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heap.cfa @ 7332629

ADTarm-ehast-experimentalenumforall-pointer-decayjacob/cs343-translationnew-ast-unique-exprpthread-emulationqualifiedEnum

Last change on this file since 7332629 was 709b812, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 3 years ago
add separate statistics counters for zero allocations and nullptr free, update printing of malloc_stats, fix statistics gathering issues, code restructuring for heap
Property mode set to `100644`
File size: 54.7 KB

Rev	Line
[73abe95]	1	//
[c4f68dc]	2	// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2017 University of Waterloo
	3	//
	4	// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
	5	// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
[73abe95]	6	//
[92aca37]	7	// heap.cfa --
[73abe95]	8	//
[c4f68dc]	9	// Author : Peter A. Buhr
	10	// Created On : Tue Dec 19 21:58:35 2017
	11	// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
[709b812]	12	// Last Modified On : Sun Jan 10 11:20:49 2021
	13	// Update Count : 1031
[73abe95]	14	//
[c4f68dc]	15
	16	#include <unistd.h> // sbrk, sysconf
[ad2dced]	17	#include <stdlib.h> // EXIT_FAILURE
[c4f68dc]	18	#include <stdbool.h> // true, false
	19	#include <stdio.h> // snprintf, fileno
	20	#include <errno.h> // errno
[1e034d9]	21	#include <string.h> // memset, memcpy
[1076d05]	22	#include <limits.h> // ULONG_MAX
[ada0246d]	23	#include <malloc.h> // memalign, malloc_usable_size
[c4f68dc]	24	#include <sys/mman.h> // mmap, munmap
	25
[92aca37]	26	#include "bits/align.hfa" // libAlign
[bcb14b5]	27	#include "bits/defs.hfa" // likely, unlikely
	28	#include "bits/locks.hfa" // __spinlock_t
[73abe95]	29	#include "startup.hfa" // STARTUP_PRIORITY_MEMORY
[7cfef0d]	30	#include "math.hfa" // ceiling
	31	#include "bitmanip.hfa" // is_pow2, ceiling2
[c4f68dc]	32
[93c2e0a]	33	static bool traceHeap = false;
[d46ed6e]	34
[baf608a]	35	inline bool traceHeap() { return traceHeap; }
[d46ed6e]	36
[93c2e0a]	37	bool traceHeapOn() {
	38	bool temp = traceHeap;
[d46ed6e]	39	traceHeap = true;
	40	return temp;
	41	} // traceHeapOn
	42
[93c2e0a]	43	bool traceHeapOff() {
	44	bool temp = traceHeap;
[d46ed6e]	45	traceHeap = false;
	46	return temp;
	47	} // traceHeapOff
	48
[baf608a]	49	bool traceHeapTerm() { return false; }
	50
[d46ed6e]	51
[95eb7cf]	52	static bool prtFree = false;
[d46ed6e]	53
[95eb7cf]	54	inline bool prtFree() {
	55	return prtFree;
	56	} // prtFree
[5d4fa18]	57
[95eb7cf]	58	bool prtFreeOn() {
	59	bool temp = prtFree;
	60	prtFree = true;
[5d4fa18]	61	return temp;
[95eb7cf]	62	} // prtFreeOn
[5d4fa18]	63
[95eb7cf]	64	bool prtFreeOff() {
	65	bool temp = prtFree;
	66	prtFree = false;
[5d4fa18]	67	return temp;
[95eb7cf]	68	} // prtFreeOff
[5d4fa18]	69
	70
[e723100]	71	enum {
[1e034d9]	72	// Define the default extension heap amount in units of bytes. When the uC++ supplied heap reaches the brk address,
	73	// the brk address is extended by the extension amount.
[ad2dced]	74	__CFA_DEFAULT_HEAP_EXPANSION__ = (10 * 1024 * 1024),
[1e034d9]	75
	76	// Define the mmap crossover point during allocation. Allocations less than this amount are allocated from buckets;
	77	// values greater than or equal to this value are mmap from the operating system.
	78	__CFA_DEFAULT_MMAP_START__ = (512 * 1024 + 1),
[e723100]	79	};
	80
[dd23e66]	81	size_t default_mmap_start() __attribute__(( weak )) {
	82	return __CFA_DEFAULT_MMAP_START__;
	83	} // default_mmap_start
	84
[e723100]	85	size_t default_heap_expansion() __attribute__(( weak )) {
	86	return __CFA_DEFAULT_HEAP_EXPANSION__;
	87	} // default_heap_expansion
	88
	89
[f0b3f51]	90	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[92aca37]	91	static size_t allocUnfreed; // running total of allocations minus frees
[d46ed6e]	92
[95eb7cf]	93	static void prtUnfreed() {
[c1f38e6c]	94	if ( allocUnfreed != 0 ) {
[d46ed6e]	95	// DO NOT USE STREAMS AS THEY MAY BE UNAVAILABLE AT THIS POINT.
[4ea1c6d]	96	char helpText[512];
[92aca37]	97	int len = snprintf( helpText, sizeof(helpText), "CFA warning (UNIX pid:%ld) : program terminating with %zu(0x%zx) bytes of storage allocated but not freed.\n"
[4ea1c6d]	98	"Possible cause is unfreed storage allocated by the program or system/library routines called from the program.\n",
[c1f38e6c]	99	(long int)getpid(), allocUnfreed, allocUnfreed ); // always print the UNIX pid
[4ea1c6d]	100	__cfaabi_bits_write( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, len ); // print debug/nodebug
[b6830d74]	101	} // if
[95eb7cf]	102	} // prtUnfreed
[d46ed6e]	103
	104	extern "C" {
[bcb14b5]	105	void heapAppStart() { // called by __cfaabi_appready_startup
[c1f38e6c]	106	allocUnfreed = 0;
[bcb14b5]	107	} // heapAppStart
	108
	109	void heapAppStop() { // called by __cfaabi_appready_startdown
	110	fclose( stdin ); fclose( stdout );
[95eb7cf]	111	prtUnfreed();
[bcb14b5]	112	} // heapAppStop
[d46ed6e]	113	} // extern "C"
	114	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	115
[1e034d9]	116
[e723100]	117	// statically allocated variables => zero filled.
[ad2dced]	118	size_t __page_size; // architecture pagesize
	119	int __map_prot; // common mmap/mprotect protection
[e723100]	120	static size_t heapExpand; // sbrk advance
	121	static size_t mmapStart; // cross over point for mmap
	122	static unsigned int maxBucketsUsed; // maximum number of buckets in use
	123
	124
	125	#define SPINLOCK 0
	126	#define LOCKFREE 1
	127	#define BUCKETLOCK SPINLOCK
[9c438546]	128	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
	129	#elif BUCKETLOCK == LOCKFREE
	130	#include <stackLockFree.hfa>
	131	#else
	132	#error undefined lock type for bucket lock
[e723100]	133	#endif // LOCKFREE
	134
	135	// Recursive definitions: HeapManager needs size of bucket array and bucket area needs sizeof HeapManager storage.
	136	// Break recusion by hardcoding number of buckets and statically checking number is correct after bucket array defined.
