Index: src/libcfa/iostream
===================================================================
--- src/libcfa/iostream	(revision 0db817e9f6fdb599de91f4aad1da183d0221f776)
+++ src/libcfa/iostream	(revision 09687aa36e045a9f891425c68a40a1b26dc5f632)
@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@
 // Created On       : Wed May 27 17:56:53 2015
 // Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
-// Last Modified On : Tue Oct 10 14:51:10 2017
-// Update Count     : 140
+// Last Modified On : Wed Dec  6 23:03:30 2017
+// Update Count     : 144
 //
 
@@ -20,134 +20,134 @@
 trait ostream( dtype ostype ) {
 	// private
-	_Bool sepPrt( ostype * );							// return separator state (on/off)
-	void sepReset( ostype * );							// set separator state to default state
-	void sepReset( ostype *, _Bool );					// set separator and default state
-	const char * sepGetCur( ostype * );					// get current separator string
-	void sepSetCur( ostype *, const char * );			// set current separator string
-	_Bool getNL( ostype * );							// check newline
-	void setNL( ostype *, _Bool );						// saw newline
+	_Bool sepPrt( ostype & );							// return separator state (on/off)
+	void sepReset( ostype & );							// set separator state to default state
+	void sepReset( ostype &, _Bool );					// set separator and default state
+	const char * sepGetCur( ostype & );					// get current separator string
+	void sepSetCur( ostype &, const char * );			// set current separator string
+	_Bool getNL( ostype & );							// check newline
+	void setNL( ostype &, _Bool );						// saw newline
 	// public
-	void sepOn( ostype * );								// turn separator state on
-	void sepOff( ostype * );							// turn separator state off
-	_Bool sepDisable( ostype * );						// set default state to off, and return previous state
-	_Bool sepEnable( ostype * );						// set default state to on, and return previous state
+	void sepOn( ostype & );								// turn separator state on
+	void sepOff( ostype & );							// turn separator state off
+	_Bool sepDisable( ostype & );						// set default state to off, and return previous state
+	_Bool sepEnable( ostype & );						// set default state to on, and return previous state
 
-	const char * sepGet( ostype * );					// get separator string
-	void sepSet( ostype *, const char * );				// set separator to string (15 character maximum)
-	const char * sepGetTuple( ostype * );				// get tuple separator string
-	void sepSetTuple( ostype *, const char * );			// set tuple separator to string (15 character maximum)
+	const char * sepGet( ostype & );					// get separator string
+	void sepSet( ostype &, const char * );				// set separator to string (15 character maximum)
+	const char * sepGetTuple( ostype & );				// get tuple separator string
+	void sepSetTuple( ostype &, const char * );			// set tuple separator to string (15 character maximum)
 
-	int fail( ostype * );
-	int flush( ostype * );
-	void open( ostype * os, const char * name, const char * mode );
-	void close( ostype * os );
-	ostype * write( ostype *, const char *, unsigned long int );
-	int fmt( ostype *, const char fmt[], ... );
+	int fail( ostype & );
+	int flush( ostype & );
+	void open( ostype & os, const char * name, const char * mode );
+	void close( ostype & os );
+	ostype & write( ostype &, const char *, unsigned long int );
+	int fmt( ostype &, const char fmt[], ... );
 }; // ostream
 
 // trait writeable( otype T ) {
-// 	forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, T );
+// 	forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, T );
 // }; // writeable
 
 trait writeable( otype T, dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) {
-	ostype * ?|?( ostype *, T );
+	ostype & ?|?( ostype &, T );
 }; // writeable
 
 // implement writable for intrinsic types
 
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, char );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, signed char );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, unsigned char );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, char );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, signed char );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, unsigned char );
 
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, short int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, unsigned short int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, unsigned int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, long int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, long long int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, unsigned long int );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, unsigned long long int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, short int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, unsigned short int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, unsigned int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, long int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, long long int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, unsigned long int );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, unsigned long long int );
 
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, float ); // FIX ME: should not be required
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, double );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, long double );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, float ); // FIX ME: should not be required
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, double );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, long double );
 
