Index: driver/Makefile.am
===================================================================
--- driver/Makefile.am	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
+++ driver/Makefile.am	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+######################## -*- Mode: Makefile-Automake -*- ######################
+##
+## Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
+##
+## The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
+## file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
+##
+## Makefile.am --
+##
+## Author           : Peter A. Buhr
+## Created On       : Sun May 31 08:49:31 2015
+## Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
+## Last Modified On : Mon Apr 30 17:44:17 2018
+## Update Count     : 11
+###############################################################################
+
+# applies to both programs
+AM_CXXFLAGS = -Wall -O2 -g -std=c++14 -I${abs_top_srcdir}/src
+if BUILD_NO_LIB
+else
+AM_CXXFLAGS += -DHAVE_LIBCFA
+endif
+if BUILD_DEBUG
+AM_CXXFLAGS += -DHAVE_LIBCFA_DEBUG
+endif
+if BUILD_RELEASE
+AM_CXXFLAGS += -DHAVE_LIBCFA_RELEASE
+endif
+
+# don't install cfa directly
+noinst_PROGRAMS = cfa
+
+# use
+install-exec-hook:
+	@test -z "$(CFA_BINDIR)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(CFA_BINDIR)"
+	@echo " $(INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV) $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) cfa '$(CFA_BINDIR)/$(CFA_NAME)'"; \
+	$(INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV) $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) cfa $(CFA_BINDIR)/$(CFA_NAME) || exit $$?
+
+uninstall-hook:
+	@echo " ( cd '$(CFA_BINDIR)' && rm -f $(CFA_NAME) )"; \
+	cd "$(CFA_BINDIR)" && rm -f $(CFA_NAME)
+
+cfa_SOURCES = cfa.cc
+
+# put into lib for now
+cc1libdir = ${CFA_LIBDIR}
+cc1lib_PROGRAMS = cc1
+cc1_SOURCES = cc1.cc
+
+# cfa-cpp$(EXEEXT): $(top_builddir)/driver/cfa-cpp$(EXEEXT)
+# 	cp $(<) $(@)
+
+MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(CFA_BINDIR)/$(CFA_NAME) @CFA_PREFIX@/lib/${cc1lib_PROGRAMS}
Index: driver/Makefile.in
===================================================================
--- driver/Makefile.in	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
+++ driver/Makefile.in	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15 from Makefile.am.
+# @configure_input@
+
+# Copyright (C) 1994-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without
+# even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
+# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+@SET_MAKE@
+
+######################## -*- Mode: Makefile-Automake -*- ######################
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+    false; \
+  elif test -n '$(MAKE_HOST)'; then \
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+
+# applies to both programs
+AM_CXXFLAGS = -Wall -O2 -g -std=c++14 -I${abs_top_srcdir}/src \
+	$(am__append_1) $(am__append_2) $(am__append_3)
+cfa_SOURCES = cfa.cc
+
+# put into lib for now
+cc1libdir = ${CFA_LIBDIR}
+cc1_SOURCES = cc1.cc
+
+# cfa-cpp$(EXEEXT): $(top_builddir)/driver/cfa-cpp$(EXEEXT)
+# 	cp $(<) $(@)
+MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(CFA_BINDIR)/$(CFA_NAME) @CFA_PREFIX@/lib/${cc1lib_PROGRAMS}
+all: all-am
+
+.SUFFIXES:
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+	  case '$(am__configure_deps)' in \
+	    *$$dep*) \
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+	      exit 1;; \
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+	$(am__cd) $(top_srcdir) && \
+	  $(AUTOMAKE) --foreign driver/Makefile
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+	  *config.status*) \
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+	  *) \
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+	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
+	@list='$(cc1lib_PROGRAMS)'; test -n "$(cc1libdir)" || list=; \
+	if test -n "$$list"; then \
+	  echo " $(MKDIR_P) '$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)'"; \
+	  $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)" || exit 1; \
+	fi; \
+	for p in $$list; do echo "$$p $$p"; done | \
+	sed 's/$(EXEEXT)$$//' | \
+	while read p p1; do if test -f $$p \
+	  ; then echo "$$p"; echo "$$p"; else :; fi; \
+	done | \
+	sed -e 'p;s,.*/,,;n;h' \
+	    -e 's|.*|.|' \
+	    -e 'p;x;s,.*/,,;s/$(EXEEXT)$$//;$(transform);s/$$/$(EXEEXT)/' | \
+	sed 'N;N;N;s,\n, ,g' | \
+	$(AWK) 'BEGIN { files["."] = ""; dirs["."] = 1 } \
+	  { d=$$3; if (dirs[d] != 1) { print "d", d; dirs[d] = 1 } \
+	    if ($$2 == $$4) files[d] = files[d] " " $$1; \
+	    else { print "f", $$3 "/" $$4, $$1; } } \
+	  END { for (d in files) print "f", d, files[d] }' | \
+	while read type dir files; do \
+	    if test "$$dir" = .; then dir=; else dir=/$$dir; fi; \
+	    test -z "$$files" || { \
+	      echo " $(INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV) $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)$$dir'"; \
+	      $(INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV) $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)$$dir" || exit $$?; \
+	    } \
+	; done
+
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+	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
+	@list='$(cc1lib_PROGRAMS)'; test -n "$(cc1libdir)" || list=; \
+	files=`for p in $$list; do echo "$$p"; done | \
+	  sed -e 'h;s,^.*/,,;s/$(EXEEXT)$$//;$(transform)' \
+	      -e 's/$$/$(EXEEXT)/' \
+	`; \
+	test -n "$$list" || exit 0; \
+	echo " ( cd '$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)' && rm -f" $$files ")"; \
+	cd "$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)" && rm -f $$files
+
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+	-test -z "$(cc1lib_PROGRAMS)" || rm -f $(cc1lib_PROGRAMS)
+
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+	-test -z "$(noinst_PROGRAMS)" || rm -f $(noinst_PROGRAMS)
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+	$(AM_V_CXXLD)$(CXXLINK) $(cc1_OBJECTS) $(cc1_LDADD) $(LIBS)
+
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+	@rm -f cfa$(EXEEXT)
