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ADT ast-experimental pthread-emulation qualifiedEnum

Last change on this file since 8f94a63 was 69ec0fb, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 3 years ago
fix error in second update of heap allocator
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 57.3 KB

Rev	Line
[73abe95]	1	//
[c4f68dc]	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2017 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
[73abe95]	6	//
[92aca37]	7	// heap.cfa --
[73abe95]	8	//
[c4f68dc]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Tue Dec 19 21:58:35 2017
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[69ec0fb]	12	// Last Modified On : Mon Apr 25 18:51:36 2022
	13	// Update Count : 1147
[73abe95]	14	//
[c4f68dc]	15
[1e034d9]	16	#include <string.h> // memset, memcpy
[1076d05]	17	#include <limits.h> // ULONG_MAX
[31a5f418]	18	#include <stdlib.h> // EXIT_FAILURE
	19	#include <errno.h> // errno, ENOMEM, EINVAL
	20	#include <unistd.h> // STDERR_FILENO, sbrk, sysconf
[ada0246d]	21	#include <malloc.h> // memalign, malloc_usable_size
[c4f68dc]	22	#include <sys/mman.h> // mmap, munmap
[31a5f418]	23	#include <sys/sysinfo.h> // get_nprocs
[c4f68dc]	24
[92aca37]	25	#include "bits/align.hfa" // libAlign
[bcb14b5]	26	#include "bits/defs.hfa" // likely, unlikely
	27	#include "bits/locks.hfa" // __spinlock_t
[73abe95]	28	#include "startup.hfa" // STARTUP_PRIORITY_MEMORY
[58c671ba]	29	#include "math.hfa" // min
[7cfef0d]	30	#include "bitmanip.hfa" // is_pow2, ceiling2
[c4f68dc]	31
[31a5f418]	32	#define FASTLOOKUP
	33	#define __STATISTICS__
	34
	35
[93c2e0a]	36	static bool traceHeap = false;
[d46ed6e]	37
[baf608a]	38	inline bool traceHeap() { return traceHeap; }
[d46ed6e]	39
[93c2e0a]	40	bool traceHeapOn() {
	41	bool temp = traceHeap;
[d46ed6e]	42	traceHeap = true;
	43	return temp;
	44	} // traceHeapOn
	45
[93c2e0a]	46	bool traceHeapOff() {
	47	bool temp = traceHeap;
[d46ed6e]	48	traceHeap = false;
	49	return temp;
	50	} // traceHeapOff
	51
[baf608a]	52	bool traceHeapTerm() { return false; }
	53
[d46ed6e]	54
[95eb7cf]	55	static bool prtFree = false;
[d46ed6e]	56
[d134b15]	57	bool prtFree() {
[95eb7cf]	58	return prtFree;
	59	} // prtFree
[5d4fa18]	60
[95eb7cf]	61	bool prtFreeOn() {
	62	bool temp = prtFree;
	63	prtFree = true;
[5d4fa18]	64	return temp;
[95eb7cf]	65	} // prtFreeOn
[5d4fa18]	66
[95eb7cf]	67	bool prtFreeOff() {
	68	bool temp = prtFree;
	69	prtFree = false;
[5d4fa18]	70	return temp;
[95eb7cf]	71	} // prtFreeOff
[5d4fa18]	72
	73
[e723100]	74	enum {
[31a5f418]	75	// The default extension heap amount in units of bytes. When the current heap reaches the brk address, the brk
	76	// address is extended by the extension amount.
	77	__CFA_DEFAULT_HEAP_EXPANSION__ = 10 * 1024 * 1024,
[1e034d9]	78
[31a5f418]	79	// The mmap crossover point during allocation. Allocations less than this amount are allocated from buckets; values
	80	// greater than or equal to this value are mmap from the operating system.
	81	__CFA_DEFAULT_MMAP_START__ = 512 * 1024 + 1,
[dd23e66]	82
[31a5f418]	83	// The default unfreed storage amount in units of bytes. When the uC++ program ends it subtracts this amount from
	84	// the malloc/free counter to adjust for storage the program does not free.
	85	__CFA_DEFAULT_HEAP_UNFREED__ = 0
	86	}; // enum
[e723100]	87
	88
[f0b3f51]	89	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[92aca37]	90	static size_t allocUnfreed; // running total of allocations minus frees
[d46ed6e]	91
[95eb7cf]	92	static void prtUnfreed() {
[c1f38e6c]	93	if ( allocUnfreed != 0 ) {
[d46ed6e]	94	// DO NOT USE STREAMS AS THEY MAY BE UNAVAILABLE AT THIS POINT.
[4ea1c6d]	95	char helpText[512];
[92aca37]	96	int len = snprintf( helpText, sizeof(helpText), "CFA warning (UNIX pid:%ld) : program terminating with %zu(0x%zx) bytes of storage allocated but not freed.\n"
[4ea1c6d]	97	"Possible cause is unfreed storage allocated by the program or system/library routines called from the program.\n",
[c1f38e6c]	98	(long int)getpid(), allocUnfreed, allocUnfreed ); // always print the UNIX pid
[4ea1c6d]	99	__cfaabi_bits_write( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, len ); // print debug/nodebug
[b6830d74]	100	} // if
[95eb7cf]	101	} // prtUnfreed
[d46ed6e]	102
[7dd98b6]	103	extern int cfa_main_returned; // from interpose.cfa
[d46ed6e]	104	extern "C" {
[bcb14b5]	105	void heapAppStart() { // called by __cfaabi_appready_startup
[c1f38e6c]	106	allocUnfreed = 0;
[bcb14b5]	107	} // heapAppStart
	108
	109	void heapAppStop() { // called by __cfaabi_appready_startdown
	110	fclose( stdin ); fclose( stdout );
[b42d0ea]	111	if ( cfa_main_returned ) prtUnfreed(); // do not check unfreed storage if exit called
[bcb14b5]	112	} // heapAppStop
[d46ed6e]	113	} // extern "C"
	114	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	115
[1e034d9]	116
[e723100]	117	// statically allocated variables => zero filled.
	118	static size_t heapExpand; // sbrk advance
	119	static size_t mmapStart; // cross over point for mmap
	120	static unsigned int maxBucketsUsed; // maximum number of buckets in use
[69ec0fb]	121	// extern visibility, used by runtime kernel
	122	size_t __page_size; // architecture pagesize
	123	int __map_prot; // common mmap/mprotect protection
[e723100]	124
	125
	126	#define SPINLOCK 0
	127	#define LOCKFREE 1
	128	#define BUCKETLOCK SPINLOCK
[9c438546]	129	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
	130	#elif BUCKETLOCK == LOCKFREE
	131	#include <stackLockFree.hfa>
	132	#else
	133	#error undefined lock type for bucket lock
[e723100]	134	#endif // LOCKFREE
	135
	136	// Recursive definitions: HeapManager needs size of bucket array and bucket area needs sizeof HeapManager storage.
[31a5f418]	137	// Break recursion by hardcoding number of buckets and statically checking number is correct after bucket array defined.
[95eb7cf]	138	enum { NoBucketSizes = 91 }; // number of buckets sizes
[d46ed6e]	139
[31a5f418]	140	struct Heap {
[c4f68dc]	141	struct Storage {
[bcb14b5]	142	struct Header { // header
[c4f68dc]	143	union Kind {
	144	struct RealHeader {
	145	union {
[bcb14b5]	146	struct { // 4-byte word => 8-byte header, 8-byte word => 16-byte header
[c4f68dc]	147	union {
[31a5f418]	148	// 2nd low-order bit => zero filled, 3rd low-order bit => mmapped
[9c438546]	149	// FreeHeader * home; // allocated block points back to home locations (must overlay alignment)
[c4f68dc]	150	void * home; // allocated block points back to home locations (must overlay alignment)
	151	size_t blockSize; // size for munmap (must overlay alignment)
[9c438546]	152	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[31a5f418]	153	Storage * next; // freed block points to next freed block of same size
[c4f68dc]	154	#endif // SPINLOCK
	155	};
[9c438546]	156	size_t size; // allocation size in bytes
[c4f68dc]	157	};
[9c438546]	158	#if BUCKETLOCK == LOCKFREE
	159	Link(Storage) next; // freed block points next freed block of same size (double-wide)
[c4f68dc]	160	#endif // LOCKFREE
	161	};
[93c2e0a]	162	} real; // RealHeader
[9c438546]	163
[c4f68dc]	164	struct FakeHeader {
[31a5f418]	165	uintptr_t alignment; // 1st low-order bit => fake header & alignment
	166	uintptr_t offset;
[93c2e0a]	167	} fake; // FakeHeader
	168	} kind; // Kind
[bcb14b5]	169	} header; // Header
[31a5f418]	170
[95eb7cf]	171	char pad[libAlign() - sizeof( Header )];
[bcb14b5]	172	char data[0]; // storage
[c4f68dc]	173	}; // Storage
	174
[31a5f418]	175	static_assert( libAlign() >= sizeof( Storage ), "minimum alignment < sizeof( Storage )" );
[c4f68dc]	176
	177	struct FreeHeader {
[9c438546]	178	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[bcb14b5]	179	__spinlock_t lock; // must be first field for alignment
	180	Storage * freeList;
[c4f68dc]	181	#else
[9c438546]	182	StackLF(Storage) freeList;
	183	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[bcb14b5]	184	size_t blockSize; // size of allocations on this list
[c4f68dc]	185	}; // FreeHeader
	186
	187	// must be first fields for alignment
	188	__spinlock_t extlock; // protects allocation-buffer extension
	189	FreeHeader freeLists[NoBucketSizes]; // buckets for different allocation sizes
	190
	191	void * heapBegin; // start of heap
	192	void * heapEnd; // logical end of heap
	193	size_t heapRemaining; // amount of storage not allocated in the current chunk
[31a5f418]	194	}; // Heap
[c4f68dc]	195
[9c438546]	196	#if BUCKETLOCK == LOCKFREE
[c45d2fa]	197	static inline {
[31a5f418]	198	Link(Heap.Storage) * ?`next( Heap.Storage * this ) { return &this->header.kind.real.next; }
	199	void ?{}( Heap.FreeHeader & ) {}
	200	void ^?{}( Heap.FreeHeader & ) {}
[c45d2fa]	201	} // distribution
[9c438546]	202	#endif // LOCKFREE
	203
[31a5f418]	204	static inline size_t getKey( const Heap.FreeHeader & freeheader ) { return freeheader.blockSize; }
[5d4fa18]	205
[e723100]	206
[31a5f418]	207	#ifdef FASTLOOKUP
	208	enum { LookupSizes = 65_536 + sizeof(Heap.Storage) }; // number of fast lookup sizes
	209	static unsigned char lookup[LookupSizes]; // O(1) lookup for small sizes
	210	#endif // FASTLOOKUP
	211
	212	static const off_t mmapFd = -1; // fake or actual fd for anonymous file
	213	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	214	static bool heapBoot = 0; // detect recursion during boot
	215	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	216
[5d4fa18]	217
[c1f38e6c]	218	// Size of array must harmonize with NoBucketSizes and individual bucket sizes must be multiple of 16.
