_specifier
	1469	\| declaration_qualifier_list sue_type_specifier
	1470	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1471	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1472	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1473	\| sue_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1474	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1475	;
[51b73452]	1476
	1477	sue_type_specifier:
[4d51835]	1478	elaborated_type_name // struct, union, enum
	1479	\| type_qualifier_list elaborated_type_name
	1480	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1481	\| sue_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1482	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1483	;
[51b73452]	1484
	1485	typedef_declaration_specifier:
[4d51835]	1486	typedef_type_specifier
	1487	\| declaration_qualifier_list typedef_type_specifier
	1488	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1489	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1490	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1491	\| typedef_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1492	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1493	;
[b87a5ed]	1494
	1495	typedef_type_specifier: // typedef types
[4d51835]	1496	TYPEDEFname
	1497	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $1 ); }
	1498	\| type_qualifier_list TYPEDEFname
	1499	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypedef( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1500	\| typedef_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1501	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1502	;
[51b73452]	1503
	1504	elaborated_type_name:
[4d51835]	1505	aggregate_name
	1506	\| enum_name
	1507	;
[51b73452]	1508
	1509	aggregate_name:
[4d51835]	1510	aggregate_key '{' field_declaration_list '}'
[2298f728]	1511	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, nullptr, $3, true ); }
[2871210]	1512	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1513	{
	1514	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
[2298f728]	1515	$$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, nullptr, false );
[45161b4d]	1516	}
	1517	\| aggregate_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1518	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1519	'{' field_declaration_list '}'
[1b772749]	1520	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, $2, nullptr, $5, true ); }
[721f17a]	1521	\| aggregate_key '(' type_name_list ')' '{' field_declaration_list '}' // CFA
[2298f728]	1522	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newAggregate( $1, nullptr, $3, $6, false ); }
[2871210]	1523	\| aggregate_key typegen_name // CFA, S/R conflict
	1524	{ $$ = $2; }
[4d51835]	1525	;
[51b73452]	1526
	1527	aggregate_key:
[4d51835]	1528	STRUCT attribute_list_opt
	1529	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Struct; }
	1530	\| UNION attribute_list_opt
	1531	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Union; }
	1532	;
[51b73452]	1533
	1534	field_declaration_list:
[5d125e4]	1535	// empty
[58dd019]	1536	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1537	\| field_declaration_list field_declaration
[a7741435]	1538	{ $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1539	;
[51b73452]	1540
	1541	field_declaration:
[4d51835]	1542	new_field_declaring_list ';' // CFA, new style field declaration
	1543	\| EXTENSION new_field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[ca35c51]	1544	{ $$ = $2->set_extension( true ); }
[4d51835]	1545	\| field_declaring_list ';'
	1546	\| EXTENSION field_declaring_list ';' // GCC
[8e9cbb2]	1547	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	1548	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	1549	iter->set_extension( true );
	1550	$$ = $2;
	1551	}
[4d51835]	1552	;
[b87a5ed]	1553
	1554	new_field_declaring_list: // CFA, new style field declaration
[4d51835]	1555	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA, no field name
[2871210]	1556	\| new_abstract_declarator_tuple no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1557	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1558	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1559	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $3 ) ); }
	1560	\| new_field_declaring_list ',' // CFA, no field name
	1561	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( 0 ) ); }
	1562	;
[51b73452]	1563
	1564	field_declaring_list:
[4d51835]	1565	type_specifier field_declarator
	1566	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1567	\| field_declaring_list ',' attribute_list_opt field_declarator
	1568	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $4 ) ); }
	1569	;
[51b73452]	1570
	1571	field_declarator:
[4d51835]	1572	// empty
	1573	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( 0 ); /* XXX */ } // CFA, no field name
	1574	\| bit_subrange_size // no field name
	1575	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newBitfield( $1 ); }
	1576	\| variable_declarator bit_subrange_size_opt
	1577	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1578	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
[c6b1105]	1579	\| variable_type_redeclarator bit_subrange_size_opt
[4d51835]	1580	// A semantic check is required to ensure bit_subrange only appears on base type int.
	1581	{ $$ = $1->addBitfield( $2 ); }
	1582	\| variable_abstract_declarator // CFA, no field name
	1583	;
[51b73452]	1584
	1585	bit_subrange_size_opt:
[4d51835]	1586	// empty
[58dd019]	1587	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1588	\| bit_subrange_size
	1589	{ $$ = $1; }
	1590	;
[51b73452]	1591
	1592	bit_subrange_size:
[4d51835]	1593	':' constant_expression
	1594	{ $$ = $2; }
	1595	;
[51b73452]	1596
	1597	enum_key:
[4d51835]	1598	ENUM attribute_list_opt
	1599	;
[51b73452]	1600
	1601	enum_name:
[4d51835]	1602	enum_key '{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
[2298f728]	1603	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( nullptr, $3 ); }
[2871210]	1604	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[45161b4d]	1605	{
	1606	typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 );
	1607	$$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, 0 );
	1608	}
	1609	\| enum_key no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1610	{ typedefTable.makeTypedef( *$2 ); }
	1611	'{' enumerator_list comma_opt '}'
	1612	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnum( $2, $5 ); }
[4d51835]	1613	;
[51b73452]	1614
	1615	enumerator_list:
[2871210]	1616	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1617	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $1, $2 ); }
[2871210]	1618	\| enumerator_list ',' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name enumerator_value_opt
[4d51835]	1619	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newEnumConstant( $3, $4 ) ); }
	1620	;
[51b73452]	1621
	1622	enumerator_value_opt:
[4d51835]	1623	// empty
[58dd019]	1624	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1625	\| '=' constant_expression
	1626	{ $$ = $2; }
	1627	;
[51b73452]	1628
[c11e31c]	1629	// Minimum of one parameter after which ellipsis is allowed only at the end.
[51b73452]	1630
[b87a5ed]	1631	new_parameter_type_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1632	// empty
[58dd019]	1633	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1634	\| new_parameter_type_list
	1635	;
[b87a5ed]	1636
	1637	new_parameter_type_list: // CFA, abstract + real
[4d51835]	1638	new_abstract_parameter_list
	1639	\| new_parameter_list
	1640	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list
	1641	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1642	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1643	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1644	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1645	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1646	;
[b87a5ed]	1647
	1648	new_parameter_list: // CFA
[de62360d]	1649	// To obtain LR(1) between new_parameter_list and new_abstract_tuple, the last new_abstract_parameter_list is
	1650	// factored out from new_parameter_list, flattening the rules to get lookahead to the ']'.
