Ignore:
Timestamp:
Apr 22, 2018, 9:49:50 AM (6 years ago)
Author:
Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>
Branches:
ADT, aaron-thesis, arm-eh, ast-experimental, cleanup-dtors, deferred_resn, demangler, enum, forall-pointer-decay, jacob/cs343-translation, jenkins-sandbox, master, new-ast, new-ast-unique-expr, new-env, no_list, persistent-indexer, pthread-emulation, qualifiedEnum, with_gc
Children:
22bdc34, da7fe39
Parents:
58caf150
Message:

updates

File:
1 edited

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  • doc/papers/general/Paper.tex

    r58caf150 rc8ad5d9  
    1 \documentclass[AMA,STIX1COL,STIXSMALL]{WileyNJD-v2}
     1\documentclass[AMA,STIX1COL]{WileyNJD-v2}
     2
    23\articletype{RESEARCH ARTICLE}%
    34
     
    1718\usepackage{upquote}                                            % switch curled `'" to straight
    1819\usepackage{listings}                                           % format program code
     20\captionsetup{justification=raggedright,singlelinecheck=false}
    1921%\usepackage{enumitem}
    2022%\setlist[itemize]{topsep=3pt,itemsep=2pt,parsep=0pt}% global
     
    2729\renewcommand{\linenumberfont}{\scriptsize\sffamily}
    2830
    29 \lefthyphenmin=4                                                        % hyphen only after 4 characters
    30 \righthyphenmin=4
     31\lefthyphenmin=3                                                        % hyphen only after 4 characters
     32\righthyphenmin=3
    3133
    3234%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
     
    8688\newcommand{\abbrevFont}{\textit}                       % set empty for no italics
    8789\@ifundefined{eg}{
    88 \newcommand{\EG}{\abbrevFont{e}.\abbrevFont{g}.}
     90\newcommand{\EG}{\abbrevFont{e}\abbrevFont{g}}
    8991\newcommand*{\eg}{%
    9092        \@ifnextchar{,}{\EG}%
     
    9395}}{}%
    9496\@ifundefined{ie}{
    95 \newcommand{\IE}{\abbrevFont{i}.\abbrevFont{e}.}
     97\newcommand{\IE}{\abbrevFont{i}\abbrevFont{e}}
    9698\newcommand*{\ie}{%
    9799        \@ifnextchar{,}{\IE}%
     
    129131\lstdefinelanguage{CFA}[ANSI]{C}{
    130132        morekeywords={
    131                 _Alignas, _Alignof, __alignof, __alignof__, asm, __asm, __asm__, _At, __attribute,
    132                 __attribute__, auto, _Bool, catch, catchResume, choose, _Complex, __complex, __complex__,
    133                 __const, __const__, disable, dtype, enable, exception, __extension__, fallthrough, fallthru,
    134                 finally, forall, ftype, _Generic, _Imaginary, inline, __label__, lvalue, _Noreturn, one_t,
    135                 otype, restrict, _Static_assert, throw, throwResume, trait, try, ttype, typeof, __typeof,
    136                 __typeof__, virtual, with, zero_t},
    137         morekeywords=[2]{
    138                 _Atomic, coroutine, is_coroutine, is_monitor, is_thread, monitor, mutex, nomutex, or,
    139                 resume, suspend, thread, _Thread_local, waitfor, when, yield},
     133                _Alignas, _Alignof, __alignof, __alignof__, asm, __asm, __asm__, __attribute, __attribute__,
     134                auto, _Bool, catch, catchResume, choose, _Complex, __complex, __complex__, __const, __const__,
     135                coroutine, disable, dtype, enable, exception, __extension__, fallthrough, fallthru, finally,
     136                __float80, float80, __float128, float128, forall, ftype, _Generic, _Imaginary, __imag, __imag__,
     137                inline, __inline, __inline__, __int128, int128, __label__, monitor, mutex, _Noreturn, one_t, or,
     138                otype, restrict, __restrict, __restrict__, __signed, __signed__, _Static_assert, thread,
     139                _Thread_local, throw, throwResume, timeout, trait, try, ttype, typeof, __typeof, __typeof__,
     140                virtual, __volatile, __volatile__, waitfor, when, with, zero_t},
    140141        moredirectives={defined,include_next}%
    141142}
     