[d5d3a90]	219	// Smaller multiples of 16 and powers of 2 are common allocation sizes, so make them generate the minimum required bucket size.
	220	// malloc(0) returns 0p, so no bucket is necessary for 0 bytes returning an address that can be freed.
[e723100]	221	static const unsigned int bucketSizes[] @= { // different bucket sizes
[31a5f418]	222	16 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), 32 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), 48 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), 64 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
	223	96 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), 112 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), 128 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 3
	224	160, 192, 224, 256 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
	225	320, 384, 448, 512 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
	226	640, 768, 896, 1_024 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
	227	1_536, 2_048 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 2
	228	2_560, 3_072, 3_584, 4_096 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
	229	6_144, 8_192 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 2
	230	9_216, 10_240, 11_264, 12_288, 13_312, 14_336, 15_360, 16_384 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	231	18_432, 20_480, 22_528, 24_576, 26_624, 28_672, 30_720, 32_768 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	232	36_864, 40_960, 45_056, 49_152, 53_248, 57_344, 61_440, 65_536 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	233	73_728, 81_920, 90_112, 98_304, 106_496, 114_688, 122_880, 131_072 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	234	147_456, 163_840, 180_224, 196_608, 212_992, 229_376, 245_760, 262_144 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	235	294_912, 327_680, 360_448, 393_216, 425_984, 458_752, 491_520, 524_288 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	236	655_360, 786_432, 917_504, 1_048_576 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
	237	1_179_648, 1_310_720, 1_441_792, 1_572_864, 1_703_936, 1_835_008, 1_966_080, 2_097_152 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 8
	238	2_621_440, 3_145_728, 3_670_016, 4_194_304 + sizeof(Heap.Storage), // 4
[5d4fa18]	239	};
[e723100]	240
[c1f38e6c]	241	static_assert( NoBucketSizes == sizeof(bucketSizes) / sizeof(bucketSizes[0] ), "size of bucket array wrong" );
[e723100]	242
[9c438546]	243	// The constructor for heapManager is called explicitly in memory_startup.
[31a5f418]	244	static Heap heapManager __attribute__(( aligned (128) )) @= {}; // size of cache line to prevent false sharing
[5d4fa18]	245
[c4f68dc]	246
[19e5d65d]	247	//####################### Memory Allocation Routines Helpers ####################
	248
	249
[c4f68dc]	250	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	251	enum { CntTriples = 12 }; // number of counter triples
	252	enum { MALLOC, AALLOC, CALLOC, MEMALIGN, AMEMALIGN, CMEMALIGN, RESIZE, REALLOC, FREE };
	253
	254	struct StatsOverlay { // overlay for iteration
	255	unsigned int calls, calls_0;
	256	unsigned long long int request, alloc;
	257	};
	258
[95eb7cf]	259	// Heap statistics counters.
[31a5f418]	260	union HeapStatistics {
	261	struct { // minimum qualification
	262	unsigned int malloc_calls, malloc_0_calls;
	263	unsigned long long int malloc_storage_request, malloc_storage_alloc;
	264	unsigned int aalloc_calls, aalloc_0_calls;
	265	unsigned long long int aalloc_storage_request, aalloc_storage_alloc;
	266	unsigned int calloc_calls, calloc_0_calls;
	267	unsigned long long int calloc_storage_request, calloc_storage_alloc;
	268	unsigned int memalign_calls, memalign_0_calls;
	269	unsigned long long int memalign_storage_request, memalign_storage_alloc;
	270	unsigned int amemalign_calls, amemalign_0_calls;
	271	unsigned long long int amemalign_storage_request, amemalign_storage_alloc;
	272	unsigned int cmemalign_calls, cmemalign_0_calls;
	273	unsigned long long int cmemalign_storage_request, cmemalign_storage_alloc;
	274	unsigned int resize_calls, resize_0_calls;
	275	unsigned long long int resize_storage_request, resize_storage_alloc;
	276	unsigned int realloc_calls, realloc_0_calls;
	277	unsigned long long int realloc_storage_request, realloc_storage_alloc;
	278	unsigned int free_calls, free_null_calls;
	279	unsigned long long int free_storage_request, free_storage_alloc;
	280	unsigned int away_pulls, away_pushes;
	281	unsigned long long int away_storage_request, away_storage_alloc;
	282	unsigned int mmap_calls, mmap_0_calls; // no zero calls
	283	unsigned long long int mmap_storage_request, mmap_storage_alloc;
	284	unsigned int munmap_calls, munmap_0_calls; // no zero calls
	285	unsigned long long int munmap_storage_request, munmap_storage_alloc;
	286	};
	287	struct StatsOverlay counters[CntTriples]; // overlay for iteration
	288	}; // HeapStatistics
	289
	290	static_assert( sizeof(HeapStatistics) == CntTriples * sizeof(StatsOverlay),
	291	"Heap statistics counter-triplets does not match with array size" );
	292
	293	static void HeapStatisticsCtor( HeapStatistics & stats ) {
	294	memset( &stats, '\0', sizeof(stats) ); // very fast
	295	// for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < CntTriples; i += 1 ) {
	296	// stats.counters[i].calls = stats.counters[i].calls_0 = stats.counters[i].request = stats.counters[i].alloc = 0;
	297	// } // for
	298	} // HeapStatisticsCtor
	299
	300	static HeapStatistics & ?+=?( HeapStatistics & lhs, const HeapStatistics & rhs ) {
	301	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < CntTriples; i += 1 ) {
	302	lhs.counters[i].calls += rhs.counters[i].calls;
	303	lhs.counters[i].calls_0 += rhs.counters[i].calls_0;
	304	lhs.counters[i].request += rhs.counters[i].request;
	305	lhs.counters[i].alloc += rhs.counters[i].alloc;
	306	} // for
	307	return lhs;
	308	} // ?+=?
	309
	310	static HeapStatistics stats; // zero filled
[c1f38e6c]	311	static unsigned int sbrk_calls;
	312	static unsigned long long int sbrk_storage;
[95eb7cf]	313	// Statistics file descriptor (changed by malloc_stats_fd).
[709b812]	314	static int stats_fd = STDERR_FILENO; // default stderr
[c4f68dc]	315
[31a5f418]	316	#define prtFmt \
	317	"\nHeap statistics: (storage request / allocation)\n" \
	318	" malloc >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	319	" aalloc >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	320	" calloc >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	321	" memalign >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	322	" amemalign >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	323	" cmemalign >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	324	" resize >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	325	" realloc >0 calls %'u; 0 calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	326	" free !null calls %'u; null calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	327	" sbrk calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n" \
	328	" mmap calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	329	" munmap calls %'u; storage %'llu / %'llu bytes\n" \
	330
[c4f68dc]	331	// Use "write" because streams may be shutdown when calls are made.
