Index: doc/papers/concurrency/Paper.tex =================================================================== --- doc/papers/concurrency/Paper.tex (revision c4fd4ef79cef1612a97ce467b6d38124c5580f0e) +++ doc/papers/concurrency/Paper.tex (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -248,8 +248,8 @@ } -\newbox\myboxA -\newbox\myboxB -\newbox\myboxC -\newbox\myboxD +\newsavebox{\myboxA} +\newsavebox{\myboxB} +\newsavebox{\myboxC} +\newsavebox{\myboxD} \title{\texorpdfstring{Advanced Control-flow and Concurrency in \protect\CFA}{Advanced Control-flow in Cforall}} @@ -2967,7 +2967,8 @@ \lstset{language=CFA,moredelim=**[is][\color{red}]{@}{@},deletedelim=**[is][]{`}{`}} \begin{cfa}[aboveskip=0pt,belowskip=0pt] -@coroutine@ C {} c; -void main( C & ) { while () { @suspend;@ } } +@coroutine@ C {}; +void main( C & ) { for () { @suspend;@ } } int main() { // coroutine test + C c; BENCH( for ( N ) { @resume( c );@ } ) sout | result; @@ -2989,5 +2990,5 @@ \multicolumn{1}{@{}c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Median} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Average} & \multicolumn{1}{c@{}}{Std Dev} \\ C function & 1.8 & 1.8 & 0.0 \\ -\CFA generator & 1.8 & 1.8 & 0.1 \\ +\CFA generator & 1.8 & 2.0 & 0.3 \\ \CFA coroutine & 32.5 & 32.9 & 0.8 \\ \CFA thread & 93.8 & 93.6 & 2.2 \\ Index: doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/Makefile =================================================================== --- doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/Makefile (revision c4fd4ef79cef1612a97ce467b6d38124c5580f0e) +++ doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/Makefile (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ TEXSRC=$(wildcard *.tex) BIBSRC=$(wildcard *.bib) +STYSRC=$(wildcard *.sty) +CLSSRC=$(wildcard *.cls) TEXLIB= .:${BUILD}: BIBLIB= .:../../bibliography @@ -24,5 +26,5 @@ all: ${DOC} -${BUILD}/${DOC}: ${TEXSRC} ${BIBSRC} Makefile | ${BUILD} +${BUILD}/${DOC}: ${TEXSRC} ${BIBSRC} ${STYSRC} ${CLSSRC} Makefile | ${BUILD} ${LATEX} ${BASE} ${BIBTEX} ${BUILD}/${BASE} Index: doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/cfalab.sty =================================================================== --- doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/cfalab.sty (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) +++ doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/cfalab.sty (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +% Package for CFA Research Lab. +% +% Made by combining and updating + +% I don't know what the oldest LaTeX2e version with everything needed is. +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} +\ProvidesPackage{cfalab}[2020/03/09 v0.1 CFA Laboratory LaTeX Tools] + +% Other packages required. +\RequirePackage{etoolbox} +\RequirePackage{xspace} + +% Symbols: All symbols are zero argument robust commands with special rules +% about the space following the c.s. token. Normally the space might be +% re-added according to the rules of the xspace package. They may be followed +% by a star (which the command will consume) to disable this behaviour. + +% \newsymbolcmd{}{} +% Defines to be a symbol that has the given . +\newrobustcmd*\newsymbolcmd[2]{\newrobustcmd{#1}{\cfalab@symbol{#2}}} +\def\cfalab@symbol#1{\@ifnextchar*{#1\cfalab@eatstar}{#1\xspace}} +\def\cfalab@eatstar*{} + +% Cforall with the forall symbol. +\newsymbolcmd\CFA{\textsf{C}\raisebox{\depth}{\rotatebox{180}{\textsf{A}}}} + +\newcommand\codeC[1]{\texttt{#1}} + +\endinput Index: doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/thesis.tex =================================================================== --- doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/thesis.tex (revision c4fd4ef79cef1612a97ce467b6d38124c5580f0e) +++ doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/thesis.tex (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -1,84 +1,66 @@ -% uWaterloo Thesis Template for LaTeX -% Last Updated June 14, 2017 by Stephen Carr, IST Client Services -% FOR ASSISTANCE, please send mail to rt-IST-CSmathsci@ist.uwaterloo.ca - -% Effective October 2006, the University of Waterloo -% requires electronic thesis submission. See the uWaterloo thesis regulations at -% https://uwaterloo.ca/graduate-studies/thesis. - -% DON'T FORGET TO ADD YOUR OWN NAME AND TITLE in the "hyperref" package -% configuration. THIS INFORMATION GETS EMBEDDED IN THE FINAL PDF DOCUMENT. -% You can view the information if you view Properties of the PDF document. - -% Many faculties/departments also require one or more printed -% copies. This template attempts to satisfy both types of output. -% It is based on the standard "book" document class which provides all -% necessary sectioning structures and allows multi-part theses. - -% DISCLAIMER -% To the best of our knowledge, this template satisfies the current uWaterloo -% requirements. However, it is your responsibility