    158159literate={-}{\makebox[1ex][c]{\raisebox{0.4ex}{\rule{0.8ex}{0.1ex}}}}1 {^}{\raisebox{0.6ex}{$\scriptstyle\land\,$}}1
    159160        {~}{\raisebox{0.3ex}{$\scriptstyle\sim\,$}}1 % {`}{\ttfamily\upshape\hspace*{-0.1ex}`}1
    160         {<-}{$\leftarrow$}2 {=>}{$\Rightarrow$}2 {->}{\makebox[1ex][c]{\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{0.8ex}{0.075ex}}}\kern-0.2ex{\textgreater}}2,
     161        {<-}{$\leftarrow$}2 {=>}{$\Rightarrow$}2 {->}{\makebox[1ex][c]{\raisebox{0.4ex}{\rule{0.8ex}{0.075ex}}}\kern-0.2ex{\textgreater}}2,
    161162moredelim=**[is][\color{red}]{`}{`},
    162163}% lstset
     
    180181\authormark{MOSS \textsc{et al}}
    181182
    182 \address[1]{\orgdiv{David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science}, \orgname{University of Waterloo}, \orgaddress{\state{Ontario}, \country{Canada}}}
    183 
    184 \corres{*Peter A. Buhr, \email{pabuhr{\char`\@}uwaterloo.ca}}
    185 \presentaddress{David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada}
    186 
     183\address[1]{\orgdiv{Cheriton School of Computer Science}, \orgname{University of Waterloo}, \orgaddress{\state{Waterloo, ON}, \country{Canada}}}
     184
     185\corres{*Peter A. Buhr, Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada. \email{pabuhr{\char`\@}uwaterloo.ca}}
     186
     187\fundingInfo{Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada}
    187188
    188189\abstract[Summary]{
     
    228229Nevertheless, C, first standardized over thirty years ago, lacks many features that make programming in more modern languages safer and more productive.
    229230
    230 \CFA (pronounced ``C-for-all'', and written \CFA or Cforall) is an evolutionary extension of the C programming language that aims to add modern language features to C while maintaining both source compatibility with C and a familiar programming model for programmers.
     231\CFA (pronounced ``C-for-all'', and written \CFA or Cforall) is an evolutionary extension of the C programming language that aims to add modern language features to C, while maintaining both source and runtime compatibility with C and a familiar programming model for programmers.
    231232The four key design goals for \CFA~\cite{Bilson03} are:
    232233(1) The behaviour of standard C code must remain the same when translated by a \CFA compiler as when translated by a C compiler;
     
    328329A simple example is leveraging the existing type-unsafe (@void *@) C @bsearch@ to binary search a sorted float array:
    329330\begin{cfa}
    330 void * bsearch( const void * key, const void * base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
    331                                          int (* compar)( const void *, const void * ));
     331void * bsearch( const void * key, const void * base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (* compar)( const void *, const void * ));
    332332int comp( const void * t1, const void * t2 ) {
    333333         return *(double *)t1 < *(double *)t2 ? -1 : *(double *)t2 < *(double *)t1 ? 1 : 0;
     
    336336double * val = (double *)bsearch( &key, vals, 10, sizeof(vals[0]), comp ); $\C{// search sorted array}$
    337337\end{cfa}
    338 which can be augmented simply with a generalized, type-safe, \CFA-overloaded wrappers:
     338which can be augmented simply with generalized, type-safe, \CFA-overloaded wrappers:
    339339\begin{cfa}
    340340forall( otype T | { int ?<?( T, T ); } ) T * bsearch( T key, const T * arr, size_t size ) {
     
