source: libcfa/src/concurrency/preemption.cfa @ 1805b1b

ADTarm-ehast-experimentalenumforall-pointer-decayjacob/cs343-translationjenkins-sandboxnew-astnew-ast-unique-exprpthread-emulationqualifiedEnum
Last change on this file since 1805b1b was 1805b1b, checked in by Peter A. Buhr <pabuhr@…>, 4 years ago

refactor pthread_create into create_pthread, change NULL to 0p

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1//
2// Cforall Version 1.0.0 Copyright (C) 2016 University of Waterloo
3//
4// The contents of this file are covered under the licence agreement in the
5// file "LICENCE" distributed with Cforall.
6//
7// signal.c --
8//
9// Author           : Thierry Delisle
10// Created On       : Mon Jun 5 14:20:42 2017
11// Last Modified By : Peter A. Buhr
12// Last Modified On : Sun Dec  1 22:22:56 2019
13// Update Count     : 41
14//
15
16#define __cforall_thread__
17
18#include "preemption.hfa"
19#include <assert.h>
20
21extern "C" {
22#include <errno.h>
23#include <stdio.h>
24#include <string.h>
25#include <unistd.h>
26#include <limits.h>                                                                             // PTHREAD_STACK_MIN
27}
28
29#include "bits/signal.hfa"
30
31#if !defined(__CFA_DEFAULT_PREEMPTION__)
32#define __CFA_DEFAULT_PREEMPTION__ 10`ms
33#endif
34
35Duration default_preemption() __attribute__((weak)) {
36        return __CFA_DEFAULT_PREEMPTION__;
37}
38
39// FwdDeclarations : timeout handlers
40static void preempt( processor   * this );
41static void timeout( thread_desc * this );
42
43// FwdDeclarations : Signal handlers
44static void sigHandler_ctxSwitch( __CFA_SIGPARMS__ );
45static void sigHandler_segv     ( __CFA_SIGPARMS__ );
46static void sigHandler_ill      ( __CFA_SIGPARMS__ );
47static void sigHandler_fpe      ( __CFA_SIGPARMS__ );
48static void sigHandler_abort    ( __CFA_SIGPARMS__ );
49
50// FwdDeclarations : alarm thread main
51static void * alarm_loop( __attribute__((unused)) void * args );
52
53// Machine specific register name
54#if   defined( __i386 )
55#define CFA_REG_IP gregs[REG_EIP]
56#elif defined( __x86_64 )
57#define CFA_REG_IP gregs[REG_RIP]
58#elif defined( __ARM_ARCH )
59#define CFA_REG_IP arm_pc
60#else
61#error unknown hardware architecture
62#endif
63
64KERNEL_STORAGE(event_kernel_t, event_kernel);         // private storage for event kernel
65event_kernel_t * event_kernel;                        // kernel public handle to even kernel
66static pthread_t alarm_thread;                        // pthread handle to alarm thread
67
68static void ?{}(event_kernel_t & this) with( this ) {
69        alarms{};
70        lock{};
71}
72
73enum {
74        PREEMPT_NORMAL    = 0,
75        PREEMPT_TERMINATE = 1,
76};
77
78//=============================================================================================
79// Kernel Preemption logic
80//=============================================================================================
81
82// Get next expired node
83static inline alarm_node_t * get_expired( alarm_list_t * alarms, Time currtime ) {
84        if( !alarms->head ) return 0p;                                          // If no alarms return null
85        if( alarms->head->alarm >= currtime ) return 0p;        // If alarms head not expired return null
86        return pop(alarms);                                                                     // Otherwise just pop head
87}
88
89// Tick one frame of the Discrete Event Simulation for alarms
90static void tick_preemption() {
91        alarm_node_t * node = 0p;                                                       // Used in the while loop but cannot be declared in the while condition
92        alarm_list_t * alarms = &event_kernel->alarms;          // Local copy for ease of reading
93        Time currtime = __kernel_get_time();                            // Check current time once so everything "happens at once"
94
95        //Loop throught every thing expired
96        while( node = get_expired( alarms, currtime ) ) {
97                // __cfaabi_dbg_print_buffer_decl( " KERNEL: preemption tick.\n" );
98
99                // Check if this is a kernel
100                if( node->kernel_alarm ) {
101                        preempt( node->proc );
102                }
103                else {
104                        timeout( node->thrd );
105                }
106
107                // Check if this is a periodic alarm
108                Duration period = node->period;
109                if( period > 0 ) {
110                        // __cfaabi_dbg_print_buffer_local( " KERNEL: alarm period is %lu.\n", period.tv );
111                        node->alarm = currtime + period;    // Alarm is periodic, add currtime to it (used cached current time)
112                        insert( alarms, node );             // Reinsert the node for the next time it triggers
113                }