to assure that you have met -% all requirements of the University and your particular department. -% Many thanks for the feedback from many graduates that assisted the -% development of this template. - -% ----------------------------------------------------------------------- - -% By default, output is produced that is geared toward generating a PDF -% version optimized for viewing on an electronic display, including -% hyperlinks within the PDF. - -% E.g. to process a thesis called "mythesis.tex" based on this template, run: - -% pdflatex mythesis -- first pass of the pdflatex processor -% bibtex mythesis -- generates bibliography from .bib data file(s) -% makeindex -- should be run only if an index is used -% pdflatex mythesis -- fixes numbering in cross-references, -% pdflatex mythesis -- bibliographic references, glossaries, index, etc. - -% N.B. The "pdftex" program allows graphics in the following formats to be -% included with the "\includegraphics" command: PNG, PDF, JPEG, TIFF -% Tip 1: Generate your figures and photos in the size you want them to appear -% in your thesis, rather than scaling them with \includegraphics options. -% Tip 2: Any drawings you do should be in scalable vector graphic formats: -% SVG, PNG, WMF, EPS and then converted to PNG or PDF, so they are scalable in -% the final PDF as well. -% Tip 3: Photographs should be cropped and compressed so as not to be too large. - -% To create a PDF output that is optimized for double-sided printing: -% -% 1) comment-out the \documentclass statement in the preamble below, and -% un-comment the second \documentclass line. -% -% 2) change the value assigned below to the boolean variable -% "PrintVersion" from "false" to "true". - -% --------------------- Start of Document Preamble ----------------------- - -% Specify the document class, default style attributes, and page dimensions -% For hyperlinked PDF, suitable for viewing on a computer, use this: -\documentclass[letterpaper,12pt,titlepage,oneside,final]{book} - -% For PDF, suitable for double-sided printing, change the PrintVersion -% variable below to "true" and use this \documentclass line instead of the one -% above: -%\documentclass[letterpaper,12pt,titlepage,openright,twoside,final]{book} - -% Some LaTeX commands I define for my own nomenclature. -% If you have to, it's better to change nomenclature once here than in a -% million places throughout your thesis! -\newcommand{\package}[1]{\textbf{#1}} % package names in bold text -\newcommand{\cmmd}[1]{\textbackslash\texttt{#1}} % command name in tt font -\newcommand{\href}[1]{#1} % does nothing, but defines the command so the - % print-optimized version will ignore \href tags (redefined by hyperref pkg). -%\newcommand{\texorpdfstring}[2]{#1} % does nothing, but defines the command -% Anything defined here may be redefined by packages added below... - -% This package allows if-then-else control structures. -\usepackage{ifthen} -\newboolean{PrintVersion} -\setboolean{PrintVersion}{false} -% CHANGE THIS VALUE TO "true" as necessary, to improve printed results for -% hard copies by overriding some options of the hyperref package below. +% Main tex file for thesis document. +\documentclass[digital]{uw-ethesis} +\usepackage{comment} +\usepackage{fullpage} +\setlength{\textheight}{8.75in} +\renewcommand\labelitemi{\footnotesize$\bullet$} % shrink bullet for level 1 itemize +\usepackage{lmodern} % bold typewriter font + +\usepackage{listings} % format program code +% Default underscore is too low and wide. Cannot use lstlisting "literate" as replacing underscore +% removes it as a variable-name character so keywords in variables are highlighted. MUST APPEAR +% AFTER HYPERREF. +%\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\textunderscore}{\leavevmode\makebox[1.2ex][c]{\rule{1ex}{0.1ex}}} +\renewcommand{\textunderscore}{\leavevmode\makebox[1.2ex][c]{\rule{1ex}{0.075ex}}} +% parindent is relative, i.e., toggled on/off in environments like itemize, so store the value for +% use rather than use \parident directly. +\newlength{\parindentlnth} +\setlength{\parindentlnth}{\parindent} + +% CFA programming language, based on ANSI C (with some gcc additions) +\lstdefinelanguage{CFA}[ANSI]{C}{ + morekeywords={ + _Alignas, _Alignof, __alignof, __alignof__, asm, __asm, __asm__, __attribute, __attribute__, + auto, _Bool, catch, catchResume, choose, _Complex, __complex, __complex__, __const, __const__, + coroutine, disable, dtype, enable, exception, __extension__, fallthrough, fallthru, finally, + __float80, float80, __float128, float128, forall, ftype, generator, _Generic, _Imaginary, __imag, __imag__, + inline, __inline, __inline__, __int128, int128, __label__, monitor, mutex, _Noreturn, one_t, or, + otype, restrict, resume, __restrict, __restrict__, __signed, __signed__, _Static_assert, suspend, thread, + _Thread_local, throw, throwResume, timeout, trait, try, ttype, typeof, __typeof, __typeof__, + virtual, __volatile, __volatile__, waitfor, when, with, zero_t}, + moredirectives={defined,include_next}, + % replace/adjust