source: libcfa/src/containers/queueLockFree.hfa@ 357fae8

#pragma once

#include <assert.h>

forall( T &) {
        //------------------------------------------------------------
        // Queue based on the MCS lock
        // It is a Multi-Producer/Single-Consumer queue threads pushing
        // elements must hold on to the elements they push
        // Not appropriate for an async message queue for example,
        struct mcs_queue {
                T * volatile tail;
        };

        static inline void ?{}(mcs_queue(T) & this) { this.tail = 0p; }
        static inline bool empty(const mcs_queue(T) & this) { return !this.tail; }

        static inline forall(| { T * volatile & ?`next ( T * ); })
        {
                // Adds an element to the list
                // Multi-Thread Safe, Lock-Free
                T * push(mcs_queue(T) & this, T & elem) {
                        /* paranoid */ verify(!(&elem)`next);
                        // Race to add to the tail
                        T * prev = __atomic_exchange_n(&this.tail, &elem, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
                        // If we aren't the first, we need to tell the person before us
                        // No need to
                        if (prev) prev`next = &elem;
                        return prev;
                }

                // Advances the head of the list, dropping the element given.
                // Passing an element that is not the head is undefined behavior
                // NOT Multi-Thread Safe, concurrent pushes are safe
                T * advance(mcs_queue(T) & this, T & elem) {
                        T * expected = &elem;
                        // Check if this is already the last item
                        if (__atomic_compare_exchange_n(&this.tail, &expected, 0p, false, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)) return 0p;

                        // If not wait for next item to show-up
                        // added by push
                        while (!(&elem)`next) Pause();
                        return (&elem)`next;
                }
        }

        //------------------------------------------------------------
        // Queue based on the MCS lock
        // Extension of the above lock which supports 'blind' pops.
        // i.e., popping a value from the head without knowing what the head is
        // has no extra guarantees beyond the mcs_queue
        struct mpsc_queue {
                inline mcs_queue(T);
                T * volatile head;
        };

        static inline void ?{}(mpsc_queue(T) & this) {
                ((mcs_queue(T)&)this){};
                this.head = 0p;
        }

        static inline forall(| { T * volatile & ?`next ( T * ); })
        {
                // Added a new element to the queue
                // Multi-Thread Safe, Lock-Free
                T * push(mpsc_queue(T) & this, T & elem) {
                        T * prev = push((mcs_queue(T)&)this, elem);
                        if (!prev) this.head = &elem;
                        return prev;
                }

                // Pop an element from the queue
                // return the element that was removed
                // next is set to the new head of the queue
                // NOT Multi-Thread Safe
                T * pop(mpsc_queue(T) & this, T *& next) {
                        T * elem = this.head;
                        // If head is empty just return
                        if (!elem) return 0p;

                        // If there is already someone in the list, then it's easy
                        if (elem`next) {
                                this.head = next = elem`next;
                                // force memory sync
                                __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
                        }
                        // Otherwise, there might be a race where it only looks but someone is enqueuing
                        else {
                                // null out head here, because we linearize with push
                                // at the CAS in advance and therefore can write to head
                                // after that point, it could overwrite the write in push
                                this.head = 0p;
                                next = advance((mcs_queue(T)&)this, (*elem));

                                // Only write to the head if there is a next element
                                // it is the only way we can guarantee we are not overwriting
                                // a write made in push
                                if (next) this.head = next;
                        }

                        // invalidate link
                        elem`next = 0p;

                        // return removed element
                        return elem;
                }

                // Same as previous function
                T * pop(mpsc_queue(T) & this) {
                        T * _ = 0p;
                        return pop(this, _);
                }
        }
}