+	$(AM_V_CXXLD)$(CXXLINK) $(cfa_OBJECTS) $(cfa_LDADD) $(LIBS)
+
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+
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+
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+cscopelist: cscopelist-am
+
+cscopelist-am: $(am__tagged_files)
+	list='$(am__tagged_files)'; \
+	case "$(srcdir)" in \
+	  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*) sdir="$(srcdir)" ;; \
+	  *) sdir=$(subdir)/$(srcdir) ;; \
+	esac; \
+	for i in $$list; do \
+	  if test -f "$$i"; then \
+	    echo "$(subdir)/$$i"; \
+	  else \
+	    echo "$$sdir/$$i"; \
+	  fi; \
+	done >> $(top_builddir)/cscope.files
+
+distclean-tags:
+	-rm -f TAGS ID GTAGS GRTAGS GSYMS GPATH tags
+
+distdir: $(DISTFILES)
+	@srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \
+	topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \
+	list='$(DISTFILES)'; \
+	  dist_files=`for file in $$list; do echo $$file; done | \
+	  sed -e "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||;t" \
+	      -e "s|^$$topsrcdirstrip/|$(top_builddir)/|;t"`; \
+	case $$dist_files in \
+	  */*) $(MKDIR_P) `echo "$$dist_files" | \
+			   sed '/\//!d;s|^|$(distdir)/|;s,/[^/]*$$,,' | \
+			   sort -u` ;; \
+	esac; \
+	for file in $$dist_files; do \
+	  if test -f $$file || test -d $$file; then d=.; else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
+	  if test -d $$d/$$file; then \
+	    dir=`echo "/$$file" | sed -e 's,/[^/]*$$,,'`; \
+	    if test -d "$(distdir)/$$file"; then \
+	      find "$(distdir)/$$file" -type d ! -perm -700 -exec chmod u+rwx {} \;; \
+	    fi; \
+	    if test -d $(srcdir)/$$file && test $$d != $(srcdir); then \
+	      cp -fpR $(srcdir)/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
+	      find "$(distdir)/$$file" -type d ! -perm -700 -exec chmod u+rwx {} \;; \
+	    fi; \
+	    cp -fpR $$d/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
+	  else \
+	    test -f "$(distdir)/$$file" \
+	    || cp -p $$d/$$file "$(distdir)/$$file" \
+	    || exit 1; \
+	  fi; \
+	done
+check-am: all-am
+check: check-am
+all-am: Makefile $(PROGRAMS)
+installdirs:
+	for dir in "$(DESTDIR)$(cc1libdir)"; do \
+	  test -z "$$dir" || $(MKDIR_P) "$$dir"; \
+	done
+install: install-am
+install-exec: install-exec-am
+install-data: install-data-am
+uninstall: uninstall-am
+
+install-am: all-am
+	@$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) install-exec-am install-data-am
+
+installcheck: installcheck-am
+install-strip:
+	if test -z '$(STRIP)'; then \
+	  $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) INSTALL_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" \
+	    install_sh_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG=-s \
+	      install; \
+	else \
+	  $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) INSTALL_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" \
+	    install_sh_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG=-s \
+	    "INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV=STRIPPROG='$(STRIP)'" install; \
+	fi
+mostlyclean-generic:
+
+clean-generic:
+
+distclean-generic:
+	-test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)
+	-test . = "$(srcdir)" || test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)
+
+maintainer-clean-generic:
+	@echo "This command is intended for maintainers to use"
+	@echo "it deletes files that may require special tools to rebuild."
+	-test -z "$(MAINTAINERCLEANFILES)" || rm -f $(MAINTAINERCLEANFILES)
+clean: clean-am
+
+clean-am: clean-cc1libPROGRAMS clean-generic clean-noinstPROGRAMS \
+	mostlyclean-am
+
+distclean: distclean-am
+	-rm -rf ./$(DEPDIR)
+	-rm -f Makefile
+distclean-am: clean-am distclean-compile distclean-generic \
+	distclean-tags
+
+dvi: dvi-am
+
+dvi-am:
+
+html: html-am
+
+html-am:
+
+info: info-am
+
+info-am:
+
+install-data-am: install-cc1libPROGRAMS
+
+install-dvi: install-dvi-am
+
+install-dvi-am:
+
+install-exec-am:
+	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
+	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) install-exec-hook
+install-html: install-html-am
+
+install-html-am:
+
+install-info: install-info-am
+
+install-info-am:
+
+install-man:
+
+install-pdf: install-pdf-am
+
+install-pdf-am:
+
+install-ps: install-ps-am
+
+install-ps-am:
+
+installcheck-am:
+
+maintainer-clean: maintainer-clean-am
+	-rm -rf ./$(DEPDIR)
+	-rm -f Makefile
+maintainer-clean-am: distclean-am maintainer-clean-generic
+
+mostlyclean: mostlyclean-am
+
+mostlyclean-am: mostlyclean-compile mostlyclean-generic
+
+pdf: pdf-am
+
+pdf-am:
+
+ps: ps-am
+
+ps-am:
+
+uninstall-am: uninstall-cc1libPROGRAMS
+	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
+	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) uninstall-hook
+.MAKE: install-am install-exec-am install-strip uninstall-am
+
+.PHONY: CTAGS GTAGS TAGS all all-am check check-am clean \
+	clean-cc1libPROGRAMS clean-generic clean-noinstPROGRAMS \
+	cscopelist-am ctags ctags-am distclean distclean-compile \
+	distclean-generic distclean-tags distdir dvi dvi-am html \
+	html-am info info-am install install-am install-cc1libPROGRAMS \
+	install-data install-data-am install-dvi install-dvi-am \
+	install-exec install-exec-am install-exec-hook install-html \
+	install-html-am install-info install-info-am install-man \
+	install-pdf install-pdf-am install-ps install-ps-am \
+	install-strip installcheck installcheck-am installdirs \
+	maintainer-clean maintainer-clean-generic mostlyclean \
+	mostlyclean-compile mostlyclean-generic pdf pdf-am ps ps-am \
+	tags tags-am uninstall uninstall-am uninstall-cc1libPROGRAMS \
+	uninstall-hook
+
+.PRECIOUS: Makefile
+
+
+# use
+install-exec-hook:
+	@test -z "$(CFA_BINDIR)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(CFA_BINDIR)"
+	@echo " $(INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV) $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) cfa '$(CFA_BINDIR)/$(CFA_NAME)'"; \
+	$(INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV) $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) cfa $(CFA_BINDIR)/$(CFA_NAME) || exit $$?