[95eb7cf]	137	enum { NoBucketSizes = 91 }; // number of buckets sizes
[d46ed6e]	138
[c4f68dc]	139	struct HeapManager {
	140	struct Storage {
[bcb14b5]	141	struct Header { // header
[c4f68dc]	142	union Kind {
	143	struct RealHeader {
	144	union {
[bcb14b5]	145	struct { // 4-byte word => 8-byte header, 8-byte word => 16-byte header
[f0b3f51]	146	#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ && __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
[9c438546]	147	uint64_t padding; // unused, force home/blocksize to overlay alignment in fake header
[bcb14b5]	148	#endif // __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ && __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
[c4f68dc]	149
	150	union {
[9c438546]	151	// FreeHeader * home; // allocated block points back to home locations (must overlay alignment)
[cfbc703d]	152	// 2nd low-order bit => zero filled
[c4f68dc]	153	void * home; // allocated block points back to home locations (must overlay alignment)
	154	size_t blockSize; // size for munmap (must overlay alignment)
[9c438546]	155	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[c4f68dc]	156	Storage * next; // freed block points next freed block of same size
	157	#endif // SPINLOCK
	158	};
[9c438546]	159	size_t size; // allocation size in bytes
[c4f68dc]	160
[f0b3f51]	161	#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__ && __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
[9c438546]	162	uint64_t padding; // unused, force home/blocksize to overlay alignment in fake header
[bcb14b5]	163	#endif // __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__ && __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
[c4f68dc]	164	};
[9c438546]	165	#if BUCKETLOCK == LOCKFREE
	166	Link(Storage) next; // freed block points next freed block of same size (double-wide)
[c4f68dc]	167	#endif // LOCKFREE
	168	};
[93c2e0a]	169	} real; // RealHeader
[9c438546]	170
[c4f68dc]	171	struct FakeHeader {
	172	#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
[9c438546]	173	uint32_t alignment; // 1st low-order bit => fake header & alignment
[f0b3f51]	174	#endif // __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
[c4f68dc]	175
	176	uint32_t offset;
	177
	178	#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
	179	uint32_t alignment; // low-order bits of home/blockSize used for tricks
[f0b3f51]	180	#endif // __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
[93c2e0a]	181	} fake; // FakeHeader
	182	} kind; // Kind
[bcb14b5]	183	} header; // Header
[95eb7cf]	184	char pad[libAlign() - sizeof( Header )];
[bcb14b5]	185	char data[0]; // storage
[c4f68dc]	186	}; // Storage
	187
[95eb7cf]	188	static_assert( libAlign() >= sizeof( Storage ), "libAlign() < sizeof( Storage )" );
[c4f68dc]	189
	190	struct FreeHeader {
[9c438546]	191	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[bcb14b5]	192	__spinlock_t lock; // must be first field for alignment
	193	Storage * freeList;
[c4f68dc]	194	#else
[9c438546]	195	StackLF(Storage) freeList;
	196	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[bcb14b5]	197	size_t blockSize; // size of allocations on this list
[c4f68dc]	198	}; // FreeHeader
	199
	200	// must be first fields for alignment
	201	__spinlock_t extlock; // protects allocation-buffer extension
	202	FreeHeader freeLists[NoBucketSizes]; // buckets for different allocation sizes
	203
	204	void * heapBegin; // start of heap
	205	void * heapEnd; // logical end of heap
	206	size_t heapRemaining; // amount of storage not allocated in the current chunk
	207	}; // HeapManager
	208
[9c438546]	209	#if BUCKETLOCK == LOCKFREE
[c45d2fa]	210	static inline {
[8b58bae]	211	Link(HeapManager.Storage) * ?`next( HeapManager.Storage * this ) { return &this->header.kind.real.next; }
[c45d2fa]	212	void ?{}( HeapManager.FreeHeader & ) {}
	213	void ^?{}( HeapManager.FreeHeader & ) {}
	214	} // distribution
[9c438546]	215	#endif // LOCKFREE
	216
[7b149bc]	217	static inline size_t getKey( const HeapManager.FreeHeader & freeheader ) { return freeheader.blockSize; }
[5d4fa18]	218
[e723100]	219
	220	#define FASTLOOKUP
	221	#define __STATISTICS__
[5d4fa18]	222
[c1f38e6c]	223	// Size of array must harmonize with NoBucketSizes and individual bucket sizes must be multiple of 16.
[d5d3a90]	224	// Smaller multiples of 16 and powers of 2 are common allocation sizes, so make them generate the minimum required bucket size.
	225	// malloc(0) returns 0p, so no bucket is necessary for 0 bytes returning an address that can be freed.
[e723100]	226	static const unsigned int bucketSizes[] @= { // different bucket sizes
[d5d3a90]	227	16 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), 32 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), 48 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), 64 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
	228	96 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), 112 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), 128 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 3
[95eb7cf]	229	160, 192, 224, 256 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
	230	320, 384, 448, 512 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
	231	640, 768, 896, 1_024 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
	232	1_536, 2_048 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 2
	233	2_560, 3_072, 3_584, 4_096 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
	234	6_144, 8_192 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 2
	235	9_216, 10_240, 11_264, 12_288, 13_312, 14_336, 15_360, 16_384 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	236	18_432, 20_480, 22_528, 24_576, 26_624, 28_672, 30_720, 32_768 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	237	36_864, 40_960, 45_056, 49_152, 53_248, 57_344, 61_440, 65_536 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	238	73_728, 81_920, 90_112, 98_304, 106_496, 114_688, 122_880, 131_072 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	239	147_456, 163_840, 180_224, 196_608, 212_992, 229_376, 245_760, 262_144 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	240	294_912, 327_680, 360_448, 393_216, 425_984, 458_752, 491_520, 524_288 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	241	655_360, 786_432, 917_504, 1_048_576 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
	242	1_179_648, 1_310_720, 1_441_792, 1_572_864, 1_703_936, 1_835_008, 1_966_080, 2_097_152 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 8
	243	2_621_440, 3_145_728, 3_670_016, 4_194_304 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage), // 4
[5d4fa18]	244	};
[e723100]	245
[c1f38e6c]	246	static_assert( NoBucketSizes == sizeof(bucketSizes) / sizeof(bucketSizes[0] ), "size of bucket array wrong" );
[e723100]	247
[5d4fa18]	248	#ifdef FASTLOOKUP
[a92a4fe]	249	enum { LookupSizes = 65_536 + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage) }; // number of fast lookup sizes
[5d4fa18]	250	static unsigned char lookup[LookupSizes]; // O(1) lookup for small sizes
	251	#endif // FASTLOOKUP
	252
[ad2dced]	253	static const off_t mmapFd = -1; // fake or actual fd for anonymous file
[5d4fa18]	254	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[93c2e0a]	255	static bool heapBoot = 0; // detect recursion during boot
[5d4fa18]	256	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[9c438546]	257
	258	// The constructor for heapManager is called explicitly in memory_startup.
[5d4fa18]	259	static HeapManager heapManager __attribute__(( aligned (128) )) @= {}; // size of cache line to prevent false sharing
	260
[c4f68dc]	261
	262	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	263	// Heap statistics counters.
[709b812]	264	static unsigned int malloc_zero_calls, malloc_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	265	static unsigned long long int malloc_storage;
[709b812]	266	static unsigned int aalloc_zero_calls, aalloc_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	267	static unsigned long long int aalloc_storage;
[709b812]	268	static unsigned int calloc_zero_calls, calloc_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	269	static unsigned long long int calloc_storage;
[709b812]	270	static unsigned int memalign_zero_calls, memalign_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	271	static unsigned long long int memalign_storage;
[709b812]	272	static unsigned int amemalign_zero_calls, amemalign_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	273	static unsigned long long int amemalign_storage;
[709b812]	274	static unsigned int cmemalign_zero_calls, cmemalign_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	275	static unsigned long long int cmemalign_storage;
[709b812]	276	static unsigned int resize_zero_calls, resize_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	277	static unsigned long long int resize_storage;
[709b812]	278	static unsigned int realloc_zero_calls, realloc_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	279	static unsigned long long int realloc_storage;
[709b812]	280	static unsigned int free_zero_calls, free_calls;
[c1f38e6c]	281	static unsigned long long int free_storage;
	282	static unsigned int mmap_calls;
	283	static unsigned long long int mmap_storage;
	284	static unsigned int munmap_calls;
	285	static unsigned long long int munmap_storage;
	286	static unsigned int sbrk_calls;
	287	static unsigned long long int sbrk_storage;
[95eb7cf]	288	// Statistics file descriptor (changed by malloc_stats_fd).
[709b812]	289	static int stats_fd = STDERR_FILENO; // default stderr
[c4f68dc]	290
	291	// Use "write" because streams may be shutdown when calls are made.