    398398        T ?++( T * );
    399399};
    400 forall( otype T `| summable( T )` ) T sum( T a[$\,$], size_t size ) {  // use trait
     400forall( otype T `| summable( T )` ) T sum( T a[$\,$], size_t size ) {$\C{// use trait}$
    401401        `T` total = { `0` };                                    $\C{// instantiate T from 0 by calling its constructor}$
    402402        for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < size; i += 1 ) total `+=` a[i]; $\C{// select appropriate +}$
     
    576576        return (scalar(U)){ a.value + b.value };
    577577}
    578 scalar(metres) half_marathon = { 21093 };
    579 scalar(litres) swimming_pool = { 2500000 };
     578scalar(metres) half_marathon = { 21_093 };
     579scalar(litres) swimming_pool = { 2_500_000 };
    580580scalar(metres) marathon = half_marathon + half_marathon;
    581581scalar(litres) two_pools = swimming_pool + swimming_pool;
     
    724724\end{cfa}
    725725Here, the mass assignment sets all members of @s@ to zero.
    726 Since tuple-index expressions are a form of member-access expression, it is possible to use tuple-index expressions in conjunction with member tuple expressions to manually restructure a tuple (\eg rearrange, drop, and duplicate components).
     726Since tuple-index expressions are a form of member-access expression, it is possible to use tuple-index expressions in conjunction with member-tuple expressions to manually restructure a tuple (\eg rearrange, drop, and duplicate components).
    727727\begin{cfa}
    728728[int, int, long, double] x;
     
    18791879\lstDeleteShortInline@%
    18801880\begin{tabular}{@{}l@{\hspace{3em}}l|l@{}}
    1881 \multicolumn{1}{c@{\hspace{3em}}}{\textbf{C Type Nesting}}      & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{C Implicit Hoisting}}      & \multicolumn{1}{|c}{\textbf{\CFA}}    \\
     1881\multicolumn{1}{c@{\hspace{3em}}}{\textbf{C Type Nesting}}      & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textbf{C Implicit Hoisting}}     & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{\CFA}}     \\
    18821882\hline
    18831883\begin{cfa}
     
    20022002{
    20032003        VLA  x,            y = { 20, 0x01 },     z = y; $\C{// z points to y}$
    2004         //    ?{}( x );   ?{}( y, 20, 0x01 );    ?{}( z, y );
     2004        //      ?{}( x );   ?{}( y, 20, 0x01 );   ?{}( z, y );
    20052005        ^x{};                                                                   $\C{// deallocate x}$
    20062006        x{};                                                                    $\C{// reallocate x}$
     
    20272027These semantics closely mirror the rule for implicit declaration of constructors in \CC\cite[p.~186]{ANSI98:C++}.
    20282028
    2029 In some circumstance programmers may not wish to have constructor and destructor calls.
    2030 In these cases, \CFA provides the initialization syntax \lstinline|S x @= {}|, and the object becomes unmanaged, so implicit constructor and destructor calls are not generated.
    2031 Any C initializer can be the right-hand side of an \lstinline|@=| initializer, \eg \lstinline|VLA a @= { 0, 0x0 }|, with the usual C initialization semantics.
     2029In some circumstance programmers may not wish to have implicit constructor and destructor generation and calls.
     2030In these cases, \CFA provides the initialization syntax \lstinline|S x `@=` {}|, and the object becomes unmanaged, so implicit constructor and destructor calls are not generated.
     2031Any C initializer can be the right-hand side of an \lstinline|@=| initializer, \eg \lstinline|VLA a @= { 0, 0x0 }|, with the usual C initialization semantics.
     2032The same syntax can be used in a compound literal, \eg \lstinline|a = VLA`@`{ 0, 0x0 }|, to create a C-style literal.
    20322033The point of \lstinline|@=| is to provide a migration path from legacy C code to \CFA, by providing a mechanism to incrementally convert to implicit initialization.
    20332034
     