+
+uninstall-hook:
+	@echo " ( cd '$(CFA_BINDIR)' && rm -f $(CFA_NAME) )"; \
+	cd "$(CFA_BINDIR)" && rm -f $(CFA_NAME)
+
+# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
+# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
+.NOEXPORT:
Index: driver/cc1.cc
===================================================================
--- driver/cc1.cc	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
+++ driver/cc1.cc	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+//
+// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
+//
+// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
+// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
+//
+// cc1.cc -- 
+//
+// Author           : Peter A. Buhr
+// Created On       : Fri Aug 26 14:23:51 2005
+// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
+// Last Modified On : Thu Jul 19 10:46:11 2018
+// Update Count     : 111
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+#include <cstdio>										// stderr, stdout, perror, fprintf
+#include <cstdlib>										// getenv, exit, mkstemp
+#include <unistd.h>										// execvp, fork, unlink
+#include <sys/wait.h>									// wait
+
+#include "config.h"										// configure info
+
+
+//#define __DEBUG_H__
+
+
+string compiler_name( CFA_BACKEND_CC );					// path/name of C compiler
+
+string D__GCC_X__( "-D__GCC_X__=" );
+string D__GCC_BPREFIX__( "-D__GCC_BPREFIX__=" );
+string D__CFA_FLAGPREFIX__( "-D__CFA_FLAG__=" );
+
+char tmpname[] = P_tmpdir "/CFAXXXXXX";
+int tmpfilefd = -1;
+
+
+bool prefix( string arg, string pre ) {
+	return arg.substr( 0, pre.size() ) == pre;
+} // prefix
+
+enum { NumSuffixes = 2 };
+const string suffixes[NumSuffixes] = { "cfa", "hfa", };
+
+bool suffix( string arg ) {
+	//std::cerr << arg << std::endl;
+	size_t dot = arg.find_last_of( "." );
+	//std::cerr << dot << " " << (dot != string::npos ? arg.substr( dot + 1 ) : "fred" ) << std::endl;
+	if ( dot == string::npos ) return false;
+	string sx = arg.substr( dot + 1 );
+	for ( int i = 0; i < NumSuffixes; i += 1 ) {
+		if ( sx == suffixes[i] ) return true;
+	} // for
+	return false;
+} // suffix
+
+
+void checkEnv( const char *args[], int &nargs ) {
+	char *value;
+
+	value = getenv( "__COMPILER__" );
+	if ( value != NULL ) {
+		compiler_name = value;
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "env arg:\"" << compiler_name << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+	} // if
+
+	value = getenv( "__GCC_MACHINE__" );
+	if ( value != NULL ) {
+		args[nargs] = ( *new string( value ) ).c_str(); // pass the argument along
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "env arg:\"" << args[nargs] << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // if
+
+	value = getenv( "__GCC_VERSION__" );
+	if ( value != NULL ) {
+		args[nargs] = ( *new string( value ) ).c_str(); // pass the argument along
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "env arg:\"" << args[nargs] << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // if
+} // checkEnv
+
+
+void rmtmpfile() {
+	if ( unlink( tmpname ) == -1 ) {					// remove tmpname
+		perror ( "CFA Translator error: cpp failed" );
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+	tmpfilefd = -1;										// mark closed
+} // rmtmpfile
+
+
+void sigTermHandler( __attribute__((unused)) int signal ) {
+	if ( tmpfilefd != -1 ) {							// RACE, file created ?
+		rmtmpfile();									// remove
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );							// terminate 
+	} // if
+} // sigTermHandler
+
+
+void Stage1( const int argc, const char * const argv[] ) {
+	int code;
+	int i;
+
+	string arg;
+	string bprefix;
+
+	const char *cpp_in = NULL;
+	const char *cpp_out = NULL;
+
+	bool CFA_flag = false;
+	bool cpp_flag = false;
+	const char *o_name = NULL;
+
+	const char *args[argc + 100];						// leave space for 100 additional cpp command line values
+	int nargs = 1;										// number of arguments in args list; 0 => command name
+	const char *cargs[20];								// leave space for 20 additional cfa-cpp command line values
+	int ncargs = 1;										// 0 => command name
+
+	signal( SIGINT,  sigTermHandler );
+	signal( SIGTERM, sigTermHandler );
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "Stage1" << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	// process all the arguments
+
+	checkEnv( args, nargs );							// arguments passed via environment variables
+
+	for ( i = 1; i < argc; i += 1 ) {
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "argv[" << i << "]:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		arg = argv[i];
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "arg:\"" << arg << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		if ( prefix( arg, "-" ) ) {
+			// strip g++ flags that are inappropriate or cause duplicates in subsequent passes
+
+			if ( arg == "-quiet" ) {
+			} else if ( arg == "-imultilib" || arg == "-imultiarch" ) {
+				i += 1;									// and the argument
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-A" ) ) {
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-D__GNU" ) ) {
+				//********
+				// GCC 5.6.0 SEPARATED THE -D FROM THE ARGUMENT!