[19e5d65d]	332	static int printStats() { // see malloc_stats
[31a5f418]	333	char helpText[sizeof(prtFmt) + 1024]; // space for message and values
[19e5d65d]	334	return __cfaabi_bits_print_buffer( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, sizeof(helpText), prtFmt,
[31a5f418]	335	stats.malloc_calls, stats.malloc_0_calls, stats.malloc_storage_request, stats.malloc_storage_alloc,
	336	stats.aalloc_calls, stats.aalloc_0_calls, stats.aalloc_storage_request, stats.aalloc_storage_alloc,
	337	stats.calloc_calls, stats.calloc_0_calls, stats.calloc_storage_request, stats.calloc_storage_alloc,
	338	stats.memalign_calls, stats.memalign_0_calls, stats.memalign_storage_request, stats.memalign_storage_alloc,
	339	stats.amemalign_calls, stats.amemalign_0_calls, stats.amemalign_storage_request, stats.amemalign_storage_alloc,
	340	stats.cmemalign_calls, stats.cmemalign_0_calls, stats.cmemalign_storage_request, stats.cmemalign_storage_alloc,
	341	stats.resize_calls, stats.resize_0_calls, stats.resize_storage_request, stats.resize_storage_alloc,
	342	stats.realloc_calls, stats.realloc_0_calls, stats.realloc_storage_request, stats.realloc_storage_alloc,
	343	stats.free_calls, stats.free_null_calls, stats.free_storage_request, stats.free_storage_alloc,
	344	sbrk_calls, sbrk_storage,
	345	stats.mmap_calls, stats.mmap_storage_request, stats.mmap_storage_alloc,
	346	stats.munmap_calls, stats.munmap_storage_request, stats.munmap_storage_alloc
[c4f68dc]	347	);
[d46ed6e]	348	} // printStats
[c4f68dc]	349
[31a5f418]	350	#define prtFmtXML \
	351	"<malloc version=\"1\">\n" \
	352	"<heap nr=\"0\">\n" \
	353	"<sizes>\n" \
	354	"</sizes>\n" \
	355	"<total type=\"malloc\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	356	"<total type=\"aalloc\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	357	"<total type=\"calloc\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	358	"<total type=\"memalign\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	359	"<total type=\"amemalign\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	360	"<total type=\"cmemalign\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	361	"<total type=\"resize\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	362	"<total type=\"realloc\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	363	"<total type=\"free\" !null=\"%'u;\" 0 null=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	364	"<total type=\"sbrk\" count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	365	"<total type=\"mmap\" count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\" / > bytes\n" \
	366	"<total type=\"munmap\" count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu / %'llu\"/> bytes\n" \
	367	"</malloc>"
	368
[bcb14b5]	369	static int printStatsXML( FILE * stream ) { // see malloc_info
[31a5f418]	370	char helpText[sizeof(prtFmtXML) + 1024]; // space for message and values
	371	return __cfaabi_bits_print_buffer( fileno( stream ), helpText, sizeof(helpText), prtFmtXML,
	372	stats.malloc_calls, stats.malloc_0_calls, stats.malloc_storage_request, stats.malloc_storage_alloc,
	373	stats.aalloc_calls, stats.aalloc_0_calls, stats.aalloc_storage_request, stats.aalloc_storage_alloc,
	374	stats.calloc_calls, stats.calloc_0_calls, stats.calloc_storage_request, stats.calloc_storage_alloc,
	375	stats.memalign_calls, stats.memalign_0_calls, stats.memalign_storage_request, stats.memalign_storage_alloc,
	376	stats.amemalign_calls, stats.amemalign_0_calls, stats.amemalign_storage_request, stats.amemalign_storage_alloc,
	377	stats.cmemalign_calls, stats.cmemalign_0_calls, stats.cmemalign_storage_request, stats.cmemalign_storage_alloc,
	378	stats.resize_calls, stats.resize_0_calls, stats.resize_storage_request, stats.resize_storage_alloc,
	379	stats.realloc_calls, stats.realloc_0_calls, stats.realloc_storage_request, stats.realloc_storage_alloc,
	380	stats.free_calls, stats.free_null_calls, stats.free_storage_request, stats.free_storage_alloc,
	381	sbrk_calls, sbrk_storage,
	382	stats.mmap_calls, stats.mmap_storage_request, stats.mmap_storage_alloc,
	383	stats.munmap_calls, stats.munmap_storage_request, stats.munmap_storage_alloc
[c4f68dc]	384	);
[d46ed6e]	385	} // printStatsXML
[c4f68dc]	386	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	387
[95eb7cf]	388
[1e034d9]	389	// thunk problem
	390	size_t Bsearchl( unsigned int key, const unsigned int * vals, size_t dim ) {
	391	size_t l = 0, m, h = dim;
	392	while ( l < h ) {
	393	m = (l + h) / 2;
	394	if ( (unsigned int &)(vals[m]) < key ) { // cast away const
	395	l = m + 1;
	396	} else {
	397	h = m;
	398	} // if
	399	} // while
	400	return l;
	401	} // Bsearchl
	402
	403
[95eb7cf]	404	static inline bool setMmapStart( size_t value ) { // true => mmapped, false => sbrk
[ad2dced]	405	if ( value < __page_size \|\| bucketSizes[NoBucketSizes - 1] < value ) return false;
[95eb7cf]	406	mmapStart = value; // set global
	407
	408	// find the closest bucket size less than or equal to the mmapStart size
[1e034d9]	409	maxBucketsUsed = Bsearchl( (unsigned int)mmapStart, bucketSizes, NoBucketSizes ); // binary search
[95eb7cf]	410	assert( maxBucketsUsed < NoBucketSizes ); // subscript failure ?
	411	assert( mmapStart <= bucketSizes[maxBucketsUsed] ); // search failure ?
[1076d05]	412	return true;
[95eb7cf]	413	} // setMmapStart
	414
	415
[cfbc703d]	416	// <-------+----------------------------------------------------> bsize (bucket size)
	417	// \|header \|addr
	418	//==================================================================================
	419	// align/offset \|
	420	// <-----------------<------------+-----------------------------> bsize (bucket size)
	421	// \|fake-header \| addr
[19e5d65d]	422	#define HeaderAddr( addr ) ((Heap.Storage.Header )( (char )addr - sizeof(Heap.Storage) ))
	423	#define RealHeader( header ) ((Heap.Storage.Header )((char )header - header->kind.fake.offset))
[cfbc703d]	424
	425	// <-------<<--------------------- dsize ---------------------->> bsize (bucket size)
	426	// \|header \|addr
	427	//==================================================================================
	428	// align/offset \|
	429	// <------------------------------<<---------- dsize --------->>> bsize (bucket size)
	430	// \|fake-header \|addr
[19e5d65d]	431	#define DataStorage( bsize, addr, header ) (bsize - ( (char )addr - (char )header ))
[cfbc703d]	432
	433
	434	static inline void checkAlign( size_t alignment ) {
[19e5d65d]	435	if ( unlikely( alignment < libAlign() \|\| ! is_pow2( alignment ) ) ) {
	436	abort( "** Error ** alignment %zu for memory allocation is less than %d and/or not a power of 2.", alignment, libAlign() );
[cfbc703d]	437	} // if
	438	} // checkAlign
	439
	440
[e3fea42]	441	static inline void checkHeader( bool check, const char name[], void * addr ) {
[b6830d74]	442	if ( unlikely( check ) ) { // bad address ?
[19e5d65d]	443	abort( "** Error ** attempt to %s storage %p with address outside the heap.\n"
[bcb14b5]	444	"Possible cause is duplicate free on same block or overwriting of memory.",
	445	name, addr );
[b6830d74]	446	} // if
[c4f68dc]	447	} // checkHeader
	448
[95eb7cf]	449
[19e5d65d]	450	// Manipulate sticky bits stored in unused 3 low-order bits of an address.
	451	// bit0 => alignment => fake header
	452	// bit1 => zero filled (calloc)
	453	// bit2 => mapped allocation versus sbrk
	454	#define StickyBits( header ) (((header)->kind.real.blockSize & 0x7))
	455	#define ClearStickyBits( addr ) (typeof(addr))((uintptr_t)(addr) & ~7)
	456	#define MarkAlignmentBit( align ) ((align) \| 1)
	457	#define AlignmentBit( header ) ((((header)->kind.fake.alignment) & 1))
	458	#define ClearAlignmentBit( header ) (((header)->kind.fake.alignment) & ~1)
	459	#define ZeroFillBit( header ) ((((header)->kind.real.blockSize) & 2))
	460	#define ClearZeroFillBit( header ) ((((header)->kind.real.blockSize) &= ~2))
	461	#define MarkZeroFilledBit( header ) ((header)->kind.real.blockSize \|= 2)
	462	#define MmappedBit( header ) ((((header)->kind.real.blockSize) & 4))
	463	#define MarkMmappedBit( size ) ((size) \| 4)
	464
	465
[31a5f418]	466	static inline void fakeHeader( Heap.Storage.Header *& header, size_t & alignment ) {
[19e5d65d]	467	if ( unlikely( AlignmentBit( header ) ) ) { // fake header ?
	468	alignment = ClearAlignmentBit( header ); // clear flag from value
[c4f68dc]	469	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	470	checkAlign( alignment ); // check alignment
	471	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[19e5d65d]	472	header = RealHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
[d5d3a90]	473	} else {
[c1f38e6c]	474	alignment = libAlign(); // => no fake header
[b6830d74]	475	} // if
[c4f68dc]	476	} // fakeHeader
	477
[95eb7cf]	478
[19e5d65d]	479	static inline bool headers( const char name[] __attribute__(( unused )), void * addr, Heap.Storage.Header *& header,
	480	Heap.FreeHeader *& freeHead, size_t & size, size_t & alignment ) with( heapManager ) {
	481	header = HeaderAddr( addr );
[c4f68dc]	482
	483	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[31a5f418]	484	checkHeader( header < (Heap.Storage.Header *)heapBegin, name, addr ); // bad low address ?
[c4f68dc]	485	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[b6830d74]	486
[19e5d65d]	487	if ( likely( ! StickyBits( header ) ) ) { // no sticky bits ?