114                else {
115                        node->set = false;                  // Node is one-shot, just mark it as not pending
116                }
117        }
118
119        // If there are still alarms pending, reset the timer
120        if( alarms->head ) {
121                __cfaabi_dbg_print_buffer_decl( " KERNEL: @%ju(%ju) resetting alarm to %ju.\n", currtime.tv, __kernel_get_time().tv, (alarms->head->alarm - currtime).tv);
122                Duration delta = alarms->head->alarm - currtime;
123                Duration caped = max(delta, 50`us);
124                // itimerval tim  = { caped };
125                // __cfaabi_dbg_print_buffer_local( "    Values are %lu, %lu, %lu %lu.\n", delta.tv, caped.tv, tim.it_value.tv_sec, tim.it_value.tv_usec);
126
127                __kernel_set_timer( caped );
128        }
129}
130
131// Update the preemption of a processor and notify interested parties
132void update_preemption( processor * this, Duration duration ) {
133        alarm_node_t * alarm = this->preemption_alarm;
134
135        // Alarms need to be enabled
136        if ( duration > 0 && ! alarm->set ) {
137                alarm->alarm = __kernel_get_time() + duration;
138                alarm->period = duration;
139                register_self( alarm );
140        }
141        // Zero duration but alarm is set
142        else if ( duration == 0 && alarm->set ) {
143                unregister_self( alarm );
144                alarm->alarm = 0;
145                alarm->period = 0;
146        }
147        // If alarm is different from previous, change it
148        else if ( duration > 0 && alarm->period != duration ) {
149                unregister_self( alarm );
150                alarm->alarm = __kernel_get_time() + duration;
151                alarm->period = duration;
152                register_self( alarm );
153        }
154}
155
156//=============================================================================================
157// Kernel Signal Tools
158//=============================================================================================
159
160__cfaabi_dbg_debug_do( static thread_local void * last_interrupt = 0; )
161
162extern "C" {
163        // Disable interrupts by incrementing the counter
164        void disable_interrupts() {
165                with( kernelTLS.preemption_state ) {
166                        #if GCC_VERSION > 50000
167                        static_assert(__atomic_always_lock_free(sizeof(enabled), &enabled), "Must be lock-free");
168                        #endif
169
170                        // Set enabled flag to false
171                        // should be atomic to avoid preemption in the middle of the operation.
172                        // use memory order RELAXED since there is no inter-thread on this variable requirements
173                        __atomic_store_n(&enabled, false, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
174
175                        // Signal the compiler that a fence is needed but only for signal handlers
176                        __atomic_signal_fence(__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
177
178                        __attribute__((unused)) unsigned short new_val = disable_count + 1;
179                        disable_count = new_val;
180                        verify( new_val < 65_000u );              // If this triggers someone is disabling interrupts without enabling them
181                }
182        }
183
184        // Enable interrupts by decrementing the counter
185        // If counter reaches 0, execute any pending CtxSwitch
186        void enable_interrupts( __cfaabi_dbg_ctx_param ) {
187                processor   * proc = kernelTLS.this_processor; // Cache the processor now since interrupts can start happening after the atomic store
188                thread_desc * thrd = kernelTLS.this_thread;       // Cache the thread now since interrupts can start happening after the atomic store
189
190                with( kernelTLS.preemption_state ){
191                        unsigned short prev = disable_count;
192                        disable_count -= 1;
193                        verify( prev != 0u );                     // If this triggers someone is enabled already enabled interruptsverify( prev != 0u );
194
195                        // Check if we need to prempt the thread because an interrupt was missed
196                        if( prev == 1 ) {
197                                #if GCC_VERSION > 50000
198                                static_assert(__atomic_always_lock_free(sizeof(enabled), &enabled), "Must be lock-free");
199                                #endif
200
201                                // Set enabled flag to true
202                                // should be atomic to avoid preemption in the middle of the operation.