[d46ed6e]	292	static void printStats() {
[76e2113]	293	char helpText[1024];
[95eb7cf]	294	__cfaabi_bits_print_buffer( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, sizeof(helpText),
[709b812]	295	"\nHeap statistics:\n"
	296	" malloc 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	297	" aalloc 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	298	" calloc 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	299	" memalign 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	300	" amemalign 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	301	" cmemalign 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	302	" resize 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	303	" realloc 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	304	" free 0-calls %'u; >0-calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	305	" mmap calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	306	" munmap calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n"
	307	" sbrk calls %'u; storage %'llu bytes\n",
	308	malloc_zero_calls, malloc_calls, malloc_storage,
	309	aalloc_zero_calls, aalloc_calls, aalloc_storage,
	310	calloc_zero_calls, calloc_calls, calloc_storage,
	311	memalign_zero_calls, memalign_calls, memalign_storage,
	312	amemalign_zero_calls, amemalign_calls, amemalign_storage,
	313	cmemalign_zero_calls, cmemalign_calls, cmemalign_storage,
	314	resize_zero_calls, resize_calls, resize_storage,
	315	realloc_zero_calls, realloc_calls, realloc_storage,
	316	free_zero_calls, free_calls, free_storage,
	317	mmap_calls, mmap_storage,
	318	munmap_calls, munmap_storage,
	319	sbrk_calls, sbrk_storage
[c4f68dc]	320	);
[d46ed6e]	321	} // printStats
[c4f68dc]	322
[bcb14b5]	323	static int printStatsXML( FILE * stream ) { // see malloc_info
[76e2113]	324	char helpText[1024];
[b6830d74]	325	int len = snprintf( helpText, sizeof(helpText),
[c4f68dc]	326	"<malloc version=\"1\">\n"
	327	"<heap nr=\"0\">\n"
	328	"<sizes>\n"
	329	"</sizes>\n"
[709b812]	330	"<total type=\"malloc\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	331	"<total type=\"aalloc\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	332	"<total type=\"calloc\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	333	"<total type=\"memalign\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	334	"<total type=\"amemalign\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	335	"<total type=\"cmemalign\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	336	"<total type=\"resize\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	337	"<total type=\"realloc\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	338	"<total type=\"free\" 0 count=\"%'u;\" >0 count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	339	"<total type=\"mmap\" count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	340	"<total type=\"munmap\" count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
	341	"<total type=\"sbrk\" count=\"%'u;\" size=\"%'llu\"/> bytes\n"
[c4f68dc]	342	"</malloc>",
[709b812]	343	malloc_zero_calls, malloc_calls, malloc_storage,
	344	aalloc_zero_calls, aalloc_calls, aalloc_storage,
	345	calloc_zero_calls, calloc_calls, calloc_storage,
	346	memalign_zero_calls, memalign_calls, memalign_storage,
	347	amemalign_zero_calls, amemalign_calls, amemalign_storage,
	348	cmemalign_zero_calls, cmemalign_calls, cmemalign_storage,
	349	resize_zero_calls, resize_calls, resize_storage,
	350	realloc_zero_calls, realloc_calls, realloc_storage,
	351	free_zero_calls, free_calls, free_storage,
[c4f68dc]	352	mmap_calls, mmap_storage,
	353	munmap_calls, munmap_storage,
	354	sbrk_calls, sbrk_storage
	355	);
[95eb7cf]	356	__cfaabi_bits_write( fileno( stream ), helpText, len ); // ensures all bytes written or exit
	357	return len;
[d46ed6e]	358	} // printStatsXML
[c4f68dc]	359	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	360
[95eb7cf]	361
[1e034d9]	362	// thunk problem
	363	size_t Bsearchl( unsigned int key, const unsigned int * vals, size_t dim ) {
	364	size_t l = 0, m, h = dim;
	365	while ( l < h ) {
	366	m = (l + h) / 2;
	367	if ( (unsigned int &)(vals[m]) < key ) { // cast away const
	368	l = m + 1;
	369	} else {
	370	h = m;
	371	} // if
	372	} // while
	373	return l;
	374	} // Bsearchl
	375
	376
[95eb7cf]	377	static inline bool setMmapStart( size_t value ) { // true => mmapped, false => sbrk
[ad2dced]	378	if ( value < __page_size \|\| bucketSizes[NoBucketSizes - 1] < value ) return false;
[95eb7cf]	379	mmapStart = value; // set global
	380
	381	// find the closest bucket size less than or equal to the mmapStart size
[1e034d9]	382	maxBucketsUsed = Bsearchl( (unsigned int)mmapStart, bucketSizes, NoBucketSizes ); // binary search
[95eb7cf]	383	assert( maxBucketsUsed < NoBucketSizes ); // subscript failure ?
	384	assert( mmapStart <= bucketSizes[maxBucketsUsed] ); // search failure ?
[1076d05]	385	return true;
[95eb7cf]	386	} // setMmapStart
	387
	388
[cfbc703d]	389	// <-------+----------------------------------------------------> bsize (bucket size)
	390	// \|header \|addr
	391	//==================================================================================
	392	// align/offset \|
	393	// <-----------------<------------+-----------------------------> bsize (bucket size)
	394	// \|fake-header \| addr
	395	#define headerAddr( addr ) ((HeapManager.Storage.Header )( (char )addr - sizeof(HeapManager.Storage) ))
	396	#define realHeader( header ) ((HeapManager.Storage.Header )((char )header - header->kind.fake.offset))
	397
	398	// <-------<<--------------------- dsize ---------------------->> bsize (bucket size)
	399	// \|header \|addr
	400	//==================================================================================
	401	// align/offset \|
	402	// <------------------------------<<---------- dsize --------->>> bsize (bucket size)
	403	// \|fake-header \|addr
	404	#define dataStorage( bsize, addr, header ) (bsize - ( (char )addr - (char )header ))
	405
	406
	407	static inline void checkAlign( size_t alignment ) {
[92aca37]	408	if ( alignment < libAlign() \|\| ! is_pow2( alignment ) ) {
[cfbc703d]	409	abort( "Alignment %zu for memory allocation is less than %d and/or not a power of 2.", alignment, libAlign() );
	410	} // if
	411	} // checkAlign
	412
	413
[e3fea42]	414	static inline void checkHeader( bool check, const char name[], void * addr ) {
[b6830d74]	415	if ( unlikely( check ) ) { // bad address ?
[c4f68dc]	416	abort( "Attempt to %s storage %p with address outside the heap.\n"
[bcb14b5]	417	"Possible cause is duplicate free on same block or overwriting of memory.",
	418	name, addr );
[b6830d74]	419	} // if
[c4f68dc]	420	} // checkHeader
	421
[95eb7cf]	422
	423	static inline void fakeHeader( HeapManager.Storage.Header *& header, size_t & alignment ) {
[b6830d74]	424	if ( unlikely( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) ) { // fake header ?
[c4f68dc]	425	alignment = header->kind.fake.alignment & -2; // remove flag from value
	426	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	427	checkAlign( alignment ); // check alignment
	428	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[cfbc703d]	429	header = realHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
[d5d3a90]	430	} else {
[c1f38e6c]	431	alignment = libAlign(); // => no fake header
[b6830d74]	432	} // if
[c4f68dc]	433	} // fakeHeader
	434
[95eb7cf]	435
[9c438546]	436	static inline bool headers( const char name[] __attribute__(( unused )), void * addr, HeapManager.Storage.Header & header, HeapManager.FreeHeader & freeElem,
	437	size_t & size, size_t & alignment ) with( heapManager ) {
[b6830d74]	438	header = headerAddr( addr );
[c4f68dc]	439
[13fece5]	440	if ( unlikely( addr < heapBegin \|\| heapEnd < addr ) ) { // mmapped ?
[95eb7cf]	441	fakeHeader( header, alignment );
[c4f68dc]	442	size = header->kind.real.blockSize & -3; // mmap size
	443	return true;
[b6830d74]	444	} // if
[c4f68dc]	445
	446	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[13fece5]	447	checkHeader( header < (HeapManager.Storage.Header *)heapBegin, name, addr ); // bad low address ?
[c4f68dc]	448	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[b6830d74]	449
[bcb14b5]	450	// header may be safe to dereference
[95eb7cf]	451	fakeHeader( header, alignment );
[c4f68dc]	452	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[bcb14b5]	453	checkHeader( header < (HeapManager.Storage.Header )heapBegin \|\| (HeapManager.Storage.Header )heapEnd < header, name, addr ); // bad address ? (offset could be + or -)
[c4f68dc]	454	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	455
[bcb14b5]	456	freeElem = (HeapManager.FreeHeader *)((size_t)header->kind.real.home & -3);
[c4f68dc]	457	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[bcb14b5]	458	if ( freeElem < &freeLists[0] \|\| &freeLists[NoBucketSizes] <= freeElem ) {
	459	abort( "Attempt to %s storage %p with corrupted header.\n"
	460	"Possible cause is duplicate free on same block or overwriting of header information.",
	461	name, addr );
	462	} // if
[c4f68dc]	463	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[bcb14b5]	464	size = freeElem->blockSize;
	465	return false;
[c4f68dc]	466	} // headers
	467
[709b812]	468	// #ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	469	// #if __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 4
	470	// #define MASK 0xdeadbeef
	471	// #else
	472	// #define MASK 0xdeadbeefdeadbeef
	473	// #endif
	474	// #define STRIDE size_t
[e4b6b7d3]	475
[709b812]	476	// static void * Memset( void * addr, STRIDE size ) { // debug only
	477	// if ( size % sizeof(STRIDE) != 0 ) abort( "Memset() : internal error, size %zd not multiple of %zd.", size, sizeof(STRIDE) );
	478	// if ( (STRIDE)addr % sizeof(STRIDE) != 0 ) abort( "Memset() : internal error, addr %p not multiple of %zd.", addr, sizeof(STRIDE) );
[e4b6b7d3]	479
[709b812]	480	// STRIDE * end = (STRIDE *)addr + size / sizeof(STRIDE);
	481	// for ( STRIDE * p = (STRIDE )addr; p < end; p += 1 ) p = MASK;
	482	// return addr;
	483	// } // Memset
	484	// #endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[e4b6b7d3]	485
[13fece5]	486
[92aca37]	487	#define NO_MEMORY_MSG "insufficient heap memory available for allocating %zd new bytes."
[c4f68dc]	488
[9c438546]	489	static inline void * extend( size_t size ) with( heapManager ) {
[b6830d74]	490	lock( extlock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 );
	491	ptrdiff_t rem = heapRemaining - size;
	492	if ( rem < 0 ) {
[c4f68dc]	493	// If the size requested is bigger than the current remaining storage, increase the size of the heap.