[4d51835]	1651	new_parameter_declaration
	1652	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1653	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1654	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1655	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1656	\| new_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_parameter_declaration
	1657	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 )->appendList( $9 ); }
	1658	;
[b87a5ed]	1659
	1660	new_abstract_parameter_list: // CFA, new & old style abstract
[4d51835]	1661	new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1662	\| new_abstract_parameter_list pop ',' push new_abstract_parameter_declaration
	1663	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1664	;
[51b73452]	1665
	1666	parameter_type_list_opt:
[4d51835]	1667	// empty
[58dd019]	1668	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1669	\| parameter_type_list
	1670	;
[51b73452]	1671
	1672	parameter_type_list:
[4d51835]	1673	parameter_list
	1674	\| parameter_list pop ',' push ELLIPSIS
	1675	{ $$ = $1->addVarArgs(); }
	1676	;
[b87a5ed]	1677
	1678	parameter_list: // abstract + real
[4d51835]	1679	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1680	\| parameter_declaration
	1681	\| parameter_list pop ',' push abstract_parameter_declaration
	1682	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1683	\| parameter_list pop ',' push parameter_declaration
	1684	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $5 ); }
	1685	;
[51b73452]	1686
[de62360d]	1687	// Provides optional identifier names (abstract_declarator/variable_declarator), no initialization, different semantics
[2871210]	1688	// for typedef name by using type_parameter_redeclarator instead of typedef_redeclarator, and function prototypes.
[51b73452]	1689
[b87a5ed]	1690	new_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1691	parameter_declaration
[2871210]	1692	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1693	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1694	\| new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1695	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1696	{ $$ = $1->addName( $2 ); }
[2871210]	1697	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1698	{ $$ = $2->addName( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1699	\| new_function_specifier
	1700	;
[b87a5ed]	1701
	1702	new_abstract_parameter_declaration: // CFA, new & old style parameter declaration
[4d51835]	1703	abstract_parameter_declaration
	1704	\| new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	1705	\| new_abstract_tuple
	1706	// To obtain LR(1), these rules must be duplicated here (see new_abstract_declarator).
	1707	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	1708	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1709	\| new_abstract_function
	1710	;
[51b73452]	1711
	1712	parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1713	declaration_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator assignment_opt
	1714	{
	1715	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[a7741435]	1716	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
[4d51835]	1717	}
[2871210]	1718	\| declaration_specifier type_parameter_redeclarator assignment_opt
[4d51835]	1719	{
	1720	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
[a7741435]	1721	$$ = $2->addType( $1 )->addInitializer( $3 ? new InitializerNode( $3 ) : nullptr );
[4d51835]	1722	}
	1723	;
[51b73452]	1724
	1725	abstract_parameter_declaration:
[4d51835]	1726	declaration_specifier
	1727	\| declaration_specifier abstract_parameter_declarator
	1728	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1729	;
[51b73452]	1730
[c11e31c]	1731	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.9.1(6) : "An identifier declared as a typedef name shall not be redeclared as a
[de62360d]	1732	// parameter." Because the scope of the K&R-style parameter-list sees the typedef first, the following is based only on
	1733	// identifiers. The ANSI-style parameter-list can redefine a typedef name.
[51b73452]	1734
[b87a5ed]	1735	identifier_list: // K&R-style parameter list => no types
[4d51835]	1736	no_attr_identifier
	1737	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 ); }
	1738	\| identifier_list ',' no_attr_identifier
	1739	{ $$ = $1->appendList( DeclarationNode::newName( $3 ) ); }
	1740	;
[51b73452]	1741
[2871210]	1742	identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1743	identifier
	1744	\| TYPEDEFname
	1745	\| TYPEGENname
	1746	;
[51b73452]	1747
[2871210]	1748	no_01_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1749	no_01_identifier
	1750	\| TYPEDEFname
	1751	\| TYPEGENname
	1752	;
[51b73452]	1753
[2871210]	1754	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name:
[4d51835]	1755	no_attr_identifier
	1756	\| TYPEDEFname
[721f17a]	1757	\| TYPEGENname
[4d51835]	1758	;
[b87a5ed]	1759
	1760	type_name_no_function: // sizeof, alignof, cast (constructor)
[4d51835]	1761	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1762	\| type_specifier
	1763	\| type_specifier variable_abstract_declarator
	1764	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1765	;
[b87a5ed]	1766
	1767	type_name: // typeof, assertion
[4d51835]	1768	new_abstract_declarator_tuple // CFA
	1769	\| new_abstract_function // CFA
	1770	\| type_specifier
	1771	\| type_specifier abstract_declarator
	1772	{ $$ = $2->addType( $1 ); }
	1773	;
[51b73452]	1774
	1775	initializer_opt:
[4d51835]	1776	// empty
[58dd019]	1777	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[2871210]	1778	\| '=' initializer
	1779	{ $$ = $2; }
[097e2b0]	1780	\| ATassign initializer
[974906e2]	1781	{ $$ = $2->set_maybeConstructed( false ); }
[4d51835]	1782	;
[51b73452]	1783
	1784	initializer:
[de62360d]	1785	assignment_expression { $$ = new InitializerNode( $1 ); }
	1786	\| '{' initializer_list comma_opt '}' { $$ = new InitializerNode( $2, true ); }
[4d51835]	1787	;
[51b73452]	1788
	1789	initializer_list:
[097e2b0]	1790	// empty
[58dd019]	1791	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[097e2b0]	1792	\| initializer
[4d51835]	1793	\| designation initializer { $$ = $2->set_designators( $1 ); }
[1d4580a]	1794	\| initializer_list ',' initializer { $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1795	\| initializer_list ',' designation initializer
[1d4580a]	1796	{ $$ = (InitializerNode *)( $1->set_last( $4->set_designators( $3 ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1797	;
[b87a5ed]	1798
[de62360d]	1799	// There is an unreconcileable parsing problem between C99 and CFA with respect to designators. The problem is use of
	1800	// '=' to separator the designator from the initializer value, as in:
[c11e31c]	1801	//
[b87a5ed]	1802	// int x[10] = { [1] = 3 };
[c11e31c]	1803	//
[de62360d]	1804	// The string "[1] = 3" can be parsed as a designator assignment or a tuple assignment. To disambiguate this case, CFA
	1805	// changes the syntax from "=" to ":" as the separator between the designator and initializer. GCC does uses ":" for
	1806	// field selection. The optional use of the "=" in GCC, or in this case ":", cannot be supported either due to
	1807	// shift/reduce conflicts
[51b73452]	1808
	1809	designation:
[4d51835]	1810	designator_list ':' // C99, CFA uses ":" instead of "="
[2871210]	1811	\| no_attr_identifier_or_type_name ':' // GCC, field name
[d1625f8]	1812	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1813	;
[51b73452]	1814
[b87a5ed]	1815	designator_list: // C99
[4d51835]	1816	designator
[2871210]	1817	\| designator_list designator
[1d4580a]	1818	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $2 ) ); }
[d1625f8]	1819	//\| designator_list designator { $$ = new ExpressionNode( $1, $2 ); }
[4d51835]	1820	;
[51b73452]	1821
	1822	designator:
[d1625f8]	1823	'.' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name // C99, field name
	1824	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_varref( $2 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1825	\| '[' push assignment_expression pop ']' // C99, single array element
[de62360d]	1826	// assignment_expression used instead of constant_expression because of shift/reduce conflicts with tuple.