+				//********
+			} else if ( arg == "-D" && prefix( argv[i + 1], "__GNU" ) ) {
+				i += 1;									// and the argument
+
+				// strip flags controlling cpp step
+
+			} else if ( arg == "-D__CPP__" ) {
+				cpp_flag = true;
+			} else if ( arg == "-D" && string( argv[i + 1] ) == "__CPP__" ) {
+				i += 1;									// and the argument
+				cpp_flag = true;
+			} else if ( arg == "-D__CFA_PREPROCESS__" ) {
+				CFA_flag = true;
+			} else if ( arg == "-D" && string( argv[i + 1] ) == "__CFA_PREPROCESS__" ) {
+				i += 1;									// and the argument
+				CFA_flag = true;
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, D__CFA_FLAGPREFIX__ ) ) {
+				cargs[ncargs] = ( *new string( arg.substr( D__CFA_FLAGPREFIX__.size() ) ) ).c_str();
+				ncargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-D" && prefix( argv[i + 1], D__CFA_FLAGPREFIX__.substr(2) ) ) {
+				cargs[ncargs] = ( *new string( string( argv[i + 1] ).substr( D__CFA_FLAGPREFIX__.size() - 2 ) ) ).c_str();
+				ncargs += 1;
+				i += 1;									// and the argument
+			// } else if ( prefix( arg, D__GCC_X__ ) ) {
+			// 	args[nargs] = "-x";
+			// 	nargs += 1;
+			// 	args[nargs] = ( *new string( arg.substr( D__GCC_X__.size() ) ) ).c_str(); // pass the flag along
+			// 	nargs += 1;
+			// } else if ( arg == "-D" && prefix( argv[i + 1], D__GCC_X__.substr(2) ) ) {
+			// 	args[nargs] = "-x";
+			// 	nargs += 1;
+			// 	args[nargs] = ( *new string( string( argv[i + 1] ).substr( D__GCC_X__.size() - 2 ) ) ).c_str(); // pass the flag along
+			// 	nargs += 1;
+			// 	i += 1;									// and the argument
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, D__GCC_BPREFIX__ ) ) {
+				bprefix = arg.substr( D__GCC_BPREFIX__.size() );
+			} else if ( arg == "-D" && prefix( argv[i + 1], D__GCC_BPREFIX__.substr(2) ) ) {
+				bprefix = string( argv[i + 1] ).substr( D__GCC_BPREFIX__.size() - 2 );
+				i += 1;									// and the argument
+
+			// all other flags
+
+			} else if ( arg == "-o" ) {
+				i += 1;
+				o_name = argv[i];
+			} else {
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the flag along
+				nargs += 1;
+				// CPP flags with an argument
+				if ( arg == "-D" || arg == "-U" || arg == "-I" || arg == "-MF" || arg == "-MT" || arg == "-MQ" ||
+					 arg == "-include" || arg == "-imacros" || arg == "-idirafter" || arg == "-iprefix" ||
+					 arg == "-iwithprefix" || arg == "-iwithprefixbefore" || arg == "-isystem" || arg == "-isysroot" ) {
+					i += 1;
+					args[nargs] = argv[i];				// pass the argument along
+					nargs += 1;
+					#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+					cerr << "argv[" << i << "]:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+					#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+				} else if ( arg == "-MD" || arg == "-MMD" ) {
+					args[nargs] = "-MF";				// insert before file
+					nargs += 1;
+					i += 1;
+					args[nargs] = argv[i];				// pass the argument along
+					nargs += 1;
+					#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+					cerr << "argv[" << i << "]:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+					#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+				} // if
+			} // if
+		} else {										// obtain input and possibly output files
+			if ( cpp_in == NULL ) {
+				cpp_in = argv[i];
+				#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+				cerr << "cpp_in:\"" << cpp_in << "\"" << endl;
+				#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+			} else if ( cpp_out == NULL ) {
+				cpp_out = argv[i];
+				#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+				cerr << "cpp_out:\"" << cpp_out << "\""<< endl;
+				#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+			} else {
+				cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " input-file [output-file] [options]" << endl;
+				exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+			} // if
+		} // if
+	} // for
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "args:";
+	for ( i = 1; i < nargs; i += 1 ) {
+		cerr << " " << args[i];
+	} // for
+	if ( cpp_in != NULL ) cerr << " " << cpp_in;
+	if ( cpp_out != NULL ) cerr << " " << cpp_out;
+	cerr << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	if ( cpp_in == NULL ) {
+		cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " input-file [output-file] [options]" << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	if ( cpp_flag ) {
+		// The -E flag is specified on the cfa command so only run the preprocessor and output is written to standard
+		// output or -o. The call to cfa has a -E so it does not have to be added to the argument list.
+
+		args[0] = compiler_name.c_str();
+		args[nargs] = cpp_in;
+		nargs += 1;
+		if ( o_name != NULL ) {							// location for output
+			args[nargs] = "-o";
+			nargs += 1;
+			args[nargs] = o_name;
+			nargs += 1;
+		} // if
+		args[nargs] = NULL;								// terminate argument list
+
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "nargs: " << nargs << endl;
+		for ( i = 0; args[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+			cerr << args[i] << " ";
+		} // for
+		cerr << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+		execvp( args[0], (char *const *)args );			// should not return
+		perror( "CFA Translator error: cpp level, execvp" );
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	// Create a temporary file to store output of the C preprocessor.
+
+	tmpfilefd = mkstemp( tmpname );
+	if ( tmpfilefd == -1 ) {
+		perror( "CFA Translator error: cpp level, mkstemp" );
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "tmpname:" << tmpname << " tmpfilefd:" << tmpfilefd << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	// Run the C preprocessor and save the output in tmpfile.
+
+	if ( fork() == 0 ) {								 // child process ?
+		// -o xxx.ii cannot be used to write the output file from cpp because no output file is created if cpp detects
+		// an error (e.g., cannot find include file). Whereas, output is always generated, even when there is an error,
+		// when cpp writes to stdout. Hence, stdout is redirected into the temporary file.