	488	freeHead = (Heap.FreeHeader *)(header->kind.real.home);
	489	alignment = libAlign();
	490	} else {
	491	fakeHeader( header, alignment );
	492	if ( unlikely( MmappedBit( header ) ) ) {
	493	assert( addr < heapBegin \|\| heapEnd < addr );
	494	size = ClearStickyBits( header->kind.real.blockSize ); // mmap size
	495	return true;
	496	} // if
	497
	498	freeHead = (Heap.FreeHeader *)(ClearStickyBits( header->kind.real.home ));
	499	} // if
	500	size = freeHead->blockSize;
	501
[c4f68dc]	502	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[31a5f418]	503	checkHeader( header < (Heap.Storage.Header )heapBegin \|\| (Heap.Storage.Header )heapEnd < header, name, addr ); // bad address ? (offset could be + or -)
[c4f68dc]	504
[19e5d65d]	505	if ( freeHead < &freeLists[0] \|\| &freeLists[NoBucketSizes] <= freeHead ) {
[bcb14b5]	506	abort( "Attempt to %s storage %p with corrupted header.\n"
[19e5d65d]	507	"Possible cause is duplicate free on same block or overwriting of header information.",
	508	name, addr );
	509	} // if
[c4f68dc]	510	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[19e5d65d]	511
[bcb14b5]	512	return false;
[c4f68dc]	513	} // headers
	514
[709b812]	515	// #ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	516	// #if __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
	517	// #define MASK 0xdeadbeef
	518	// #else
	519	// #define MASK 0xdeadbeefdeadbeef
	520	// #endif
	521	// #define STRIDE size_t
[e4b6b7d3]	522
[709b812]	523	// static void * Memset( void * addr, STRIDE size ) { // debug only
	524	// if ( size % sizeof(STRIDE) != 0 ) abort( "Memset() : internal error, size %zd not multiple of %zd.", size, sizeof(STRIDE) );
	525	// if ( (STRIDE)addr % sizeof(STRIDE) != 0 ) abort( "Memset() : internal error, addr %p not multiple of %zd.", addr, sizeof(STRIDE) );
[e4b6b7d3]	526
[709b812]	527	// STRIDE * end = (STRIDE *)addr + size / sizeof(STRIDE);
	528	// for ( STRIDE * p = (STRIDE )addr; p < end; p += 1 ) p = MASK;
	529	// return addr;
	530	// } // Memset
	531	// #endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[e4b6b7d3]	532
[13fece5]	533
[92aca37]	534	#define NO_MEMORY_MSG "insufficient heap memory available for allocating %zd new bytes."
[c4f68dc]	535
[9c438546]	536	static inline void * extend( size_t size ) with( heapManager ) {
[b6830d74]	537	lock( extlock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 );
[19e5d65d]	538
[b6830d74]	539	ptrdiff_t rem = heapRemaining - size;
[19e5d65d]	540	if ( unlikely( rem < 0 ) ) {
[c4f68dc]	541	// If the size requested is bigger than the current remaining storage, increase the size of the heap.
	542
[69ec0fb]	543	size_t increase = ceiling2( size > heapExpand ? size : heapExpand, __page_size );
[ad2dced]	544	// Do not call abort or strerror( errno ) as they may call malloc.
[92aca37]	545	if ( sbrk( increase ) == (void *)-1 ) { // failed, no memory ?
[c4f68dc]	546	unlock( extlock );
[ad2dced]	547	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, NO_MEMORY_MSG, size );
[709b812]	548	_exit( EXIT_FAILURE ); // give up
[92aca37]	549	} // if
[19e5d65d]	550
[709b812]	551	// Make storage executable for thunks.
[69ec0fb]	552	if ( mprotect( (char *)heapEnd + heapRemaining, increase, __map_prot ) ) {
	553	unlock( extlock );
	554	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "extend() : internal error, mprotect failure, heapEnd:%p size:%zd, errno:%d.\n", heapEnd, increase, errno );
	555	_exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
	556	} // if
[19e5d65d]	557
[bcb14b5]	558	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[c4f68dc]	559	sbrk_calls += 1;
	560	sbrk_storage += increase;
[bcb14b5]	561	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	562	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	563	// Set new memory to garbage so subsequent uninitialized usages might fail.
[13fece5]	564	memset( (char *)heapEnd + heapRemaining, '\xde', increase );
[ad2dced]	565	//Memset( (char *)heapEnd + heapRemaining, increase );
[bcb14b5]	566	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	567	rem = heapRemaining + increase - size;
[b6830d74]	568	} // if
[c4f68dc]	569
[31a5f418]	570	Heap.Storage * block = (Heap.Storage *)heapEnd;
[b6830d74]	571	heapRemaining = rem;
	572	heapEnd = (char *)heapEnd + size;
	573	unlock( extlock );
	574	return block;
[c4f68dc]	575	} // extend
	576
	577
[9c438546]	578	static inline void * doMalloc( size_t size ) with( heapManager ) {
[31a5f418]	579	Heap.Storage * block; // pointer to new block of storage
[c4f68dc]	580
[b6830d74]	581	// Look up size in the size list. Make sure the user request includes space for the header that must be allocated
	582	// along with the block and is a multiple of the alignment size.
[69ec0fb]	583
[31a5f418]	584	size_t tsize = size + sizeof(Heap.Storage);
[19e5d65d]	585
[b6830d74]	586	if ( likely( tsize < mmapStart ) ) { // small size => sbrk
[e723100]	587	size_t posn;
	588	#ifdef FASTLOOKUP
	589	if ( tsize < LookupSizes ) posn = lookup[tsize];
	590	else
	591	#endif // FASTLOOKUP
	592	posn = Bsearchl( (unsigned int)tsize, bucketSizes, (size_t)maxBucketsUsed );
[31a5f418]	593	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem = &freeLists[posn];
[c1f38e6c]	594	verify( freeElem <= &freeLists[maxBucketsUsed] ); // subscripting error ?
	595	verify( tsize <= freeElem->blockSize ); // search failure ?
[c4f68dc]	596	tsize = freeElem->blockSize; // total space needed for request
	597
	598	// Spin until the lock is acquired for this particular size of block.
	599
[9c438546]	600	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[bcb14b5]	601	lock( freeElem->lock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 );
	602	block = freeElem->freeList; // remove node from stack
[c4f68dc]	603	#else
[9c438546]	604	block = pop( freeElem->freeList );
	605	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[95eb7cf]	606	if ( unlikely( block == 0p ) ) { // no free block ?
[9c438546]	607	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[c4f68dc]	608	unlock( freeElem->lock );
[9c438546]	609	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[bcb14b5]	610
[c4f68dc]	611	// Freelist for that size was empty, so carve it out of the heap if there's enough left, or get some more
	612	// and then carve it off.
	613
[31a5f418]	614	block = (Heap.Storage *)extend( tsize ); // mutual exclusion on call
[9c438546]	615	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[c4f68dc]	616	} else {
	617	freeElem->freeList = block->header.kind.real.next;
	618	unlock( freeElem->lock );
[9c438546]	619	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[c4f68dc]	620	} // if
	621
	622	block->header.kind.real.home = freeElem; // pointer back to free list of apropriate size
[bcb14b5]	623	} else { // large size => mmap
[ad2dced]	624	if ( unlikely( size > ULONG_MAX - __page_size ) ) return 0p;
	625	tsize = ceiling2( tsize, __page_size ); // must be multiple of page size
[c4f68dc]	626	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	627	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.mmap_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	628	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.mmap_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	629	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.mmap_storage_alloc, tsize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	630	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[92aca37]	631
[31a5f418]	632	block = (Heap.Storage *)mmap( 0, tsize, __map_prot, MAP_PRIVATE \| MAP_ANONYMOUS, mmapFd, 0 );
	633	if ( block == (Heap.Storage *)MAP_FAILED ) { // failed ?
[92aca37]	634	if ( errno == ENOMEM ) abort( NO_MEMORY_MSG, tsize ); // no memory
[c4f68dc]	635	// Do not call strerror( errno ) as it may call malloc.
[31a5f418]	636	abort( "(Heap &)0x%p.doMalloc() : internal error, mmap failure, size:%zu errno:%d.", &heapManager, tsize, errno );
[92aca37]	637	} //if
[bcb14b5]	638	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	639	// Set new memory to garbage so subsequent uninitialized usages might fail.
[13fece5]	640	memset( block, '\xde', tsize );
[ad2dced]	641	//Memset( block, tsize );
[bcb14b5]	642	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[19e5d65d]	643	block->header.kind.real.blockSize = MarkMmappedBit( tsize ); // storage size for munmap
[bcb14b5]	644	} // if
[c4f68dc]	645
[9c438546]	646	block->header.kind.real.size = size; // store allocation size
[95eb7cf]	647	void * addr = &(block->data); // adjust off header to user bytes
[c1f38e6c]	648	verify( ((uintptr_t)addr & (libAlign() - 1)) == 0 ); // minimum alignment ?