[d1625f8]	1827	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1828	\| '[' push subrange pop ']' // CFA, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1829	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	1830	\| '[' push constant_expression ELLIPSIS constant_expression pop ']' // GCC, multiple array elements
[d1625f8]	1831	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $3, $5 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1832	\| '.' '[' push field_list pop ']' // CFA, tuple field selector
[d1625f8]	1833	{ $$ = $4; }
[4d51835]	1834	;
[51b73452]	1835
[de62360d]	1836	// The CFA type system is based on parametric polymorphism, the ability to declare functions with type parameters,
	1837	// rather than an object-oriented type system. This required four groups of extensions:
[c11e31c]	1838	//
	1839	// Overloading: function, data, and operator identifiers may be overloaded.
	1840	//
[de62360d]	1841	// Type declarations: "type" is used to generate new types for declaring objects. Similarly, "dtype" is used for object
	1842	// and incomplete types, and "ftype" is used for function types. Type declarations with initializers provide
	1843	// definitions of new types. Type declarations with storage class "extern" provide opaque types.
[c11e31c]	1844	//
[de62360d]	1845	// Polymorphic functions: A forall clause declares a type parameter. The corresponding argument is inferred at the call
	1846	// site. A polymorphic function is not a template; it is a function, with an address and a type.
[c11e31c]	1847	//
	1848	// Specifications and Assertions: Specifications are collections of declarations parameterized by one or more
[de62360d]	1849	// types. They serve many of the purposes of abstract classes, and specification hierarchies resemble subclass
	1850	// hierarchies. Unlike classes, they can define relationships between types. Assertions declare that a type or
	1851	// types provide the operations declared by a specification. Assertions are normally used to declare requirements
	1852	// on type arguments of polymorphic functions.
[c11e31c]	1853
[b87a5ed]	1854	typegen_declaration_specifier: // CFA
[4d51835]	1855	typegen_type_specifier
	1856	\| declaration_qualifier_list typegen_type_specifier
	1857	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1858	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class // remaining OBSOLESCENT (see 2)
	1859	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1860	\| typegen_declaration_specifier storage_class type_qualifier_list
	1861	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $3 ); }
	1862	;
[b87a5ed]	1863
	1864	typegen_type_specifier: // CFA
[2871210]	1865	typegen_name
	1866	\| type_qualifier_list typegen_name
	1867	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	1868	\| typegen_type_specifier type_qualifier
	1869	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
	1870	;
[b87a5ed]	1871
[2871210]	1872	typegen_name: // CFA
	1873	TYPEGENname '(' type_name_list ')'
	1874	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFromTypeGen( $1, $3 ); }
	1875	;
	1876
[b87a5ed]	1877	type_parameter_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1878	type_parameter assignment_opt
	1879	\| type_parameter_list ',' type_parameter assignment_opt
	1880	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1881	;
[b87a5ed]	1882
	1883	type_parameter: // CFA
[2871210]	1884	type_class no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
	1885	{ typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::TD ); }
[4d51835]	1886	assertion_list_opt
	1887	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeParam( $1, $2 )->addAssertions( $4 ); }
	1888	\| type_specifier identifier_parameter_declarator
	1889	;
[b87a5ed]	1890
	1891	type_class: // CFA
[4040425]	1892	OTYPE
[5b639ee]	1893	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Otype; }
[4d51835]	1894	\| DTYPE
	1895	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Dtype; }
[8f60f0b]	1896	\| FTYPE
	1897	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ftype; }
	1898	\| TTYPE
	1899	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::Ttype; }
[4d51835]	1900	;
[b87a5ed]	1901
	1902	assertion_list_opt: // CFA
[4d51835]	1903	// empty
[58dd019]	1904	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1905	\| assertion_list_opt assertion
[a7741435]	1906	{ $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $2 ) : $2; }
[4d51835]	1907	;
[b87a5ed]	1908
	1909	assertion: // CFA
[2871210]	1910	'\|' no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' type_name_list ')'
[4d51835]	1911	{
[4040425]	1912	typedefTable.openTrait( *$2 );
	1913	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTraitUse( $2, $4 );
[4d51835]	1914	}
[4040425]	1915	\| '\|' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1916	{ $$ = $4; }
[4040425]	1917	\| '\|' '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' push trait_declaration_list '}' '(' type_name_list ')'
[58dd019]	1918	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	1919	;
[b87a5ed]	1920
	1921	type_name_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1922	type_name
[d1625f8]	1923	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $1 ) ); }
[4d51835]	1924	\| assignment_expression
	1925	\| type_name_list ',' type_name
[1d4580a]	1926	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( new ExpressionNode( build_typevalue( $3 ) ) ) ); }
[4d51835]	1927	\| type_name_list ',' assignment_expression
[1d4580a]	1928	{ $$ = (ExpressionNode *)( $1->set_last( $3 )); }
[4d51835]	1929	;
[b87a5ed]	1930
	1931	type_declaring_list: // CFA
[4040425]	1932	OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1933	{ $$ = $2; }
[4040425]	1934	\| storage_class_list OTYPE type_declarator
[4d51835]	1935	{ $$ = $3->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	1936	\| type_declaring_list ',' type_declarator
	1937	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3->copyStorageClasses( $1 ) ); }
	1938	;
[b87a5ed]	1939
	1940	type_declarator: // CFA
[4d51835]	1941	type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt
	1942	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 ); }
	1943	\| type_declarator_name assertion_list_opt '=' type_name
	1944	{ $$ = $1->addAssertions( $2 )->addType( $4 ); }
	1945	;
[b87a5ed]	1946
	1947	type_declarator_name: // CFA
[2871210]	1948	no_attr_identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	1949	{
[de62360d]	1950	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TD );
[4d51835]	1951	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, 0 );
	1952	}
[2871210]	1953	\| no_01_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')'
[4d51835]	1954	{
[de62360d]	1955	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$1, TypedefTable::TG );
[4d51835]	1956	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTypeDecl( $1, $4 );
	1957	}
	1958	;
[b87a5ed]	1959
[4040425]	1960	trait_specifier: // CFA
	1961	TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{' '}'
[4d51835]	1962	{
[de62360d]	1963	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1964	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, 0 );
[4d51835]	1965	}
[4040425]	1966	\| TRAIT no_attr_identifier_or_type_name '(' push type_parameter_list pop ')' '{'
[4d51835]	1967	{
[4040425]	1968	typedefTable.enterTrait( *$2 );
[4d51835]	1969	typedefTable.enterScope();
	1970	}
[4040425]	1971	trait_declaration_list '}'
[4d51835]	1972	{
[4040425]	1973	typedefTable.leaveTrait();
[de62360d]	1974	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( *$2, TypedefTable::ID );
[4040425]	1975	$$ = DeclarationNode::newTrait( $2, $5, $10 );
[4d51835]	1976	}
	1977	;
[b87a5ed]	1978
[4040425]	1979	trait_declaration_list: // CFA
	1980	trait_declaration
	1981	\| trait_declaration_list push trait_declaration
[4d51835]	1982	{ $$ = $1->appendList( $3 ); }
	1983	;
[b87a5ed]	1984
[4040425]	1985	trait_declaration: // CFA
	1986	new_trait_declaring_list pop ';'
	1987	\| trait_declaring_list pop ';'
[4d51835]	1988	;
[b87a5ed]	1989
[4040425]	1990	new_trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	1991	new_variable_specifier
	1992	{
	1993	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1994	$$ = $1;
	1995	}
	1996	\| new_function_specifier
	1997	{
	1998	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	1999	$$ = $1;
	2000	}
[4040425]	2001	\| new_trait_declaring_list pop ',' push identifier_or_type_name
[4d51835]	2002	{
[de62360d]	2003	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( *$5, TypedefTable::ID );
[4d51835]	2004	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneType( $5 ) );
	2005	}
	2006	;
[b87a5ed]	2007
[4040425]	2008	trait_declaring_list: // CFA
[4d51835]	2009	type_specifier declarator