	494
[ad2dced]	495	size_t increase = ceiling2( size > heapExpand ? size : heapExpand, __page_size );
	496	// Do not call abort or strerror( errno ) as they may call malloc.
[92aca37]	497	if ( sbrk( increase ) == (void *)-1 ) { // failed, no memory ?
[c4f68dc]	498	unlock( extlock );
[ad2dced]	499	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, NO_MEMORY_MSG, size );
[709b812]	500	_exit( EXIT_FAILURE ); // give up
[92aca37]	501	} // if
[709b812]	502	// Make storage executable for thunks.
[ad2dced]	503	if ( mprotect( (char *)heapEnd + heapRemaining, increase, __map_prot ) ) {
	504	unlock( extlock );
	505	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "extend() : internal error, mprotect failure, heapEnd:%p size:%zd, errno:%d.\n", heapEnd, increase, errno );
	506	_exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
[b4aa1ab]	507	} // if
[bcb14b5]	508	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[c4f68dc]	509	sbrk_calls += 1;
	510	sbrk_storage += increase;
[bcb14b5]	511	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	512	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	513	// Set new memory to garbage so subsequent uninitialized usages might fail.
[13fece5]	514	memset( (char *)heapEnd + heapRemaining, '\xde', increase );
[ad2dced]	515	//Memset( (char *)heapEnd + heapRemaining, increase );
[bcb14b5]	516	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	517	rem = heapRemaining + increase - size;
[b6830d74]	518	} // if
[c4f68dc]	519
[b6830d74]	520	HeapManager.Storage * block = (HeapManager.Storage *)heapEnd;
	521	heapRemaining = rem;
	522	heapEnd = (char *)heapEnd + size;
	523	unlock( extlock );
	524	return block;
[c4f68dc]	525	} // extend
	526
	527
[9c438546]	528	static inline void * doMalloc( size_t size ) with( heapManager ) {
[7b149bc]	529	HeapManager.Storage * block; // pointer to new block of storage
[c4f68dc]	530
[b6830d74]	531	// Look up size in the size list. Make sure the user request includes space for the header that must be allocated
	532	// along with the block and is a multiple of the alignment size.
[c4f68dc]	533
[1076d05]	534	if ( unlikely( size > ULONG_MAX - sizeof(HeapManager.Storage) ) ) return 0p;
[b6830d74]	535	size_t tsize = size + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage);
	536	if ( likely( tsize < mmapStart ) ) { // small size => sbrk
[e723100]	537	size_t posn;
	538	#ifdef FASTLOOKUP
	539	if ( tsize < LookupSizes ) posn = lookup[tsize];
	540	else
	541	#endif // FASTLOOKUP
	542	posn = Bsearchl( (unsigned int)tsize, bucketSizes, (size_t)maxBucketsUsed );
	543	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem = &freeLists[posn];
[c1f38e6c]	544	verify( freeElem <= &freeLists[maxBucketsUsed] ); // subscripting error ?
	545	verify( tsize <= freeElem->blockSize ); // search failure ?
[c4f68dc]	546	tsize = freeElem->blockSize; // total space needed for request
	547
	548	// Spin until the lock is acquired for this particular size of block.
	549
[9c438546]	550	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[bcb14b5]	551	lock( freeElem->lock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 );
	552	block = freeElem->freeList; // remove node from stack
[c4f68dc]	553	#else
[9c438546]	554	block = pop( freeElem->freeList );
	555	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[95eb7cf]	556	if ( unlikely( block == 0p ) ) { // no free block ?
[9c438546]	557	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[c4f68dc]	558	unlock( freeElem->lock );
[9c438546]	559	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[bcb14b5]	560
[c4f68dc]	561	// Freelist for that size was empty, so carve it out of the heap if there's enough left, or get some more
	562	// and then carve it off.
	563
	564	block = (HeapManager.Storage *)extend( tsize ); // mutual exclusion on call
[9c438546]	565	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[c4f68dc]	566	} else {
	567	freeElem->freeList = block->header.kind.real.next;
	568	unlock( freeElem->lock );
[9c438546]	569	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[c4f68dc]	570	} // if
	571
	572	block->header.kind.real.home = freeElem; // pointer back to free list of apropriate size
[bcb14b5]	573	} else { // large size => mmap
[ad2dced]	574	if ( unlikely( size > ULONG_MAX - __page_size ) ) return 0p;
	575	tsize = ceiling2( tsize, __page_size ); // must be multiple of page size
[c4f68dc]	576	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	577	__atomic_add_fetch( &mmap_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	578	__atomic_add_fetch( &mmap_storage, tsize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	579	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[92aca37]	580
[ad2dced]	581	block = (HeapManager.Storage *)mmap( 0, tsize, __map_prot, MAP_PRIVATE \| MAP_ANONYMOUS, mmapFd, 0 );
[92aca37]	582	if ( block == (HeapManager.Storage *)MAP_FAILED ) { // failed ?
	583	if ( errno == ENOMEM ) abort( NO_MEMORY_MSG, tsize ); // no memory
[c4f68dc]	584	// Do not call strerror( errno ) as it may call malloc.
[b4aa1ab]	585	abort( "(HeapManager &)0x%p.doMalloc() : internal error, mmap failure, size:%zu errno:%d.", &heapManager, tsize, errno );
[92aca37]	586	} //if
[bcb14b5]	587	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	588	// Set new memory to garbage so subsequent uninitialized usages might fail.
[13fece5]	589	memset( block, '\xde', tsize );
[ad2dced]	590	//Memset( block, tsize );
[bcb14b5]	591	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	592	block->header.kind.real.blockSize = tsize; // storage size for munmap
[bcb14b5]	593	} // if
[c4f68dc]	594
[9c438546]	595	block->header.kind.real.size = size; // store allocation size
[95eb7cf]	596	void * addr = &(block->data); // adjust off header to user bytes
[c1f38e6c]	597	verify( ((uintptr_t)addr & (libAlign() - 1)) == 0 ); // minimum alignment ?
[c4f68dc]	598
	599	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c1f38e6c]	600	__atomic_add_fetch( &allocUnfreed, tsize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[bcb14b5]	601	if ( traceHeap() ) {
	602	enum { BufferSize = 64 };
	603	char helpText[BufferSize];
[95eb7cf]	604	int len = snprintf( helpText, BufferSize, "%p = Malloc( %zu ) (allocated %zu)\n", addr, size, tsize );
	605	__cfaabi_bits_write( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, len ); // print debug/nodebug
[bcb14b5]	606	} // if
[c4f68dc]	607	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	608
[95eb7cf]	609	return addr;
[c4f68dc]	610	} // doMalloc
	611
	612
[9c438546]	613	static inline void doFree( void * addr ) with( heapManager ) {
[c4f68dc]	614	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[95eb7cf]	615	if ( unlikely( heapManager.heapBegin == 0p ) ) {
[bcb14b5]	616	abort( "doFree( %p ) : internal error, called before heap is initialized.", addr );
	617	} // if
[c4f68dc]	618	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	619
[b6830d74]	620	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header;
	621	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
	622	size_t size, alignment; // not used (see realloc)
[c4f68dc]	623
[b6830d74]	624	if ( headers( "free", addr, header, freeElem, size, alignment ) ) { // mmapped ?
[c4f68dc]	625	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	626	__atomic_add_fetch( &munmap_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	627	__atomic_add_fetch( &munmap_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	628	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	629	if ( munmap( header, size ) == -1 ) {
	630	abort( "Attempt to deallocate storage %p not allocated or with corrupt header.\n"
[bcb14b5]	631	"Possible cause is invalid pointer.",
	632	addr );
[c4f68dc]	633	} // if
[bcb14b5]	634	} else {
[c4f68dc]	635	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[bcb14b5]	636	// Set free memory to garbage so subsequent usages might fail.