listing characters that look bad in sanserif + literate={-}{\makebox[1ex][c]{\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{0.8ex}{0.1ex}}}}1 {^}{\raisebox{0.6ex}{$\scriptstyle\land\,$}}1 + {~}{\raisebox{0.3ex}{$\scriptstyle\sim\,$}}1 % {`}{\ttfamily\upshape\hspace*{-0.1ex}`}1 + {<}{\textrm{\textless}}1 {>}{\textrm{\textgreater}}1 + {<-}{$\leftarrow$}2 {=>}{$\Rightarrow$}2 {->}{\makebox[1ex][c]{\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{0.8ex}{0.075ex}}}\kern-0.2ex{\textrm{\textgreater}}}2, +} + +\lstset{ +language=CFA, +columns=fullflexible, +basicstyle=\linespread{0.9}\tt, % reduce line spacing and use sanserif font +stringstyle=\tt, % use typewriter font +tabsize=5, % N space tabbing +xleftmargin=\parindentlnth, % indent code to paragraph indentation +%mathescape=true, % LaTeX math escape in CFA code $...$ +escapechar=\$, % LaTeX escape in CFA code +keepspaces=true, +showstringspaces=false, % do not show spaces with cup +showlines=true, % show blank lines at end of code +aboveskip=4pt, % spacing above/below code block +belowskip=3pt, +moredelim=**[is][\color{red}]{`}{`}, +}% lstset + +\lstnewenvironment{cfa}[1][] +{\lstset{#1}} +{} +% inline code @...@ + +% Commands used in documenting how to use the template. To remove. +\newcommand{\package}[1]{\textbf{#1}} +\newcommand{\cmmd}[1]{\textbackslash\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\href}[1]{#1} % For a nomenclature (optional; available from ctan.org) @@ -86,97 +68,23 @@ % Lots of math symbols and environments \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amstext} -% For including graphics N.B. pdftex graphics driver +% For including graphics, sets the pdftex graphics driver. \usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx} -% I believe the general index function is covered by the glossaries. -% \usepackage{makeidx} -% \makeindex - -% Hyperlinks make it very easy to navigate an electronic document. -% In addition, this is where you should specify the thesis title -% and author as they appear in the properties of the PDF document. -% Use the "hyperref" package -% N.B. HYPERREF MUST BE THE LAST PACKAGE LOADED; ADD ADDITIONAL PKGS ABOVE -% N.B. pagebackref=true provides links back from the References to the body -% text. This can cause trouble for printing. -\usepackage[pdftex,pagebackref=false]{hyperref} % with basic options -\hypersetup{ - plainpages=false, % needed if Roman numbers in frontpages - unicode=false, % non-Latin characters in Acrobat’s bookmarks - pdftoolbar=true, % show Acrobat’s toolbar? - pdfmenubar=true, % show Acrobat’s menu? - pdffitwindow=false, % window fit to page when opened - pdfstartview={FitH}, % fits the width of the page to the window - pdftitle={uWaterloo\ LaTeX\ Thesis\ Template}, % title: CHANGE THIS TEXT! -% pdfauthor={Author}, % author: CHANGE THIS TEXT! and uncomment this line -% pdfsubject={Subject}, % subject: CHANGE THIS TEXT! and uncomment this line -% pdfkeywords={keyword1} {key2} {key3}, % list of keywords, and uncomment this line if desired - pdfnewwindow=true, % links in new window - colorlinks=true, % false: boxed links; true: colored links - linkcolor=blue, % color of internal links - citecolor=green, % color of links to bibliography - filecolor=magenta, % color of file links - urlcolor=cyan % color of external links -} -\ifthenelse{\boolean{PrintVersion}}{ - % for improved print quality, override some hyperref options -\hypersetup{ -% colorlinks,% - citecolor=black,% - filecolor=black,% - linkcolor=black,% - urlcolor=black} -}{} % end of ifthenelse (no else) - -\usepackage[toc,abbreviations]{glossaries-extra} % Exception to the -% rule of hyperref being the last add-on package. If glossaries-extra is not -% in your LaTeX distribution, get it from CTAN -% (http://ctan.org/pkg/glossaries-extra). - -% Setting up the page margins... -% uWaterloo thesis requirements specify a minimum of 1 inch (72pt) margin at -% the top, bottom, and outside page edges and a 1.125 in. (81pt) gutter -% margin (on binding side). While this is not an issue for electronic -% viewing, a PDF may be printed, and so we have the same page layout for -% both printed and electronic versions, we leave the gutter margin in. -% Set margins to minimum permitted by uWaterloo thesis regulations: -\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0pt} % width of margin notes -% N.B. If margin notes are used, you must adjust \textwidth, \marginparwidth -% and \marginparsep so that the space left between the margin notes and page -% edge is less than 15 mm (0.6 in.) -% Width of space between body text and margin notes. -\setlength{\marginparsep}{0pt} -\setlength{\evensidemargin}{0.125in} % Adds 1/8 in. to binding side of all -% even-numbered pages when the "twoside" printing