	2010	{
	2011	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2012	$$ = $2->addType( $1 );
	2013	}
[4040425]	2014	\| trait_declaring_list pop ',' push declarator
[4d51835]	2015	{
	2016	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope2( TypedefTable::ID );
	2017	$$ = $1->appendList( $1->cloneBaseType( $5 ) );
	2018	}
	2019	;
[51b73452]	2020
[c11e31c]	2021	//*************************** EXTERNAL DEFINITIONS ***************************
[51b73452]	2022
	2023	translation_unit:
[4d51835]	2024	// empty
	2025	{} // empty input file
	2026	\| external_definition_list
[a7741435]	2027	{ parseTree = parseTree ? parseTree->appendList( $1 ) : $1; }
[4d51835]	2028	;
[51b73452]	2029
	2030	external_definition_list:
[4d51835]	2031	external_definition
	2032	\| external_definition_list push external_definition
[a7741435]	2033	{ $$ = $1 ? $1->appendList( $3 ) : $3; }
[4d51835]	2034	;
[51b73452]	2035
	2036	external_definition_list_opt:
[4d51835]	2037	// empty
[58dd019]	2038	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2039	\| external_definition_list
	2040	;
[51b73452]	2041
	2042	external_definition:
[4d51835]	2043	declaration
	2044	\| external_function_definition
	2045	\| asm_statement // GCC, global assembler statement
	2046	{}
	2047	\| EXTERN STRINGliteral
	2048	{
[3b8e52c]	2049	linkageStack.push( linkage ); // handle nested extern "C"/"Cforall"
[faddbd8]	2050	linkage = LinkageSpec::linkageCheck( $2 );
[4d51835]	2051	}
	2052	'{' external_definition_list_opt '}' // C++-style linkage specifier
	2053	{
	2054	linkage = linkageStack.top();
	2055	linkageStack.pop();
	2056	$$ = $5;
	2057	}
	2058	\| EXTENSION external_definition
[8e9cbb2]	2059	{ // mark all fields in list
[926af74]	2060	for ( DeclarationNode iter = $2; iter != nullptr; iter = (DeclarationNode )iter->get_next() )
[8e9cbb2]	2061	iter->set_extension( true );
	2062	$$ = $2;
	2063	}
[4d51835]	2064	;
	2065
	2066	external_function_definition:
	2067	function_definition
[de62360d]	2068	// These rules are a concession to the "implicit int" type_specifier because there is a significant amount of
[c6b1105]	2069	// legacy code with global functions missing the type-specifier for the return type, and assuming "int".
	2070	// Parsing is possible because function_definition does not appear in the context of an expression (nested
	2071	// functions preclude this concession, i.e., all nested function must have a return type). A function prototype
	2072	// declaration must still have a type_specifier. OBSOLESCENT (see 1)
[4d51835]	2073	\| function_declarator compound_statement
	2074	{
	2075	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2076	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2077	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2078	}
	2079	\| old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2080	{
	2081	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2082	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2083	$$ = $1->addOldDeclList( $3 )->addFunctionBody( $4 );
	2084	}
	2085	;
[51b73452]	2086
	2087	function_definition:
[4d51835]	2088	new_function_declaration compound_statement // CFA
	2089	{
	2090	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2091	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2092	$$ = $1->addFunctionBody( $2 );
	2093	}
	2094	\| declaration_specifier function_declarator compound_statement
	2095	{
	2096	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2097	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2098	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addType( $1 );
	2099	}
	2100	\| type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2101	{
	2102	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2103	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2104	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2105	}
	2106	\| declaration_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2107	{
	2108	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2109	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2110	$$ = $2->addFunctionBody( $3 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2111	}
	2112	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list function_declarator compound_statement
	2113	{
	2114	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2115	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2116	$$ = $3->addFunctionBody( $4 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2117	}
	2118
	2119	// Old-style K&R function definition, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2120	\| declaration_specifier old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2121	{
	2122	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2123	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2124	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addType( $1 );
	2125	}
	2126	\| type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2127	{
	2128	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2129	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2130	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2131	}
	2132
	2133	// Old-style K&R function definition with "implicit int" type_specifier, OBSOLESCENT (see 4)
	2134	\| declaration_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2135	{
	2136	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2137	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2138	$$ = $2->addOldDeclList( $4 )->addFunctionBody( $5 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2139	}
	2140	\| declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator push old_declaration_list_opt compound_statement
	2141	{
	2142	typedefTable.addToEnclosingScope( TypedefTable::ID );
	2143	typedefTable.leaveScope();
	2144	$$ = $3->addOldDeclList( $5 )->addFunctionBody( $6 )->addQualifiers( $2 )->addQualifiers( $1 );
	2145	}
	2146	;
[51b73452]	2147
	2148	declarator:
[4d51835]	2149	variable_declarator
[c6b1105]	2150	\| variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2151	\| function_declarator
	2152	;
[51b73452]	2153
	2154	subrange:
[4d51835]	2155	constant_expression '~' constant_expression // CFA, integer subrange
[d1625f8]	2156	{ $$ = new ExpressionNode( build_range( $1, $3 ) ); }
[4d51835]	2157	;
[b87a5ed]	2158
	2159	asm_name_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2160	// empty
[58dd019]	2161	{ $$ = nullptr; }
	2162	\| ASM '(' string_literal ')' attribute_list_opt
	2163	{ $$ = $3; }
[4d51835]	2164	;
[b87a5ed]	2165
	2166	attribute_list_opt: // GCC
[4d51835]	2167	// empty
[58dd019]	2168	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2169	\| attribute_list
	2170	;
[b87a5ed]	2171
	2172	attribute_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2173	attribute
	2174	\| attribute_list attribute
[1db21619]	2175	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
[4d51835]	2176	;
[b87a5ed]	2177
	2178	attribute: // GCC
[4d51835]	2179	ATTRIBUTE '(' '(' attribute_parameter_list ')' ')'
[1db21619]	2180	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newQualifier( DeclarationNode::Attribute ); }
[58dd019]	2181	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2182	;
[b87a5ed]	2183
	2184	attribute_parameter_list: // GCC
[4d51835]	2185	attrib
	2186	\| attribute_parameter_list ',' attrib
	2187	;
[b87a5ed]	2188
	2189	attrib: // GCC
[4d51835]	2190	// empty
	2191	\| any_word
[c1c1112]	2192	\| any_word '(' comma_expression_opt ')' { delete $3; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2193	;
[b87a5ed]	2194
	2195	any_word: // GCC
[c1c1112]	2196	identifier_or_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2197	\| storage_class { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2198	\| basic_type_name { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
	2199	\| type_qualifier { delete $1; } // FIX ME: unimplemented
[4d51835]	2200	;
[51b73452]	2201
[c11e31c]	2202	// ============================================================================
[de62360d]	2203	// The following sections are a series of grammar patterns used to parse declarators. Multiple patterns are necessary
	2204	// because the type of an identifier in wrapped around the identifier in the same form as its usage in an expression, as
	2205	// in:
[c11e31c]	2206	//
[b87a5ed]	2207	// int (*f())[10] { ... };
	2208	// ... (*f())[3] += 1; // definition mimics usage
[c11e31c]	2209	//
[de62360d]	2210	// Because these patterns are highly recursive, changes at a lower level in the recursion require copying some or all of
	2211	// the pattern. Each of these patterns has some subtle variation to ensure correct syntax in a particular context.
[c11e31c]	2212	// ============================================================================