+		if ( freopen( tmpname, "w", stdout ) == NULL ) { // redirect stdout to tmpname
+			perror( "CFA Translator error: cpp level, freopen" );
+			exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+		} // if
+
+		args[0] = compiler_name.c_str();
+		if ( suffix( cpp_in ) ) {
+			args[nargs] = "-x";
+			nargs += 1;
+			args[nargs] = "c";
+			nargs += 1;
+		} // if
+		args[nargs] = cpp_in;							// input to cpp
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = NULL;								// terminate argument list
+
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "cpp nargs: " << nargs << endl;
+		for ( i = 0; args[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+			cerr << args[i] << " ";
+		} // for
+		cerr << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+		execvp( args[0], (char *const *)args );			// should not return
+		perror( "CFA Translator error: cpp level, execvp" );
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	wait( &code );										// wait for child to finish
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "return code from cpp:" << WEXITSTATUS(code) << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	if ( WIFSIGNALED(code) != 0 ) {						// child failed ?
+		rmtmpfile();									// remove tmpname
+		cerr << "CFA Translator error: cpp failed with signal " << WTERMSIG(code) << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	if ( WEXITSTATUS(code) != 0 ) {						// child error ?
+		rmtmpfile();									// remove tmpname
+		exit( WEXITSTATUS( code ) );					// do not continue
+	} // if
+
+	// If -CFA flag specified, run the cfa-cpp preprocessor on the temporary file, and output is written to standard
+	// output.  Otherwise, run the cfa-cpp preprocessor on the temporary file and save the result into the output file.
+
+	if ( fork() == 0 ) {								// child runs CFA
+		cargs[0] = ( *new string( bprefix + "/cfa-cpp" ) ).c_str();
+
+		// Source file-name used to generate routine names containing global initializations for TU.
+		cargs[ncargs] = ( *new string( "-F" ) ).c_str();
+		ncargs += 1;
+		cargs[ncargs] = ( *new string( string( cpp_in ) ) ).c_str();
+		ncargs += 1;
+
+		cargs[ncargs] = tmpname;
+		ncargs += 1;
+		if ( o_name != NULL ) {
+			cargs[ncargs] = o_name;
+			ncargs += 1;
+		} else if ( ! CFA_flag ) {						// run cfa-cpp ?
+			cargs[ncargs] = cpp_out;
+			ncargs += 1;
+		} // if
+		cargs[ncargs] = NULL;							// terminate argument list
+
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "cfa-cpp ncargs: " << o_name << " " << CFA_flag << " " << ncargs << endl;
+		for ( i = 0; cargs[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+			cerr << cargs[i] << " ";
+		} // for
+		cerr << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+		execvp( cargs[0], (char * const *)cargs );		// should not return
+		perror( "CFA Translator error: cpp level, execvp" );
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	wait( &code );										// wait for child to finish
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "return code from cfa-cpp:" << WEXITSTATUS(code) << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	// Must unlink here because file must exist across execvp.
+	rmtmpfile();										// remove tmpname
+
+	if ( WIFSIGNALED(code) ) {							// child failed ?
+		cerr << "CFA Translator error: cfa-cpp failed with signal " << WTERMSIG(code) << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	exit( WEXITSTATUS(code) );
+} // Stage1
+
+
+void Stage2( const int argc, const char * const * argv ) {
+	int i;
+
+	string arg;
+
+	const char *cpp_in = NULL;
+
+	const char *args[argc + 100];						// leave space for 100 additional cfa command line values
+	int nargs = 1;										// number of arguments in args list; 0 => command name
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "Stage2" << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	// process all the arguments
+
+	checkEnv( args, nargs );							// arguments passed via environment variables
+
+	for ( i = 1; i < argc; i += 1 ) {
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "argv[" << i << "]:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		arg = argv[i];
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "arg:\"" << arg << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		if ( prefix( arg, "-" ) ) {
+			// strip inappropriate flags
+
+			if ( arg == "-quiet" || arg == "-version" || arg == "-fpreprocessed" ||
+				// Currently CFA does not suppose precompiled .h files.
+				prefix( arg, "--output-pch" ) ) {
+
+				// strip inappropriate flags with an argument
+
+			} else if ( arg == "-auxbase" || arg == "-auxbase-strip" || arg == "-dumpbase" ) {
+				i += 1;
+				#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+				cerr << "arg:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+				#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+				// all other flags
+
+			} else {
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the flag along
+				nargs += 1;
+				if ( arg == "-o" ) {
+					i += 1;
+					args[nargs] = argv[i];				// pass the argument along
+					nargs += 1;
+					#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+					cerr << "arg:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+					#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+				} // if
+			} // if
+		} else {										// obtain input and possibly output files
+			if ( cpp_in == NULL ) {
+				cpp_in = argv[i];
+				#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+				cerr << "cpp_in:\"" << cpp_in << "\"" << endl;
+				#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+			} else {
+				cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " input-file [output-file] [options]" << endl;
+				exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+			} // if
+		} // if
+	} // for
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "args:";
+	for ( i = 1; i < nargs; i += 1 ) {
+		cerr << " " << args[i];
+	} // for
+	cerr << endl;
+	if ( cpp_in != NULL ) cerr << " " << cpp_in;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	args[0] = compiler_name.c_str();
+	args[nargs] = "-S";									// only compile and put assembler output in specified file
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = cpp_in;
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = NULL;									// terminate argument list
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "stage2 nargs: " << nargs << endl;
+	for ( i = 0; args[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+		cerr << args[i] << " ";
+	} // for
+	cerr << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	execvp( args[0], (char * const *)args );			// should not return
+	perror( "CFA Translator error: cpp level, execvp" );
+	exit( EXIT_FAILURE );								// tell gcc not to go any further
+} // Stage2
+
+
+int main( const int argc, const char * const argv[], __attribute__((unused)) const char * const env[] ) {
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	for ( int i = 0; env[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+		cerr << env[i] << endl;
+	} // for
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	string arg = argv[1];
+
+	// Currently, stage 1 starts with flag -E and stage 2 with flag -fpreprocessed.