[c4f68dc]	649
	650	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c1f38e6c]	651	__atomic_add_fetch( &allocUnfreed, tsize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[bcb14b5]	652	if ( traceHeap() ) {
	653	enum { BufferSize = 64 };
	654	char helpText[BufferSize];
[95eb7cf]	655	int len = snprintf( helpText, BufferSize, "%p = Malloc( %zu ) (allocated %zu)\n", addr, size, tsize );
	656	__cfaabi_bits_write( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, len ); // print debug/nodebug
[bcb14b5]	657	} // if
[c4f68dc]	658	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	659
[95eb7cf]	660	return addr;
[c4f68dc]	661	} // doMalloc
	662
	663
[9c438546]	664	static inline void doFree( void * addr ) with( heapManager ) {
[c4f68dc]	665	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[95eb7cf]	666	if ( unlikely( heapManager.heapBegin == 0p ) ) {
[bcb14b5]	667	abort( "doFree( %p ) : internal error, called before heap is initialized.", addr );
	668	} // if
[c4f68dc]	669	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	670
[31a5f418]	671	Heap.Storage.Header * header;
	672	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[b6830d74]	673	size_t size, alignment; // not used (see realloc)
[c4f68dc]	674
[b6830d74]	675	if ( headers( "free", addr, header, freeElem, size, alignment ) ) { // mmapped ?
[c4f68dc]	676	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	677	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.munmap_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	678	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.munmap_storage_request, header->kind.real.size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	679	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.munmap_storage_alloc, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	680	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	681	if ( munmap( header, size ) == -1 ) {
	682	abort( "Attempt to deallocate storage %p not allocated or with corrupt header.\n"
[bcb14b5]	683	"Possible cause is invalid pointer.",
	684	addr );
[c4f68dc]	685	} // if
[bcb14b5]	686	} else {
[c4f68dc]	687	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[bcb14b5]	688	// Set free memory to garbage so subsequent usages might fail.
[31a5f418]	689	memset( ((Heap.Storage *)header)->data, '\xde', freeElem->blockSize - sizeof( Heap.Storage ) );
	690	//Memset( ((Heap.Storage *)header)->data, freeElem->blockSize - sizeof( Heap.Storage ) );
[c4f68dc]	691	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	692
	693	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	694	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.free_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	695	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.free_storage_request, header->kind.real.size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	696	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.free_storage_alloc, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	697	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b38b22f]	698
[9c438546]	699	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[bcb14b5]	700	lock( freeElem->lock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 ); // acquire spin lock
	701	header->kind.real.next = freeElem->freeList; // push on stack
[31a5f418]	702	freeElem->freeList = (Heap.Storage *)header;
[bcb14b5]	703	unlock( freeElem->lock ); // release spin lock
[c4f68dc]	704	#else
[31a5f418]	705	push( freeElem->freeList, (Heap.Storage )header );
[9c438546]	706	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[bcb14b5]	707	} // if
[c4f68dc]	708
	709	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c1f38e6c]	710	__atomic_add_fetch( &allocUnfreed, -size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[bcb14b5]	711	if ( traceHeap() ) {
[92aca37]	712	char helpText[64];
[bcb14b5]	713	int len = snprintf( helpText, sizeof(helpText), "Free( %p ) size:%zu\n", addr, size );
[95eb7cf]	714	__cfaabi_bits_write( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, len ); // print debug/nodebug
[bcb14b5]	715	} // if
[c4f68dc]	716	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	717	} // doFree
	718
	719
[31a5f418]	720	size_t prtFree( Heap & manager ) with( manager ) {
[b6830d74]	721	size_t total = 0;
[c4f68dc]	722	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	723	__cfaabi_bits_acquire();
	724	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "\nBin lists (bin size : free blocks on list)\n" );
[c4f68dc]	725	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b6830d74]	726	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < maxBucketsUsed; i += 1 ) {
[d46ed6e]	727	size_t size = freeLists[i].blockSize;
	728	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	729	unsigned int N = 0;
	730	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b6830d74]	731
[9c438546]	732	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[31a5f418]	733	for ( Heap.Storage * p = freeLists[i].freeList; p != 0p; p = p->header.kind.real.next ) {
[d46ed6e]	734	#else
[b4aa1ab]	735	for(;;) {
[31a5f418]	736	// for ( Heap.Storage * p = top( freeLists[i].freeList ); p != 0p; p = (p)`next->top ) {
	737	// for ( Heap.Storage * p = top( freeLists[i].freeList ); p != 0p; /* p = getNext( p )->top */) {
	738	// Heap.Storage * temp = p->header.kind.real.next.top; // FIX ME: direct assignent fails, initialization works`
[7cfef0d]	739	// typeof(p) temp = (( p )`next)->top; // FIX ME: direct assignent fails, initialization works`
	740	// p = temp;
[9c438546]	741	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[d46ed6e]	742	total += size;
	743	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	744	N += 1;
	745	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b6830d74]	746	} // for
	747
[d46ed6e]	748	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	749	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "%7zu, %-7u ", size, N );
	750	if ( (i + 1) % 8 == 0 ) __cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "\n" );
[d46ed6e]	751	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	752	} // for
	753	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	754	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "\ntotal free blocks:%zu\n", total );
	755	__cfaabi_bits_release();
[d46ed6e]	756	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	757	return (char )heapEnd - (char )heapBegin - total;
[95eb7cf]	758	} // prtFree
	759
	760
[31a5f418]	761	static void ?{}( Heap & manager ) with( manager ) {
[ad2dced]	762	__page_size = sysconf( _SC_PAGESIZE );
	763	__map_prot = PROT_READ \| PROT_WRITE \| PROT_EXEC;
[95eb7cf]	764
	765	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < NoBucketSizes; i += 1 ) { // initialize the free lists
	766	freeLists[i].blockSize = bucketSizes[i];
	767	} // for
	768
	769	#ifdef FASTLOOKUP
	770	unsigned int idx = 0;
	771	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < LookupSizes; i += 1 ) {
	772	if ( i > bucketSizes[idx] ) idx += 1;
	773	lookup[i] = idx;
	774	} // for
	775	#endif // FASTLOOKUP
	776
[31a5f418]	777	if ( ! setMmapStart( malloc_mmap_start() ) ) {
	778	abort( "Heap : internal error, mmap start initialization failure." );
[95eb7cf]	779	} // if
[31a5f418]	780	heapExpand = malloc_expansion();
[95eb7cf]	781
[1e034d9]	782	char * end = (char *)sbrk( 0 );
[ad2dced]	783	heapBegin = heapEnd = sbrk( (char *)ceiling2( (long unsigned int)end, __page_size ) - end ); // move start of heap to multiple of alignment
[31a5f418]	784	} // Heap
[95eb7cf]	785
	786
[31a5f418]	787	static void ^?{}( Heap & ) {
[95eb7cf]	788	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[baf608a]	789	if ( traceHeapTerm() ) {
	790	printStats();
[92aca37]	791	// prtUnfreed() called in heapAppStop()
[baf608a]	792	} // if
[95eb7cf]	793	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	794	} // ~Heap
[95eb7cf]	795
	796
	797	static void memory_startup( void ) __attribute__(( constructor( STARTUP_PRIORITY_MEMORY ) ));
	798	void memory_startup( void ) {
	799	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[92aca37]	800	if ( heapBoot ) { // check for recursion during system boot
[95eb7cf]	801	abort( "boot() : internal error, recursively invoked during system boot." );
	802	} // if
	803	heapBoot = true;
	804	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	805
[c1f38e6c]	806	//verify( heapManager.heapBegin != 0 );
[95eb7cf]	807	//heapManager{};
[1076d05]	808	if ( heapManager.heapBegin == 0p ) heapManager{}; // sanity check
[95eb7cf]	809	} // memory_startup
	810
	811	static void memory_shutdown( void ) __attribute__(( destructor( STARTUP_PRIORITY_MEMORY ) ));
	812	void memory_shutdown( void ) {
	813	^heapManager{};
	814	} // memory_shutdown
[c4f68dc]	815
[bcb14b5]	816
	817	static inline void * mallocNoStats( size_t size ) { // necessary for malloc statistics
[92aca37]	818	verify( heapManager.heapBegin != 0p ); // called before memory_startup ?
[dd23e66]	819	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) return 0p; // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
[d5d3a90]	820
[76e2113]	821	#if __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 8
	822	verify( size < ((typeof(size_t))1 << 48) );
	823	#endif // __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 8
[d5d3a90]	824	return doMalloc( size );
[bcb14b5]	825	} // mallocNoStats
[c4f68dc]	826
	827
[92aca37]	828	static inline void * memalignNoStats( size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[dd23e66]	829	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) return 0p; // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
[d5d3a90]	830
[bcb14b5]	831	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[b6830d74]	832	checkAlign( alignment ); // check alignment
[bcb14b5]	833	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	834
[b6830d74]	835	// if alignment <= default alignment, do normal malloc as two headers are unnecessary
[bcb14b5]	836	if ( unlikely( alignment <= libAlign() ) ) return mallocNoStats( size );
[b6830d74]	837
	838	// Allocate enough storage to guarantee an address on the alignment boundary, and sufficient space before it for
	839	// administrative storage. NOTE, WHILE THERE ARE 2 HEADERS, THE FIRST ONE IS IMPLICITLY CREATED BY DOMALLOC.