option is selected -\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.125in} % Adds 1/8 in. to the left of all pages -% when "oneside" printing is selected, and to the left of all odd-numbered -% pages when "twoside" printing is selected -% Assuming US letter paper (8.5 in. x 11 in.) and side margins as above. -\setlength{\textwidth}{6.375in} -\raggedbottom - -% The following statement specifies the amount of space between paragraphs. -% Other reasonable specifications are \bigskipamount and \smallskipamount. -\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount} - -% The following statement controls the line spacing. The default -% spacing corresponds to good typographic conventions and only slight -% changes (e.g., perhaps "1.2"), if any, should be made. -\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1} % this is the default line space setting - -% By default, each chapter will start on a recto (right-hand side) -% page. We also force each section of the front pages to start on -% a recto page by inserting \cleardoublepage commands. -% In many cases, this will require that the verso page be -% blank and, while it should be counted, a page number should not be -% printed. The following statements ensure a page number is not -% printed on an otherwise blank verso page. -\let\origdoublepage\cleardoublepage -\newcommand{\clearemptydoublepage}{% - \clearpage{\pagestyle{empty}\origdoublepage}} -\let\cleardoublepage\clearemptydoublepage - -% Define Glossary terms (This is properly done here, in the preamble. -% Could be \input{} from a file...) +\usepackage{cfalab} + +\usehyperrefpackage[pdftex,pagebackref=false]{ + pdftitle={Exception Handling in CFA}, + pdfauthor={Andrew James Beach}, + pdfsubject={Programming Languages}, + pdfkeywords={exceptions,implementation}, +} + +% The \phantomsection is used to help the hyperref package create links. + +% Maybe only package that should be loaded after the hyperref package. +% From http://ctan.org/pkg/glossaries-extra, extends glossaries which replaces +% glossary and builds off of the makeindex system. +\usepackage[toc,abbreviations]{glossaries-extra} + % Main glossary entries -- definitions of relevant terminology \newglossaryentry{computer} @@ -194,9 +102,11 @@ type=nomenclature, name=dingledorf, -description={A person of supposed average intelligence who makes incredibly brainless misjudgments} +description={A person of supposed average intelligence who makes incredibly + brainless misjudgments} } % List of Abbreviations (abbreviations are from the glossaries-extra package) -\newabbreviation{aaaaz}{AAAAZ}{American Association of Amature Astronomers and Zoologists} +\newabbreviation{aaaaz}{AAAAZ}{American Association of Amature Astronomers + and Zoologists} % List of Symbols @@ -207,21 +117,16 @@ sort={label}, type=symbols, -description={Random vector: a location in n-dimensional Cartesian space, where each dimensional component is determined by a random process} -} - +description={Random vector: a location in n-dimensional Cartesian space, where + each dimensional component is determined by a random process} +} + +% Must be here of cause problems with glossaries-extra. +\lstMakeShortInline$% + +% Generate the glossaries defined above. \makeglossaries -%====================================================================== -% L O G I C A L D O C U M E N T -- the content of your thesis -%====================================================================== \begin{document} -% For a large document, it is a good idea to divide your thesis -% into several files, each one containing one chapter. -% To illustrate this idea, the "front pages" (i.e., title page, -% declaration, borrowers' page, abstract, acknowledgements, -% dedication, table of contents, list of tables, list of figures, -% nomenclature) are contained within the file "uw-ethesis-frontpgs.tex" which -% is included into the document by the following statement. %---------------------------------------------------------------------- % FRONT MATERIAL @@ -232,9 +137,6 @@ % MAIN BODY %---------------------------------------------------------------------- -% Because this is a short document, and to reduce the number of files -% needed for this template, the chapters are not separate -% documents as suggested above, but you get the idea. If they were -% separate documents, they would each start with the \chapter command, i.e, do -% not contain \documentclass or \begin{document} and \end{document} commands. +\input{unwinding} + %====================================================================== \chapter{Introduction} @@ -327,42 +229,22 @@ %---------------------------------------------------------------------- -% B I B L I O G R A P H Y -% ----------------------- - -% The following statement selects the style to use for references. It controls -% the sort order of the entries in the bibliography and also the formatting -% for the in-text labels. -\bibliographystyle{plain} -% This specifies the location of the file containing the bibliographic -% information. It assumes you're using BibTeX (if not, why not?). - -% This is needed if the book class is used, to place the anchor in the correct -% page, because the bibliography will start on its own page. +%---------------------------------------------------------------------- +% BIBLIOGRAPHY +%---------------------------------------------------------------------- + % Use \clearpage instead if the document class uses the "oneside" argument. \cleardoublepage -% With hyperref package, enables hyperlinking from the table of contents to -% bibliography \phantomsection -% The following statement causes the title "References" to be used for the -% bibliography section: -\renewcommand*{\bibname}{References} - -% Add the References to the Table of Contents -\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\textbf{References}} - -% Tip 5: You can create multiple .bib files to organize your references. Just -% list them all in the \bibliogaphy command, separated by commas (no spaces). +% Bibliography setup and creation, renamed to References. +\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\textbf{\bibname}} +\bibliographystyle{plain} \bibliography{thesis} -% The following statement causes the specified references to be added to the -% bibliography even if they were not cited in the text. The asterisk is a -% wildcard that causes all entries in the bibliographic database to be -% included (optional). +% Include all uncited entries in the bibliography. \nocite{*} -% The \appendix statement indicates the beginning of the appendices. +% Begin the appendix, add a title and table of contents entry. \appendix -% Add a title page before the appendices and a line in the Table of Contents \chapter*{APPENDICES} \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{APPENDICES} Index: doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/unwinding.tex =================================================================== --- doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/unwinding.tex (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) +++ doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/unwinding.tex (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +\chapter{Unwinding in \CFA} + +When a function returns, a \emph{single} stack frame is unwound, removing the +function's parameters and local variables, and control continues in the +function's caller using the caller's stack frame. When an exception is raised, +\emph{multiple} stack frames are unwound, removing the function parameters and +local variables for called functions from the exception raise-frame to the +exception catch-frame. + +Unwinding multiple levels is simple for a programming languages without object +destructors or block finalizers because a direct transfer is possible from the +current stack frame to a prior stack frame, where control continues at a +location within the prior caller's function. For example, C provides non-local +transfer using $longjmp$, which stores a function's state including its +frame pointer and program counter, and simply reloads this information to +continue at this prior location on the stack. + +For programming languages with object destructors or block finalizers it is +necessary to walk the stack frames from raise to catch, checking for code that +must be executed as part of terminating each frame. Walking the stack has a +higher cost, and necessary information must be available to detect +destructors/finalizers and call them. + +A powerful package to provide stack-walking capabilities is $libunwind$, +which is used in this work to provide exception handling in \CFA. The following +explains how $libunwind$ works and how it is used. + +% Stack unwinding is the process of removing things from the stack from outside +% the functions there. In languages that don't provide a way to guaranty that +% code will run when the program leaves a scope or finishes a function, this +% can be relatively trivial. C does this with $longjmp$ by setting the +% stack pointer and a few other registers. + +\section{libunwind Usage} + +\CFA uses two primary functions in $libunwind$ to create most of its +exceptional control-flow: $_Unwind_RaiseException$ and $_Unwind_ForcedUnwind$. +Their operation is divided into two phases: search and clean-up. The search +phase -- phase 1 -- is used to scan the stack but not unwinding it. The +clean-up phase -- phase 2 -- is used for unwinding. + +% Somewhere around here I need to talk about the control structures. +% $_Unwind_Exception$ is used to carry the API's universal data. Some +% of this is internal, other fields are used to communicate between different +% exception handling mechanisms in different runtimes. +% $_Unwind_Context$ is an opaque data structure that is used to