+
+	if ( arg == "-E" ) {
+		Stage1( argc, argv );
+	} else if ( arg == "-fpreprocessed" ) {
+		Stage2( argc, argv );
+	} else {
+		cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " input-file [output-file] [options]" << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+} // main
+
+// Local Variables: //
+// tab-width: 4 //
+// mode: c++ //
+// compile-command: "make install" //
+// End: //
Index: driver/cfa.cc
===================================================================
--- driver/cfa.cc	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
+++ driver/cfa.cc	(revision bf71cfdb7285490eee552b461158846f626cc52f)
@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+//
+// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2015 University of Waterloo
+//
+// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
+// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
+//
+// cfa.cc --
+//
+// Author           : Peter A. Buhr
+// Created On       : Tue Aug 20 13:44:49 2002
+// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
+// Last Modified On : Fri Jul 13 17:40:12 2018
+// Update Count     : 258
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdio>										// perror
+#include <cstdlib>										// putenv, exit
+#include <unistd.h>										// execvp
+#include <string>										// STL version
+#include <string.h>										// strcmp
+
+#include "Common/SemanticError.h"
+#include "config.h"										// configure info
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+using std::string;
+using std::to_string;
+
+
+//#define __DEBUG_H__
+
+
+bool prefix( string arg, string pre ) {
+	return arg.substr( 0, pre.size() ) == pre;
+} // prefix
+
+enum { NumSuffixes = 2 };
+const string suffixes[NumSuffixes] = { "cfa", "hfa", };
+
+bool suffix( string arg ) {
+	//std::cerr << arg << std::endl;
+	size_t dot = arg.find_last_of( "." );
+	//std::cerr << dot << " " << (dot != string::npos ? arg.substr( dot + 1 ) : "fred" ) << std::endl;
+	if ( dot == string::npos ) return false;
+	string sx = arg.substr( dot + 1 );
+	for ( int i = 0; i < NumSuffixes; i += 1 ) {
+		if ( sx == suffixes[i] ) return true;
+	} // for
+	return false;
+} // suffix
+
+
+void shuffle( const char *args[], int S, int E, int N ) {
+	// S & E index 1 passed the end so adjust with -1
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "shuffle:" << S << " " << E << " " << N << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+	for ( int j = E-1 + N; j > S-1 + N; j -=1 ) {
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "\t" << j << " " << j-N << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		args[j] = args[j-N];
+	} // for
+} // shuffle
+
+
+#define str(s) #s
+
+int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) {
+	string Version( CFA_VERSION_LONG );					// current version number from CONFIG
+	string Major( str( CFA_VERSION_MAJOR ) ), Minor( str( CFA_VERSION_MINOR ) ), Patch( str( CFA_VERSION_PATCH ) );
+
+	string installincdir( CFA_INCDIR );					// fixed location of include files
+	string installlibdir( CFA_LIBDIR );					// fixed location of cc1 and cfa-cpp commands
+
+	string heading;										// banner printed at start of cfa compilation
+	string arg;											// current command-line argument during command-line parsing
+	string Bprefix;										// path where gcc looks for compiler command steps
+	string langstd;										// language standard
+
+	string compiler_path( CFA_BACKEND_CC );				// path/name of C compiler
+	string compiler_name;								// name of C compiler
+
+	bool nonoptarg = false;								// indicates non-option argument specified
+	bool link = true;									// linking as well as compiling
+	bool verbose = false;								// -v flag
+	bool quiet = false;									// -quiet flag
+	bool debug = true;									// -debug flag
+	bool help = false;									// -help flag
+	bool CFA_flag = false;								// -CFA flag
+	bool cpp_flag = false;								// -E or -M flag, preprocessor only
+	bool std_flag = false;								// -std= flag
+	bool noincstd_flag = false;							// -no-include-stdhdr= flag
+	bool xflag = false;									// user supplied -x flag
+	bool debugging __attribute(( unused )) = false;		// -g flag
+
+	const char *args[argc + 100];						// cfa command line values, plus some space for additional flags
+	int sargs = 1;										// starting location for arguments in args list
+	int nargs = sargs;									// number of arguments in args list; 0 => command name
+
+	const char *libs[argc + 20];						// non-user libraries must come separately, plus some added libraries and flags
+	int nlibs = 0;
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "CFA:" << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	// process command-line arguments
+
+	for ( int i = 1; i < argc; i += 1 ) {
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "argv[" << i << "]:\"" << argv[i] << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		arg = argv[i];									// convert to string value
+		#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+		cerr << "arg:\"" << arg << "\"" << endl;
+		#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+		if ( prefix( arg, "-" ) ) {
+			// pass through arguments
+
+			if ( arg == "-Xlinker" || arg == "-o" ) {
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+				i += 1;
+				if ( i == argc ) continue;				// next argument available ?
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-XCFA" ) {				// CFA pass through
+				i += 1;
+				args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_FLAG__=") + argv[i] ) ).c_str();
+				nargs += 1;
+
+				// CFA specific arguments
+
+			} else if ( arg == "-CFA" ) {
+				CFA_flag = true;						// strip the -CFA flag
+				link = false;
+				args[nargs] = "-E";						// replace the argument with -E
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-debug" ) {
+				debug = true;							// strip the debug flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-nodebug" ) {
+				debug = false;							// strip the nodebug flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-quiet" ) {
+				quiet = true;							// strip the quiet flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-noquiet" ) {
+				quiet = false;							// strip the noquiet flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-help" ) {
+				help = true;							// strip the help flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-nohelp" ) {
+				help = false;							// strip the nohelp flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-no-include-stdhdr" ) {
+				noincstd_flag = true;					// strip the no-include-stdhdr flag
+			} else if ( arg == "-compiler" ) {
+				// use the user specified compiler
+				i += 1;
+				if ( i == argc ) continue;				// next argument available ?