	2213
	2214	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[de62360d]	2215	// The set of valid declarators before a compound statement for defining a function is less than the set of declarators
	2216	// to define a variable or function prototype, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2217	//
[b87a5ed]	2218	// valid declaration invalid definition
	2219	// ----------------- ------------------
[4d51835]	2220	// int f; int f {}
	2221	// int f; int f {}
[b87a5ed]	2222	// int f[10]; int f[10] {}
[4d51835]	2223	// int (f)(int); int (f)(int) {}
[c11e31c]	2224	//
[de62360d]	2225	// To preclude this syntactic anomaly requires separating the grammar rules for variable and function declarators, hence
	2226	// variable_declarator and function_declarator.
[c11e31c]	2227	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2228
[de62360d]	2229	// This pattern parses a declaration of a variable that is not redefining a typedef name. The pattern precludes
	2230	// declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions.
[51b73452]	2231
	2232	variable_declarator:
[4d51835]	2233	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2234	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2235	\| variable_ptr
	2236	\| variable_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2237	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2238	\| variable_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2239	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2240	;
[51b73452]	2241
	2242	paren_identifier:
[4d51835]	2243	identifier
	2244	{
[de62360d]	2245	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2246	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2247	}
	2248	\| '(' paren_identifier ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2249	{ $$ = $2; }
	2250	;
[51b73452]	2251
	2252	variable_ptr:
[dd51906]	2253	ptrref_operator variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2254	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2255	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_declarator
[4d51835]	2256	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2257	\| '(' variable_ptr ')'
	2258	{ $$ = $2; }
	2259	;
[51b73452]	2260
	2261	variable_array:
[4d51835]	2262	paren_identifier array_dimension
	2263	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2264	\| '(' variable_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2265	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2266	\| '(' variable_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2267	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2268	\| '(' variable_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2269	{ $$ = $2; }
	2270	;
[51b73452]	2271
	2272	variable_function:
[4d51835]	2273	'(' variable_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2274	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2275	\| '(' variable_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2276	{ $$ = $2; }
	2277	;
[51b73452]	2278
[c6b1105]	2279	// This pattern parses a function declarator that is not redefining a typedef name. For non-nested functions, there is
	2280	// no context where a function definition can redefine a typedef name, i.e., the typedef and function name cannot exist
	2281	// is the same scope. The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2282
	2283	function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2284	function_no_ptr attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2285	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2286	\| function_ptr
	2287	\| function_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2288	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2289	;
[51b73452]	2290
	2291	function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2292	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2293	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2294	\| '(' function_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
	2295	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2296	\| '(' function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2297	{ $$ = $2; }
	2298	;
[51b73452]	2299
	2300	function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2301	ptrref_operator function_declarator
[4d51835]	2302	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2303	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list function_declarator
[4d51835]	2304	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2305	\| '(' function_ptr ')'
	2306	{ $$ = $2; }
	2307	;
[51b73452]	2308
	2309	function_array:
[4d51835]	2310	'(' function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2311	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2312	\| '(' function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2313	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2314	\| '(' function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2315	{ $$ = $2; }
	2316	;
[51b73452]	2317
[de62360d]	2318	// This pattern parses an old-style K&R function declarator (OBSOLESCENT, see 4) that is not redefining a typedef name
	2319	// (see function_declarator for additional comments). The pattern precludes returning arrays and functions versus
	2320	// pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2321
	2322	old_function_declarator:
[4d51835]	2323	old_function_no_ptr
	2324	\| old_function_ptr
	2325	\| old_function_array
	2326	;
[51b73452]	2327
	2328	old_function_no_ptr:
[4d51835]	2329	paren_identifier '(' identifier_list ')' // function_declarator handles empty parameter
	2330	{ $$ = $1->addIdList( $3 ); }
	2331	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')' '(' identifier_list ')'
	2332	{ $$ = $2->addIdList( $5 ); }
	2333	\| '(' old_function_no_ptr ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2334	{ $$ = $2; }
	2335	;
[51b73452]	2336
	2337	old_function_ptr:
[dd51906]	2338	ptrref_operator old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2339	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2340	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list old_function_declarator
[4d51835]	2341	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2342	\| '(' old_function_ptr ')'
	2343	{ $$ = $2; }
	2344	;
[51b73452]	2345
	2346	old_function_array:
[4d51835]	2347	'(' old_function_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2348	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2349	\| '(' old_function_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2350	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2351	\| '(' old_function_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2352	{ $$ = $2; }
	2353	;
[51b73452]	2354
[2871210]	2355	// This pattern parses a declaration for a variable or function prototype that redefines a type name, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2356	//
[b87a5ed]	2357	// typedef int foo;
	2358	// {
	2359	// int foo; // redefine typedef name in new scope
	2360	// }
[c11e31c]	2361	//
[de62360d]	2362	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2363	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2364
[c6b1105]	2365	variable_type_redeclarator:
[2871210]	2366	paren_type attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2367	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2368	\| type_ptr
	2369	\| type_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2370	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2371	\| type_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2372	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2373	;
[51b73452]	2374
[2871210]	2375	paren_type:
	2376	typedef
	2377	\| '(' paren_type ')'
[4d51835]	2378	{ $$ = $2; }
	2379	;
[51b73452]	2380
[2871210]	2381	type_ptr:
[c6b1105]	2382	ptrref_operator variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2383	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[c6b1105]	2384	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_type_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2385	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2386	\| '(' type_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2387	{ $$ = $2; }
	2388	;
[51b73452]	2389
[2871210]	2390	type_array:
	2391	paren_type array_dimension
[4d51835]	2392	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2393	\| '(' type_ptr ')' array_dimension
[4d51835]	2394	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2395	\| '(' type_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2396	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2397	\| '(' type_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2398	{ $$ = $2; }
	2399	;
[51b73452]	2400
[2871210]	2401	type_function:
	2402	paren_type '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2403	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2404	\| '(' type_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2405	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
[2871210]	2406	\| '(' type_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
[4d51835]	2407	{ $$ = $2; }
	2408	;
[51b73452]	2409
[de62360d]	2410	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is not redefining a typedef
	2411	// name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. The pattern precludes declaring an
	2412	// array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to
	2413	// arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2414
	2415	identifier_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2416	paren_identifier attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2417	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2418	\| identifier_parameter_ptr
	2419	\| identifier_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2420	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2421	\| identifier_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2422	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2423	;
[51b73452]	2424
	2425	identifier_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2426	ptrref_operator identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2427	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2428	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list identifier_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2429	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2430	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')'
	2431	{ $$ = $2; }
	2432	;
[51b73452]	2433
	2434	identifier_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2435	paren_identifier array_parameter_dimension
	2436	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2437	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2438	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2439	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2440	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2441	\| '(' identifier_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2442	{ $$ = $2; }
	2443	;
[51b73452]	2444
	2445	identifier_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2446	paren_identifier '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2447	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
	2448	\| '(' identifier_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2449	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2450	\| '(' identifier_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2451	{ $$ = $2; }
	2452	;
[b87a5ed]	2453
[de62360d]	2454	// This pattern parses a declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is redefining a typedef name,
	2455	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2456	//
[b87a5ed]	2457	// typedef int foo;
	2458	// int f( int foo ); // redefine typedef name in new scope
[c11e31c]	2459	//
[de62360d]	2460	// and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list. In addition, the pattern handles the
	2461	// special meaning of parenthesis around a typedef name:
[c11e31c]	2462	//
[b87a5ed]	2463	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.3(11) : "In a parameter declaration, a single typedef name in
	2464	// parentheses is taken to be an abstract declarator that specifies a function with a single parameter,
	2465	// not as redundant parentheses around the identifier."
[c11e31c]	2466	//
[c6b1105]	2467	// For example:
[c11e31c]	2468	//
[b87a5ed]	2469	// typedef float T;
[4d51835]	2470	// int f( int ( T [5] ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
[b87a5ed]	2471	// int g( int ( T ( int ) ) ); // see abstract_parameter_declarator
	2472	// int f( int f1( T a[5] ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
	2473	// int g( int g1( T g2( int p ) ) ); // see identifier_parameter_declarator
[c11e31c]	2474	//
[de62360d]	2475	// In essence, a '(' immediately to the left of typedef name, T, is interpreted as starting a parameter type list, and
	2476	// not as redundant parentheses around a redeclaration of T. Finally, the pattern also precludes declaring an array of
	2477	// functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays and functions versus pointers to arrays and
	2478	// functions.
[51b73452]	2479
[2871210]	2480	type_parameter_redeclarator:
[4d51835]	2481	typedef attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2482	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2483	\| type_parameter_ptr
	2484	\| type_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2485	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2486	\| type_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2487	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2488	;
[51b73452]	2489
	2490	typedef:
[4d51835]	2491	TYPEDEFname
	2492	{
[de62360d]	2493	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
[4d51835]	2494	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2495	}
[2871210]	2496	\| TYPEGENname
	2497	{
	2498	typedefTable.setNextIdentifier( *$1 );
	2499	$$ = DeclarationNode::newName( $1 );
	2500	}
[4d51835]	2501	;
[51b73452]	2502
[2871210]	2503	type_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2504	ptrref_operator type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2505	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2506	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list type_parameter_redeclarator
[4d51835]	2507	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
[2871210]	2508	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')'
[4d51835]	2509	{ $$ = $2; }
	2510	;
[51b73452]	2511
[2871210]	2512	type_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2513	typedef array_parameter_dimension
	2514	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
[2871210]	2515	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
[4d51835]	2516	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2517	;
[51b73452]	2518
[2871210]	2519	type_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2520	typedef '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2521	{ $$ = $1->addParamList( $4 ); }
[2871210]	2522	\| '(' type_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[4d51835]	2523	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2524	;
[b87a5ed]	2525
[de62360d]	2526	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no identifier to
	2527	// which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2528	//
[b87a5ed]	2529	// sizeof( int );
	2530	// sizeof( int [10] );
[c11e31c]	2531	//
[de62360d]	2532	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2533	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2534
	2535	abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2536	abstract_ptr
	2537	\| abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2538	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2539	\| abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2540	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2541	;
[51b73452]	2542
	2543	abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2544	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2545	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2546	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2547	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2548	\| ptrref_operator abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2549	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2550	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2551	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2552	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')'
	2553	{ $$ = $2; }
	2554	;
[51b73452]	2555
	2556	abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2557	array_dimension
	2558	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2559	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2560	\| '(' abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2561	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2562	\| '(' abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2563	{ $$ = $2; }
	2564	;
[51b73452]	2565
	2566	abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2567	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2568	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2569	\| '(' abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2570	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2571	\| '(' abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2572	{ $$ = $2; }
	2573	;
[51b73452]	2574
	2575	array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2576	// Only the first dimension can be empty.