pass +% information to helper functions. + +The raise-exception function uses both phases. It starts by searching for a +handler, and if found, performs a clean-up phase to unwind the stack to the +handler. If a handler is not found, control returns allowing the +exception-handling policy for unhandled exception to be executed. During both +phases, the raise-exception function searches down the stack, calling each +function's \emph{personality function}. + +A personality function performs three tasks, although not all have to be +present. The tasks performed are decided by the actions provided. +% Something argument something bitmask. +\begin{itemize} +\item$_UA_SEARCH_PHASE$ is called during the clean-up phase and means search +for handlers. If a hander is found, the personality function should return +$_URC_HANDLER_FOUND$, otherwise it returns $_URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND$. +{\color{red}What is the connection between finding the handler and the +personality function?} +\item$_UA_CLEANUP_PHASE$ is passed in during the clean-up phase and means part +or all of the stack frame is removed. The personality function should do +whatever clean-up the language defines (such as running destructors/finalizers) +and then generally returns $_URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND$. +\item$_UA_HANDLER_FRAME$ means the personality function must install a +handler. It is also passed in during the clean-up phase and is in addition to +the clean-up action. $libunwind$ provides several helpers for the personality +function here. Once it is done, the personality function must return +$_URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT$. +\end{itemize} + +Forced unwind only performs the clean-up phase. It is similar to the phase 2 +section of raise exception with a few changes. A simple difference is that it +passes in an extra action to the personality function $_UA_FORCE_UNWIND$, which +means a handler cannot be installed. The most difference significant is the +addition of the $stop$ function, which is passed in as an argument to forced +unwind. + +The $stop$ function is similar to a personality function. It takes an extra +argument: a $void$ pointer passed into force unwind. It may return +$_URC_NO_REASON$ to continue unwinding or it can transfer control out of the +unwind code using its own mechanism. +% Is there a reason that NO_REASON is used instead of CONTINUE_UNWIND? +The $stop$ function is called for each stack frame and at the end of the +stack. In a stack frame, it is called before the personality routine with the +same arguments (except for the extra $void$ pointer). At the end of the stack, +the arguments are mostly the same, except the stack pointer stored in the +context is set to null. Because of this change, both GCC and Clang add an extra +action in this case $_UA_END_OF_STACK$. The $stop$ function may not return at +the end of the stack. + +{\color{red}This needs work as I do not understand all of it.} + + +\section{\CFA Implementation} + +To use $libunwind$, \CFA provides several wrappers, its own storage, +personality functions, and a $stop$ function. + +The wrappers perform three tasks: set-up, clean-up and controlling the +unwinding. The set-up allocates a copy of the \CFA exception into a handler to +control its lifetime, and stores it in the exception context. Clean-up -- run +when control exits a catch clause and returns to normal code -- frees the +exception copy. +% It however does not set up the unwind exception so we can't use any inter- +% runtime/language features. Also the exception context is global. + +The control code in the middle {\color{red}(In the middle of what?)} is run +every time a throw or re-throw is called. It uses raise exception to search for +a handler and to run it, if one is found. Otherwise, it uses forced unwind to +unwind the stack, running all destructors, before terminating the process. + +The $stop$ function is very simple. It checks the end of stack flag to see if +it is finished unwinding. If so, it calls $exit$ to end the process, otherwise +it tells the system {\color{red}(What system?)} to continue unwinding. +% Yeah, this is going to have to change. + +The personality routine is more complex because it has to obtain information +about the function by scanning the LSDA (Language Specific Data Area). This +step allows a single personality function to be used for multiple functions and +it accounts for multiple regions{\color{red}(What's a region?)