[13fece5]	637	memset( ((HeapManager.Storage *)header)->data, '\xde', freeElem->blockSize - sizeof( HeapManager.Storage ) );
[ad2dced]	638	//Memset( ((HeapManager.Storage *)header)->data, freeElem->blockSize - sizeof( HeapManager.Storage ) );
[c4f68dc]	639	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	640
	641	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	642	free_storage += size;
[c4f68dc]	643	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[9c438546]	644	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[bcb14b5]	645	lock( freeElem->lock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 ); // acquire spin lock
	646	header->kind.real.next = freeElem->freeList; // push on stack
	647	freeElem->freeList = (HeapManager.Storage *)header;
	648	unlock( freeElem->lock ); // release spin lock
[c4f68dc]	649	#else
[9c438546]	650	push( freeElem->freeList, (HeapManager.Storage )header );
	651	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[bcb14b5]	652	} // if
[c4f68dc]	653
	654	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[c1f38e6c]	655	__atomic_add_fetch( &allocUnfreed, -size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[bcb14b5]	656	if ( traceHeap() ) {
[92aca37]	657	char helpText[64];
[bcb14b5]	658	int len = snprintf( helpText, sizeof(helpText), "Free( %p ) size:%zu\n", addr, size );
[95eb7cf]	659	__cfaabi_bits_write( STDERR_FILENO, helpText, len ); // print debug/nodebug
[bcb14b5]	660	} // if
[c4f68dc]	661	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	662	} // doFree
	663
	664
[9c438546]	665	size_t prtFree( HeapManager & manager ) with( manager ) {
[b6830d74]	666	size_t total = 0;
[c4f68dc]	667	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	668	__cfaabi_bits_acquire();
	669	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "\nBin lists (bin size : free blocks on list)\n" );
[c4f68dc]	670	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b6830d74]	671	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < maxBucketsUsed; i += 1 ) {
[d46ed6e]	672	size_t size = freeLists[i].blockSize;
	673	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	674	unsigned int N = 0;
	675	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b6830d74]	676
[9c438546]	677	#if BUCKETLOCK == SPINLOCK
[95eb7cf]	678	for ( HeapManager.Storage * p = freeLists[i].freeList; p != 0p; p = p->header.kind.real.next ) {
[d46ed6e]	679	#else
[b4aa1ab]	680	for(;;) {
	681	// for ( HeapManager.Storage * p = top( freeLists[i].freeList ); p != 0p; p = (p)`next->top ) {
[7cfef0d]	682	// for ( HeapManager.Storage * p = top( freeLists[i].freeList ); p != 0p; /* p = getNext( p )->top */) {
[b4aa1ab]	683	// HeapManager.Storage * temp = p->header.kind.real.next.top; // FIX ME: direct assignent fails, initialization works`
[7cfef0d]	684	// typeof(p) temp = (( p )`next)->top; // FIX ME: direct assignent fails, initialization works`
	685	// p = temp;
[9c438546]	686	#endif // BUCKETLOCK
[d46ed6e]	687	total += size;
	688	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	689	N += 1;
	690	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[b6830d74]	691	} // for
	692
[d46ed6e]	693	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	694	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "%7zu, %-7u ", size, N );
	695	if ( (i + 1) % 8 == 0 ) __cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "\n" );
[d46ed6e]	696	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	697	} // for
	698	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[95eb7cf]	699	__cfaabi_bits_print_nolock( STDERR_FILENO, "\ntotal free blocks:%zu\n", total );
	700	__cfaabi_bits_release();
[d46ed6e]	701	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	702	return (char )heapEnd - (char )heapBegin - total;
[95eb7cf]	703	} // prtFree
	704
	705
[9c438546]	706	static void ?{}( HeapManager & manager ) with( manager ) {
[ad2dced]	707	__page_size = sysconf( _SC_PAGESIZE );
	708	__map_prot = PROT_READ \| PROT_WRITE \| PROT_EXEC;
[95eb7cf]	709
	710	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < NoBucketSizes; i += 1 ) { // initialize the free lists
	711	freeLists[i].blockSize = bucketSizes[i];
	712	} // for
	713
	714	#ifdef FASTLOOKUP
	715	unsigned int idx = 0;
	716	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < LookupSizes; i += 1 ) {
	717	if ( i > bucketSizes[idx] ) idx += 1;
	718	lookup[i] = idx;
	719	} // for
	720	#endif // FASTLOOKUP
	721
[1076d05]	722	if ( ! setMmapStart( default_mmap_start() ) ) {
[95eb7cf]	723	abort( "HeapManager : internal error, mmap start initialization failure." );
	724	} // if
	725	heapExpand = default_heap_expansion();
	726
[1e034d9]	727	char * end = (char *)sbrk( 0 );
[ad2dced]	728	heapBegin = heapEnd = sbrk( (char *)ceiling2( (long unsigned int)end, __page_size ) - end ); // move start of heap to multiple of alignment
[95eb7cf]	729	} // HeapManager
	730
	731
	732	static void ^?{}( HeapManager & ) {
	733	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[baf608a]	734	if ( traceHeapTerm() ) {
	735	printStats();
[92aca37]	736	// prtUnfreed() called in heapAppStop()
[baf608a]	737	} // if
[95eb7cf]	738	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	739	} // ~HeapManager
	740
	741
	742	static void memory_startup( void ) __attribute__(( constructor( STARTUP_PRIORITY_MEMORY ) ));
	743	void memory_startup( void ) {
	744	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[92aca37]	745	if ( heapBoot ) { // check for recursion during system boot
[95eb7cf]	746	abort( "boot() : internal error, recursively invoked during system boot." );
	747	} // if
	748	heapBoot = true;
	749	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	750
[c1f38e6c]	751	//verify( heapManager.heapBegin != 0 );
[95eb7cf]	752	//heapManager{};
[1076d05]	753	if ( heapManager.heapBegin == 0p ) heapManager{}; // sanity check
[95eb7cf]	754	} // memory_startup
	755
	756	static void memory_shutdown( void ) __attribute__(( destructor( STARTUP_PRIORITY_MEMORY ) ));
	757	void memory_shutdown( void ) {
	758	^heapManager{};
	759	} // memory_shutdown
[c4f68dc]	760
[bcb14b5]	761
	762	static inline void * mallocNoStats( size_t size ) { // necessary for malloc statistics
[92aca37]	763	verify( heapManager.heapBegin != 0p ); // called before memory_startup ?
[dd23e66]	764	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) return 0p; // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
[d5d3a90]	765
[76e2113]	766	#if __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 8
	767	verify( size < ((typeof(size_t))1 << 48) );
	768	#endif // __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 8
[d5d3a90]	769	return doMalloc( size );
[bcb14b5]	770	} // mallocNoStats
[c4f68dc]	771
	772
[92aca37]	773	static inline void * memalignNoStats( size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[dd23e66]	774	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) return 0p; // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
[d5d3a90]	775
[bcb14b5]	776	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[b6830d74]	777	checkAlign( alignment ); // check alignment
[bcb14b5]	778	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	779
[b6830d74]	780	// if alignment <= default alignment, do normal malloc as two headers are unnecessary
[bcb14b5]	781	if ( unlikely( alignment <= libAlign() ) ) return mallocNoStats( size );
[b6830d74]	782
	783	// Allocate enough storage to guarantee an address on the alignment boundary, and sufficient space before it for
	784	// administrative storage. NOTE, WHILE THERE ARE 2 HEADERS, THE FIRST ONE IS IMPLICITLY CREATED BY DOMALLOC.
	785	// .-------------v-----------------v----------------v----------,
	786	// \| Real Header \| ... padding ... \| Fake Header \| data ... \|
	787	// `-------------^-----------------^-+--------------^----------'
	788	// \|<--------------------------------' offset/align \|<-- alignment boundary
	789
	790	// subtract libAlign() because it is already the minimum alignment
	791	// add sizeof(Storage) for fake header
[95eb7cf]	792	char * addr = (char *)mallocNoStats( size + alignment - libAlign() + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage) );
[b6830d74]	793
	794	// address in the block of the "next" alignment address
[92aca37]	795	char * user = (char *)ceiling2( (uintptr_t)(addr + sizeof(HeapManager.Storage)), alignment );
[b6830d74]	796
	797	// address of header from malloc
[95eb7cf]	798	HeapManager.Storage.Header * realHeader = headerAddr( addr );
[4cf617e]	799	realHeader->kind.real.size = size; // correct size to eliminate above alignment offset
[b6830d74]	800	// address of fake header * before* the alignment location
	801	HeapManager.Storage.Header * fakeHeader = headerAddr( user );
	802	// SKULLDUGGERY: insert the offset to the start of the actual storage block and remember alignment
	803	fakeHeader->kind.fake.offset = (char )fakeHeader - (char )realHeader;
	804	// SKULLDUGGERY: odd alignment imples fake header
	805	fakeHeader->kind.fake.alignment = alignment \| 1;
	806
	807	return user;
[bcb14b5]	808	} // memalignNoStats
[c4f68dc]	809
	810
	811	extern "C" {
[61248a4]	812	// Allocates size bytes and returns a pointer to the allocated memory. The contents are undefined. If size is 0,
	813	// then malloc() returns a unique pointer value that can later be successfully passed to free().
[b6830d74]	814	void * malloc( size_t size ) {
[c4f68dc]	815	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	816	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
	817	__atomic_add_fetch( &malloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	818	__atomic_add_fetch( &malloc_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	819	} else {
	820	__atomic_add_fetch( &malloc_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	821	} // if
[c4f68dc]	822	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	823
[bcb14b5]	824	return mallocNoStats( size );
	825	} // malloc
[c4f68dc]	826
[76e2113]	827
[61248a4]	828	// Same as malloc() except size bytes is an array of dim elements each of elemSize bytes.