[2871210]	2577	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2578	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
[2871210]	2579	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension
	2580	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false )->addArray( $3 ); }
[4d51835]	2581	\| multi_array_dimension
	2582	;
[51b73452]	2583
	2584	multi_array_dimension:
[4d51835]	2585	'[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2586	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $3, 0, false ); }
	2587	\| '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2588	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ); }
	2589	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push assignment_expression pop ']'
	2590	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, 0, false ) ); }
	2591	\| multi_array_dimension '[' push '*' pop ']' // C99
	2592	{ $$ = $1->addArray( DeclarationNode::newVarArray( 0 ) ); }
	2593	;
[51b73452]	2594
[c11e31c]	2595	// This pattern parses a declaration of a parameter abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2596	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
	2597	//
[b87a5ed]	2598	// int f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2599	// int f( int (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2600	//
[de62360d]	2601	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2602	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2603
	2604	abstract_parameter_declarator:
[4d51835]	2605	abstract_parameter_ptr
	2606	\| abstract_parameter_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2607	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2608	\| abstract_parameter_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2609	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2610	;
[51b73452]	2611
	2612	abstract_parameter_ptr:
[dd51906]	2613	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2614	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2615	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2616	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2617	\| ptrref_operator abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2618	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2619	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list abstract_parameter_declarator
[4d51835]	2620	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2621	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')'
	2622	{ $$ = $2; }
	2623	;
[51b73452]	2624
	2625	abstract_parameter_array:
[4d51835]	2626	array_parameter_dimension
	2627	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' array_parameter_dimension
	2628	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2629	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2630	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2631	\| '(' abstract_parameter_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2632	{ $$ = $2; }
	2633	;
[51b73452]	2634
	2635	abstract_parameter_function:
[4d51835]	2636	'(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
[2298f728]	2637	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, nullptr, $3, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2638	\| '(' abstract_parameter_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2639	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2640	\| '(' abstract_parameter_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2641	{ $$ = $2; }
	2642	;
[51b73452]	2643
	2644	array_parameter_dimension:
[4d51835]	2645	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers.
	2646	array_parameter_1st_dimension
	2647	\| array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension
	2648	{ $$ = $1->addArray( $2 ); }
	2649	\| multi_array_dimension
	2650	;
[51b73452]	2651
[c11e31c]	2652	// The declaration of an array parameter has additional syntax over arrays in normal variable declarations:
	2653	//
[de62360d]	2654	// ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.5.2(1) : "The optional type qualifiers and the keyword static shall appear only in
	2655	// a declaration of a function parameter with an array type, and then only in the outermost array type derivation."
[51b73452]	2656
	2657	array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[2871210]	2658	'[' ']'
[4d51835]	2659	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ); }
	2660	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' '*' ']' case
	2661	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2662	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2663	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list pop ']'
	2664	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, $3, false ); }
	2665	// multi_array_dimension handles the '[' assignment_expression ']' case
	2666	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2667	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2668	\| '[' push STATIC type_qualifier_list_opt assignment_expression pop ']'
	2669	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4, true ); }
	2670	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list STATIC assignment_expression pop ']'
	2671	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $3, true ); }
	2672	;
[b87a5ed]	2673
[de62360d]	2674	// This pattern parses a declaration of an abstract variable, i.e., there is no identifier to which the type applies,
	2675	// e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2676	//
[b87a5ed]	2677	// sizeof( int ); // abstract variable; no identifier name specified
[c11e31c]	2678	//
[de62360d]	2679	// The pattern precludes declaring an array of functions versus a pointer to an array of functions, and returning arrays
	2680	// and functions versus pointers to arrays and functions.
[51b73452]	2681
	2682	variable_abstract_declarator:
[4d51835]	2683	variable_abstract_ptr
	2684	\| variable_abstract_array attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2685	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2686	\| variable_abstract_function attribute_list_opt
[1db21619]	2687	{ $$ = $1->addQualifiers( $2 ); }
[4d51835]	2688	;
[51b73452]	2689
	2690	variable_abstract_ptr:
[dd51906]	2691	ptrref_operator
[4d51835]	2692	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ); }
[dd51906]	2693	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list
[4d51835]	2694	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ); }
[dd51906]	2695	\| ptrref_operator variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2696	{ $$ = $2->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2697	\| ptrref_operator type_qualifier_list variable_abstract_declarator
[4d51835]	2698	{ $$ = $3->addPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $2 ) ); }
	2699	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')'
	2700	{ $$ = $2; }
	2701	;
[51b73452]	2702
	2703	variable_abstract_array:
[4d51835]	2704	array_dimension
	2705	\| '(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' array_dimension
	2706	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2707	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' multi_array_dimension // redundant parenthesis
	2708	{ $$ = $2->addArray( $4 ); }
	2709	\| '(' variable_abstract_array ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2710	{ $$ = $2; }
	2711	;
[51b73452]	2712
	2713	variable_abstract_function:
[4d51835]	2714	'(' variable_abstract_ptr ')' '(' push parameter_type_list_opt pop ')' // empty parameter list OBSOLESCENT (see 3)
	2715	{ $$ = $2->addParamList( $6 ); }
	2716	\| '(' variable_abstract_function ')' // redundant parenthesis
	2717	{ $$ = $2; }
	2718	;
[b87a5ed]	2719
[de62360d]	2720	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration for a parameter variable or function prototype that is either an
	2721	// identifier or typedef name and allows the C99 array options, which can only appear in a parameter list.
[b87a5ed]	2722
	2723	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2724	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple
	2725	\| new_abstract_tuple
	2726	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2727	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2728	;
[b87a5ed]	2729
	2730	new_identifier_parameter_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2731	new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2732	\| new_identifier_parameter_array
	2733	;
[b87a5ed]	2734
	2735	new_identifier_parameter_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2736	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2737	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2738	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2739	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2740	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2741	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2742	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2743	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2744	\| ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2745	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2746	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_identifier_parameter_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2747	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2748	;
[b87a5ed]	2749
	2750	new_identifier_parameter_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2751	// Only the first dimension can be empty or have qualifiers. Empty dimension must be factored out due to
	2752	// shift/reduce conflict with new-style empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2753	'[' ']' type_specifier
	2754	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2755	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension type_specifier
	2756	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2757	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2758	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2759	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2760	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2761	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2762	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[9059213]	2763
[2871210]	2764	\| '[' ']' new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2765	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2766	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2767	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2768	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2769	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( 0, 0, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2770	\| new_array_parameter_1st_dimension multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2771	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( $2 )->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2772	\| multi_array_dimension new_identifier_parameter_ptr
	2773	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2774	;
[51b73452]	2775
	2776	new_array_parameter_1st_dimension:
[4d51835]	2777	'[' push type_qualifier_list '*' pop ']' // remaining C99
	2778	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newVarArray( $3 ); }
	2779	\| '[' push type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2780	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, false ); }
	2781	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2782	// declaration_qualifier_list must be used because of shift/reduce conflict with
	2783	// assignment_expression, so a semantic check is necessary to preclude them as a type_qualifier cannot
	2784	// appear in this context.
