Index: tests/list/.expect/dlist-insert-remove.txt
===================================================================
--- tests/list/.expect/dlist-insert-remove.txt	(revision fe1025d427473003dff3f5f7c209a733aaf93108)
+++ tests/list/.expect/dlist-insert-remove.txt	(revision 8d462e5fbe93ecaca49836ea2d2073ea7090ea1e)
@@ -1464,2 +1464,316 @@
 0.7
 -
+
+~~~~~~~~~~ End removal tests on Headed List: First ~~~~~~~~~~
+
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Test 16-i.  Modifying Freds on MINE
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+==== fred by MINE before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by MINE after 
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+2.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS after 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by MINE after 
+1.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+-
+-
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Test 16-ii.  Modifying Freds on YOURS
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+==== fred by MINE before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by MINE after 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS after 
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+2.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS after 
+1.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+-
+-
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Test 16-iii.  Modifying Maries
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+==== mary before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== mary after 
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+2.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+-
+==== mary after 
+1.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+-
+-
+
+~~~~~~~~~~ End removal tests on Headed List: Last ~~~~~~~~~~
+
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Test 17-i.  Modifying Freds on MINE
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+==== fred by MINE before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by MINE after 
+1.7
+2.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+2.7
+-
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS after 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by MINE after 
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+-
+-
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Test 17-ii.  Modifying Freds on YOURS
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+==== fred by MINE before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by MINE after 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS after 
+1.7
+2.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+2.7
+-
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== fred by YOURS after 
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+-
+-
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Test 17-iii.  Modifying Maries
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+==== mary before 
+1.7
+2.7
+3.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== mary after 
+1.7
+2.7
+-
+1.7
+-
+2.7
+-
+2.7
+1.7
+-
+==== mary after 
+3.7
+-
+3.7
+-
+-
+-
Index: tests/list/dlist-insert-remove.cfa
===================================================================
--- tests/list/dlist-insert-remove.cfa	(revision fe1025d427473003dff3f5f7c209a733aaf93108)
+++ tests/list/dlist-insert-remove.cfa	(revision 8d462e5fbe93ecaca49836ea2d2073ea7090ea1e)
@@ -1187,4 +1187,214 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
+// Section 4f
+//
+// Test cases of pop_first, pop_last
+//
+// Example of call-side user code
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// These cases assume element removal at first-last is correct
+
+void test__pop_first__fred_mine() {
+
+	fred f1 = {1.7};
+	fred f2 = {2.7};
+	fred f3 = {3.7};
+
+	dlist(fred_in_mine, fred) flm;
+	insert_last(flm, f1);
+	insert_last(flm, f2);
+	insert_last(flm, f3);
+
+	dlist(fred_in_yours, fred) fly;
+	insert_last(fly, f1);
+	insert_last(fly, f2);
+	insert_last(fly, f3);
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 1);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 1);   // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	fred & popped = pop_first(flm);
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 0);     // 2.7, 3.7;       2.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7      (modified)
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 0);   // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 (unmodified)
+
+	// observe f1 is now solo in mine; in yours, it was just traversed
+	printMyFreddies(f1, *0p, 0);    // 1.7; 1.7; ;
+
+	assert( &popped == & f1 );
+}
+
+void test__pop_first__fred_yours() {
+
+	fred f1 = {1.7};
+	fred f2 = {2.7};
+	fred f3 = {3.7};
+
+	dlist(fred_in_mine, fred) flm;
+	insert_last(flm, f1);
+	insert_last(flm, f2);
+	insert_last(flm, f3);
+
+	dlist(fred_in_yours, fred) fly;
+	insert_last(fly, f1);
+	insert_last(fly, f2);
+	insert_last(fly, f3);
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 1);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 1);   // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	fred & popped = pop_first(fly);