[76e2113]	829	void * aalloc( size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[92aca37]	830	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
[76e2113]	831	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	832	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
	833	__atomic_add_fetch( &aalloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	834	__atomic_add_fetch( &aalloc_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	835	} else {
	836	__atomic_add_fetch( &aalloc_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	837	} // if
[76e2113]	838	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	839
[92aca37]	840	return mallocNoStats( size );
[76e2113]	841	} // aalloc
	842
	843
[61248a4]	844	// Same as aalloc() with memory set to zero.
[76e2113]	845	void * calloc( size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[709b812]	846	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
	847	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) { // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
	848	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	849	__atomic_add_fetch( &calloc_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	850	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	851	return 0p;
	852	} // if
[c4f68dc]	853	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	854	__atomic_add_fetch( &calloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[76e2113]	855	__atomic_add_fetch( &calloc_storage, dim * elemSize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	856	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	857
[709b812]	858	char * addr = (char *)mallocNoStats( size );
	859
	860	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header;
	861	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
	862	size_t bsize, alignment;
	863
	864	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	865	bool mapped =
	866	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	867	headers( "calloc", addr, header, freeElem, bsize, alignment );
	868
	869	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	870	// Mapped storage is zero filled, but in debug mode mapped memory is scrubbed in doMalloc, so it has to be reset to zero.
	871	if ( ! mapped )
	872	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	873	// <-------0000000000000000000000000000UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU> bsize (bucket size) U => undefined
	874	// `-header`-addr `-size
	875	memset( addr, '\0', size ); // set to zeros
	876
	877	header->kind.real.blockSize \|= 2; // mark as zero filled
	878	return addr;
[bcb14b5]	879	} // calloc
[c4f68dc]	880
[92aca37]	881
[61248a4]	882	// Change the size of the memory block pointed to by oaddr to size bytes. The contents are undefined. If oaddr is
	883	// 0p, then the call is equivalent to malloc(size), for all values of size; if size is equal to zero, and oaddr is
	884	// not 0p, then the call is equivalent to free(oaddr). Unless oaddr is 0p, it must have been returned by an earlier
	885	// call to malloc(), alloc(), calloc() or realloc(). If the area pointed to was moved, a free(oaddr) is done.
[cfbc703d]	886	void * resize( void * oaddr, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	887	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	888	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	889	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	890	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	891	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	892	free( oaddr );
	893	return 0p;
	894	} // if
[cfbc703d]	895	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	896	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	897	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	898
[92aca37]	899	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	900	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	901	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	902	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	903	return mallocNoStats( size );
	904	} // if
[cfbc703d]	905
	906	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header;
	907	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[92aca37]	908	size_t bsize, oalign;
[cfbc703d]	909	headers( "resize", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[92847f7]	910
[709b812]	911	size_t odsize = dataStorage( bsize, oaddr, header ); // data storage available in bucket
[cfbc703d]	912	// same size, DO NOT preserve STICKY PROPERTIES.
[92847f7]	913	if ( oalign == libAlign() && size <= odsize && odsize <= size * 2 ) { // allow 50% wasted storage for smaller size
[cfbc703d]	914	header->kind.real.blockSize &= -2; // no alignment and turn off 0 fill
[d5d3a90]	915	header->kind.real.size = size; // reset allocation size
[cfbc703d]	916	return oaddr;
	917	} // if
[0f89d4f]	918
[92aca37]	919	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	920	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	921	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	922
[cfbc703d]	923	// change size, DO NOT preserve STICKY PROPERTIES.
	924	free( oaddr );
[d5d3a90]	925	return mallocNoStats( size ); // create new area
[cfbc703d]	926	} // resize
	927
	928
[61248a4]	929	// Same as resize() but the contents are unchanged in the range from the start of the region up to the minimum of
[cfbc703d]	930	// the old and new sizes.
[95eb7cf]	931	void * realloc( void * oaddr, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	932	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	933	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	934	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	935	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	936	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	937	free( oaddr );
	938	return 0p;
	939	} // if
[c4f68dc]	940	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	941	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[c4f68dc]	942	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	943
[92aca37]	944	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	945	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	946	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	947	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	948	return mallocNoStats( size );
	949	} // if
[c4f68dc]	950
	951	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header;
	952	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
[92aca37]	953	size_t bsize, oalign;
[95eb7cf]	954	headers( "realloc", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
	955
	956	size_t odsize = dataStorage( bsize, oaddr, header ); // data storage available in bucket
[d5d3a90]	957	size_t osize = header->kind.real.size; // old allocation size
[92847f7]	958	bool ozfill = (header->kind.real.blockSize & 2); // old allocation zero filled
	959	if ( unlikely( size <= odsize ) && odsize <= size * 2 ) { // allow up to 50% wasted storage
[d5d3a90]	960	header->kind.real.size = size; // reset allocation size
	961	if ( unlikely( ozfill ) && size > osize ) { // previous request zero fill and larger ?
[e4b6b7d3]	962	memset( (char *)oaddr + osize, '\0', size - osize ); // initialize added storage
[d5d3a90]	963	} // if
[95eb7cf]	964	return oaddr;
[c4f68dc]	965	} // if
	966
[92aca37]	967	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	968	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	969	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	970
[95eb7cf]	971	// change size and copy old content to new storage
	972
	973	void * naddr;
[92847f7]	974	if ( likely( oalign == libAlign() ) ) { // previous request not aligned ?
[d5d3a90]	975	naddr = mallocNoStats( size ); // create new area
[c4f68dc]	976	} else {
[d5d3a90]	977	naddr = memalignNoStats( oalign, size ); // create new aligned area
[c4f68dc]	978	} // if
[1e034d9]	979
[95eb7cf]	980	headers( "realloc", naddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[47dd0d2]	981	memcpy( naddr, oaddr, min( osize, size ) ); // copy bytes
[95eb7cf]	982	free( oaddr );
[d5d3a90]	983
	984	if ( unlikely( ozfill ) ) { // previous request zero fill ?
	985	header->kind.real.blockSize \|= 2; // mark new request as zero filled
	986	if ( size > osize ) { // previous request larger ?
[e4b6b7d3]	987	memset( (char *)naddr + osize, '\0', size - osize ); // initialize added storage
[d5d3a90]	988	} // if
	989	} // if
[95eb7cf]	990	return naddr;
[b6830d74]	991	} // realloc
[c4f68dc]	992
[c1f38e6c]	993
[61248a4]	994	// Same as malloc() except the memory address is a multiple of alignment, which must be a power of two. (obsolete)
[bcb14b5]	995	void * memalign( size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[c4f68dc]	996	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	997	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
	998	__atomic_add_fetch( &memalign_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	999	__atomic_add_fetch( &memalign_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1000	} else {
	1001	__atomic_add_fetch( &memalign_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1002	} // if
[c4f68dc]	1003	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1004
[95eb7cf]	1005	return memalignNoStats( alignment, size );
[bcb14b5]	1006	} // memalign
[c4f68dc]	1007
[95eb7cf]	1008
[76e2113]	1009	// Same as aalloc() with memory alignment.
	1010	void * amemalign( size_t alignment, size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[92aca37]	1011	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
[76e2113]	1012	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	1013	if ( likely( size > 0 ) ) {
	1014	__atomic_add_fetch( &cmemalign_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1015	__atomic_add_fetch( &cmemalign_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1016	} else {
	1017	__atomic_add_fetch( &cmemalign_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1018	} // if
[76e2113]	1019	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1020
[92aca37]	1021	return memalignNoStats( alignment, size );
[76e2113]	1022	} // amemalign
	1023
	1024
[ca7949b]	1025	// Same as calloc() with memory alignment.
[76e2113]	1026	void * cmemalign( size_t alignment, size_t dim, size_t elemSize ) {
[709b812]	1027	size_t size = dim * elemSize;
	1028	if ( unlikely( size ) == 0 ) { // 0 BYTE ALLOCATION RETURNS NULL POINTER
	1029	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1030	__atomic_add_fetch( &cmemalign_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1031	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1032	return 0p;
	1033	} // if
[95eb7cf]	1034	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1035	__atomic_add_fetch( &cmemalign_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[76e2113]	1036	__atomic_add_fetch( &cmemalign_storage, dim * elemSize, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[95eb7cf]	1037	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1038
[709b812]	1039	char * addr = (char *)memalignNoStats( alignment, size );
	1040
	1041	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header;
	1042	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
	1043	size_t bsize;
	1044
	1045	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	1046	bool mapped =
	1047	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1048	headers( "cmemalign", addr, header, freeElem, bsize, alignment );
	1049
	1050	// Mapped storage is zero filled, but in debug mode mapped memory is scrubbed in doMalloc, so it has to be reset to zero.
	1051	#ifndef __CFA_DEBUG__
	1052	if ( ! mapped )
	1053	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1054	// <-------0000000000000000000000000000UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU> bsize (bucket size) U => undefined
	1055	// `-header`-addr `-size
	1056	memset( addr, '\0', size ); // set to zeros
	1057
	1058	header->kind.real.blockSize \|= 2; // mark as zero filled
	1059	return addr;
[95eb7cf]	1060	} // cmemalign
	1061
[13fece5]	1062
[ca7949b]	1063	// Same as memalign(), but ISO/IEC 2011 C11 Section 7.22.2 states: the value of size shall be an integral multiple
	1064	// of alignment. This requirement is universally ignored.
