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	{\bf \CFA{} Type System Implementation }

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	\normalsize
	by \\

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	\Large
	Aaron Moss \\

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	\normalsize
	A thesis \\
	presented to the University of Waterloo \\ 
	in fulfillment of the \\
	thesis requirement for the degree of \\
	Doctor of Philosophy \\
	in \\
	Computer Science \\

	\vspace*{2.0cm}

	Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2019 \\

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	\copyright\ Aaron Moss 2019 \\
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% E X A M I N I N G   C O M M I T T E E
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\begin{center}\textbf{Examining Committee Membership}\end{center}
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  The following served on the Examining Committee for this thesis. The decision of the Examining Committee is by majority vote.
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%   External Examiner: \>  Bruce Bruce \\ 
%   \> Professor, Dept. of Philosophy of Zoology, University of Wallamaloo \\
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  Supervisor: \> Peter Buhr \\
  \> Professor, School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo \\
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  Internal Members: \> Gregor Richards \\
  \> Professor, School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo \\
  \> Ond\v{r}ej Lhot\a'ak \\
  \> Professor, School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo \\
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I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners.

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  \noindent
I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public.

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% A B S T R A C T
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\begin{center}\textbf{Abstract}\end{center}

	The C programming language has been an important software development tool for decades.
	\CFA{} is a new programming language designed with strong backwards-compatibility to take advantage of widely distributed C programming expertise and the large deployed base of C code, paired with modern language features to improve developer productivity. 
	
	This thesis presents a number of improvements to \CFA{}. 
	The author has developed one major new language feature, generic types, in a way that integrates naturally with both the existing polymorphism features of \CFA{} and the translation-unit-based encapsulation model of C. 
	This thesis also presents a number of smaller refinements to the \CFA{} overload resolution rules, each of which improves the expressivity or intuitive nature of the language. 
	
	This thesis also includes a number of practical improvements to \CFA{} compilation performance, focused on the expression resolution pass which is the main bottleneck. 
	These include better algorithms for argument-parameter matching and type assertion satisfaction, as well as a new type environment data structure based on a novel variant of union-find. 
	The compilation performance improvements have all been experimentally validated with a new prototype system which encapsulates the key aspects of the \CFA{} language; this prototype is a promising basis for future research, and is a technical contribution of this work.

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% \begin{center}\textbf{Acknowledgements}\end{center}

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% D E D I C A T I O N
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