203                                // use memory order RELAXED since there is no inter-thread on this variable requirements
204                                __atomic_store_n(&enabled, true, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
205
206                                // Signal the compiler that a fence is needed but only for signal handlers
207                                __atomic_signal_fence(__ATOMIC_RELEASE);
208                                if( proc->pending_preemption ) {
209                                        proc->pending_preemption = false;
210                                        BlockInternal( thrd );
211                                }
212                        }
213                }
214
215                // For debugging purposes : keep track of the last person to enable the interrupts
216                __cfaabi_dbg_debug_do( proc->last_enable = caller; )
217        }
218
219        // Disable interrupts by incrementint the counter
220        // Don't execute any pending CtxSwitch even if counter reaches 0
221        void enable_interrupts_noPoll() {
222                unsigned short prev = kernelTLS.preemption_state.disable_count;
223                kernelTLS.preemption_state.disable_count -= 1;
224                verifyf( prev != 0u, "Incremented from %u\n", prev );                     // If this triggers someone is enabled already enabled interrupts
225                if( prev == 1 ) {
226                        #if GCC_VERSION > 50000
227                        static_assert(__atomic_always_lock_free(sizeof(kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled), &kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled), "Must be lock-free");
228                        #endif
229                        // Set enabled flag to true
230                        // should be atomic to avoid preemption in the middle of the operation.
231                        // use memory order RELAXED since there is no inter-thread on this variable requirements
232                        __atomic_store_n(&kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled, true, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
233
234                        // Signal the compiler that a fence is needed but only for signal handlers
235                        __atomic_signal_fence(__ATOMIC_RELEASE);
236                }
237        }
238}
239
240// sigprocmask wrapper : unblock a single signal
241static inline void signal_unblock( int sig ) {
242        sigset_t mask;
243        sigemptyset( &mask );
244        sigaddset( &mask, sig );
245
246        if ( pthread_sigmask( SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask, 0p ) == -1 ) {
247            abort( "internal error, pthread_sigmask" );
248        }
249}
250
251// sigprocmask wrapper : block a single signal
252static inline void signal_block( int sig ) {
253        sigset_t mask;
254        sigemptyset( &mask );
255        sigaddset( &mask, sig );
256
257        if ( pthread_sigmask( SIG_BLOCK, &mask, 0p ) == -1 ) {
258            abort( "internal error, pthread_sigmask" );
259        }
260}
261
262// kill wrapper : signal a processor
263static void preempt( processor * this ) {
264        sigval_t value = { PREEMPT_NORMAL };
265        pthread_sigqueue( this->kernel_thread, SIGUSR1, value );
266}
267
268// reserved for future use
269static void timeout( thread_desc * this ) {
270        //TODO : implement waking threads
271}
272
273// KERNEL ONLY
274// Check if a CtxSwitch signal handler shoud defer
275// If true  : preemption is safe
276// If false : preemption is unsafe and marked as pending
277static inline bool preemption_ready() {
278        // Check if preemption is safe
279        bool ready = kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled && ! kernelTLS.preemption_state.in_progress;
280
281        // Adjust the pending flag accordingly
282        kernelTLS.this_processor->pending_preemption = !ready;
283        return ready;
284}
285
286//=============================================================================================