[b6830d74]	1065	void * aligned_alloc( size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[c4f68dc]	1066	return memalign( alignment, size );
[b6830d74]	1067	} // aligned_alloc
[c4f68dc]	1068
	1069
[ca7949b]	1070	// Allocates size bytes and places the address of the allocated memory in *memptr. The address of the allocated
	1071	// memory shall be a multiple of alignment, which must be a power of two and a multiple of sizeof(void *). If size
	1072	// is 0, then posix_memalign() returns either 0p, or a unique pointer value that can later be successfully passed to
	1073	// free(3).
[b6830d74]	1074	int posix_memalign( void ** memptr, size_t alignment, size_t size ) {
[92aca37]	1075	if ( alignment < libAlign() \|\| ! is_pow2( alignment ) ) return EINVAL; // check alignment
[c4f68dc]	1076	* memptr = memalign( alignment, size );
	1077	return 0;
[b6830d74]	1078	} // posix_memalign
[c4f68dc]	1079
[13fece5]	1080
[ca7949b]	1081	// Allocates size bytes and returns a pointer to the allocated memory. The memory address shall be a multiple of the
	1082	// page size. It is equivalent to memalign(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE),size).
[b6830d74]	1083	void * valloc( size_t size ) {
[ad2dced]	1084	return memalign( __page_size, size );
[b6830d74]	1085	} // valloc
[c4f68dc]	1086
	1087
[ca7949b]	1088	// Same as valloc but rounds size to multiple of page size.
	1089	void * pvalloc( size_t size ) {
[ad2dced]	1090	return memalign( __page_size, ceiling2( size, __page_size ) );
[ca7949b]	1091	} // pvalloc
	1092
	1093
	1094	// Frees the memory space pointed to by ptr, which must have been returned by a previous call to malloc(), calloc()
[1076d05]	1095	// or realloc(). Otherwise, or if free(ptr) has already been called before, undefined behaviour occurs. If ptr is
[ca7949b]	1096	// 0p, no operation is performed.
[b6830d74]	1097	void free( void * addr ) {
[95eb7cf]	1098	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) { // special case
[709b812]	1099	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1100	__atomic_add_fetch( &free_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1101	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1102
[95eb7cf]	1103	// #ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
	1104	// if ( traceHeap() ) {
	1105	// #define nullmsg "Free( 0x0 ) size:0\n"
[1e034d9]	1106	// // Do not debug print free( 0p ), as it can cause recursive entry from sprintf.
[95eb7cf]	1107	// __cfaabi_dbg_write( nullmsg, sizeof(nullmsg) - 1 );
	1108	// } // if
	1109	// #endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
[c4f68dc]	1110	return;
	1111	} // exit
	1112
	1113	doFree( addr );
[b6830d74]	1114	} // free
[93c2e0a]	1115
[c4f68dc]	1116
[76e2113]	1117	// Returns the alignment of an allocation.
[b6830d74]	1118	size_t malloc_alignment( void * addr ) {
[95eb7cf]	1119	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return libAlign(); // minimum alignment
[1aa6ecb]	1120	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( addr );
[c4f68dc]	1121	if ( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) { // fake header ?
	1122	return header->kind.fake.alignment & -2; // remove flag from value
	1123	} else {
[cfbc703d]	1124	return libAlign(); // minimum alignment
[c4f68dc]	1125	} // if
[bcb14b5]	1126	} // malloc_alignment
[c4f68dc]	1127
[92aca37]	1128
[76e2113]	1129	// Set the alignment for an the allocation and return previous alignment or 0 if no alignment.
	1130	size_t $malloc_alignment_set( void * addr, size_t alignment ) {
	1131	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return libAlign(); // minimum alignment
	1132	size_t ret;
	1133	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( addr );
	1134	if ( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) { // fake header ?
	1135	ret = header->kind.fake.alignment & -2; // remove flag from old value
	1136	header->kind.fake.alignment = alignment \| 1; // add flag to new value
	1137	} else {
	1138	ret = 0; // => no alignment to change
	1139	} // if
	1140	return ret;
	1141	} // $malloc_alignment_set
	1142
[c4f68dc]	1143
[76e2113]	1144	// Returns true if the allocation is zero filled, e.g., allocated by calloc().
[b6830d74]	1145	bool malloc_zero_fill( void * addr ) {
[95eb7cf]	1146	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return false; // null allocation is not zero fill
[1aa6ecb]	1147	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( addr );
[c4f68dc]	1148	if ( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) { // fake header ?
[cfbc703d]	1149	header = realHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
[c4f68dc]	1150	} // if
[76e2113]	1151	return (header->kind.real.blockSize & 2) != 0; // zero filled ?
[bcb14b5]	1152	} // malloc_zero_fill
[c4f68dc]	1153
[76e2113]	1154	// Set allocation is zero filled and return previous zero filled.
	1155	bool $malloc_zero_fill_set( void * addr ) {
	1156	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return false; // null allocation is not zero fill
	1157	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( addr );
	1158	if ( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) { // fake header ?
	1159	header = realHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
	1160	} // if
	1161	bool ret = (header->kind.real.blockSize & 2) != 0; // zero filled ?
	1162	header->kind.real.blockSize \|= 2; // mark as zero filled
	1163	return ret;
	1164	} // $malloc_zero_fill_set
	1165
[c4f68dc]	1166
[76e2113]	1167	// Returns original total allocation size (not bucket size) => array size is dimension * sizeif(T).
	1168	size_t malloc_size( void * addr ) {
[849fb370]	1169	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return 0; // null allocation has zero size
[cfbc703d]	1170	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( addr );
	1171	if ( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) { // fake header ?
	1172	header = realHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
	1173	} // if
[9c438546]	1174	return header->kind.real.size;
[76e2113]	1175	} // malloc_size
	1176
	1177	// Set allocation size and return previous size.
	1178	size_t $malloc_size_set( void * addr, size_t size ) {
[849fb370]	1179	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return 0; // null allocation has 0 size
[76e2113]	1180	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( addr );
	1181	if ( (header->kind.fake.alignment & 1) == 1 ) { // fake header ?
	1182	header = realHeader( header ); // backup from fake to real header
	1183	} // if
[9c438546]	1184	size_t ret = header->kind.real.size;
	1185	header->kind.real.size = size;
[76e2113]	1186	return ret;
	1187	} // $malloc_size_set
[cfbc703d]	1188
	1189
[ca7949b]	1190	// Returns the number of usable bytes in the block pointed to by ptr, a pointer to a block of memory allocated by
	1191	// malloc or a related function.
[95eb7cf]	1192	size_t malloc_usable_size( void * addr ) {
	1193	if ( unlikely( addr == 0p ) ) return 0; // null allocation has 0 size
	1194	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header;
	1195	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
	1196	size_t bsize, alignment;
	1197
	1198	headers( "malloc_usable_size", addr, header, freeElem, bsize, alignment );
[dd23e66]	1199	return dataStorage( bsize, addr, header ); // data storage in bucket
[95eb7cf]	1200	} // malloc_usable_size
	1201
	1202
[ca7949b]	1203	// Prints (on default standard error) statistics about memory allocated by malloc and related functions.
[b6830d74]	1204	void malloc_stats( void ) {
[c4f68dc]	1205	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	1206	printStats();
[95eb7cf]	1207	if ( prtFree() ) prtFree( heapManager );
[c4f68dc]	1208	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	1209	} // malloc_stats
[c4f68dc]	1210
[92aca37]	1211
[ca7949b]	1212	// Changes the file descripter where malloc_stats() writes statistics.
[95eb7cf]	1213	int malloc_stats_fd( int fd __attribute__(( unused )) ) {
[c4f68dc]	1214	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	1215	int temp = stats_fd;
	1216	stats_fd = fd;
[bcb14b5]	1217	return temp;
[c4f68dc]	1218	#else
[bcb14b5]	1219	return -1;
[c4f68dc]	1220	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[bcb14b5]	1221	} // malloc_stats_fd
[c4f68dc]	1222
[95eb7cf]	1223
[1076d05]	1224	// Adjusts parameters that control the behaviour of the memory-allocation functions (see malloc). The param argument
[ca7949b]	1225	// specifies the parameter to be modified, and value specifies the new value for that parameter.
[95eb7cf]	1226	int mallopt( int option, int value ) {
	1227	choose( option ) {
	1228	case M_TOP_PAD:
[ad2dced]	1229	heapExpand = ceiling2( value, __page_size ); return 1;
[95eb7cf]	1230	case M_MMAP_THRESHOLD:
	1231	if ( setMmapStart( value ) ) return 1;
[1076d05]	1232	break;
[95eb7cf]	1233	} // switch
	1234	return 0; // error, unsupported
	1235	} // mallopt
	1236
[c1f38e6c]	1237
[ca7949b]	1238	// Attempt to release free memory at the top of the heap (by calling sbrk with a suitable argument).