	840	// .-------------v-----------------v----------------v----------,
	841	// \| Real Header \| ... padding ... \| Fake Header \| data ... \|
	842	// `-------------^-----------------^-+--------------^----------'
	843	// \|<--------------------------------' offset/align \|<-- alignment boundary
	844
	845	// subtract libAlign() because it is already the minimum alignment
	846	// add sizeof(Storage) for fake header
[31a5f418]	847	char * addr = (char *)mallocNoStats( size + alignment - libAlign() + sizeof(Heap.Storage) );
[b6830d74]	848
	849	// address in the block of the "next" alignment address
[31a5f418]	850	char * user = (char *)ceiling2( (uintptr_t)(addr + sizeof(Heap.Storage)), alignment );
[b6830d74]	851
	852	// address of header from malloc
[19e5d65d]	853	Heap.Storage.Header * RealHeader = HeaderAddr( addr );
	854	RealHeader->kind.real.size = size; // correct size to eliminate above alignment offset
[b6830d74]	855	// address of fake header * before* the alignment location
[19e5d65d]	856	Heap.Storage.Header * fakeHeader = HeaderAddr( user );
[b6830d74]	857	// SKULLDUGGERY: insert the offset to the start of the actual storage block and remember alignment
[19e5d65d]	858	fakeHeader->kind.fake.offset = (char )fakeHeader - (char )RealHeader;
[69ec0fb]	859	// SKULLDUGGERY: odd alignment implies fake header
[19e5d65d]	860	fakeHeader->kind.fake.alignment = MarkAlignmentBit( alignment );
[b6830d74]	861
	862	return user;
[bcb14b5]	863	} // memalignNoStats
[c4f68dc]	864
	865
[19e5d65d]	866	//####################### Memory Allocation Routines ####################
	867
	868
[c4f68dc]	869	extern "C" {
[61248a4]	870	// Allocates size bytes and returns a pointer to the allocated memory. The contents are undefined. If size is 0,
	871	// then malloc() returns a unique pointer value that can later be successfully passed to free().
[b6830d74]	872	void * malloc( size_t size ) {
[c4f68dc]	873	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	874	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
[31a5f418]	875	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.malloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	876	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.malloc_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	877	} else {
[31a5f418]	878	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.malloc_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	879	} // if
[c4f68dc]	880	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	881
[bcb14b5]	882	return mallocNoStats( size );
	883	} // malloc
[c4f68dc]	884
[76e2113]	885
[61248a4]	886	// Same as malloc() except size bytes is an array of dim elements each of elemSize bytes.
[76e2113]	887	void * aalloc( size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[92aca37]	888	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
[76e2113]	889	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	890	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
[31a5f418]	891	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.aalloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	892	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.aalloc_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	893	} else {
[31a5f418]	894	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.aalloc_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	895	} // if
[76e2113]	896	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	897
[92aca37]	898	return mallocNoStats( size );
[76e2113]	899	} // aalloc
	900
	901
[61248a4]	902	// Same as aalloc() with memory set to zero.
[76e2113]	903	void * calloc( size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[709b812]	904	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
	905	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) { // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
	906	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	907	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.calloc_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	908	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	909	return 0p;
	910	} // if
[c4f68dc]	911	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	912	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.calloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	913	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.calloc_storage_request, dim * elemSize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	914	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	915
[709b812]	916	char * addr = (char *)mallocNoStats( size );
	917
[31a5f418]	918	Heap.Storage.Header * header;
	919	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[709b812]	920	size_t bsize, alignment;
	921
	922	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	923	bool mapped =
	924	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	925	headers( "calloc", addr, header, freeElem, bsize, alignment );
	926
	927	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	928	// Mapped storage is zero filled, but in debug mode mapped memory is scrubbed in doMalloc, so it has to be reset to zero.
	929	if ( ! mapped )
	930	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	931	// <-------0000000000000000000000000000UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU> bsize (bucket size) U => undefined
	932	// `-header`-addr `-size
	933	memset( addr, '\0', size ); // set to zeros
	934
[19e5d65d]	935	MarkZeroFilledBit( header ); // mark as zero fill
[709b812]	936	return addr;
[bcb14b5]	937	} // calloc
[c4f68dc]	938
[92aca37]	939
[61248a4]	940	// Change the size of the memory block pointed to by oaddr to size bytes. The contents are undefined. If oaddr is
	941	// 0p, then the call is equivalent to malloc(size), for all values of size; if size is equal to zero, and oaddr is
	942	// not 0p, then the call is equivalent to free(oaddr). Unless oaddr is 0p, it must have been returned by an earlier
	943	// call to malloc(), alloc(), calloc() or realloc(). If the area pointed to was moved, a free(oaddr) is done.
[cfbc703d]	944	void * resize( void * oaddr, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	945	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	946	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	947	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	948	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	949	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	950	free( oaddr );
	951	return 0p;
	952	} // if
[cfbc703d]	953	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	954	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[cfbc703d]	955	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	956
[92aca37]	957	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	958	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	959	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	960	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	961	return mallocNoStats( size );
	962	} // if
[cfbc703d]	963
[31a5f418]	964	Heap.Storage.Header * header;
	965	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[92aca37]	966	size_t bsize, oalign;
[cfbc703d]	967	headers( "resize", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[92847f7]	968
[19e5d65d]	969	size_t odsize = DataStorage( bsize, oaddr, header ); // data storage available in bucket
[cfbc703d]	970	// same size, DO NOT preserve STICKY PROPERTIES.
[92847f7]	971	if ( oalign == libAlign() && size <= odsize && odsize <= size * 2 ) { // allow 50% wasted storage for smaller size
[19e5d65d]	972	ClearZeroFillBit( header ); // no alignment and turn off 0 fill
[d5d3a90]	973	header->kind.real.size = size; // reset allocation size
[cfbc703d]	974	return oaddr;
	975	} // if
[0f89d4f]	976
[92aca37]	977	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	978	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	979	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	980
[cfbc703d]	981	// change size, DO NOT preserve STICKY PROPERTIES.
	982	free( oaddr );
[d5d3a90]	983	return mallocNoStats( size ); // create new area
[cfbc703d]	984	} // resize
	985
	986
[61248a4]	987	// Same as resize() but the contents are unchanged in the range from the start of the region up to the minimum of
[cfbc703d]	988	// the old and new sizes.
[95eb7cf]	989	void * realloc( void * oaddr, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	990	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	991	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	992	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	993	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	994	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	995	free( oaddr );
	996	return 0p;
	997	} // if
[c4f68dc]	998	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	999	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	1000	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1001
[92aca37]	1002	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	1003	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1004	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	1005	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1006	return mallocNoStats( size );
	1007	} // if
[c4f68dc]	1008
[31a5f418]	1009	Heap.Storage.Header * header;
	1010	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[92aca37]	1011	size_t bsize, oalign;
[95eb7cf]	1012	headers( "realloc", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
	1013
[19e5d65d]	1014	size_t odsize = DataStorage( bsize, oaddr, header ); // data storage available in bucket
[d5d3a90]	1015	size_t osize = header->kind.real.size; // old allocation size
[19e5d65d]	1016	bool ozfill = ZeroFillBit( header ); // old allocation zero filled
[92847f7]	1017	if ( unlikely( size <= odsize ) && odsize <= size * 2 ) { // allow up to 50% wasted storage
[d5d3a90]	1018	header->kind.real.size = size; // reset allocation size
	1019	if ( unlikely( ozfill ) && size > osize ) { // previous request zero fill and larger ?
[e4b6b7d3]	1020	memset( (char *)oaddr + osize, '\0', size - osize ); // initialize added storage
[d5d3a90]	1021	} // if
[95eb7cf]	1022	return oaddr;
[c4f68dc]	1023	} // if
	1024
[92aca37]	1025	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1026	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	1027	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1028
[95eb7cf]	1029	// change size and copy old content to new storage
	1030
	1031	void * naddr;
[92847f7]	1032	if ( likely( oalign == libAlign() ) ) { // previous request not aligned ?
[d5d3a90]	1033	naddr = mallocNoStats( size ); // create new area
[c4f68dc]	1034	} else {
[d5d3a90]	1035	naddr = memalignNoStats( oalign, size ); // create new aligned area
[c4f68dc]	1036	} // if
[1e034d9]	1037
[95eb7cf]	1038	headers( "realloc", naddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[47dd0d2]	1039	memcpy( naddr, oaddr, min( osize, size ) ); // copy bytes
[95eb7cf]	1040	free( oaddr );
[d5d3a90]	1041
	1042	if ( unlikely( ozfill ) ) { // previous request zero fill ?
[19e5d65d]	1043	MarkZeroFilledBit( header ); // mark new request as zero filled
[d5d3a90]	1044	if ( size > osize ) { // previous request larger ?
[e4b6b7d3]	1045	memset( (char *)naddr + osize, '\0', size - osize ); // initialize added storage
[d5d3a90]	1046	} // if
	1047	} // if
[95eb7cf]	1048	return naddr;
[b6830d74]	1049	} // realloc
[c4f68dc]	1050
[c1f38e6c]	1051
[19e5d65d]	1052	// Same as realloc() except the new allocation size is large enough for an array of nelem elements of size elsize.
	1053	void * reallocarray( void * oaddr, size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
	1054	return realloc( oaddr, dim * elemSize );
	1055	} // reallocarray
	1056
	1057
[61248a4]	1058	// Same as malloc() except the memory address is a multiple of alignment, which must be a power of two. (obsolete)
[bcb14b5]	1059	void * memalign( size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[c4f68dc]	1060	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	1061	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
[31a5f418]	1062	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.memalign_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1063	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.memalign_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1064	} else {
[31a5f418]	1065	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.memalign_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1066	} // if
[c4f68dc]	1067	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1068
[95eb7cf]	1069	return memalignNoStats( alignment, size );
[bcb14b5]	1070	} // memalign
[c4f68dc]	1071
[95eb7cf]	1072
[76e2113]	1073	// Same as aalloc() with memory alignment.