287// Kernel Signal Startup/Shutdown logic
288//=============================================================================================
289
290// Startup routine to activate preemption
291// Called from kernel_startup
292void kernel_start_preemption() {
293        __cfaabi_dbg_print_safe( "Kernel : Starting preemption\n" );
294
295        // Start with preemption disabled until ready
296        kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled = false;
297        kernelTLS.preemption_state.disable_count = 1;
298
299        // Initialize the event kernel
300        event_kernel = (event_kernel_t *)&storage_event_kernel;
301        (*event_kernel){};
302
303        // Setup proper signal handlers
304        __cfaabi_sigaction( SIGUSR1, sigHandler_ctxSwitch, SA_SIGINFO | SA_RESTART ); // CtxSwitch handler
305
306        signal_block( SIGALRM );
307
308        kernelTLS.preemption_state.stack = create_pthread( &alarm_thread, alarm_loop, 0p );
309}
310
311// Shutdown routine to deactivate preemption
312// Called from kernel_shutdown
313void kernel_stop_preemption() {
314        __cfaabi_dbg_print_safe( "Kernel : Preemption stopping\n" );
315
316        // Block all signals since we are already shutting down
317        sigset_t mask;
318        sigfillset( &mask );
319        sigprocmask( SIG_BLOCK, &mask, 0p );
320
321        // Notify the alarm thread of the shutdown
322        sigval val = { 1 };
323        pthread_sigqueue( alarm_thread, SIGALRM, val );
324
325        // Wait for the preemption thread to finish
326
327        pthread_join( alarm_thread, 0p );
328        free( kernelTLS.preemption_state.stack );
329
330        // Preemption is now fully stopped
331
332        __cfaabi_dbg_print_safe( "Kernel : Preemption stopped\n" );
333}
334
335// Raii ctor/dtor for the preemption_scope
336// Used by thread to control when they want to receive preemption signals
337void ?{}( preemption_scope & this, processor * proc ) {
338        (this.alarm){ proc, (Time){ 0 }, 0`s };
339        this.proc = proc;
340        this.proc->preemption_alarm = &this.alarm;
341
342        update_preemption( this.proc, this.proc->cltr->preemption_rate );
343}
344
345void ^?{}( preemption_scope & this ) {
346        disable_interrupts();
347
348        update_preemption( this.proc, 0`s );
349}
350
351//=============================================================================================
352// Kernel Signal Handlers
353//=============================================================================================
354
355// Context switch signal handler
356// Receives SIGUSR1 signal and causes the current thread to yield
357static void sigHandler_ctxSwitch( __CFA_SIGPARMS__ ) {
358        __cfaabi_dbg_debug_do( last_interrupt = (void *)(cxt->uc_mcontext.CFA_REG_IP); )
359
360        // SKULLDUGGERY: if a thread creates a processor and the immediately deletes it,
361        // the interrupt that is supposed to force the kernel thread to preempt might arrive
362        // before the kernel thread has even started running. When that happens an iterrupt
363        // we a null 'this_processor' will be caught, just ignore it.
364        if(! kernelTLS.this_processor ) return;
365
366        choose(sfp->si_value.sival_int) {
367                case PREEMPT_NORMAL   : ;// Normal case, nothing to do here
368                case PREEMPT_TERMINATE: verify( __atomic_load_n( &kernelTLS.this_processor->do_terminate, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST ) );
369                default:
370                        abort( "internal error, signal value is %d", sfp->si_value.sival_int );
371        }
372
373        // Check if it is safe to preempt here
374        if( !preemption_ready() ) { return; }
375
376        __cfaabi_dbg_print_buffer_decl( " KERNEL: preempting core %p (%p @ %p).\n", kernelTLS.this_processor, kernelTLS.this_thread, (void *)(cxt->uc_mcontext.CFA_REG_IP) );
377
378        // Sync flag : prevent recursive calls to the signal handler
379        kernelTLS.preemption_state.in_progress = true;
380
381        // Clear sighandler mask before context switching.