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 0);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 (unmodified)
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 0);   // 2.7, 3.7;       2.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7      (modified)
+
+	// observe f1 is now solo in yours; in mine, it was just traversed
+	printYourFreddies(f1, *0p, 0);    // 1.7; 1.7; ;
+
+	assert( &popped == &f1 );
+}
+
+void test__pop_first__maries() {
+
+	mary m1 = {1.7};
+	mary m2 = {2.7};
+	mary m3 = {3.7};
+
+	dlist(mary, mary) ml;
+	insert_last(ml, m1);
+	insert_last(ml, m2);
+	insert_last(ml, m3);
+
+	printMariatheotokos(ml`first, ml`last, 1);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+
+	verify(validate(ml));
+
+	mary & popped = pop_first(ml);
+
+	verify(validate(ml));
+
+	printMariatheotokos(ml`first, ml`last, 0);     // 2.7, 3.7;       2.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7      (modified)
+
+	// observe m1 is now solo
+	printMariatheotokos(m1, *0p, 0);               // 1.7; 1.7; ;
+
+	assert( &popped == &m1 );
+}
+
+void test__pop_last__fred_mine() {
+
+	fred f1 = {1.7};
+	fred f2 = {2.7};
+	fred f3 = {3.7};
+
+	dlist(fred_in_mine, fred) flm;
+	insert_last(flm, f1);
+	insert_last(flm, f2);
+	insert_last(flm, f3);
+
+	dlist(fred_in_yours, fred) fly;
+	insert_last(fly, f1);
+	insert_last(fly, f2);
+	insert_last(fly, f3);
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 1);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 1);   // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	fred & popped = pop_last(flm);
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 0);     // 1.7, 2.7;       1.7;  2.7;  2.7, 1.7      (modified)
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 0);   // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 (unmodified)
+
+	// observe f3 is now solo in mine; in yours, it was just traversed
+	printMyFreddies(f3, *0p, 0);    // 3.7; 3.7; ;
+
+	assert( &popped == & f3 );
+}
+
+void test__pop_last__fred_yours() {
+
+	fred f1 = {1.7};
+	fred f2 = {2.7};
+	fred f3 = {3.7};
+
+	dlist(fred_in_mine, fred) flm;
+	insert_last(flm, f1);
+	insert_last(flm, f2);
+	insert_last(flm, f3);
+
+	dlist(fred_in_yours, fred) fly;
+	insert_last(fly, f1);
+	insert_last(fly, f2);
+	insert_last(fly, f3);
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 1);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 1);   // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	fred & popped = pop_last(fly);
+
+	verify(validate(fly));
+	verify(validate(flm));
+
+	printMyFreddies(flm`first, flm`last, 0);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 (unmodified)
+	printYourFreddies(fly`first, fly`last, 0);   // 1.7, 2.7;       1.7;  2.7;  2.7, 1.7      (modified)
+
+	// observe f3 is now solo in yours; in mine, it was just traversed
+	printYourFreddies(f3, *0p, 0);    // 3.7; 3.7; ;
+
+	assert( &popped == & f3 );
+}
+
+void test__pop_last__maries() {
+
+	mary m1 = {1.7};
+	mary m2 = {2.7};
+	mary m3 = {3.7};
+
+	dlist(mary, mary) ml;
+	insert_last(ml, m1);
+	insert_last(ml, m2);
+	insert_last(ml, m3);
+
+	printMariatheotokos(ml`first, ml`last, 1);     // 1.7, 2.7, 3.7;  1.7;  3.7;  3.7, 2.7, 1.7 
+
+	verify(validate(ml));
+
+	mary & popped = pop_last(ml);
+
+	verify(validate(ml));
+
+	printMariatheotokos(ml`first, ml`last, 0);     // 1.7, 1.7;       1.7;  2.7;  2.7, 1.7      (modified)
+
+	// observe m1 is now solo
+	printMariatheotokos(m3, *0p, 0);               // 3.7; 3.7; ;
+
+	assert( &popped == &m3 );
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
 // Section 5
 //
@@ -1422,4 +1632,42 @@
 	test__remove_of_sole__mary();
 
+	sout | "";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~ End removal tests on Headed List: First ~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "";
+
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "Test 16-i.  Modifying Freds on MINE";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	test__pop_first__fred_mine();
+
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "Test 16-ii.  Modifying Freds on YOURS";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	test__pop_first__fred_yours();
+
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "Test 16-iii.  Modifying Maries";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	test__pop_first__maries();
+
+	sout | "";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~ End removal tests on Headed List: Last ~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "";
+
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "Test 17-i.  Modifying Freds on MINE";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	test__pop_last__fred_mine();
+
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "Test 17-ii.  Modifying Freds on YOURS";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	test__pop_last__fred_yours();
+
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	sout | "Test 17-iii.  Modifying Maries";
+	sout | "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~";
+	test__pop_last__maries();
+
 	return 0;
 }