+				compiler_path = argv[i];
+				if ( putenv( (char *)( *new string( string( "__U_COMPILER__=" ) + argv[i]) ).c_str() ) != 0 ) {
+					cerr << argv[0] << " error, cannot set environment variable." << endl;
+					exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+				} // if
+
+				// C specific arguments
+
+			} else if ( arg == "-v" ) {
+				verbose = true;							// verbosity required
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-g" ) {
+				debugging = true;						// symbolic debugging required
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-std=" ) || prefix( arg, "--std=" ) ) {
+				std_flag = true;						// -std=XX provided
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-x" ) {
+				xflag = true;
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+				i += 1;									// advance to argument
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+				// args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__GCC_X__=") + argv[i] ) ).c_str(); // add the argument for -x
+				// nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-x" ) ) {
+				xflag = true;
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+				// args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__GCC_X__=") + arg.substr(2) ) ).c_str(); // add the argument for -x
+				// nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-w" ) {
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+				args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_FLAG__=") + arg ) ).c_str(); // add the argument for cfa-cpp
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-W" ) ) {			// check before next tests
+				if ( arg == "-Werror" || arg == "-Wall" ) {
+					args[nargs] = argv[i];				// pass the argument along
+					nargs += 1;
+					args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_FLAG__=") + arg ) ).c_str(); // add the argument for cfa-cpp
+					nargs += 1;
+				} else {
+					unsigned int adv = prefix( arg, "-Wno-" ) ? 5 : 2;
+					args[nargs] = argv[i];				// conditionally pass the argument along
+					const char * warning = argv[i] + adv;	  // extract warning
+					if ( SemanticWarning_Exist( warning ) ) { // replace the argument for cfa-cpp
+						args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_FLAG__=") + arg ) ).c_str();
+					} // if
+					nargs += 1;
+				} // if
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-B" ) ) {
+				Bprefix = arg.substr(2);				// strip the -B flag
+				args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__GCC_BPREFIX__=") + Bprefix ) ).c_str();
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-b" ) ) {
+				if ( arg.length() == 2 ) {				// separate argument ?
+					i += 1;
+					if ( i == argc ) continue;			// next argument available ?
+					arg += argv[i];						// concatenate argument
+				} // if
+				// later versions of gcc require the -b option to appear at the start of the command line
+				shuffle( args, sargs, nargs, 1 );		// make room at front of argument list
+				args[sargs] = ( *new string( arg ) ).c_str(); // pass the argument along
+				if ( putenv( (char *)( *new string( string( "__GCC_MACHINE__=" ) + arg ) ).c_str() ) != 0 ) {
+					cerr << argv[0] << " error, cannot set environment variable." << endl;
+					exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+				} // if
+				sargs += 1;
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( prefix( arg, "-V" ) ) {
+				if ( arg.length() == 2 ) {				// separate argument ?
+					i += 1;
+					if ( i == argc ) continue;			// next argument available ?
+					arg += argv[i];						// concatenate argument
+				} // if
+				// later versions of gcc require the -V option to appear at the start of the command line
+				shuffle( args, sargs, nargs, 1 );		// make room at front of argument list
+				args[sargs] = ( *new string( arg ) ).c_str(); // pass the argument along
+				if ( putenv( (char *)( *new string( string( "__GCC_VERSION__=" ) + arg ) ).c_str() ) != 0 ) {
+					cerr << argv[0] << " error, cannot set environment variable." << endl;
+					exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+				} // if
+				sargs += 1;
+				nargs += 1;
+			} else if ( arg == "-c" || arg == "-S" || arg == "-E" || arg == "-M" || arg == "-MM" ) {
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];					// pass the argument along
+				nargs += 1;
+				if ( arg == "-E" || arg == "-M" || arg == "-MM" ) {
+					cpp_flag = true;					// cpp only
+				} // if
+				link = false;                           // no linkage required
+			} else if ( arg[1] == 'l' ) {
+				// if the user specifies a library, load it after user code
+				libs[nlibs] = argv[i];
+				nlibs += 1;
+			} else {
+				// concatenate any other arguments
+				args[nargs] = argv[i];
+				nargs += 1;
+			} // if
+		} else {
+			bool opt = false;
+			if ( ! xflag && suffix( arg ) ) {
+				args[nargs] = "-x";
+				nargs += 1;
+				args[nargs] = "c";
+				nargs += 1;
+				// args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__GCC_X__=c") ) ).c_str(); // add the argument for -x
+				// nargs += 1;
+				opt = true;
+			} // if
+			// concatenate other arguments
+			args[nargs] = argv[i];
+			nargs += 1;
+			if ( opt ) {
+				args[nargs] = "-x";
+				nargs += 1;
+				args[nargs] = "none";
+				nargs += 1;
+				// args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__GCC_X__=none") ) ).c_str(); // add the argument for -x
+				// nargs += 1;
+			} // if
+			nonoptarg = true;
+			xflag = false;
+		} // if
+	} // for
+
+	#ifdef __x86_64__
+	args[nargs] = "-mcx16";								// allow double-wide CAA
+	nargs += 1;
+	#endif // __x86_64__
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "args:";
+	for ( int i = 1; i < nargs; i += 1 ) {
+		cerr << " " << args[i];
+	} // for
+	cerr << endl;
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	if ( cpp_flag && CFA_flag ) {
+		cerr << argv[0] << " error, cannot use -E and -CFA flags together." << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	// add the CFA include-library paths, which allow direct access to header files without directory qualification
+	args[nargs] = "-I" CFA_INCDIR;
+	nargs += 1;