	1074	void * amemalign( size_t alignment, size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[92aca37]	1075	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
[76e2113]	1076	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	1077	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
[31a5f418]	1078	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.cmemalign_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1079	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.cmemalign_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1080	} else {
[31a5f418]	1081	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.cmemalign_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1082	} // if
[76e2113]	1083	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1084
[92aca37]	1085	return memalignNoStats( alignment, size );
[76e2113]	1086	} // amemalign
	1087
	1088
[ca7949b]	1089	// Same as calloc() with memory alignment.
[76e2113]	1090	void * cmemalign( size_t alignment, size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[709b812]	1091	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
	1092	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) { // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
	1093	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1094	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.cmemalign_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1095	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1096	return 0p;
	1097	} // if
[95eb7cf]	1098	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1099	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.cmemalign_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1100	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.cmemalign_storage_request, dim * elemSize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[95eb7cf]	1101	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1102
[709b812]	1103	char * addr = (char *)memalignNoStats( alignment, size );
	1104
[31a5f418]	1105	Heap.Storage.Header * header;
	1106	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[709b812]	1107	size_t bsize;
	1108
	1109	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	1110	bool mapped =
	1111	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1112	headers( "cmemalign", addr, header, freeElem, bsize, alignment );
	1113
	1114	// Mapped storage is zero filled, but in debug mode mapped memory is scrubbed in doMalloc, so it has to be reset to zero.
	1115	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	1116	if ( ! mapped )
	1117	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1118	// <-------0000000000000000000000000000UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU> bsize (bucket size) U => undefined
	1119	// `-header`-addr `-size
	1120	memset( addr, '\0', size ); // set to zeros
	1121
[19e5d65d]	1122	MarkZeroFilledBit( header ); // mark as zero filled
[709b812]	1123	return addr;
[95eb7cf]	1124	} // cmemalign
	1125
[13fece5]	1126
[ca7949b]	1127	// Same as memalign(), but ISO/IEC 2011 C11 Section 7.22.2 states: the value of size shall be an integral multiple
[19e5d65d]	1128	// of alignment. This requirement is universally ignored.
[b6830d74]	1129	void * aligned_alloc( size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[c4f68dc]	1130	return memalign( alignment, size );
[b6830d74]	1131	} // aligned_alloc
[c4f68dc]	1132
	1133
[ca7949b]	1134	// Allocates size bytes and places the address of the allocated memory in *memptr. The address of the allocated
	1135	// memory shall be a multiple of alignment, which must be a power of two and a multiple of sizeof(void *). If size
	1136	// is 0, then posix_memalign() returns either 0p, or a unique pointer value that can later be successfully passed to
	1137	// free(3).
[b6830d74]	1138	int posix_memalign( void ** memptr, size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[69ec0fb]	1139	if ( unlikely( alignment < libAlign() \|\| ! is_pow2( alignment ) ) ) return EINVAL; // check alignment
[19e5d65d]	1140	*memptr = memalign( alignment, size );
[c4f68dc]	1141	return 0;
[b6830d74]	1142	} // posix_memalign
[c4f68dc]	1143
[13fece5]	1144
[ca7949b]	1145	// Allocates size bytes and returns a pointer to the allocated memory. The memory address shall be a multiple of the
	1146	// page size. It is equivalent to memalign(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE),size).
[b6830d74]	1147	void * valloc( size_t size ) {
[ad2dced]	1148	return memalign( __page_size, size );
[b6830d74]	1149	} // valloc
[c4f68dc]	1150
	1151
[ca7949b]	1152	// Same as valloc but rounds size to multiple of page size.
	1153	void * pvalloc( size_t size ) {
[19e5d65d]	1154	return memalign( __page_size, ceiling2( size, __page_size ) ); // round size to multiple of page size
[ca7949b]	1155	} // pvalloc
	1156
	1157
	1158	// Frees the memory space pointed to by ptr, which must have been returned by a previous call to malloc(), calloc()
[1076d05]	1159	// or realloc(). Otherwise, or if free(ptr) has already been called before, undefined behaviour occurs. If ptr is
[ca7949b]	1160	// 0p, no operation is performed.
[b6830d74]	1161	void free( void * addr ) {
[95eb7cf]	1162	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) { // special case
[709b812]	1163	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1164	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.free_null_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1165	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1166
[95eb7cf]	1167	// #ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	1168	// if ( traceHeap() ) {
	1169	// #define nullmsg "Free( 0x0 ) size:0\n"
[1e034d9]	1170	// // Do not debug print free( 0p ), as it can cause recursive entry from sprintf.
[95eb7cf]	1171	// __cfaabi_dbg_write( nullmsg, sizeof(nullmsg) - 1 );
	1172	// } // if
	1173	// #endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	1174	return;
	1175	} // exit
	1176
	1177	doFree( addr );
[b6830d74]	1178	} // free
[93c2e0a]	1179
[c4f68dc]	1180
[76e2113]	1181	// Returns the alignment of an allocation.
[b6830d74]	1182	size_t malloc_alignment( void * addr ) {
[95eb7cf]	1183	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return libAlign(); // minimum alignment
[19e5d65d]	1184	Heap.Storage.Header * header = HeaderAddr( addr );
	1185	if ( unlikely( AlignmentBit( header ) ) ) { // fake header ?
	1186	return ClearAlignmentBit( header ); // clear flag from value
[c4f68dc]	1187	} else {
[cfbc703d]	1188	return libAlign(); // minimum alignment
[c4f68dc]	1189	} // if
[bcb14b5]	1190	} // malloc_alignment
[c4f68dc]	1191
[92aca37]	1192
[76e2113]	1193	// Returns true if the allocation is zero filled, e.g., allocated by calloc().
[b6830d74]	1194	bool malloc_zero_fill( void * addr ) {
[95eb7cf]	1195	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return false; // null allocation is not zero fill
[19e5d65d]	1196	Heap.Storage.Header * header = HeaderAddr( addr );
	1197	if ( unlikely( AlignmentBit( header ) ) ) { // fake header ?
	1198	header = RealHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
[c4f68dc]	1199	} // if
[19e5d65d]	1200	return ZeroFillBit( header ); // zero filled ?
[bcb14b5]	1201	} // malloc_zero_fill
[c4f68dc]	1202
[19e5d65d]	1203
	1204	// Returns original total allocation size (not bucket size) => array size is dimension * sizeof(T).
[76e2113]	1205	size_t malloc_size( void * addr ) {
[849fb370]	1206	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return 0; // null allocation has zero size
[19e5d65d]	1207	Heap.Storage.Header * header = HeaderAddr( addr );
	1208	if ( unlikely( AlignmentBit( header ) ) ) { // fake header ?
	1209	header = RealHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
[cfbc703d]	1210	} // if
[9c438546]	1211	return header->kind.real.size;
[76e2113]	1212	} // malloc_size
	1213
[cfbc703d]	1214
[ca7949b]	1215	// Returns the number of usable bytes in the block pointed to by ptr, a pointer to a block of memory allocated by
	1216	// malloc or a related function.
[95eb7cf]	1217	size_t malloc_usable_size( void * addr ) {
	1218	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return 0; // null allocation has 0 size
[31a5f418]	1219	Heap.Storage.Header * header;
	1220	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[95eb7cf]	1221	size_t bsize, alignment;
	1222
	1223	headers( "malloc_usable_size", addr, header, freeElem, bsize, alignment );
[19e5d65d]	1224	return DataStorage( bsize, addr, header ); // data storage in bucket
[95eb7cf]	1225	} // malloc_usable_size
	1226
	1227
[ca7949b]	1228	// Prints (on default standard error) statistics about memory allocated by malloc and related functions.
[b6830d74]	1229	void malloc_stats( void ) {
[c4f68dc]	1230	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	1231	printStats();
[95eb7cf]	1232	if ( prtFree() ) prtFree( heapManager );
[c4f68dc]	1233	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	1234	} // malloc_stats
[c4f68dc]	1235
[92aca37]	1236
[19e5d65d]	1237	// Changes the file descriptor where malloc_stats() writes statistics.
[95eb7cf]	1238	int malloc_stats_fd( int fd __attribute__(( unused )) ) {
[c4f68dc]	1239	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	1240	int temp = stats_fd;
	1241	stats_fd = fd;
[bcb14b5]	1242	return temp;
[c4f68dc]	1243	#else
[19e5d65d]	1244	return -1; // unsupported
[c4f68dc]	1245	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	1246	} // malloc_stats_fd
[c4f68dc]	1247
[95eb7cf]	1248
[19e5d65d]	1249	// Prints an XML string that describes the current state of the memory-allocation implementation in the caller.
	1250	// The string is printed on the file stream stream. The exported string includes information about all arenas (see
	1251	// malloc).
	1252	int malloc_info( int options, FILE * stream __attribute__(( unused )) ) {
	1253	if ( options != 0 ) { errno = EINVAL; return -1; }
	1254	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1255	return printStatsXML( stream );
	1256	#else
	1257	return 0; // unsupported
	1258	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1259	} // malloc_info
	1260
	1261
[1076d05]	1262	// Adjusts parameters that control the behaviour of the memory-allocation functions (see malloc). The param argument
[ca7949b]	1263	// specifies the parameter to be modified, and value specifies the new value for that parameter.