} and possible +handlers in a single function. +% Not that we do that yet. + +However, generating the LSDA is difficult. It requires knowledge about the +location of the instruction pointer and stack layout, which varies by +optimization levels. So for frames where there are only destructors, GCC's +attribute cleanup with the $-fexception$ flag is sufficient to handle unwinding. + +For functions with handlers (defined in the $try$ statement) the function is +split into several functions. Everything outside the $try$ statement is the +first function, which only has destructors to be run during unwinding. The +catch clauses of the $try$ block are then converted into GCC inner functions, +which are passed via function pointers while still having access to the outer +function's scope. $catchResume$ and $finally$ clauses are handled separately +and not discussed here. + +The $try$ clause {\color{red}You have $try$ statement, $try$ block, and $try$ +clause, which need clarification.)} is converted to a function directly. The +$catch$ clauses are combined into two functions. The first is the match +function, which is used during the search phase to find a handler. The second +it the catch function, which is a large switch-case for the different +handlers. These functions do not interact with unwinding except for running +destructors and so can be handled by GCC. + +These three functions are passed into $try_terminate$, an internal function +that represents the $try$ statement. This function uses the generated +personality functions as well as assembly statements to create the LSDA. In +normal execution, this function only calls the $try$ block closure. However, +using $libunwind$, its personality function now handles exception matching and +catching. {\color{red}(I don't understand the last sentence.)} + +During the search phase, the personality function retrieves the match function +from the stack using the saved stack pointer. The function is called, either +returning 0 for no match or the index (a positive integer) of the handler for a +match. If a handler is found, the personality function reports it after saving +the index to the exception context. + +During the clean-up phase there is nothing for the personality function to +clean-up in $try_terminate$. So if this is not the handler frame, unwinding +continues. If this is the handler frame, control is transferred to the catch +function, giving it the exception and the handler index. + +{\color{red}This needs work as I do not understand all of it.} Index: doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/uw-ethesis.cls =================================================================== --- doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/uw-ethesis.cls (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) +++ doc/theses/andrew_beach_MMath/uw-ethesis.cls (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +% A document class built from the uw-ethesis template, 2017-06-14 version. +% This link should get to the regulations: +% https://uwaterloo.ca/graduate-studies/thesis. +% +% WIP I am still moving things out of the provided template. +% +% This is approximately (check regulations to be sure) the required set up for +% a thesis at UW. It also adds some other pieces that are likely to be useful. +% +% There are several formats you may choose from. These adjust the settings so +% the document comes out a little better for different uses. "digital" is for +% pdf documents that will remain on a computer while "print" is for printing +% paper copies. +% +% Options: +% +% All the formats are options, sets the document's format to that format. +% If no format is given digital is the default. +% +% Exported Names: +% \ifformat{}{}{} +% If the document's format is than expands to otherwise +% expands to . +% +% \usehyperrefpackage[]{} +% Loads the hyperref package with and preforms set up. The +% initial setup depends on the document format but they can be overriden +% with options in (set hyperref's \hypersetup for details). +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} +\ProvidesClass{uw-ethesis}[2020/03/09 v0.1 UW E-Thesis Template Document Class] + +\RequirePackage{etoolbox} + +% Requested Format: +\newrobustcmd*{\ethesis@format}{digital} +\DeclareOption{print}{\renewrobustcmd*{\ethesis@format}{print}} +\DeclareOption{digital}{\renewrobustcmd*{\ethesis@format}{digital}} + +\ProcessOptions\relax + +\def\ifformat#1#2#3{\ifdefstring{\ethesis@format}{#1}{#2}{#3}} + +\ifformat{print}{% + \LoadClass[letterpaper,12pt,titlepage,openright,twoside,final]{book}% +}{% + \LoadClass[letterpaper,12pt,titlepage,twoside,final]{book}% +} + +% Setting up the page margins. These are the minimum margins in the uWaterloo +% thesis requirements. 