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, float _Complex );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, double _Complex );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, long double _Complex );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, float _Complex );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, double _Complex );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, long double _Complex );
 
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, const char * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, const char16_t * );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, const char * );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, const char16_t * );
 #if ! ( __ARM_ARCH_ISA_ARM == 1 && __ARM_32BIT_STATE == 1 ) // char32_t == wchar_t => ambiguous
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, const char32_t * );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, const char32_t * );
 #endif // ! ( __ARM_ARCH_ISA_ARM == 1 && __ARM_32BIT_STATE == 1 )
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, const wchar_t * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, const void * );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, const wchar_t * );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, const void * );
 
 // tuples
-forall( dtype ostype, otype T, ttype Params | writeable( T, ostype ) | { ostype * ?|?( ostype *, Params ); } )
-ostype * ?|?( ostype * os, T arg, Params rest );
+forall( dtype ostype, otype T, ttype Params | writeable( T, ostype ) | { ostype & ?|?( ostype &, Params ); } )
+ostype & ?|?( ostype & os, T arg, Params rest );
 
 // manipulators
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * ?|?( ostype *, ostype * (*)( ostype * ) );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * endl( ostype * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * sep( ostype * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * sepTuple( ostype * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * sepOn( ostype * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * sepOff( ostype * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * sepDisable( ostype * );
-forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype * sepEnable( ostype * );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & ?|?( ostype &, ostype & (*)( ostype & ) );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & endl( ostype & );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & sep( ostype & );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & sepTuple( ostype & );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & sepOn( ostype & );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & sepOff( ostype & );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & sepDisable( ostype & );
+forall( dtype ostype | ostream( ostype ) ) ostype & sepEnable( ostype & );
 
 // writes the range [begin, end) to the given stream
 forall( dtype ostype, otype elt_type | writeable( elt_type, ostype ), otype iterator_type | iterator( iterator_type, elt_type ) )
-void write( iterator_type begin, iterator_type end, ostype * os );
+void write( iterator_type begin, iterator_type end, ostype & os );
 
 forall( dtype ostype, otype elt_type | writeable( elt_type, ostype ), otype iterator_type | iterator( iterator_type, elt_type ) )
-void write_reverse( iterator_type begin, iterator_type end, ostype * os );
+void write_reverse( iterator_type begin, iterator_type end, ostype & os );
 
 //---------------------------------------
 
 trait istream( dtype istype ) {
-	int fail( istype * );
-	int eof( istype * );
-	void open( istype * is, const char * name, const char * mode );
-	void close( istype * is );
-	istype * read( istype *, char *, unsigned long int );
-	istype * ungetc( istype *, char );
-	int fmt( istype *, const char fmt[], ... );
+	int fail( istype & );
+	int eof( istype & );
+	void open( istype & is, const char * name );
+	void close( istype & is );
+	istype & read( istype &, char *, unsigned long int );
+	istype & ungetc( istype &, char );
+	int fmt( istype &, const char fmt[], ... );
 }; // istream
 
 trait readable( otype T ) {
-	forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, T );
+	forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, T );
 }; // readable
 
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, char & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, signed char & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, unsigned char & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, char & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, signed char & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, unsigned char & );
 
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, short int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, unsigned short int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, unsigned int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, long int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, long long int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, unsigned long int & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, unsigned long long int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, short int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, unsigned short int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, unsigned int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, long int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, long long int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, unsigned long int & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, unsigned long long int & );
 
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, float & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, double & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, long double & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, float & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, double & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, long double & );
 
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, float _Complex & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, double _Complex & );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, long double _Complex & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, float _Complex & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, double _Complex & );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, long double _Complex & );
 
 struct _Istream_cstrUC { char * s; };
 _Istream_cstrUC cstr( char * );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, _Istream_cstrUC );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, _Istream_cstrUC );
 
 struct _Istream_cstrC { char * s; int size; };
 _Istream_cstrC cstr( char *, int size );
-forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype * ?|?( istype *, _Istream_cstrC );
+forall( dtype istype | istream( istype ) ) istype & ?|?( istype &, _Istream_cstrC );
 
 // Local Variables: //