[95eb7cf]	1264	int mallopt( int option, int value ) {
[19e5d65d]	1265	if ( value < 0 ) return 0;
[95eb7cf]	1266	choose( option ) {
	1267	case M_TOP_PAD:
[19e5d65d]	1268	heapExpand = ceiling2( value, __page_size );
	1269	return 1;
[95eb7cf]	1270	case M_MMAP_THRESHOLD:
	1271	if ( setMmapStart( value ) ) return 1;
[19e5d65d]	1272	} // choose
[95eb7cf]	1273	return 0; // error, unsupported
	1274	} // mallopt
	1275
[c1f38e6c]	1276
[ca7949b]	1277	// Attempt to release free memory at the top of the heap (by calling sbrk with a suitable argument).
[95eb7cf]	1278	int malloc_trim( size_t ) {
	1279	return 0; // => impossible to release memory
	1280	} // malloc_trim
	1281
	1282
[ca7949b]	1283	// Records the current state of all malloc internal bookkeeping variables (but not the actual contents of the heap
	1284	// or the state of malloc_hook functions pointers). The state is recorded in a system-dependent opaque data
	1285	// structure dynamically allocated via malloc, and a pointer to that data structure is returned as the function
	1286	// result. (The caller must free this memory.)
[c4f68dc]	1287	void * malloc_get_state( void ) {
[95eb7cf]	1288	return 0p; // unsupported
[c4f68dc]	1289	} // malloc_get_state
	1290
[bcb14b5]	1291
[ca7949b]	1292	// Restores the state of all malloc internal bookkeeping variables to the values recorded in the opaque data
	1293	// structure pointed to by state.
[92aca37]	1294	int malloc_set_state( void * ) {
[bcb14b5]	1295	return 0; // unsupported
[c4f68dc]	1296	} // malloc_set_state
[31a5f418]	1297
[19e5d65d]	1298
[31a5f418]	1299	// Sets the amount (bytes) to extend the heap when there is insufficent free storage to service an allocation.
	1300	__attribute__((weak)) size_t malloc_expansion() { return __CFA_DEFAULT_HEAP_EXPANSION__; }
	1301
	1302	// Sets the crossover point between allocations occuring in the sbrk area or separately mmapped.
	1303	__attribute__((weak)) size_t malloc_mmap_start() { return __CFA_DEFAULT_MMAP_START__; }
	1304
	1305	// Amount subtracted to adjust for unfreed program storage (debug only).
	1306	__attribute__((weak)) size_t malloc_unfreed() { return __CFA_DEFAULT_HEAP_UNFREED__; }
[c4f68dc]	1307	} // extern "C"
	1308
	1309
[95eb7cf]	1310	// Must have CFA linkage to overload with C linkage realloc.
[cfbc703d]	1311	void * resize( void * oaddr, size_t nalign, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	1312	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	1313	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	1314	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1315	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1316	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1317	free( oaddr );
	1318	return 0p;
	1319	} // if
[95eb7cf]	1320
[c86f587]	1321	if ( unlikely( nalign < libAlign() ) ) nalign = libAlign(); // reset alignment to minimum
	1322	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[709b812]	1323	else checkAlign( nalign ); // check alignment
[c86f587]	1324	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1325
[92aca37]	1326	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	1327	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1328	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1329	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	1330	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1331	return memalignNoStats( nalign, size );
	1332	} // if
[cfbc703d]	1333
[92847f7]	1334	// Attempt to reuse existing alignment.
[19e5d65d]	1335	Heap.Storage.Header * header = HeaderAddr( oaddr );
	1336	bool isFakeHeader = AlignmentBit( header ); // old fake header ?
[92847f7]	1337	size_t oalign;
[19e5d65d]	1338
	1339	if ( unlikely( isFakeHeader ) ) {
	1340	oalign = ClearAlignmentBit( header ); // old alignment
	1341	if ( unlikely( (uintptr_t)oaddr % nalign == 0 // lucky match ?
[92847f7]	1342	&& ( oalign <= nalign // going down
	1343	\|\| (oalign >= nalign && oalign <= 256) ) // little alignment storage wasted ?
[19e5d65d]	1344	) ) {
	1345	HeaderAddr( oaddr )->kind.fake.alignment = MarkAlignmentBit( nalign ); // update alignment (could be the same)
[31a5f418]	1346	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[92847f7]	1347	size_t bsize, oalign;
	1348	headers( "resize", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[19e5d65d]	1349	size_t odsize = DataStorage( bsize, oaddr, header ); // data storage available in bucket
[a3ade94]	1350
[92847f7]	1351	if ( size <= odsize && odsize <= size * 2 ) { // allow 50% wasted data storage
[19e5d65d]	1352	HeaderAddr( oaddr )->kind.fake.alignment = MarkAlignmentBit( nalign ); // update alignment (could be the same)
	1353	ClearZeroFillBit( header ); // turn off 0 fill
[92847f7]	1354	header->kind.real.size = size; // reset allocation size
	1355	return oaddr;
	1356	} // if
[cfbc703d]	1357	} // if
[92847f7]	1358	} else if ( ! isFakeHeader // old real header (aligned on libAlign) ?
	1359	&& nalign == libAlign() ) { // new alignment also on libAlign => no fake header needed
[113d785]	1360	return resize( oaddr, size ); // duplicate special case checks
[cfbc703d]	1361	} // if
	1362
[92aca37]	1363	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1364	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.resize_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	1365	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1366
[dd23e66]	1367	// change size, DO NOT preserve STICKY PROPERTIES.
[cfbc703d]	1368	free( oaddr );
[dd23e66]	1369	return memalignNoStats( nalign, size ); // create new aligned area
[cfbc703d]	1370	} // resize
	1371
	1372
	1373	void * realloc( void * oaddr, size_t nalign, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	1374	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	1375	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	1376	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1377	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_0_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[709b812]	1378	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1379	free( oaddr );
	1380	return 0p;
	1381	} // if
	1382
[c1f38e6c]	1383	if ( unlikely( nalign < libAlign() ) ) nalign = libAlign(); // reset alignment to minimum
[cfbc703d]	1384	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[709b812]	1385	else checkAlign( nalign ); // check alignment
[cfbc703d]	1386	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1387
[c86f587]	1388	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	1389	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1390	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1391	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c86f587]	1392	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1393	return memalignNoStats( nalign, size );
	1394	} // if
	1395
[92847f7]	1396	// Attempt to reuse existing alignment.
[19e5d65d]	1397	Heap.Storage.Header * header = HeaderAddr( oaddr );
	1398	bool isFakeHeader = AlignmentBit( header ); // old fake header ?
[92847f7]	1399	size_t oalign;
[19e5d65d]	1400	if ( unlikely( isFakeHeader ) ) {
	1401	oalign = ClearAlignmentBit( header ); // old alignment
	1402	if ( unlikely( (uintptr_t)oaddr % nalign == 0 // lucky match ?
[92847f7]	1403	&& ( oalign <= nalign // going down
	1404	\|\| (oalign >= nalign && oalign <= 256) ) // little alignment storage wasted ?
[19e5d65d]	1405	) ) {
	1406	HeaderAddr( oaddr )->kind.fake.alignment = MarkAlignmentBit( nalign ); // update alignment (could be the same)
	1407	return realloc( oaddr, size ); // duplicate special case checks
[92847f7]	1408	} // if
	1409	} else if ( ! isFakeHeader // old real header (aligned on libAlign) ?
[19e5d65d]	1410	&& nalign == libAlign() ) { // new alignment also on libAlign => no fake header needed
	1411	return realloc( oaddr, size ); // duplicate special case checks
	1412	} // if
[cfbc703d]	1413
[1e034d9]	1414	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[31a5f418]	1415	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1416	__atomic_add_fetch( &stats.realloc_storage_request, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[1e034d9]	1417	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1418
[31a5f418]	1419	Heap.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[92847f7]	1420	size_t bsize;
	1421	headers( "realloc", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
	1422
	1423	// change size and copy old content to new storage
	1424
[dd23e66]	1425	size_t osize = header->kind.real.size; // old allocation size
[19e5d65d]	1426	bool ozfill = ZeroFillBit( header ); // old allocation zero filled
[dd23e66]	1427
	1428	void * naddr = memalignNoStats( nalign, size ); // create new aligned area
[95eb7cf]	1429
[1e034d9]	1430	headers( "realloc", naddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[47dd0d2]	1431	memcpy( naddr, oaddr, min( osize, size ) ); // copy bytes
[1e034d9]	1432	free( oaddr );
[d5d3a90]	1433
	1434	if ( unlikely( ozfill ) ) { // previous request zero fill ?
[19e5d65d]	1435	MarkZeroFilledBit( header ); // mark new request as zero filled
[d5d3a90]	1436	if ( size > osize ) { // previous request larger ?
[e4b6b7d3]	1437	memset( (char *)naddr + osize, '\0', size - osize ); // initialize added storage
[d5d3a90]	1438	} // if
	1439	} // if
[1e034d9]	1440	return naddr;
[95eb7cf]	1441	} // realloc
	1442
	1443
[c4f68dc]	1444	// Local Variables: //
	1445	// tab-width: 4 //
[f8cd310]	1446	// compile-command: "cfa -nodebug -O2 heap.cfa" //
[c4f68dc]	1447	// End: //

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