    20542055\begin{cfa}
    2055205620_`hh`     // signed char
    2056 21_`hh`u    // unsigned char
     205721_`hh`u   // unsigned char
    2057205822_`h`       // signed short int
    2058205923_u`h`     // unsigned short int
    2059 24`z`       // size_t
     206024`z`         // size_t
    20602061\end{cfa}
    20612062&
     
    20882089To provide this precision, \CFA introduces a new type @zero_t@ as the type of literal @0@ (somewhat analagous to @nullptr_t@ and @nullptr@ in \CCeleven);
    20892090@zero_t@ can only take the value @0@, but has implicit conversions to the integer and pointer types so that C code involving @0@ continues to work.
    2090 With this addition, \CFA rewrites @if (x)@ and similar expressions to @if ((x) != 0)@ or the appropriate analogue, and any type @T@ is ``truthy'' by defining an operator overload @int ?!=?(T, zero_t)@.
     2091With this addition, \CFA rewrites @if (x)@ and similar expressions to @if ( (x) != 0 )@ or the appropriate analogue, and any type @T@ is ``truthy'' by defining an operator overload @int ?!=?( T, zero_t )@.
    20912092\CC makes types truthy by adding a conversion to @bool@;
    20922093prior to the addition of explicit cast operators in \CCeleven, this approach had the pitfall of making truthy types transitively convertable to any numeric type;
     
    21632164\lstset{language=CFA,moredelim=**[is][\color{red}]{|}{|},deletedelim=**[is][]{`}{`}}
    21642165\lstDeleteShortInline@%
    2165 \begin{tabular}{@{}l@{\hspace{\parindentlnth}}l@{}}
    2166 \multicolumn{1}{c@{\hspace{\parindentlnth}}}{\textbf{\CFA}}     & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{\CC}}      \\
     2166\begin{tabular}{@{}l@{\hspace{2\parindentlnth}}l@{}}
     2167\multicolumn{1}{c@{\hspace{2\parindentlnth}}}{\textbf{\CFA}}    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{\CC}}      \\
    21672168\begin{cfa}
    21682169struct W {
     
    22602261\begin{cfa}
    22612262MIN
    2262 
    22632263MAX
    2264 
    22652264PI
    22662265E
     
    22682267&
    22692268\begin{cfa}
    2270 SCHAR_MIN, CHAR_MIN, SHRT_MIN, INT_MIN, LONG_MIN, LLONG_MIN,
    2271                 FLT_MIN, DBL_MIN, LDBL_MIN
    2272 SCHAR_MAX, UCHAR_MAX, SHRT_MAX, INT_MAX, LONG_MAX, LLONG_MAX,
    2273                 FLT_MAX, DBL_MAX, LDBL_MAX
     2269SCHAR_MIN, CHAR_MIN, SHRT_MIN, INT_MIN, LONG_MIN, LLONG_MIN, FLT_MIN, DBL_MIN, LDBL_MIN
     2270SCHAR_MAX, UCHAR_MAX, SHRT_MAX, INT_MAX, LONG_MAX, LLONG_MAX, FLT_MAX, DBL_MAX, LDBL_MAX
    22742271M_PI, M_PIl
    22752272M_E, M_El
     
    24442441ip = (int *)malloc( sizeof( int ) ); memset( ip, fill, dim * sizeof( int ) );
    24452442ip = (int *)realloc( ip, 2 * dim * sizeof( int ) );
    2446 ip = (int *)realloc( ip, 4 * dim * sizeof( int ) );
    2447                         memset( ip, fill, 4 * dim * sizeof( int ) );
     2443ip = (int *)realloc( ip, 4 * dim * sizeof( int ) ); memset( ip, fill, 4 * dim * sizeof( int ) );
     2444
    24482445ip = memalign( 16, sizeof( int ) );
    24492446ip = memalign( 16, sizeof( int ) ); memset( ip, fill, sizeof( int ) );
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