[95eb7cf]	1239	int malloc_trim( size_t ) {
	1240	return 0; // => impossible to release memory
	1241	} // malloc_trim
	1242
	1243
[ca7949b]	1244	// Exports an XML string that describes the current state of the memory-allocation implementation in the caller.
	1245	// The string is printed on the file stream stream. The exported string includes information about all arenas (see
	1246	// malloc).
[709b812]	1247	int malloc_info( int options, FILE * stream __attribute__(( unused )) ) {
[92aca37]	1248	if ( options != 0 ) { errno = EINVAL; return -1; }
	1249	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[d46ed6e]	1250	return printStatsXML( stream );
[92aca37]	1251	#else
	1252	return 0; // unsupported
	1253	#endif // __STATISTICS__
[c4f68dc]	1254	} // malloc_info
	1255
	1256
[ca7949b]	1257	// Records the current state of all malloc internal bookkeeping variables (but not the actual contents of the heap
	1258	// or the state of malloc_hook functions pointers). The state is recorded in a system-dependent opaque data
	1259	// structure dynamically allocated via malloc, and a pointer to that data structure is returned as the function
	1260	// result. (The caller must free this memory.)
[c4f68dc]	1261	void * malloc_get_state( void ) {
[95eb7cf]	1262	return 0p; // unsupported
[c4f68dc]	1263	} // malloc_get_state
	1264
[bcb14b5]	1265
[ca7949b]	1266	// Restores the state of all malloc internal bookkeeping variables to the values recorded in the opaque data
	1267	// structure pointed to by state.
[92aca37]	1268	int malloc_set_state( void * ) {
[bcb14b5]	1269	return 0; // unsupported
[c4f68dc]	1270	} // malloc_set_state
	1271	} // extern "C"
	1272
	1273
[95eb7cf]	1274	// Must have CFA linkage to overload with C linkage realloc.
[cfbc703d]	1275	void * resize( void * oaddr, size_t nalign, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	1276	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	1277	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	1278	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1279	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1280	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1281	free( oaddr );
	1282	return 0p;
	1283	} // if
[95eb7cf]	1284
[c86f587]	1285	if ( unlikely( nalign < libAlign() ) ) nalign = libAlign(); // reset alignment to minimum
	1286	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[709b812]	1287	else checkAlign( nalign ); // check alignment
[c86f587]	1288	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1289
[92aca37]	1290	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	1291	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[709b812]	1292	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[92aca37]	1293	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1294	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1295	return memalignNoStats( nalign, size );
	1296	} // if
[cfbc703d]	1297
[92847f7]	1298	// Attempt to reuse existing alignment.
[47dd0d2]	1299	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( oaddr );
[92847f7]	1300	bool isFakeHeader = header->kind.fake.alignment & 1; // old fake header ?
	1301	size_t oalign;
	1302	if ( isFakeHeader ) {
	1303	oalign = header->kind.fake.alignment & -2; // old alignment
	1304	if ( (uintptr_t)oaddr % nalign == 0 // lucky match ?
	1305	&& ( oalign <= nalign // going down
	1306	\|\| (oalign >= nalign && oalign <= 256) ) // little alignment storage wasted ?
	1307	) {
	1308	headerAddr( oaddr )->kind.fake.alignment = nalign \| 1; // update alignment (could be the same)
	1309	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
	1310	size_t bsize, oalign;
	1311	headers( "resize", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
	1312	size_t odsize = dataStorage( bsize, oaddr, header ); // data storage available in bucket
[a3ade94]	1313
[92847f7]	1314	if ( size <= odsize && odsize <= size * 2 ) { // allow 50% wasted data storage
[03b87140]	1315	headerAddr( oaddr )->kind.fake.alignment = nalign \| 1; // update alignment (could be the same)
[a3ade94]	1316
[92847f7]	1317	header->kind.real.blockSize &= -2; // turn off 0 fill
	1318	header->kind.real.size = size; // reset allocation size
	1319	return oaddr;
	1320	} // if
[cfbc703d]	1321	} // if
[92847f7]	1322	} else if ( ! isFakeHeader // old real header (aligned on libAlign) ?
	1323	&& nalign == libAlign() ) { // new alignment also on libAlign => no fake header needed
[113d785]	1324	return resize( oaddr, size ); // duplicate special case checks
[cfbc703d]	1325	} // if
	1326
[92aca37]	1327	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1328	__atomic_add_fetch( &resize_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1329	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1330
[dd23e66]	1331	// change size, DO NOT preserve STICKY PROPERTIES.
[cfbc703d]	1332	free( oaddr );
[dd23e66]	1333	return memalignNoStats( nalign, size ); // create new aligned area
[cfbc703d]	1334	} // resize
	1335
	1336
	1337	void * realloc( void * oaddr, size_t nalign, size_t size ) {
[709b812]	1338	// If size is equal to 0, either NULL or a pointer suitable to be passed to free() is returned.
	1339	if ( unlikely( size == 0 ) ) { // special cases
	1340	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1341	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_zero_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1342	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1343	free( oaddr );
	1344	return 0p;
	1345	} // if
	1346
[c1f38e6c]	1347	if ( unlikely( nalign < libAlign() ) ) nalign = libAlign(); // reset alignment to minimum
[cfbc703d]	1348	#ifdef __CFA_DEBUG__
[709b812]	1349	else checkAlign( nalign ); // check alignment
[cfbc703d]	1350	#endif // __CFA_DEBUG__
	1351
[c86f587]	1352	if ( unlikely( oaddr == 0p ) ) {
	1353	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
	1354	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1355	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
	1356	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1357	return memalignNoStats( nalign, size );
	1358	} // if
	1359
[92847f7]	1360	// Attempt to reuse existing alignment.
	1361	HeapManager.Storage.Header * header = headerAddr( oaddr );
	1362	bool isFakeHeader = header->kind.fake.alignment & 1; // old fake header ?
	1363	size_t oalign;
	1364	if ( isFakeHeader ) {
	1365	oalign = header->kind.fake.alignment & -2; // old alignment
	1366	if ( (uintptr_t)oaddr % nalign == 0 // lucky match ?
	1367	&& ( oalign <= nalign // going down
	1368	\|\| (oalign >= nalign && oalign <= 256) ) // little alignment storage wasted ?
	1369	) {
[03b87140]	1370	headerAddr( oaddr )->kind.fake.alignment = nalign \| 1; // update alignment (could be the same)
[92847f7]	1371	return realloc( oaddr, size ); // duplicate alignment and special case checks
	1372	} // if
	1373	} else if ( ! isFakeHeader // old real header (aligned on libAlign) ?
	1374	&& nalign == libAlign() ) // new alignment also on libAlign => no fake header needed
	1375	return realloc( oaddr, size ); // duplicate alignment and special case checks
[cfbc703d]	1376
[1e034d9]	1377	#ifdef __STATISTICS__
[cfbc703d]	1378	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_calls, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[95eb7cf]	1379	__atomic_add_fetch( &realloc_storage, size, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST );
[1e034d9]	1380	#endif // __STATISTICS__
	1381
[92847f7]	1382	HeapManager.FreeHeader * freeElem;
	1383	size_t bsize;
	1384	headers( "realloc", oaddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
	1385
	1386	// change size and copy old content to new storage
	1387
[dd23e66]	1388	size_t osize = header->kind.real.size; // old allocation size
[92847f7]	1389	bool ozfill = (header->kind.real.blockSize & 2); // old allocation zero filled
[dd23e66]	1390
	1391	void * naddr = memalignNoStats( nalign, size ); // create new aligned area
[95eb7cf]	1392
[1e034d9]	1393	headers( "realloc", naddr, header, freeElem, bsize, oalign );
[47dd0d2]	1394	memcpy( naddr, oaddr, min( osize, size ) ); // copy bytes
[1e034d9]	1395	free( oaddr );
[d5d3a90]	1396
	1397	if ( unlikely( ozfill ) ) { // previous request zero fill ?
	1398	header->kind.real.blockSize \|= 2; // mark new request as zero filled
	1399	if ( size > osize ) { // previous request larger ?
[e4b6b7d3]	1400	memset( (char *)naddr + osize, '\0', size - osize ); // initialize added storage
[d5d3a90]	1401	} // if
	1402	} // if
[1e034d9]	1403	return naddr;
[95eb7cf]	1404	} // realloc
	1405
	1406
[c4f68dc]	1407	// Local Variables: //
	1408	// tab-width: 4 //
[f8cd310]	1409	// compile-command: "cfa -nodebug -O2 heap.cfa" //
[c4f68dc]	1410	// End: //

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