382        #if GCC_VERSION > 50000
383        static_assert( sizeof( sigset_t ) == sizeof( cxt->uc_sigmask ), "Expected cxt->uc_sigmask to be of sigset_t" );
384        #endif
385        if ( pthread_sigmask( SIG_SETMASK, (sigset_t *)&(cxt->uc_sigmask), 0p ) == -1 ) {
386                abort( "internal error, sigprocmask" );
387        }
388
389        // TODO: this should go in finish action
390        // Clear the in progress flag
391        kernelTLS.preemption_state.in_progress = false;
392
393        // Preemption can occur here
394
395        BlockInternal( kernelTLS.this_thread ); // Do the actual CtxSwitch
396}
397
398// Main of the alarm thread
399// Waits on SIGALRM and send SIGUSR1 to whom ever needs it
400static void * alarm_loop( __attribute__((unused)) void * args ) {
401        // Block sigalrms to control when they arrive
402        sigset_t mask;
403        sigfillset(&mask);
404        if ( pthread_sigmask( SIG_BLOCK, &mask, 0p ) == -1 ) {
405            abort( "internal error, pthread_sigmask" );
406        }
407
408        sigemptyset( &mask );
409        sigaddset( &mask, SIGALRM );
410
411        // Main loop
412        while( true ) {
413                // Wait for a sigalrm
414                siginfo_t info;
415                int sig = sigwaitinfo( &mask, &info );
416
417                if( sig < 0 ) {
418                        //Error!
419                        int err = errno;
420                        switch( err ) {
421                                case EAGAIN :
422                                case EINTR :
423                                        {__cfaabi_dbg_print_buffer_decl( " KERNEL: Spurious wakeup %d.\n", err );}
424                                        continue;
425                                case EINVAL :
426                                        abort( "Timeout was invalid." );
427                                default:
428                                        abort( "Unhandled error %d", err);
429                        }
430                }
431
432                // If another signal arrived something went wrong
433                assertf(sig == SIGALRM, "Kernel Internal Error, sigwait: Unexpected signal %d (%d : %d)\n", sig, info.si_code, info.si_value.sival_int);
434
435                // __cfaabi_dbg_print_safe( "Kernel : Caught alarm from %d with %d\n", info.si_code, info.si_value.sival_int );
436                // Switch on the code (a.k.a. the sender) to
437                switch( info.si_code )
438                {
439                // Timers can apparently be marked as sent for the kernel
440                // In either case, tick preemption
441                case SI_TIMER:
442                case SI_KERNEL:
443                        // __cfaabi_dbg_print_safe( "Kernel : Preemption thread tick\n" );
444                        lock( event_kernel->lock __cfaabi_dbg_ctx2 );
445                        tick_preemption();
446                        unlock( event_kernel->lock );
447                        break;
448                // Signal was not sent by the kernel but by an other thread
449                case SI_QUEUE:
450                        // For now, other thread only signal the alarm thread to shut it down
451                        // If this needs to change use info.si_value and handle the case here
452                        goto EXIT;
453                }
454        }
455
456EXIT:
457        __cfaabi_dbg_print_safe( "Kernel : Preemption thread stopping\n" );
458        return 0p;
459}
460
461//=============================================================================================
462// Kernel Signal Debug
463//=============================================================================================
464
465void __cfaabi_check_preemption() {
466        bool ready = kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled;
467        if(!ready) { abort("Preemption should be ready"); }
468
469        sigset_t oldset;
470        int ret;
471        ret = pthread_sigmask(0, 0p, &oldset);
472        if(ret != 0) { abort("ERROR sigprocmask returned %d", ret); }
473
474        ret = sigismember(&oldset, SIGUSR1);
475        if(ret <  0) { abort("ERROR sigismember returned %d", ret); }
476        if(ret == 1) { abort("ERROR SIGUSR1 is disabled"); }
477
478        ret = sigismember(&oldset, SIGALRM);
479        if(ret <  0) { abort("ERROR sigismember returned %d", ret); }
480        if(ret == 0) { abort("ERROR SIGALRM is enabled"); }
481
482        ret = sigismember(&oldset, SIGTERM);
483        if(ret <  0) { abort("ERROR sigismember returned %d", ret); }
484        if(ret == 1) { abort("ERROR SIGTERM is disabled"); }
485}
486
487#ifdef __CFA_WITH_VERIFY__
488bool __cfaabi_dbg_in_kernel() {
489        return !kernelTLS.preemption_state.enabled;
490}
491#endif
492
493// Local Variables: //
494// mode: c //
495// tab-width: 4 //
496// End: //
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