1in (72pt) on the top, bottom and outside and +% 1 1/8in (81pt) on the inside/gutter/binding side. Only required for +% printing but here set for all formats. + +% If margin notes are used, you must adjust \textwidth, \marginparwidth and +% \marginparsep so space between the margin notes and page edge is less than +% 15mm (0.6in). I don't actually understand that instruction. + +\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0pt} + +% Width of space between body text and margin notes. +\setlength{\marginparsep}{0pt} + +% Set width of margin on binding side. With oneside all pages are odd. +\setlength{\evensidemargin}{0.125in} +\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.125in} + +% Assuming US letter paper (8.5 in. x 11 in.) and side margins as above. +\setlength{\textwidth}{6.375in} +\raggedbottom + +% The following statement specifies the amount of space between paragraphs. +% Other reasonable specifications are \bigskipamount and \smallskipamount. +\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount} + +% The following statement controls the line spacing. You should not change +% this value significantly (e.g. perhaps "1.2"). +\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1} + +% Normally every chapter will start on a recto (right-hand side) page. This +% command is used to make sure the each section of the front pages starts on +% a recto page. This will often require an empty verso (left-hand side) page +% that should not have the page number printed on it. +\let\origdoublepage\cleardoublepage +\newcommand{\clearemptydoublepage}{% + \clearpage{\pagestyle{empty}\origdoublepage}} +\let\cleardoublepage\clearemptydoublepage + +% Change the default name of the bibliography. +\renewcommand*{\bibname}{References} + +% Configurations +\def\setThesisTitle#1{\newrobustcmd*{\ethesis@title}{#1}} +\def\setThesisAuthor#1{\newrobustcmd*{\ethesis@author}{#1}} +\def\setThesisSubject#1{\newrobustcmd*{\ethesis@subject}{#1}} +\def\setThesisKeywords#1{\newrobustcmd*{\ethesis@keywords}{#1}} + +% Includes the hyperref package loading a number of defaults. +\newrobustcmd*{\usehyperrefpackage}[2][]{% + \usepackage[#1]{hyperref} + \hypersetup{ + plainpages=false, % Needed for Roman numbers in frontpages. + unicode=false, % Non-Latin characters in Acrobat ^ ^ s bookmarks. + pdftoolbar=true, % Show Acrobat ^ ^ s toolbar? + pdfmenubar=true, % Show Acrobat ^ ^ s menu? + pdffitwindow=false, % Window is not fit to page when opened. + pdfstartview={FitH}, % Fits the width of the page to the window. + } + \ifdef{\ethesis@title}{\hypersetup{pdftitle={\ethesis@title}}}{} + \ifdef{\ethesis@author}{\hypersetup{pdfauthor={\ethesis@author}}}{} + \ifdef{\ethesis@subject}{\hypersetup{pdfsubject={\ethesis@subject}}}{} + \ifdef{\ethesis@keywords}{\hypersetup{pdfkeywords={\ethesis@keywords}}}{} + \ifformat{print}{ + \hypersetup{ + %colorlinks=false, + colorlinks=true, % I think there is a style difference here. + citecolor=black, + filecolor=black, + linkcolor=black, + urlcolor=black + } + }{ + \hypersetup{ + colorlinks=true, % false: boxed links; true: colored links + linkcolor=blue, % colour of internal links + citecolor=green, % colour of links to bibliography + filecolor=magenta, % colour of file links + urlcolor=cyan % colour of external links + } + } + \notblank{#2}{\hypersetup{#2}}{} +} + +% Includes the glossaries-extra package and sets up some helpers. +% Except right now I don't really have any helpers to add. +%\newrobustcmd*{\useglossariesextrapackage}[2][]{% +% \usepackage[#1]{glossaries-extra} +%} Index: doc/theses/thierry_delisle_PhD/comp_II/comp_II.tex =================================================================== --- doc/theses/thierry_delisle_PhD/comp_II/comp_II.tex (revision c4fd4ef79cef1612a97ce467b6d38124c5580f0e) +++ doc/theses/thierry_delisle_PhD/comp_II/comp_II.tex (revision 73e30dcff659cc9d117efd16f4bb1b05dd3f9b37) @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{epic,eepic} -\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref} \usepackage{glossaries} \usepackage{textcomp} +\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref} %\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry} %\usepackage{float} @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ \begin{table} \begin{center} - \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} - \hline - & Many Processors & Few Processors \\ + \begin{tabular}{|r|l|l|} + \cline{2-3} + \multicolumn{1}{r|}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Many Processors} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Few Processors} \\ \hline Many Threads & A: good performance & B: good performance \\ @@ -260,20 +260,18 @@ -\cleardoublepage - % B I B L I O G R A P H Y % ----------------------------- -\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Bibliography} +\cleardoublepage +\phantomsection % allows hyperref to link to the correct page +\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname} \bibliographystyle{plain} \bibliography{pl,local} + +% G L O S S A R Y +% ----------------------------- \cleardoublepage \phantomsection % allows hyperref to link to the correct page - -% G L O S S A R Y -% ----------------------------- -\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Glossary} +\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Glossary} \printglossary -\cleardoublepage -\phantomsection % allows hyperref to link to the correct page \end{document}