	2785	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $4, $3, true ); }
	2786	\| '[' push declaration_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list assignment_expression pop ']'
	2787	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newArray( $5, $4->addQualifiers( $3 ), true ); }
	2788	;
[b87a5ed]	2789
[de62360d]	2790	// This pattern parses a new-style declaration of an abstract variable or function prototype, i.e., there is no
	2791	// identifier to which the type applies, e.g.:
[c11e31c]	2792	//
[b87a5ed]	2793	// [int] f( int ); // abstract variable parameter; no parameter name specified
	2794	// [int] f( [int] (int) ); // abstract function-prototype parameter; no parameter name specified
[c11e31c]	2795	//
	2796	// These rules need LR(3):
	2797	//
[2871210]	2798	// new_abstract_tuple identifier_or_type_name
	2799	// '[' new_parameter_list ']' identifier_or_type_name '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
[c11e31c]	2800	//
	2801	// since a function return type can be syntactically identical to a tuple type:
	2802	//
[b87a5ed]	2803	// [int, int] t;
	2804	// [int, int] f( int );
[c11e31c]	2805	//
[2871210]	2806	// Therefore, it is necessary to look at the token after identifier_or_type_name to know when to reduce
[de62360d]	2807	// new_abstract_tuple. To make this LR(1), several rules have to be flattened (lengthened) to allow the necessary
	2808	// lookahead. To accomplish this, new_abstract_declarator has an entry point without tuple, and tuple declarations are
	2809	// duplicated when appearing with new_function_specifier.
[b87a5ed]	2810
	2811	new_abstract_declarator_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2812	new_abstract_tuple
	2813	\| type_qualifier_list new_abstract_tuple
	2814	{ $$ = $2->addQualifiers( $1 ); }
	2815	\| new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple
	2816	;
[b87a5ed]	2817
	2818	new_abstract_declarator_no_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2819	new_abstract_ptr
	2820	\| new_abstract_array
	2821	;
[b87a5ed]	2822
	2823	new_abstract_ptr: // CFA
[dd51906]	2824	ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2825	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2826	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator type_specifier
[4d51835]	2827	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2828	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2829	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2830	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_function
[4d51835]	2831	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2832	\| ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2833	{ $$ = $2->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( 0 ) ); }
[dd51906]	2834	\| type_qualifier_list ptrref_operator new_abstract_declarator_tuple
[4d51835]	2835	{ $$ = $3->addNewPointer( DeclarationNode::newPointer( $1 ) ); }
	2836	;
[b87a5ed]	2837
	2838	new_abstract_array: // CFA
[de62360d]	2839	// Only the first dimension can be empty. Empty dimension must be factored out due to shift/reduce conflict with
	2840	// empty (void) function return type.
[2871210]	2841	'[' ']' type_specifier
[2298f728]	2842	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2843	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension type_specifier
[2298f728]	2844	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2845	\| multi_array_dimension type_specifier
	2846	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
[2871210]	2847	\| '[' ']' new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2848	{ $$ = $3->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[2871210]	2849	\| '[' ']' multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
[2298f728]	2850	{ $$ = $4->addNewArray( $3 )->addNewArray( DeclarationNode::newArray( nullptr, nullptr, false ) ); }
[4d51835]	2851	\| multi_array_dimension new_abstract_ptr
	2852	{ $$ = $2->addNewArray( $1 ); }
	2853	;
[b87a5ed]	2854
	2855	new_abstract_tuple: // CFA
[4d51835]	2856	'[' push new_abstract_parameter_list pop ']'
	2857	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newTuple( $3 ); }
	2858	;
[b87a5ed]	2859
	2860	new_abstract_function: // CFA
[1b29996]	2861	// '[' ']' '(' new_parameter_type_list_opt ')'
	2862	// { $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, DeclarationNode::newTuple( nullptr ), $4, nullptr ); }
	2863	new_abstract_tuple '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2864	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2865	\| new_function_return '(' push new_parameter_type_list_opt pop ')'
[2298f728]	2866	{ $$ = DeclarationNode::newFunction( nullptr, $1, $4, nullptr ); }
[4d51835]	2867	;
[b87a5ed]	2868
[de62360d]	2869	// 1) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.7.2(2) : "At least one type specifier shall be given in the declaration specifiers in
	2870	// each declaration, and in the specifier-qualifier list in each structure declaration and type name."
[c11e31c]	2871	//
[de62360d]	2872	// 2) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.5(1) : "The placement of a storage-class specifier other than at the beginning of
	2873	// the declaration specifiers in a declaration is an obsolescent feature."
[c11e31c]	2874	//
	2875	// 3) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.6(1) : "The use of function declarators with empty parentheses (not
	2876	// prototype-format parameter type declarators) is an obsolescent feature."
	2877	//
[de62360d]	2878	// 4) ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Section 6.11.7(1) : "The use of function definitions with separate parameter identifier and
	2879	// declaration lists (not prototype-format parameter type and identifier declarators) is an obsolescent feature.
[51b73452]	2880
[c11e31c]	2881	//*********************** MISCELLANEOUS ******************************
[51b73452]	2882
[b87a5ed]	2883	comma_opt: // redundant comma
[4d51835]	2884	// empty
	2885	\| ','
	2886	;
[51b73452]	2887
	2888	assignment_opt:
[4d51835]	2889	// empty
[58dd019]	2890	{ $$ = nullptr; }
[4d51835]	2891	\| '=' assignment_expression
	2892	{ $$ = $2; }
	2893	;
[51b73452]	2894
	2895	%%
[c11e31c]	2896	// ----end of grammar----
[51b73452]	2897
[0da3e2c]	2898	extern char *yytext;
	2899
[5f2f2d7]	2900	void yyerror( const char * ) {
[2298f728]	2901	cout << "Error ";
[b87a5ed]	2902	if ( yyfilename ) {
[2298f728]	2903	cout << "in file " << yyfilename << " ";
[5f2f2d7]	2904	} // if
[2298f728]	2905	cout << "at line " << yylineno << " reading token \"" << (yytext[0] == '\0' ? "EOF" : yytext) << "\"" << endl;
[51b73452]	2906	}
	2907
[c11e31c]	2908	// Local Variables: //
[b87a5ed]	2909	// mode: c++ //
[de62360d]	2910	// tab-width: 4 //
[c11e31c]	2911	// compile-command: "make install" //
	2912	// End: //

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