+	if ( ! noincstd_flag ) {							// do not use during build
+		args[nargs] = "-I" CFA_INCDIR "/stdhdr";
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // if
+	args[nargs] = "-I" CFA_INCDIR "/concurrency";
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = "-I" CFA_INCDIR "/containers";
+	nargs += 1;
+
+	#ifdef HAVE_LIBCFA
+	if ( link ) {
+		#if ! defined(HAVE_LIBCFA_RELEASE)
+		if ( ! debug ) {
+			cerr << "error: Option -nodebug is unavailable, libcfa was not installed." << endl;
+			exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+		} // if
+		#endif
+		#if ! defined(HAVE_LIBCFA_DEBUG)
+		if ( debug ) {
+			cerr << "error: Option -debug is unavailable, libcfa-d was not installed." << endl;
+			exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+		} // if
+		#endif
+
+		args[nargs] = "-Xlinker";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "--undefined=__cfaabi_dbg_bits_write";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-Xlinker";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "--undefined=__cfaabi_interpose_startup";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-Xlinker";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "--undefined=__cfaabi_appready_startup";
+		nargs += 1;
+
+		// include the cfa library in case it's needed
+		args[nargs] = "-L" CFA_LIBDIR;
+		nargs += 1;
+		if ( debug ) {
+			args[nargs] = "-lcfa-d";
+		} else {
+			args[nargs] = "-lcfa";
+		} // if
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-lpthread";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-ldl";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-lrt";
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // if
+	#endif // HAVE_LIBCFA
+
+	// Add exception flags (unconditionally)
+	args[nargs] = "-fexceptions";
+	nargs += 1;
+
+	// add the correct set of flags based on the type of compile this is
+
+	args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_MAJOR__=") + Major ) ).c_str();
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_MINOR__=") + Minor ) ).c_str();
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__CFA_PATCH__=") + Patch ) ).c_str();
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = "-D__CFA__";
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = "-D__CFORALL__";
+	nargs += 1;
+	args[nargs] = "-D__cforall";
+	nargs += 1;
+
+	if ( cpp_flag ) {
+		args[nargs] = "-D__CPP__";
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // if
+
+	shuffle( args, sargs, nargs, 1 );					// make room at front of argument list
+	nargs += 1;
+	if ( CFA_flag ) {
+		args[sargs] = "-D__CFA_FLAG__=-N";
+		args[nargs] = "-D__CFA_PREPROCESS_";
+		nargs += 1;
+	} else {
+		args[sargs] = "-D__CFA_FLAG__=-L";
+	} // if
+	sargs += 1;
+
+	if ( debug ) {
+		heading += " (debug)";
+		args[nargs] = "-D__CFA_DEBUG__";
+		nargs += 1;
+	} else {
+		heading += " (no debug)";
+	} // if
+
+	if ( Bprefix.length() == 0 ) {
+		Bprefix = installlibdir;
+		args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-D__GCC_BPREFIX__=") + Bprefix ) ).c_str();
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // if
+
+    args[nargs] = "-Xlinker";							// used by backtrace
+    nargs += 1;
+    args[nargs] = "-export-dynamic";
+    nargs += 1;
+
+	// execute the compilation command
+
+	args[0] = compiler_path.c_str();					// set compiler command for exec
+	// find actual name of the compiler independent of the path to it
+	int p = compiler_path.find_last_of( '/' );			// scan r -> l for first '/'
+	if ( p == -1 ) {
+		compiler_name = compiler_path;
+	} else {
+		compiler_name = *new string( compiler_path.substr( p + 1 ) );
+	} // if
+
+	if ( prefix( compiler_name, "gcc" ) ) {				// allow suffix on gcc name
+		args[nargs] = "-no-integrated-cpp";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-Wno-deprecated";
+		nargs += 1;
+		if ( ! std_flag ) {								// default c11, if none specified
+			args[nargs] = "-std=gnu11";
+			nargs += 1;
+		} // if
+		args[nargs] = "-fgnu89-inline";
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-D__int8_t_defined";				// prevent gcc type-size attributes
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = ( *new string( string("-B") + Bprefix + "/" ) ).c_str();
+		nargs += 1;
+		args[nargs] = "-lm";
+		nargs += 1;
+	} else {
+		cerr << argv[0] << " error, compiler \"" << compiler_name << "\" unsupported." << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	for ( int i = 0; i < nlibs; i += 1 ) {				// copy non-user libraries after all user libraries
+		args[nargs] = libs[i];
+		nargs += 1;
+	} // for
+
+	args[nargs] = NULL;									// terminate with NULL
+
+	#ifdef __DEBUG_H__
+	cerr << "nargs: " << nargs << endl;
+	cerr << "args:" << endl;
+	for ( int i = 0; args[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+		cerr << " \"" << args[i] << "\"" << endl;
+	} // for
+	#endif // __DEBUG_H__
+
+	if ( ! quiet ) {
+		cerr << "CFA " << "Version " << Version << heading << endl;
+
+		if ( help ) {
+			cerr <<
+				"-debug\t\t\t: use cfa runtime with debug checking" << endl <<
+				"-help\t\t\t: print this help message" << endl <<
+				"-quiet\t\t\t: print no messages from the cfa command" << endl <<
+				"-CFA\t\t\t: run the cpp preprocessor and the cfa-cpp translator" << endl <<
+				"-XCFA -cfa-cpp-flag\t: pass next flag as-is to the cfa-cpp translator" << endl <<
+				"...\t\t\t: any other " << compiler_name << " flags" << endl;
+		} // if
+	} // if
+
+	if ( verbose ) {
+		if ( argc == 2 ) exit( EXIT_SUCCESS );			// if only the -v flag is specified, do not invoke gcc
+
+		for ( int i = 0; args[i] != NULL; i += 1 ) {
+			cerr << args[i] << " ";
+		} // for
+		cerr << endl;
+	} // if
+
+	if ( ! nonoptarg ) {
+		cerr << argv[0] << " error, no input files" << endl;
+		exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+	} // if
+
+	// execute the command and return the result
+
+	execvp( args[0], (char *const *)args );				// should not return
+	perror( "CFA Translator error: cfa level, execvp" );
+	exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
+} // main
+
+// Local Variables: //
+// tab-width: 4 //
+// mode: c++ //
+// compile-command: "make install" //
+// End: //